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The tudeE Magazine: 1883-1957 John R. Dover Memorial Library

1949 Volume 67, Number 12 (December 1949) James Francis Cooke

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Recommended Citation Cooke, James Francis. "Volume 67, Number 12 (December 1949)." , (1949). https://digitalcommons.gardner-webb.edu/etude/68

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Mario Lanza: I Learned to Sing by Accident

DECEMBER, 1949 PRICE 30 CENTS J. S. BACH The Old World’s Great Musical Performances NOW FLAWLESSLY ETCHED

ON C A P I T O L RECORDS

TELEFUNKEN! That name has long Thor Johnson, conductor of ter, who died September 8, at his sounded the note for the great music of the the Cincinnati Symphony Orches- home in Garmisch, , world. Music conducted and performed by tra, has scheduled four world aged 85. premieres throughout the present foremost artists —recorded at all three Peabody Conservatory, in Europe’s season. These will include Eric De Baltimore, began its Chopin Memo- speeds with a fidelity that makes your living Lamarter’s “Cluny”; David Dia- rial Festival on October 21 with mond’s “The Enormous Room”; a great concert hall. an all-Chopin program by the room Aaron Avshalomofl’s Symphony English pianist, Solomon. Later No. 2; and James G. Heller’s masterful in the season Chopin’s two piano For now, Capitol has etched these Rhapsody for Orchestra. In addi- concertos are to be presented by Telefunken performances, as well as other tion, Ralph Vaughan Williams’ the Baltimore Symphony Orches- Concerto for Two Pianos and Or- Long-Playing Microgroove Non- tra. classics, on chestra, and Carlos Chavez’ “Toc- The New Friends of Music breakable 33M rpm Records. Now you may hear cata for Percussion Instruments” opened its fourteenth New York will be given U. S. premiers. symphonies and choral works —classic and season on October 30, with a con- Igor Buketoff, musical direc- cert in which the participants were modern — in an uninterrupted tapestry of sound. tor and conductor of the Fort the Saidenberg Little Symphony Wayne (Indiana) Philharmonic and Hortense Monath. distin- How else can you hear Igor Stravinsky conduct- Orchestra, will conduct the New guished pianist. the Berlin Symphony Orchestra in The Card York Philharmonic-Symphony Or- ing The Cincinnati Music-Drama chestra in five of the eight Young or listen raptly as Willem Mengelberg Guild, organized last season espe- Game — People’s Concerts to be given in cially for a performance of Vittorio conducts the Amsterdam Concertgebouw this season. Giannini’s “Blennerhasset,” will Orchestra performing Ein Heldenleben?— Hear Ernest Bloch’s new “Concerto this season present Vaughan Wil- Symphonic” for piano and or- liams’ pastoral , “Shepherds Max Thurn as he directs the State chestra, received its first perform- of the Delectable Mountains,” Opera Choir and Orchestra in a thrilling inter- ance on September 3, at the Edin- Kurt Weill’s “Street Scene,” and burgh Festival, with the British Benjamin Britten’s “Albert Her- pretation of Bruckner’s Mass in E Minor, and Broadcasting Corporation Scottish ring.” evening after evening of other soul-stirring Orchestra, directed by the com- New singers announced to be and Corinne Lacomble as performances by the Old World’s musical greats. poser heard with the soloist. The work was given its Company this season include Elisa- British premiere on September 6 betta Barbato, , and with the Philharmonic Lois Hunt, sopranos; Eugene

Ine Orchestra. Conley and Peter Klein, tenors; 1 enchantment of Christmas is piano is higher, but the abiding gloriously mirrored in your child’s advantages are so great that in The Dra-Mu Opera Com- Paul Schoeffler, Ferdinand Frantz, eyes. You can keep that enchant- terms of true value, a Steinway is pany, an all-Negro group which, and Enzo Mascherini, , ment bright by helping her look the most economical of all pianos. for the last four years, has been and Denis Harbour, bass. A new at life through music. And you And you will always have the presenting opera in , conductor will be Jonel Perlea. can start this Christmas — with a satisfaction of having yielded to opened its fifth season on October Steinway. Mary Garden arrived in the your finest impulse. The Steinway’s 24, with an English version of on September 28, Is the Steinway the one piano golden voice and magnificent pres- Offenbach’s “Tales of Hoffman.” her first visit here since her re- you should buy? Those families ence are among the reasons why tirement in 1932. She is appearing who own the Instrument of the you will declare this the wisest of The Metropolitan Opera Immortals would be in a number of cities on a speak- the first to investments — for your children, Company opened its sixty-fifth answer “Yes!” And their ing tour. verdict and for yourself. For our helpful season on November 21, with would be echoed by the nation’s booklet, to uses the Steinway exclusively, as does virtually every great artist to- “How Choose Your ’ “Der Rosen- Gary Graffntan, young Amer- CASADESUS leading music schools, which are Piano,” write to Steinway Abram, Bartlett & Robertson, Bates, Brailowsky.Curzon, Elman, Foster, Horowitz, & Sons, kavalier.” Intended originally as ican pianist, has been selected as day: equipped with Steinway Magaloff, Phillip, pianos. Steinway Hall, 109 W. 57th Street, Jonas, Kapell, Kitain, Krueger, Landowska, Artur Rubinstein, a tribute to honor the foremost the ninth annual winner of the The initial cost of owning this New York N. Stokowski, Uninsky, and many more. . . . Over 1000 19, Y. Schnabel, Serkin, Stern, music living opera composer, the event Leventritt Award, which carries schools and music departments of leading colleges use the Steinway Illustrated took on the nature of a memorial with it appearances with several is the superb Early American. Terms to suit your individual convenience. Your tribute to the great German mas- leading symphony orchestras. local listed in the classified telephone directory. Steinway representative is STEINWAY THE INSTRUMENT OF THE IMMORTALS

ETUDE DECEMBER 1949 1 HOW MOM AND POP BOUGHT MY NEW PIANO...

Composers of today CHOOSE BALDWIN MUSICAL M ISCELLANY By Nicolas Slonimsky

Have you ever heard Atauos by course, represented by an ascend- “Eh bien, maestro! Tonight we

Lednah? The ing scale or arpeggio. The fall » are playing the second act of ‘Wil- Etius by l Trazom or r >f~>rM When they stopped at the piano store, the dealer physical spiritual, is names of these composers are not or showm by liam Tell.’” “Tout entier?” re- showed them a new kind of spinet piano. an intervalic drop over an Ir delight. to be found in any music diction- octave. Go torted Rossini with feigned

back- f is is *- ary, but if you read them r if Ex. 5 wards, you will find that Trazom A young composer sent his first ro geh - en Handel. is Mozart, and Lednah is a - stray published composition to Rossini. Gleich wie der Reg - en und is sonata, and Etius is a appreciation, Rossini sent him a Atanos a Just as tho rain and In suite. An Atauos by Trazom is sim- portrait of himself, inscribed. “To is expressed by alternately ascend- recording of a Mozart sona- equal in musical proficiency.” ply a ing and descending intervals. my As a “Isn’t this ta, re-recorded backwards. Schnee von Him - mol f U lit A friend asked Rossini: result, the cadences become plagal snow from heav • en fall rather strong, maestro?” “Not at Ex. 13 and the whole harmony assumes a all,” replied Rossini. “I really un- fascinating modal character. Mau- derstated the case. Don’t you see, Be -den ke dies: Bald zur rice Hoffman of Manchester, New Now to I no longer compose anything. Think of this: from - sin He had Pop lift one end. What a change Hampshire, manufactures these Ich ver Anyone who writes music is at I am sink our heavy, old upright! “records in reverse” as a hobby. i} least my equal in industry, if not Modern composers might derive my superior.” - zur Lin ken some interesting ideas from such • Recht en, bald * * « the right, now to the left experiments. ir.g in -to deep miro A definition of Relative Minor, # « # as reported in “The Musical Stand- This method of intervalic illus- Lovers of Bach seldom realize Ex. 7 ard” of February 1, 1864: “A tration (which was not invented that besides his greatness as a pretty cousin, aged eighteen.” by Bach hut was adapted by him builder of absolute musical values, * * * from earlier uses) emphasizes the he was an amazing musical illus- It is always a fascinating pas- effective utilitarian technique of trator. In his vocal works, Bach time to trace the original inspira- and his predecessors. sets the words of the text to music Bach tion of popular baUads. Charley listener did not have to hear quite literally. I fall at your feot The White, the old-time Negro min- all the words to understand the The word “far” is rendered by strel, claims to have traced the Then played it. Mm-m-m! When we could Anguish and sickness are ex- phrase itself Mom a wide interval, such as meaning. The melodic origin of “The Arkansas Trav- a minor get tone like that in a lighter piano, it was a deal. pressed by chromatics in which the conveyed at least the general idea eler”. Ex. I feeling of key is abandoned, mak- of the text. The NEW YORK SUN of April this method was Unfortunately, 27, 1901, quotes Charley White as Ex. 8 vocal writing by Kommt es doch so weit! So fer - ne abandoned in follows: “The famous traveler It comes so far! So diet - act ...Dad says it has a "backbone" of Aluminum! later composers, particularly in known as the Arkansas Traveler is Kron’ with the result that it be- stop in at your piano dealer’s, he sure to see one ninth; the word “remain” is ex- und Grab Staub, Asch und Erde opera, no myth but breathes and has his Next time you Crown and grave Dust, ashes and earth impossible to of the handsome, new spinets equipped with an Alcoa Aluminum pressed by a long sustained note; came practically being in that state. renowned composers prefer Plate. Open the top and look inside. Its aluminum “backbone” guess what the singers were sing- “The traveler lives in Little Ex. 2 makes the piano up to 100 pounds lighter than a conventional spinet Ex. 0 ing in operatic ensembles. Rock and may be seen every day string load. the Baldwin for the same qualities which make Baldwin . . . with more than enough strength to carry the 18-ton Members of the chorus in pro- on the streets of the town indulg- Lift or move one end of the piano. You can feel the difference that choice vincial opera companies often take ing his taste for music and story- makes it so much easier to rearrange a room. Then listen^ to the the of so many of today’s great pianists, conductors, It re mains I am very full, rich tone of the piano. When you can get such fine musical ill and weak — advantage of the unintelligibility telling. He is known as Col. Sandy performance in a lighter piano, you’ve made a discovery! Aluminum instrumentalists, singers, and music organizations. of the words, and sing gibberish. Faulkner. He was born in Ken- Company of America, 652M Gulf Building, Pittsburgh 19, Penn- On one occasion, a jocular chor- tucky in 1804. In 1832 he went to durchdies-es Jam ... mer sylvania. I am waiting for from this it! I stand firm! sick - . , ness ister devised a set of words com- Arkansas and became acquainted Let the considered opinion of these experts be the phrase plaining against the low pay, all with Walter Wright, the original “I stand firm” is illus- trated by sung to the familiar strains of a squatter in the song.” your guide in selecting a piano for your own use. a repeated note. The famous opera, and accompanied # * * upward movement is, of by expressive gesticulation. A society dandy, whose accom- See your Baldwin dealer today. Ex. Aberach! 3 Ich ar - • mer Mensch! me! He received his reward: when plishments in the field of polo were Ah, woe is me!— Ah the impresario found out what the notable, was an amateur pianist

Steh auf, steh auf! Steh auf, 6teh auf! gentlemen of the chorus were sing- who liked to regale his social Get up, Ex. li get up! Get up, get up! ing, he granted a salary raise. equals with samples of his playing. Ex. 4 * * * He once played some Chopin at a pSialdtotn where Paderewski was Wenn es — den— Tod, den_Tod er_ legt Rossini’s opera “William Tell” gathering Wir When death geh'n hin auf, wir comes, when death comes was seldom performed in its en- the guest of honor. We’re go ing- up, we’re THE BALDWIN PIANO COMPANY, CINCINNATI, OHIO tirety. When the Opera an- “What do you think of him?” ing the almost atonal. phrase sound nounced a performance of the sec- someone asked Paderewski. BALDWIN ACROSONIC • HAMILTON S, HOWARD PIANOS • BALDWIN ELECTRONIC ORGANS Similar chromatics the accompany ond act of “William Tell,” a direc- “Here is a dear soul who plays

geh'n hin - idea auf, wir geh’n - of going astray losing hin auf! and tor of the Opera, meeting Rossini polo,” Paderewski replied, “and I go - ing_ up we’re, go- ing up! one’s wr ay. The process thinking of on a Paris boulevard, exclaimed, am a mere Pole who plays solo.”

2 ETU DE-DECEMBER 1949 ETVDE-DECEMBER 1949 O Coming in January... ETUDE the music magazine Too Seriously Don't Take Your Music Founded 1883 by THEODORE PRESSER by Alec Templeton V0 CO.. Philadelphia, Pa. ' THEODORE PRESSER Templeton points PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY From Bach to Debussy, Mr. Offices. Bryn Mawr, Pa. Editorial and Advertising omeS out, the greatest masters have used the light C^liristmcLd c, Templeton, our greatest touch on occasion. Mr. Editor-in-Chief Dk. James Fkancis Cooke, musical satirist, also is a sensitive, thoughtful Briggs, Managing Editor pianist. His stimulating John musician and a top-flight Editor Dorothy F. Garretson, Associate article makes clear the difference between being turn to song. McCoy, Assistant Editor When Christmas comes the whole wide word just seems to being merely pedantic. Guy earnest and Music Editor J. Ciees McKray, W. Gehrkens Guy Maier people everywhere join in the wondrous throng Harold Berkley Nicholas Douty Karl And happy MAURICE DUMESNIL ELIZABETH Gfisr Put Yourself in the Student's Place by Esther Rennick RRuth En a ns BuHMAN William D. Revelli Wilfrid Pelletier Alexander McCurdy gladsome light The teacher’s job is to teach—and something To greet the baby King of love, and peace, and more. Information must be conveyed in a form might. that the child’s mind can readily grasp. Miss Who rules the hearts of all mankind, by kindness, not by Rennick offers practical advice on how this can CONTENTS FOR DECEMBER. 1949 be managed. And when the Christmas tree is lit, and tiny children sing FEATURES Page When Christmas Comes Janies Francis Cooke 5 Infant King, Schweisheimer Upon this glorious birthday of the little Doctors Can't Cure a Cold by Dr. W. Handbells—Ancient Art Revived Marion Harwood 6 for Christmas James Aldredge 8 cold is the musician’s worst enemy. Sing Ho The common Mario Lanza >* I Learned To Sing By Accident The world of hope within our hearts seems to he born again It is the leading cause of absenteesim in sym- Swing Into Your Tone Henry Levine 11 phony orchestras, opera houses, bands and Don’t Plan To Be A Conductor! Ernest Ansermet 12 Why Do We Call Them “Carols”? 13 brother-love, and joy unto all men. average musician loses three With courage, faith and church choirs. The It’s The Same Old Claque Hector Berlioz-Earl Wilson 14 or four days a year because of colds. For some Relax and Improvise Grace Castagnetta 18 What Is Your Vocal Problem? Rose Hampton 23 reason, more musicians catch cold on Monday This festival of giving and forgiving is sublime, than on any other day of the week. Don’t miss DEPARTMENTS hints how to avoid World of Music 1 Dr. Schweisheimer’s on (1) it is Christmas time? Miscellany Nicolas Slonimsky 2 For who in all the world can hate, when cold, what to do if you get one. Musical a (2) Teacher’s Round Table Maurice Dumesnil 16 B. Meredith Cadman 17 Music Lover’s Bookshelf those who seem to he in need, The New Records 17 Seek ye the grace of helping What Is Your Vocal Problem? by Ezio Pinza Violinist’s Forum Hurold Berkley 19 Your Band Play In Tune? James Neilson 20 starring in Does blessing of an open heart reveals the Master’s creed. The great Metropolitan basso, now Liberal Arts Are More Vital Than Ever George Howerton 21 The “South Pacific,” is third in the series of leading Questions and Answers Karl W. Gehrkens 22 Organ Practice and How To Get It Alexander McCurdy 24 artists to offer their counsel on vocal matters . . .' Maier 26 A Master Lesson On The Bach Sarabande. . Guy Sing all ye choirs of every laud, ring all ye helfrv towers, which have proved perplexing to ETUDE Voice Questions Nicholas Douty 50 53 readers. Organ Questions Frederick Phillips Junior Etude Elizabeth A. Gest 60 The miracle of Christmas joy, now once again, is ours. MUSIC Voices Aren't Made—They Grow by Elena Nikolaidi Classic and Contemporary Selections Contralto Elena Nikolaidi, whose Town Hall Sarabande and Bourrees Nos. 1 & 2 (From “English” Suite in A Minor) J. S. Bach 27 debut in 1949 immediately established her as By A Crystal Fountain F. King 31 Stanford James Francis Cooke among the leading singers of today, reveals the Dream Waltz Joseph M. Hopkins 32 — On Parade Mortimer Browning 33 technical principles on which her phenomenal singing is based. Vocal and Instrumental Compositions Angelus-Meditation (Organ) J. Sebastian Matthews 35 Rise Up, Shepherd, and Follow (Vocal) Arr. James Elmo Dorsey 36 Entr acte, “Rosamunde” (Violin-Piano) . .Schubert* Rissland 38 A Rhumba Serenade (Trumpet-Piano) This Month's Cover George Frederick McKay 40

Delightful Pieces “The Adoration of the Shepherds,” by Gior- for Young Players Deck The Hall (Welsh Copyright 1949 by James Francis Cooke Carol) .... . Arr. Ada Richter 42 gione (c. 1480-1510), is the best-preserved of Conte With Torches (French Carol) . Arr. Ada Richter 42 Little Russian Dance that master’s religious paintings. It was prob- . W. E. Robinson 43 The Ralloon Man ..Everett Stevens 44 painted between 1500 and 1510, when Mister Hop-Toad • ably . .Anne Robinson 44 The Drum Major . . Everett Stevens 45 Giorgione was still strongly influenced by Gio- Told At Twilight Elizabeth Hopson 46 vanni Bellini. From the collection of Cardinal Choral Composition Nowell picture passed to that of We Sing. . . Fesch in , the ANNUAL Donald E. Sellew 47 INDEX ... 62 Lord Allendale in London. It is now in the Kress Collection of the National Gallery of Art, Washington, D. C., and is here reproduced by permission of the National Gallery.

he Gu ‘ anaS Newfoundland. S4.00 * 3 ’ 25 a year ln Canada an<1 a year in all other s i r. be accompanied by return postage ; otherwise

5 4 ETUDE-DECEMBER 1949 ETUDE-DECEMBER 1949 ) —

Clappers of English Handbells are leather, shafts are protected by felt pads. Clapper of largest hell (cen- ter) also is felt-covered. Purity of hell- tone depends on design, proportion and quality of metal used. Bells are % cop- per, 14 tin. Thickness of lip equals 1/15 the hell’s diameter, 1/12 its height. Large bells are tuned by chipping in- side of mouth, to increase diameter and rim, to re- lower pitch ; or by chipping duce diameter and raise pitch. Handbells are tuned on a lathe. Intricate methods of filing to improve the tone are trade secrets of the foundries. Occasionally a “maiden” hell is cast one that is in tune without filing. These are as rare and highly prized as a Stradi- varius. Handbells require careful handling. If one is dropped and cracked, the whole hell must he recast. No one has yet found liow' to mend a cracked hell successfully. their first Mrs. Sliurcliff’s group practicing for a concert. The bell-ringers made in public appearance at a Boston church in 1946. Since then they have performed hospitals, public and private concerts and on the air. During one broadcast the clapper of a bell broke off, just missed shattering the glass control-room window.

standard changes are illustrated: Notation for change-ringing, Lines follow course of a single hell through changes. Two “ “Plain Boh,” “Stedham” and “Surprise. “Boh Major” (left) and Grandsire.” Other favorites are “Plain Course,”

ANCIENT ART REVIVER

By MARION HORWOOD

bells are Handbells were first mentioned in the ritual In notating a change, numbers of pitch of Osiris in ancient Egypt. The Bayeux Tap- used instead of notes. The highest bell in estry shows handbells being used in the burial is No. 1. procession of Edward the Confessor. Oxford Ringing societies (the oldest, the Ancient

University still uses handbells in funeral pro- Society of College Youths, goes back to 163 ( cessions. have a highly technical vocabulary. A bell Long popular in England, handbells cur- can be either “rung” or “chimed.” A “peal, rently are being popularized here by Mrs. however, is invariably rung. Peals may con- Margaret Shurcliff of Boston. Mrs. Shurcliff sist of as many as 5,000 rows of different and her group play hymns and carols on a changes in an orderly sequence, requiring set of 29 bells (two and a half octaves). three hours or more, according to the weight Mrs. Shurcliff also has mastered the old and number of the bells.

English art of change-ringing. To a devotee Mrs. Shurcliff was the first American change-ringing is the highest form of bell- woman to ring a peal of tower bells in Lon- ringing, though it means nothing to an un- don. The feat requires tremendous concen- trained listener. Change-ringers must have tration and coordination, and brings into concentration and a love for mathematics. play every muscle in the body. Mrs. Shurcliff The rules of change-ringing demand that also became the first woman member of the no bell move more than one place at a time, Ancient Society of College Youths. and that no combination of bells occur more On returning to Boston Mrs. Shurcliff be- (See photo.) than once. Each ringer must came bellringer at the Old North Church, know when to ring, and must know which where Paul Revere was ringing-master during bell precedes and follows his. the Revolution. In 1937 she organized the peal of bells is the full number A of changes New England Guild of Handbell Ringers. that can be rung on a set of bells. With two Many of her of wouldn’t seem Christmas in pupils have started groups Christmas bells, changes are possible two (1-2; 2-1.) their own. is without Mrs. Margaret Shurcliff and the number of bellringers Boston bells, 24 changes are handbell With four possible. constantly increasing. (left) and her enthusiastic Twelve bells increase the possible front of combina- The scientific is ringers, who are here shown in name for bellringing Street home. tions to 479,001,600. “Campanology.” Mrs. ShurelifFs Beacon

ETUDE-DECEMBER 1949 7 6 ETUDE-DECEMBER 1949 i>o fax

BEEN MUSIC AND ITS MAKERS HAVE LONG ASSOCIATED WITH THE OBSERVANCE OF YULE I Learned By James Alrlredge

