EAP148: Inventory of Archival Holdings in Jamaica

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EAP148: Inventory of Archival Holdings in Jamaica EAP148: Inventory of archival holdings in Jamaica Miss Nadine Hunt, York University, Canada 2007 award - Pilot project £11,023 for 8 months This project compiled inventories of original documentation published before 1800, currently in the possession of the Jamaica Archives, Roman Catholic Chancery’s Archive, University of the West Indies (UWI), Mona and the National Library of Jamaica (NLJ). At the Archives, the Manumission of Slaves, volumes 5 through 12 were digitised, and cover the period 1747-1778. The team compiled an inventory of approximately 150 items and 10 primary sources were digitised of the West Indies and Special Collection at the UWI, Mona. These documents cover the historical period 1493- 1800. At the Chancery, Father Gerard McLaughlin was responsible for organising the archive and creating finding aids for the various collections. Several burial, baptismal and marriage records were digitised. At the National Library of Jamaica, the team compiled an inventory of approximately 90 items and 12 primary sources were digitised. Further Information You can contact the EAP team at [email protected] SURVEY RESULTS EAP REFERENCE: EAP 148 RESEARCHER: NADINE HUNT TITLE: INVENTORY OF ARCHIVAL HOLDINGS IN JAMAICA DATE OF MATERIAL: c. 1600-1800 SCOPE OF PROJECT: A survey of 4 archives/libraries JAMAICA’S LEGAL STATUS: The Spanish Crown declared Jamaica as its colony in the late 1400s following its conquest of indigenous peoples. In 1655, English forces, in turn, captured Jamaica from the Spanish Crown, declaring Jamaica a colony of England. After a long period of British rule, Jamaica achieved its independence on 6 August 1962. 1. Jamaica Archives (JA) Location of Archives: Spanish Town, St. Catherine, Jamaica Date(s) of Material: c. 1655-present Scope and Structure: Materials are divided into 5 collections: public central, public local, statutory bodies, private, and ecclesiastical records. 1. Public central records are organized into two main groups, based on their office of origin: Administrative (Departments, Ministries and Agencies) and Legal (Courts of Law, although some court records are with the records from the Island Record Office). 2. Public local records consist of the surviving records of the Vestries, Municipal Boards, Parochial Boards and Parish Councils for seventeen parishes – St. Thomas-in-the-Vale, St. Catherine, St. James, Hanover, Trelawney, Kingston/St. Andrew, Westmoreland, Clarendon, St. Ann, St. Elizabeth, Portland, St. Thomas, St. Mary, Manchester, St. George, Port Royal and St. David. 3. Statutory bodies’ records, formerly semi-public consist of documents produced by or received from quasi-government bodies or agencies with statutory authority. 4. Private records include papers and other documents of individuals and organizations, which are donated to or stored at the Archives by persons/institutions because of their historical value and significance. These materials include letters, diaries, and photographs and plantation estate journals. 5. Ecclesiastical records consist of materials generated by the Anglican Church, the Presbyterian Church (now part of the United Church of Jamaica and the Cayman Islands), the United Congregation of Israelites, the Moravian Church, the Methodist/Wesleyan Church, Jewish Synagogues and the Society of Friends (Quakers). There are gaps in all the record series noted so the dates given are the covering periods of the records. There are no records for the Baptist and Roman Catholic Churches although there are some printed materials on these denominations. Language/Scripts: English, Spanish, French and Hebrew Creating Agencies: The Jamaica Archives & Records is a department of the Ministry of Information, Culture, Youth and Sports. It is governed by the Archives Act of 1982 and the Archives Regulations of 1988. Administrative history of the Archive: The Jamaica Archives & Records Department originated in 1955 with the establishment of an Archives section in the Island Records Office and with the appointment of Mr. Clinton Black as Government Archivist. Biographical history: In 1659, the Office of the Island Secretary was established in Spanish Town, also known then as St. Jago de la Vega. This office, specifically the Secretary’s Office of enrolments, served as the repository for all official documents related not only to government acts and pronouncements but also to notarised and civil documents filed by the free population of Jamaica, which then comprised of Europeans and some mixed-race and black people. Examples of notarised and civil documents deposited at the Island Secretary’s office include: property deeds, land patents, slave manumission registers, wills and last testaments. The Island Secretary