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The Transhumanism Handbook Newton Lee Editor The Transhumanism Handbook Newton Lee Editor The Transhumanism Handbook Editor Newton Lee California Transhumanist Party Los Angeles, CA, USA Institute for Education Research, and Scholarships Los Angeles, CA, USA ISBN 978-3-030-16919-0 ISBN 978-3-030-16920-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16920-6 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019, corrected publication 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland To peace, love, and freedom About the Book Modern humanity with some 5,000 years of recorded history has been experiencing growing pains, with no end in sight. It is high time for humanity to grow up and to transcend itself by embracing transhumanism. Transhumanism offers the most inclusive ideology for all ethnicities and races, the religious and the atheists, conservatives and liberals, the young and the old regardless of socioeconomic status, gender identity, or any other individual qualities. This book expounds on contemporary views and practical advice from more than 70 transhumanists in order to: (a) Present the whole picture of transhumanism from both secular and religious points of view. (b) Explain and demystify artificial general intelligence and superintelligence. (c) Offer practical advice on radical life extension and rejuvenation. (d) Explore the roles of blockchain and cryptocurrency in transhumanism. (e) Examine transhumanist economics, ethics, philanthropy, philosophy, and politics. Astronaut Neil Armstrong said on the Apollo 11 moon landing in 1969, “One small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.” Transhumanism is the next logi- cal step in the evolution of humankind, and it is the existential solution to the long-­ term survival of the human race. vii Contents Part I Brave New World of Transhumanism 1 Brave New World of Transhumanism ���������������������������������������������������� 3 Newton Lee 2 History of Transhumanism ��������������������������������������������������������������������� 49 Natasha Vita-More 3 The Boundaries of the Human: From Humanism to Transhumanism ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 63 José Luis Cordeiro 4 How Transhumanism Will Get Us Through the Third Millennium ���� 75 Kate Levchuk 5 The United States Transhumanist Party and the Politics of Abundance �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 89 Gennady Stolyarov II Part II Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Superintelligence 6 Beauty Is in the A.I. of the Beholder: Artificial and Superintelligence ������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 153 Newton Lee 7 The Sapient and Sentient Intelligence Value Argument and Effects on Regulating Autonomous Artificial Intelligence ������������ 175 David J. Kelley 8 Choices in a Mediated Artificial Super Intelligence Assisted World: The Future Before Us ������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 189 Kyrtin Atreides ix x Contents 9 The Upward Spiral of Inspiration in a mASI Assisted World: Where Root-­Cause Solutions Empower Positive Feedback Loops ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 215 Kyrtin Atreides 10 Creating Conversational AI Capable of Uncommon Range and Empathy, for the Betterment of Business and Humanity ������������ 227 Rob Lubow 11 Humanizing Machines ���������������������������������������������������������������������������� 233 Eleanor “Nell” Watson 12 Ethics and Bias in Machine Learning: A Technical Study of What Makes Us “Good” ���������������������������������������������������������������������� 247 Nicole Shadowen 13 Philosophical, Moral, and Ethical Rationalization of Artificial Intelligence ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 263 Mariana Todorova 14 Theopolis Monk: Envisioning a Future of A.I. Public Service ������������ 271 Scott H. Hawley 15 Hacking the Human Problem ���������������������������������������������������������������� 301 Julia A. Mossbridge Part III Super Longevity and Rejuvenation 16 In Search of Super Longevity and the Meaning of Life ���������������������� 313 Newton Lee 17 To Age, or Not to Age: That Is the Question ������������������������������������������ 355 Maria Entraigues Abramson 18 Drinking From the Air ���������������������������������������������������������������������������� 361 Joe Bardin 19 Transhumanism and Older Adult Quality of Life �������������������������������� 369 Jonathan Squyres 20 Are You Willing to Die for Reductionism? �������������������������������������������� 373 Michael R. Rose and Grant A. Rutledge 21 What Do We Need to Know to Treat Degenerative Aging as a Medical Condition to Extend Healthy Lifespan? �������������������������� 381 Ilia Stambler 22 Harnessing Nature’s Clues for Regeneration, Disease Reversion, and Rejuvenation ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 397 Ira S. Pastor Contents xi 23 Induced Cell Turnover and the Future of Regenerative Medicine ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 413 Jakub Stefaniak, Francesco Albert Bosco Cortese, and Giovanni Santostasi 24 Extending Healthy Human Lifespan Using Gene Therapy ���������������� 423 Elizabeth Parrish 25 How to Reach a Societal Turning Point on Life Extension ������������������ 431 Keith Comito 26 How to Organize a Moonshot Project for Amortality: Scientific, Political, Social and Ethical Questions �������������������������������� 455 Didier Coeurnelle 27 Taking Up the Cosmic Office: Transhumanism and the Necessity of Longevity ���������������������������������������������������������������� 465 Kali Carrigan Part IV Biohacking and Mental Health 28 Cyborgs and Cybernetic Art ������������������������������������������������������������������ 477 Newton Lee 29 My Transhumanist Story of Overcoming with LEGO ������������������������ 491 David Aguilar 30 Biohacktivism, Cyborgasm, and Transhumanism �������������������������������� 499 Rich Lee 31 The (R)Evolution of the Human Mind �������������������������������������������������� 503 Augusta L. Wellington 32 Transhumanism from the View of a Psychologist, Focusing on Mental Health Issues ���������������������������������������������������������� 507 Andjelka (Angie) Stones Part V Blockchain and Cryptocurrency 33 Transhuman Crypto Cloudminds ���������������������������������������������������������� 513 Melanie Swan 34 Transhumanism and Distributed Ledger Technologies ������������������������ 529 Calem John Smith 35 DoI-SMS: A Diffusion of Innovations Based Subsidy Minting Schedule for Proof-­of-­Work Cryptocurrencies ���������������������� 533 Janez Trobevšek, Calem John Smith, and Federico De Gonzalez-Soler xii Contents Part VI Art, Literature, and Films 36 In the Afterglow of the Big Bang: Science, Science Fiction, and Transhumanism ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 549 Judith Reeves-Stevens and Garfield Reeves-Stevens 37 Not in the Image of Humans: Robots as Humans’ Other in Contemporary Science Fiction Film, Literature and Art �������������������� 557 Sophie Wennerscheid 38 Jethro Knights—Human to Machine: A Hero We Love To Hate �������� 573 Chris T. Armstrong 39 Art and Transhumanism ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 583 R. Nicholas Starr 40 An Artist’s Creative Process: A Model for Conscious Evolution �������� 587 Dinorah Delfin Part VII Society and Ethics 41 Pragmatic Paths in Transhumanism ������������������������������������������������������ 605 Jeffrey Zilahy 42 Leave Nobody Behind: The Future of Societies ������������������������������������ 613 Amanda Stoel 43 Should We Genetically Engineer Humans to Live in Space? �������������� 619 Amanda Stoel 44 The Meme of Altruism and Degrees of Personhood ���������������������������� 623 Amanda Stoel 45 Charity in a Transhumanist World, and Our World Becoming So ���� 631 Stephen Valadez 46 Two-Worlds Theory: When Offline and Online Worlds Begin to Blur ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������
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