With the presentation of “The Messiah for Not until Herr Gruber heard the throng Hospital benefits in London, A SINGER’S CHRISTMAS realize how the Foundling Sing of 10,000 Americans sing did he to his the composer was lifted into a blaze of glory. universal is the love for the carol which High-born men and women all sought to be grandfather, another Franz Gruber, had com- present and did not mind being packed like posed. Grandfather Gruber was the choir sardines into the narrow concert hall. Noble- director of the little church of St. Nicol in wives rushed to throw wide by Accident Oberndorf, Austria, where Father Joseph men and their composer, and the Royal Mohr was pastor. their doors to the favor. Handel was As the grandson heard that great chorus Family again beamed its lion of the hour. in , perhaps he thought of how differ- once more the ent was the first singing of “Silent Night.” BY MARIO LANZA Father Mohr wrote the words, and then, at AND HYMNS welcomed Mario Lanza home at the COFFEE, BUNS fiesta in ’s “Little Italy” hastily composed a A over his request, Franz Gruber Kiss’ . In front of the store time of the premiere showing of “That Midnight rats had eaten away the bellows to r.) Lanza 9 fatlie tune. But as As told to which the newly famous tenor was horn are gathered: (1. compos- Philadelphia s May oi A world-famous singer, on a concert tour, of' the little church organ, writer and (Mr. and Mrs. Coeozza), Mrs. Mario Lan^a, and mother Johnston. to be content with mandolin accompan- Jon Johnston), Mario Lanza, Jon could not get home to her native Sweden for er had James Francis Cooke Bernard Samuel, (Mrs. all alone, they sang the lovely, Christmas. It looked as if she would have a iment, when, Christmas Eve in 1818. lonely holiday. new carol on friend of hers Last August the American Legion met in wounded and incapacitated veteran of World But she learned that a good the bullets w'hizz many times. In those days a it prison- to spend Philadelphia for the largest encampment I, who captured the first German from Denmark was also forced hot Latin blood literally boiled in the streets War visitors decided to give a HE HEARD has ever held. It brought one million in the Argonne. My grandfather, Salvatore Christmas in Berlin. So she In Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, the Morav- and alleys, and no one knew what the day ers chosen by Metro- trucking to town. That was the week T Lanza, still conducts a grocery and party in his honor. THE ANGEL CHORUS ians always hold a “Love Feast” on Decem- would bring forth. I often wonder how I came dear Hans! ’ she insisted. Goldwyn-Mayer for the premiere of the mo- business at Seventh and Christian Streets, and “You must come, ber 24th. In the old church a -large congre- through it alive, as many innocent bystanders ’ at her hotel,, he tion picture, “, in which over his store that I was born. When the friend arrived gation gathers, and delicious buns and steam- were killed. Finally the police, the F.B.I., to- it was gay scene. The Kathryn Grayson and I were starring can sense the Italian s love found himself'the center of a ing cups of coffee are passed. Miss gether with the stable citizens, who composed Few Americans with lights, and in one cor- with and Jose Iturbi. Phila- It is the result of centuries of de- room was aiY.aze The service always includes music by choir the better part of the community, gained the for opera. the great Swedish delphia was chosen because the scene of the is in every Italian s blood. ner stood a Christmas tree and congregation. After the Christmas ser- upper hand. “Little Italy” is no longer a velopment. Opera r herself. Best of all was film was laid in Philadelphia where I w as told that in Italy around the opera singer had decorated mon of the bishop is delivered, lighted can- gangster’s paradise, but is filled with citizens I am bidding“dear Hans” wel- born January 21, 1922, at Seventh and Chris- push carts in the streets the chorus of voices dles are handed out and held aloft during the who love America and are so proud of their houses there are tian Streets in “Little Italy,” and the story of librettos just like peanut come. final hymn. citizenship that few of the younger genera- loaded with opera “Swedish nightingale” Jen- the film had some incidents of my youth. a ball park in America. The The hostess was For over two centuries this ceremony has tion, unfortunately, can speak Italian. stands around her guest? None other than Philadelphia’s “Little Italy” houses far more for baseball in our country is mild ny Lind. And been held at Bethlehem. It dates back to the While some 30,000 Legionnaires were enthusiasm Andersen, beloved writer people of Italian descent than most of the the Italian’s love for opera. Hans Christian year 1741, when Count von Zinzendorf ar- parading for twelve hours through Philadel- compared with fairy tales have perennial charm. cities in Italy itself. with an irrepressible yen whose rived in time for Christmas Eve worship. It phia’s streets, another celebration was occur- Scores of In the early 20s, at the height of the pro- opera have gone broke re- A servant, happening into his master’s was held in the settlement’s new log house, ring in “Little Italy.” The Mayor of Philadel- for producing hibition era, Philadelphia’s “Little Italy was study, was amazed to hear these words: part of which was used for cattle. “Because phia, Hon. Bernard Samuel, the president of peatedly. probably the roughest, toughest, most vicious opera enthusiast and “I did think I did see all Heaven before of the in Commerce, Ralph Kelly, and My father was a great GUEST FROM OVERSEAS day,” so an old diary tells, “and the Chamber of part of the United States. Gangsters, bootleg- collection of records of his favor- me, and the Great God Himself!” memory of the birth of our dear Saviour, we the chairman of the Chamber of Commerce, had a large it for a bat- gers, murderers, racketeers chose singers. I heard these from the time I could The master was in tears, and seemed went into the stable in the tenth hour and sang Arthur C. Kaufmann, together with other ite without a tleground. Hardly a day went past a clock tick. They were as much a carried away by some all absorbing ecstasy. with feeling, so that our hearts melted.” noted Philadelphians, took me in a motorcade first hear shooting. As a little boy in the streets I heard as spaghetti and chianti. It was September, 1741. George Frieder- The Moravians celebrated Christmas when down to my olcl home district, where a fiesta part of my life just hold Father used to buy his records at a store ich Handel had composed the “Hallel- it was still considered a pagan festival by was being held as only Italians can 27-year-old tenor from ujah Chorus” for his new oratorio, Mario Lanza, movies operated by a remarkable character known “The Mes- other Protestants. Music was also an integral fiestas, to celebrate my entrance to the over- Philadelphia, has become almost as Pop lannarelli. He was the Victor record siah.” part of their worship. Although carols weren’t in “That Midnight Kiss.” The streets were all the sacred night one of America’s best-known sing- friends. dealer in our district. He had an amplifier in Of music the composer wrote, popular in many churches in those early days, jammed with cheering neighbors and this chorus is probably the most has long-term contracts with after his vic- front of his store. When he put on a new sublime. these happy immigrants made the most of ers. He Rhadames in “,” returning Each Christmas season it is heard Arthur Jud- a more record, the whole neighborhood was turned in hun- them. When they began cutting logs for their RCA-Victor Records, with tory in Ethiopia, could not have had dreds churches. into an opera house. You could hear that am- of first settlement home, they even sang hymns son for concert appearances, and with boisterous welcome. It seemed incredible. Yet, when Handel wrote it, ragazzo plifier winter or summer three blocks away. his fortunes as they worked. Musicai instruments were Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. His most recent Only a few years ago I was a piccolo were at their lowest ebb. His money tvas street and the whole Nobody shouted “Stop that noise,” but gone, considered so necessary that men fashioned movie appearance was in “That Mid- playing around the now sung more im- he had been deserted by his friends at the as a hero. Do you won- “Bravo! Bis!” (Splendid! More! More!) “Silent Night” was never wooden trumpets from hollow' limbs. Later, night Kiss.” Next September Lanza will town was hailing me lannarelli took a great interest in me. than in Chicago a few years ago •royal court, his health was poor and he was they acquired der that I was so emotionally moved that I Pop pressively French horns, trombones, a his debut at in Milan, make operatic inspiration and from Austria was in the aud- nearly 60 years old. violin and wept with joy for three hours that night? He was a world of A special visitor an organ. As these immigrants with conducting. choir director of Undaunted, Handel set to work. In just immigrant father, Antonio Coc.ozza, was information. To be ( Continued on next page) ience. He was Franz.Gruber, 23 were natural singers and musicians, they My Cathedral. days the music was ready. the famous Salzburg found a rare joy in their religion. 9 ETVDE-DECEMBER 1949 O ETVDE-DECEMBER 19 19 Steinway of New York took me through the showed Accident factory at Steinway, Long Island. He I Learned to Sing by me with what care a fine piano was con- vocal woods, you I had had no training of structed. The meticulous selection of you may find as I did that on a passing rubbish day to that time, save boards and of ( Continued from page 9) smashed any kind up that metals, of felts, of sounding a voice. of career as a violinist really have with him was like being brought truck and my which was stored up in my sub- detail was the result of long scien- Read everything you can about every little stage of an opera house. was ended. conscious mind by hearing count- affectionate craftsmanship up on the all the intel- tific research. The as the voice and then use could reel off My parents looked upon me I had never thought to this. When I was ten, I in apply- less records. of the piano-makers all contributed the ligence at your command just incorrigible, for the loss of the the plots of fifty grand think that I could sing and sounds Finally, at the end of an exciting day’s tour, to your own case. I could $75.00 instrument came as a ca- ing it wing kid Swii average American coming from my throat in which as the aspirants do not that were he eventually brought me to the room Later, they that many vocal the baseball scores. I also lamity to the family. It was as though some- their instru- give you all-important col- amazed me. there were perfect specimens of school to study realize how much knew the principal arias of all sent me to the same pent up for years was now jokingly, “Now information can be gained thing ment. I said to the executive piano with no better results. At lateral these operas. When Pop Iannarelli rushing out like a mountain spent millions of dollars records, books and maga- watch! You have giub- least, however, I did not throw the from put on records of “Vesti la product and now 1 the best of teachers spring. Tone and years to develop the zines that even Your window. into or “Una furtiva lagrima,” I piano out the a ba” les- I was dazed. It seemed miracle ruin it.” I sat down and be- do not have time to take up in am going to out in goose pim- I did not even dream that I had seemed to break to me. I sang with Caruso records and ugly attacks, I picked up a sur- labored the keys with harsh voice until I was nearly sons. Somehow ples from head to foot. a singing taking time musical infor- incessantly, hardly to the piano, sensitive as it was, responded folks who are prising amount of and time I was just a twenty. Many young At the same eat or sleep. I had found my voice. not in the orthodox con- with ugly harsh sounds. interested in unable to afford a good teacher, mation, neighborhood kid hardly believe it. Even manner, but by tapping I could “Yes,” said the executive, “every piano, without the wait around bemoaning their fate servatory fun, spo.rts and not excited father came in performer. possible source and impress- when my good or bad, is at the mercy of the that shadows until it is too late. If I had done every inevitable mischief you have a great nearest open door. Wrap a towel By HENRY LEVINE and said, “Why, Go to the I played it as it should have been played, that, I would have lost years of ing it upon my mind. Then all small boys. I had my little street glove. Strike 19 voice. You will have to study,” I around your hand, like a boxing beauty of the piano tone came time. Get the best records of great One day when I was between and the real gang and I was the leader. Only with a short, playing was incredulous. the surface of the door suddenly singers and listen to them over and and 20 years old, I was out. the other boys looked upon me as fist. Notice I did not know how to produce sharp blow, with your protected merely stated a over again, hundreds of times. Lis- the Caruso record of the great Up to this point I have a kind of “opera mad” high brow, force to as tennis, baseball and but I knew the kind of tone does not produce enough to say. In sports such musical solo in Puccini’s “La Fanci. tone, that this principle which did not come from a while the other gangs were having ten to the fine, pure and relaxed tenor controlled reached the makes it shiver and golf, the stars use a free, balanced, (Girl of the Golden I wanted, and when I shut the door. It merely my brother-in-law, who is an the police as production. Always sing mezza ulla del West” source, but from difficulties in evading work hard to cultivate it. Great impulse to highest notes, veins stood out upon shake. swing and of the Massachusetts In- absolutely West) and I felt an , engineer, a graduate well as the bullets of the real gang- voce (half voice) with _ attack. again. Move it gently be developed from such an my forehead and my face turned Now, open the door power may When I was studying who daily shot no strain at first, and then some sing with the record. stitute of Technology. sters and racketeers closed posi- illustration of the old-fashioned blood-red. Finally, one day my see how easily it swings to a Take the simple physical ’. and at Harvard, he explained the it out in “Little Italy of a tree such as been listening to feel the effort in your arm. swing hanging from the limb father, who had tion. You hardly difference in the application of force to set My school marks at the public staited the it, came swings on a hinge in childhood. If someone me without my knowing Why? Because the door we had door, a swing, or a piano school and at the South Philadel- an object such as a balance. It is it might easily throw the in with tears in his eyes and said, just as every piano key is on a swing with a bump, the playing of phia High School where the tire- MUSICAL QUIZ key in motion. In studying more time. employs one of the swinging onto the ground, but if the “You cannot waste any a balanced lever, which one artists and the methods of many less music supervisor, Jay Speck, hundreds of By Charles D. Perlee from long with a smooth, steady push, You must go to a vocal coach at oldest principles in physics, dating swing is started convinced that had charge of the music, were av- teachers, I am more and more of using high with little effort. Sim- once.” before Christendom. In this principle it is soon soaring the fun- erage but not brilliant. I learned this is a very important principle of keyboard is EE how much you know Daydreams.” D. “Pathetique.” “But,” I said, “Papa, that is not balance lies one ol the fundamen- ilarly, loud, hard practice at the something of musical notation un- a swinging damentals of piano playing—that is to swing and quiet, long-con- S about music by doing this 6. One of these keyboard in- singing, it is only noise.” of superior piano technique not nearly so profitable as der Mr. Speck, but never took any tal secrets smoothly whether producing a soft tone or general quiz, counting one struments was in greatest vogue "Well,” he replied, “if that is production. You will discover that a tinued practice without excessive force. special part in the school musical tone a loud tone, whether one is playing slowly during Queen Elizabeth’s effect, graduated from an point for each correct answer. time. only noise, it is the most beautiful produces little desirable tonal A pupil who recently activities. That was probably be- punch or rapidly, or whether one is swinging the ’ a very Scores: Excellent, 13-15. Good, A. Pianoforte. B. Virginal. noise I have ever heard. push, with far less force, ac- accredited music school, and gave cause the school never had a grand but a swinging fingers, hands or arms. Isn’t it simple? 10-12. Fair, 6-9. C. Harpsichord. D. Hammer- to Miss Irene Wil- liquid and sono- effective recital from Bach to Debussy, went opera company. He sent me complishes much finer, more 1. One of these compositions clavier. liams, a well-known coach in Phil- you have in one paia- to a famous master piano teacher, Maitre I went in for sports, became a rous sound. Herein, is not by J. S. Bach. A. “The 7. Verdi’s “La Traviata” is in some approach which Philipp in New York, and played some Shall We Start? boxer, a baseball player, and a adelphia, who drilled me graph a method of tonal Isidor How Well-Tempered Clavichord.” based on what famous story? the op- if you grasp it. for him. He accepted her as a semi-professional football player. I of the leading' arias from could affect your entire career, compositions shall we make a practical application B. “Coffee” Cantata. C. “Gold- A. “Mona Vanna.” B. “Manon.” how- master this general out work for two months and then How was also a weight lifter. At 18 I eras. I had up to that time, More than this, if you pupil, laid of this principle? It may be done from the berg Variations.” D. “Orfeo C. “Lady of the Camellias.” in ac- relaxation, as- her, want all of this played never lift pounds. I earned my ever, no fundamental lessons principle of swinging balanced said to “I could 200 simplest child’s piece. It ed Euridice.” D. “Les Miserables.” swinging knew that in that very start with the living for some time in football. I tual voice training to teach me sociated with what we have termed louder than pianissimo.” He with the scales and arpeggios. 2. Which Russian composer 8. One of these composers is tendency develop and ad- may be done was offered a college scholarship how to handle my voice to best ad- your tone,” ou will lose all your time the hand muscles would into y with octaves and chords. In left his native land never to Brazilian. A. Ponce. B. Villa- far more so that the tone It may be done because of my success at football, vantage. Vocal coaching, which toward tenseness, and you will get just themselves to the keys a good trill lies in return again? A. Rachmani- Lobos. C. De Falla. D. Chavez. your pure and mellow. fact the whole secret of but getting an education in that drills the singer in the roles he out of your practice. Your progress in would become increasingly of finger swings. With noff. B. Shostakovich. C. Proko- 9. Mary Garden made a learning to play the the smooth alternation way did not appeal to me. To must sing, is quite different from work should be relatively much more The whole object of musical Chopin Prelude No. fieff. D. Rimsky-Korsakoff. great hit in three of these ap- students I often use the sports and to my musical interest operas. voice training. The voice trainer Things that seemed difficult when you pianoforte is that of pleasing the human rapid. dynamic stand- 3. The “Ode to Joy,” poem In which did she not appear? velvet-smooth tone must 20 in C Minor. But from a I probably owe my escape from is like the master violin maker who “all tightened up,” suddenly become petite for beauty. A were the pianis- by Schiller, is sung in the last A. “Pelleas and Melisande.” playing. An point, I practice the last section, juvenile delinquency in that vi- takes rare woods and forms them easier to perform. Moreover, you will be the basis of most fine piano much section, movement of what symphony? B. “.” C. “Juggler super-colossal simo section, first, then the middle cious district of Philadelphia in of into a master instrument as did soon be surprised with the flowing, sonorous artist’s success in these days of A. Mahler’s Symphony No. 2. Notre Dame.” D. “Die Wal- reason and then the fortissimo opening section last. which I grew up. Stradivarius or Guarnerius. Both tone you will be able to produce as con- technique really depends upon it. The tone must be produced interest B. Beethoven’s Symphony No. kiire.” Marian Ander- But in all sections the My parents, noting my the voice trainer and the vocal trasted with a bumpy tone. You will also find why Patti, Melba, Caruso and 9. No. 1. of the arms and keys. The to give me les- C. Brahms’ Symphony 10. Which of these is a left- tem- success was due to a cer- with an easy swing in music, wished coach are indispensable. that you have a better control over your son achieved great D. Stravinsky’s “Symphony of handed violinist? A. tonal approach to the keys in the fortissimo sons. Our family was poor but Kreisler. My grandfather, however, con- rhythms, and in fact, your entire tain kind of velvet-smooth quality that many pos, your smoothness from got together $75.00, bought Psalms.” B. Zimbalist. C. Isaac Stern. not possess. passages is no different in they tended that I was only wasting my gamut of interpretation, as the subject is other singers’ voices do 4. is the chief char- passage. violin and sent me to the D. Rudolph Kolisch. tone is to avoid that in the pianissimo me a time singing. As I was then work- studied with your teacher. The secret of a good swing on acter in the Wagner opera of 11. What American I have played with a number of symphony Settlement Music School compo- ing for him in his grocery store, anything that suggests jar. Jar inhibits good the same name. In another ser earned money orchestras and I have found that this form Queen Street supported by wealthy for harmony and in his trucking business, he tone. Another illustration is that of a finely opera the tenor sings Swinging Touch Philadelphians. Johann Grolle, a Wagner lessons by driving trucks and The at a of free, balanced, swinging touch produces a demanded that I devote my time poised piece of machinery. Let us look that Parsifal was his father. former director of the Curtis Insti- delivering milk? A. Edward or a Hispano tone which is never hard or brittle, but has exclusively to business. He could Of course there are many other forms of new Cadillac or a Rolls-Royce Who is Parsifal’s son? A. Lo- MacDowell. it the tute, was its guiding spirit. Some- B. John Alden and engine. Put your foot down a carrying power that makes soar over not understand my dreams touch which must be developed, but in gen- Suiza. Start the hengrin. B. Rienzi. C. Hans Carpenter. how I did not take to the drudgery C. Roy Harris. what they But my the gas accelerator with a sudden push. orchestral accompaniment. meant to me. eral, the balanced, swinging touch is the one on and when the Sachs. D. The Flying Dutch- D. Edgar Stillman-Kelley. If reader of Etude will set aside two of early violin study destiny I knew happens? The engine is likely to stall, the was then clear and most employed. I use all sorts of illustrations What that I was play- man. ANSWERS to practice scale exercises such as are teacher discovered that I singer. car shivers and shakes up the occupants. months was intended to be a to make this idea clear to my students. Just the note, he 5. Which Tchaikovsky Sym- 1. D. (By Gluck.) 2. A. ing by ear instead of by 3. B. In al- and it soon accelerates. found in “Mastering the Scales and Arpeg- the meantime there was no why those who have played the piano get Start the car smoothly phony is No. 6? A. “Polish.” 4. A. 5. D. 6. B. made a remark that made me fly 7. C. 8. B. illustration. Once gios” with very free finger swing action in- ternative. I had to drive Grand- and punches produce re- Let me give you another “Little Russia.” C. “Winter 9. D. 10. an idea that blows and I threw the vio- B. D. 11. C. tense, Continued on page into a temper dad’s trucks! of the executives of Steinway and Sons stead of with ( 64) sults rather than the balanced swing is hard one of a third story window. It lin out ( First of Two Articles.) 11 ETUDE-DECEMBER 1949 10 ETUDE-DECEMBER 1949 — —

Why do we call them "CAROLS"? SONGS OF CHRIST MAS LINK TODAY PAST time were not fully written out, and of WITH THE ANCIENT at that symphonies, operas, ballets, chamber music, passed on by word of mouth other matters Usually, however, all styles and all ages. another. To be equipped of from one musician to he has orally from genera- is one type of music for which carol, like its performances, preserved had to know more there In earliest times the word for his post, the maestro young continued long after affinity. It is important for the implied dancing as tion to generation, were subjects than any mu- a special kindred term, ballade, about more different possible the were disbanded. Carols which musician to discover as early as In Chaucer’s English carol- the missions orchestra. much as singing. sician in the belongs and which the performances have been type of music to which he means a dance and sometimes accompanied maestro’s functions have become ling sometimes Today the in Santa Fe, Las Vegas and San belongs to him. Italian carola was a me- heard result that the conductor means a song. The separated, with the and symphonies) Antonio. One type of music (songs “ring dance” accompanied by singing, merely the interpreter of the written dieval is now inner dynamics. The other In Canada, French missionaries were re- is dominated by its was the carole of the French. still must be the repository of as score. But he its rhyth- for what is thought to be the first type (opera, ballet) is dominated by to take on their present-day sponsible comprehending the many Carols began musical tradition, Martin Christmas carol wr ritten in the New World. It mic energy. significance during the Reformation. of music which cannot be written ERNEST ANSERMET, aspects distinctions are clearcut. was was “Jesous Ahatonna,” to a text in the In Europe these Luther wrote: “At the time Christ’s birth founder and conductor, down in staff notation. He still must win the inner composed by a Jesuit, Father The traditional German musician finds we went from house to house and Huron language, through his greater celebrated, L’Orchestre de la Suisse confidence of his players rhythms are con- Brebeuf. The carol was preserved by tradition dynamics dominant. His village to village, singing Christmas appeared his broader horizon, and from Romande, has musical knowledge, dynamics of the music for about 150 years at the Lorette mission in ditioned by the inner carols in four-part harmony.” as guest conductor of the musical background. his richer French musician, rhyth- sang Canada until it was written down by Father itself. To the typical The Minnesingers of the Middle Ages Symphony, has di- a score, I can tell the NBC If, in approaching and is the means by with de Villeneuve. The melody, an old French air mic energy is dominant, carols at Christmas time, in accordance orchestras part, technically rected major first violinist more about his music’s inner jeune pucelle,” is similar to “God which he finds and releases the age-old instinct of mankind to accompany called “Une the world. himself the throughout as well as musically, than he knows stands midway Rest You Merry, Gentlemen.” dynamics. The Italian musician with song a festival or holy occasion. (One He studied mathematics despite his long experience, the violinist will “spirituals” are based on the two, blending inner dynamics Hebrew ritual is believed to Since Negro attending the between antiphon in the and music, have confidence in me. He will come to me hymn-tunes of the Protestant service, Christ- with rhythmic energy. date back more than 2,000 years.) University of Lausanne for advice. He will follow me in performance. inspiration for many well- The structure of a symphony demonstrates Carol-singing flourished especially in Great mas carols were the and the Sorbonne. In That is the sound basis for conductorship. two musical their known Negro tunes. Among the best known the give-and-take between these Britain, and Englishmen look upon 1915 he headed the Ge‘ no classes In my student days there were shows plainly the ancient past. are “Behold the Star,” “Rise, Shepherd, and conductor of Diaghileff’s Ballets Russes, toured Europe, characteristics. The scherzo carols as a link with Britain s neva Orchestra, became great conductor whom I in conducting. No rhythmic energy. The slow acquired its present sig- Follow,” and “Go Tell It to the Mountains.” South America, U.S. In 1918 he founded L Orchestre de la Suisse Romande, re- dominance of Before December 25 knew accepted pupils. Conversely, few pupils dy- spirituals were being created in the for 1946 was movement shows the dominance of inner nificance to the Christian world, the year-end While mains its permanent conductor. The Annual Recorded Music Award recent conducting classes have de- men were sing- ’ in more last movements (the had been held tidewater country, mountain bestowed on Ansermet’s recording of Igor Stravinsky’s “Petrouchka ballet suite. namics. The first and celebration of the Saturnalia veloped into great conductors. both English carols which had survived the corner movements) offer a synthesis of throughout the Roman Empire, including ing old I do not say these classes are useless; I Puritans’ efforts to suppress them in Britain, elements. England. The Athenians and Persians held only maintain that conducting is neither mu- had been brought across the ocean by In choosing his specialty, the young sacred festivals at the end of December, and and taught nor learned in classes. old. order gather word of mouth. These early carols have been sician should remember that the the Druids chose this time of year to Actually there is no special training for oak. preserved in the folksong collections of Cecil DON’T PLAN TO BE A of musical types is rapidly disappearing. A mistletoe from their sacred tree, the conducting. The external techniques are very na- Annabel Morris Buchanan and John century ago, there were sharply defined Because of their link to pagan ritual, Eng- Sharp, simple. Perhaps that is why so many aspire school pleasures: Niles. Among these are “Lulle Lally,' tional schools of music. The Italian lish carols often emphasize material Jacob

s ’ finds to conducting—or perhaps it is because one French and the I Bring “The derived from the “Coventry” Carol, and Distinguished Swiss conductor Ernest Ansermet was very different from the “The Boar’s Head in Hand ; is gratified being “the boss. Forest Garden,” a variant of ego by leading, German, and each of these was very different Holly and the Ivy”; “Here We Go Wassail- “Down in Yon of, Neither the technique (gestures) nor the the the “Corpus Christi” Carol. it difficult to say what conductors are made from the others. ing”; “Wassail, wassail, All Around pleasures of leadership, howTever, have much world corruption of the American composers were busy creating This is no longer true. Just as the Town.” “Wassail” is a against planning too narrowly for your career. to with a conductor’s success. “good new carols in Colonial times. William Billings, warns do has become smaller politically and commer- Saxon words “wass hael,” meaning The young musician who has conducting together mu- the New England tanner-composer who cially, it has also drawn closer health.”) aspirations in his should manuscript is chalked his “fuguing tunes” on hides of a corner of mind sically. In Italy today there is a group of com- The oldest carol surviving in Reported by Rose Heylbut first music. the leather, included several carols in his book, acquire a thorough knowledge of posers employing the twelve-tone system of written in Norman French and describes orchestra- in the 14th cen- “The Singing Master’s Assistant.” He should study composition and the Germanic Schoenberg. In France there Nativity. It was written down tion. He should the history of music and Germany probably of earlier origin. In the nineteenth century, American poets know is enthusiasm for Stravinsky. In tury, although it is such thing as “be- board.” Seated at his cembalo, the maestro the evolution of should Italian setback under the Puri- and composers wrote carols which have be- I think that there is no musical styles. He there is a movement toward French, Carol-singing had a I it, conducting supervised every detail of an orchestral or learn is passed law for- come a fixture in the Christmas service. The coming a conductor.” As see to play several instruments in order and Russian styles. Nationalistic music tans, who as early as 1652 a a New England like the Presidency operatic performance. He gave cues to to 7 Christmas. This Rev. John Henry Hopkins, is in a smaller way rather the understand their technical limitations. rapidly giving w ay to a more international bidding the observance of about after other players. He set the tempo for the in clergyman, was also a musician. He com- of your United States. It comes per- As he grows in knowledge and skill his form of music. was followed in, 1659 by a similar statute in a different field. formance. And from a sketchy figured-bass critical early 19th cen- posed the musical setting for his poem, “We one has proved his ability judgment will become more mature. Most of the world at this moment is in much Massachusetts. Not until the does not become a con- notation he improvised an accompaniment, or At settlers in the Middle Three Kings of Orient Are,” and for other In the same way, one length, he may be ready to conduct. the same position as your America and my tury, when German his ability continuo. tree hymns that became well-known. The Rev. Ed- ductor until one has first proved Even if he does not, he will have acquired Switzerland, which have never had deep- West imported the traditional Christmas Toscanini laid down his So important rvas the maestro’s to become ward Hamilton Sears, a Unitarian minister as a musician. At 18, function a broad background of musicianship valuable rooted nationalistic musical styles. Many of the old country, was Christmas that as late as the Massachusetts, wrote the text of the carol. cello to conduct “Aida” on short notice be- mid-eighteenth century to him in some other branch of his profession. American composers have studied in Europe. a nationwide American festival. of the only man in the orchestra Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach doubted that en- colonies, however, especially “It Came ETpon the Midnight Clear.” in 1849. cause he was The scope of music is vast. If I were not Nearly all show a background of European In the Dutch from memory. Those semble performance would ever be possible season was a Sung to a tune by Willis, the carol gained who knew the score conducting, I might teach music, write arti- influence. In Switzerland we have the para- New Amsterdam, the Christmas will get them. without a continuo. centered around such popularity both here and in Europe that who deserve conductorships cles or criticisms on music, or devote my time doxical situation that Arthur Honegger, a festive one. Observance was setting for it. not determine to But in addition the maestro was the r of Amster- Sir Arthur Sullivan wrote a new A young musician should su- to orchestration or composition. If I w ere a as one of the fore- Saint Nicholas, patron saint New German-Swiss, emerged “0 he should determine to preme arbiter in musical questions. Usually were sung in honor of Saint This carol, and the perennial favorite, become a conductor; young musician, without a job, I should like most French composers, while Frank Martin, dam. Many songs musician. Then, if a con- he was a composer, and wrote music for the to “Sinter Klaas,” from which the Little Town of Bethlehem,” written in Phila- become a sound form a small, competent madrigal society a French-Swiss, is one of the leading ex- Niklaus, or to him, he will be pre- orchestra. He also had encyclopedic knowl- evolved. delphia by the Rev. Phillips Brooks, have at- ductorship is offered to sene the musical needs of my community. ponents of the Schoenberg school. term Santa Claus was responsibilities. edge of the music of his time. He instructed missionaries in the Southwest also tained worldwide popularity. Tn some in- pared for its That, I think, would be a better start than This trend to internationalism in music Spanish is the musical descend- other players on the proper phrasing and in- holiday season, and in their stances they have achieved the highest recog- Today’s conductor merely planning to “become” a conductor. brings us face to face with an entirely new made much of the figure of the Renaissance, terpretation of their music. He settled all of converting Indians utilized medieval nition that can come .to a Christmas carol ant of that splendid The conductor must, off course, be able to situation. As national music becomes a thing work or mastei at the key- questions of executing embellishments, which “mysteries,” or Nativity plays. Many of these they have been described as “traditional.” the maestro al cembalo, understand and to direct all types of music of the past, the {Continued on page 54)

13 12 ETUDE-DECEMBER 1949 ETUDE-DECEMBER 1949 by by EARL HECTOR WILSON BERLIOZ

— room for tonight “Come back tomorrow night.” INCE Nero founded a group of men whose All that my friend the cook wanted and duty was to applaud when he sang in S hoped for was a General Admission ticket— public, today in France the name of Romans That was all the Claquers applause, Standing Room. is given to professional suppliers of ever got. vulgarly called claquers, to throwers of bou- Finally, about ten minutes before the cur- general to all creators of suc- quets and in one tain, the Boss of the Claque was seen at cess and enthusiasm. in of the ticket windows, and all the eyes They go in the evening to the theatres and this little group were fixed on him—on how other places to applaud, under the direction many tickets he got—on which way he turned of a leader and his lieutenants, the artists swung away from the window. and works which their chief has been retained as he strode directly to the little group and to uphold. He out eight or ten stubs. A couple of There are many ways of applauding. handed for whom there were no tickets, shrugged The first, as you all know, consists in mak- men, walked out. My cook had stamped out his ing as much noise as possible by striking and seeing the Boss at the window one’s hands together. Even in this first man- cigarette upon over toward the others so the ner there are many varieties and nuances. and had pushed miss him. He was not a pushy A blow of the fingertips of the right hand Boss could not do much more. Maybe it against the palm of the left produces a sharp, type and could not blue-black hat but proba- reverberating sound which is preferred by was that dapper — years of devoted service as a most artists. On the other hand, the two bly it was his first man the palms struck together produce a heavy, vulgar - Old Claque Claquer; anyway, he was the -It’s Same the hat or the In he went, claquers, York Paris a ticket. It is only first-year student New Boss handed sonority. Then and Now taker, to his or barbers’ apprentices, who applaud in this in his hand, past the ticket Section. His way. place in the Standing Room Columnist Prove That commence. The gloved claquer, dressed in the height A 19th Century Composer-Critic and a Modern Broadway night’s work was about to in Standing of fashion, extends his arms from his box One night I managed to get and applauds languidly, almost without a This Aspect of Opera Hasn’t Changed Very Much in 96 Years Room and watch him perform. in- sound, and for the eyes only. He seems to be This took a lot of waiting in line and first saying to the whole house: “See! I deign to creased my respect for the opera. The seventy- and leisurely time I tried it, I walked past about applaud.” one secret great bronze statue of Caruso, with exclamations of “De- “It’s bargain, I 100 men HE moguls of the Met have there are such) ap- the hall resound a but will need lined up for their chance The eager claquer (for - arrived out in five people already about or admit lit a cigarette. Limousines licious! Ravishing! Good Lord, what talent! for ordinary performances and at least 500 shame they won’t talk quickly, loud and long; he stamps, he T Wash- the $1.65 Standing Room tickets. The line plauds front and unloaded their Mrs. George at It’s almost unbearable!” in a soprano voice for premieres and important debuts.” the Claque. “Bravo, Bravo!” and their moving slowly, and after I d been in it cries Claquer, a thin, ington Kavanaughs, their Astors was choked with emotion. There is a model hus- “You shall have them, more.” I got acquainted with one claquer disguised as an elderly man of and through minutes, and had worked my The middle-aged Armenian Vanderbilts, and these notables swept for twenty-five band and a hard-working and intelligent Having received his commission, the head almost hungry-looking, or as a retired colonel, strikes the into the box office, a big cop came property far over the lobby in their formal attire and on way almost to family. of the the cook who lived in a cold walk-up flat tip of his cane, wearing father of a Bureau of Success, the “Emperor of standing room!” floor gently with the their boxes. The Claquer stood there enjoy- up and boomed, “No more But to confine ourselves to the study of the Romans,” easily recruits his army among the on the West Fifties. benign air. puffed his all went home. a dressed in ing this proximity to the rich and So we people, properly so-called, here is the Here was contrast. At night, performer has a gift of Roman hairdressers’ apprentices, traveling salesmen, Marriage of The husband of a cigarette. Two nights later the opera The decent suit of clothes, with a blue at manner and the conditions under which they poor students, superannuated choristers, etc., his only ventriloquism and of being everywhere the celebrities, but all Figaro was scheduled. I learned that the box his neck and a blue-black hat on He liked watching work: etc., who have a He scarf around once. He applauds one moment in the am- passion for the theatre. searching the lob- would open at eight. So I was there the stairs of this the time his roving eye was office Occasionally a man appears who, whether sets up headquarters saloon his head, he came dow'n crying “Brava ! in a tenor voice, in a cheap cafe or certainly I would be right phitheatre, house. He came by for somebody almost as unknown as him- at seven, and felt as a result of incredible native gifts or of long near his dark old run-down apartment resonance. Next he bounds up to center of operations. There he gives this time. But there with chest self the Boss of the Claque. up in front in the line study, acquires real talent as through the narrow dark hallway to the stoop — out in passing and laborious his soldiers their orders, and tickets for the the parterre boxes, throwing the Claque, a large, round, were already eighty ahead of me and an briefly there. The neighborhood The boss of he a Roman. He thereupon presents himself to parterre or the third the and stood “Admirable!” in a bass voice. Then gallery, for which ( Continued on page 51) an blue-black busy fellow, was a powerful person in this hour to wait before the director of the theatre and addresses him was one grade above a slum. The the third balcony, making poor devils pay 30 or 40 sous or less, accord- rushes panting to lobby. Like friend the cook, others in the approximately these words: hat was a soft model with a brim that might my in ing to the theatrical rung which they occupy'. lobby waited quietly for him. The others were “Monsieur, you have on hand a dramatic be pulled low over either eye. It was an Only his lieutenants always get free tickets. the waiters, barbers, clerks, et cetera, mostly undertaking. I know its strong and imitation of the hats that the rich and weak On important days they are the chief. paid by' foreign, who were also Claquers. They were points. You have not yet engaged anyone play'boys wear with tuxedos. It gave the Ar- Sometimes it even happens that if it is nec- unusually form- dark-bearded and cheaply dressed. They most- for the ‘success.’ Entrust it to me. I offer you menian cook a distinction, an Earl Wilson, self-styled “saloon edi- essary to whip up enthusiasm for a new w'ork famous ly huddled together over in one corner of the Hector Berlioz (1803-1869), francs down and annual al air, as he walked up the mean little street of the New York Post, lias written 20,000 an fee of which has cost a tor” orchestration, was the director of the theatre although two or three might be linger- for his mastery of 10 000 .” to catch a bus that would drop him some- lobby, about many aspects of the current scene , great deal of money, the only is equally adept at writing about music. chief not Opera House. ing on the sidewalk out in front. Walking other than saloons including the Met- “I want 30,000 francs down,” the director unable where near the Metropolitan — “Evenings in the to find enough paying Romans, but their This article is from his was among the among them, I was almost able to feel ropolitan Opera. This is from his hook, usually replies. cannot Within a few minutes he published in 1853, pur- find enough soldiers to battle Eight-Ball.” Orchestra,” first ready but me and a suspense. They were waiting, no longer very “I Am Gazing Into My “10,000 francs ought not to stand in the for rich and mighty, and nobody a series of yarns told by their art without cost. neces- Doran, Inc. porting to he It is then a cook. patiently, for the Boss’s decision. If he chose published by Doubleday, way of a bargain. I will bring them to you few other Claquers knew that he was musicians to keep themselves sary for him to pay by Earl Wilson. orchestra his troops, often going he would tell them there was no more Copyright 1945 performances. tomorrow.” He stood quietly in the lobby, under the not, awake during dull opera so far as to give (Continued on page 49) 15 rWDE DECEMBER 1919 14 ETUDE-DECEMBER 1949 USIC LOVER'S BOOKSHELF ROUNDTABLE THE TEACHER'S By B. Meredith Cadman

