THE MEMORIAL FOUNDATION OF THE GERMANNA COLONIES IN VIRGINIA,

INCORPORATED THE FIRST DECADE 1956 - 1966

BY Charles Herbert Huffman, President

THE GERMANNA RECORD NUMBER NINE 1966

(Second Printing March, 1978) THE MEMORIAL FOUNDATION OF THE

GERMANNA COLONIES IN VIRGINIA,

INCORPORATED

THE FIRST DECADE 1956 - 1966

BY Charles Herbert Huffman, President

Twenty-nine Pictures and Maps

THE GERMANNA RECORD NUMBER NINE

Official Publication of the Memorial Foundation of the Ge1,manna Colonies, Inc.

Copyright, 1966 by Charles Herbert Huffman, President Second Printing, March 1978) Green Publishers, Inc. Orange, Virginia GEIUL-\!\'NA MARKER

1JeJicateJ

TO

THE UNDAUNTED FEW

WHO CHANGED THE OLD WORLD

FOR THE NEW."

AND TO

THOUSANDS OF THEIR DESCENDANTS WHO

TRACE THEIR ANCESTRY BACK TO GERMANNA

AND TO GERMANTO\i\TN IN VIRGINIA

Thi,- hiiah\\'a�· niarkt'r :-land" 1111 tlw :suut h sidt: ,,f l{,uule ;J ul tlw hrow of ilw hlutr 1war tlw l{npidan Riv<•r h1·idl,!'l'. 'rh,• ha11dsomc, marke1· was dl'sit:'tWd and (·011:stru<'led Ill :\Ir. J. B. ('111 Pl'Hler. Sr. in his hobhr workshop. CONTENTS PART I PAGES PREPARATION ...... 1-17 THE MEMORIAL FOUNDATION OF THE "I never heard that before." GERMANNA COLONIES, INC. Bombing Sortie. Demolition. Restoration. Letter of Greetings. St. Nicolai reconsecrated Letter returned to America as News Article THE FIRST DECADE Dormant interest reawakened Appointment prearranged: Grand Central Station, New York 1956 - 1966 The stranger in gray top coat and gray hat COUNT-DOWN ...... 17-19 Informal conference. Monticello Hotel Lobby PART I A generous stipend and specific directives advanced Pages A new concept of the Germanna-Siegen story Germanna visited. Homeward bound. The LIFT-OFF ...... 19-28 The Options sought: Site of the "Enchanted Castle" and Blockhouse Fort The Preliminary conferences. Temporary organization formed The Orbit ·"What's in a name?" One considered. Unanimously approved ...... 80-84; 108 Purpose and objectives formulated The Re-Entry Charter applied for Trustees named. Officially approved. GERMANNA REVIVED ORBIT ...... 28-79 Constitution drawn up. Adopted. A Non-Profit Organization Much groundwork usually precedes any successful Tax exemption status applied for: Federal, State, and Local Real estate purchased. 270 acres of the original Germanna tract launching. Getting the Germanna Memorial Foundation off Survey of the tract by certified surveyor the launching pad has been no exception. A record of the Survey made and deed recorded , and Area christened "Siegen Forest" preparation, the lift-off the story of orbit through the Improvements: Markers, clearings, reforestation, pentagon, plaza first decade, 1956-1966, is the chief objective ·of this narra­ Annual Reunions. Objectives Germanna Reference Library tive. Germanna publications: Auspices of the Foundation. Contributions A guest attending our last reunion, July, 1965, ap­ The Germanna Record. Official publication. To date, Nos. 1-9. GERMANN A HIGHWAY. Culpeper to Fredericksburg. Official proached the writer and asked how we succeeded in getting petition. an organization, such as this one, started. \i\Then I began Accountant's first annual report. Receipts and Disbursements. responding to Mr. Ernst W. Flender. Discriminating philanthropist. to oblige by his request, he quickly interposed Membership rosters: Annual and Life. with, "Wait a minute, I want my wife to hear this!" And, "A Valued Appraisal" unsolicited. since this last reunion in July, one of our trustees and I RE-ENTRY Retrospect. Echoes of the "Undaunted few .." ..... 80-84 ;108 had occasion to refer to details incident to our early efforts PART II at organization. He remarked, as if in surprise, "I never Antecedent Episodes heard that before." I shall endeavor, therefore, to recount HANDS ACROSS THE SEA. The Muesen Tri-centennial ..... 1927 ost salient events and Actors in the Round-Up: Pfarrer Heider, Maj. Klien, Consul the m to relate such as have transpired Huddle, Sec'y of State Kellogg, President Coolidge, Gov. by reason of our common desire and our concerted efforts Byrd, Dr. Eckenrode, and !\fr.Horsley...... 85 to establish firmly The Memorial Foundation of the Ger­ COMING OF THE PIONEERS. Orange County Bi-centennial 1934 Temporary marker unveiled. Immigrants of 1714 memorialized manna Colonies in Virginia, Inc. His Excellency, Dr. Hans Luther, German Ambassador to the It is pertinent at the outset to announce that as in all United States, the honored guest speaker...... 100 PERMANENT MEMORIAL. Granite shaft unveiled and dedicated, like historical movements certain contributing factors, ante­ 1953 ...... 106 cedent to those of immediate concern, should be pointed out, CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS-THE GERMANNA COLONIES- acknowledged, and the extent and character of their involve­ 1714-1966 ...... _ ...... 110 ment explained. 5 6 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 7

