To Give the Key of Knowledge: United Methodists and Education, 1784-1976
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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 136 680 HE 008 735 AUTHOR- Elliott, T. Michael; And Others TITLE To Give the Key of Knowledge: United Methodists and Education, 1784-1976. INSTITUTION National Commission on United Methodist Higher Education, Nashville, Tenn. PUB DATE 76 NOTE 170p. AVAILABLE FROMOffice of Information and Publications, Board of Higher Education and Ministry, P.O. Box 871, Nashville, Tenn. 37203 EDRS PRICE MF-$0.83 HC-$8.69 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Church Related Colleges; Church Responsibility; *Church Role; Educational Opportunities; *Higher Education; *Private Colleges; *United States History IDENTIFIERS *United Methodist Church ABSTRACT The United Methodist Church has a long tradition in American higher education. Since 1784, 839 distinct institutions have been affiliated with.the United Methodist Church. Important to the United Methodist tradition are: education for all, regardless of social standing, ethnic identity, or gender; education that appropriately relates faith and reason;._education that_helps individuals make full use of their capabilities; education aimed at high standards of achievement. Several conclusions are drawn from the history of United Methodist action in higher education. First, thq sheer magnitude of that involvement is extraordinary. Secondly, the development of United methodist educational institutions paralleled the development of the country, moving west with the frontier and emphasized the provision of educational opportunity for all. Thirdly, the system was dynamic, always responding to the changing society it served. Closings, disaffiliations, and mergers with other institutions were natural events in the evolution of a stronger, more viable system of institutions. Continued evolution of the system is both natural and desirable. Chronological histories of all educational institutions identified as at some time affiliated with the United Methodist Church and its forebear churches in America are provided. (Author) *********************************************************************** Documents acquired by ERIC include many informal unpublished * materials not available from other sources. ERIC makes every effort * * to obtain the best copy available. Nevertheless, items of marginal * * reproducibility are often encountered and this affects ,the quality * * _Ofthe....Ricrofiche_and_hardcopy......reprod.uctions EBTC_makes available * * via the ERIC Document Reproduction Service (EDRS). EDRS is not * * responsible for the quality of the original document. Reproductions * * supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original. * *********************************************************************** To Give the Key ol United Methodists ani 1784-1976 *PERMISSION TO REPRC RIGHTED MATERIAL HAS T. Michael Elliott Diane Dillard 74;4:44.-&144.4_4±; Reno. 0. Loeffler TO ERIC AND OROANIZA Kent M. Weeks UNDER AGREEMENTS WIT/. STITUTE OF EDUCATION. DUCTION OUTSIDE THE OUIRES PERMISSION OF OWNER." A STAFF REPORT FOR ME NATIONAL COMMISSION ON t U S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION THIS 0OCUMF.NT HS BEEN REPRO. DUCED rXAC7LY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGIN. ATING IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DC NOT NECESSARILY REPRE. SENT OFFICIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY NATIONAL COMMISSION ON UNITED METHODIST HIGHER EDUCATION MEMBERSHIP PAUL HARDIN President, Drew University Chairman JAMES C. CORMAN ROBERT RANKIN U. S. Congressman, California Vice President, The Danforth Foundation AUGUST W. EBERLE ROY B. SHILLING, JR. Professor of Higher Education President, Hendrix College Indiana University JOHN R. SILBER LLOYD C. ELAM President, Boston University President. Meharry Medical College HARRY E. SMITH RICHARD C. GER HAN Executive Director, Society for Values Professor of Economics in Higher Education Baldwin-Wallace College ELMER B. STAATS THOMAS K. KIM Comptroller General of the United States President, McMurry College RALPH M.tANNER JOHN F. MURPHY Professorof History Executive Secretary, College and Birmingham-Southern College University Department, National CAROLYN WARNER Catholic Educational Association Superintendent of Public Instruction, WILLA B. PLAYER Department of Education, Arizona Director, Division of College Support, D. FREDERICK WERTZ U. S. Office of Education, Resident Bishop, West Virginia Area Department of Health, The United Methodist Church Education and Welfare STA F F T. MICHAEL ELLIOTT Executive Director I RENtE G. LOEFFLER KENT M. WEEKS Associate Director Associate Director DIANE DILLARD Assistant to the Director National Commission on United Methodist Higher Education Suite 925, 1808 West End Building Nashville, Tennessee 37203 3 615/329-9393 To Give the Key of Knowledge United Methodists and Education, 1784-1976 National Commission on United Methodist Higher Education NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE 4 Copyright ® 196 National Commission on United Methodist Higher Education Suite 925. 