Conducted by MAURICE DUMESNIL, Mus. Doc. Lectures From "Down Under" Part II of the book, embracing 128 pages, is an excellent textbook in which this soloist, “OF MUSICAL THINGS.” By Dr. Alphons French-American Pianist, formerly a member of the Sousa, the Victor Eminent Silbermann. Pages, 112. Publisher, The Herbert, and other bands, gives excellent and Grahame Book Co., Sydney, Australia. Price, Conductor, Lecturer, and Teacher instructive notes upon the art of playing this

2 . 00 . $ mellow instrument. words Observance of the centenary of Chopin’s Correspondents are requested to limit letters to 150 One of the interesting indications of the death continues with a pair of Chopin al- high stature of music culture in Australia is In Three-Quarter Time bums from RCA-Victor and Columbia. The Victor offering is Chopin’s E Minor this admirable collection of a series of popular Masco Carner (four “THE' WALTZ.” By Piano Concerto, with Alexander Brailowsky lectures on musical aesthetics given at the plates in color, 31 black-and-white illustra- as soloist, and William Steinberg conducting Sydney Conservatorium in New South Wales tions). Pages (6Yj" x 9") 71. Price $2.50. the RCA-Victor Symphony Orchestra. by Dr. Alphons Silbermann, who was educated Publisher, The Chanticleer Press. Mr. Brailowsky is possibly the only pi- anist of recent times who has managed the at the Cologne Conservatorium and who, be- of feat of selling out Carnegie Hall for a series Right too stiff, dry, and stilted under a guise Aristotle Was — fore the advent of the Nazis, was well known Carner’s “The Waltz” is another of the of six all-Chopin recitals. A Chopin spe- that Mozart false classicism. 1 am convinced in Europe through his published works. exquisite series of musical books issued by cialist of international reputation, Mr. In the March Etude you advised Miss R. F. H. played his own works with all the coloring of Brailowsky plays a performance of the con- play a Mozart Fantasy “with a wide range of tone His observations are wise and shrewd. He the Chanticleer Press in America in associa- to certo which can accurately be called author- coloring.” As a confirmed listener to good piano which the harpsichord was capable. You might lectures give books are warns his readers, “My cannot tion with Adprint of London. The itative. His interpretation balances dex- music and playing and having an engineering ac- to the object that it was limited, as compared you background. They can only animate you edited by Sir George Franckenstein, G.C.V.O., trously the heroic and poetic elements, with quaintance with piano mechanism, it is my studied grand pianos. Per- the happy result opinion that 'such teaching of the existence of a wide resources of our modern toward achieving it.” Would that all courses and Otto Erich Deutsch, and are models of that Chopin emerges Please take time to get seated comfortably tone coloring is dne entirely to credulity. violin, which neither bombastic nor sickly-sentimental. range of haps so. But if we consider the in musical appreciation started with such an fine publishing taste. The books are printed I regret the teaching of such a delusion which I con- and conveniently. If the seat is too low, ask Mr. Steinberg, a thoroughgoing musician, in Mozart’s time was identical to what it is teacher-imposed on the credulous minds of admonition. in Holland. collaborates admirably in this top-ilight per- sider for a cushion, or some books: if it is too high, that the violinists of young pupils through the power of suggestion. You today, could you pretend His lecture on “So the British Can’t Write The word waltz comes from the German formance. don’t hesitate to ask for a lower one. Place will remember of course that Aristotle was the first his Sonatas and Concertos that period played Music” is particularly sparkling and pene- verb “waltzen,” to revolve, to turn around. to say that facts are not established by dictum but your feet on the pedals, ready for action. Then their interpretation different from For Columbia, Gregor Piatigorsky has re- by observation, calculation, and experimentation, all drily? Was trating. In his introduction to the book It was in use centuries from the time (about concentrate your thoughts on the tempo of corded the evidence of this wide range ago, or Chopin G Minor Cello Sonata. combined. Have you any what great artists did a few decades international 1750) when it was first applied to a dance Eugene Goossens, conductor of It is a fine performance in question established by such an examination? I the piece, so you can start at the proper speed of a work that is are doing at the present time? I do not think in three-quarter time. Carner states I know renown and director of the N.S.W. Conserva- rhythm admirably written for the instrument and apologize for asking this question because instead of using the first measures “to get Jacques Thibaud, those invariably effective such an approach is anathema to our artistic sensi- so. Eugene Ysaye and torium, refers to the work as “stimulating, that the dance itself probably originated in in concert. Mr. Piati- adjusted.” Better still: hum inwardly the first bility as musicians. Please charge my apostasy to the of the genuine Mozart tradition, gorsky’s sensitive, imaginative reading of two exponents provocative and refreshing,” and your re- southern Germany, Bavaria, Austria and engineer that is in me. J. D. M., Ohio measure, and count the beats mentally. With the work is ably supported by Ralph Berko- — that the latter consists of purity are examples viewer endorses this statement enthusiastically. Bohemia. The waltz gradually became very witz at the piano. such preparation you ought to “pitch in” right. of line, beauty of tone, expressive phrasing, popular. There was even published in 1799 • It seems to me undeniable that the piano Too many people start before they are and grace, and elegance-—all that contributes a set of “Twelve German Waltzes for the Schumann’s Symphony in D Minor is now- possesses a wide range of tone coloring. Just ready. Here, once again, be wise: “Take Accurate Pitch to make music alive! Piano Forte or Harp with an accompaniment available in a performance by the think of the infinite variety of sonorities which time to take time.” PRACTICAL ‘FIRST Philharmonic, I agree with Aristotle, indeed, but I honestly “EAR TRAINING. for the Tambourine, Triangle, Etc., Com- with Josef Kcilbertli conduct- can be used in the performance of works by ing. This release is one of the Czech record- believe that my statement was based precisely AID’ IN DEVELOPING ACCURATE posed by W. A. Mozart.” Beethoven’s “Land- ings which were snapped up by Mercury Chopin and Debussy, for instance; a gamut PITCH.” By Frances E. Jacobs. Pages, 29. on the “observation, calculation, and experi- Should Scales be Taught? lerische Tanze” (1803) and other similar Records shortly after the war for release in which one can still enlarge by diversified at- Publisher, Service. mentation” which you quote. Those who attend Price, $.60. Co-op Mimeo works were waltzes as were some of the this country. If the Schumann symphony is tacks and clever, elusive pedaling. Young a representative offering. Mercury has a my piano clinics can testify that the latter I am a high school senior and have studied piano lovely piano pieces of Schubert. valuable asset in its catalogue pupils, of course can hardly be aware of such regularly for seven years with one teacher. I was This is a brochure mimeographed on let- of Czech- word is one of those I most often use. It was not, however, until the coming of given scales and made records. The performance is clearcut high grade pianism until the years develop in arpeggios, but when my family ter-sized sheets and designed as a special serv- In conclusion: it is difficult or even impos- moved to another city my new teacher told me that Josef Lanner (1801-43), Johann Strauss and minus exaggerations of “interpretation.” them an inquisitive consciousness of ear and ice upon the subject of ear-training. The very sible to analyze artistic matters through the it was unnecessary, and I could practice passages (1804-49) and Johann Strauss II (1825-99) • finger sensibility. So what is a teacher to do from pieces instead. Is that true? I would appreciate basis of all practical music training rests in medium of algebra or figures. Try, instead, to that the waltz became an international furore. Another importation, from the German your opinion greatly. — (Miss) D. B. H., Florida. except to try to awaken this perception, even ear-training. Depending upon the musical re- Telefunken catalogue absorb music through your sensibility, if you From the ballroom waltz developed the con- acquired by Capitol through the power of suggestion, if necessary? ceptivity of the individual, the study of the Records, is the Sibelius First Symphony, listen; and if you perform, pour your I think you were doing the right thing, and cert, classical forms of Chopin, Brahms, own performed by Tor Mann and the Stockholm it it will be, for subject is one which may require months or The sooner comes, the better I disagree self-expression generously into the texts which completely with your new teacher Richard Strauss and Ravel, becoming one of Radio Orchestra. The playing is in broad, a lifetime is not sufficient to exhaust the sub- years. The study of Solfeggio (the art of the masters handed down to us so we can strive although he is entitled to his opinion, and I the most entrancing forms of modern music. sweeping style appropriate to this early Si- ject. Shortly before his death, as I visited with learning to sing by note) is often the means belius composition. Like many postwar to make them live again as they did in their respect it if he is sincere and doesn’t cater Mr. Carner’s work tells compactly and com- at employed to develop ear training. This study European orchestras, the Stockholm Radio ninety-three-year-old Charles-Marie Widor to so own time. Am I right? If not, pardon me, many students’ wish to “get there fast, prehensively the story of all the main facts Orchestra on this record appears to lack the the Institut de France, he said to me: “I am is a “must” in all the leading music schools please: “Errare humanum est.” with as little effort as possible.” about the waltz. slick, superfine finish of detail associated very pleased, for this morning I discovered here and abroad. Miss Jacobs’ “Ear Train- with top-flight orchestras in this country, Apart from developing velocity, scale play- • ing” is but its playing is musicianly and exciting. several new angles in the art of playing the ing has a teacher’s guide outlining the struc- many other advantages: it affords Records For Little Ones organ.” The preceding week he had completed More Stumbling ture of a plan for accomplishing the same • opportunities for the culture of tone coloring, “RECORDINGS FOR THE ELEMENTARY new version of his Sonata for piano and purpose. She suggests the employment of the For lovers of Gilbert & Sullivan there is a sense of rhythm, In my study of the piano I have a difficulty about knowledge of keys and sig- SCHOOL.” By Helen S. Leavitt and Warren good news in the fact that the performances violin. May I mention that personally I often Sol-Fa syllables as used in teaching Solfeggio, which I would like to request your advice. I believe natures. Scales, of the D’Oyly Carte Opera Company, au- arpeggios, and mere exer- S. Freeman. Pages, 125. Price $2.40. Pub- discover new effects of tone coloring in works it has more to do with nervousness, than with the but uses the numerical step names (1, 2, 3, 4, thoritative source of G. & S. tradition, are cises can be practiced fingers. When I have learned in a musical way,” says lisher, Oliver Durrell, Inc., New York. studied as a Conservatoire student and a composition quite 5, as widely used in American public now releasing the operettas on long-playing which I Isidor Philipp. 6, 7, 8), well I often stumble when starting it. After that I “Let us modify the rhythms, records. The first to be released are “Trial have played publicly ever since. That alone school systems. go through the piece quite comfortably. I read the accents; When your reviewer read this very prac- let us transpose and strive to find by Jury” and “.” should dispose of such words as “delusion,” ETUDE with much enjoyment, and would be glad technical variety tical book, he did not think of it solely for the Eventually all the operettas will be avail- for any suggestive help. My trouble occurs until we can prove to our- or “credulity.” mostly able in long-playing form. when playing at the selves that Wood-Wind Lore objective stated, but rather of the thousands home of friends. our fingers are mastered. This Listeners who have heard D’Oyly Carte for the interpretation of Mozart: of As — (Miss) F. Y. L., Maine. ' ariet of parents who feel, and feel rightly, that in Y practice is necessary, for the “THE CLARINET AND CLARINET PLAY- performances will recognize familiar voices. should never use the same kind of course one monotonous this fortunate day, the musical taste of little , master of G. & S. patter repetition of a run, or an exer- ING.” By Robert Willaman. Pages, 241. Price, coloring that befits Chopin or Debussy, but I I could bet ten to one that your stumbling songs, recounts with admirable diction the cise, is $3.75. tots may be trained by hearing well selected a thankless task and tire- Publisher, Robert Willaman. proper bounds estab- has nothing to with the most attributes of a modern major-general in contend that within the do either nervousness, or records. feel that this will quite some of all.” We book be “The Pirates”; Darrell Fancourt, Leonard adequate style, tone coloring and the fingers. Rather, I would ascribe lished by it to a Let us The clarinet has been growing in popularity as much a help to those parents as to teachers Osborn, Donald Harris, Richard Watson. remember, too, that Chopin and Liszt, order, as opposed to certain condition which I have observed and Ella flexibility are in many times w o were for many years, but relatively few books have in “tipping them off” as to just what records Joan Gillingham, Joyce Wright great teachers, insisted scale his music and Bach s and for which I give the following on Halman also are heard. Isadore Godfrey tendencies to make — advice: practice. been written about it. Mr. Willaman’s work is may be useful, entertaining and stimulating. We ought to abide by their example. conducts the New Promenade Orchestra and one of the most informative we have seen. The selections are admirable. the D’Oyly Carte Chorus. 16 ETUDE-DECEMBER 1949 ETUDE-DECEMBER 1949 17 ! — — 1

The Violinist's Forum A New Yorker by birth and a grad- uate of the Berlin Hochscbule fur Musik, Grace Castagnetta holds an SPICCATO, SAUTILLE ARPEGGIOS enviable record as pianist, conn CONCERNING poser, teacher, musicologist, and ini- mony, structure, form-analysis, etc.), the form will be. proviser. In addition to her recital better your ARTIFICIAL HARMONICS Again, even granting that improvisation AND tours, she has played with most of springs from the subconscious, there must be symphony orchestras, our important some digital memory connected with it since They Can Be Mastered With and over all the major radio net- fingers play such a large part in it. You have to be able to move your fingers rather fluently Careful, Consistent Practice works. She has recorded several al- around a keyboard to give expression to the and has published seven bums, ideas that suggest themselves. Hence, a cer- books, six of them in collaboration tain degree of sheer technical fluency is the that the By HAROLD BERKLEY with the late Hendrik Willem Van second essential. Here I may say works the other way around, too. In Loon. thing improvising, I find that my fingers (guided by the subconscious) can accomplish techni- Illi- stroke. sautille arpeggio was discussed at cal feats that would take me months to To R. M., of The length in ETUDE for February, 1948, master, were I practicing them consciously in nois, the lad of 15 some I hope you can refer to that issue. a Chopin Etude or a Brahms Sonata. And who has written a and that does not explain how play with series of questions You say you have trouble with your left- and why) ; but from this I deduce that when you particularly with your left thumb you get the top-line! an absolutely free mind (as you must when concerning technical hand grip, elbow, but you do not say what the 1 have discussed this with psychologists you improvise), the freedom somehow gets problems: I believe and trouble is. Probably your thumb has a tend- and they seem to feel that what happens in into the fingers, too, and makes them more you are certainly to stiffen, but 1 can’t imagine what is improvisation is a complete taking-over by the responsive. approaching violin ency with your elbow. subconscious, freed from all plannings of the The third point is rhythm. As notes are study in an inten- wrong never heard of anyone’s left elbow where-do-I-go-from-here school of thought. tossed out to you for an improvisation, you sive and capable I have stiff. there is some tension in the Put differently, improvising is the completely are hardly conscious of key associations since manner. getting If Harold Berkley a very simple exercise will help you. free and spontaneous expression of a musical any of the notes can stand for any degree of You mention that thumb, Hold the violin firmly with your jaw or sup- endowment strong enough to seek expression the scale—but you are immediately conscious you have a poor spiccato and have trouble it with your right hand; then do slow in original musical ideas. of a rhythmic pattern. And this strengthens coordinating your left hand with your right. port spiccato finger exercises, letting the thumb swing Thus, the first step is an inborn ability to itself as you go along. Some note combina- The essential element of a good loosely beside the neck of the violin. Let it create music freely and spontaneously. I tions seem to suggest a set rhythmic pattern is a complete control of the wrist-and-finger forward as one finger falls and back- agree with this. You can learn how to har- a waltz, a march. And once a rhythmic pat- motion. If you can use this motion easily, swing length at wards as the next falls, and so on. monize and how to develop musical ideas, but tern is set, you must stick to it. You do not rapidly, and with strokes of even question of relaxation is most the getting of the idea in the first place is switch from waltz rhythm to march rhythm in the frog of the bow, you should have little The whole it would help you if you would something like the color of your eyes—it is the middle of playing. Thus the third requi- trouble producing a good spiccato on repeated important, and read the Forum pages in the February 1948 as it is and there’s nothing you can do to site is a feeling for and knowledge of rhythms. notes in the middle. discovered, comes and February 1949 issues of ETEDE. It wr ould change it. I know that I do not—cannot Thus we see that an ability to improvise But then, as you have coordinating the also be of help to you to work on the Mute plan an improvisation. The pattern takes over starts with inborn musical feeling—with the the crux of the matter . . . to right. You should take the Exercises in my “Basic Violin Technique.’ RELAX and IMPROVISE! by itself, and I don’t know what’s going ear, if you like—as all true musical expres- left hand with the find, such as Concerning artificial harmonics, you ask if come out before the listener knows it. People sion must. This, then, is followed by certain easiest running studies you can first of is better to draw the tone firmly or to brush Let your sub-conscious rule the keys, as often find this queer. Indeed, listening to knowledge—of harmony, form and rhythm. the first of Wohlfahrt, Op. 45, or the it at the string. someone improvise is like watching a fire. The best example of practical improvising my 12 Bowing Studies, and practice them of playing artificial har- have composers of folk tunes and classics You don’t really want the building to burn may be observed in the filling-in of the jazz a very moderate tempo with a controlled spic- The technique spiccato monics has been dealt with in the October down—yet there’s always a tiny reaction of pianist, who elaborates a spontaneous pattern cato. I discussed this phase of the issue The problem of shift- disappointment when the flames stop. Similar- of rhythm and harmony upon a given theme. on the Forum page of ETLDE last June 1949 of ETUDE. if you read that ing in a passage of harmonics is the same as By GRACE CASTAGNETTA as told to Rose Heylbut ly, when people toss out four unrelated notes Now it is exactly this sort of thing that is (1949). It would help you passage of octaves, inasmuch as it is a at you, they really want you to do something carefully trained out of the serious music again. in a Do you know your alphabet? It will give was Bach himself. We know that with complete anything is that you have been work- matter of contracting or extending the inter- Bach could them—yet when you play off a student, who is forbidden to put in My impression the first and fourth fingers as you the same working tools that Shakespeare not compose from a completely “cold start.” and formed piece from these notes, the people that does not appear on the printed page! ing rather impatiently at the spiccato without val between 7 shifts up or down the fingerboard. This possessed. And if you are familiar with the He would begin by playing other people’s are always a trifle shocked! How, then, shall serious improvisation go having thoroughly mastered the w rist-and- one twelve tones of the chromatic scale, you have music, progress to improvisations of his own, Although improvising undoubtedly depends forward? finger motion, and that you are practicing the minute alteration of the interval can be ac- the basic equipment that Beethoven had. and so arrive at last at quired only by consistent and careful prac- same composition proper. upon an inborn aptitude for thinking musi- My feeling is that the first responsibility “single-note” spiccato too fast. The remedy is It’s the of the tools that makes the There is at present tice, for it must be made automatically. There use a great revival of interest cally, there are a number of points about it lies with teachers of music and, even more, to have and master one principle at difference in improvising which is an excellent is no time for conscious control of the fingers. thing, that can be explained. First of all, an improvi- with parents. Children should be encouraged a time. is this demonstrated more clearly since no form of musical read in October, the bow stroke Nowhere expression searches sation must have form, exactly like a planned to “fool around” the piano, putting down As for the difficulties you have had in mas- As you in the art of improvisation. deeper into one’s basic and firm. light stroke does than musical potentialities. work. There must be balance and complete- keys, picking out melodies, trying out effects tering the sautille arpeggios, very probably must be steady A once considered a necessary I have improvised all life. brilliant harmonic. This is a Improvising, my My mother tells ness. Balance implies proportion among the and experiments for themselves, and for no you have not prepared carefully enough for not produce a part of musical accomplishment, is possibly me I improvised before I was two, point which seems to be misunderstood fre- and I three basic musical ingredients of melody, better reason than that they love to do it. All them. You should study the arpeggios (a) the oldest of the arts. Natural, spontaneous improvised publicly at four. The embarrassing quently. harmony, and rhythm, and also proportion the better if they do love it! This kind of with a pure legato, making sure that the tone emotional expression is the root of all folk- thing about this is I have no idea Incidentally, wdien you are working on some — how to among the various figures and developments “fooling around” should be as much a part of is even on every note and that the arm rises music. The trouveres and the troubadours put improvise! Thousands of letters come to special point of bowing technique, you should me within the structure of the improvisation. musical life as lessons and practicing. The and falls the same distance with every stroke; love, beauty, war, loyalty asking for fioic-counsels I their feelings about ; can’t give them sautille choose the very easiest studies, so far as the Completeness implies a restful sense of prog- important thing, however, is not to let it take (b) legato on the Down bow and on into free outpourings of song. The commedia because I don’t know. left hand is concerned, that you can find. ress from beginning through middle to end. the place of study and practice! Rather, the the Up bow; (c) sautille on the Down bow dell’arte began as improvised plays. I know, of course, that the mechanics of can Kayser and Mazas are most valuable, cer- Hence, a sense of musical form is essential. two should supplement each other. The child and legato on the Up bow. When you all the pre-Bach improvising root in On the instrumental side, rhythm and a sure knowl- The un- things play these exercises evenly and rapidly you tainly, as you suggest, but there are still easier more you know ( about the highly should have the excitement of finding improvisers, as, indeed, edge of harmony (which chords organists were notable follow which will ready the bow spring on each studies, and these ( Continued on page 55 spontaneous sciences of counterpoint, har- out for himself. ( Continued on page 57) be to make

IS 19 ETVDE-DECEMBER 1049 ETUDE-DECEMBER 1949 MEAN-TONE, & EQUALLY TEMPERED SCALES DEPARTMENT edited by William D. Revelli COMPARISON OF THE PYTHAGOREAN, JUST, BAND AND ORCHESTRA

PYTHAGOREAN the octave can be recognized by persons who are not trained musicians. Yet, if we limit piano keyboard in establish- JUST (DIATONIC) ourselves to the ing pitch relationships, we have only twelve More Vital than Ever It is fatal to in- Liberal Arts are oo-raduations to the octave. terpretation to confine ourselves only to those MEAN-TONE pitches when other pitches are available for use. There is no aesthetic justification for By George Howerton the continued use of tempered intonation as a band tuning device. If we are to obtain tonal colors of the most minute distinctions, we must make use of a more refined degree of The problem of thing, divorced from life. It does not exist pitches than can be found in equal tempera- curriculum content is in a vacuum. It is ment. of considerable im- Scales consists of a relationship of pitches. portance in present- made of life itself. Its is conditioned EQUALLY We are indebted to the studies of Pythagoras day educational think- form by the culture in and Ptolemy for the foundation upon which ing. The problem is TEMPERED which it has been we have built much of our present-day ex- to integrate separate produced. perimentation in the matter of pitches. There items of the educa- Factors which de- are four types of scales to be considered when tional program into a the character intonation and tuning are discussed. These unified development termine the culture and the are the Pythagorean, the just, the mean-tone of aspects of man as of faculty are: and the equally tempered. Their measurements a total being. The creative Economics. What are scientific and can be demonstrated in the high degree of spe- 1. tone physics laboratory with the use of proper cialization necessary is the economic or the so- equipment. for expertness in a of the age ciety? well or It can he stated as a cardinal principle of particular profession How THE FOUR WAYS of tuning a scale. Our pianos are tuned C-sliarp and D-flat. Diagram shows how intervals are calculated variations add color thereof how poorly do its in equal temperament (lower line). We use the same note to in Pythagorean, just diatonic and mean-tone scales, aesthetics, that pitch or branch people live? Is it a play C-sharp and D-flat. Players of non-tempered instruments. Adapted from a diagram designed hy Everett Gates, to music. This being so, we can at once dis- must be counterbal- period of economic however, (strings, trombone, etc.) make a distinction between faculty member of Oklahoma City University, Oklahoma. pose of the equally tempered scale for band anced by an aware- of eco- use. The equally tempered scale actually is ness of fields other stringency or a compromise dictated by the necessity for than one’s own. George Howerton, director of cho- nomic ease? having keyboard instruments able to play in No one, of course, ral activities at Northwestern Univer- 2. Social stratifica- sity and one of the nation’s foremost tion. How many so- Does Your Band Play in Tune? all keys. It has been adopted universally can be accomplished constitute for the tuning of keyboard instruments, al- in all branches of hu- teachers, presents his stimulating cial classes modern concept of the place of the the society in ques- though it also seems to have been as widely man activity. One be- arts in present-day school curricula. tion? How wide is the School Bands Should Adjust Pitches adopted for band intonation—a situation comes “Jack of all not pleasing to the thoughtful band conductor. trades and master of none.” In order to fit chasm separating one social class from an- As Carefully as Symphony Players Do The mean-tone scale has fallen into disuse into twentieth-century society one must pos- other? What is the relationship between except as a laboratory device. Hence, we are sess a high degree of specialized proficiency them? is the rela- By James Neilson left with hut two scales to consider, the Py- within his chosen area. Nevertheless, one 3. Governmental system. What thagorean and the just. An examination of ought to be aware of contributions from tionship existing between people and govern- these scales shows that each scale has twenty- other spheres of thought and action. ment? Is government by social contract or the people of the Unfortunately, pitch and pitch relationships been won when the college student is able to emotional content, explicit regard must be one fundamental variations of pitch in the As a result, modem educators seemingly by imposed authority? Do the to are not understood generally by band con- recognize only the interval of the semitone? given to refined intonations. The accumulated octave scale. This, compared with twelve to be desire to take for a model the “universal man” society accord to government power under- Surely, can teach is superimposed on the ductors. Indeed, these factors are not we finer pitch discernment history of music in performance seems to found in the equally tempered, makes the use of the Renaissance, combining universality of rule, or government musicians in the teaching field. than this. within a special field. people by a system in which they have no stood by many demonstrate that this consideration is not of one or the other of them almost mandatory interest and expertness overlook the evi- It is a truism that all music As teachers, we are prone to was intended merely a theoretical one. if the aesthetic principles of interpretation Through comprehension of the values which voice? dence presented to our eyes in the mathemati- by the composer to have expressive content; essentially different viewpoint 4. Technology. What is the mechanical equip- When music is well-constructed and aesthet- are to be heeded. persons of an cal arrangement of pitch frequencies. We de- that is to say, all music was intended by there is possible the development ment of the age? How is its power supplied? the ically satisfying, the principles of repetition, In the just diatonic scale the third, sixth may possess, pend upon our ears, which, not being highly composer to convey a message of emotional of sympathy and cooperation How does it travel, and how long does it take repetition with modification, tension and re- and seventh scale steps are considerably flat- of that spirit trained, are often unable to make the fine dis- significance. No matter how cerebral the to preservation of a society so diverse to get from place to place? With specific re- lease, contrast, and climax points are gen- ter than those to he found in either the Py- essential criminations of pitch that must be maintained working out of the musical ideas may have It is that of the present day. gard to art, what are the technical means erally observed. Pitches normally are a bit thagorean or equally tempered scales. as if artistic and aesthetic considerations are to been, no matter what world-shaking message are inclined The “liberal arts” program is aimed at de- available to the artist in a particular field? sharper at times of tension than in moments for this reason, musicologists prevail. may be implied in its composition, music is of never had velopment of understanding, through aware- How advanced a state has the technological release. In repetition, pitches are shaded to agree, that just intonation has that most per- intended to move first complicated The Seashore tests indicate the heart. Much music There is something about ness of the great intellectual contributions in equipment reached? How are the according to tessitura, a bit sharp in the general acceptance. the pitch has been composed sons are able to discriminate when where a balance has been high the music that repels the use broad areas of human culture. Through these tools and materials of his art? tessitura, a bit flat in the low. In a moving art of semitone. This number lessons maintained between the emotional, Philosophy. does the age think? difference is a the intel- series of is only when music ceases contributions, the student is led to an appre- 5. How What of climaxes, each serial presentation lower pitches. It closer, yet there lectual, and the message as pitch relationships become content. This type of should to intonation is used. Thus ciation of the essential qualities of other peo- are the characteristic thought patterns? What present slightly sharper pitches. At move that a flatter are still many listeners who can distinguish music comprises the major portion of the conductors using ples than his own. are the motivating philosophical impulses? the top level of ensemble performance, these we find our better orchestral or two apart. There output of our better composers. is the nature of its tones only a vibration matters just in final major triads The problem which faces the teacher of 6. Religion. What religious are given most serious considera- intonation only scientific instruments of reason- In its interpretation, the attitude? is of the are available value of using tion. where third seems to proyide courses in the humanities, of which the arts What the concept age as to The performance of concerted music a flatted chord enable one to see pitch dif- refined degrees of pitches should relationship of to whatever able price that not be over- results a most satisfactory blend of tone and feeling are a part, is that of giving the student pro- the man gods he in a multiplicity of effects, but basically make the most precise tonal looked. Indeed, music psychologists worships? does art serve as a for ferences, and to are in Se of conclusion, and at other times when music fessional knowledge and skill without turning How means rCS°^Ve to tc timbre, and rhythm. even to the one-hundredth part complete agreement that in P' ^b conveying religious ideas? adjustments, music of great Whenwv. ceases to be in motion for a moment or two. him into a one-sided specialist. these effects are balanced in correct be 7. Manners and customs. What are the modes of a semi-tone. proportion, It is the custom and tradition in our great First of all, then, the individual art must a good performance is the result. should our music schools social are the social habits This being so, w hy Neilson is intonation. In considered in relationship to its historical and of conduct? What James conductor of band, orchestra It is a scientifically orchestras to use Pythagorean victory has proven fact that from and think that a great and chorus at Oklahoma City background. Art is not an esoteric of the age? What is ( Continued on page 56) be content University, Okla. fifty to using the Pytha- ( Continued on page 54) social two hundred graduations of pitch to

