LEIIERS

Millerites name, dates of birth and death, as well ory as the "see what this leads to" con- The brief sketch of Charles Fitch in as the words "Who shall roll away the clusion of an Adventist editorial on "William Miller's Helpers" (July 28) stone?" Wes Peterson alcohol is a bit irresponsible and turns mentions his "baptizing three groups of Des Moines, Iowa off young people. young people" a few days before the Perhaps in France Coke is somehow expected return of our Lord. This cor- Notable Silence connected culturally to champagne, but rect statement, however, does not In recent months the Review has unlikely so in the United States, where express the poignancy of the event. printed some articles and many letters we're introduced to the joys of "bub- Fitch had already baptized one about sexual abuse by church members. bles" in 7-Up, root beer, mineral water, group, and seeing that mid-October is Obviously this sort of thing must not be etc. My father's special Sabbath after- not the ideal time of the year for going tolerated in the remnant church. In the noon treat to us was root beer floats into Lake Erie, even fully clothed, he majority of cases the perpetrators have (great memories), and despite a lifetime was quickly returning home in cold, been males. Unfortunately, there has "addiction" to these, I still find cham- wet clothes. On the way he met another been a notable silence about one factor pagne distasteful. I suspect the same group who were anxious to be baptized that surely has to be a significant influ- could be true for other Adventists who before the Lord's coming. So, shivering ence in some cases of sexual abuse— can intelligently separate the effects of and cold, Fitch went again, waist-deep, the lamentable tendency of some drinking one beverage from another. into the cold waters of the lake and bap- women to display bare skin. Barbara Aved tized them. Returning once more to get Because of injudicious reading that I Sacramento, California changed and warmed, he met yet a third did as a teenager and a young man, I group who earnestly requested baptism. have had a severe struggle maintaining Reviving Education In spite of his coldness, he also purity of mind. This struggle is renewed I read "A Revival of Christian immersed this last group. when I see women dressed skimpily or Education" (August NAD issue) to The next morning he had a heavy in figure-revealing clothes. It has been learn what our division's goal for cold, but nevertheless rode his horse to shown that men are more sexually Christian schools is. I share the con- visit other believers. The serious chill aroused by sight than are women. Ellen cepts Dr. Warren Minder outlines developed into a fever, and he died. White states: "The lust of the eye and except for one. He says teachers in When he awakes on the resurrection corrupt passions are aroused by behold- Adventist schools should be church morning, will he think that it is October ing and by reading" (Testimonies, vol. members and follows that absolute 22, 1844? Ellen White wrote of him as 2, p. 410). Some of our sisters will be with: "Perhaps, as one moves up the one "whom God had laid in the grave to found guilty of unnecessarily arousing ladder of education to graduate save him" (Early Writings, p. 17). To the base passions of their brothers. school, a Christian teacher who is not save him eternally, or from the Name Withheld a member of the Adventist Church Disappointment? Probably both. wouldn't greatly influence the student Edward E. White Advice From a Catholic whose value system is firmly in Berkshire, England I am a practicing Catholic and my place." wife is an Adventist, and together we The challenge at all levels of educa- "William Miller's Helpers" brought determined to raise our son as an tion—including pastors, parents, and back memories for me. I grew up in Adventist also. Sabbath school teachers—is the prob- Sioux Falls, South Dakota. As a boy I I have a for-what-it's-worth observa- lem of modeling. I do not cast away my lived for a time across the fence from tion. I believe it's time for Adventists to inner beliefs when I walk through the the cemetery in which Joshua V. Himes quit using the Catholic Church to prove doors of a classroom or into a pulpit. If is buried. themselves. Your church is more than I am a person with a winning personal- Himes apparently never became a 130 years old, and if you haven't ity dealing with 6-year-olds, I will have Seventh-day Adventist, but he spent his matured beyond comparisons, you an immense impact on their futures. If I declining years in their company. He probably never will. Walter C. Lane am a person with a winning personality died near an Adventist school, Elk Opeka, California and great intelligence, I will impact my Point Industrial School, in southeastern graduate students or parishioners just as South Dakota, about the time my grand- Perils of Alcohol (cont.) easily. Because a person is 28 years old father was a student there. For some There are inherent dangers associated is no guarantee his or her "value system reason unknown to me, he was buried with alcohol, true—but Coca-Cola as a is firmly in place." in Sioux Falls. His grave marker is a gateway drug to champagne drinking? Clarence Dunbebin large red boulder, with only part of one Not all bubbles are created equal. To Associate Superintendent of Schools face polished. It contains Himes's select one wine maker's marketing the- Potomac Conference of SDAs

2 (978) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 22, 1994

ADVENT'S 1

SEPTEMBER 22. 1994

DEPARTMENTS ARTICLES

2 Letters COVER STORY

6 Newsbreak 8 Leaders for These Times In this interview, General Conference president Robert S. 15 Children's Corner Folkenberg outlines what he sees as essentials for Adventist leadership in the 1990s. Check it out. Because we're all lead- 15 The Way It Was ing someone. by William G. Johnsson 18 World Report THEOLOGY 22 Bulletin Board 10 Adventists and Other Christians-2 12 Think young! What is genuine Adventism? Is it what we believe? How we 23 Reflections live? What we eat? What we wear? How we worship? All of the above? by Robert McIver EDITORIALS LIFESTYLE 4 God of the 12 Six Ways to Bring Children Into Your Life Unlikely You don't need children in your life. Or do you? by R. Casey 5 Two Images of Christ STORY 16 Preserved for a Purpose It's not often we can tell for sure that we've been spared from NEXT WEEK death. But what does it mean when it happens? 16 Why am I here? "The Church in by Daniel B. Grisier China" For decades WORLD REPORT the only reports about the Adventist Church 18 Project 66 in China were "unoffi- God isn't dead. In fact, He's leading out in a modern transla- cial." Now the tion of the Bible in Russia. by J. R. Spangler Adventist Review goes "on the record."

Cover illustration by Randy South

General paper of the Marketing Representative manuscripts. Manuscripts must include English Bible. The Delegates of the Oxford Seventh-day Adventist Church Ginger Char,-J- address. telephone number, and Social Security Subscription queries and changes University Press and the Syndics of the number, where available. Notification of rejec- of address: Call toll-free 1-800-456- Cambridge University Press 1961, 1970. Editor William G. Johnsson Consulting Editors: Robed S. Folkenberg, tion may be evected only it accompanied by a 3991 or 301-791-7000, ext. 2436. Reprinted by permission. Tecds credited to NW Associate Editor Roy Adams Matthew Bediako, D. F. Gilbert, Robert J. stamped, self-addressed envelope. Address all are from the Holy Bible, New International Associate Editor Myron K. Widmer Koostertuis, A C. McClure, Kenneth J. Mdtleider, editorial correspondence to 12501 Old The Adventist Review (ISSN 0161-1119) Version. Copyright ©1973, 1978, 1984, News Editor Carlos Medley Leo Panzolin, Calvin B. Rock G. Ralph Thcapson Columbia Pike, Silver Spring, MD 20934-6600. is published 40 times a year, each International Bible Society. Used by permission Assistant Editor Stephen Chavez Special Contributors: Bryan Ball, M. E. Editorial office fax number: (301) 680-6638. Thursday except the first Thursday of of Zondervan Bible Publishers. Bible texts cred- Assistant Editor Kit Watts Cherian, P. D. Chun, Israel Leito, Edwin each month. Copyright © 1994 Review ited to RSV are from the Revised Standard Editorial Assistant Ella Rydzewski Ludescher, J. J. Nortey, Jan Paulsen, L D. Subscript's* prices: US$36.97 for 40 and Herald° Publishing Association, 55 Version of the Bible, copyright @ 1946, 1952, Administrative Secretary Ch 'Ira Barnabas Raelly. Ted N C. Wilson. Joao Wolff issues. US$48.97 for 52 issues. Add $10.20 West Oak Ridge Drive, Hagerstown, 1971, by the Division of Christian Education of Editorial Secretaries Jednaszewski African-Indian Ocean Editions Editor, postage for addresses outside North America Maryland 21740. Second-class postage the National Council of the Churches of Christ • .,--queira Japheth Agboka To place your order, send your name, paid at Hagerstown, Maryland 21740. in the USA Used by permission. Art Director Bill Kirstein Inter-American Edition Editor, Adalgiza address, and payment to your local Adventist Postmaster: send address changes to Designer Steve Trapero Archbold Book Center or Adventist Review Subscription Adventist Review, 55 West Oak Ridge Design Assistant Geri W. Busch South American Editions Editor, R. S. Desk, Box 1119. Hagerstown, MD 21741. Drive, Hagerstown, MD 21740. Ad Sales '.'r • Aley Lessor, Portuguese; editor, Millet Mayr, Spanish Single copy, US$2.25. Prices subject to change Subscriber Services Larry Burtnett To Writers: We welcome unsolicited without notice. Texts credited to NEB are from The New Vol. 171, No. 38.

ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 22,1994 (979) 3 EDITORIAL

God of the Unlikely

n the summer of 1986 I peered down moter for the Second Advent, I'd have down neighborhood, the noisy traffic, Ian overgrown lane leading to a dilap- gone on to Boston. and the tavern sign—and into the past. idated farm set back in the woods. Could this be the place? of many miles from a scenic light- A Whisper Four other cars soon turned onto the Nhouse that George Washington Some say Ellen came to the prayer leafy, untraveled road. Yes, Jim Nix commissioned for the rocky coast of band in a wheelchair. Certainly she was said, this was the place. He was leading Maine is a narrow frame building. The sick, breathing with great difficulty, a group from the Association of God who stopped at William Miller's sometimes coughing blood. Her voice Seventh-day Adventist Librarians had diminished to a whisper. Like the (ASDAL) on a brief denominational If I had been God others, her faith trembled. history tour in New England. Five girls knelt together in their Just a stone's throw from Vermont, upper room and prayed for light. The the farmhouse is perched on a long hill in search of a promoter names of Elizabeth and Ellen's three at the edge of New York. It still stands, friends have been lost in the mists of as it did more than 180 years ago, amid time. But in response to the petitions of a towering grove of maple trees. for the Second Advent, this obscure prayer band, God spoke. Once a stubborn padlock gave in to Just as Jesus had sought out Mary Jim's persuasion, about 30 of us filed when she wept over the empty tomb through a back entry into the empty, I'd have gone on after the Crucifixion, so God sought out dimly lit, musty-smelling house. (Our Ellen and gave her a message that would visit was long before Pathfinders and resurrect hope and send her on a mission other enthusiasts refurbished the to Boston. to all those broken and doubting. place.) If I had been God in search of a prophet, a messenger, a comforter for Musty Study farm in Low Hampton also came to the my people, I'd have skipped the By crowding a little, we fit into a room corner of Ocean and C streets in south teenagers' prayer band and the girl who that had been William Miller's study. Portland. could hardly be heard across the room. Here he had begun a methodical investi- One of Miller's preaching itineraries gation of the Bible in 1816. Two years brought him to Portland about 1840. nd so it was that by an overgrown later he believed he had figured out Among those who accepted his call to armhouse in the New York woods Daniel's 2300-day prophecy and that it get right with God and prepare for and beside a narrow frame building on a meant Christ would come in his lifetime. Jesus' imminent return were Mr. and street corner in south Portland I traced Miller was 36. Not until he was 49 did Mrs. Robert Harmon and their eight faintly the footprint of God—and recog- he offer to tell anybody what he knew. children, including one of the 12-year- nized that God's ways are not my ways. We stood elbow to elbow in this dark old twins, Ellen. The poor, the unimpressive, and the room where windows were boarded up When Christ did not appear as improbable are not outside God's provi- to prevent further vandalism. Even in expected on October 22, 1844, the dence. All of us who find it hard to act its prime the house and study would Millerites were shattered. Ellen turned upon our convictions, who struggle have been ordinary. 17 soon afterward. On a December when our lives make no sense, and who Miller, a farmer and veteran of the morning she went to the home of her search for the missing pieces in our War of 1812, was nobody special. He Advent friend Elizabeth Haines to pray faith have recourse. We may turn to the was in no hurry to share his findings. about their disappointment. Elizabeth God of our own Adventist history. And there weren't many to share them lived upstairs in the house on the corner The God of the unlikely is still a God with in this wild country far from towns of Ocean and C streets. who empowers. of any size. As we gazed at the windows on the If I had been God in search of a pro- second floor, we looked beyond the run- KIT WATTS

4 (980) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 22, 1994 EDITORIAL

Two Images of Christ

ve often wondered why the apostle philosophies permeated the Colossae One of Paul's first converts in 1..Paul paints two radically different residents, including some of the Philippi, Lydia, was an entrepreneur portraits of Jesus in his letters to the Christian believers. who sold purple, the most expensive of believers in Philippi and Colossae. Among the heresies in Colossae was dyes. Valued as highly as gold, purple In broad brushstrokes Paul paints a gnosticism, a system of false teaching was used to pay tribute (taxes or fees) celestial image of Jesus in Colossians 1, that advocated knowledge as the way to and for international trade. Some schol- calling Him the firstborn of Creation, salvation. This had a disruptive effect ars say the prestigious city had power- the Creator of all things, the Sustainer on the congregation. Some believers ful, prosperous, and proud citizens who of the universe, Maker of heaven and also worshiped angels, who supposedly were ambitious and status-conscious.' earth, and the sole physical expression operated as mediators between man and In his letter Paul wanted to tell the of God (verses 15-20). God. Philippians that the essence of true As such, Christ becomes the ruler Along with these heresies, the Christianity is found in humility. The over all the competing power networks. Colossians also contended with prestige and honor they had achieved He controls governments and rulers, the Judaizers, who tried to force early counted for nothing in the heavenly cartels and syndicates, and the juntas Christians from non-Jewish back- courts above. and clans. Paul also says Christ is the He says, "Let nothing be done head and central focus of the church. Christ controls through selfish ambition or conceit, but He is the life force and vigor of the in lowliness of mind let each esteem church, the sole avenue through which others better than himself. Let each of heaven and earth become reconciled. all competing you look out not only for his own inter- In Philippians 2, Paul portrays Christ ests, but also for the interests of others" as the humble servant, a model of (Phil. 2:3, 4, NKJV). downward mobility who displays lead- power networks. We as Christians can learn much ership by example. from these two portraits of Christ. They Christ "made Himself of no reputa- embody the essential elements of the tion, taking the form of a servant, and gospel. The Creator of the universe, the coming in the likeness of men. And grounds to adopt Jewish customs as a Giver of life, would humble Himself being found in appearance as a man, He condition of salvation. Judaizers also and die to become our personal humbled Himself and became obedient plagued the church in Galatia. Saviour. to the point of death, even the death of To address the Colossians, it was Christ put the needs of others above the cross" (verses 7, 8, NKJV). essential for Paul to convey Christ's His own concerns. How much more Jesus surrenders His powers on divine position as Creator of the uni- should His disciples model His compas- behalf of the powerless. He dies so that verse. Christ alone is the ultimate sion, spread His love, and share the sinners might live. power of the cosmos. He alone is the hope of the gospel with those who have central conduit to salvation, not knowl- no hope. Diverse Audiences edge, angels, or Jewish tradition. Only when the servants of Christ cast Perhaps one reason for the distinctive Unlike Colossae, Philippi brought a off self and start serving others will portraits is found in the divergent con- different challenge to Paul. Named after they enjoy a full relationship with gregations of Colossae and Philippi. Philip II, the father of Alexander the Christ, walking in His footsteps and Colossae, a Roman city in Asia Great, Philippi was located in eastern joining in His suffering. Minor, had been an industrial center Macedonia. The town later became a ' The SDA Bible Dictionary, p. 877. famous for textiles. In the time of Roman military colony. The gold and 2 The Word in Life Study Bible (Nashville: Thomas Christ the city was in decline. With the silver in the neighboring mountains of Nelson, 1993), p. 681. spread of Hellenism, a style of Greek the Pangaeus ridge gave the town culture that followed the conquests of importance. The commerce brought Alexander the Great, many mystical wealth to many Philippians.' CARLOS MEDLEY

ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 22, 1994 .981 5 NEWSBREAK

NORTH AMERICA sons in the South Philippine Oakwood College Students Union territory, there was Philadelphia Civic Leader only a handful of church Visits GC. Philadelphia City Evangelize Washington, D.C. members among the 6 mil- Council president John F. lion Muslims in the area as 19-year-old students from Oakwood College in Alabama Street, a graduate of Advent- of 1990, says Robert S. to the streets of Washington, D.C., to spread the gospel ist-owned TM Folkenberg, General message this summer. The team knocked on doors, helped con- Oakwood Conference president. duct a Vacation Bible School, and spoke for a tent revival on the College, vis- But now, as a result of city's south side, all with the sponsorship of the nearby Hadley ited the evangelistic outreaches to Community Seventh-day Adventist Church and its pastor General that Muslim population, Joseph Hutchinson. Confer- more than 200 new To build interest, Robert Davis, who was returning to his ence on Adventist members come John Street hometown, along with Raphael Soriano and Joseph Footman, August 26. from an Islamic background, visited 800 homes, with 180 residents requesting Bible stud- Street met with a North Folkenberg says. ies. During the meetings the students and 25 volunteers from American Division taskforce three area Adventist churches provided a Vacation Bible that is developing plans for New Church Planted in School, afternoon child-care program, and a family life series. an Adventist health initiative Southern India. As a result At the end of the meetings 29 persons, including 17 youth, throughout the division. of the work of two Spicer joined the Adventist Church, says Audrey Davis, mother of The proposed Adventist College students, the city of one of the young evangelists and personal ministries leader Health Network aims to Pollachi in southern India for the Hadley church. assist local churches to pro- has a new Adventist congre- vide health services for their gation. The students, Giftson communities. Philadelphia pleted in 10 months. pathology and anatomy at Chandran and Immanuel has been chosen as a pilot the LLU School of Medi- Dorairaj, presented health site for the project, says To New Positions. cine, was recently elected Benjamin C. Maxson, min- programs and invited people DeWitt Williams, North dean of the School of to study the Bible over a American Division health isterial secretary and stew- Medicine and vice president two-year period. Though the and temperance director and ardship and development for clinical faculty. Dr. Bull students encountered resis- chairperson of the newly director for the Upper replaces B. tance, 35 persons have been formed task force. Columbia Conference, Lyn Behrens, Part of the Thirteenth recently was elected as an who held that baptized and a new chapel dedicated recently. Sabbath Offering for the associate director for stew- interim post ardship in the General fourth quarter of 1995 has along with Conference Church ADRA, AHS to Rebuild been designated to help her position Ministries Department. Guinean Health Services. develop Adventist Health as LLU presi- Maxson replaces Charles Benjamin The government of Guinea Network centers in 10 major dent. Maxson has contracted with the cites in North America. J. Griffin, who recently became Greater New York Adventist Development and New Dining Hall Under Conference president. Relief Agency to help rebuild Construction at AUC. J. David Moorhead, health services in the West Construction on a new dining Loma Linda University African country. hall has begun at Atlantic Medical Center senior vice The largest part of the pro- Union College in South president for children's ser- ject calls for the Advent- Lancaster, Massachusetts. vices, was elected president David Moorhead ist Health System/Sunbelt to Financing for the $2.5 of the Medical Center, effec- provide technical and man- million Chan Shun Dining tive January 1995. Dr. agement assistance to improve Commons was provided by Moorhead replaces David B. WORLD CHURCH the physical plant and provide donations from alumni and Hinshaw, Sr., who is retiring patient-care and management friends, says Jocelyn Fay. from all administrative posi- Breakthrough Among training for the 600-bed college public relations tions after 40 years of ser- Philippine Muslims. Ben Donka Hospital in Conakry. director. The 17,000-square- vice to the university. though there is one "Ultimately the plan is to foot building should be com- Brian S. Bull, director of Adventist for every 65 per- give citizens of Guinea