Impetus, or "thrust," if we choose so to describe it, requested permission to quote excerpts from our article and stemmed from several sources - from three unrelated epi­ make use of the illustrations therein. The request was sodes of historical significance that had occurred previously. cheerfully granted, and his story soon followed, having made Although each incident of the series was a distinct unit in liberal use of the current information at his hand* form and purpose, yet they adhered closely, each to the Subsequent exchange of information, ideas, and views others, by the common bond of national origin. continued for some time, during the course of which Mr. These historical events were: 1) In 1927, the Muesen, Luck informed me that the Saint Nicolai church, wherein Germany Commemoration of three centuries of its history. many of the 1713-1714 immigrants were baptized, had been 2) In 1934, the Orange County Bi-Centennial Celebration of destroyed during World Viar II by our American bombers.** its establishment. 3) In 1953, the unveiling and dedi­ and that in the interim of ten years, the structure had been cation of the granite marker, erected at Germanna to the rebuilt and would, on December 16, 1954, be reconsecrated. memory of the first colony from Germany in 1714, and in "How suitable, fitting, and seemly it would be, he asserted honor of these pioneers. Each of these events was con­ warmly, "if you, the President of the organization, would cerned with the same subject matter as the others and was write a message of greeting to the Mother Church to be read motivated by the like desire of doing honor to the memory on this historic occasion!" The letter suggested was written, of distinguished ancestors. Later in this narrative these epi­ and the Greeting Message thus became an integral part of sodes will be dealt with and integrated into the whole. the order of consecration. The English was, perforce, trans­ lated into the German, and hence in the news-story as printed in the Siegener Zeitung, appeared as on page 9. A Chance Rendezvous *Mr. Luck's history alluded to was published in six installments, Shortly after the unveiling ceremony of the marker February to July, 1955, under the title, "Eisen, Erz und Abenteur," in UNSER WERK, Siegen. The Germanna Library has copies of these April 28, 1953, alluded to above, several expository articles interesting publications available for research purposes. describing the historical background of the event, including reproductions of photographs of the current scenes, were **Was it the decree of fate that our emigrants from Siegen should written and published. One of these news-articles, by chance, suffer vicariously from the destruction of their place of baptism, per­ reached Germany and the c1ity of Siegen, from whence many haps at the considered instance of their descendauts? of the pioneers had emigrated in 1713-1714. Again by chance, this journal came to the notice t'here of an author - a nove­ list and journalist of note, Mr. Alfred Luck, who, shortly prior, had been engaged to write the history of iron ore min­ ing and manufacturing - the chief industry for centuries of Siegen and environs. Our immigrants - to Colonial Virginia, by reason of the1ir superior training, industry, and skills prior to emigration, had been deeply 'involved in this vast indus­ trial complex, and consequently had made enduring contri­ butions to its development. This Mr. Luck, it seems, captivated by the possibilities inherent in our news-story of the marker incident, promptly initiated correspondence, and The interior of the Saint Nicolai Church after its com­ plete restoration, and consecration, December. 4, 1954. Ten years after the demolition, the ceremony of reconstruction took place. The letter of felicitation below was made a part Ruins of Saint Nicolai Church in Siegen, Germany, de­ of this joyous occasion. Presently a newspaper account of stroyed by bombs December 16, 1944. Only the tower the incident was sent to Mr. E. W. Flender, of New York remained standing. In this church many of the immigrants City. Soon thereafter the first steps were taken leading to who came to America in 1714 were baptized. For a picture the establishment of the Memorial Foundation of the Ger­ of this edifice prior to its destruction, see Wayland: "Ger­ manna Colonies. (For a more detailed account of this phase manna: Outpost of Adventure, 1714 to 1956," p. 66. of the story, see pages 10-17.