20 21 ETUDE-DECEMBER 1949 ETUDE-DECEMBER 1949 — A uestions and / \nswers

Conducted by KARL W. GEHRKENS, Mus. Doc., IS YOUR VOCAL PROBLEM? Music Editor, Webster’s New International WHAT 2. Dictionary, and Professor Robert A. Melcher, Obcrlin College. daughter has a natural WITH THIS ISSUE ETUDE con- 1. My fifteen-year-old BY ROSE BAMPTON soprano voice that reaches high A-natural tinues its unique reader-service, Within the past year she has developed answered by lead- easily. vocal questions afraid her voice not too late for you to take up a tension in her throat and is of harmony, and especially of al- No, it is What Determines the Phrasing? sive study ing artists of the opera and concert a singer such study might help will crack. She is very anxious to be ways reading ahead of what one is playing the violin, in fact you Q. Would you kindly give me some information world. about her vocal condition. Is of greatly both as pianist and as developing sight- and is worried about phrasing? At one time I studied with a teach- so as to take in the music in large groups Questions of especial interest to she old enough to be studying? er who taught me that all phrases should be broken notes rather than note by note.—K. G. player.—K. G. C. C. other, present teach- will answered by an T. or separated from each but my • • sopranos be er insists that the break should come only at the rule, of course, Is a Degree Necessary? outstanding soprano, tenor ques- There are exceptions to every cadences. Are there any fixed rules, and if not, bow How Can I Learn to Sight-Read? should think it wiser for your daughter sight reading, piano Q. I have been taking piano lessons ever since I tions bv a well-known tenor, and but I is one to determine, particularly in Q. I am a boy of fifteen and I have studied was four, but have never given a thought to making singing for one year. Fifteen is very where the breaks should come? —Mrs. A. H. H. for nine years. I have been told that I play well, and so on. to stop music my career until just recently. Now I have grad- training. After I am preparing to enter music as a profession, either young to begin serious vocal uated from high school and I thought 1 would enter Questions should be sent in care as a concert pianist or a teacher. However, I have daughter could begin again, A. Phrasing in general is determined by the Oberlin or some other great conservatory, but I find a year’s rest your well, and because I know of ETUDE, Bryn Mawr, Pennsyl- never learned to sight-read that I cannot do so because I had, while in high with a good teacher who will specialize in structure of the music, and it is indicated by and that reading is necessary to both performers school, all business, art. and music courses—but no vania. tell the performer that the sounds • voice placement. slurs which teachers, I am anxious to learn. What would be the language, science, or mathematics. Is there any way within the slur are to be performed in a con- best way for me to go about learning to read? that I could get a degree, even from a correspondence guest editor is school? You see, I have a very excellent piano teacher This month’s nected manner, with various types of separa- 2. 1 would also like to know whether it is too late doesn’t degree is necessary in order to for study violin. be able to play the violin who think a Rose Bampton, leading soprano of better composers me to To 2. I have studied with my present teacher tion in between. Most of the teach piano. But I think that in some ways it is with some of my friends would give me great pleas- the Metropolitan. Born in Cleve- audition have marked their phrasing very carefully, but necessary because higher music education is very two years. Recently after an my ure, but do not want to waste the time that would to have. you for thinking difficult good know and Thank land, Ohio, Miss Bampton studied teacher said my tones were under pitch, my sometimes a careless editor makes it required unless I could learn to play well. Will be about my problem. L. —M. we were to to determine just how to perform the music. you give me your opinion? —J. E. B. with the late Horatio Connell at the range was becoming shorter and songs because of the In vocal compositions phrasing is easier be- A. Your dilemma is a fairly common one, Curtis Institute of Music. She made change to mezzo-soprano voice was originally a lyric cause the words are usually an indication of A. Anyone who is reasonably musical and and I will answer your question by stating her Metropolitan debut on her shorter range. My 6. the range of the voice become the composer’s intention. of reasonably high intelligence can learn to that if you are a real genius, then it would 23rd birthday. soprano. Should competent teacher, or should It is hard to give definite rules for phrasing, read music with at least fair fluency, but I not help you to have a college degree; you shorter under a her career as a mezzo- Beginning longer? but the performer ought to know that the believe I could give you some suggestions that would get to the anyway. But if you are a short voice become to top possessed a small group or a larger gathering, try soprano. Miss Bampton M. E. C. phrasing is determined by the structure and might hasten the development of sight-playing merely one of the thousands of intelligent, concentrate on the song, the mood you wish such a phenomenal range that she character of the music, therefore a placid type skill. In the first place, you must read a great ambitious, talented young people who are Singing under pitch is a warning that the to convey, the meaning of the words. Let your soon changed to dramatic soprano of music will naturally have longer phrases, deal of music, and it should be very easy music graduating from high school, liking music and placement of the voice is faulty. Regarding will to project your feelings dominate and you roles. and an agitated movement, shorter ones. If at first—hymn tunes, community songs, very feeling vaguely that they would like to have the range of a voice, the quality of the voice will find you have much less time to think phrasing easy piano pieces, so on. In is the composer has not marked the and general it is some sort of a career in music, then I believe She is especially famed for determines its classification. A voice which about what you think people are thinking of quality that counts, but in the adequately, or if the music has been poorly development of a degree to be extremely important, not only her characterizations of Donna An- well placed should reach extreme high and your work. edited, it is justifiable for the performer to sight-reading ability it is quantity. So you for its own sake, but because the four years na in “Don Giovanni”, Sieglinde low notes without strain. use his own judgment in the interpretation of must go through hundreds of easy composi- of college study will give you an all-round in “Die Walkuere”, and the name the piece. But if he does this he must examine tions, playing each one as perfectly as you can musical training (including harmony, history role of “Aida”. 5. I have been studying singing three years, the music itself very carefully, listen to it, once or twice, then going on to the next one. of with at 3. I a singing teacher. I have a soprano which time I have had four teachers. music, etc.) ; it will provide you am during study its mood and structure, until he feels cer- In the second place, you In addition to her appearances with must train yourself least a glimpse into several fields entirely out- with a pleasant voice, of good range, but To hear me you would not believe I had had tain that he understands the composer’s inten- not to stop to correct mistakes, each season at the Metropolitan, but to keep side of music, thus enlarging your vision by such an excessive tremolo that her tones are any vocal training. I am eighteen, with a tion. going to the end even if you leave out half the Miss Bampton has sung with lead- you tell me an exercise r broadening your horizons; and it will require not true in pitch. Can lyric soprano voice, but the upper and low er Much of the phrasing in any given composi- notes and play the others wrongly! But if you you to live with people away from your own ing opera companies in Europe to cure this? registers are not as strong as the middle. What tion is based on changes of harmony under- do as badly as this, then the material is clearly R. C. home and community—which is often the and South America, and with vir- J. should I do? Where should I study? lying even a very simple melody. A change too hard for reading practice, and you will, most important lesson of all. tually every important orchestra A tremolo is a serious defect in a voice. E. Z. of chord, and especially a modulation, will call therefore put it aside and use something much To be practical, let me suggest that you in the United States. Each season Generally better breath control is advised to Too many cooks spoil the broth, and the easier. for an accentuation or a nuance within the When I refer to “keeping going” I am send at once to half a dozen fine music her concert tours range from coast help in the cure of this trouble. Singing long, same adage holds good for singers. Singing phrase, or sometimes for a completely new thinking especially about keeping the rhythm schools, asking each one for a catalogue. Now to coast. sustained tones on the French sounds pain or is an art. You must seek the answer to your phrase beginning at that point. The other big flowing continuously even though mistakes are study the entrance requirements minutely so timbre, with the sensation of drinking in the own needs. Do not expect a teacher to give factor of course is the rhythm. Any large made in the melody or the harmony. In private life Miss Bampton is as to find out exactly what your entrance breath instead of expelling it, is helpful you a secret short-cut to perfect voice place- the rhythmic pattern is usually change in In the third place, I advise you to begin the the wife of Wilfrid Pelletier, Metro- deficiencies are. Then plan to stay at home for but always with firm control of the breath ment. Each voice and its needs is an individ- while all smaller well as phrased, changes as study of harmony as soon as possible, com- politan conductor and since 1934 another year, studying piano under your “fine support. ual case. You must know what you need and repetitions of figure in the rhythmic pattern pelling yourself to apply to your reading of conductor of the “Metropolitan teacher,’" but spending most of your time re- work toward that end. Make recordings of are separated either by means of accentuation new music the things that you learn about moving as many of the entrance deficiencies Opera Auditions of the Air.” your singing and listen to them often with or by a smaller phrasing within the larger one. chord construction and combination. as I become very nerv- you can—either by means of private tutor- • 4. When I sing in public your teacher. Try to diagnose the good and In all phrasing the performer must remember Finally, in the fourth place, I advise you to . ing • in small groups I sing or by going back to your own high school - ous, while at home or the bad that you hear. there are many small phrasings within that play duets with another pianist or to engage for postgraduate study. of 1950 Guest editor for January will easily. Before an audience I get a “frog” in phrase, these being determined by By the Fall the large in some other sort of ensemble playing. There you could probably enter the school of your he Ezio Pinza, Metropolitan hasso my throat and lose control of my breathing. the harmony and the rhythm. Perhaps this is is nothing like ensemble work for making you fright? choice. currently appearing in the Broad- Is there any cure for stage 6. My vocal range is from G below middle C what your present teacher means by phrasing keep going, and every pianist ought to do some T. This may seem to be a pretty long road, way musical, “South Pacific”. J. to G above high C. That includes the so-called at the cadences. of it. Playing accompaniments for a singer ox- but music is worth the struggle; and if it is The sensation of having a “frog in the “false voice.” I am told that this is an unusu- As for reading phrase-wise during sight- some other soloist or for — the glee club at not worth that much to you, then you ought throat” comes from nerves and sometimes ally long range, but I don’t know the range playing, this comes as a result of more inten- school is excellent also. — probably not try for a career in music.—K. G. from a sense of inferiority. When singing for professional singers (Continued on page 52)

22 ETUDE-DECEMBER 1949 ETUDE-DECEMBER 1949 23 THE PIANIST’S PAGE |

ORGAN PRACTICE A MASTER LESSON on the Sarabande and Bourrees it and how to get from Bach’s “English” Suite No. 2

in A Minor

McCURDY By Guy Maier, Mus. Doc. ByJ ALEXANDER Ralph Which would you rather do: succeed in Hans Bischoff, Wanda Landowska, persuading, students to drink joyously at Kirkpatrick. are right. The inex- Bach’s Fountain of Youth, or satisfy the Perhaps all of them Alexander McCurdy Bach shines through al- % Bach experts by your immaculate playing of haustible vitality of pace, so long as his rhythmical the Bach “style”? This latter would include, most any lines are clearly delineated, and his musical of course, many disputed points . . . execu- for practice. At the West- and cathedrals in Europe were organs available ornaments, use of wide stresses are observed- This often means avoid- The practice situation for organists has al- great churches tion of the Bachian Choir College in Princeton there is blown by hand. As late as 1927 organs were minister range, damper pedal, ing accents on first beats of measures. Albert ways been a problem. What an organist in the or narrow dynamic Dr. Guy Maier second to none; the same is true in difficult to secure for practice purposes that equipment Schweitzer, the great Bach scholar, says time of Bach must have had to go through to so rhythmic freedom. musical others. It seems to noted pianist, writer and was forced to teach in of Oberlin University and his remarkable book, “Out of My Life and practice at any given instrument the great Louis Vierne I think I know which most teachers would get a little organs director had some of his students me that in recent years more and more Thought” (Henry Holt, publishers), “In Bach must have been appalling. The pedal piano an organ factory and prefer! Their first aim is to teach and play available for the student. At practice on the organ there. are becoming all to the accent of the lines of sound do not as a has, without a doubt, been one of the greatest Bach vitally, joyously. Afterward it’s one time if there was more than one organ accents of the per- years ago, I was walking through . . . rule coincide with the natural to through with convincing helps to an organist since its invention. It was Not many the good if they can satisfy the experts ards come made to Winchester Cathedral in England. I heard the in a conservatory, the student was off bar, but advance side by side with these in a Bach is one of the best technique a quite widely used instrument in Schumann’s but if this is impossible, let them shrug formances. softly and upon inquir- take the small ones and very seldom allowed of their own. From this tension be- all composers, since his music days and probably inspired him to write organ playing quite those self-appointed “authorities”. freedom builders of told that the “article pupil” was prac- to get experience on a larger instrument. I tween the accents of the line of sound and practise for control of finger bis Sketches, the Preludes and Fugues, and ing, was There has been altogether too much con- offers ideal was only allowed to know of only one large university where comes the extraordinary The Two- Canons. ticing on the organ. He cern about the Bach style and tradition. Just those of the bars independence and interdependence. one or two soft stops such as the eight this is true now. As I understand it, the large rhythmical vitality of Bach’s music.” Inventions (which should The pedal piano, used for so many years, use as Beethoven is music’s strength, and Mozart and Three-Part and four-foot flutes coupled to a very soft organ in the chapel of this university is for In other words, Bach’s phrases, like all studied players who possess well- is still employed considerably here and abroad is its essence, so Johann Sebastian Bach is only be by pedal. hard organists and organ students the use ONLY of the university organist. He phrases, start with an “up-beat” and Preludes in students’ practice. Albert Schweitzer’s visit How music’s abundance- His art is so all-encom- musical developed technique) and the 48 would find that these days. may teach on it, but none of his pupils may the stressed note further along Clavichord to America recently reminded us of his use of passing that he may be performed in a dozen reach toward and Fugues of the Well-Tempered in The fact that so few churches were heated practice on it. the phrase. Sometimes, of course, the in existence, the pedal piano, as it was the only way different ways and still retain his basic beaut)' in are not only the finest Etudes during the winter months made it exceedingly Although we organists of today do have it falls the first or other time- discipline of which he could keep up his practice at his mis- and power. Listen to the performances of phrase accent on offering digital and intellectual hard for organists to get much practice done. much easier as far as practice is concerned, the opening phrase sion in Africa. Schnabel, Hess, Hutcheson, Landow'ska and beats of measures, as in the highest order, but are also top-notch United I have heard of an organist in Montreal who there are still students who will go through Invention in F, and the offers There are many organists in the other artists and you will reach the conclusion of the two-voiced music. A brace of Bach fugues more in their choir practiced several hours a day with gloves on almost anything to get some practice at a fine of the Minor Fugue (Well Tem- the total output States who keep pedal pianos that there is no strict Bach tradition. subject C satisfaction and release than with the fingers cut out (so that the end of organ. At one of our leading eastern colleges rooms or in studios for private practice. No other composer has given us such pered Clavichord, Bach I, No. 2), but try of Prokofieff, Khatchaturian and Shosta- were still his digits could touch the keys), a hat on, a the chapel organ, which is a masterpiece, is in the subject of the Even when I was a boy, there abounding vitality, such ebullient, bouncing to accent first beats kovitch. nubia, a sweater, an overcoat and of all now used 24 organ is as- some organs that were pumped by hand. I hours per day. The rhythms and magical movement. Play Bach B-Flat Major Fugue (Book I, No. 2) and Why don’t pianists play more Bach fugues? in 1920 things, a pair of rubbers. This was Lynnwood signed by the hour from eight in the morning played in a church in cleanly and without pedal and he speaks with see what happens to the music! Because teachers haven’t had the courage or in this manner. The boy who Farnam. No one could have accomplished until midnight, then it is assigned from 12 are that was pumped a delightfully precise accent; play him deep- Ex. 1 imagination to teach them. The fugues more than he. and operated the bellows was paid by the month, to three, three to five, five to six-thirty pedal and his by no means as black as they look. Most ly, smoothly and with damper =Pl say that can’t play in rub- that included an hour or so for the Some may one from six-thirty to eight A.M. The students puzzles, play- and speech turns to liquid gold; give him some e) a a pianists go in for cross-word practice. When a pedal bers, but one can certainly practice in them sign up for this several advance. As pumper-organist to weeks in con- 6 i chess other games which require leeway and he will expand and expound A 1 ^ bridge, or I like rjnJr j. f . available, I practiced upon the if he has to. always to quote Gaston a matter of fact, the to work is in -j piano was not best time tentedly. much freedom will thicken his W- some concentrated mental exercise. Why not Too -5P-— -J I PgUp Hg wind and wT as thankful to have Dethier: “A good organist can play in rubber the middle of the night. organ without tongue, but even then his inimitable accent take a fugue for a change? First, divide the that opportunity. boots.” Not too long sent to even ago, I had a calendar will persist through the heady speech. The musical stress is obviously on the third fugue into short, arbitrary sections of a few The larger proportion of churches now have It interested me to hear the late Lynnwood me from the Cathedral of Saint John receiving the least Church You will be wise if you formulate your beat, with the first beat measures and play each fugal voice separately some heat during the winter months. Many Famam tell about playing recitals in certain (Episcopal) in Wilmington, Delaware. Mr. ertmhasU each own eclectic Bach style—and let the “authori- dynamic several times slowly. Then psay hand - churches arrange to have the console covered -v V. . , . churches when he was in London. I assume Paul H. Terry is the organist and choirmaster small sections) ties” go hang. Heaven knows they are always In tV*' whtcii Js alone slowly (always in and century. so that the organist can use a small electric Sarabande h A Minor that this was around the turn of the of this church. His program features a supe- beAn to memorize Hae hands wrangling to prove this '*r that—ana get the tnmedibtety and distinguished. heater and be fairly comfortable while he is printed in this month’s music section His programs were long rior boys' choir. He has a probationary group w kvA leisurely practicing. In large cities there are organs h9 W.o. Ilerc’fe Otic examj*^ of their hope- stress or lift is on the second beat of the (separately. AfieLard as you When an organist was engaged for these re- so he is able to take the boys when they are your bed c dlva>., or so for available for students for almost any rental less disagreement: Five Bach scholars and measure; and if you will examine the Bour- on the porch 5? sink into r citals, he was only allowed an hour quite young. He gives them a sound musical will by to do the kind rate that the student can afford to pay. editors indicate (or play) the Canon in rees which also appear this month you play each hand separately, very slowly practice. How it was possible background in order that when they become such circumstances, The facilities for practice in schools and the Sixth from the Goldberg Variations any- see for yourself how Bach’s music will elude memory on an imaginary keyboard. Later, of job that he did under singers and can sing in the choir, they are the if plunk out the first and third the together, first at said that he was very thank- colleges throughout country have in- where from eh 66 to j=96 Change this to you you memorize hands the is beyond me. He capable of doing fine work. in- creased. quarter-notes, and you will quarters of measures. piano, then in your lying-dowrn state. This is hour at the console for an J=i92 . ful for even an He teaches many of the boys to play the J =132 to he was to play. At the Eastman School of Music in appreciate its wide divergence. Who is right? “Bach for Bounce” is a good slogan . . . a wonderful therapy and will cure many of strument that piano and to those who are interested, he recent years, the organs Rochester, New York, there is a perfect setup Take your choice: The authorities are no Pianists love to practise his music because your musical ailments. For such trifling exer- Until comparatively leaches the organ. He has produced some out- compels even the dull- tion ( Dame Cathedral in Paris and other for the organ student. There are plenty of standing slouches—Max Reger, Josef Rheinberger, its rhythmic buoyancy your head and Continued on next page) in Notre organists ( Continued on page 52)

ETUDE-DECEMBER 1949 25 24 ETUDE-DECF.MRER > 949 )

A Master Lesson of Bach’s rapid movements. More SARABANDE (Continued from page 25) Name conservative tempos should be the Can You FROM ENGLISH SUITE No. II A MINOR heart will possess priceless musical rule, simply because the compre- treasures; and you will soon find hension of Bach’s complicated These Musicians your general technical control parallel lines of sound becomes im- greatly improved. possible if a too rapid pace is set. Don’t worry, either, about On the other hand, Bach’s slow Bach’s embellishments. Follow Er- pieces should never be dragged. Minor Sarabande Clarinets. B. nest Hutcheson’s wise advice. He The noble A AVE fun and at the same A. Sousa- 1. falls to pieces if you take it you phones. C. Saxophones. says in his indispensable book, H time see how much D. - - Follow the origi- Cornets. “The Literature of the Piano” less than 50 58 know about the fifteen items in publishers), “Since the nal, basic Sarabande pattern one (Knopf, this musical quiz. Count 2. 10. Many composers were fa- essence of an ornament is that it point for each one you get Ex. 2 their inessential, it is no 13-15. mous for pianistic is something right. Scores: Excellent, them IJ J. J'U J. >1 abilities as well as for their disaster if. you get a few of Good, 10-12. Fair, 6-9. wrong.” Also, that on the modern 3. paper work. One of these, which Bach has set by giving the piano, “many embellishments these composers however, was well-known second quarters of many measures Which of have lost much of the importance string quartet? A. as an organist. A. Chopin. a soft, sighing stress. The Sara- wrote no in Bach’s time. C. Jo- B. Franck. C. Liszt. D. they possessed bande’s hushed harmonies and Brahms. B. Mozart. mainly to Paderewski. Their function then was melodic color sing hann Strauss. D. Verdi. subtle lines of 4. give accents at will and prolong in the half-lights and shadows of the tone considerably, so the rai- One of these men wrote no 11. One of these sopranos is an a majestic forest. Repeat Part I son d’etre of the ornaments tends opera. A. Glinka. B. Gior- American. The rest are na- with softer hues. It is not neces- to vanish.” dano. C. Chopin. D. Han- tives of Australia. Name sary to repeat Part 4. Start this When you do play the embel- del. the American. A. Nellie second part pianissimo and let its a few 5. Melba. B. Austral. lishments just remember gradually. Do fervency build up many rules, viz., that the first note of all Kreisler composed C. Helen Jepson. D. Mar- not let down until the end of the of these is trills, mordents or appogiaturas pieces, but one jorie Lawrence. second last measure- The Sara- B. falls on the beat, never before the not his. A. “Liebesleid.” bande should finish richly, and 6. Chinois.” C. beat; trills start on the note above “Tambourin 12. Who was Theodor Leschet- not too softly. the Mr. Hutcheson “Humoresque.'’ D. “Caprice izky? A. Russian composer. principal note. Sometimes Bach Bourrees are suggests an excellent alternative Viennois.” B. Violin virtuoso. C. Bas- confused with Gavottes; even to the old rule of giving a long so. D. Famous piano teach- Saint-Saens was guilty in his piano 7. Which American wrote a grace note half the value of the Bourree from er. arrangement of the composition dealing with principal note. He says, “Play the the Suite. errone- Violoncello He Carroll’s “Alice in long grace note exactly as long as Lewis 13. One of these “words and ously called it “gavotte” . . . A. John Al- written (eighth, quarter, sixteenth, Wonderland”? music” teams did not exist. Almost all Bach Gavottes and 8. den Carpenter. B. William etc.) on the beat; and deduct its A. Leoncavallo and Mas- Bourrees are in alia breve ( % Still. George value from the principal note.” Grant C. cagni. B. Wagner and Wag- Bourrees begin on the meter; but Taylor. Three cheers for Mr. Hutche- Gershwin. D. Deems ner. C. Verdi and Boito. D. fourth quarter of the measure son’s courage, candor and wisdom! Debussy and Maeterlinck. are, (Gavottes on the third) and 9. Who is not a harpist? A. as a rule, livelier or more boister- Nathan Milstein. B. Alber- 14. “Boogie-woogie” is not The Sarabande and Bourrees ous than Gavottes. Bach frequent- to Salvi. C. Carlos Salzedo. new. before Pine Top in and Long A Minor Major ly followed the first Bourree with D. Lily Laskine. Smith’s day there was an In playing Bach’s music use a second, then a da capo as in the Italian name for it. A. Reci- damper pedal wherever you think two Bourrees in this month’s Three of these four are tativo. B. Pensieroso. C. the music will be enriched by it; music section. The A Minor American-born conductors. Basso ostinato. D. Basso and play with rhythmic flow and Bourree swaggers along (about Which isn’t? A. Alfred profundo. lyric Major elasticity just as you would any J= 96 -io4 ) ; the A Wallenstein. B. Artur Rod- Bourree, by contrast, is like the zinski. C. Edwin other composer’s music. Use fre- MacAr- 15. Which of these Russian placid feminine companion of a thur. D. Leonard quent and marked phrasing con- Bernstein. composers has written the bragging male. Play the eighth trasts of loud and soft, and don’t most symphonies? A. Mias- hesitate to employ soft pedal gen- notes of the rhythmic pattern One of these instruments kowsky. B. Tchaikovsky. C. erously. Try to give each contra- is not used in the symphony Ex. 3 Shostakovich. D. Proko- orchestra. A. Celeste. puntal voice its own color or qual- j B. j —] j I ! I fieff. J J J J J—J J Contrabassoon. ity. In many of Bach’s two-voiced C. Tuba. D. pieces this is done simply by play- smoothly, or you’ll find yourself Ocarina. ing one voice legato and richly, staggering instead of swaggering! ANSWERS TO PART V Among those so-called and the other slightly non-legato And now, before the angry 4. woodwinds is a brass instru- 1. C. 2. C. 3. C. By Dvorak. and lightly. Example: The Bour- swarms of the Busy Bach Bee ment. A. Flute. B. Piccolo. D. “Through the Looking ree in A Minor. Protective Societies swoop down C. French horn. D. English Glass” Suite. 5. A. He’s a A besetting sin of this genera- to annihilate me, I’ll slip into my horn. violinist. 6. B. Born in Po- tion is its excessively fast playing secret hide-out! land. 7. D. 8. C. 9. A. 10. B. In a military band one of 11. C. 12. D. 13. A. 14. C. these groups of instruments 15. A. Last time I heard, BACH’S VAST OUTPUT of music for keyboard instruments included corresponds to the violins his six small Suites, called “French” Suites, and six large “English” Suites. Miaskowsky had written of a symphony The Suite No. 2 in A Minor was probably written at Colhen, during the orchestra. twenty-fourth symphony. years 1717-23. It utilizes the Sarabande, Bourree and other 17th century dance rhythms.

26 27 ETUDE-DECEMBER 1949 KTUJ)K - DKCKMBKH. 1040 — — —r ' i P — $ —

BOURREE I FROM ENGLISH SUITE No.II A MINOR

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ETUDE -DECEMBER 19ii ETUDE- DECEMBER 1949 29 BOURREE II BY A CRYSTAL FOUNTAIN No. II A MINOR of the exact evenness in every square of a FROM ENGLISH SUITE Your success in learning this piece willbe based upon forming a mental conception metronome if available. Then checkerboard and practicing at first with strict attention to metrical regularity. Practice with a the second part should be heard as a murmur, when the composition is memorized, add the color and expression. The right hand in while the left hand plays the melody like a French horn. Grade Si- STANFORD KING Flowingly (J- = 96 )

30 ETUDE -DECEMBER l9i9 DREAM WALTZ L.H. its intriguing Johann Strauss said that the waltz should always be undulating- wavelike. Dream Wultz with harmonic treat- right swing it maj be ma de uiy ment is one of the best works we have seen from the pen of Mr. Hopkins. 4V ith the effective. Grade 3j. Andante con mo to JOSEPH M. HOPKINS

make this a desirable teaching piece. Grade 4. MORTIMER BROWNING

Copyright 1949 by Theodore Presser Co. British Copyright secured 32 ETUDE-DECEMBER 19i9 Hammond Registration 00 5300 33 ANGELUS-MEDITATION @ (lo) 23 8884 200 I. SEBASTIAN MATTHEWS Q)dl) i 7775 220 Molto tranquillo (J = 54) [*]ff| (ll) 00 Adagio _ Sw. soft 8' & 4' rr\ ^TN rn A AAA A AAA l—-*

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ETUDE - DECEMBER 1919

?> ENTR’ACTE II from “ROSAMONDE

etude - December 1949 A RHUMBA SERENADE FOR Bi> . TRUMPET AND PIANO Here is another ETUDE innovation. Tens of thousands of students in high school now play different instruments of the band and chestia. tVe hope to have some of these instruments represented from time to time in ETUDE.

Copyright 1949 by Oliver Ditson Company 40 International Copyright secured ETUDE- ETUDE-DECEMBER 4919 DECEMBER 1949 41 — —- — —-

LITTLE RUSSIAN DANCE

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Copyright 1942 by Theodore Presser Co. British Copyright secured p-]• # r-« 0 0 r L-f. — » 1 W -• *t— H */— f — Hl -*t — f COME WITH TORCHES, JEANNETTE, ISABELLA 1- ’t* — -± 7 Tr. by Paul Bliss FRENCH -I Grade ij. 4f - Richter - 2 Arr. by Ada . — =Tf f Wf ^ j* -#— -• iz s Nr— ^^4 Come with torch-es, Jean- nette, Is - a bel - la; Come joy! M mf with torch-es; come hith - er with J «* =£= 0 - S E£- £ in

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c °pyright 1949 by Theodore Presser Co. British Copyright secured ETUDE DECEMBER 1949 43 THE DRUM MAJOR

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pf\ etude - December 1949 ^ 7 1

The Claque-Hector Berlioz

jrorn page 14) (iContinued However, the masters of the three francs and a glass claque in each man general are not fond of such ebullient of brandy. amateurs as myself. But in this case the Emperor for They have a decided antipathy does not only receive free for the enthusiasts his part who applaud parterre. Bank notes in their tickets to the ranks w ithout a rehearsal. ut his pockets, and in At first also fall into one performance at staggering numbers. One of the which there was to be, as the Ro- in the artists appearing new work mans put it, “a heavy pull,” that 1 fVJ 1 T 1 m \ * perhaps wishes to be “supported” is, great difficulty for Auguste’s M [ ii 1 1 1 manner. He of- soldiers in an exceptional in overcoming the public, the I fers several free tickets to Em- happened to sit on a parterre peror. The latter assumes his most bench which the Emperor had

frigid manner and takes from his marked on his batttle-plan as be- wallet a handful of free tickets. ing his own personal property. I

“You see,” he says, “I have all had been there a good half-hour, '

these that I need. What I lack conscious of the hostile looks of I of fV jj J i . evening is men, and in order my neighbors, who seemed to be (1 If this f to get them I shall have to pay.” wondering how to get rid of me, II ) The artist lakes the hint and and I was wondering in spite of

slips into Caesar’s hand 500 francs my clear conscience how I might

or so. have offended these lieutenants, Now you can see why it is the when the Emperor Auguste, strid- theatre director who is paid by the ing into the midst of his general head of the claque, and how easy staff, said brusquely: “My dear

it is for the latter to make money. sir, I must ask you to move; you The first great Roman whom I cannot stav here.” knew at the Paris Opera was called “Why not?”