6 (982) ADVENTIST REVIEW. SEPTEMBER 22. 1994 NEWSBREAK

access to improved diagnos- Report ranked the laboratory well the theme of the 1995 Old Columbia Pike, Silver tic and treatment," says Jane as best in Australia and General Conference session, Spring, Maryland 20904- Allen, AHS/Sunbelt director eighth worldwide. `United in Christ,— says 6600. Specify the number of corporate communications. Richard 0. Stenbakken, of meal tickets needed. "Donka Hospital will be At 85, Japanese LE Music Committee chairper- You must have a meal developed as a major referral Continues an Active son and director of ticket to get a Sabbath hospital in the republic." Ministry. Born in 1909 in Adventist Chaplaincy lunch. There are no Adventist Japan, Komura Udaka con- Ministries, based at the churches in Guinea, though a tinues to lead an active liter- North American Division. Correction. Earl J. Parch- small number of recently ature "It is our hope that unites us ment, the Caribbean pastor baptized church members evange- across ethnic and geographic who helped pioneer the gather regularly for services. lism barriers." Adventist work among the ministry West Indian communities in New School Building that she FOR YOUR INTEREST Montreal and Toronto, Dedicated in Southern started Canada, died on May 16 in Brazil. Civic leaders and nearly Sesquicentennial Orlando, Florida—not his Adventist officials partici- 40 years Commemoration Set. You son Orville Parchment, as pated in the grand opening ago, are invited to the Hope Is printed in the August 18 of the new home of Don Komura Udaka says Alive weekend at the Newsbreak. Pedro II Elementary Sakari Orihara, publishing William Miller homestead ALSO IN THE NEWS Adventist School in Esteio, director for the Japan Union. near Whitehall, New York, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. In 1993 Udaka visited October 20-23. The week- The four-story structure 1,787 homes and introduced end commemorates 150 Half of U.S. Public has 23 classrooms, adminis- Adventist books and maga- years of God's leading in the Abandons Family's Religion. trative offices, library, audio- zines to people. She sold 602 Adventist Church. In years past, church affilia- visual areas, a 450-seat books and 469 copies of The weekend will close tion was passed down from auditorium, and an artesian Signs of the Times. She dis- Sunday afternoon with a generation to generation like well, says Revista Adventista. tributed 2,587 tracts, offered commemoration service at a family heirloom, but as the The opening of the new prayers in 137 homes, and the Hiram Edson farm near twenty-first century looms building culminated a three- gave 69 Bible studies. She Port Gibson, New York. The closer, fewer than one of year building program at the has seen 19 persons join the farm site is where the under- every two North Americans school. Adventist Church as a direct standing of the cleansing of cling to the denomination of result of her ministry. the heavenly sanctuary was their parents, says Religious Hospital Laboratory Is first revealed. A rebuilt barn News Service. Among World's Best. The GC Session Theme Song from the Edson family will According to the recent pathology laboratory at Selected. The General be dedicated. study, "The Presbyterian Sydney Adventist Hospital Conference Music Com- To obtain an information Presence: The Twentieth- in Australia ranks among the mittee has selected the hymn packet with hotel listings, Century Experience," only world's best, according to "We Have This Hope!" as program, schedule, map, 43 percent of the United two quality control surveys. the theme song for the 1995 and free tickets for Sabbath States public remain in the The American College of General Conference session lunch, write to 1844-1994, religious body they were Pathologists survey placed in Utrecht, Netherlands. Adventist Review, 12501 born into. the lab first among all Although more than 250 Australian hospitals and in songs were submitted by CHURCH CALENDAR the top 1 percent worldwide individuals around the for "Urgent Result Turn- world, the selection commit- Sept. 24 Pathfinder Day Around Time," says Peter tee felt the hymn, originally Sept. 24 Thirteenth Sabbath Offering for the Trans- Weeks, hospital public rela- written for the 1962 GC ses- European Division tions director. sion by Wayne Hooper (and Sept. 30 New England Celebration of Recovery retreat (for The Murex External used for the 1966 and 1975 recovering alcoholics, drug users, and their fami- Quality Control Audit for sessions), is the best hymn lies) begins at New England Memorial Hospital in Therapeutic Drug for the session. Stoneham, Massachusetts, (617) 279-1007. Monitoring, End of Cycle "This hymn expresses Oct. 1 Health Emphasis Week begins

ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 22.1994 (983) 7

COVER STORY Leaders for These 'Times General Conference president Robert S. Folkenberg discusses Adventist leadership with the Adventist Review editor.

BY WILLIAM G. JOHNSSON

ohnsson: What do you see mark of selflessness that Christ expects church pastor or other leader who sets as the primary role of to see in His extended family. limits or calls "sin by its right name." Adventist leaders in the At this time we are doing fairly well The mission of the church will increas- final years of this century? caring for ourselves and our needs, but ingly demand this type of leadership. Folkenberg: I do not see not as well in our attention to those So far as outcomes are concerned, a single role, but a variety who have not heard the message of the doing things "because we have always of emphases that must be three angels of Revelation in the vast done them that way"—whether in organi- kept in focus. The loss of reaches of the world where we have zational structure and/or staffmg, institu- Jany one would have serious, negative few if any believers. tional operations, training, or worship effects on the church. styles (which already vary dramatically These emphases must begin with a Explain what you mean by a focus around the world)—is a justification focus on our message. If we forget the on unity and a focus on outcomes. whose days are numbered. This must be gospel message God has given us to pro- Leadership must identify core values balanced, on the other hand, against the claim, with its judgment-hour urgency, and fundamental beliefs, and protect anarchist who wants to make change for we are like the spinning tire, with great them against compromise in an era in its own sake, regardless of its outcome. motion but no movement. Thus a con- which individualism is carried to Both common sense and propriety stant emphasis on our core values and destructive excess. This identifying landmarks is a must. calls for a willingness to speak up and affirm What other emphases should char- that which contributes acterize leaders for these times? to our message and Three others—a focus on mission, a mission (which we do focus on unity, and a focus on out- fairly well); but it also comes. Mission is basic because at the calls for speaking out heart of our relationship to Christ is the individually and collec- need to respond to His sacrifice by sub- tively against forces mitting our wills to Him in order that that disrupt, divide, and He can, as the song says, live out His ultimately destroy life within us. He demonstrates His (which we don't do presence in our life by living in us the well). A society that type of utter unselfishness that led Him affirms individuality to sacrifice His life for us. So the evi- (even when it is dence of the transformed life of a destructive to others), Christian will be the demonstration that that rejects any author- we consider others and their needs ity as intrusive, and that more important than our own. The loves only that which gospel commission is not a mere sug- makes us "feel good" gestion, but a mandate, an identifying does not tolerate well a

