DOCSLIB.ORG

Phylogenetic Analysis of Coccidian Parasites from Invertebrates: Search for Missing Links

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Phylogenetic Analysis of Coccidian Parasites from Invertebrates: Search for Missing Links ARTICLE IN PRESS Protist, Vol. 157, 173—183, April 2006 http://www.elsevier.de/protis Published online date 11 April 2006 ORIGINAL PAPER Phylogenetic Analysis of Coccidian Parasites from Invertebrates: Search for Missing Links Jana Kopecˇ na´ a,b, Milan Jirku˚ a,b, Miroslav Obornı´ka,b, Youri S. Tokarevc, Julius Lukesˇ a,b, and David Modry´ a,d,1 aInstitute of Parasitology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cˇ eske´ Budeˇ jovice, Czech Republic bFaculty of Biology, University of South Bohemia, Cˇ eske´ Budeˇ jovice, Czech Republic cAll-Russian Institute for Plant Protection, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation dDepartment of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Submitted September 23, 2005; Accepted February 13, 2006 Monitoring Editor: Frank C. Seeber Apicomplexan parasites represent one of the most important groups of parasitic unicellular eukaryotes comprising such important human parasites such as Plasmodium spp. and Toxoplasma gondii. Apicomplexan radiation as well as their adaptation to the parasitic style of life took place before the era of vertebrates. Thus, invertebrates were the first hosts of apicomplexan parasites that switched to vertebrates later in evolution. Despite this fact, apicomplexan parasites of invertebrates, with the exception of gregarines, have so far been ignored in phylogenetic studies. To address this issue, we sequenced the nuclear SSU rRNA genes from the homoxenous apicomplexan parasites of insects Adelina grylli and Adelina dimidiata, and the heteroxenous Aggregata octopiana and Aggregata eberthii that are transmitted between cephalopods and crustaceans, and used them for phylogenetic reconstructions. The position of the adelinids as a sister group to Hepatozoon spp. within the suborder Adeleorina was stable regardless of the phylogenetic method used. In contrast, both members of the genus Aggregata possess highly divergent SSU rRNA genes with an unusual nucleotide composition. Because of this, they form the longest branches in the tree and their position is variable. However, the genus Aggregata branches together with adelinids and hepatozoons in most of the analyses, although their position within the scope of this cluster is unstable. & 2006 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. Key words: Apicomplexa; Eucoccidiorida; Adelina; Aggregata; molecular phylogeny; SSU rDNA. Introduction The phylum Apicomplexa comprises important members of this phylum is important not only human parasites, such as Plasmodium spp., the from an evolutionary point of view, but also for causative agents of malaria, and Toxoplasma proper diagnosis and treatment of infections gondii, which is widely dispersed even in human caused by Apicomplexa. One of the main populations of developed countries. Therefore, problems influencing the accuracy of current our understanding of the relationships among apicomplexan phylogenetic analyses is an inap- propriate taxon sampling. While some apicom- 1 Corresponding author; plexan groups, such as coccidians from fax 42 541562266 vertebrate hosts, are well represented in data sets e-mail [email protected] (D. Modry´ ). for phylogenetic reconstructions, their relatives & 2006 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2006.02.005 ARTICLE IN PRESS 174 J. Kopecˇ na´ et al. parasitizing invertebrates have so far been largely The genus Aggregata Frenzel, 1885 was estab- ignored (Barta 2001; Jirku˚ et al. 2002; Morrison et lished 150 years ago to embrace digenetic al. 2004; Sˇ lapeta et al. 2003). parasites that are transmitted between cephalo- Apicomplexans are intracellular, largely non- pods and crustaceans (Dobell 1925). Merogonial flagellated organisms that are classified together development occurs in the intestine of crabs and with ciliates and dinoflagellates within the Alveo- shrimps and proceeds by gamogony and spor- lata. Apicomplexans are purely parasitic organ- ogony upon ingestion by a squid or octopus isms. Therefore, the transition from the predation (Gestal et al. 2002; Porchet-Hennere´ et al. 1981). to intracellular parasitism is probably the most The octopuses in Naples were so heavily infected striking feature in their evolution. It