Ariadne På Naxos Richard Strauss 1864-1949

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Ariadne På Naxos Richard Strauss 1864-1949 Ariadne på Naxos Richard Strauss 1864-1949. Libretto: Hugo von Hofmannsthal. Opera i 2 dele – Spillet & Sunget på tysk Den oprindelige version 1912, (efterspil til Molliéres: Den adelsgale borger). Omarbejdet til selvstændig opera, Wien 1916 Det Kgl. Teater 1959 (1916 versionen) Optagelse fra Salzburg Festival 2012 Varighed 3 timer 13 minutter. Dirigent: Daniel Harding Instruktør: Sven-Eric Bechtolf Ariadne på Naxos er et overraskende forsøg på at kombinere komisk og seriøs opera, skue- Primadonna / Ariadne: Emily Magee (sopran) spil og ballet. Zerbinetta: Elena Moşuc (koleratursopran) Tenor / Bacchus: Jonas Kaufmann (tenor) Naiade / Hyrdinde: Eva Liebau (sopran) - Dryade / Hyrde: Marie-Claude Chappuis (alt) - Ekko / En Sanger: Eleonora Buratto (sopran) - Harlequin: Gabriel Bermúdez (bariton) - Orkester: Wiener Philharmonikerne Richard Strauss’ Ariadne på Naxos havde verdenspremiere i den oprindelige version 1912. Salzburgfestivalen fejrede dette jubilæum i 2012, som hilsen til de tre skabere, Strauss og Hofmannsthal der havde dedikeret denne opera til Max Reinhardt (*). Operaen består af to dele. Første del er ren commedia dell’arte der giver forklaring på sælsomhederne i handlingen, og man får næsten medlidenhed med den stakkels borger, der er kommet til penge og gerne vil opføre sig som en rigtig adelsmand. Det er komedie på højt plan. Der er et kort midterstykke hvor sangerne bliver præsenteret. Anden del er operaen og hvilken del: Med Emily Magee, Elena Moşuc, Jonas Kaufmann og holdet af sangere kan det næppe gøres bedre. Daniel Harding står i spidsen for Wiener Philharmonikerne. Instruktøren Sven-Eric Bechtolf: Hundrede år er gået siden Hofmannsthal begyndte at arbejde på denne fortælling med den voldsomt praktiske og dramaturgisk højt talentfulde Strauss, og hundrede år siden Ariadne på Naxos’ katastrofale verdenspremiere. Vi tager dette 'jubilæum' som en mulighed for at revidere den oprindelige version. Og hvor ville det være mere fornuftigt end i Salzburg? Ariadne på Naxos var det tredje samarbejde mellem Richard Strauss og Hugo von Hofmannsthal, skrevet umiddelbart efter Rosenkavalerens store succes. Oprindelig planlagt som et "divertissement med et lille kammerorkester", projektet blev udvidet til en grand venture (stort eventyr), der kombinerede opera, drama og ballet - og blev et flop på verdenspremieren i 1912. Salzburg-festivalen 2012 lovede at opfylde "sine skaberes vidunderlige drøm: at samle de forskellige genrer teater, ballet, drama, musik og sang. "Sven-Eric Bechtolf instruerede denne ukonventionelle produktion og havde ikke kun tilpasset Molières ”Le Bourgeois gentilhomme / Den adelsgale borger”, der gik forud for operaen på det tidspunkt, men også genindført balletmusikken, der er skrevet til det efterfølgende. Som en af de sidste repræsentanter for den senromantiske musik har Strauss skrevet i en umiskendeligt personlig stil inden for næsten alle genrer. Richard Strauss var orkestrets suveræne hersker, han var en enestående melodiker og en genial instrumentator. Han havde både musikalsk og teatermæssigt en udpræget dramatisk og psykologisk sans og stor formsikkerhed. Hans evne til at skrive for den menneskelige stemme viser sig både i de populære klaver- og orkesterlieder og i operaerne, der stadig udgør en kunstnerisk udfordring for operahuse. Med enestående herredømme over de musikalske virkemidler står han som foregangsmand for musikalsk realisme. Strauss’ mest populære orkesterværker er Also sprach Zarathustra og variationerne over Don Quixote. Han har også skrevet to ungdomssymfonier og ti symfoniske digtninge som Ein Heldenleben, Tod und Verklärung, Till Eulenspiegel og Don Juan. I sine hyppigt opførte tonedigte gik han til de yderste grænser af, hvad der var muligt at illustrere musikalsk, og han overførte mange teknikker herfra til sine operaer. Det blev til 15 operaer, som Salome, Elektra, Rosenkavaleren fra 1911, Ariadne på Naxos, Die Frau ohne Schatten og Arabella, spændende fra det moderne til senromantik. Han skrev også balletterne Josephs legende og Schlagobers samt ca. 200 sange, heriblandt Vier letzte Lieder. Ved siden af Richard Wagner forblev hans forbillede Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. 