8 (984) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 22, 1994 demand that every level of church and hazards Adventist leaders will face? discomfort and therefore an unwillingness organization and institution be evalu- There are many, but let me mention to confront, face-to-face, someone whose ated by its effectiveness, efficiency, just one. I believe one of the greatest conduct has offended them. It seems so and contribution to the church's mis- threats to organizational unity, and there- much easier to talk to someone else about sion. We frequently, and rather hypo- fore mission, will be ethnic balkanization it rather than the individual involved. critically, apply this standard to and tribalism, in which the desire for con- someone else's organization or struc- trol and "upward mobility" will subver- If you could push a button and ture. Instead, it should be applied from impart three or four new or better skills the local district that may have unnec- to Adventist leaders within the next two essarily competing primary schools in A society that affirms years, what skills would these be? close proximity to each other, to the First, the ability to see and act in congregation that is contemplating ren- advance on trends rather than wait for ovating its physical plant, all the way individuality does not the effect of those trends to become a to adding a staff member to the General crisis and when options are more limited Conference. We should hold ourselves and outcomes more painful. to the highest possible standard of out- tolerate well a leader Second, a willingness to call groups comes assessment. (church boards, conference committees, not just individuals) to a level of collec- How can trust be increased? who calls "sin by its tive sacrifice and mission-driven plan- Regular evaluation, accountability, ning rarely seen today. and better communication are the only readily apparent tools at our disposal to right name." How important do you believe lead- increase trust, which is an indispensable ership training is for Adventist leaders? commodity in the mission of the church. I believe God deserves the very best However, once lost, trust is extremely sively dominate the agenda. There is we can give Him. Thus developing our difficult to regain, regardless of any of increasing evidence of this trend in many, skills to the highest possible level is the above initiatives. if not most, parts of the world, including consistent with the gravity of the calling some places where it is least expected. He has laid on us. Is church leadership more difficult Maintaining unity under this type of pres- now than when you started? If so, why? sure will become increasingly difficult. What is your advice to new leaders? Yes. I began at a time and place Stay close to God. Spend time with where trust in leaders was in place, full You probably know more His Word in meditation and prayer. Be bidirectional accountability was Adventist leaders than any other per- faithful to the truth that has been expected, and measurable productivity son today. What qualities do you most entrusted to you. Be courageous and act was required. Thus organizational initia- appreciate about our church's lead- when He impresses you. tives were basically supported before ers? their implementation and evaluated after A leader who demon- their implementation. Today any initia- strates a close walk with tive that is seen as "top down" must first God and is sensitive in overcome a "kiss of death syndrome" to dealing with others but survive and be tested. In spite of this, who is willing to stand some do survive. A great example is the up and speak out when new Adventist Communication Net- decisions appear to con- work, with the Net '95 initiative. flict with the principles revealed in God's Word Are church members' expectations and the special counsel of leaders changing? we have been given in I don't think they are changing as the Spirit of Prophecy. much as we may think they are. I believe our members expect Spirit-filled What weaknesses leaders, with a keen vision and sense of have you observed direction, who demonstrate unswerving among leaders? confidence in our message and loyalty Leaders are not exempt to our mission. from the weaknesses all humans face. Probably As you look toward the year A.D. one of the most common 2000, what are the greatest challenges weaknesses is an inherent

ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 22,1994 (985) 9

THEOLOGY

SECOND IN A TWO-PART SERIES Adventists and Other Christians Will the real Seventh-day Adventists please stand up?

BY ROBERT McIVER

have just read through the 27 fun- pioneers incorporated into our denomi- practice, although how much depends damental beliefs. I find that I agree national name. But how far the core of on the member's position in the church. with 24 of them. Does this still beliefs extends is continuously debated. A minister or Bible teacher would be Imake me a Seventh-day Ad- In the early 1980s, for example, expected to have a higher conformity to ventist?" Desmond Ford asked the church whether the norms of belief and practice than a The question came from a leader at a the essential core of beliefs included church elder, who, in turn, would be youth rally I was attending, just after the 1844. Part of the vehemence of the expected to conform more closely than a Adventist Church came out with its lat- debate that ensued stems from the fact member who did not hold office. In est (1980) Statement of Fundamental that many perceived 1844 to be an essen- addition, from time to time some mat- Beliefs. None of the subsequent speak- tial part of the core of Adventist belief ters surface as key items of belief or ers attempted an answer to this youth and identity, and that viewpoint won the practice, and less divergence is allowed leader's question. But it is an important day when the matter was discussed at a in those areas. question and deserves an answer. special Bible conference at Glacier View, However, with divergence comes a What defines a Seventh-day Colorado, in August 1980. painful dissonance, often resolved by Adventist? Probably everybody would separating from the body. At what point answer this question in a slightly differ- How Broad Can We Get? this occurs differs with individuals and ent way. Most of us think in terms of What, then, is the answer to that with the communities with which they what we see as an inner core of beliefs youth leader's question? How many is worship. Members who abandon the that identify the church. Early Adventists enough? Is it like an exam—if you can doctrine of Creation, for example, feel appear to have focused on their under- assent to more than 50 percent of the such intolerable dissonance that most of standing of the heavenly sanctuary, their fundamentals, you pass? Or is it like them leave the church on their own. interest in the Sabbath, and their belief in walking a tightrope—one error and There are exceptions, though. I can the nonimmortality of the soul.* you're gone? still remember my shock on meeting the Certainly the core of Adventist belief In actual practice the expectations of first Seventh-day Adventist evolutionist. and practice would still include a regard church members vary. The church is I didn't think such a thing was possible, for the Sabbath and a belief in the soon apparently able to tolerate a certain but this individual had remained in the return of Jesus, the two elements the amount of divergence of belief and church. 10 (986) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 22, 1994 Since then I have met Adventist feels almost overwhelmed by the chaos ner toward them. In other words, I try to agnostics and Adventist existentialists, confronting us. Just when you think you keep my actions motivated by a as well as those who are just plain have worked it all out and that you Christlike love for their best good. "agin' the government"—church gov- know and like Adventism, new issues So what do I think is the essence of ernment, that is. Some individuals and problems crop up that threaten to being an Adventist? Yes, it has a signifi- appear to define themselves by their change everything. So I, for one, do not cant belief component, and this compo- total opposition to most of the beliefs welcome all the changes. nent relates to the 27 fundamental and administrative practices of the But on the other hand, there are some beliefs. Those who are most comfort- church but still think of themselves as changes that are welcome. We are better able as Adventists would find them- Adventists. These are extreme cases and informed about ourselves. We commu- selves in agreement with the 27. are met only rarely. But such members nicate our beliefs in more effective But this is not the entire picture. "in good and regular standing" illustrate ways. We are becoming more effective Loyalty to their Lord and to the commu- the point that beliefs alone do not make witnesses for our Lord by better adap- nity characterizes Adventists who an Adventist. In fact, there are many tion to our environment. remain with the church. They are loyal others who think the Adventist belief Some changes are unavoidable. to their Lord, or else they might become system is correct but who do not fellow- Increasing numbers means that it is no too discouraged at the all-too-human ship with the church. longer possible to have the close feeling institution they worship in. They are of identity with everybody else. This is loyal to their church because this will More Than Beliefs cause them to seek its best good, and Adventist identity is related to other How much divergence even if this brings them into vigorous things besides beliefs: networks of dialogue with their fellow believers at friends, a sense of belonging and identi- times, this will not cause them to cease fication, habitual association, and the must the church their fellowship. comfort of the familiar. All these play Perhaps this is best summed up by the their part. And the intense controversy word commitment. Adventists are com- of the past few years over worship illus- tolerate in its belief mitted to their Lord and to their church. trates that even matters of liturgy have a (series concluded) great impact on church identity. Until * Note the following statement by Ellen G. White: recent times the Seventh-day Adventist and practice? "One of the landmarks under this message [that growing Church enjoyed a worldwide uniformity out of the experience of 1844] was the temple of God, seen by His truth-loving people in heaven, and the ark of liturgy, one inherited from their containing the law of God. The light of the Sabbath of the Methodist and Congregationalist back- fourth commandment flashed its strong rays in the path- way of the transgressors of God's law. The nonunmortal- grounds. It was possible to go into any ity of the wicked is an old landmark. I can call to mind church and know that there would be a a sad loss. Mind you, there are corre- nothing more that can come under the head of the old landmarks. All this cry about changing the old landmarks welcome, a hymn, a prayer, an offering, sponding gains. There are more and is imaginary" (Counsels to Writers and Editors, pp. 30, perhaps a children's story, a second more people who share my particular 31). The masthead of the Review and Herald carried this hymn, a sermon, a final hymn, and a interests and backgrounds. comment between August 15 and December 19, 1854: benediction. This is no longer the case. What about diversity? Do I like what "Leading Doctrines Taught by the Review. The Bible, and the Bible alone, the rule of faith and duty. The law of New music and new forms of liturgical I find? Well, in some ways yes, but in God, as taught in the Old and New Testaments, expression are making their impact, to other ways no. I do like our increasing unchangeable. The personal Advent of Christ and the res- urrection of the just before the millennium. The earth the chagrin of many and the delight of openness to dialogue, and I have a deep restored to its Eden perfection and glory, the final inheri- others. conviction that open discussion of tance of the saints. Immortality alone through Christ, to be given to the saints at the resurrection." important issues is part of the essence of See also Robert W. Olson and Bert Haloviak, "Who What I Think About All This Adventism, going back to its first pio- Decides What Adventists Believe: A Chronological Survey of the Sources," unpublished paper, Ellen G. Do I like all the changes I see around neers. White Research Center, Cooranbong, Australia, E. G. me? How do I view our increasing That I would like to encourage. White Estate Document File 326-f. diversity? I do wonder, though, what is appro- Who is the real Seventh-day priate variation. Some take positions Adventist? The answer to this question that I think place them quite outside of has become increasingly complicated. It Adventism. Over time, however, I have also makes us all rather uneasy at times. observed that this is a somewhat self- The process of change is not always correcting situation, because such indi- Robert McIver is a welcome, and I personally do not wel- viduals themselves keenly feel their dif- professor of theology come all the changes happening in the ferences and often find it too painful to at Avondale College, church. Some of the familiar values are stay within the Adventist community. Cooranbong, Austra- changing almost before my eyes, and I Their pain is to be regretted, and I try to lia. am sad to see them go. At times one remind myself to act in a Christian man-