J ,;:S Zur Einweihung der Nikolalkirche 3m <;iauS.en fl vh,f#l. nt, «e,., vr•�'" I Ein Brief aus Amerika Zur �inweillung ctcT Nikolaikircllc am IG. Dczcmbc-r �ing ctcr cvani;t'lisdwn· Kird1C'ngcmcindc Sicgcn cin So wurde dc1· Raum, den der Gouverneur ihneri Brit'f

The Letter to Siegen Reaches New York City. It is evident from the above letter that, albeit a native 333 East 57th Street and reS'ident of Siegen throughout his youth, the writer had New York 22, N. Y. scant knowledge of our 18th century immigrants, and even less curiosity about them. The news-clipping forwarded by New York his sister to him made him aware of them, aroused his in­ Feb. 6, 1955. terest in them, and stimulated his concern for them, hence Dear Mr. Huffman, his quest for further information. It should be noted here that, prior to the Greetings Letter and the resulting news­ "My sister Hanna Flender of Siegen sent me a clipping incident, neither he nor I had been aware of the clipping from the Siegener Zeitung quoting your other's existence. His request for information therefore, letter of Dec. 4th to the evangelische Kirchenge­ was promptly and cheerfully complied with. The essential meinde Siegen. I had previously heard about a group parts of my response follow. of people from Siegen emigrating to Virginia, estab­ lishing in Fredericksburg the first iron foundry or "Dear Mr. Flender: February 8, 1955 blast furnace in America. The information given in your letter about the 13 families who arrived in Vir­ "Thank you for your letter of the 6th enqumng about ginia in 1714 was new to me. the colony from Siegen that came to America and Co­ "I am wondering what became of the Germanna lonial Virginia in 1714. I am glad to give you such settlement. Evidently the name no long.er exists as information as a brief letter will carry, assuring you at a going community. I also wonder whether the the same time that there ;is much interesting informa­ names of the first 13 families are known. The Vir­ tion that cannot be included here. I have been gather­ ginia telephone books which I consulted show few ing data for some time, and hope, at some future time, German names, but where they appear it is interest­ to write a small book on the subject. ing that they are very numerous and that the origi­ "Your reference to the clipping from Siegen concerning nal families have grown and r,emained in Virginia. the reconsecration of the Saint Nicolai church came A name which struck me was "Utz". It could have about in this manner. I have written several articles been "Utsch". Half of the population of Gosenbach, about the Siegen colony. One of these fell into the a village a few miles west of Siegen, a famous min­ hands of a Mr. Alfred Luck of Siegen. He wrote me ing center for centuries, bears this name. stating that he had been commissioned recently to write "Would you please tell me where the monument an art'icle tracing the iron industry of Siegen, which in honor of the first settlers from Nassau-Siegen is history, he asserted, should include the story of the 18th located? Some time in the spring I expect to be in century iron mining specialists w'ho came to America. Virginia (visiting my son Richard Flender, a law He asked for permission to quote from my article and student at Charlottesville) and I would like to take to use several pictures appearing therein. Permission a picture of it for the magazine issued by the Sieger­ was given. He told me also ab�ut the destruction of laender Heimatsverein. If this publication is not the Saint Nicolai church, except the tower, and said sent to you you will perhaps be interested in the last the restored one would be reconsecrated December 16, issue which I am mailing to you under separate 1954, and suggested that I write a letter of greeting to cover. be read on the occasion. The letter was written; hence "Very sincerely yours the clipping. Ernst Flender" 12 GER MANNA ME MORIAL FOUNDATION PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 13