has been that Dobell (1925) complained about the impossi- suggested that this event occurred approximately bility to experimentally complete the life cycles at the time of the divergence of dinoflagellates due to the lack of uninfected definitive hosts. Ever and apicomplexans (Kuvardina et al. 2002; since, various Aggregata species have been Leander and Keeling 2003, 2004). The time of reported as a very frequent parasite of different further radiation of the phylum Apicomplexa is cephalopods in the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, placed in the Precambrian period, 800 Mya the Mediterranean, and other places (Gestal et al. (Escalante and Ayala 1995), when multicellular 2002; Porchet-Hennere´ et al. 1981; Sardella and organisms are supposed to have emerged. It Martonelli 1997). The family Aggregatidae Labbe´ , clearly predates the appearance of vertebrates grouping Aggregata spp. together with the genera and most likely that of invertebrates as well Merocystis Dakin, 1911 and Selysia Dubosq, (Lynch 1999). Since all currently known apicom- 1917, is traditionally classified within the suborder plexans are obligatory parasites, it is reasonable Eimeriorina (Dobell 1925; Gestal et al. 2005; Upton to assume that the ancestral lineages initially 2000). evolved in the invertebrate hosts, probably even In a first attempt to fill the gaps in our knowl- before the Cambrian explosion. It is generally edge about the phylogenetic position of cocci- accepted that the earliest apicomplexans are dians from invertebrates, we herein present results archigregarines (Leander et al. 2003). However, of phylogenetic analyses of members of the further evolution of main lineages within the order genera Adelina and Aggregata parasitizing arthro- Eucoccidiorida is unclear. Any quest for the pods and molluscs. ancestral forms of the main lineages should therefore be focused on the apicomplexans parasitizing terrestrial and aquatic invertebrate Results hosts. The absence of molecular data for any representative (!) of Eucoccidiorida from this group Two adelinid species that differ in their endogen- of hosts in phylogenetic analyses is alarming, as it ous development were selected: Adelina dimidiata may distort or at least conceal the correct Schneider, 1875, a typical intestinal parasite of relationships between the major apicomplexan insects (Fig. 1), and Ad. grylli Butaeva, 1996 with groups. Interestingly, vector-transmitted apicom- an extraintestinally located endogenous develop- plexans (Haemospororina, Adeleorina and Piro- ment (Fig. 2)(Sokolova et al. 1999). Furthermore, plasmorina) retain the sexual part of their life cycle two representatives of the genus Aggregata, in the invertebrate hosts, which suggests that namely Aggregata octopiana and Agg. eberthii, these heteroxenous parasites have evolved from both from Mediterranean cephalopods were also monoxenous apicomplexans of invertebrates included in this study. These coccidians are (Barta 1989). Members of the coccidian genera characterized by the formation of large, macro- Adelina and Aggregata, so far considered unre- scopically visible oocysts in the viscera of cepha- lated (Barta 2000; Upton 2000), have been lopods (Fig. 3), each containing hundreds of isolated from ecologically distant invertebrates, polyzoic sporocysts (Figs 4, 5). To establish the and used in this study. The genus Adelina Hesse, phylogenetic position of the above-mentioned 1911 comprises monoxenous apicomplexans species, we have sequenced their entire SSU usually parasitizing insects. Based on the pre- rRNA genes. When compared to other available sence of syzygy in their life cycle, adelinids are homologs, sequences of the genus Adelina were traditionally referred to as members of the order not exceptionally divergent, and their phylogenetic Adeleorina, which also comprises heteroxenous position was very stable in all constructed trees haemogregarines alternating between vertebrate (Figs 7, 8, and data not shown). In contrast, the and invertebrate hosts (Barta 2000). SSU rRNA genes of both Aggregata species had ARTICLE IN PRESS Phylogeny of Coccidian Parasites from Invertebrates 175 Figures 1—5. Representative morphology of oocysts of the studied taxa. 1. Exogenously sporulated oocyst of Adelina dimidiata from the feces of Scolopendra cingulata (Bar ¼ 30 mm). 2. In situ sporulated oocysts of Adelina grylli from the fat body of Gryllus bimaculatus (Bar ¼ 20 mm). 