Auguste. The name is a lucky one “Well, it is impossible. You are for a Caesar. He was cold and in the middle of my front line, aloof, speaking little, absorbed in and you cut me in two.” his meditations and in his plans It may be believed that I hast- of grand strategy. However, my ened to leave the field free to this enthusiasm in applauding spon- master strategist. taneously the operas of Gluck and Would you believe, gentlemen, Spontini and the singing of IVIme. that there is talk of driving the Branchu and Derivis won me his Romans out of the opera? Several special esteem. newspapers have announced this It was at about that time that reform, which I will not believe

my first score (a High Mass) was in even when I see it. The claque, brought out at the Church of as a matter of fact, has become Saint-Roch. The elderly worship- necessary to our times. The cla- ers, the lady who rented chairs, quers at our theatres have become the beadles and all the loafers of skilled technicians. Their trade has the neighborhood declared them- achieved the status of an art. selves entirely satisfied, and I was Besides, who would recall the naive enough to believe I had had star performer after the third and a success. fifth acts? Who would cry “Every- On meeting me two days after body! Everybody!” at the end of this performance, the Emperor the performance? Who would Auguste said: “Well, well! So you laugh at the jokes of the prin- made your debut at Saint-Roch cipals? Who would cover up with the day before yesterday. Why the timely applause the bad note of a euce didn’t you let me know? bass or tenor to prevent the 6 should have all been there.” public from hearing it? The I didn’t realize you liked re- thought makes one shudder. W. W. KIMBALL COMPANY, 3 1 Jackson Blvd., Chicago hgious music.” Moreover, the maneuvers of the E. Please send me your on the new Kimball Consolette Heavens, no! What an idea! claque form part of the interest folder ut in French Provincial and many other styles. we would have given you a of the performance. It is amusing warm reception.” operation, and it is to see it in NAME. How so? One doesn’t applaud also possible that if the claquers Mt church.” were barred from certain perform- No> one doesn’t applaud, but ances, there would be no one left °ne CITY. ZONE roughs, one blows his nose, in the hall. °ne itches his chair forward, one The suppression of the Romans crapes his feet on the floor, one in France is, happily, nothing but ^claims, and “Hum, Hum!” one lifts a mad dream. The heavens eye h^s s to heaven. Why, we would the earth may pass away, but Rome Ve claque will ]jf S''en you a real success, just is immortal and the e a fashionable preacher.” not pass away. etude -DECEMBER 1949 49 n ! —

The Claque—Earl Wilson VOICE QUESTIONS » there Has Your Child Poem by JAMES FRANCIS COOKE a (Continued from page 15) ner, picked here is something for every up his coat which the advantage of piano study with Editor-in-Chief of The Etude musical he are Century's latest publications even started moving! I had a member of the Reading by RODEHEAVER taste in Century Edition at the line draped over the rail, and, like HOMER Answered by Nicholas Doufy 20c a with Hammond Organ Background for grades I and 2. .20c a copy. to appreciate then what it a clerk beating copy. be^an the five-o’clock NATIONAL GUILD One of the loveliest Christmas poems ever writ- in line all ten. Read with fitting southern charm and lilt. must mean to wait night whistle, went up to of PIANO TEACHERS SHURA DVORINE Conductor High fidelity recording captures every mood, EARLY FRENCH KEYBOARD MUSIC Inc. Series ticket. every glorious organ tone. On the other side for a World Nick and said, “Hokay?” Church . 3636 At . . Masterfully Edited by A goal of achievement for every student captivating Negro spiritual Rise Up Shepherds, 3937 Dopo th& Donkey the throat. He has a about eight-fifteen, hav- suitable to his age and advancement. sung by Homer Rodeheaver. No. 1014A. for back into ISIDOR PHILIPP . . At The opera still had ten Order Oratorio Solos minutes (NOT A CONTEST) 3938 Lonely Shore Price $1.15, postpaid. to learn, in spite of the 3903 COUPERIN, The Butterflies, Dm-2-4 in line for one hour and to Tenor Voice great deal ing been go, but Conductor Nick waved The Better Teachers Are Members 3939 Song of the Prairie 3904 COUPERIN. The Fickle Countrymaid nature has blessed him 1 I found Chapters in every large music center 3940 Yellow Butterfly Q. Will you please suggest two ora- fact that A-4-5 fifteen minutes, myself him good night. (tyU4t*Ka& “Deluxe FOR 3905 DAGINCOURT, The Windmill, D-4 INFORMATION WRITE RODEHEAVER'S torio solos (contrasting) for tenor voice, with a good voice. Coax it, nurse in the Standing Room “He’s HOMER ALBUM No. 2 3906 DAQUIN, The Swallow, D-4 actually a-done, so why not?” All the Way to Calvary MEETING THE MASTERS other than those in the “Messiah”’ anil IRL ALLISON, M. A. of years, and 3907 RAMEAU, The Hen, Gm-4 I Walk with the King it along for a couple Section. And after looking around Nick was heard to FOUNDER AND PRESIDENT say. Mother's Prayers Have Very easy arrangements the “Elijah,” to be of medium difficulty, Box 1113 AUSTIN, TEXAS Followed Me neither he nor you will regret it. Claquer, the cook. How Tedious and Tasteless over octaves, front PIANO SOLOS I found my Once the Claquers were paid a FANNY G. ECKHARDT with a range not two In the Garden on your excellent in 4 and 5 for festival contest? My compliments Grades 3, Claquers were salted here small fee, Jesus Took My Burden 3957 Beethoven for the Young Pianist C to C, suitable a The but now they receive 3899 BACH, Prelude and Brighten the Corner Where You Are advice! Fugue in C Minor, -5 3958 Brahms for the Young Pianist —E. B. B. teaching and good there along the rail and were only free 3909 BARTOK, Evening in the Country, 2-3' and Standing Room. Grace Make Somebody Happy Today 3959 Chopin for the Young Pianist PIANO TEACHERS 3910 BEETHOVEN, Bagatelle Op. 33 No. alert to the music. 4 Records, 8 sides. Price S5.00 Postpaid 6 D-3 marvelously Moore told me, “The Claque is an New Technical 3960 Mozart for the Young Pianist in Exercise for strengthening are suggestions. Letter 2: I am 16, and am active 3898 BEETHOVEN, Polonaise, Op. 89, C-5' Order today and send for complete A. Here some the fingers that eliminates the necessity of 3961 Schubert for the Young Pianist 3902 BRAHMS, Rhapsody Op. 119 are hired for the night by undeniable fact, catalog of Rainbow Sacred Records church and neighbor- No. 4, Eb-4 They and they all use Total Eclipse. (“Samson”) Handel. a school choir, all others. One complimentary sample to 3962 Schumann for the Young Pianist 3843 CHOPIN, Polonaise in A Flat, Op. 5-6 junior high school 53, or three major artists, and it. It’s necessary all piano teachers. hood choir. In my 3901 CHOPIN, Three Etudes (Posthumous) two to have them be- 3963 Tschaikowsky for the Young Pianist In native worth. (“The Creation”) -4 Write years I sang first tenor with a boys’ 3946 COWELL. All Dressed Up, D-3 their principal client this night cause applause RAINBOW RECORDS 3964 Wagner for the Young Pianist at the right time LUCILLE Haydn. Be thou faithful unto death change 3947 COWELL. The Good Old Days, Dm-3 DESIN Winona Lake, Indiana chorus, then my voice began to Bidu Sayao, the 3948 COWELL, Homesick Lilt, F-3 was evidently means so much to an artist.” West Main Rd. North East, Pa. (“St. Paul”) Mendelssohn. King at years of age, and last year 1 WILLIAM KREVIT 14% 3949 COWELL, Pa Jigs Them All Down, G-3 pretty Brazilian girl. The tempo- “You pay $30 to begin the ap- sang second bass in the A Cappella 3950 Pegleg Dance, 3942 The Clowns ever glorious (“The Crucifixion”) COWELL, Am-4 lower 3913 HANDEL, Adagio & Bourree, (Water rary conductor of the Claque was plause, and if 2nd EDITION. COMPLETE TREATISE Little Lost Choir, though some of the notes you want an extra ON MUSIC EXCHANGE 3941 Bear Stainer. soul is athirst for God. -3 My Music), Tired of your sheet music, albums, or books? Trade 3943 Picnic than low-G were a strain for me. Tins quiet little Greek, Nick them for others Party 3914 HANDEL, Air (Water Music), F-3 a nice, bravo, that’s $10 more,” said her TRANSPOSITION from folks who want a change too. (“The Holy City”) Gaul. How Send 5c for each sheet music number and 10c for 3944 Trapeze Waltz year I was switched to and l 3915 HANDEL, Andante & Hornpipe Covering ALL problems of Transposition b< k or album exchanged. Minimum order (Water Clappas, of 531 West 135th Street, A« 2?, Spanish husband and manager, Send for folder or send $2.00 for book $1.00. We pay postage back. Satisfaction guaranteed many hired servants (“The Prodi- extremely. Music). F-3 nionev bark. have been enjoying my music Charles Lagourgue, 35 W. 57th Street New York 19 3911 KABALEVSKY, Sonatina, Am-2-3 and I don’t know why I don’t Valentin Parera. “If you pay $10 SCHROETER’S, 1905 S. 7ttl St., Sioux Falls. S. D. "STATES OF OUR NATION" gal Son”) Arthur Sullivan. At the end of the first semester I was We 3912 LIADOV, Prelude in Bb Minor, -3 Additions to this popular 2nd make up some kind of a pun about more, get still have not suggested any Bach arias, given a voice test, and due to the fact 3849 NEVIN, Narcissus. Ab-3 you more bravos.” 3900 SCHUBERT, Moment Musical, Op. grade folk song series by that I seem to have a good range, be- 94 a man named Clappas leading the My cook, though, is one of my for they are always difficult, both No. I, C-4 cause of shortage of tenors it was BERNARD WHITEFIELD a 3908 SCHYTTE, Witches Revel. Am-3 clapping. Nick Clappas stood along favorite idealists in the world. musically and vocally. If you had CLASSIFIED decided that I should sing first tenor. ADS *3951 California SOLOS the back wall in the Standee When he is standing there stand- sent more details about your voice, I found that I straining, so 1 ORGAN *3952 Louisiana was Arranged by Kenneth Walton Section, and I edged up in the to ing there—in the darkened back TRUE MUSIC I *3953 Minnesota your musicianship, and your sense asked to be changed back baritone XBKRSTAXDIXG PLAY PIAYO BY EAR! A “sound” 3927 Arioso, Medium through correspondence course (Har- system. Booklet free. Joe Boucher, *3954 North Carolina of diction, and was given the reply, “We need darkness to watch him closely. of the house, exploding his hands perhaps we might have 3928 The Palms (Les Rameoux) Medium mony, Counterpoint, Analysis). Manu- Box 12-E, Ottawa, Canada. (Back *3955 first I hit an scripts discussed, Ohio tenors.” am not able to F 3929 Star of the East, Medium They had no signal system that I together and hoarsely shouting revised. Music numbers popular songs for sale. Old been more helpful to you, but we Reading' by mail. Write for informa- *3956 Pennsylvania above middle C without considerable 3930 Elegie, Easy songs wanted. List 10^ coin.) could notice. all tion. Goldner, So Barrow, Yolk, hope that these suggestions may 2931 Coronation March, Medium But they held “Bravo!” he is realizing bliss. It’s New strain. Do you think I am in danger oi N. Y. C. MEISEL, INC., 4 St. Marks Place, * 3932 Evening Star, Medium These pieces have words for singing if their tense, de- help you to solve your problem. ruining my voice by such a vocal hands ready to begin all he wants in the world. Neat, New York City 3, N. Y. Sottnek Mas- sired. Our graded and classified or our com- HARMOXY, Composition, Orches- ter Tuner Tailpiece for Violin to- listing strain? interested Our graded and classified or our complete applauding just last plete catalogue over 3900 numbers is The best of luck to you I am in directing a as the note clean, masculine, and good enough tration, Musical Theory. Private or gether with Cathedral Chrotnespun catalogue listing over 3900 numbers is free at free at your dealers or on request from us. Correspondence Instruction. Manu- Strings Set choir. your dealers or of the client’s aria Complete $10,00, on request from us. died. looking, he has never married, be- scripts revised and corrected. Music CFNTURY —G. L, arranged. S. 32-46 MUSIC PUBLISHING CO. Two Sad Letters Upon CENTURY PUBLISHING CO. This timing, of course, was vast- cause as a cook he wouldn’t be Frank Butler, 107 MUSIC St., Corona, N. Y. 47 West 43rd St. New York 23. N. Y. 47 West 63rd St. New York 23. N. Y. the Same Subject. ly important; they must begin the able to afford a wife and the op- Lists. 'E. Hirschmann, 100 Duncan Answer 2: We certainly do think LEARY PIANO TCYIYG—Simpli- Jersey! City, New Jersey. Letter I: I have a pupil only applause before the song was actu- fied, authentic instruction $+.00 Lit- 17, with that if you continue trying era too. — to sing PIANO TUNING PAYS erature free. Prof. Ross, 456 Beecher VIOLINS FOR SALE: Disposing* a very promising tenor voice. lias ally MUSIC TEACHERS He finished, get the applause well He pronounces it “awpera” and St., Elmira, N. Y. Cremonas including Stradivarius. one day, tenor, the next, baritone, Profession studied about eight months is Learn this Independent Guadagnini, Camelli. Gaglianos, and still started and then, about and and still — as the applause says, candidly, “I’m crazy LEARY PIAYO TUNING AT HOME. others. Hill, Hermann, Lewis, Your students progress rapidly and having some difficulty with his high another day, bass, you AT HOME Hamma perform Course by Dr. Wm. Braid White. Pay certificates. Write: Fine Arts Gal- better when they use a good began to fade away, they must awpera. I hang around here like a metronome under your guidance notes. He is singing in two church will eventually strain your vocal as you learn. Write Karl Bartenbaeh, leries, 714 E. Second Street, Flint, start it all over around a sa- 1001A Wells St., Lafayette, Ind. Mich. choirs and three high school choruses, cords badly and will be able to again, and keep drunken man hangs sometimes leading the tenor section it alive MUSICAL sing none of them as long as possible. loon. If I don’t get in, I’m licked.” PIANO PRACTICING ANNOYING PERSONALIZED STA- acceptably. Na- OTHERS? Mayo’s Muting Device Eas- TIONERY'. Beautifully printed with and singing his high tones too open. The ture determines for you whether cook didn’t work hard. On The cook usually works in the ily Attached or Detached by Anyone YOUR name and Photocut of ANY In- At his lessons he uses his voice well, strument 100 Letterheads the without harming mechanism. State — —75 Enve- shall first burst of applause, eight saves some money, and lopes. Both but I have told him if he expects to you be a tenor, a baritone, or summer, upright, grand or spinet. Send $5.00 $2.00 Postpaid. WONDER- for mute, full FUL Christmas or ten whacks to go to the instructions. Money — Birthday CIFT.S. make progress, he must give up some a bass. We cannot understand how Our patented TONOMETER with BEAT would be enough. takes the winter off, hack guarantee. Richard Maj-o, Piano TERMINAL, 4S18!4 Kimball, Chicago ail GAUGE is a scientific teaching-tuning He Technician, 25. or of the chorus work, though I any director can tried to be first, and when opera. He goes to both matinee Dept. 003, 1120 Latona he so ignorant of instrument that simplifies learning and Street, Phila. Pa. realize the value 47, of chorus singing. assures accuracy with or without knowl- some He sel- TEACHERS—Your pupils will en- At your dealer or send direct the ordinary principles of voice amateur Claquer got in and evening performances. I hope you will uphold my judgment, edge of music. Action Model and tools ORGANS FOR SALE: Guaranteed joy playing these melodious, easy to culture as to furnished. Diploma granted. Great ahead of him, he a ticket, unless he can’t organs, play recital pieces. THE STORY. as he has promised to abide by your make you sing all looked annoyed, dom buys pipe reed organs and pianos. TO Remittance enclosed, please send me: shortage of tuners makes this a PROF- Cannarsa A TEAR, MAGIC SKIS, DARLIN. Any ret he some par- Organ Company, Hollidays- Standard Franz Electric decision. Thank you. three of them. Make your choice ITABLE and UNCROWDED field. couldn’t be too early—it get in as a Claquer for burg, Pa. three for one dollar. Garrison Studio, G.I. 1418 Fairfield Ave., Metronome Q $15.00 D. PIONEER SCHOOL—50th YEAR. would des- Bridgeport 5, Conn. —M. H. and stick to it. In the meantime, booklet. spoil the end of the aria ticular opera that he wants With Perfect Flash-Beat $15.95 APPROVED. Write for free OBOE REEDS. Hand Made. Tuned Q or SI, OOO IN SCHOLARSHIPS for stu- have an audition NILES SCHOOL the star. It see. and Tested. $1.50 each; $15.00 dozen. Book/ "Metronome Techniques". . $ 1.00 with the most BRYANT would only take perately to dents, instrumentalists, arrangers. 10 Bryant Washington 16, D. C* C. Robison, 216 W. 41st St., Marion, Answer I: At 17 no boy’s voice Bldg.. eight Write or call Dr. Mawry Name famous singing teacher in your or ten more good solid “I never got married because I lnd. Deutsch, 153 West 57th St., New York City. Ci 6-55 is completely settled. For a year or whacks 6S Address neighborhood. Sing for him and to get the applause started knew' I wouldn’t have the money BACK POPULAR SHEET MLTSIC to REED ORGAN internal electric two longer, he must use it with the U 1850. Ballads, Ragtime, Everything. ask his opinion. You P again after it to come here,” he says. blower plans, patterns. Finch, 266 are very had dropped off, or the time List 10<*. Classics exchanged for Popu- FRANZ MFG. CO., INC. .. Sweeney, North Tonawanda, X. Y. utmost care under your complete young, and and then, of the lar. Fore’s, E3151 High, Denver 5, Colo. k New Haven, Conn. A your voice is still un- Pianos 125 in the manner of one who Frequently if the boss WANTED FOR BUYERS OF THE VI, direction. If he expects to improve settled. FINE CONDITION AGENTS 1 ought UNUSU It w ill be at least two, his job doesn't have standing room BOOKS OY THE TIOLIY: Invalu- True copy of 1830 illustrated and Delivered To Your Door was well done, he claque edition and some day to become a tenor able for technique and connoisseur- John Howard Payne’s "Home Meet the Greet Music Masters Face to Face.. perhaps three years Write for detailf would fold home and Sweet before it bis arms and let the for him, he returns ship. Few inexpensive hand made Home” in color on Strathmore text A magnificent art gallery of 22 life-like portraits soloist, CO. fiddles. Houghton, (4" x 5") of world famous composers by brilliant he dare not sing as often reaches a certain CUNNINGHAM PIANO other 42 Newbridge paper. $1.50 postpaid. Dealers write artist maturity. people records. R. A. Loederer. Ideal as graduation and There- applaud. He would listens to phonograph Street, Newcastle-on-Tvne 2, England. Christmas gifts. When framed, they add glamorous PHILA. 44. PENNA. „ for brochure. Clara E. Howard, Box and as strenuously as he is doing 'jot new beauty to your home. Paste them on your music fore, do not sing too much, continue published many 1177, Palo Alto, Calif. sheets and record albums. Use them for GREETING too in the applause he I have not YOUR UNWANTED CARDS! They help to understand good music—better! now. He must learn how to pro- loudly, a MUSIC ex- Complete with biographical sketches and the exciting too high, too low, started because he changed piece for piece, 5«i each; FOR SALE: C Melodv Saxophone, musical scrapbook game. or too after he got it under other facts about him duce his high tones correctly. You Way quality matched. Burpee’s Specialty gold plated, in good condition. $100.00 We include for a limited tun*' long at a - OrcUIHL.SPFHIAL' 0n!v 0rt time without a rest That, from the Case included. Mrs. only a sm>erb portrait of pn£T pa? peri- Cards I felt was the profes- might be dropped Shoppe, Delton, Mich. C. M. Hutchins, G. Gershwin. ORDER NOW: Xmas complain that they are too open, od. Sing only sorial 239 N, Lafayette Ave., Griffith, Indiana in your with Envelopes in the trag- MASTER PRINTS CO.. Dept. natural him showing itself. Claque, which would be MELODEONS FOR SALE. Beautiful 141 West 54 Street NEW YORK 19 by which you mean that they are W RITE SONGS: Read "Songwriter’s range, without forcing beautifully lithographed in ne reconditioned instruments. Sharp and with- fat little his life. He said frankly C Review” 1650 ,, Claquer would edy of Magazine, —ET Broad- thin and white four colors with sayings that oo Hobby Shop, 415 S. Diamond, Grand and that they fall out straining. a way, New York 19. 20? copy; $2.00 O will Postage ud and d— Rapids, Mich. endear you in the hearts ONLY Yn heating his that he would rather die. year. WM. S. HAYNES COMPANY Prepaid of your musical friends suggest- 7 some In a fit of generosity I PIANISTS: Aid to improvising pep in his 150 "Old/New” Master Violins 1/3 Flutes of Distinction Appropriate Cord for every Instrumentalist, sheets and professional bass a real sheets off. Tonepost fitting $15. PATMOR Wherefore Moonlight music teacher, singer, choral group — a that he let me buy him provide the clue to easy Sonata? The Moonlight cheerleader, ed improvising. (Tonepost) FIDDLER!, Zion, 111, STERLING SILVER — GOLD — PLATINUM Sonata o even quartet 0t j barber shop the opera. Excellent for student, teacher, and “nick name” from the German Critic d finished her seat some night for professional. Rellstab who Send ONE ORDER to Two new releases (4 FOR SALE: Mason & Hamlin Con- Catalog on request wrote that tf DOLLAR or MONEY sheets) every other opening movement seat!” he exclaimed, and month. Informa- cert Grand Piano. In excellent condi- made him think of Money refunded ,1 nof toluf'td me handsomely “A moonlight on tion on request. John P. Maher, Box tion. 123 Benevolent Street, Providence 108 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston 15, Mass. Genfersec (Lak "j nei • Inc No, if I get 194, Ansonia P. O., Lucerne). Beethoven merely called it PETER GEORGE ART SERVICE. he then shook his head. New York 23, N. Y. 6, R. I., Mme. Charbonnel. Sonata quasi una , got into his fantasia Y. 5 Prince Street New York 12. N. J'd left in a cor- a seat, I be like lost.'’ 50 1949 4-TlIDE ETVDE-DECEMBER -DECEMBER 1949 51 — ! 1

Organ Practice ORGAN QUESTIONS committee found that (iContinued from page 24) it costs al- Answered by Frederick Phillips most a dollar and from the choir of St. John’s. a half an hour OBERLIN St. to run the motors. If the On every church program at organist this church there is a note of thanks in practiced more appreciate your opinion as John’s, than 0 I will Carl’s Master Studies for Organ. students an hour or two a day, he good make of organ suitable for a from the choirmaster for heard to a We also suggest that you get church, having a membership of to use about it from the trustees. small An attractive college town lends quiet who have been permitted capacity of 90. They Nevin’s Primer of Organ Registra- 124 and seating for practice over several One cannot help feeling felt that an organ would be charm to this school for professional the organ sorry have always tion, which will help quite a little for the organist and for costly, and a two or three manual years, mentioning that one, for ex- the church too in understanding the principles of musicians. with pedals too difficult for the But most organs don’t instrument ample, would graduate from cost as pianists to play. Now, since registration, or stop combinations. local church COLLEGE an- much as this to operate. I manual single pedal organs Yale Music School in June, find in the single more popular and lower in • Thorough instruction in all branches other would graduate from the my travels that fifty cents an hour are getting possible. Q. Are there other reed organs price they feel it may be We be- Curtis Institute and still another is the average, many small organs instru- of music under artist teachers. High have seen and heard A and B sides the old style and the orgatron? from some other great school of renting for 25 cents an hour. ments (names given in letter) and If so, what are their names and who standard of admission. Special train- would like your opinion as to which makes them? music. It has meant much to this There are organists who object would serve our purpose best. I play ing in band, orchestra and choir di- How does the orgatron operate? What CONSERVATORY church to allow these young peo- to having students use the church old type reed organ, and have piano and lubrication is used for the new instru- rection. ple the use of the organs. organ because the students been appointed to solicit funds and change ments? Vaseline has been used, but People respond favor- the pistons. Here shop for organs. A certain church consulted me again is an im- when used in cold churches it does not ably to the idea that any pianist can their portant point. heat sufficiently before being used. OF MUSIC about the use of organ for The pistons must be learn to play this type of organ. We are What Write for catalogue describing Ober- around is your opinion of this or similar or- students for practice purposes. The changed now and then to make hoping to get something $1,000. lin's conservatory courses and its gans for a church with a capacity of church fathers had the feeling that them work right. Organ builders about 200? superior equipment (200 practice the organ would get so much use tell me that the reason »that most A. In addition to the two organs —M. E. P. rooms, that it would wear out in a short combination actions are unreliable 26 modern organs, etc.). mentioned, we are enclosing a de- time. I am told by organ builders is because they are NOT used and A. Besides the old style reed scriptive circular of another in- that more organs are ruined by NOT changed enough. Any or- organs, there are now on the mar- Degrees: Bachelor of Music, Bachelor strument which may interest you. disuse than by use. It stands to ganist of facility should be able to ket several types of electronic or- Particulars may be obtained di- Above: Home Model, the Hammond Organ used in more homes than any other organ. of Music Education; Master of Music, reason that there is some wear and set up his organ in very little time. gans; we are sending you the Complete line of 2-manual-and-pedal church and home organs — $1285* and up. rectly from the manufacturers. We tear Master of Music Education. on unimportant parts such as After an organist or organ stu- addresses of the manufacturers, believe these comprise about the the pedals (which can be recapped dent has learned his notes, he and they will be glad to inform you only ones available within your for a very small sum), but other needs an instrument to do his work as to methods of tone production, FRANK H. SHAW. Director Member of the National Association price range, and all are first class parts, such as contacts or leather on. He cannot accomplish much lubrication, and so on, and will voice — Box 5129, Oberlin, Ohio instruments, with values consistent ive music’s mostglorious of Schools of Music. couplings, are better and last away from his console. Practicing probably advise you of their near- ^ with the prices. Since you have * longer if used. Surely one can’t organ music on the piano is alto- est representatives. heard A and 13 you have doubtless little wear a pipe out blowing it! gether inadequate. A pedal piano ETUDE does not recommend for as as 2285 been able to form an opinion as In some cases the instru- operation of helps, but after all, it is not the particular makes or styles of to preferred tone quality, but we the organ entails considerable ex- organ. It is encouraging that many ments, but if you could arrange to $1285* — are wondering if you have tried When is a better time than Christmas Prices start at pense. In a church where there is churches, schools, colleges and hear first hand these various or- to give yourself, and your family, a less than most fine pianos them out at maximum power. Oc- a large -organ, really almost too possessors of organs urge young gans, you would be in a position Hammond Organ? The Hammond Organ provides you casionally the use of fullest volume large for with a lifetime of musical pleasure, the church, the music students to use them. to determine which would best And this is the Christmas to do it, develops a slight distortion in tone yet you can own this magnificent in- meet your own requirements. because you can now buy a Hammond strument for less than you’d pay for for the first time quality, and it would be well to Organ for as little as $1285.* check • most fine pianos. Convenient terms are on this. There would seem This is music’s most glorious voice, What do you think of the available through most dealers. to be no particular advantage in Q. (1) the majestic instrument on which you following specifications for an electronic can quickly learn to play simple music A Hammond Organ What is Your Vocal Problem? the extra octave in organ B, as the type organ: SWELL—Violin Diapason with rich color and feeling no other is at home in your home standard compass of the organ 8', Stopped Flute 8', Salicional 8', instrument can offer. There is a You can select one of several models [Continued from Trompette 8', Clarinet 8', French Horn page 23) choice, to person- keyboard is 5 octaves, and no that will fit consider your 8', 4', Hammond Organ that will fit beauti- of the Hammond Organ have. 8', Oboe 8', Vox Humana Flute I play the piano, but living room. No have ality, as it plays an important part doubt there are 16 and 4 foot siicet 4', Dolce Cornet. GREAT fully in your living room, whatever the gracefully into your never had a is needed. plug singing lesson. I am stops Bourdon 16', Open Diapason 8', Melo- size of the room. special installation Just SIMPLIFIED VERSION in the shaping of a career. Once to add an additional octave 25. Is this too old to dia 8', Dulciana 8', Trumpet 8', Vio- it into an electric outlet and play. The begin the the voice is one at each end in playing. If placed completely, actual 4', 4', Clarion 4'. PEDAL You can learn tuningf. study of lina Octave Hammond Organ never needs singing? the the Hammond Organ FOR can sing popular music as well as organ A gives sufficient vol- Open Diapason 16', Dulciana 16', Bour- to play PIANO less than a month I don 16', Cello 8', Flute 8'. COUPLERS in Mail the coupon today —E. D. operatic. Remember that popular ume without distortion, then the —Swell to Great 8', Great to Pedal. The experience of thousands of Visit your dealer’s where you can see music is a separate has its own style, and it amplifier in organ B added to electronic type Perhaps Can stops be Hammond Organ owners proves that and hear the Hammond Organ. Spend 25 is a bit old to begin would difficult one. Do not expect to be- seem to be unnecessary. organs? even though you’ve never studied mu- an hour with this most beautiful of all to r study voice if you intend With (2) W hat should be the price of a to come a Dinah Shore as well as an these provisions the advan- sic, you can learn to play a half a dozen instruments, proved by years of serv- make a career 32-note concave, radial practice pedal of singing. How- tage in simple melodies acceptably on the ice in homes and churches throughout operatic singer! your case would seem to clavier? ever, if it the For details is for your own rest Hammond Organ in less than a month. world. more and your pleasure, with organ A. (3) What is the price of new or used ritual think! dealer’s name, send the coupon. fire dance do try. Sometimes those who wood and metal pipes; also new or It’s easier than you study 8. About how long should a begin- at a more mature used two or three manual console? by age grasp the art ner practice voice each day? -E. J. Jr. of singing more swiftly than those —R. M. manuel de In I la who begin younger. A. The specifications you give ac Hammond Ojigan ™e , v the organ and has price one dollar very complete, and should give This depends on your teacher. the use of our church are 7 • If . j MUSIC’S MOST GLORIOUS VOICE a soprano U< wishes to be 7 ®n