"I am enclosing some information, which I trust will be My reply on March 22 conveyed to him the following of interest to you. The picture of the marker was made information: in the marble yard before removal to the site ....I note that your son is a student in the Law School of the "My reason for delay in answering your recent letter University of Virginia, and that yo·u expect to visit him was that I could not be sure of the exact time I might there later in the spring. Incidentally, I am a graduate have to spend in New York City. I think my schedule of the University, hence, when you come to visit your is now complete, at least to this extent. I expect to son, I might find it possible to accompany you to the arrive at the Penn. Stati·on Tuesday morning, April 5th site of the marker, should you wish it. When you have about 6 :30 ....On my return from Schenectady I shall had opportunity to study the enclosures, please let me arrive at the Grand Central Terminal about 9:30 p.m., have your reaction. If I can be of further service, do April 7th, and shall have an hour before transferring to let me know. Penn. Station. Perhaps if you are free we might meet "Sincerely, there. A line or two to let me know the exact time and place, and marks of personal identification, may be ad­ C. H.Huffman" visable in the meantime."

The Confrontation This "line or two" followed under date of March 31, 1955: Correspondence bearing significant information of much "I was away in Florida and upon my return I find your personal interest to both continued through the first months letter of the 22nd. I shall be delighted to spend an hour of the new year, 1955, but as yet there had been no meeting with you on April 7th. I suggest that we meet at the - no confrontation - but rather indulgence in a sort of Grand Central Terminal at about 9 :30 P.M. I shall be blindman's buff. Near the end ·of February the interested waiting for you at the information desk in the middle of Siegener wrote that if at any time I might be passing the main lobby. I will be wearing a light grey over­ through New York, he would like a meeting with me, even coat and a grey hat.* If this is agreeable to you. you if but a very brief one. About this time it happened I had do not have to write me again. I shall be waiting for been named a delegate to the College English Association you and we can drive over to Penn. Station together .... Institute to be held at Union College, Schenectady, New Sincerely yours, York, April 5th through the 7th, which information I passed E. Vv. Flender" along. Presently, the letter of March 6th appeared to be bringing an interview nearer. Correspondence relating to our common interests con­ tinued thruout the first weeks of the New Year, 1955. but "I shall be in New York April 4th," he wrote, "and as yet there had been no meeting, n.o confrontation, only would like to meet you if your time should permit. We a sort of Blind Man's Buff, so to speak. could meet at the Union League Club at Park Avenue Trains from Schenectady April 7th were running late. and 37th Street, only a few blocks south of Grand Cen­ tral Station where you will board the Schenectady train. *I had not the slightest idea ho"· many other strange men (to me) I do hope your time between trains will permit me to would be swarming about in the main lobby of the Grand Central make your acquaintance and have a chat with you." Terminal wearing grey top coats and grey hats. 14 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 15