1. Commedia dell'arte. Vi møder i starten forfatteren Hofmannsthal og grevinde Odette (enke) i samtale. Grevinden overtaler Hofmannsthal til at fortælle en af sine historier: I hjemmet hos den rigeste mand i Wien er forberedelserne til en til lejligheden komponeret opera på vej. Husherren er bekymret, for han frygter at opførelsen af en seriøs opera om et antikt emne vil kede gæsterne. To grupper af musikere og sangere er ankommet. Den ene er en burlesk gruppe, ledet af den sjuskede komedienne Zerbinetta, der står for intermezzoet. Den anden er et operaselskab, der vil præsentere en opera seria, Ariadne på Naxos, den unge komponists værk. Medlemmer af de to selskaber skændes om, hvilken præstation der bør præsenteres først. Forberedelserne bliver imidlertid forvirret ved en meddelelse fra hushovmesteren. Middagen for de samlede gæster har varet længere end planlagt. Derfor skal begge forestillinger finde sted samtidig. De er bestilt og betalt. Forestillingerne må ikke løbe et minut senere end planlagt, trods den sene start, siden der klokken ni er fyrværkeri i haven. Først og fremmest nægter den hidsige unge komponist at diskutere ændringer i sin opera. Men hans lærer, musikmesteren, påpeger, at hans løn afhænger af, at han accepterer situationen, og råder ham til at være forsigtig, og Zerbinetta anvender al sin charme på ham, så han taber sine indvendinger. Hun og de andre sangere er alligevel vant til at improvisere og det skal nok gå. Komponisten realiserer, hvad han har indvilget i fuld af fortvivlelse, og stormer ud. 2. Operaen. Der gøres forsøg på at opmuntre Ariadne (*) der er blevet forladt af sin tidligere elsker Theseus på øen Naxos. Hun har kun selskab af nymferne Najade, Dryade og Echo. Ariadne beklager sin skæbne, sørger over sin tabte kærlighed og længes efter døden. Zerbinetta og hendes fire ledsagere fra den burleske gruppe kommer ind og forsøger at opmuntre Ariadne ved at synge og danse, men uden succes. I et vedvarende og blændende stykke koloratur fortæller Zerbinetta prinsessen, at hun skal lade fortid være fortid, og insisterer på at den enkleste måde at komme over et knust hjerte er at finde en anden mand. I et komisk indslag forfølger hver af klovnene Zerbinetta. Til sidst vælger hun Harlequin, en bariton, og de to synger en kærlighedsduet sammen, mens de andre klovne udtrykker frustration og misundelse. Nymferne annoncerer ankomsten af en fremmed på øen. Ariadne mener, at det er Hermes, dødens budbringer, men det er guden Bacchus, som er flygtet fra en troldkvinde. I starten forstår de ikke deres fejlagtige identifikation af hinanden. Bacchus bliver til sidst forelsket i Ariadne, som er enig i at følge ham til dødens rige for at søge Theseus. Bacchus lover at sætte hende i himlen som en konstellation. Zerbinetta vender tilbage for at gentage sin kærlighedsfilosofi: Når en ny kærlighed kommer, har man intet andet valg end at give sig hen til den. Operaen slutter med en lidenskabelig duet sunget af Ariadne og Bacchus. (*) Ariadne, prinsesse på Kreta, hjælper Theseus, der sammen med andre unge fra Athen skal ofres til Minotaurus i labyrinten i Knossos. Hun giver ham et garnnøgle og et sværd. Theseus dræber Minotaurus. På flugten fra Kreta efterlader Theseus den forelskede Ariadne på øen Naxos. Dirigent og instruktør Dirigent: Daniel Harding Daniel Harding er britisk dirigent. 17 år gammel samlede Harding en gruppe musikere til at opføre Pierrot Lunaire af Arnold Schoenberg og sendte et bånd af forestillingen til Sir Simon Rattle. Efter at have lyttet til dette bånd hyrede Rattle Harding som sin assistent til Birmingham Symphony Orchestra i et år. Han har også været assistent for Claudio Abbado ved Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra. I 1996 var han den yngste dirigent nogensinde for The Proms. Han har siden været dirigent flere steder. Han gennemførte åbningsaften 2005 på La Scala, Milano i Idomeneo, som en erstatning i forbindelse med Riccardo Mutis afgang tidligere i 2005. Harding har siden dirigeret rundt om i verden. I januar 2018 meddelte Orchestre de Paris, at Harding skal være den nye ledende dirigent efter slutningen af 2018-2019 sæsonen. Instruktør: Sven-Eric Bechtolf Sven-Eric Bechtolf er tysk skuespiller, teater- og operainstruktør. Han har sin uddannelse fra Salzburger Mozarteum. I 2000 var Zürichs nye produktion af Alban Bergs Lulu hans første værk som operainstruktør. Ved Vienna State Opera instruerede Bechtolf Richard Strauss Arabella. På Zürich Opera House iscenesatte Bechtolf mellem 2006 og 2009 de tre da Ponte operaer af Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart dirigeret af Franz Welser-Most. Stod også for en ny produktion af Richard Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen i Wien State Opera mellem 2007 og 2009. I 2011 var Bechtolf instruktør for Salzburg Festival under direktøren Alexander Pereira. Han blev anset for Pereiras foretrukne kandidat. Efter at Pereira i 2014 bad om opsigelse af sin kontrakt, for at blive direktør på La Scala i Milano, anmodede bestyrelse Bechtholf om at tage det overordnede ansvar for festivalen i 2015 og 2016. Sangere i de tre hovedpartier Prima Donna / Ariadne Emily Magee (sopran) Emily Magee er amerikansk sopran. I 1995 havde Magee sin operadebut på den lyriske opera i Chicago som Fiordiligi i Mozarts Cosi fan tutte. Hendes internationale debut kom i 1996 på Berlin State Opera, under ledelse af Daniel Baren- boim. Emily Magee hører i dag til blandt eliten
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