Does Your Band Play in Tune? inszzumcnzai VIOLINIST'S FORUM Philosophical Library

page 21) they are able to detect these needed. PUBLICATIONS CHURCH SERVICE ( Continued from dif- musical knowledge Piano No ( Continued from page 19) solve it. If you do, this youngster NOTES ON CHOPIN founda- ferences. They should in great demand everywhere. Train gorean scale as the basic be taught tuners sixty should be By Andre Gide . The fruit of more than SELECTIOnS^ experts. Learn with phonograph used at first. Then al- will probably turn out to be one under interest not only to the pitch relationship, we are to recognize key changes as days. furnish record- years’ thought. Of tion for the) recordings in 30 We most all musicolo- for your attention can be of your star pupils. general music lover but also to the third appear outside the key instruction books and professional performer. Illustrated. A. concerned largely with sharp signature ines gist and professional (including record player if needed). given to the right hand problem. $3.75 ORGAN M tools scale steps. and in so doing maintain and seventh major Pythag- how you how to line up part or full Later SCHOENBERG AND HIS SCHOOL s you can take more and more Violin Study Books numerous pivots orean relationships at work for big earnings. Send for By Rene Leibowitz. Discusses, with These tones seem to be the all j e PIANO times t m musical examples, all known major works of literature today. advanced studies that can be FREE two great disciples, around which revolves the under- They should be taught the shifting Schoenberg and of his CAPITOL CITY TUNING SCHOOL adapted to the same difficulty. A.C.L., Indiana. Your long and Alban Berg and Anton Webern. Illustrated. tuning. relationship of a given E. Michigan Ave., Laming 16, Mich. $4.75 standing of Pythagorean tone ac- Dept. 1240,129 3 ou ask what I think of Sevcik’s interesting letter made good read- better or- cording to its place CESAR FRANCK The musicians in our in the scale on of Composers 872*11 ondl School of Bowing. It ing, and I am sorry I do not have By Norman Demuth. This first book |4 Pictures sl 00 has many percepti- pattern. For example, of Old Instruments • • Franck in English is intended as a reference chestras play these notes E in the key 7 Pictures valuable exercises, space to quote it. But some of the reading. $4.75 45 Songs and Special Bird Colls $1.00 but it is very work as well as for general sharp, particularly during of C major will be quite Pieces for Reading bly sharp 65 Rote Piono or A SHORT HISTORY OF CHINESE ART $1.00 repetitious and, moreover, gives no points you raise deserve comment. music. when compared with Rote By Hugo Munsterberg. A concise but compre- moving passages of the tempered Play Myself Book. Special for I explanation of the principles I think it a matter for small re- hensive account of the history of Chinese art f Reading $1.00 un- to the Manchu Dynasty. The string section does this tone. It will be even sharper By from prehistoric times EFFA ELLIS PERFIELD derlying the various exercises. It gret that Franz Wohlfahrt did not Illustrated. $5.00 very easily. Brass and woodwind comparison in the key of A choice collection of familiar F major. 103 East 86th St. (Park Ave.) New York City Here is superb beauty foryour home is possible to study the book thor- include in his Op. 45 a book of PROFILE ART In the key l L. . The more than 200 illustra- the beauty artistic classic players are expected to conform of B major it will By R. Megroz of styling . . . the and religious numbers. be a oughly and still bow badly. Per- studies dealing with the higher po- beautifully produced book trace beauty of rich, sparkling tone. Built tions in this edited by C. Kohlmann. Pub- to the orchestral tuning whenever bit fiat in the descending scale. In "profile” art from paleolithic times to the to the most exacting standards, the sonally, I use it very rarely indeed. sitions. This field is adequately lOiUuun c£eivt^ arte/<9on vogue of cut silhouettes. Illustrated. $7.50 Bremen spinet piano is a superior mu* lished in two books, each it is possible. It is for this reason the scale of D major it will be con- a If a pupil is well trained covered by the third book of ARTISTS OF THE 19TH & 20TH sical instrument your key to a life- in the JEWISH — taining completely that good orchestral brass and bit sharp, but not so sharp 30 E. Adams St . Chicago 3, III. CENTURIES time of musical enjoyment. Write for different as it Kayser, the first two books of fundamental principles of bowing, By Karl Schwarz. As much an illustration of free brochures. selections. Specialists in Violins, Bows, Repairs, etc. woodwind players constantly are is in the key of C major. Delicate modern art in general as of Jewish artistic ESTABLISHED IN 1874. WRITE FOR CATALOG he can apply these principles to his Mazas, Kreutzer and other stud- BREMEN creativity in particular. Illustrated. $4.75 PIANO CORPORATION practicing on scales, using varied adjustments, VIOLINISTS" Included in No. I are yes, but making Publishers of "VIOLINS and Dept. E 3225 Augusta Blvd. such regular curriculum of studies and ies, not to mention many interest- LANDSCAPE—PORTRAIT—STILL-LIFE Chicago 5 1, 111. favorites as Finlandia, fingerings, breath pressures and them is a routine procedure $2.50 per year—Specimen Copy 35c. By Max J. Friedlander. An entirely new view London- for solos ing solos. And these are more at- and make much more rapid of the "categories of painting” by the world- derry Air, In the embouchures. the members of a good Garden, The orchestra. progress, with greater enjoyment, tractive material than anything famous author of On Art And Connoisseur- ship. Illustrated. $6.00 Old Rugged Cross, etc. In No. This orchestral use of Pythag- It is my contention that this re- JOHN MARKERT S CO. than if he wades through those Wohlfahrt wrote. THREE LECTURES ON MODERN ART 2, Barcarolle, orean tuning Parcifal, He Lives, provides for a most fined use of pitches can he taught 1 141 WEST I5TH ST.. NEW YORK II. N. Y. By K. S. Dreier, J. J. Sweeney N. Gabo. thousands of exercises. When I said that the Wohlfahrt, , PIANO VIOLINS OLD & NEW Originally delivered at Yale University. Clari- Then Jesus Came and many vital and exuberant tone. It would easily to our splendid high school Expert Repairing. Send for Catalog Kayser, Dont and Mazas Studies fies the confusion of the many new art forms. more. 64 pages, art seem that band directors could Illustrated. $3.75 paper bands. Psychological Block? were the necessary preparation for TUNING cover. THE SPLENDOR THAT WAS EGYPT Order either Book No. I well direct their thinking toward The needs of modern atonal mu- ITALIAN VIOLINS Kreutzer, I was writing with the By Margaret A. Murray. A magnificent survey or No. 2 or both. It. ANTONIAZZI, $23 0. L. BISIACH, $300. Viola of the main elements of Egypt’s development Skilled professional service costs noth- Each $1.25, the maintaining of Pythagorean sic are not served best by using (16') CESAR K MAUCIALI, $150. Many other To Miss A. C. H., Maine, who serious student in mind. A teacher from barbarism to civilization and then to its ing extra. See your phone book for local postpaid. intonation equally interesting bargain*, all authentic, and in Illustrated. members or write to in their bands. In fol- Pythagorean intonation. In decay. $10.00 address below. atonal perfect condition. writes asking advice in training an can always modify the curriculum Send 3< stamp Suburban Music. 643 Stuyvesant Ave., Irvington, N. J. At your bookstore or order direct f for pamphlets lowing this routine, the band must music, the equally tempered scale Piano Care & Moth Prevention eleven-year-old pupil. You say this for the student who is happy just THE RODEHEAVER HAU-MACK CO. be DEEP. PHILOSOPHICAL LIBRARY, Publishers made aware of the difference is the best one to use. Actually, the to an MELLOW, pupil is very musical and wants to “diddle along.” But ambi- 15 E. 40th St. ( Dept. 309, New York 16. N. Y. American Society 1 1 4 NINTH STREET SOULFUL— between the tempered IOLINS ( Expedite shipment by enclosing remittance with OF WINONA semitone atonalists do not consider the Easy termB for wonderful instruments. tious student should prepare two PIANO TECHNICIANS LAKE, IND. learn the violin but can’t concen- order. Get details today. 1022 W. GARFIELD AVE. MILWAUKEE 5 found between the third and chromatics in their candid sense. vT GUSTAV V. HENNING contrasting studies, or at least trate. It seems to me that your pu- INGLEWOOD, CALIF. 1106 N. 49th St., Seattle, Washington fourth and seventh and eighth Each 1 of the twelve intervals is pil’s difficulty is more the concern parts of them, for each lesson. scale steps, and the Pythagorean CINCINNATI CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC equally important, none having of a child psychiatrist than of a It is not always necessary to use interval at these same points. Py- preferential Dr. Luther A. Richman, Dean of Faculty rights. Thus, in atonal \ violin teacher. If, as you say, on a every study in the book. Gifted Established 1867, Operated under thagoras called this interval auspices Cincinnati Institute of Fine Arts a compositions, without leading-tone “simple thing like scales” she plays students may be allowed to skip, affiliated with University of Cincinnati. Complete school of music Faculty hemitone, of because it was less than implication and without funda- provided they develop well-rounded international reputation. Degrees, Diplomas, The it right only “once in ten times” Certificates—dormitories, 10 acre half of a Pythagorean whole campus. Address. tone. mental tonality, there is less neces- and when you ask her to do the technique in both hands. Box E. T.. C. M. Bands BENJAMIN. Registrar CINCINNATI 19 . OHIO should be exercised in sity to alter pitches. Sacred right way again she just “makes I would not suggest that a stu- the playing of scales and arpeg- Does your band play in tune? another big mistake,” apparently dent master the fourth book of gios until they give evidence that r Come now, does it play in tune? there is in her mental processes Sevcik, Op. 1, w hile he is studying Pianist Rode. It should be introduced not Qlrbrlanhjhfiltlulr of some obscure psychological block. ^f)hp (T)«otr later (it often Perhaps it is a subconscious de- than Rode can be Bachelor of given earlier) hut the study of it Music Degree, Master of Music Degree, Artist Diploma fense mechanism. , BERYL RUBINSTEIN, Don t Plan to be Mus. D., Director 3411 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, O. a Conductor However, I do think you can should continue over a period of Charter Member of the National Association of Schools of Music help her very much. at least two years. Many advanced ( Continued from page 13) built cerebrally and technically, return to this book Your first job is to find out what violinists again function of music undergoes a according to mechanical formulae. interests and again as a technical check-up. change. it is in violin playing that toward My personal attitude is not play- I cannot agree with you that In her. Very obviously, it CHICAGO MUSICAL COLLEGE 17th and 18th century Italy modern music is neither to cham- Mazas’ Studies should be revised Now, for the first time, a 3rd or 4th Founded 1867 by Dr. F. scales. Perhaps it is drawing a Ziegfeld RUDOLPH GANZ, President it became fashionable ing to attend far grader can play a full 120-bass accor- pion it nor condemn it. I am on tone and condensed. Each study has a CONFERS DEGREES OF B.MUS., B.MUS.ED., M.MUS., M.MUS.ED. the tone. If so, concentrate opera. As a result many opera dion. It’s the new RIO Junior. Weighs Member of North Central Association and National Association from thinking that music being, of Schools of Music modern production until her interest is definite reason for and can All Branches of Music. houses were built, less than 14 pounds! Small, but not Special Instruction for Children and Non-Professionals many operas is wish the greatest yet written. I awakened. be very helpful to this student or Address Registrar, 60 E. Van Buren St., Chicago Illinois were fully too small for years of use. 5, written and performed. There to hear it, however, perform that one. Particularly I would not, and The next step is to discover, if was a need for opera. Similarly FREE FOLDER gives you complete it, so that its true place in music that as you suggest, eliminate the bow- you can, the style of music details on low-priced RIOs. Write in a certain stage of the Selected growth history clear. Themes are essential may become quite appeals most to the child. Is it ing studies. They to of society, the symphony and EXCELSIOR ACCORDIONS, INC.. 333 SIXTH ME., NEW V0RK14 AMERICAN CONSERVATORY other This would not come about if and Variations music, the development of a sensitive, abstract rhythmic music, dreamy forms came into popular- hy everyone who did not like modern WILLIAM STICKLES music? The moth- well-controlled bow arm. I wish OF MUSIC — CHICAGO ity. Symphony sad music, jolly Offers courses in all branches orchestras of music and dramatic art were music refused it. Containing would refer to the issues of SWING PIANO BY MAIL to listen to special piano er can help you in this; she can you 62nd year. Faculty of 135 artist teachers founded in consequence, 30 lessons $3.00. Self teaching book. and com- with transcriptions of Member of National Association of Schools of Music Let us hear the moderns sort of music the girl ETUDE for November 1946 and —CLASSICAL ENTHUSIASTS— tell you what Piano Concerto No. I & No. 2, each 52.00 Send for a free catalog—Address: J ohn R. Hattstaedt, Pres., 584 Kimball posers wrote music 26 selections including — Bldg.. Chicago for the large an Preludes No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. « & 7. each. . .75 open mind. In approaching the radio. March 1947, where you will find Nocturne No. 1, 2. & 3, each 75 l 0A ikes best to listen to on orchestral forms. CHORUS (Wagner), STAR Expressive Moods No. 1, 2. 3, 4, 5. .No. 1 .80 them without or OF T i the Mazas Studies discussed in No. 3 1.25 either illusion ™ E EAST (Kennedy), HYMN When you have found the child s Others .75 Today it has become Over 50 new publications by a new composer & fashion- TI0NS publisher. Write for complete free list. condemnation, we can more clearly ' AGNUS DEI (Bizet), several pieces, one detail. able to Rrw tastes, give her ROOSEVELT inspect music critically °E AGES (Hosting*), AVE PHIL BRETON PUBLICATIONS COLLEGE of CHICAGO for see and unusually P. O. Box 1402. Omaha 8. Nebr.. U. S. A. what we have done so far another, in her favorite style. You have an clear- novelties of form. The CHR| STMAS selections, after L'hool A complete music school with excellent facilities. funda- why we that DOXOLOGY minded approach to violin study, have done it. From and others. And do not for the present be too mental laws of music have of . Programs leading to degrees. Active Opera Workshop. been point ways which you say has been your hob- on, we can find better exacting in the matter of techni- superseded by intellectual 9 9 Bulletin on Request specula- of writing music which, regardless by for thirty years. I know you RARE VIOLINS music tion on the mere cal accuracy. S 430 So. Michigan Ave. technique of com- $50 up. Send For New List Chicago 5, Illinois of its will re- H will find in it continuing enjoy- # # structural novelties, HANSEN MUSIC C0 * have a delicate problem on position. Much modern mw You FRANCIS DRAKE BALLARD music is spond to ST., NEW YORK 19, N.Y. ment. human needs. your hands, but I am sure you can # 50 Chippewa Road — Tuckahoe. N. Y. # 54 ETV 1949 etude-. 55 DE-DECEMBER DECEMBER 1949 . . .. .

Liberal Arts Are More Vital Than Ever Relax and Improvise

purpose of the arts Only by arriving at an from page 19) and fill in ( Continued from page 21) This is not to maintain that in- The basic under- (iContinued chords. All they like! at a series of standing of the individual all musical, he But let the tenor of the conversation? dividual works of art in a particu- program is to arrive arts if lie is at them also understand that \ 1)(J their themselves, seen in relation What is the manner of speech and lar field are necessarily parallel to understandings of people and to each discover established relation- this is not improvising. Impro- H ill other, and as connected the characteristic style of utter- individual of art in other times, their thought, their cultural to the cul- can then be explained vising must works ships which make sense; it must to ture out of which they ance? fields. It is straining the point to pattern and their contribution have pro- his teacher. come out with form and discipline. lo him by in general. It aims at ceeded, does one achieve any A study of relationships, there- say that a certain Renaissance pic- civilization real For example: Some time or You may begin with “fooling student a perspective of apprehension of the values fore, should begin with a study of ture by Bellini may be the counter- giving the of the student will have around . but other, the young you have to go on possible art of any period or the cultural pattern. The individ- part of a specific composition by life and history, making place. The out about the harmonic with guidance. t0 find ual art should first be seen in re- Gabrieli. It is more accurate to say an intelligent and meaningful com- principal objective of the arts pro- relationships of tonic, dominant, I inally, I should say that chil- lation to these the past and a gram in the school of factors. that certain influences were at prehension of the future of course, a good thing dren do better work if they etc. It is, are the future. should be the development Secondly, the various arts work during the Renaissance to thoughtful appraisal of on the to explain all this not started off at the for his teacher keyboard too should be considered in relation- which both Bellini- and Gabrieli art-creations 'of preceding part of the student of a The compre- but it is better if he can young. For the average child (in to him— ship to each other. were subject. through which hension of the man of An attempt These influences epochs are windows the past, of to find out the inherent musical contrast the possible genius), should be made to grasp the im- varied according to the media in the soul of man is revealed. They the quality of his mind and values of these relationships for seven is a good age to begin; for pulses, motivations, and ideas which the artists worked, and ac- disclose qualities men of former thought, and of the sensitivity of himself, simply by listening out then there is present sufficient nat- common to artists of the period. cording SYSTEMATIC STEPS TO PROGRESS to personal qualities. generations have possessed. his soul, as revealed in his art. ural for them and then hearing them coordination to take the pain Very First Piano Book with keyboard (which is a very different thing!). out of counting, reading notes, chart 75 No explanation is as effective as adjusting to two clefs, and—above First Grade Piano Book. . . 1.00 personal discovery. When the all —thinking about things and Hour Book 1.25 child feels that going back to the asking questions. That is a good Happy 1.25 tonic gives him the restful feeling age to encourage the child to play Advanced First Grade

of going home, he has possessed at the piano. He may surprise you Second Grade Book 1.00 himself of a basic fact. In second by being able to improvise. And Graded Sight Reading, 4 books. Each 1.00 even if he never does that, he will then, his teacher can talk . place, SEND FOR YOUR COPY Major Scales, 2 books - - - . . . Each .75 to him about it. still he getting the enormous ad- New comprehensive catalog First Book for the Adult. . 1.25 While all children should be en- vantage of doing something con- of Music in All Classifications. Helpful suggestions for couraged to play at the piano (in structive for himself. In this day teachers and students. addition to playing on it!), those of music at the turn of a dial, who guide them should be careful enormous advantages will result not to confuse a taste for “fooling from individual and active partici- around” with genuine improvis- pation. In music as in other mat- She BOSTON MUSIC COMPANy ing. By all means, let Johnny and ters, one should stand captain of Jill Music of Jill Publishers one’s soul! University Extension Conservatory Mary sit down and pick out tunes 116 B09L5TON STREET BOSTON 16, MASS. 1903 - THE WORLD'S LARGEST HOME STUDY CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC — 1949 MEMBER OF 0 a 'Ptesta @occue n fS 00 " Itewi , - xc'yyfyfy Extension Courses by noted teachers, leading No entrance requirements except for Degree actUeviatf tetmedtete to Diplomas, and Degree of Bachelor of Music. Courses. Credits earned by using your spare cHintsf cmpptnoflLf • f | aatiattoaide &ucce&&f - - - ! time for • " You can prepare yourself for a better position advancement. ! by studying at your convenience by the Ex- Catalog and illustrated lessons sent without tension Method. COURSE FOR PIANISTS obligation to you. Check coupon below. by A DISTINGUISHED FACULTY OF ARTIST TEACHERS _ HIGHEST STANDARDS OF MUSIC INSTRUCTION WHAT PROGRESS ARE EQUIP YOURSELF FOR A BETTER POSITION JUNE WEYBRIGHT YOU MAKING? A proof of quality is important for one in- Already the established favorite with thousands of Your musical knowledge terested in further —your position and musical training. Our UNIVERSITY teachers, students and parents — continually growing EXTENSION CONSERVATORY. Dept. A-688 income today—are the result of the training courses offer you the same high quality bigger — because it is consistent with the best in music of 28 East Jackson Blvd.. Chicago. Illinois piano progress! you have given your natural ability. Addi- preparation which has developed education and the ultimate in and trained Gase me cata log, sample lessons and full informa- tional training will open up new fields, new many successful musicians and teachers tirmIron regarding in course I have marked with an X below. BOOK ONE — The Beginner's Book 75c opportunities, greater income and higher the past. Piano. The Follow-Up Book 75c Teacher's Normal Course Voice BOOK TWO — standing in the musical world. NATIONAL HOME STUDY BOOK THREE — The Key Signature Book 75c COUNCIL Plano. Student's Course Choral Conducting Seale and Chord Book 75c The Council is an Association BOOK FOUR — This valuable training, through our of which we Public School Exten- Mus.—Beginner's Clarinet BOOK FIVE — The Dance Form Book 75c are a member. It includes the sion Courses, may be taken at outstanding Public Classics Book 75c home with no School Mus.—Supervisor's Arranging BOOK SIX — The correspondence schools in Q Dance Band interference with the United States your regular work just by O Advanced Composition with headquarters at Washington, D. C. Mem- Violin devoting to self-study the many minutes each , 4. Ear Training & Sight WORK BOOKS lo accompany BOOKS 1 2, 3, bers are admitted only after rigid examination Singing Guitar day that ordinarily go to waste. The progres- History Coordinated work books for "stock-taking” designed to sup- of the training courses offered. and Analysis of Music — sive musician, Mandolin as busy as he may be, realizes plement the materials in the first four study books. each 50c are Harmony We the only school giving instruction the value of such study and finds the time for O Saxophone in music by the Home-Study Method, which Cornet—Trumpet Well paid positions are available to those Double Counterpoint ETUDES for PIANISTS in Two Books includes in its curriculum all the Professional who are ready for them. courses Cornet—Trumpet Banjo necessary to obtain the Degree of Bachelor Name Age YOU can do it too! It's up to YOU! of Music. — Street No oivcu w esi in ouiDransen s newest spmci A Diploma Is Your Key to Success! e Far East the charm of City influence in design and TECHNIC for PIANISTS of Junior Grade Palealmond . State finish areunited with the musical excellence Book Two 75c l ^ Book One 60e University Are^you teaching now? e West to make the Chinese Chippendale Spinet Extension Conservatory u so< how many pupils have p. lano an singing tone, Write for Free “Course for Pianists" brochure. y°u ^old a enchanting instrument of 28 EAST (DEPT. K. Teacher's Certificate? r espOnsive JACKSON BLVD. A-688) CHICAGO 4. ILL. Have you studied Harmony? action and timeless beauty. WouId you like t0 earn AMERICAN ACADEMY OF MUSIC ,INC. 1619 Broadway the Degree of Bachelor of Music' gulbransen company Sole Selling Agents: MILLS MUSIC, INC. New York 19, N. Y. 816 North Kedzie Ave„ Chicago 51, IR 56 ETVDE-DECEMBER 1949 etude 57 DECEMBER 1949 ;