was dissolved by 1879, and the newly formed Island Records Office (IRO) assumed responsibility of storing historical, legal and statistical records. By 1936, government authorities transferred the historical records derived from the law courts to the IRO, but little action was taken to organize them. Subsequently, these records were passed onto the Custody of the Institute of Jamaica in 1940, although they remained in Spanish Town. At the Institute, Clinton Black worked on these records, eventually he became the Institute’s Archivist. Ultimately, therefore, these materials formed the nucleus of the ‘Colonial Archives'. As a result of an initiative of the Institute, Sir Hilary Jenkinson, the then head of the Public Record Office, London visited Jamaica in 1950 to advise on the care of these records. In his subsequent report he recommended the appointment of an Archives Committee to plan for the establishment of an archival institution and the appointment of a government archivist. In 1953, the Archives Committee was appointed and plans were increasingly made to fully implement the 1879 Records Law. The Jamaica Archives remained a part of the Island Record Office until 1982 when the Archives Act, providing for modern archival legislation, was passed. This legislation established the role and functions of the Jamaica Archives which became a department in its own right. When responsibility for records management was added to the department in the late 1980s, and with the Government Records Centre established in Kingston, the name of the department was changed to the Jamaica Archives and Records Department. Conditions governing access to the Material: The records are open to the public. Physical conditions and storage of Material: The Jamaica Archives’ building was erected in 1962. Documents are stored on the 1st and 2nd floors. Documents are shelved on open metallic shelves and a binding and repair facility exists within the building. Existence of Finding Aids: There are finding aids for the five main collections: public central, public local, statutory bodies, private, and ecclesiastical records. Other Relationships: The Government Archivist oversees three units, which operate under the Jamaica Archives and Records Department. These units are the Archives Unit (also known as the Jamaica Archives), the Government Records Centre and the Audio Visual Archives Unit. The Centre and Visual Unit are located in Kingston. The Centre provides storage of records awaiting their final disposition in keeping with their retention schedules. This Unit also advises and assists government entities in organizing their records according to established principles and guidelines, conducts workshops and training sessions and coordinates the network of Government Records and Information Managers (G-RIM). The Audio Visual Unit houses audio and visual materials primarily from the collection of the former Jamaica Broadcasting Corporation. Interest in Future Digitisation: Yes Contact Person: Head of Archives Unit, Miss Racquel Stratchan (Acting) Government Archivist, TBA 2. University of the West Indies (UWI) Location of Archive: Mona, St. Andrew, Jamaica Date(s) of Material: c.1620-present Scope and Structure: The West Indies and Special Collection (WISC) consists of smaller collections: 1. Rare Book Collection, containing old and rare books and pamphlets. 2. Manuscript Collection, including diaries, estate journals, land transfers, letters, Ships' logs on the West Indies, literary manuscripts 3. West Indian Creative writings, which comprise of anthologies, novels, plays and poetry from the English-speaking 4. Map collection, contains rare and twentieth century maps 5. Microform Collection, includes official documents, manuscripts, periodicals and newspapers 6. University Collection, includes monographs, articles written or edited by University Staff. Publications by and about the University including official reports, newsletters. 7. MA, MPhil and PhD theses awarded by the UWI, it also includes theses deposited by non-UWI students. 8. Photographic records of the activities of the UWI at Mona 9. Newspaper clippings and other vertical file material The geographic coverage of the collections includes Jamaica, all other Caribbean islands, including the former British colonies of British Guiana (Guyana) and British Honduras (Belize). There are also materials on French Guiana and Suriname, and on the Caribbean Diaspora in Central and North America, Great Britain and Europe. Although English language materials dominate the collections, the WISC includes materials in all languages of the region, specifically French, Spanish and Dutch. These documents have been acquired through personal donations and by purchase at several auction houses, including Sotheby’s and Christie’s. Language/Scripts:
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