I was tired and weary, and my baggage heavy. The main can arrange it I shall telephone you to see whether you lobby of the Grand Central Terminal seemed far from where are free for a short visit." I alighted. Finally I reached the main lobby, passed through the entrance gates and went directly to the elevated plat­ On May 30, 1955, I received a very ·important letter, the form where lockers were provided for the convenience of pertinent parts of which are reproduced below. passengers. After depositing my baggage, I moved to the front of this elevation and glanced down to try my luck at May 30, 1955. spotting the one man among the many who might be wear­ "Dear Mr. Huffman, ing a gray outfit. Few passengers remained in the lobby, but among these one in gray stood at the Information Desk. "The trip to Charlottesville is primarily made at the request of my wife. My son Dick, who is finish­ Presently, a tall, handsome gentleman, in becoming gray, ing his first year at Law School is leaving Davis walked briskly to the passenger entrance and peered intently down the long flight of stairs; turned sharply and returned Hall and has taken an apartment with 2 friends. My wife is anxious to see how he is living, and to the desk, and thumbed impatiently a train schedule folder. equally anxious to show my 16 years old daughter Stepping more briskly than before, he returned to the gate, peered down, but saw no one. "Now," I concluded, "it's the many historical points of interest in and near time to advance." Charlottesville. "I am mentioning this to you because I would "Is this Mr. Flanders," I stammered, timidly. not have the time to avail myself of your very kind "No," he confided, smiling at my confusion. "My name offer to take me to Germanna and Germantown. is Flender." Your offer is indeed a most generous one and I "And mine is Huffman - C. H. Huffman - who prom­ appreciate it no end. I may never have the oppor­ ised to meet you here." tunity again of such pleasant and expert guidance. "We'll go at once and have dinner," he replied promptly, "As we have to take a few things back to New and led the way. York I shall be driving to Charlottesville in my sta­ The two hours before my departure passed rapidly. The tion wagon, leaving New York on the 9th and arriv­ genial host, the good food, the informative, encouraging con­ ing in Charlottesville in the early afternoon of the versation - of special interest to me - assured me that I 10th. If agreeable to you I could drive up and see had been given the good fortune of intimate association with you in Harrisonburg in the late afternoon of the 10th a gentleman of distinction. The details of two high lights or the 11th, or meet you any place you may deter­ lingered in my memory: 1) My host's expressed desire to mine. visit the site where the N assau-Siegen immigrants had first "On my way to Charlottesville I had planned to been settled ·in 1714 and to see the marker erected there to take route 3 from Fredericksburg to Culpeper. Your their memory in 1953; and 2) my offer to accompany him map will show me the markers and the proposed and assist in this objective. picnic grounds, and I shall look around for any sign Shortly after my return home, I wrote again offering my of old Germanna. On my way back to Washington willingness to accompany him to the Germanna community I intend to go through Warrenton if route 29 will at his convenience and pleasure. On May 17th he replied: take me through the Germantown district. Your suggestions will be appreciated. "I expect to be in Charlottesville about June 10. If I "When I was in Germany, recently, my brother E :,:, PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 0 Ol 17 ..!:: � ·co•. � .... £ gave me a number of books and papers. The bio­ ...� 1l "' graphical details r.:!garding Henry Haeger are all :::, "' 'E � known. However, I am enclosing them, also a copy ... .?;, of Haeger's baptismal certificate and a copy of the ·;:; '§ wedding certificate of Haeger's father. You may £� have a place for these papers in your collection. 0�� ...... Please notice, the reference that "Haeger war der ir,' ... erste reformierte Pfarrer in Virginia". They should �,-4 E ·.;::: ' ,....._ have gone a little further and make it "U. S. A.". ... >. § "2 "The books referred to deal with the history of ,-, 0 � ... N assau-Siegen; being photostatic copies they are -� � difficult reading. � ig, "With best wishes, I remain, Ol� Ol � ...E ...... "Cordially yours, ... 0. "Ernst Flender" c.:, "O "O... � � ·en .+-,I The Count-down ·s;:"' � ...... The week of June 5-11, 1955, in Virginia, was marred 'g� ...... "' by continuous rainfall. Heavy, thick, gray fog hovered close - Ol � � to the land. and enveloped the Blue Ridge Mountains. In ui "' consequence, rather than have my host risk crossing over i� into the Valley, I traveled by public conveyance to Char­ £ lottesville. vVe arrived at the Monticello Hotel in the early -�� >. ,U-� afternoon at nearly the same hour. In mid-afternoon, son 0 � .!4... Richard having joined the family, we visited Monticello, � 0 ' :>, home of Thomas Jefferson, and other scenic points of his­ "O � and ...... tori·cal interest in t'he vicinity. Heavy rain continued, 5z dense fog continued to obscure the landscape. Our prefer­ 1i: .s ence, therefore, of the in-doors was fixed. The four members of the Flender family were my guests to dinner in the �.... 6 0 "'� Monticello Hotel. ...� ... -� After dinner, the family, guests of the hotel, retired. J:il� ...... Mr. Flender and I repaired to the hotel lobby and discussed ... 0 � .... freely present and future prospects for Germanna develop­ �>.� '> ment. No interest among descendants at this ,date was in ...... 0 "' evidence, and activity on the matter was static. Presently 0 .... p..�b - the climax of the evening's conversation was reached, and � with it the new concept of the Germanna-Siegen story u emerged. 18 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 19