HIGH SCHOOL HARMONIES PARTNERS AT THE KEYBOARD The Celebrated "THEMES" Collections A Piano Duet by Stanford King Book PRESSER Jdolidaij. Piano Solo Versions of Famous Melodies by Ella Saie Teen-agers will enjoy these tunes Ketterer by Henry Levine and rhythms! Ten original pieces A new book for the more advanced Books of Music - At Swinging Down New Low Prices THEMES FROM THE GREAT ‘MORE THEMES FROM THE GREAT with such titles as with a generous supply of original Presser 1949 Holiday Sale Catalogue Sycamore Lane, Bubble Gum Boogie, and tuneful music. Both the The was mailed early in CONCERTOS CONCERTOS Printo includes piano, Rumpus Room Rhumba and others and Secondo parts are November. It vocal and organ music, books, decidedly . musical Artistic arrangements of the first i n A challenge to the pianist with the of equal appeal, really offer pleasant teresting and melodious. and novelties, Christmas cards, etc., at bargain Upright toys prices. If you do movements. For the average pian- recreational material. It’s excellent shape. copy at hand, fill this coupon "singing" touch. (75c) not have your and mail at once. We will ist. ($1.00) training in technic and style as well. your copy promptly. Advance of Publication Cash ma i| adults and third and fourth grade Price 410-40227 Holiday Sale Price, 70c 410-40228 Holiday Sale Price, 55c For 35 cents, postpaid. Holiday Sale prices are offered pianists. These only until Dec. 31, 1949 Piano Collections for Church and Home Advance of Publication Cash Price, SECOND SOLOVOX 40 cents, postpaid. ALBUM CONCERT TRANSCRIPTIONS OF CHAPEL ECHOES Compiled and Arranged EASY-to-PLAY SOLO ALBUMS FAVORITE HYMNS Compiled and Arr. by Rob Roy by John Finke, Jr. FIRST SONG BOOK IN NATURE'S MY PATHS by Clarence Kohlmann Peery MORE STUNTS FOR THE PIANO Included in these special transcrip, Arranged by Ada Richter Melodic pieces offering variety in tions are the Evening Outstanding arrangements of some Some of the finest music of Bach, ADVANCE OF PUBLICATION SALE by Ada Richter Star from Familiar tunes, attractively illus- mood and tempo. (60c) “Tannhauser” by Wagner; Serenade of our most beloved hymns. For Bortniansky, Franck, Gaul, Maun- All the hooks in this list This arranged for young play- are in prepara- sequel to Stunts for the Piano. trated— 410-40251 Holiday Sale Price, 45c from the ballet “The Millions of 3rd and 4th grade players. (75c) der, Tschaikowsky and Mendels- tion for publication. The loiv Advance can be used to supplement any (75c) Harlequin” by Drigo; some Chopin ers. sohn, other material for grade Publication course of instruction bridging the and of Cash Prices apply only waltzes, others. 410-40137 Holiday Sale Price, 55c and 410-40175 Holiday Sale Price, 55c FLOWERETTES 2l/ (75c) to single copy orders placed prior to gap between the easy exercises and 2 . the introduction of the sonatina. Advance of Publication Cash Price, by Astrid Ramsey CHAPEL MUSINGS publication. Delivery (postpaid will OWN HYMN BOOK SABBATH DAY MUSIC ) be 70 cents, postpaid. MY Circus Stunts, Stunts in a Plane, Compiled Rob Roy Peery made when the books are ready. by Ada Richter Flower-faced illustrations with by Compiled by John Carroll Ran- Stunts at a Picnic and Stunts at a words and descriptions. to piano Rodeo, are all stimulating Suitable for regular services, yet melodic An important addition dolph Use coupon at lower right hand corner musically TWELVE MELODIOUS STUDIES (50c) literature for church use. and offer such technical work as easy enough for second grade 21 pieces compilation of fine works of the for all orders. PRINT name and address. For Piano A changing fingers on one note, playing in a new, meditative collection. pupils. (75c) 450-40046 Holiday Sale Price, 35c classic and better romantic com- grace notes, wrist staccato and many by Wilmot Lemont Assembly Band Book— For Elemen- (75c) Mother Goose in Noteland 1 .. Perry .40 other technical problems. The book Written for pupils 410-40108 Holiday Sale Price, 55c posers. ($ .00) tary Bands Gordon .40 in grades three to presents an MELODY JOYS FOR GIRLS AND 410-40129 Holiday Sale Price, 55c 430-40070 Holiday Sale Price, 70c Organ Compositions with opportunity to learn at- four, this new Oliver Ditson edition MY EVERYDAY HYMN BOOK Ditson Album of Organ and Piano BOYS Chimes Kinder .50 tractive pieces and at the same time appears in the neat, attractive style Duets Stoughton .70 by Ada Richter build the fundamental aspects of of the Music Education Series. Such 29 easy pieces for first year piano PIANO COLLECTIONS FOR ADVANCED PLAYERS Partners at the Keyboard .. Ketterer .35 good technic. technics General Hymns, Hymns for Spe- Favorite Pieces and Songs ..Mason .50 as sixths over a balanced left study. (75c) ‘CELEBRATED COMPOSITIONS BY PIANO CLASSICS Second hand, triplets, right Solovox Album Finke .70 Advance of Publication Casli Price, hand scale pas- cial Occasions, Gospel Hymns and FAMOUS COMPOSERS Grab-Bag Carleton .30 410-40165 Holiday Sale Price, 55c of the 25 cents, postpaid. sages, sustained melody over moving The foremost composers Twelve Melodious Studies Hymns for Children. For second . . Lemont .40 High School Harmonies King accompaniment, arpeggios divided Every good pianist should have past 200 years presenting their .40 grades. (75c) PIANO Twenty-Four Miniature between the hands, etc. Each etude GIRL'S OWN BOOK OF these 34 imperishable gems by best-known works. Not simplified. More Stunts for the Piano . . Richter .25 Studies Lemont .40 is carefully edited, with appropriate 410-40252 Holiday Sale Price, 55c PIECES Brahms, Chopin, Grieg and others. ($ 1 . 00 MOTHER GOOSE IN NOTELAND fingering and phrasing. ) PIECES 2 and piano A “Colorful"’ BOOK OF EASY PIANO 24 dainty grade 2^2 ($1.00) 410-40126 Holiday Sale ASSEMBLY BAND BOOK FAVORITE Music Reader for the Advance of Publication Cash Price, PIECES AND SONGS 430-40061 Holiday Sale Price, Rather Young 40 by Louise E. Stairs compositions. (75c) Price, 70c 70c A First Book for Elementary Bands by Mary Bacon Mason cents, postpaid. by Compiled and Arranged Josephine Hovey Perry Collection of 1 9 very attractive 410-40158 Holiday Sale Price, 55c by Philip Gordon This sequel to Folk Songs and Fa- A comprehensive PIANO DUET COLLECTIONS explanation of the TWENTY-FOUR MINIATURE pieces for grades I and 2. (75c) and Advanced mous Pictures is bound to be very treble and bass section For Medium Grades Standard, popular, and original of keys and PARTY PIANO BOOK popular. It will teach children notes STUDIES 410-40121 Holiday Sale Price, 55c ‘CONCERT DUETS RECREATIONAL ALBUM compositions suitable to and their correlation one to for elementary enjoy good music For the Piano by Stanford King by playing and the other. In the first 24 duets with variety of style and . . ,, bands. part, the child OEMS OF MELODY AND RHYTHM . , i i l t , i Lighter type numbers tor keyboard singing i , l- it, thereby developing good colors the notes; separate by Cedric W. Lemont i il j j i colors for nineties favorites and others appeal for the third and fourth .. . Schumann’s musical Compiled by Blanche Fox Steenman Gay , Soldiers’ March tastes. Not including octave bass and for treble. Eight measure brief studies, with diversion. ($ 1 .00) Many little arrangements for young grade pianist. Schubert’s Excerpts from studies, difficult chords, 70 easier classics and arrange- in easy ($1.25) Symphony or intricate games are used to make the child a definite purpose in technical de- No. 2; Adair's finger old. Original texts. ($1.00) 410-40034 Holiday Sale Price, 90c 410-40043 Holiday Sale Price, Song of the Pines; work, these masterpieces are note-conscious and rest-conscious. velopment. They present practice ments. ($1.00) and 70c and Rolfe s Heigh-Ho! so arranged that make very pupils from eight In the second part, the child opportunity for right and left hand Sale Price, 70c plays 410-40157 Holiday Sale Price, 70c 410-41007 Holiday interesting arrangements. This col- to twelve will get much pleasure folk songs and other airs with satis- scale passages, left hand melody pas- ALWAYS ACCEPTABLE GIFTS— lection will be published in 16 books from playing them. For grade two fying melodic content. Through her sages, speed in small groups for MUSIC DICTIONARIES with parts PIANO DUET COLLECTIONS for: C Flute; B-flat to two-and-a-half. ingenious methods, Mrs. right hand sixths Pro- Perry has and others. PLAY DUETS POCKET PRONOUNCING MUSICAL STUDENT'S POCKET PRONOUNCING Clarinet A; B-flat Clarinet B; B-flat succeeded gressive SIDE BY SIDE LET'S Advance of Publication Cash Price, in making this well- teachers will recognize the Cornet A; B-flat Cornet B; E-flat by Ella Ketterer by Louise Dittenhaver DICTIONARY DICTIONARY 50 planned first music reader a note- value of the variety which this book Alto Saxophone: cents, postpaid. B-flat Tenor Saxo- reading joy instead of a offers. An by Louis C. Elson by Hugh A. Clarke chore. unusually attractive first duet parts of equal phone; E-flat Alto Horn A; E-flat Modern-style. Both Advance of Publication Advance Price, book pocket companion for Cash Price, of Publication Cash of ten original compositions. A handy Covers all the musical terms in Alto Horn B; E-flat Horn C (Op- ra d e (60c) 40 cents, postpaid. 40 cents, postpaid. g . tional) Trombones (75, music students. (40c) 3" ". ; A and B; Trom- common use. x 5!/4 (30c) bone C; Baritone (bass clef) Bari- Holiday Sale Price, 45c ; 4j 0-40044 Holiday Sale Price, 55c 430-40121 437-40027 Holiday Sale Price, 32c 417-40010 Holiday Sale Price, 23c tone (treble clef) Basses and ; ORGAN COMPOSITIONS THEODORE PRESSER CO. Drums. Also a two-staff Conductor’s MUSIC DICTIONARY GRAB-BAG WITH CHIMES Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania medium piano SOLO COLLECTIONS Score. grade MUSICAL DICTIONARY AND by Bruce Compiled and EMTSON MARCHES by Louis C. Elson Carleton arranged by December, 1949 ALBUM OF PIANO SOLOS SOUSA'S FAMOUS PRONOUNCING GUIDE Advance of Publication Cash Price, Ralph Kinder A popular Here is a grab-bag with every pur- ADVANCE OF PUBLICATION SALE collection of familiar Arr. by Henry Levine One of the most famous studio by H. N. Redman 20 cents each part, postpaid Con- The demand for ; chaser music especially ar- solos ductor’s Score a winner! It will bring to its for the average pianist. reference books ever published. 40 cents, postpaid. tanged for obtaining Please send me the following: most famous marches owner the best results 1 2 of Sousa's Convenient pocket size, with all fourteen 1 skillful first-grade ($ . 00 from the combination ) three and Cloth bound. ($1.75) piano arrangements of organ and Item Price arranged for grades common musical terms clearly de- of familiar tunes 430-40039 DITSON chimes is on the increase. Holiday Sale Price, 70c ALBUM OF ORGAN with universal appeal. The experi- The liter- 437-40010 Holiday Sale Price, fined. Flexible cloth binding. . $_ four. ($1.25) (75c) AND PIANO DUETS ature for this combination enced teacher knows that frequently is some- Sale Price, 90c Arranged by what limited, A DAY IN VENICE. Suite 420-40002 Holiday $1.45 417-40032 Holiday Sale Pricer 55c Roy S. Stoughton of course. Here is $ it is necessary during the child’s first a collection of easy and tuneful by Ethelbert Among the best duet collections for year at the piano to assign material com- $ Nevin SPRIGHTLY RHYTHMS positions for organ, each suggesting THEODORE PRESSER CO. I enclose (total) $ the limited repertory for organ and that will prove so interesting arranged beautiful Animated compositions that with chimes — $ tone poems. ($1.50) piano. An outstanding the by one of America’s Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania job of arrang- learning of it will be more fun 0-40015 various types of dances. (75c) Order by Cat. No. only! best known composers. $ — Holiday Sale Price, ing ten classics for average players. than work. The ability This book December, 1949 to be able to Holiday Sale Price, 55c Please send me the following: will contain numbers for $1.25 410-40212 PRESSER HOLIDAY SALE Included are Tschaikovsky’s Andante play well-known music is most en- recitals, $ special services and occasions from the “Sixth Symphony”; Bach- couraging at this stage of the pupil’s where ‘MELODIES EVERYONE LOVES Cat. No. Pric Cat. No. Price I *play the use of chimes enclose (total) $ with pleasure Gounod’s Are Maria; Ravel’s Pa- advancement. is appropriate. All by Wm. M. b-ompiled Compiled and Arr. of the pieces are within the and Arr. by M. vane; Debussy’s Revery and others. This book will be engraved in big playing Name: Wm. capabilities of the organist Nton Felton Two copies are required for per- notes for easy reading, and attractive of ave£ age ability. Address: illustrations Hammond registrations 0 universal favor- formance. will add to its appeal. melodies known as radio "sig- Arrangements of are given. Name Q U 6s third and fourth grade • an<^ movie ites for Advance of Publication Cash Price, Advance of Publication Cash Price, |l 'theme" mu- Advance of Publication Cash Slc Address 70 cents each, postpaid. 30 cents, Price - postpaid. ($1.25) 1 5U cents, postpaid. players. ($ .25) (Please 0-40190 Sale Price, 90c City State Print) Holiday Sale Price, 90c 410-40164 Holiday 58 F.TUDE-DECEMBER 1949 etude 59 DECEMBER 1949 : :

THE NEW CAROL Junior Etude

onto stage.) By LEONORA SILL ASHTON Redner returns you sang it beautifully! And dear Well, Mr. Brooks, REDNER: Lewis Redner, I cannot express clergyman. Mr. Lewis MR. Rev. Phillips Brooks,* Redner, glad to know the characters: you will be what is in my heart for your beau- and girls, as many as desired his organist. Boys Christmas anthems are going very tiful melody. (Turning to audi- Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; December, 1868. AND place: I asked some of ence) : TIME well indeed. And I would like you all to piano, table and chairs. IVIi. brooks sits scene: Interior with by to come in now and join the children these children in singing Mr. . l nntor Mr Kpnnpr we will try your new carol and Redner ’s lovely music. Mr. Red-

if you like my melody. (Enter ner, will read the poem to you MR. BROOKS: Good morning, will have something ready in time see children. Mr. Brooks greets first, and then Christmas. Here is several lead you in singing. Lewis. for the poem. Edited by ELIZABETH A. GEST them, shaking hands. One child You will, will you not, Lewis? MR. REDNER: Good morning, MR. REDNER: Indeed 1 will, sir. goes to the piano, ready to play MR. REDNER: Indeed I will, sir. Mr. Brooks. A beautiful day, sir. I promise you that. (As Mr. the accompaniment. Duet may be (Turns to audience, reads the first MR. BROOKS: Lewis, I have Brooks leaves, Mr. Redner sits at DECEMBER BIRTHDAYS and ANNIVERSARIES used, if preferred. Mr. Redner verse — above — and the second something to say to you. I know •the table and reads the poem, ex- goes to door and beckons to other verse aloud. The third and fourth you are busy with the choir, pre- claiming: “How beautiful!” He Emphasizes the five fundamentals of TIME, NOTE-READING, TECHNIQUE, children.) verse can be added at choice. He that he learns by December 5 is the anniversary of tor Berlioz (1803). paring the music for Christmas writes a few notes on paper; HARMONY AND INTERPRETATION. The pupil is guided so then Price, 75 cents the death of Mozart (1791). December 16 is an important CHILDREN (enter singing) conducts with his arm as the doing date, but I would like you to write some shakes his head and crosses them of audience and children sing the HAPPY DAYS, BOOK II continues exactly where Happy Days, Book I ends. December 7 is the birthday of the being the birthday of Beethoven written Oh, Little Town Bethlehem! music for a carol I have out. Writes some more, tears the Price, 75 cents The two books together constitute Grade I requirements Italian opera composer, How still we see thee lie; carol) Mas- (1770). for the children. Do you think you paper with an impatient gesture, cagni (1863) best known for December recalls Above thy deep and dreamless For Christ is born of Mary 17 the date on will have time to do it? exclaiming: “I hope I can find a Busy Days — Book I bis opera . which the Wright sleep And gathered all above; brothers made MR. REDNER: Certainly, I will. good melody. These are such love- December 8 is the birthday of their first airplane flight at The silent stars go by. While mortals sleep and Angels supplementary book to be used with Happy Days, Book I. Supplies that extro Brooks. Just let me have the ly words!” Suddenly he bends his A important of piano ploying Finland’s outstanding composer, Kitty dark streets shineth keep music for sight-reading, in order that this phase Hawk, North Carolina head as though listening Yet, in thy words. to some- may progress simultaneously with the lessons in harmony and technique. Sibelius (1865). (1903), staying aloft for 12 sec- The Everlasting Light; Their watch of wondering love. MR. BROOKS (holding sheet of thing. Off stage is heard, very Price, 75 cents December 8 also recalls the day on all Oh, morning stars together onds and covering 850 feet! The hopes and fears of the II, supplementary book for use with Happy Days, paper) : Here they are, Lewis, and softly:) BUSY DAYS—BOOK a Price, cents which war was declared hy December 18 is the birthday of years Proclaim the holy birth! Book II 75 I will tell you how I happened to America in the second V orld the American composer, in And praises sing to God the King Edward write them. As you know, three Are met thee, tonight. 54^1- hr-t- War (1941). MacDowell (1861) and also of H— MR. BROOKS: Oh, children, And peace to men on earth. Piano Normal and years ago I visited the Holy Land 1 my December 10 celebrates the birth- (1786). at Christmas time. I can never (Curtain) Teacher's Manual day of the Belgian-French com- December 23 is the birthday of forget the scene as drew near we teaching manual that poser, Caesar Franck (1822). another Italian opera composer, Melody may be played by a violin An efficient Bethlehem—the sun sinking be- contains all the information necessary December 11 is the birthday of Puccini (1858), composer of or sung softly hy children. He RESULTS OF AUGUST ESSAY HONORABLE MENTION FOR hind the hills and the purple dusk to teach the fundamentals of good another French composer, Hec- the opera, “Madame Butterfly.” bends over paper with pencil CONTEST AUGUST ESSAYS: Robert Glen. musicionship Price, $1.00 falling over the olive trees. We poised in air and listens again, as, Class A, Richard Slack (age 15), Diana Tilley, Larry Shepard, Sara came to a field, which, we were Leib, Virginia CHRISTMAS from behind the scenes is heard New York. McRoy, Carolyn PRESENTS told, was where the Shepherds re- again: Class B, Virginia Brooks (age Dale, Marian Moran, Mary Ellen ceived the message How things of the Angel. many do you want sitions by your favorite composer, Massachusetts. Kuhn, Georgine Matlass, Edna Shepherds were present when we 14), for Christmas? No doubt your list an interesting book about music Class C, Shirley Ann McIntyre Richards, George Doane, Laura were there, too, watching over : is rather long and about this time and a recording or two. In this 7? u +T~ jR ' Barns, Nancy Watson, Bobby .. * (age their n 1 & & „ 11), Ohio. of the year a great deal of thought way flocks. Then as the twilight you will increase your musi- O’Neil, Leona White, Jean Norris, 1IENOWNED deepened, I saw the little town of EXTRA SUMMER PRACTICE cal library and these gifts will be Eleanor Bray, Anne Grimes, Doris Bethlehem, with the (Prize of lasting value. stars shining He writes rapidly, exclaiming: “I winner in Class A) I, diui Xcajt Keete, Frances Traut. ARTIST — TEACHERS down upon it. Mr. The summer months, when And when you are making out have it! I have it!” (Enter /YlofLl jt J 0o~df MR. REDNER: It seems as if school is not in session provide an your lists of presents to I Brooks.) (LurJ- give to g(Jwl , Ce-mfo&UA ( can see it all, too, from your beau- still excellent opportunity for young Letter Boxers your musical relatives and friends, MR. BROOKS: I see you are • Sherwood's faculty includes numerous dis- AuJnC til FTuD£ tiful description of it. musicians they also would enjoy working, Lewis. Have you found to progress rapidly in Send replies to Letters on this page Rtrbxt receiving tinguished American and European teachers. , fAztkovi&mji. MR. BROOKS: his musical JUNIOR Etude, and they good music books, Well, Lewis, I a melody? studies. Much time is in care of or a subscrip- lead to certificates, diplomas and 13 nufilu-t. Otsvd. Ph£., be forwarded to the writers. Courses cLujrf ^ot have written it in verse. available for practice, along will tion to ETUDE and some good You think MR. REDNER: I think I have extra degrees in piano, violin, cello, voice, organ, of a tune for it while I with the recordings of their favorite look for a something, sir. I’ll it for you pleasant summer activi- music play Etude: ties. Dear Junior wind instruments, theory, composition, public is given to such matters. book in my study. I do hope you over, The community in which I attend the 10.or composer. These make worth- as soon as choir rehearsal is I am a French boy. I live music, conducting. Lakefront location. When you are presents opportunities class at the Conservatory of school making out your while presents which will be en- but I must go now. The children good superior to study violin, I would be very own list, add a progress the Music and Dormitory accommodations. Approved for Vet- volume of compo- joyed for many years. are waiting for me. musically during are happy to hear from some hoys who summer. The erans. For free catalog, write Arthur Wild- MR. BROOKS: Thank you, Lewis. leader of our High interested in music. School Ileo (Age 14), France for music department has es- Fred man, 1014 S. Michigan Ave., Chicago 5, III. QUIZ No. 48 And it will be finished in time tablished a regular School Christmas. I so happy. (Mr. Summer SPRING SEMESTER BEGINS FEBRUARY 8 am for seven 0 Music. I have taken piano lessons Arithmetic and Spelling as Mr. He has also established Brooks resumes his reading for five years. My hob- a years and violin ( Keep score. One hundred is Community gives and arts perfect.) Redner goes to choir practice. In a Band which bies are music, most sports, ume to hear from MUSIC familiar concerts during the summer. and crafts. I would like 1. How many half-steps from C-flat to notes, plus one moment a recording of a eighth note be ex- am others who have similar interests. off sure other also C-sharp? (10 points) anthem is heard, communities Canada pressed in one note? (10 points) or hymn Louise Hoffman (age 13), SHERWOOD SCHOOL lave 2. activities that help the young How many whole steps from D-flat 7. How many sixteenth notes stage, followed a few lines of equal a by Member of Notional Association of Schools of Music to A-natural? musician to reach horizons (5 points) double-dotted quarter note? (10 “0 Little Town of Bethlehem, new 0 Answers to Quiz 3. What are the letter names of the points) musical and sung by children.) Listen, what understanding diminished seventh greater 2. chord in the key 8. What are the letter names of the enjoyment of his own natural and C sharp; do I hear! children are sing- 1 Two, C The flat; 4 Nine; of G-minor? (15 points) mediant triad in the key achievements. Four; 3. F-sharp, A, C, E. of D major? like a ing my verses. It sounds sharp; 6. By a half note, 4. How many thirty-second notes are (15 points) 5. G-double Richard J. said. Slack (age 15), 8. F-sharp, A. C-sharp; equal to a dotted prayer. As Chateaubriand 7. Seven; eighth tied to a 9. How many triplets cf eighth notes and New York. Four triplets. 10. E-sharp. dotted sixteenth? points) “Music is the child of prayer BOSTON UNIVERSITY College of Music (10 can he played in one measure of Offering complete courses in Piano, Voice, Organ, Violin, Cello, Brass, 5. is the letter of the (Mr- What name an aug- four-four time? (5 points) companion of religion.” Woodwinds, and Percussion instruments. Public School Music, Composi- tion, Church Music, Musicology. Chorus, Glee Club, Orchestra. Hand. mented fifth front C-sharp? (10 What is tlie letter {Continued, next page) NOTICE name of the lead- on SPECIAL Faculty includes members of Boston Symphony, Bachelor’s and Master’s points) ing tone in the key Degrees in all musical subjects. Dorms. Catalog. of F-sharp * CONTEST Born in died 1893. One ETUDE 6. How may the value of four thirty- Boston, 1835, The usual JUNIOR minor? (10 points) Phila- time rector of Trinity Church, College of Music, Room 115, 25 Blagden Street, Boston, Mass. second notes, plus four sixteenth ' Answers on next will omitted this month. page delphia. His statue stands in Copley he Square, in Boston, Massachusetts. 60 etude 61 ETUDE-DECEMBER W® 'DECEMBER 1949 1 8 ’ — —