1808 West End Building Nashville, Tennessee This document is National Commission document CD-21. Until June, 1977. limited additional copies of this volume may be obtained by writing the Commission offices. After that time, requests should be addressed to the Office of Information and Publications. Board of Higher Education and Ministry. P.O. Box 871, Nashville, Tennessee 37203. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 8 PART ONE The Development of the United Methodist System of Educatidn 11 The United Methodist Tradition 13 The Evolving System 23 PART TWO Chronological Histories of Educational Institutions Affiliated with The United Methodist Church 33 Histories of Institutions Currently Related to The United Methodist Church 35 Histories of Institutions Formerly Related to The United Methodist Church and Still Operating 83 Histories of Institutions Once Related to The United Methodist Church and No Longer Operating 95 APPENDICES Appendix A. ChrOnology of Major Events of the-Development of The United Methodist Church: Flow Chart of the History of The United Methodist Church 141. Appendix 13, Statistical Tables 145 Appendix C. Contributors to Historical Researth 149 Bibliography 151 Index 153 THE NATIONAL COMMISSION ON UNITED METHODIST HIGHER EDUCATION The National Commission on United Methodist Higher Education was established by the Board of Higher Education and Ministry.of The United Methodist Church in January, 1975. The National Commission's work consists of five broad areas of investigation: 1; An analysis of church policy with respect to The United Methodist Church's involvement in higher education through related institu- tions, campus ministries. and the support services of the Board of Higher Education and Ministry. 2. An analysis of the environment in which higher education functions and in which it will function in the future, including social, eco- nomic, and demographic trends which will affect independent higher education and the church. 3. An analysis of public policy and legal issues related to institutional/ state and church/staie relationships. Alternative social goals for public policy will be examined along with strategies to implement such goals. 4. An analysis of institutional goals, problems, organizational relation- ships, support structures, and institutional health, including model- ing of effects of alternative church and public policies. 5. An analysis of the current system of campus ministries, including goals, problems, organizational relationships and support struc- tures. Recommendations based on these analyses will be developed for the appropriate constituencies including public policy makers, institutions, campus ministries, and church members and officials. Recognizing that many of the problems and concerns the National Com- mission will be addressing are not peculiarly United Methodist but in- volve all of independent and especially church-related higher education, an Interdenominational Advisory Croup to the National Commission was formed. The Interdenominational Advisory Group consists of staff from the following: 7- 6 African Methodist Episcopal Church National Catholic Education Assn. American Baptist Church National Council of Churches American Lutheran Church Presbyterian Church in the U.S. Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Southern Baptist Convention Christian Methodist Episcopal Church United Churches of Christ Lutheran Church in America. United Presbyterian Church, U.S.A. Lutheran Educational Conference of North America Representatives from the above denominations and organizations have committed their time to the work of the National Commission and are sources of information and insight. The National Commission is an extraordinary organization in several respects. First, the National Commission is a true ad hocracy, designed to self-destruct at the end of two and a half years. No resources will be expended to perpetuate either the Commission or positions for its staff. Second, the National Commission's charge was totally open-ended. There are no a priori conclusions or commitments to the status quo in United Methodist higher education with respect to either campus ministries or institutions. Even the Board of Higher Education and Ministry, the Com- mission's parent organization, has opened itself to examination and evaluation by the National Commission. Third, the National Commission staff are independent-minded generalists in higher education. They are committed to rigorous scholarship in the conduct of the various research studies and the formulation of the National Commission