ADVENTIST REVIEW. SEPTEMBER 22. 1994 (987) 11 LIFESTYLE You may not become selfish, but they may avoid what they really need: involvement with children. They may spend less and less six time with friends and their children, ays be a parent, choosing rather to socialize with older °Bnng people or other childless couples. Men's Reaction to Childlessness but you don't Although being around children can be painful, the benefits often outweigh the disadvantages, especially for men. Children An article in Psychology Today brings have to be this to light. IntOyour In "Men Without Children," John Snarey, associate professor of ethics and human development at Emory Univer- childless. sity, summarizes a study done on 50 Life men who experienced infertility dur- ing their first marriage. BY R. CASEY Researchers found that the men handled their infertility in one of ohnny and Sarah sitting in a tree, six for which parenthood is an illusive three ways: K-I-S-S-I-N-G. dream? How do you live with childless- 63 percent focused their First comes love, then ness? attention on a nonhuman comes marriage. My husband and I were 34 years old object: house, car, or pet. JThen comes Sarah with before we decided to have children. But 25 percent involved a baby carriage." five years later, after two miscarriages themselves with other and two people's children. failed adop- 12 percent became pre- tions, we de- occupied with them- cided to end selves through "body- our quest and building, personal get on with health, or macho sex- our lives. It uality." was a difficult After follow- decision to ing their sub- make. jects from One of adolescence the first re- through midlife, the actions to researchers came up with childless- some interesting conclusions. ness is "If 1. Men who focused on themselves g we can't have were most likely to remain childless, to children, then end up getting a divorce, and to fail to we'll indulge achieve generativity.' ourselves." 2. Men who used object substitutes 0 Members of experienced some of the same problems, our infer- but to a much lesser degree than did the tility sup- self-centered men. port group 3. Most of the men who involved regularly themselves with the children of others It sounds so simple. Find the right announce their new acquisitions, lavish eventually had kids of their own (one person. Get married. Start a family. wardrobes, exotic vacations, and high- way or another), stayed happily mar- But what if you're a single still priced sports cars—all attempts to fill ried, and had a fulfilling, satisfying searching for Mr. or Ms. Right? Or what the emptiness they've felt in their failure adulthood.' if you are married but you and your to become parents. Involvement with children is important spouse are that one couple out of every Not only do the childless sometimes not only for men but also for women. For

12 (988) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 22, 1994 Decide which age level you enjoy WIDE the most—infants, toddlers, preteens, RLD WO or teenagers. Then offer to E work in the nursery, NY STON /TO

teach a Sabbath school H class, or help out at REISC

Vacation Bible School. EN RG JU 3. Join the Big Brother/ Big Sister program. With the growing number of absent fathers and working moth- ers, most communities are in need of adults who will share a few hours a week with lonely children. Make a date. Take a child out to lunch, a museum, a concert, or a zoo. Find out what he or she enjoys doing, then spend time together sharing that interest. Tutor. With the growing number of children suffering from learning disabil- ities, the one-on-one help you could offer would not only build your relation- ship with the child but also boost his or her school success (not to mention self- esteem). Show the child how to be of service. children Take a child along with you when you into your do something for others: shoveling snow life, here for a shut-in, picking up trash along the are some roadside, collecting money for various suggestions: charities, visiting a nursing home. k

1. Spend time with the chil- After two miscarriages dren in your neighborhood. Hire an extra pair and two failed of hands. Give chil- dren a chance to earn spending money by adoptions, we finding work that they can do around your married cou- house—mowing the lawn, decided we had to get ples and singles. cleaning the garage, wash- ing your car. Be sure to y husband and I have had to work along with them. on with our lives. Mreckon with the fact that children do Open your home. Invite young not seem to be part of God's plan for our sports fans (and their parents) to your lives. We feel that God has called us to home for a Super Bowl party or other minister to other people's children through televised sports events. 4. Make a job adjustment. our work as teachers in a junior academy. Coach a team. Sign up to coach a Look for positions in your present field Fortunately for us, kids are our life. softball, soccer, or baseball team during that would bring you in closer contact But many childless people have to the summer. with children. Or if you're ready to make work at getting involved with the next a career change, take a new job that would generation. If you would like to bring 2. Lend a hand at church. give you a chance to be around children.

ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 22, 1994 (989) 13 woodworking, sports, camping, etc.' 9 Write letters. Everyone loves mail. 6 Write to young people who are away at camp, spending the summer with one of S their parents, attending college, or serv- ing in the armed forces. And don't for- get to send birthday and get-well cards. Teach a skill. Do you have a special ability, interest, or hobby that you could share? Can you make bread, sew, refin- ish furniture, or teach photography? Offer to help out with Pathfinders or teach a vocational class at your local church school. Help a college student. After raising a child for 18 years, many families have little money left for a college edu- cation. Find a young person you believe in and offer to pay part of his or her college tuition.

6. Become a foster parent. Red tape and a shortage of available children have discouraged many cou- ples from beginning the long process of adoption. Becoming a foster parent can give you a chance to share your love with children who have been denied that basic human need. It has also proved, for some couples, to be a posi- tive avenue toward adoption. In many states, when the courts release a child for adoption, the foster parents are given the first chance to adopt the child. In addition, the normal adoption costs, which usually run in the thousands of dollars, are usually waived. If you are interested in this possibility, call your local social services department and ask about their policy.

lthough you may not be a parent, Ayou don't have to be childless. You 5. Spend more time with the chil- break by offering to keep their children can enjoy the companionship of children dren and young people who are for an evening. If you're brave, offer and at the same time make a big differ- already a part of your life—nieces and your services for a weekend. ence in their lives—and your own. nephews, your friends' children, and Be a "dad" to one of the fatherless ' Generativity is the term developmental psychologist the children in your church family. boys in your church. One of the most Erik Erikson used to describe the mentor type of relation- Attend their activities. Most children crucial needs in churches today is men ship that goes on between adults and the younger genera- tion. Erikson considered this involvement vital if one is to are involved in school programs, sports, who will act as positive role models for find fulfillment in life. and/or music. Show interest in what boys growing up in single-parent homes. John Snarey, "Men Without Children," Psychology Today, March 1988, pp. 61, 62. they are doing by attending events and Dr. James Dobson believes that the men Dr. James Dobson, Focus on the Family, Nov. 1989, watching them perform. Parents are in the church have a responsibility P. 9. expected to be in the audience. But toward the fatherless boys in the church when other adults come, children feel family. He encourages the men to spend extra special. time with the boys in various activities Baby-sit. Give parents a welcome men often enjoy, such as car repair, R. Casey is a pseudonym. 14 (990) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 22, 1994 row. Where did you leave it?' "The little girl replied, 'On a big rock in the field.' • "Mom said, 'Let's ask Jesus to keep Ifin4-1* your doll safe until we can go get it.' So they prayed as it rained. "You may wonder, Why pray for a doll? Why not buy another? Well, this The Forgotten Doll little girl had only one doll, and the fam- ily was poor. Besides, this doll was BY SARAH R. DEMERITT important to the little girl. "The next day they drove to Pine risten and her grandma curled up late afternoon there was a baptism in the Grove. They walked through the wet KKon Grandma's bed after watching lake. It was such a pretty sight that the grass to the rock. But as they got close the sun set behind the Blue Mountains little girl forgot about her doll. to the rock, the grass seemed dry. On of Australia. Grandma and Grandpa had "Soon they left for home. As the fam- the rock lay the doll safe and dry." just arrived from America. ily got out of the car, the little girl said, Kristen said, "Grandma, Jesus kept "Tell me a story, Grandma," Kristen `Oh, Mommy, I left my dolly at Pine the little girl's doll dry, didn't He?" said. As it is hard for grandmothers to Grove!' Mom knew it was too late to go "Yes," replied Grandma. "He turn down such requests, Grandma back for it. The camp would be dark, answered her prayer." Then she added, began, "Once there was a little girl who and raindrops were starting to fall. This "You know that little girl." had a doll. She asked her parents if she happened before plastic dolls, and the Kristen's eyes opened wide. "I do?" could take her doll to a meeting on body of the doll was made of sawdust. Grandma smiled, gave her a hug, and Sabbath, and they said yes. This meet- If it got wet, it would be ruined. said, "Yes, that was my doll, and I was ing at the church camp lasted all day. In "Mom said, 'We'll go back tomor- that little girl."

describing the fact that "many persons More Present have their minds deeply exercised respecting a supposed obligation to The Wag observe the seventh day."' None of the Truth Millerite leaders came out in favor of the \T\ It Was seventh-day Sabbath. But that didn't n addition to the predicted return of keep others from studying the topic as \ Reliving the Year Christ, at least three other topics that later they tried to bring their lives into confor- I 1844 became doctrines of the Seventh-day mity to God's will while anticipating Adventist Church were being discussed Christ's return. during the weeks prior to October 22, 1844. The third topic was baptism by immer- One was the state of the dead. As early as sion. Although many practiced this form 1841, a minister named George Storrs published An of baptism, others merely sprinkled. Again there seems to Enquiry: Are the Souls of the Wicked Immortal? outlining have been no consensus of opinion among Millerites as to his views on conditional immortality. In 1842 Storrs came which way was preferred, but this topic too came up for across his first Millerite lecturer. In time he himself discussion prior to October 22.3 became a Millerite preacher. Further Bible study by our pioneers after the Great On January 25, 1844, Charles Fitch, one of the promi- Disappointment convinced them of the correctness of all nent leaders of the movement, wrote to Storrs, "I am thor- three positions. And in time they were adopted by oughly converted to the Bible truth that 'the dead know Sabbathkeeping Adventists. not anything."' But Fitch was the only top leader to accept the view; William Miller, Joshua V. Himes, and ' The whole section on George Storrs and conditionalism is summarized from Josiah Litch never did. George Knight, Millennial Fever (1993), pp. 195-199. Millerite leaders hesitated to make too much of these Midnight Cry, Sept. 5, 1844, pp. 68, 69; Sept. 12, 1844, pp. 76, 77. ' Knight, p. 216. views. Apparently they did not want to create any division as they worked together to warn people about Christ's return.' Another topic was the seventh-day Sabbath. The By James R. Nix, associate secretary, Ellen G. White September 5 issue of the Midnight Cry carried an article Estate.

ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 22, 1994 (991) 15 STORY

I know there are some things I'm not supposed to know

But I can't help wondering why.

ere are some parts of the world where the closest you The customs officers checked everything and decided I was a come to facing death is entering the merge lane of a mercenary. The discussion that followed was brief, heated, and highway. The specter of dying may flit briefly through definitive. Two men grabbed me and shoved me against a tree. I your consciousness just before you eat another french stood with my hands over my head. As they pointed their kalish- fry or take another sip from your fast-food milk shake. nikovs (Russian-made automatic rifles) at me, I tried simultane- But in some parts of the world death is a reality that is never very ously to keep eye contact, pray, and watch their fingers as they far away. We don't always think about it; that wouldn't be healthy. squeezed the triggers. But death happens often enough, and close enough, so that many— I heard the click of metal against metal and hoped the end including me—have often pondered why God has preserved our would come instantly. lives through the many close calls, and what He might still have in But there was no explosion, no pain, no blood. Their hysterical mind for us. laughter was the first thing I noticed after I realized I wasn't dead

By the Skin of My Teeth n 1983 the government of Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso) had The first time I knew for certain that God wasn't through with me Ibeen overthrown by a coup. Revolution was spreading like can- was in 1978. Miles of swampy, muddy roads were behind me. A cer throughout the country. During the early stages chaos ruled as village and a real road heightened my anticipation about being different military factions fought for territory. home. The last obstacle was a border customs office. Military checkpoints were camouflaged. Rather than standing in The border between Senegal and Guinea-Bissau has seen many the open, soldiers shouted or fired shots into the air to get people to skirmishes over the years. Fach nation has accused the other of violat- stop. Failure to comply meant instant death. ing its sovereignty. Under ideal circumstances a border crossing was a Driving home through the dark streets of Ouagadougou wasn't tedious, frustrating process. And now it was late. easy. As my old car bumped and pitched from one pothole to A pile of empty beer cans outside the customs office told me it another, I saw a flash and heard a shot fired off to my left. had been a long, hot, boring afternoon. In my car were some maga- I stopped immediately. Soldiers ordered me out of my car and zines, books, Bibles, food for several days, and a small suitcase told me to put my hands on top of the car. Someone frisked me. I filled with clothes. told them I was a missionary. They told me that they thought I was

16 (992) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 22, 1994 I heard the click

of metal

against metal

I hoped the end BY an enemy patrol. They said a soldier had tried to shoot at me, but DANIEL B. his gun had jammed. I spent the night with them in their sandbag bunker, but I didn't sleep. GRISIER

Who Knows the Mind of God? would come Near the end of 1993 Gilsenberg Pereira de Araujo stepped into my office. He was full of energy. We talked about the future of Adventist World Radio in Africa. He had recently been appointed secretary of the Togo Mission Ministerial Association. On January 5, 1994, Araujo drove from Cotonou, Benin, to his new home in Lome, Togo. He had no breakdown, no blowout, no instantly. delay at the border, no harassment from the police. But suddenly that evening streets began emptying; people were shouting and fleeing in every direction. Bullets sizzled all around. Araujo was in the line of fire. He died in his car. He was 28 years old.

don't often think about death. But when I do, I have to wonder. II'm thankful—certainly. Sometimes I feel a little pride that my mission's not over. Daniel B. Grisier is But I know I'm no better than any number of people who have manager of Adventist lost their lives apparently "before their time." Yet I believe that World Radio-Africa. I'm here for a purpose. And the thought has crossed my mind that He works throughout I may be so far behind that God is once more waiting for me to western Africa and use the opportunities He's given me. lives in Cote d'Ivoire.

ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 22, 1994 (993) 17 WORLDREPORT

• RUSSIA Project 66 Adventists take the lead in producing a new translation of the Russian Bible.

nd on the seventh day God passed book of Romans has been printed sepa- revealed that he had relatives in Israel. Aaway." That's the way Genesis 2:2 rately and has been commended by the As he began corresponding with them, reads in the Russian language Bible. Russian Bible Society for its accuracy. they encouraged him to attend a rabbini- That's because since the last edition of Still the effort has been hampered by cal school in Kiev and prepare for more the Bible was revised in the mid-nine- the scarcity of Bible scholars in the for- formal rabbinical training in Israel. teenth century, the word "rest" has mer Soviet Union. Under Communist Even during a period of glasnost and come to mean being deceased. rule Protestant churches were forbidden perestroika someone studying religion In the Russian Bible, 2 Corinthians to operate seminaries. Even today there risked being recruited into the army. So 5:17 speaks of those in Christ as being are no university-trained Hebrew, Bolotnikov enrolled in Kiev University, new "animals." Again the word for Aramaic, or Greek scholars in the entire majoring in physics. Then every "creature" has changed meanings over country. (Kulakov is self-taught.) evening he'd go to the synagogue and the years to denote something subhu- study Judaism. man. Providence Provides As he studied at the synagogue These two examples represent other The very thought of producing an Bolotnikov learned about Jesus. His texts throughout the Russian Bible that entirely new translation of the Bible is study led him to conclude that Jesus was beg translation into modern Russian. nearly overwhelming at best. But God responsible for many of the problems And the Seventh-day Adventist Church, has ways of accomplishing His purposes that Jews had experienced since the first cooperating with agencies in the United that are so remarkable as to be unmis- century. After all, weren't Christians States and Russia, is working to make takably providential. most responsible for the anti-Semitism Bible truths more accessible to In early 1991 a young Russian Jews had experienced over the cen- Christians and nonbelievers in Russia attended a series of evangelistic meet- turies? And he could prove that even and the Ukraine. ings in Kiev. His attendance at the meet- though most Christians claimed to Aside from the literary necessity of a ings was the culmination of an observe the commandments, in the final new translation, there is also the theolog- incredible quest for personal and spiri- analysis they didn't really keep all the ical implications that come from using tual fulfillment. commandments. the present outdated translation. Because Alexander "Sasha" Bolotnikov was Staying in the same dormitory with a of the influence of Eastern Orthodox the- born into an atheistic family. Although group of Protestants gave Bolotnikov ology, God is often portrayed as a dicta- his heritage was Jewish, his grandpar- the opportunity to discuss some of his torial, unapproachable being. Even ents on both sides were prominent mem- conclusions. Their openness and friend- Christ cannot speak to God the Father bers of the Communist Party. liness made an impression on him. One with confidence, and humans can expect Bolotnikov was 17 years old before he of them, a Seventh-day Adventist, ate only condemnation from the unloving even heard about God. At the time he kosher food and kept the Sabbath! Deity portrayed in many passages. was denied admission to a prestigious Bolotnikov attended the Adventist For many years Mikhail P. Kulakov, Moscow university because of his Church one Sabbath. They seemed such former president of the Euro-Asia Jewish ethnic background. nice people. They were trying to keep Division, had a deep desire to produce a His plans for becoming a nuclear God's law, but they were so mistaken new translation of the Russian Bible. physicist aborted, Bolotnikov began to about the Messiah. Under his leadership the division estab- explore his Jewish heritage. For the first But in discussions with his new lished the Bible Translation Institute. time he heard the Creation story, and the friends, Bolotnikov discovered some Already Kulakov's translation of the seeds of faith were planted in his life. texts he had never noticed clearly: Studying his family's genealogy, he Isaiah 53, Micah 5, Daniel 9, and others. J. R. Spangler is a field representative discovered that his great-grandfather Further study in the original Hebrew for It Is Written. was a Hasidic rabbi. More research began to convict him of the correctness

18 (994) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 22, 1994 WORLDREPORT The cholesterol-reducing meat replacer, tested at the University of Toronto and now reported in the New England Journal of Medicine!'