Travis Sleepy Eyes 33 Mav Gattermeyer L Canzonetta from Violin Gay Ballerina Jan. 32 George Tschaikowsky ) Concerto in D Major Feb. for ' Whispers June Concise Index of ETUDE 1949 Love 363 \ Theme, 2nd Movement Grey Water Stars Mar. 165 I Piano Concerto in Dance Caprice Op. 28, B-flat Minor WHERE 1 July SHALL STUDY? ; TO , GO W Grieg 'MJottdenfiuC No. 3 May 304 Vandevere Here Comes the Train Jan. 2 V Pedro Little Admiral Aug. 486 I and Pepita June Wansborough Men Who Sing June Hellard Little Commander Feb. 88 Cherry Blossoms June PIANISTS Departments 3.87 Ward La FOR THE YOUNG / Mexico, Land of Musical Charm Drifting Along July 438 Fleurette Mar. ® Private Teachers Private Teachers [New York City) Stevenson Ilibbs Wigham Scottish Song (Western) Feb. 6 7 the Sprites Aug. Dance of May 310 Wollenhaupt Morceau “Modern is j Band and Orchestra Revclli Each Month MILHAUD. Music” Caracteristique Aug. Nonsense Hopkins Dream Waltz Dec. 32 A Jaunty Editorials Cooke Each Month Sep. Wright ) Ride Oct, Music Again? Why Not Take Twil igh t Med i tation Jan. 28 Junior Etude Gest Each Month Up { Southern Air July i Told at Twi ight Dec. HAROLD HURLBUT HAZEL GRIGGS CHILDREN’S GARLAND OF Music Lover’s Bookshelf Cadman Each Month Rieder Nov. 19 Hopson 46 Winter Frolic Nov. Music Teachers’ National Association Music Box, They’ve Revived Waller Sen. 25 Ihhntson 27 PARIS—NEW YORK— Piano Teachers' Workshop Harlequin Revels FOUR HANDS CHRISTMAS CAROLS Finney Feb. -Mar. -Apr. Music Hobby in Grass Roots Feb. 76 Johnson Pet. 32 Singers Who Have Studied with Him Include materials — procedures Musical Miscellany Slonimsky Every Other Month Music That Comes in Bottles Feb. 66 I Am Praying for You Mar. 170 Anthony Salute to the Colors July 1 private lessons, class lessons to Dec. Music, Universal Language Hanson Aug. 4 NADINE CONNER . by Mabel Besthoff . New Records Sep. 70 I Am Thine, O Lord Jan. 34 l Hungarian ,j — Kohlmann Dance No. /, Mar. 2 repertoire Musical Serpent White Apr. Brahms Distinguished Soprano Metropolitan Opera concert An illustrated Organ McCurdy Each Month 26!) Jesus Shall Reign Aug. 488 Hungarian Dance No. 5 June collection of sixteen Christmas Carols with Musicians Live Longer? Do j 2 HENRY CORDY, N.Y. City Center & Havana For information address words and music, Organ and Choir Questions Phillips Each Month Hi, a Crystal Fountain Dec. Chopin Military Polonaise Month Schweisheimer 31 May Operas... Steinway Building New York City jumbo notes, and easy piano accompaniment, together Pianist’s Page Maier Each Dancing in a Dream Anr. 239 Dittenhaver Sailing Out to Sea Aug. l EVELYN HERBERT ... ROBERT HALLI- with many stories about Notation. Musical. Inconsistencies in Questions and Answers Gelirkens Each Month In Old Arizona Engelmann Melody of Lovo DAY... LOIS LEE and other Stars of Opera, Tel. Scarsdale 3-6085 the carols -l Aug. 481 Feb. 0 and their writers. Contents: I HEARD Morgan Jan.-Mar.-May-July Lesinsky Aug. 475 King THE BELLS ON CHRISTMAS Radio On a Starlit Lake Oct. 37 Ketterer Here Comes the Parade Aug. 6 Stage and Radio Records Reed Feb. -Apr. -June Opera, Amateur, Why Not Go In For? ) DAY, WE, THREE KINGS OF THE ORIENT \ Twelve O’Clock Walts Nov. 35 Koh mann Ro k of Ages Apr. 4 Address: Hollywood, Calif. Phone: ARE, THE FIRST NOWELL IT Teacher’s Round Table Dumesnil Each Month Dickinson Feb. 86 GL. 1056 LUCIUS DUNCAN Sails on a Silvery Sea Mar. 168 Liszt Poetic Fragment from CAME UPON THE MIDNIGHT Violinist’s Forum Orchestra Music. Collection (Fleisher) Apr. 219 | CLEAR, JINGLE BELLS, GOD REST“' YE Lane “Les Preludes” Nov. 6 Concert Violinist—Teacher Berkley Feb.-Apr.-Jun.-Aug. to Dec. Organ Stops, Clarifying Names of \ Shares of Waikiki Mav 311 MERRY GENTLEMEN Podeska Shadows of the Night Jan. 6 and others. r Violin Questions Berkley Each McCurdy 353 ( Azalea Trail June 361 Pupil of Schradieck p Month June Lewis Richter Sweet Hour of Prayer July Voice Questions Douty Month Organ Study, Slimmer McCurdy 293 Pretty Little Daisy Each May { Aug. 498 Scott Top o’ the Mornin Sep. 5 THE LIVERFTTE VOCAL STUDIOS WESTCHESTER CONCERT BUREAU World of Music McCoy Each Month Organ, Tabernacle, in Salt Lake City CAROLS ( Bear8 in the Woods $CD. 44 Terry The Song Sparrow Feb. 3 FOR CHRISTMAS McCurdy White Plains, N. Y. Philadelphia, Pa. Sep. -Oct. Light < Joy Ride Feb. 108 AND OPERA ACADEMY 30 Christmas Carols Organ Teacher's Job to Inform Student 54 Bank St. 104 N. Mole St. and Hymns — Charles Dickens' Song of the Swing story, "A Christmas ( Jan. 12 Formerly assistant to Dr. tazar Samoiloff McCurdy Apr. 22 :: ORGAN White Plains 9-7808 7-0723 Carol, plus Twos The Night Articles ~ Locke Swinging in the Aug. 191 LO Before Christmas" set to music, and other Organists and Choirmasters McCurdy Mar. 151 Lucia Liverette, Director Hummock Sarabande from features. . * Organs. Electronic McCurdy Jan. 17 2nd July 6 Former Director of L. A. Civic Grand Opera Co. n . Accident, I Learned By Lanza MacFad.ven Cradle Song 484 Price .60 Dec. Organ Practice, How to Get McCurdy Dec- 24 Aug. English Suite CONCERT RADIO OPERA EDWIN HUGHES Adjudicator Hears It, Mcilale Sea Gulls * As Hosmer Apr. 224 Paderewski the Incomparable May 283 June 380 Delibes Arioso Oct. BAMPTON: What Is Your Vocal / Romanze June l Beginners to professional artists PIANISTS PREPARED FOR PUBLIC Pedal, Use the—Don’t Abuse It Benward Nov. 14 364 Demurest Melodie Poetique Feb. Problem ? Romanze from “Elne Write for information Dec. 23 PELLETIER. Door to Grand Opera Mar. -Apr. j Ganz Sunday Mornings in the PERFORMANCE AND FOR UNIVERSITY. (Band) Football More Mozart ' Klefnc Than Phrasing. Punctuate Through Rather May 280 Nachtmualk” Aug. 199 Mountains Ma.v 5 1833 W. Pico Blvd., Los Angeles, Calif. COLLEGE AND CONSERVATORY NEW! Touchdowns 1 Theme from Piano Con Revelli Oct. 7 Grieg fch Dich June 1 . Hebe Piano. But . I Used to Play Yaw Sen. 1 TEACHING POSITIONS (Band) Get Them Started Right Revelli \ certn in D Minor Sep. 20 Pieces That Please Dad Contain Apr. 271 May 306 Liadow Prelude Sep. Band. Marine Schelling Santa Claus in Town WINTER TEACHING SEASON: SEPTEMBER Apr. 270 PINZA. Why I Went to “South Pacific’’ Sep. Munn Nov. 45 Marryott arr. Lo. How a Rose E’er (Band) Pictures Have Impact 3 TO JUNE Presser, Theodore Cooke Jan. to June Lingering Memories Mar. 169 Blooming Nov. Olson and | ISABEL yoUR MacPherson Nov. 20 Professional Musician. Shall Sweet Thoughts Matthews. H. A. The Strife is O’er HUTCHESON For full information address: 1 Be- Oberg Feb. 98 Band. Salvation Army Neilson Jan. -Feb. 1 Apr. come ? Peter Aug. 472 The Graceful Swan (Palestrina) Teacher for 338 West 89th Street New York 24. N Y. Band. U. S. Air Force Zealley July 415 June 370 Piano Teachers Pupils and Impress Parents, How to O’Donnell Nautclt Dance Mall hews. J. S, Angelus- Med itation Dec. Tel. SChuyler 4-0261 Selected, Fingered and Bass. Good. Hard to Find Rodman Nov. 21 July 428 Mozart Selurzo from Serenade Modern Piano Technic: Group work for Teach- Win Arcs Nov. 12 Offenbach Barcan.ilv from HofT- MONTHLY SESSIONS IN Bassoon Clinic Series Cooper Mar. to June ers: WASHINGTON. D.C. Quiz: Musical Quiz Perlce Apr. 214 No. 7 Coaching concert pi a nisi s : Conducting BE ECII AM. Sir Thomas Goes on Record mann June 366 Edited with Study Notes by GUY MAIER Oct. 13 Musikwiz Lowall Sep. Mitni Stabile Vesper Meditation Jan. 39 "Piano Teachers Forum." Bells are Tuned. How Medosch 4 Overholt June 371 June 3SG Radio Concert Band, Scientific Larkin Mar. 152 Paymer Hiking Song Wolf March of Spr ing Mar. 176 BROOKS MAYS MUSIC STUDIOS CHARLES 24 compositions of J. S. Bach, chosen from Suites, Partitas, Two- and Three- BLACK. Charms of Operetta July 411 Sen. 45 LAGOURGUE Recitals Interesting, Make Ashrand June 34 9 Peery Joyous Boston, Musical, in Gay tHIs Easter Song Anr. 252 l005'/2 Elm Street, Dallas 2, Texas Phone C-6214 Hill Jan. to May Relax and Improvise Castagnctta Ei Voiced Inventions, Well-Tempered Clavichord, and “Goldberg” Variations. Boston. Musical Radio Census Dec. 18 l’eluso stacy Anr. 235 VIOLIN STUDIOS Sep. 13 Rhythm Puts Life Into Music Burris June 340 Powell Visions BOWMAN, Good Dancers Good Musicians of Oct. 35 VOICE PRODUCTION— Representative selections students and amateurs will enjoy reading and play- Sep. 12 ROMAN, Gaining Experience Aug. 471 Read Petite Berceuse SINGING BRAILOW'NKY, Training of Pianist Feb. Hen. 27 Aulln Humoresque Nov. 41 65 RUDDKLL. Miracles of Recording Oct. 23 COMPLETE MUSICAL EDUCATION ing a compact, balanced course for intermediate grade . . . prolific Buffet to Record Cabinet ( l bout Frogs 435 ... BeU Apr. 276 SCHMITZ. Technic Must Release 158 Bunny July ‘ Music Mar. Rabbit Burleigh Buxtehude. Groat Dane” Beans \ U r 252 i Flower Maidens 248 Mr. Lagourgue is the author of Lund Feb’ 82 SCHOLER. Psychologist Looks Apr. EVANGELINE LEHMAN ” informative notes in Maier's informal style. Price 1.50 at Music Nov. 23 Come With Torches, ' By Any Other Name Murdoch July 416 rhas'ns Prelude in E Minor Oct. 41 'The Secret —Daily Vocal Exercises. School Orchestra Knnth May 294 Jeanette, Isabella Carillon. Bargain-Counter McCurdy Nov. 25 from Forbes Rain Jan. 40 TEACHER OF SINGING Expert in Sight-Reading Helps Doorcnbos July 444 ’ UhriAtniax solving all problems of the SINGING CARTER. Problems of Young Pianist July 420 Melodies” Dec. 42 Summer Night June 376 Opera—Operetta—Oratorio— Concert. Choral Silence in Music Monica Oct. 21 Richter Deck the Hall from Franklin jnd SPEAKING Voice — huskiness, nasality, YOUR CHOPIN BOOK THINKING FINGERS Conducting, Technics of Hosmer Jan. 18 The Bob- o- Link Mar. 178 Choral Sing, Boys. Sing Morgan July 414 “Christmas Melodies" 167 Elmhurst Av., Detroit Mich. To. 5-8413 Music. Role of Tempo in Krone June 354 Dec. 42 Gardner 1 aqueros Sep. 38 3, throatiness. Also stammering corrected. Sing our Wav Bark to Health Stock Feb. 68 Drum Choral Road, Keep in Middle of Morgan Atig 474 Oct. 43 Lewis Flight May 313 Selected and Edited Singer and Stage Fright Bagiev 291 35 West 57th Street, New York by GUY MAIER by GUY MAIER & HERBERT BRADSHAW Choral Singing, Short Cut to Talmddge May Merry Christmas Bells Nor. 46 Schubert Entr’acte II from Sep' “Skid Row Tchaikovsky" Freedman July 419 Old English EL. 5-2367 23 Chopin compositions including Pre- Christian Upsurge Through Music Carol Nov. 46 “Rosaraunde” Dec. 38 Essential, effective finger exercises for Song, Think Only of June Beneath Sunderman New 396 Ritter a Weeping Smith The Merry-Go-Round Feb. 106 . July 413 ludes. Mazurkas, Nocturnes, Christmas, Speed Mania by Performers Gebhard Jan. 23 Willow PETERSON Waltzes, the development of pianistic control and Sing Ho For Aldredge Dec. 8 Sen. 32 EDNA GUNNAR (FRANK) (ERNESTO) STIGNANI. of Church Service, Playing Piano in Jackson Elements Bel Canto June 350 Robinson. Mister Hop- Toad Dec. 44 Polonaises, etc. Price 1.00 facility. Price 1.00 Aug. 473 STILL, Composer Needs Determination Concert Pianist Artist Teacher Claque. It’s Same Old Berlioz-Wilson Anne Riding Down the Trail July 4 10 VOICE — LA FORGE-BERUMEN STUDIOS Dec. 14 and Faith Class Piano, Tips for Teachers of Jan. Robinson. Little Dutch Dance Mar. 181 22? So. Harvard Blvd. Los Angeies, Calif. STOKOWSKI. Listening Pleasure Little Voice MOZART: Sonata in Montague Oct. W. E. Russian Dance Dec. 43 Agay Believing Oct. 38 Ft. 2597 — Piano B[> Major (K. 570) Apr. 267 STOSKA. Preparing Copyright Music, How to MacCarteney for Opera May 300 Chinese Pigtail Dance Feb. 109 The Summer Days are Among those who have studied with Mr. La July 400 Strange Parallels Blake with introduction and fingering by Guy Maier COTLOW, Beginning Career Valjean Get. 10 Rovenger Sparks Jan. 43 Come Again July 434 Forge are: Marian Anderson, Apr. 211 Strauss. Richard Lawrence Tib- Creative Instinct. Phases of Peyckp Cooke Nov. Fawns at Play Feb. 110 Bmwn The Beatitudes Feb. 104 Beautiful Sonata available for first time in single July 412 bett, Richard Crooks, and Mme. Matzenauer. American Edition. Strauss. Story of “Schani” Craves 343 Rungee - the Cross Crime Hazard, Overcoming with Music June Morning- on The Lake#,u«w7 308 Byles Wood y)f Apr. 249 . — - May 1100 Park STRAVINSKY, What Makes Composer Sonata Rise I’p, Shepherd and Ave., Corner 89th St., New York Price .75 Bunell Apr. 213 Scarlatti { XVII in A Major Nov. 28 , THE SAMOILOFF _ , , _ Great? Dorsey Tel. 9-7470 Denmark s Royal Conductor Erwe Sep. 17 Arabian Nights jvb. 99 Follow Dec. 36 Atwater Aug. 461 Strings, BEL CANTO STUDIOS & OPERA ACADEMY Depression, Don’t Worry About Next Dilemma of Ott Oct. 12 Dance Russe Jan. 30 Dungan Vision May 312 Strings, Fighting Famine of Gershefski Nov. 22 Yesterday where you can learn the original Leith Sep. 18 Hungarian Fantasy Mar. 166 Dunlap Dreams of Mar. 174 The only place Selection*. Summer Symphony Revelli July 402 In The Shepherds and the ftem HANDEL’S MESSIAH Does lour Band Play in Tune? Neilson Dec. 20 Chinatown May 320 Samoiloff Bel Canto Method which developed RICHARD McCLANAHAN TAYLOR, Teen-Agers 226 Gaul Nov. 39 Don't Plan to Be Conductor Ansermet Dec. 12 and Music Apr. Jolly Little Brownies Anr. 254 Inn outstanding voices as NELSON EDDY, Exponent TOBIAS Teaching, Essentials such MATTHAY DUPRE, Aspects of Organ in America of Berkley May 29 7 Scarecrows in the Night Oct. 46 Moore Come, Weary Soul Aug. 493 eelty Feb. 79 Technique BIANCA SAROYA. DIMITRI ONOFRI and Private lessons, class lessons in Fundamentals fit tKUuuyicied tfer PIANO SOLO (Dykes) Master Hymn Tune Writer Forms Structure Allison Apr. 270 Color Moods Feb. 95 Potter Since You are You Jan. 38 Tone, Swing Into 11 June 3 75 many others. Now under the direction of Zepha Summer-class, Southwest Harbor, Me. Hamilton Jan. 20 Levine Dec. Schlllio Starry Night Sen. 30 Roberts He Cares for Me ENESCO, Training, Broader. Musicians Stress Sep. S Shaw Little Song Sep. 36 Samoiloff. 801 Steinway Bldg. New York City by ROBERT SHELDON Building Musicianship July 401 XJndrr the Linden Tree Ju’y 422 Europe, Musical, Revisited Foldes Mar. Turning Music Pages Kaser June 387 Write for Catalog, 3150 West Sixth St. 147 Schubert Let Me Dream July 422 Fiddling While Sun Bums Violin and Cello Tops. New Form for Los Ange.es 5 Menuetto in Minor GUY MAIER enthusiastically recommends these new arrangements for piano Schweisheimer Aug. 465 Edwards June 381 B Sen. 28 CHORUS EDWARD E. TREUMANN Arabesque 90 Phone FE 8294 No charge for Audition FIEDLER, Help Our Young Orchestras Nov. 13 VOGT. Miss Mary at the Manuals Sep. 7 Feb. studyl Enduring music for every church, home and studio, these selections are Voices. Bass. 445 Schumann Novelette The Heather Rose Sep. 47 Concert Pianist—Artist-Teacher Fiorii—10 Studies——— Berkley Jan. -Feb-Feb. Unusual White July Oct. 27 Hemried Minuet a He Givetli All Oct. 47 also, indeed, recital .fisher. VVm. Arms Mar. Wagner. So You Want to be Artist? Oct. 15 Seeboeck I’Antico Apr. 242 Schubert Recommended by Emil Von Sauer, Mortiz Mosz- wonderful materials. 139 Nowell Sing 47 France. Will Music Festivals WARREN'. How to Build Confidence Mar. 149 Autumn Night Nor. 31 Seliew We Dec. kowski and Joseph Hofmann. ' DR. FRANCIS L. YORK AND WITH HIS STRIPES WE ARE HEALED (Chorus) 50 ne a WATERS. Break in Your Voice? Apr. 221 O Jesus, Flower of '« _ Seroff Mar. 143 Shumaker Carnival Days Anr. 246 Studio, Carnegie Hall, Suite 837, GALAMIAN.p .s, , [ Basiss , „ Singing Before Microphone June 351 Jesse’s Rod Nov. 47 Advance Piano Interpretation and the Theory HALLELUJAH CHORUS (Simplified Arrangement) of Fine Violin Humpty Dumpty SeD. 46 J 40 Playing When Christmas Comes Cooke Dec. Whitehead < Kings from a Par Land Nov. 47 required for the degrees of Mus. Bach., 57th St. at 7th Ave. ju i v 417 El Capita ? work Sousa i Anr. 2 10 Shepherds in Bethlehem Nov. 48 5-4357 HE SHALL FEED HIS FLOCK LIKE A SHEPHERD (Aria) 40 GOLDOW SKY. Education in Opera Aug. WHITEMAN. New World of Television June 341 Special Chopin interpretation. Tel. Columbus New York City 463 Stabile Paso Amoroso Nor. 34 < Dear Little One Nov. 48 and Mus. Mas. Good Music. Country Hungry for Antrim Why Do We Call Them Carols? Dec. 13 Sleep, Summer Master Class—June 15 to August 15. HE WAS DESPISED (Aria) .40 June 345 Pelicans on Parade June 378 DETROIT CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC GORIN. Use Those Precious Moments Jan, 15 WILLIAMS. America Hope of Musical Stairs Ra 'ndmps World 215 on the Roof Mar. ISO HOW BEAUTIFUL ARE THE FEET OF THEM (Aria) 40 GRETCHANINOFF, Russian Masters of Apr. A ight Detroit, Mich. Yesterday Woodwinds. Taylor 21 Steiner Hike Jan. 44 MISCELLANEOUS j une 344 Those Fascinating Sen. The MME. GIOVANNA VIOLA (hull) RECITATIVE AND ARIA 50 GRIGGS, Today’s Children Words and Music McClanahan Feb. 75 Balloon Man Dec. 44 Build To Menuetto from Quartet Dramatic Soprano morrow’s Audiences Stevens. E. The Drum Major Dec. 45 Havdn SURELY HE HATH BORNE OUR GRIEFS (Chorus) Apr. 230 Ysaye as Teacher Ysaye Jan. 4 No. 52 (String {New York City) Teacher of Singing— 50 Guest Conductor Waltz for a Little Doll Feb. 108 Private Teachers "Bel Canto" Hosmer Feb. 80 ZARIEF, Concerning the Concertmaster Ma.v 284 Quartet) Oct. SAITH (Recitative) Hail Rotarians, etc. Busy Beaver Experienced European trained Artist THUS THE LORD 40 Aug. 466 Mar. 182 Rhumba Serenade (B- Handbells Revived Horwood„ By McKay Coaching Opera, Concert and Radio Dec. G Stevens. Milo • a Singing Brook SeD. 31 Flat Trumpet and Hands, Look Out for Schweisheimer Feb. Correct voice production, 85 Music Crimson Carnations July 421 Piano) Dec. HELEN ANDERSON defective singing Hands Together Steinel July KEY RELATIVES 447 Thomas. Knmrrst Thou the Afozart German Dance (Quartet- corrected. iiuimuu,Harmony onuu .uigiiwayHighway Feb. A. Land Anr. 236 Concert Pianist Harp 124 Piano from “Mignon” Oboe, Clarinet. Horn, Beginners accepted Goes to Public School Lami Mar. 154 Thomas. Dainty Butt, reap May 319 Bassoon) Nov. Interesting course—piano, harmony Phone: Trafalgar 7-8230 Mon., Tues., Wed., by Eula Ashworth Lindfors HARRELL, Strictly American Vocal J. J J Thurs. ' Aaron Donkey Trail Mar. 180 ( Dancing Loreley (Violin Quartet) Aug. Problems Elf July 438 Silcher Successful Pupils 608 West End Ave. New York City Pjfe»3 Aug. 479 Adler My Ting-a-Ling Oct, 43 Many High C's, Case of Disappearing Hendricks Feb* 77 Arant Ducks on the Pond Oct. 44 166 W. 72nd St.. N. Y. C. Tel. Sc 4-8385 i c kj golesin Teacher’s Poeketbook Broughton Key masteryl Every Major and Minor Key in Scales, Thirds, Sixths and Tenths June 359 Bourree No.- 1 (from CRYSTAL WATERS HI ROK, Talent Isn t Enough Sep 5 English Suite No. 2 and all Dominant and Diminished Hymn, World’s Favorite Seventh Chords with Arpeggios of every White Mar 140 in A Minor) Dec. 28 Concert Singer — Teacher Hymns, What, Shall Wq Play? McCurdy July position, in two-octave 413 Bourree No. 2 (from BOXALL BOYD Voice Building, Breathing, form with complete fingering. Also fingering of all Imagination, Key to Child’s Musical MARY English Suite No. 2 Interest Richter Am* Bach Diction, Expression, Style. Common Chord Arpeggios in all positions, blocked fingering, etc. in A Minor) Dec. 30 (Pupil of Leschetizky) Industry. Music In, Pays Dividends In preparation for Rue Oct. Sarabande (from Eng- Pianist—Teacher—Coach—^Program Building Price .75 Iron Curtain. Musical Fireworks Radio, Screen, Stage, Behind lish Suite No. 2 in A "The results she can obtain ore miraculous" Sprnff Jan 5 27 Concert, Opera. THE FIRST ia Minor) Dec. — NAME IN PIANO METHODS Thi ' lf ®.u Lachtnund Jan. Writes Leland Hall— Prof, of Music t a lr- V tr" 18 Prelude Oct. 30 Write for JAMS,vn? Fine Art of Practicing in E Minor Circular Oct. Baines 309 Smith College JOHNSON, Goodbye, Mr. Johnson Purple Asters May 405 E. 54 St. New York City Nov. Bennett The Village Green Aug. 500 Address—Steinway Hall— Nola Studios— KONTOROWICZ. Musical Development Tel. Vo-5-1362 MICHAEL AARON PIANO COURSE Beethoven Melody (from Violin ||3 W. 57th St., New York City, N. Y. m Ethiopia F'eh 69 Sonata in C Minor) Jan. Terrace, Princeton, N. J.) LAMPERTI; On Decline of Art (Also 9 Chambers Perfect Uninterrupted Sequence of Rondo (from Sonata — Natural Progression Singing 0ct Tel. 2079 M LEOPOLD WOLFSOHN 19 Pathetique) Mar. 160 of Yesterday. Musical Behrs July 409 45 MICHAEL AARON PIANO PRIMER Leschetizky Taught, Bircsak Limpid Waters Oct. Pianist and teacher 60 Just How Boyd Aug 480 Black 49$ Lessons, Getting Most From Stepping Stones Aug. Teacher of Aron Copland, Elie Siegmeister GRADE ONE Pittenger Aug* 460 Brouwers 231 1.00 ootlle Dance of the Iris Mar. " Oofmam Nov.' JACK EPSTEIN and many artists and teachers. LEU.NE. Fingerl?. v . Flitting Butterflies June 379 GRADE TWO ' ] 00 Stroke in Piano Playing May Brown Spanish Eyes Sen. 34 BARITONE BEGINNING TO ARTISTIC FINISH GRADE THREE 1.00 Morning Mar. 179 Security in Playing Mar. 157 Sunny Specialist in Technical Development and the GRADE FOUR Liberal Arts Vital Howerton Browning On Parade from "Modes Concerts — Opera — Teaching . j j.00 Dec. 21 Art of Interpretation. Coaching for Recitals. Lofgren, Midwestern Pioneer Jan. and Characters” Dec. 16 Music Studios Palm Beach, Fla. Hotel Ansonfa, B'way at 73rd St., New York City MICHAEL AARON ADULT PIANO COURSE 1.00 LYMPAXY. Becoming Better Pianist May Burleigh Snowbirds Feb. 93 Manuscripts, 281 Inquiries to MICHAEL AARON PIANO TECHNIC Music, How to Write Mazurka, Op. 33., No. 1 Apr. 234 — Book One .75 Stainway Bldg., New York City Dumars 0ct 11 Chopin Nocturne (Posthumous) 1401 CECILE JAHIEL MASTEE LESSONS: Jan. 25 MICHAEL AARON PIANO TECHNIC — Book Two 75 Chopin : Op. 72, No. 1 (Maier) Polonaise Op. 26. No. 1 July 423 CONCERT. PIANIST—COMPOSER Free 32 Page Plano Catalog! Write Dept. E-12 Prelude? in A-Flat Major 439 , Op. 28 Christensen Dress Parade July 1st prize of the -Parrs Conservatory 31 Jan. 12 Debussy Page d’Album Oct. Former Prelude in 29 ROY CAMPBELL pupil of Cortot and 'Ravel B-Flat Minor , On. 28, Duncan Lanterns on the Lake Jan. A o. 16 .86 Coaching concert pianists for recital. T an 12 Dungan Blue Haze. Oct. Teacher of Successful Singers of MILLS MUSIC, INC. Prel"de in D Minor, Op. 28, No. 2/ Eckhardt Lullaby Apr. 253 — Courses for piano teachers _,nd qdvanced pupils. f Feb'. 64 Sandy’s Theatre Pictures Concert—Opera Prelude in E-Flat Radio— — Major, Op. 28, Long Ago in Old Vienna June 368 Theatre Master classes for concert pianists.. No. 19. Federer "STYLE-IZING" for Radio and the 1619 Broadway, New York 1 N. Y. Feb. 64 An Old Valentine Feb. 87 Private lessons. Register now for winter classes. 9, Mozart’s Romance —Studio June 360 Fenstock Sentimental interlude May 301 Chicago Bach’s Sarabande 607-8 Carnegie Hall New York City 18 East 78th Street New York City, N. Y. 4, Los Angeles 14, Calif. Dec. Forrest Parade of the Tin MELCHIOR, What is Your Vocal Telephone Cl 5-9244 REgent 7-7030 4-1589 Soldiers Ma.v 318 or RHinelander Prob lem ? 8 Nov. li Frank Harp Sounds at Eventide Apr. 23

62 FTU 63 ETUDE-DECEMBER 1949 °E-DECEMBER 1949 — . — —

Swing into Your Tone ^Musical faulty ^Animals You Have Special Advantages When Continued, from page 11) through keyboard approach ( andJewelry Your Teacher is a Member of sharp attack, he will find that he have developed neuritis and even will get in time a beautiful, pearly those unsightly bumps called quality of tone that will surprise “weeping sinews.” Only rest can cure the neuritis, and the “weep- him. A menagerie of soft, fluffy animals He will get not only tonal bene- ing sinews” need a doctor’s care. NATIONAL GUILD of PIANO TEACHERS made of REAL lambs wool, stuffed with fits from using the controlled Some doctors use a heavy hook kapok. swinging touch but he will get to smash the bumps, which are Each contains an imported Swiss mental and physical benefits as sacs of fluid that have formed un- music You may learn how you can earn a cer- box, playing a delightful, appro- well. He will play with more au- der great tension. Sometimes sur- tificate, frat pin, Teachers Diploma, cash priate tune. thority and ease. He will have a gery has to be performed to re- prize, Scholarship or Artist Diploma by reassuring sense of mastery over move the sacs. writing to the office of the President the keyboard. His muscles feel Controlled power should he the Remember—they’re washable too! buoyant and elastic. Playing be- goal of every student. Then, if and NIPPY THE PUP Scrub them with suds, then brush their comes a joy rather than a physi- when the need comes later for Irl Allison, M.A., Mus.D., Box 1113, Austin, Texas coats just like a real cal torture. blustering and tempestuous cli- ??144M 9Vi inches high, and absolutely irresistible. — animal. Their In a contest between muscles maxes, the performer will have the magnetic eyes Hold bone up to his mouth, and see his and mouth are of thread, so Baby and keys the muscles, if improp- this in an abundant reserve. Re- head turn to grab iff He's musical too, and plays a can’t swallow them, and their soft PETER RABBIT erly used, will come out second member the line of Browning: pleasant tune with a twist of the key. $8.95 Schools -Colleses fJKiene TKe&tre best. How often have we heard “The great mind knows the fleece makes them especially nice. /442M—Every child will love having his favorite 6 Dramatic, Lyric and Dance Arts power Est. 1894 SCHOOL of eager, talented students who of gentleness.” story book come to life like this. Peter has a cute new OF STAGE • RADIO • TELEVISION CONVERSE Speech Arts, Drama, Playwright ing Musical - COLLEGE MUSIC necktie, and is 9 inches high, including his Comedy, Musical-Drama, Vocal, Dance Itevues, big, long Edwin Gerschefski, Dean, Spartanburg, S. C. Ballet. Toe, Tap, Exhibition. Technical and practical training essential to the layman, to a $7.95 Department of Music KNOX career, teaching and directing G. I. Bill fVH V A Galesburg, Illinois Write Sec'y.Shubert, 1780 Broadway, N. Y. Thomas W. Williams, Chairman City 19. PAfl 1 FlOF PHILADELPHIA MUSICAL ACADEMY VvLLCiUli Catalogue sent upon request. Founded 1870 Now in 80TH SEASON Chartered by State* CONSERVATORY JANI SZANTO, President- Director, 1617 Spruce St. Phila. 3, Pa. OF MUSIC COSMOPOLITAN COMPLETE COURSES IN ALL DEPARTMENTS SHENANDOAH L. B. Hill. Pres. School of Music OF MUSIC Special Opera Department — Master Classes with Noted Artists Courses leading to the B. Mus. and B. Mus. Courses offered in all branches Music. of Depart- Inquiries degrees. In the heart Welcomed — Catalogue on Request Ed. Member NASM. ment of Speech and Theatre Art. Certificates, of the Shenandoah Valley, Dayton, Virginia. Approved for Veterans Training diplomas, and degrees awarded. Member N. A. S.M. For information and catalog: REGISTRAR. Box E, 306 S. Wa- bash Ave., Chicago 4, Illinois

Pianists—Send for free booklet showing liow you may greatly THEODORE PRESSER CO improvc your Icehnic, accuracy, JAMES MILLIKIN memorizing, sight-reading and UNIVERSITY playing thru mental muscular co- SCHOOL OF MUSIC Bryn Mawr, ordination. Quick results. Practice effort mini- Pennsylvania mized. Used by famous pianists, teachers and DECATUR, ILLINOIS students. No obligation. Offers thorough training in music. Courses lead- ing to degrees of: Bachelor of Music. Bachelor 8 road well Studios Schools, Dept. 69M, Covina, Cal. of ORDER BLANK Music Education. Master of Music, and Master BO-PEEP of Music Education. LAMB Member of theN ational Association Schoolsof Music Bulletin MUSICAL sent upon request ANIMALS AND JEWELRY: #542M—Bo-Peep may have "lost her sheep," but PIANO BREAKS W. ST. CLARE MINTURN. Director Our Monthly Bulletin Break enables you Please ship the following: TEDDY BEAR your child never will want to to build up and glamourize the songs on be without this wooly the Hit Parade with clever breaks, novel Quantity Every child's musical lamb, figures afld tricky boogie effects. Order No. Price favorite toy is his teddy bear. This one SCATTER-PIN OR CHARM SYMPHONY so soft and snuggly and appealing. Send 20 cents for latest copy or $2 for a Philadelphia Conservatory year. Mention if teacher. and Of Music Founded 1877 its big brother are especially appealing. Of Ten inches high. $7.95 THE AXEL CHRISTENSEN METHOD $_ Have an entire orchestra at your fingertips! Maria Ezerman Drake, Director natural Studio E, P. O. Box 185, Wheaton, III. lamb's wool, with red ribbons, and musical of Wear these attractive gold and enamel instru- Eminent Faculty $_ course. ments as charms on your bracelet, and dupli- Expert Child Training $_ DILLER-QUAILE Courses leading to Degrees cate with an ensemble on your blouse or #832M 12 inches 216 S. 20th St. LOeust 7-1877 $_ $7.95—#842M—14 inches $8.95 School of Music sweater. Choose your instruments, from $_ piano, violin, cornet, cello, banjo, trombone, Teacher Training and General $- guitar, drum, saxophone. Musicianship Courses BALDWIN-WALLACE CINNAMON BEAR Total Amount CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC $ #844CM 66 East 80 St. New York 21, N. Y. 14 inches high, of soft reddish brown lamb's BEREA, OHIO (suburb of Cleveland) Cosh with order Charge to Gold-Filled $0.72 each Affiliated with a first clast Liberal Arta College. D my account *001 sturdy , and durable. Four and fire year courses leading 10 degrees. Faculty $9.95 of Gold Dipped $0.48 each THE Artist Teacher*. Bend for catalogue or lnforma MUSICLEF MANNES. tion to- CHRISTMAS CARDS: HAROLD W. BALTZ, Dean. Berea. Ohio Specify pin or bracelet charms. MUSIC SCHOOL Please ship the following: Professionals* Non-Professionals* Children Gold Finished Chain Bracelet $0.50 each Class and Individual Instruction Quantity Order No. COCKER SPANIEL Artist Teachers p riee Scholarships for Orchestral Instruments ENTER an UNCROWDED PROFESSION set of these Order a complete #1142M 10 DAVID LEOPOLD $ — inches of cuddly pup, complete with & MANNES, Directors bracelet charms, and we'll include Room 33. 157 East74th St., New York 21, N. Y. the largest school in the country music. Of natural lamb's wool with big brown Enroll Any Time $ the bracelet FREE. ears, Veteran Approved Prl»> include 20% Federal ti he’s almost as much fun as a real $_ spaniel! $7.95 LEARN "SWING" MUSIC Chromatic Stroboscope Instruction Quick courts to players of all Instrument*—make your own arrangement* of ‘'hot'' break*. cborutaa. obbligato*, $- •mballtahmanta. figuration*, blua not**, whola tons*, ate. Print MODERN DANCE ARRANGING clearly name (s) to be imprinted: Duett, trio*, quartettes and ensembles— special choruses PHILADELPHIA SCHOOL —modulating to other keys— suspensions— anticipation! —organ points—color effects —swing? backgrounds Write today. OF PIAH0 TUNING — Imprinting charge $ ELMER B. FUCHS 335 East 19th St. Brooklyn 20. N. Y. Total THEODORE RESSER CO. AND REPAIR, INC. Amount $ K Cash with order Phone MArket 7-6674 D Charge to my account PRIVATE MUSIC TEACHERS 763-765 S. 8th St. Philadelphia, Pa. A/LaA-^C IPtaItIaaMjIAA. Simplify your bookkeeping by using THE Date |9 HRUBY LESSON RECORD and schedule. KITTY KAT Name . . Simple and accurate. Good for 12 months. ATTENTION Only 75y a copy postpaid. Send for your VIOLINISTS: 942M OLD AND MODERN ITALIAN VIOLINS. Mother or Auntie will giving this Bryn copy to adore Mawr, Pennsylvania fv F^nert Repairing Guarantees New Life Address to Your Violin. rky HRUBY LESSON RECORD ' P |a yful CO. kitten, and Baby will love its cuddly fur 1391 6th Avenue. Hew farfc 19. tf.Y. 14817 Euclid Ave., Cleveland 12, Ohio City TEL. CO. 5 4078 *he pretty State tune it plays. Nine inches high, and sure ,0 please. $7.95 USE ORDER BLANK ON OPPOSITE PAGE 64 ETUDE-DECEMBER 1949 —

"‘'Wt&Vlty SAY IT WITH

ARTISTIC CHRISTMAS CARDS ClCAtCct eAfietialty music-minded people

of card shown below each illustration Envelopes included with all cards Message

an s~ ^

No. 502. $1.25 per box (25). 4" x 5" "Always in tune with a note of cheer for a merry xmas and a happy new year"

No. 504. $1.25 per box (25). 4" x 5" No. 1003. $2.50 per box (25). 4'/7 " x 516" No. 501. $1.25 per box (25). 4" x 5" "and a Holiday of Good Cheer" "Let us be instrumental in bringing you new No. 1 504. $3.75 per bo* (25) "On wings of song comes the sweetest wish wishes for an old season" 5" x 614" steel engraved of all . . . happiness all ways, always" "Holiday Cheer"

No. 1506. $3.75 per box (25). 5" x 614" "variations on an old theme—a Christmas melody in harmony with the New Year"

< A ? V 2 ^

v - No. 1505. $3.75 per box (25). 5" x 6'/*" "Earth and heaven sing — music fills the No. 1501. $3.75 per box (25) air joy in everything gladness — — 5" x 6’A" steel engraved No. No. 1503. S3. 75 per box (25) everywhere" No. 2501. $6.25 per box 1502. $3.75 per box (25) (25) "a serenade of the season to express every 5" x 614" steel engraved 5" x 614" steel engraved 5 Vi" x 7" steel engraved wish for your holiday happiness" "and a "on our toes to wish you the happiest of "Hearken to the carolers, voices ringing Happy New Year" holidays"

clear . . . Yuletide greetings and a glad New Year"

No. 1001. $2.50 per box (25). 4W x 516" No. 5" "The only tune j" 1004. $2.50 per box (25). AW x 5W No. 503. $1.25 per box (25). 4" x that we can play is for a No. 1002. $2.50 per box (25). 4’i" x 51 "on a tree full of for No. 2502. $6.25 per box (25) happy Holiday. Jingle wishes holiday cheer" "plucked from the heart—a string of good Bells . . . "A duet of good wishes — a very Merry 516" x 7" steel engraved Jingle . wishes for the happiest of holiday seasons" Bells . Christmas, a very Happy New Year" "a holiday duet so sweet to your ear a merry christmas, a happy new year"

EXCEPTIONAL VALUE!! Musical Christmas cards—the kind you'll be proud to send! INTRODUCING They're distinctive, attractively boxed, colorful —with appropriate sentiments. Gee Clef! Personalize them by having your name imprinted on each Gee The Christmas Greeting Doll card. Imprinting costs: 25— $2.25; 50—$2.50; 75— $2.75; 100 $3.00, each additional 25—25 cents. These charges are in addi- 16 Different $1.00! tion to prices of cards as shown above. Be sure to PRINT clearly Cards for the name or names to be imprinted. Each one is individual, cute, USE THE ORDER BLANK ON PAGE 64 lively, likeable, colorful, musical, Clip it out, fill in your order and mail to us. Please allow two full of rhyme and the Christmas weeks for delivery. spirit! Young These cards come 25 to a box. We're sorry we cannot send less Attractively boxed. Charge for imprinting Gee than 25 of one number! However, we have a people music stu- Gee Clef cards in addition — especially to cost of SPECIAL ASSORTMENT! cards: 1 box, dents — will want to send them

$1.75; . 2 boxes, $2.75; 3 this Christmas. One of each of the 16 cards shown above—all sixteen— $2.00! boxes, $3.25; 4 boxes, No Imprinting on this assortment. $3.50.

THEODORE PRESSER CO., Bryn Mowr, Pennsylvania