3. Macroscopic oocysts of Aggregata octopiana on the surface of dissected intestine of Octopus vulgaris (Bar ¼ 1 cm). 4. Micrograph of a single oocyst of Aggregata octopiana containing thousands of in situ sporulated sporocysts (Bar ¼ 200 mm). 5. Detail of sporocysts enclosing spirally coiled elongated sporozoites in a head-to-tail position (Bar ¼ 20 mm). an unbalanced nucleotide composition, shifted that the studied SSU rRNA gene is derived from towards a very low cytosine content. As shown in the oocysts of Aggregata (not shown). Figure 6, the SSU rRNA genes of Aggregata spp. For phylogenetic analysis, three different align- contain less than a half of cytosines compared to ments were constructed. Alignment I (1284 nu- the same genes in other coccidia. The nucleotide cleotides, see Methods for details) was used to Blast search identified a number of relatively high specify the position of the genera Adelina and matches from outside
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Review Article Diversity of Eukaryotic Translational Initiation Factor Eif4e in Protists
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation Comparative and Functional Genomics Volume 2012, Article ID 134839, 21 pages doi:10.1155/2012/134839 Review Article Diversity of Eukaryotic Translational Initiation Factor eIF4E in Protists Rosemary Jagus,1 Tsvetan R. Bachvaroff,2 Bhavesh Joshi,3 and Allen R. Place1 1 Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, 701 E. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA 2 Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contees Wharf Road, Edgewater, MD 21037, USA 3 BridgePath Scientific, 4841 International Boulevard, Suite 105, Frederick, MD 21703, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Rosemary Jagus, [email protected] Received 26 January 2012; Accepted 9 April 2012 Academic Editor: Thomas Preiss Copyright © 2012 Rosemary Jagus et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The greatest diversity of eukaryotic species is within the microbial eukaryotes, the protists, with plants and fungi/metazoa representing just two of the estimated seventy five lineages of eukaryotes. Protists are a diverse group characterized by unusual genome features and a wide range of genome sizes from 8.2 Mb in the apicomplexan parasite Babesia bovis to 112,000-220,050 Mb in the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum micans. Protists possess numerous cellular, molecular and biochemical traits not observed in “text-book” model organisms. These features challenge some of the concepts and assumptions about the regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes. Like multicellular eukaryotes, many protists encode multiple eIF4Es, but few functional studies have been undertaken except in parasitic species.
    [Show full text]
  • Characterization of Aminoacyl-Trna Synthetases in Chromerids
    Article Characterization of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases in Chromerids Abdoallah Sharaf 1,2, Ansgar Gruber 1, Kateřina Jiroutová 1 and Miroslav Oborník 1,3,* 1 Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic 2 Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11241, Egypt 3 Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 1 July 2019; Accepted: 28 July 2019; Published: 31 July 2019 Abstract: Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AaRSs) are enzymes that catalyze the ligation of tRNAs to amino acids. There are AaRSs specific for each amino acid in the cell. Each cellular compartment in which translation takes place (the cytosol, mitochondria, and plastids in most cases), needs the full set of AaRSs; however, individual AaRSs can function in multiple compartments due to dual (or even multiple) targeting of nuclear- encoded proteins to various destinations in the cell. We searched the genomes of the chromerids, Chromera velia and Vitrella brassicaformis, for AaRS genes: 48 genes encoding AaRSs were identified in C. velia, while only 39 AaRS genes were found in V. brassicaformis. In the latter alga, ArgRS and GluRS were each encoded by a single gene occurring in a single copy; only PheRS was found in three genes, while the remaining AaRSs were encoded by two genes. In contrast, there were nine cases for which C. velia contained three genes of a given AaRS (45% of the AaRSs), all of them representing duplicated genes, except AsnRS and PheRS, which are more likely pseudoparalogs (acquired via horizontal or endosymbiotic gene transfer).