of Christ's claims as the Messiah. conversation, "It was so simple. I Trying to learn more, Bolotnikov became a Seventh-day Adventist asked a Jewish rabbi to interpret these because I couldn't be anything else." chapters. The response was unequivo- cal: he must not ask questions about Back to the Bible these things, or even study them. Bolotnikov has joined the Bible Gamaliel, the high priest, had decreed Translation Institute to work with that any Jew trying to calculate the 490- Mikhail Kulakov in translating the Bible. year prophecy of Daniel 9 be excom- Bolotnikov's knowledge of Hebrew has Our 'Meats' Are municated—even executed! already made him a valuable member of For months Bolotnikov struggled the translation team. So Real Some with his questions and doubts. From the Bolotnikov and his wife, Ira, currently United States he heard that the Messiah attend Andrews University, where he is Vegetarians would reveal Himself before the end of working on a master's program in 1990. Bolotnikov vowed that when the advanced Hebrew and Aramaic. He is Won't Eat Them!. Messiah appeared, he would ask the translating part of the Old Testament as Since our introduction of Heartline Meatless Messiah Himself about the course he part of his thesis. Ira is studying Greek Meats in 1987, vegetarians around the world have should pursue. But the year ended with so as to work with the Bible Translation grown to love the look, taste, and texture of our animal-free meat replacement products. only disappointment for Bolotnikov. Institute when they complete their stud- Easy to use, Heartline cooks up in about 15 minutes to satisfy a wide range of dishes—and yet In early 1991 Bolotnikov attended ies in the summer of 1995. They will many of our customers eat right from the bag! It evangelistic meetings in Kiev. By this join a handful of other scholars working comes "pre-cooked" so no refrigeration is required! Heartline is made from pure defatted soy flour, time the conviction that Jesus was indeed to make the Bible more readable to the yet does not have the soy "after-taste" found in the true Messiah had almost entirely cap- many meat replacers. It's so delicious and fun to many searchers for truth in the former eat — why, eating is believing! tivated him. He began to consider him- Soviet Union. Best of all, Heartline offers so much good nutri- self a Christian, but now had to decide Project 66, the movement to produce tion! ✓ Lowers Cholesterol!* ✓ Low in Fat which church he would join. a Russian translation of the Bible, is ✓ 100% Vegetable Derived ✓ Low in calories At the conclusion of the meetings he being supported by the It Is Written tele- ✓ 100% Natural ✓ Higher in fiber approached the evangelist and asked for vision ministry and donors throughout Better Than TVP! advice. The evangelist responded by the world, who are working to raise the asking how he understood some key estimated $200,000 it will take to com- Check Your Local Distributor or Retailer Bible truths. Bolotnikov said of that plete the project. Heartline Meatless Meats have been available in health food stores throughout the U.S. and Canada. However, as a special introduction to the fine family of Lumen products, we have put to- gether a new Introductory Sampler we know you will enjoy. For just $19.95, we will send you five 8 oz. Heartline samples: Beef Fillet, Ground Beef, ■ MICHIGAN Canadian Bacon, Pepperoni, and Chicken Fillet. Each package makes about one pound of "meat." ■ In addition we will send you two 12 oz. packages of our delicious Heaven On Earth Milk Replacer Reach Out and Touch — enough to make one gallon of each: Regular and new Carob Flavor. ■ We'll also send you four 1.5 oz. samples of our incredible new vegetarian Unique outreach makes "long-distance" connections. snack, Stonewall's jerquee, along with our Whole Earth Vegetarian Catalogue with its "50 Reasons Why I'm A Vegetarian." ■ It's a great value for $19.95, and we'll even cover the shipping and lease pray for rain," she said. Holder then made several other calls handling! ■ So call today! The caller explained that she and as part of a fund-raising program for the 1 P r Lumen Foods her husband were farmers in Arizona. It Is Written television ministry. 409 Scott St., Dept. AR-994 Days without rain to break the hot, dry Beginning a. new telephone canvass Lake Charles, LA 70601 Yes, please rush me your Heartline Introductory Pack- weather threatened this year's corn and several moments later, Holder heard in age, priced at only $19.95. barley crops. Marian Holder, the opera- the background the sound of thunder Visa/MC/AmEx Personal Ck M.O. No. Exp. date tor at Adventist Information Ministry and rain. The person at the other end of Please alve (AIM), prayed a simple, fervent prayer the line commented on how welcome Name that if it was God's will, rain would the rain was, and so desperately needed. Address indeed fall on the area the woman was City State Zip That call completed, Holder compared Phone Orders: (800) 256-2253 • Inquiries Welcome! ■ Canadian Orders, Please Add $5.00 SM. • Call for free brochure on calling from. area codes of the two "rain" calls. They axulta of cholesterol redu=sts conducted st the Univ. of Toronto..j

ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 22, 1994 (995) 19 WORLDREPORT

to the people who else trying to get through. Returning call in response to to the AIM operator a moment later, appeals and offers the caller explained that the person on by radio, television, the other line was calling to rent the or literature. condo! Operator Mark Part of AIM's work is not only to Tshuma received a answer phones but also "to provide pledge of $100. As experiences whereby university students he concluded the can develop faith as they learn how to conversation, witness and minister to people," says Tshuma asked the Monte Sahlin, assistant to the president Lord to bless the for the North American Division and caller and meet her chairman of the AIM board of directors. special needs. Answered prayers for people with AIM operator. Bernadine Archer, receives phone calls, enters literature Within a few problems are always welcomed at AIM, requests into the computer. and prays with callers. weeks, the It Is but reports of changed lives are what were the same. Should she call the first Written television ministry received an truly reward the operators who work one back? unusual letter, which read in part, "I was there. A woman who called requesting Unable to contain her curiosity any very impressed with the young man who prayer for the conversion of her husband longer, Holder made the call. As she phoned me from Andrews University. He later reported that within two weeks the began to identify herself, the woman was so sincere and he prayed the most husband had asked to be baptized. interrupted her: "You wouldn't believe beautiful prayer over the phone. . . . This More than 30 agencies benefit from what's happening! We're having a is a very sad time in my life, and that the services of AIM. Besides answering wonderful rain!" prayer was like none I had ever heard. phones and entering requests for offers "I'm not surprised," the operator Please accept my gift of $500 for the work from media outreaches, operators have said. "We believed God's Word and in Eastern Europe." the unique opportunity of ministering to claimed His promises. And God keeps Another caller requested prayer for people through prayer. Not all answers His promises." employment. Her husband, a profes- are as dramatic as these, but AIM's sional in his mid-50s, had lost his job. experience is that God is faithful and He Person to Person Because of his age he had followed delights in answering those who put This is just one of many experiences numerous leads without success. The their faith in Him. in which God has given an immediate operator prayed for the family a..nd and direct answer to prayer offered on offered some encouraging words. Soon behalf of callers to AIM. "Every opera- afterward AIM received a letter with the Craig S. Willis is associate director of tor is instructed to conclude their call news that the man had been hired at a Adventist Information Ministry in by asking, 'Is there anything else we new job that included a higher salary and Berrien Springs, Michigan. can do for you today?"' says Robert better benefits than Moon, director of AIM. Often the his previous one. callers present requests that can be met During another by additional literature, a visit from a call, someone re- local church representative, or by sim- quested prayer for ply having a prayer with the caller. "It a tenant to rent a seems that God is at the switchboard," condominium. explained Dr. Moon, "linking the right Months had already operator and caller together." passed without re- The Adventist Information Ministry is sult. But after an the central telephone and special offer AIM staffer offered answering service for the Adventist prayer for God's Church in the United States and Canada. will to be done in Located on the Andrews University cam- the situation, call pus in Berrien Springs, Michigan, AIM waiting alerted the AIM chaplain, Eric Meyerpeter, answers Bible questions, counsels and prays employs university students to minister caller to someone with callers, and refers names to local congregations for follow-up.

20 (996) ADVENTIST REVIEW. SEPTEMBER 22, 1994 WORLDREPORT

• MARYLAND

"In many places it was laypeople who Global Mission Pioneers started the Adventist work, and it will be the laypeople who finish it," explains Mike Ryan, coordinator for Global Missions. New Program Ellen White said, "The work of God on this earth can never be finished until the men and women comprising our at is the church's greatest asset? basic, the implementation of the concept church membership rally to the work The kindergarten through univer- is fairly new. The North American and unite their efforts with those of min- sity educational system? How about the Division has been involved in this type of isters and church officers" (Testimonies, health-care system of hospitals and mission service for several years through vol. 9, p. 117). clinics that encircle the globe? Perhaps Adventist Resource Management The advantages of the Pioneers pro- it's the thousands of churches and Service. Since 1990 the Southern Asia gram include fewer expenses, division chapels that dot the landscape in most Division has sent out about 200 teams of ownership, lay participation, long-term of the countries of the world. workers (two people per team), the South contact with people, and an increased Early this summer Global Mission American Division plans to send out 200 number of believers: A win-win-win- coordinators from each of the church's teams this year, and the Far Eastern win-win situation. world divisions agreed that the church's Division's 1000 missionary movement greatest asset is the people who belong has a goal to train, send, and support Jackie Ordelheide Smith is coordinator to the churches, attend the schools, and 1,000 volunteers per year! for Global Mission Pioneers. operate the health-care institutions. With that in mind, the Global Mission coordinators voted unani- mously to adopt the Global Mission Pioneers program for the worldwide Seventh-day Adventist Church. This action is a response to current LessovalelysQ1,131Ater outreach trends within and without the Adventist Church that emphasize the I•liessevsestot Sect (YaGoldeaOlis‘ss• An Messengers on Golden in need to place people in outreach set- Virianiones explains the iinpovtance tings where traditional "missionary" • nd 011111"s of the tbsee ansels' inessag&---God! s last invitation to activities are impractical or unwel- GEES' a .THREE PN the mastiase siippet of the Lamb . come. The volunteers will become NGrtRS He also ytovidesOdat-tce etvoloageraent, ovviaoNN to members of the community, working, MESS 1 DEN ONE; GS al.a. living, and serving with those who insyisation, already live there. yvevasewedding fotTeceytion the Laob's avvechosrl cogcile to NN oil( Global Mission Pioneers features an effectivelynine withheaven sosyel tation 'alleging to the orientation that teaches volunteers how to give Bible studies, sell literature, the . conduct branch Sabbath schools, gar- NvollaV ape :VA vases. 't3S93.95, Ces6,13.00. den, teach the eight natural health reme- Review andillevaldbooABC. dies, as well as other creative outreach Ni/010 strategies that serve a community's is available"1400:165.695. at unique needs. The goal is to model 01105Call te.C.Ota&a° Vices do vtot. ioc..wae and tog ctostge accov331vg, to practical Christianity and establish new 1Gost Adventist congregations in previously alcten.cy ft‘Ictt.tatot unentered areas. Each of the world divisions plans to have a volunteer program of their own in place by 1995. Although the concept seems very

ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 22, 1994 (997) 21 BULLETINBOARD

Cherukattu Abraham Chacko, to serve as history Heinrich, of Portland, Oregon, left Portland May 12. To New Posts and education visiting professor, University of Eastern Cameron Jay Johnson, to serve as relief physician, Africa Baraton, Eldoret, Kenya, East Africa, and Mary Gimbie Hospital, Gimbie, Wollega, Ethiopia, of Corona, Adventist Volunteer Service Kutty Chacko, of Orlando, Florida, left December 31, California, left Madrid, Spain, May 2. Jennifer Capobres Almonte, to serve as English- 1993. David Robert Johnson, to serve as relief physician, music teacher, Central American Adventist Educational Geeta Liela Choppala, to serve as physician/general Gimbie Hospital, Wollega, Ethiopia, and Odette Johnson, Center, Chillan, Costa Rica, of Loma Linda, California, practice, Giffard Memorial Hospital, Andhra Pradesh, of Corona, California, left Los Angeles April 27. left Los Angeles April 23. India, of Salem, Oregon, left California September 1993. Helen Lim Kim, to serve as English-Bible teacher, Brian DeForrest Bilbrey, to serve as respiratory Cecilia Chung, to serve as English-Bible teacher, Korea SDA Language Institutes, Seoul, Korea, of therapist, Hongkong Adventist Hospital, Hong Kong, of Korea SDA Language Institutes, Seoul, Korea, of Camarillo, California, left Los Angeles April 19. Beaumont, California, left Los Angeles March 7. Carlstadt, New Jersey, left Detroit February 9. Rudy Ryan Kwiram, to serve as maintenance Alex Peter Bokovoy, to serve as consultant surgeon, Michael Lamar Collum, to serve in youth ministry, worker, Saipan Adventist Clinic, Saipan, Mariana Islands, Penang Adventist Hospital, Palau Pinang, Malaysia, and Tasmanian Conference, Hobart, Tasmania, of and Stephanie Frances Kwiram, of Abbotsford, British Sandra Ann Bokovoy, of Granbury, Texas, left Birmingham, Alabama, left Birmingham in March. Columbia, Canada, left Seattle March 17. Honolulu March 14. Franklin Norwood Crider, to serve as Candace Mi Kyong Kwon, to serve as English-Bible Karma Jennifer Boyer, to serve as physiotherapist, physician/tropical medicine, Phuket Adventist Hospital, teacher, Korea SDA Language Institutes, Seoul, Korea, Mission Health Promotion Center, Saraburi Province, Thailand, of Tillamook, Oregon, left Los Angeles April of Colton, California, left Los Angeles February 16. Thailand, of Tacoma, Washington, left Seattle January 10. Rebecca Lynn Lane, to serve as English teacher, 19. Paul Gordon Emerson, to serve as guest evangelist, ITS, Russia, of Lincoln, Nebraska, left Boston June 15. Elizabeth Alma Huffstickler Brooks, to serve as Far Eastern Division, of Ojai, California, left Los Angeles Benjamin J. Liebelt, to serve as guest evangelist, Far English teacher, Moscow English Language Institute, April 12. Eastern Division, and Ann Grace Liebelt, of Russia, of Falmouth, Virginia, left Falmouth December Harrison Leigh Fahrner, to serve as English Bible Longmount, Colorado, left Los Angeles April 25. 27, 1993. teacher, Korea SDA Language Institutes, Seoul, Korea, Vernon Chin Luthas, to serve as consultant physi- Gordon Edmund Bullock, to serve as evangelist, and Joyce Flora Belle Fahrner, of St. Marie, Montana, cian, Penang Adventist Hospital, Palau Pinang, Malaysia, West Indonesia Union Mission, Balik Papan, Indonesia, left Seattle February 20. and Elizabeth Luthas, of Dayton, Ohio, left San of Clovis, California, left Los Angeles April 10. Diane June Farenick, to serve as English teacher, Francisco March 14. Robert Castellanos, to serve as family practice Moscow English Language Institute, Russia, of Oshawa, Benjamin A. Martin, to serve as acting business man- physician, Guam SDA Clinic, Tamuning, Guam, Maria Ontario, Canada, left Boston June 16. ager, Adventist International Institute of Advanced Eugenia Castellanos, and two children, of Cortland, Carlton Uriah Forbes, to serve as English-Bible Studies, Metro Manila, Philippines, and Dollie 0. Martin, New York, left New York February 2. teacher, Korea SDA Language Institutes, Seoul, Korea, of of Avon Park, Florida, left Los Angeles April 24. Huntsville, Alabama, left Chicago April 19. Reginald Frances Mattison and Ellen Louise Lowell Preston Hargraves, to serve as evangelist, Mattison, to serve as host and hostess, Jerusalem Study Ukrainian Union, Kiev, Ukraine, Sandra Hargraves, and Centre Food Services, Israel, of Burtonsville, Maryland, two children, of Loveland, Colorado, left Atlanta January left Washington, D.C., February 23. 19. Lawrence Lee McNitt, to serve as business teacher, ADVENT'SI Arlett Lois Hartie, to serve as grade school teacher, Spicer Memorial College, Pune, India, and Margaret E. Maxwell Adventist Academy, Nairobi, Kenya, East R. McNitt, of Mount Pleasant, South Carolina, left Africa, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, left New York Washington, D.C., May 17. August 23, 1993. Cherie Michelle Michals, to serve as English-Bible Andrew Paul Haynal, to serve as visiting professor, teacher, Korea SDA Language Institutes, Seoul, Korea, of International Institute of Health, Philippine Union West Carrollton, Ohio, left Chicago April 19. College, Manila, Philippines, of Battle Ground, Josephine Meigide Midkiff, to serve as English Subscriber Services Washington, left Seattle May 7. teacher, Istanbul English Language Institute, Turkey, of Emanuel Pete Heinrich, to serve as optometrist, Beckley, West Virginia, left Washington, D.C., February CI Change of Address. Please allow Guam SDA Clinic, Tamuning, Guam, and Ruth Ann 22. 4-6 weeks. Attach label or copy address exactly as it appears on label.

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22 (998) ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 22. 1994 R EFL E C T IONS

Doesn't God Hear the First Time?

oesn't God hear the first time a person does not hear? What kind of faith is needed Dprays? Why did Elijah have to pray seven then? Jacob experienced this when he wres- times in order to get that cloud to rise over the tled with God. How few of us know how to do sea? Why do I have to pray repeatedly for that, to plead with God until every power is something that I firmly believe God wants for stretched. It is our opportunity to learn my family or for others in need? patience and persistence in prayer now, before When I restudy it, I see that Elijah didn't get Satan convinces us that there is no use to discouraged when God didn't answer after six wrestle with God. requests. He did persist in looking for a sign I found the key to this kind of prayer in the that God was listening to his prayer. Elijah book Christ's Object Lessons: "Often [God] kept asking. Ellen White comments that this Why do I have to delays to answer us in order to try our faith or kind of faith "connects us closely with Heaven, test the genuineness of our desire. Having and brings us strength for coping with the pow- asked according to His Word, we should ers of darkness. . . . Faith is an essential ele- pray repeatedly believe His promise and press our petitions ment of prevailing prayer."' with a determination that will not be denied. "God does not say, Ask once, and you shall What Asking Does for Us for things God receive. . . . Unwearyingly persist in prayer. Prevailing prayer. Is that what repeatedly The persistent asking brings the petitioner into pleading with God is? a more earnest attitude, and gives him an What about the story Jesus told the disciples already wants increased desire to receive the things for about a widow who wouldn't stop asking the which he asks."' judge for help?2 I believe this story illustrates God did hear Elijah the first time and the that we should never give up praying. The to do? sixth time. Persevering prayer isn't for God. judge was not like God; he did not care about It's for us. I need a living faith, a faith that the widow. He decided to help her just to get will ask more of the power of God. her to stop coming to him. I need to have far less confidence in what I How do I know that God doesn't have the can do and far more confidence in what God same attitude? I believe God's promise to can do. God longs to have me expect great Joshua is also for us: "So will I be with you; I things. And God wants me to understand the will not fail you or forsake you."' importance of persistent prayer. We have the example of Jesus in Our prayers do not fall on uncaring ears. Gethsemane pleading repeatedly with God. Let us trust God as we pray—persistently. Why did Jesus want the disciples to spend so much time in prayer? Didn't God hear them ' Prophets and Kings, p. 157. the first time? Luke 18:1-8. No doubt Peter, James, and John did pray Joshua 1:5, NEB. ' See The Desire of Ages, p. 688. while they heard Jesus' cries of suffering.' Page 145. They did not mean to stop interceding for Him, but they couldn't shake off the sleep. If they had kept on praying, pleading with God for strength, they would have received it. They didn't realize the importance of persistent Linda Schomburg is an edito- prayer. rial secretary in the Church Ministries Department at the uring our times of trouble, do we persist? General Conference. DAnd what of the times ahead when we may plead to God, though it seems that He BY LINDA SCHOMBURG

ADVENTIST REVIEW, SEPTEMBER 22, 1994 (999) 23 •

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