    [Show full text]
  • Protistology an International Journal Vol
    Protistology An International Journal Vol. 10, Number 2, 2016 ___________________________________________________________________________________ CONTENTS INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC FORUM «PROTIST–2016» Yuri Mazei (Vice-Chairman) Welcome Address 2 Organizing Committee 3 Organizers and Sponsors 4 Abstracts 5 Author Index 94 Forum “PROTIST-2016” June 6–10, 2016 Moscow, Russia Website: http://onlinereg.ru/protist-2016 WELCOME ADDRESS Dear colleagues! Republic) entitled “Diplonemids – new kids on the block”. The third lecture will be given by Alexey The Forum “PROTIST–2016” aims at gathering Smirnov (Saint Petersburg State University, Russia): the researchers in all protistological fields, from “Phylogeny, diversity, and evolution of Amoebozoa: molecular biology to ecology, to stimulate cross- new findings and new problems”. Then Sandra disciplinary interactions and establish long-term Baldauf (Uppsala University, Sweden) will make a international scientific cooperation. The conference plenary presentation “The search for the eukaryote will cover a wide range of fundamental and applied root, now you see it now you don’t”, and the fifth topics in Protistology, with the major focus on plenary lecture “Protist-based methods for assessing evolution and phylogeny, taxonomy, systematics and marine water quality” will be made by Alan Warren DNA barcoding, genomics and molecular biology, (Natural History Museum, United Kingdom). cell biology, organismal biology, parasitology, diversity and biogeography, ecology of soil and There will be two symposia sponsored by ISoP: aquatic protists, bioindicators and palaeoecology. “Integrative co-evolution between mitochondria and their hosts” organized by Sergio A. Muñoz- The Forum is organized jointly by the International Gómez, Claudio H. Slamovits, and Andrew J. Society of Protistologists (ISoP), International Roger, and “Protists of Marine Sediments” orga- Society for Evolutionary Protistology (ISEP), nized by Jun Gong and Virginia Edgcomb.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded from the Uni- [76] and Kept Only the Best Match with the Delta-Filter Protkb [85] Databank (9/2014) Were Aligned to the Gen- Command
    Farhat et al. BMC Biology (2021) 19:1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-020-00927-9 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Rapid protein evolution, organellar reductions, and invasive intronic elements in the marine aerobic parasite dinoflagellate Amoebophrya spp Sarah Farhat1,2† , Phuong Le,3,4† , Ehsan Kayal5† , Benjamin Noel1† , Estelle Bigeard6, Erwan Corre5 , Florian Maumus7, Isabelle Florent8 , Adriana Alberti1, Jean-Marc Aury1, Tristan Barbeyron9, Ruibo Cai6, Corinne Da Silva1, Benjamin Istace1, Karine Labadie1, Dominique Marie6, Jonathan Mercier1, Tsinda Rukwavu1, Jeremy Szymczak5,6, Thierry Tonon10 , Catharina Alves-de-Souza11, Pierre Rouzé3,4, Yves Van de Peer3,4,12, Patrick Wincker1, Stephane Rombauts3,4, Betina M. Porcel1* and Laure Guillou6* Abstract Background: Dinoflagellates are aquatic protists particularly widespread in the oceans worldwide. Some are responsible for toxic blooms while others live in symbiotic relationships, either as mutualistic symbionts in corals or as parasites infecting other protists and animals. Dinoflagellates harbor atypically large genomes (~ 3 to 250 Gb), with gene organization and gene expression patterns very different from closely related apicomplexan parasites. Here we sequenced and analyzed the genomes of two early-diverging and co-occurring parasitic dinoflagellate Amoebophrya strains, to shed light on the emergence of such atypical genomic features, dinoflagellate evolution, and host specialization. Results: We sequenced, assembled, and annotated high-quality genomes for two Amoebophrya strains (A25 and A120), using a combination of Illumina paired-end short-read and Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) MinION long-read sequencing approaches. We found a small number of transposable elements, along with short introns and intergenic regions, and a limited number of gene families, together contribute to the compactness of the Amoebophrya genomes, a feature potentially linked with parasitism.
    [Show full text]
  • Catalogue of Protozoan Parasites Recorded in Australia Peter J. O
    1 CATALOGUE OF PROTOZOAN PARASITES RECORDED IN AUSTRALIA PETER J. O’DONOGHUE & ROBERT D. ADLARD O’Donoghue, P.J. & Adlard, R.D. 2000 02 29: Catalogue of protozoan parasites recorded in Australia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 45(1):1-164. Brisbane. ISSN 0079-8835. Published reports of protozoan species from Australian animals have been compiled into a host- parasite checklist, a parasite-host checklist and a cross-referenced bibliography. Protozoa listed include parasites, commensals and symbionts but free-living species have been excluded. Over 590 protozoan species are listed including amoebae, flagellates, ciliates and ‘sporozoa’ (the latter comprising apicomplexans, microsporans, myxozoans, haplosporidians and paramyxeans). Organisms are recorded in association with some 520 hosts including mammals, marsupials, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish and invertebrates. Information has been abstracted from over 1,270 scientific publications predating 1999 and all records include taxonomic authorities, synonyms, common names, sites of infection within hosts and geographic locations. Protozoa, parasite checklist, host checklist, bibliography, Australia. Peter J. O’Donoghue, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia; Robert D. Adlard, Protozoa Section, Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane 4101, Australia; 31 January 2000. CONTENTS the literature for reports relevant to contemporary studies. Such problems could be avoided if all previous HOST-PARASITE CHECKLIST 5 records were consolidated into a single database. Most Mammals 5 researchers currently avail themselves of various Reptiles 21 electronic database and abstracting services but none Amphibians 26 include literature published earlier than 1985 and not all Birds 34 journal titles are covered in their databases. Fish 44 Invertebrates 54 Several catalogues of parasites in Australian PARASITE-HOST CHECKLIST 63 hosts have previously been published.
    [Show full text]
  • Development of a Free Radical Scavenging Probiotic to Mitigate Coral Bleaching
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.02.185645; this version posted July 3, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. 1 Title: Development of a free radical scavenging probiotic to mitigate coral bleaching 2 Running title: Making a probiotic to mitigate coral bleaching 3 4 Ashley M. Dungana#, Dieter Bulachb, Heyu Linc, Madeleine J. H. van Oppena,d, Linda L. Blackalla 5 6 aSchool of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia 7 bMelbourne Bioinformatics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia 8 c School of Earth Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia 9 dAustralian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia 10 11 12 #Address correspondence to Ashley M. Dungan, [email protected] 13 14 Abstract word count: 216 15 Text word count: 16 17 Keywords: symbiosis, Exaiptasia diaphana, Exaiptasia pallida, probiotic, antioxidant, ROS, 18 Symbiodiniaceae, bacteria 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.02.185645; this version posted July 3, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. 19 ABSTRACT 20 Corals are colonized by symbiotic microorganisms that exert a profound influence on the 21 animal’s health.
    [Show full text]
  • Vorkommen Von Anaplasma Phagocytophilum Und Babesia Spp
    Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Tierärztlichen Fakultät der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Vorkommen von Anaplasma phagocytophilum und Babesia spp. in Rehwild (Capreolus capreolus), Damwild (Dama dama) und Muffelwild (Ovis musimon) in Deutschland von Melanie Christin König, geb. Kauffmann aus Gräfelfing München 2017 Aus dem Veterinärwissenschaftlichen Departement der Tierärztlichen Fakultät der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Lehrstuhl für Vergleichende Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie Arbeit angefertigt unter der Leitung von Priv.-Doz. Dr. Cornelia Silaghi Gedruckt mit der Genehmigung der Tierärztlichen Fakultät der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Dekan: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Reinhard K. Straubinger, PhD Berichterstatter: Priv.-Doz. Dr. Cornelia Silaghi Korreferent: Priv.-Doz. Dr. Bianka Schulz Tag der Promotion: 29. Juli 2017 Für Andreas Inhaltsverzeichnis V INHALTSVERZEICHNIS I. EINLEITUNG ..................................................................................... 1 II. LITERATURÜBERSICHT ............................................................... 4 1. Pathogene ............................................................................................. 4 1.1. Anaplasma phagocytophilum ................................................................ 4 1.1.1. Taxonomie ............................................................................................. 4 1.1.2. Vektor .................................................................................................... 5
    [Show full text]
  • Polyphyletic Origin, Intracellular Invasion, and Meiotic Genes in the Putatively Asexual Agamococcidians (Apicomplexa Incertae Sedis) Tatiana S
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Polyphyletic origin, intracellular invasion, and meiotic genes in the putatively asexual agamococcidians (Apicomplexa incertae sedis) Tatiana S. Miroliubova1,2*, Timur G. Simdyanov3, Kirill V. Mikhailov4,5, Vladimir V. Aleoshin4,5, Jan Janouškovec6, Polina A. Belova3 & Gita G. Paskerova2 Agamococcidians are enigmatic and poorly studied parasites of marine invertebrates with unexplored diversity and unclear relationships to other sporozoans such as the human pathogens Plasmodium and Toxoplasma. It is believed that agamococcidians are not capable of sexual reproduction, which is essential for life cycle completion in all well studied parasitic apicomplexans. Here, we describe three new species of agamococcidians belonging to the genus Rhytidocystis. We examined their cell morphology and ultrastructure, resolved their phylogenetic position by using near-complete rRNA operon sequences, and searched for genes associated with meiosis and oocyst wall formation in two rhytidocystid transcriptomes. Phylogenetic analyses consistently recovered rhytidocystids as basal coccidiomorphs and away from the corallicolids, demonstrating that the order Agamococcidiorida Levine, 1979 is polyphyletic. Light and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the development of rhytidocystids begins inside the gut epithelial cells, a characteristic which links them specifcally with other coccidiomorphs to the exclusion of gregarines and suggests that intracellular invasion evolved early in the coccidiomorphs. We propose
    [Show full text]
  • Wednesday Slide Conference 2008-2009
    PROCEEDINGS DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY PATHOLOGY WEDNESDAY SLIDE CONFERENCE 2008-2009 ARMED FORCES INSTITUTE OF PATHOLOGY WASHINGTON, D.C. 20306-6000 2009 ML2009 Armed Forces Institute of Pathology Department of Veterinary Pathology WEDNESDAY SLIDE CONFERENCE 2008-2009 100 Cases 100 Histopathology Slides 249 Images PROCEEDINGS PREPARED BY: Todd Bell, DVM Chief Editor: Todd O. Johnson, DVM, Diplomate ACVP Copy Editor: Sean Hahn Layout and Copy Editor: Fran Card WSC Online Management and Design Scott Shaffer ARMED FORCES INSTITUTE OF PATHOLOGY Washington, D.C. 20306-6000 2009 ML2009 i PREFACE The Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Pathology has conducted a weekly slide conference during the resident training year since 12 November 1953. This ever- changing educational endeavor has evolved into the annual Wednesday Slide Conference program in which cases are presented on 25 Wednesdays throughout the academic year and distributed to 135 contributing military and civilian institutions from around the world. Many of these institutions provide structured veterinary pathology resident training programs. During the course of the training year, histopathology slides, digital images, and histories from selected cases are distributed to the participating institutions and to the Department of Veterinary Pathology at the AFIP. Following the conferences, the case diagnoses, comments, and reference listings are posted online to all participants. This study set has been assembled in an effort to make Wednesday Slide Conference materials available to a wider circle of interested pathologists and scientists, and to further the education of veterinary pathologists and residents-in-training. The number of histopathology slides that can be reproduced from smaller lesions requires us to limit the number of participating institutions.
    [Show full text]
  • Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens at the Interplay of Game and Livestock
    University of Neuchâtel Faculty of Sciences Institute of Biology Laboratory of Eco-Epidemiology Ticks and tick-borne pathogens at the interplay of game and livestock animals in South Africa Thesis presented to the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Neuchâtel for the Degree of Doctor of Sciences by Mirko Berggoetz Members of the Jury: Prof. Lise Gern (Thesis Director); Prof. Patrick Guerin (University of Neuchâtel); Prof. Lorenza Beati (Southern University, Georgia); Prof. Kurt Pfister (University of Munich); Dr Heinz Sager (Novartis Saint-Aubin) Index 1 Abstract .............................................................................................................................. 9 2 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 13 2.1 Tick biology ................................................................................................................ 13 2.1.1 Rhipicephalus species ......................................................................................... 16 2.1.2 Amblyomma species........................................................................................... 18 2.1.3 Hyalomma species ............................................................................................. 19 2.1.4 Haemaphysalis species ....................................................................................... 19 2.1.5 Ixodes species ....................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Studies on Coccidian Oocysts (Apicomplexa: Eucoccidiorida)
    Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ISSN: 0103-846X [email protected] Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária Brasil Pereira Berto, Bruno; McIntosh, Douglas; Gomes Lopes, Carlos Wilson Studies on coccidian oocysts (Apicomplexa: Eucoccidiorida) Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária, vol. 23, núm. 1, enero-marzo, 2014, pp. 1- 15 Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária Jaboticabal, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=397841491001 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Review Article Braz. J. Vet. Parasitol., Jaboticabal, v. 23, n. 1, p. 1-15, Jan-Mar 2014 ISSN 0103-846X (Print) / ISSN 1984-2961 (Electronic) Studies on coccidian oocysts (Apicomplexa: Eucoccidiorida) Estudos sobre oocistos de coccídios (Apicomplexa: Eucoccidiorida) Bruno Pereira Berto1*; Douglas McIntosh2; Carlos Wilson Gomes Lopes2 1Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro – UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil 2Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro – UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil Received January 27, 2014 Accepted March 10, 2014 Abstract The oocysts of the coccidia are robust structures, frequently isolated from the feces or urine of their hosts, which provide resistance to mechanical damage and allow the parasites to survive and remain infective for prolonged periods. The diagnosis of coccidiosis, species description and systematics, are all dependent upon characterization of the oocyst. Therefore, this review aimed to the provide a critical overview of the methodologies, advantages and limitations of the currently available morphological, morphometrical and molecular biology based approaches that may be utilized for characterization of these important structures.
    [Show full text]
  • Populations in South Africa
    © University of Pretoria Prevalence of Babesia species and associated ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in captive cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) populations in South Africa By Habib Golezardy Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirments for the degree of Philosophiae Doctor in the Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Pretoria 2011 © University of Pretoria This work is dedicated to all those who have laboured before me and to those who endurced my many moods while I composed. Without their wisdom, perseverance, patient, and understanding, this study would not have been possible. I present this work to our peers and students, who continually challanged me to learn, to rethink, and to explain My efforts were inspired by my love of the God; my father, mother and sister and my profession. i © University of Pretoria Declaration Apart from the assistance received that has been reported in the acknowledgements and in the appropriate places in the text, this thesis represents the original work of the author. No part of this thesis has been presented for any other degree at any other university. Candidate …Habib Golezardy………… Date.....February 2012……. ii © University of Pretoria Summary Prevalence of Babesia species and associated ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in captive cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) populations in South Africa By Habib Golezardy Supervisors: Prof. B.L. Penzhorn Co-supervisors: Prof. I.G. Horak and Prof. M.C. Oosthuizen Due to prevailing environmental and climatic conditions South Africa hosts one cheetah subspecies (Acinonyx jubatus jubatus) and a wide range of tick-borne protozoa such as Babesia. Blood samples collected from 143 cheetahs at four study sites, namely the Ann van Dyk Cheetah Breeding Center-De Wildt (Brits and Shingwedzi), the Cheetah Outreach and the Hoedspruit Endangered Species Centre, were examined for Babesia infection.
    [Show full text]