"\i\Then I return home," he confided, "I shall send you a Stanley, Mr. Frank C. Switzer, and Mr. J. \i\T. \i\Tayland. check for one thousand dollars ($1,000), to be used as y ou Two gentlemen, not present, were recognized as much inter­ have need. I suggest that you contact, respectively, holders ested: Mr. J. B. Carpenter, of Culpeper, Virginia, and Mr. of such original, Germanna real estate as is desirable for us, E. W. Flender, of New York City. Following general dis­ sound them out on the possibility of an option, with the cusslion, and exchange of ideas, a temporary organization was view to purchase. Also, select the best attorney you know, formed with C. H. Huffman, president, B. L. Stanley, sec­ inform him that the establishment of a Foundation to the retary, and T. \i\T. Fishback, treasurer. To the name of the memory of our 18th century immigrants from Nassau Siegen organization first proposed, "The Memorial Foundation of is being contemplated, and enquire concerning his willing­ the Germanna Colonies," Mr. Fishback proposed adding the ness to direct the legal phases necessary to achieYe this phrase, "in1 Virginia." This was done, and the full name, end." "The Memorial Foundation of the Germanna Colonies in The personal check for $1,000 arrived in the mail June Virginia," was unanimously approved. The first meeting 21st. Without delay, I proceeded to carry out our bene­ adjourned about S o'clock, p.m. to convene again at the call factor's expressed wishes, and thus the first step leading to a of the President. permanent organization was taken. Two highly respected The next meeting of the organization was held January gentlemen, interested in the fascinating story of the German 21, 1956 for the purpose of giving attention to directives sub­ immigrants - Mr. J. B. Carpenter, Sr., of Culpeper, and mitted by the State Corporation Commission in formulating Dr. John \i\T. \i\Tayland, of Harrisonburg, were informed and our application for a charter, and for the purpose of dis­ their counsel sought. cussing such other items as appeared pertinent. On February Efforts to secure an option on the Spotswood site, where 8, 1956, the officers and trustees met in the law offices of the Governor's "Enchanted Mansion" and the stockade and attorney Aldhizer. \i\Tith his advice and counsel we formu­ blockhouse once stood, were unsuccessful. On January 3, lated and adopted the following Certificate of Incorporation 1956, holders of the deed to this real estate wrote: "\Ne have of The Memorial Foundation, to be submitted to the State decided not to sell at the present time." For subsequent Corporation Commission, requesting issuance of a Charter. negotiations concerning the acquisition of real estate, see The following Certificate of Application was approved page 30. by the trustees, February 8, 1956 and submitted to the Cor­ Meanwhile progress was being made on the matter of poration Commission. setting up the organization and of securing a charter. An attorney was engaged and his counsel sought. Broad out­ lines of our purpose and objectives were described. He then CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION informed me of certa·in necessary steps to be taken. First, a of temporary organization would be formed, consisting of at THE MEMORIAL FOUNDATION OF least five well-known and respected citizens of the commun­ THE GERMANNA COLONIES IN VIRGINIA, ity, whose names would be presented to the Court. If ap­ INCORPORATEI,) proved by the Court, the five would take oath to manage the affairs of the new organization for a period of one year. This THIS IS TO CERTIFY that we, the undersigned, do directive was promptly complied with, and the first meeting, hereby associate ourselves to establish an association, not or­ of a preliminary character, was called for January 7, 1956, ganized for profit, in which no capital stock is required or to convene at Madison College. The following persons were to be issued, under and by virtue of the laws of the Com­ present: Mr. T. \\T. Fishback, Mr. C. H. Hu ffman, Mr. B. L. monwealth of Virginia, for the purposes and under the cor- PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 21 20 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION

poration which might be taken by members having such vot­ a we do, by this our name hereinafter mentioned, nd porate ing power or by s tockholders and directors u nder any Section rati n, s forth as follows: Certificate of Incorpo o et MEM­ of Chapter 13 (Non-Stock Corporations) of the Code of Vir­ na of the corporation is to be THE I. The me l COL­ ginia, 1950, as amended. FOUNDATION OF THE GERMANNA ORIAL V. The names and residences of the trustees who are IN VIRGINIA, INCORPORATED. ONIES to manage the affairs of the corporation during the fast yea r the principal office r II. The name of the City whe ein of its existence are as follows: is Harrisonburg, Virginia, and in this State is to be located ra n is to be Post Office the post office address of the corpo tio TRUSTEE RESIDENCE r n a o Harrisonburg, Vi gi i . B x 786, T. Fishback a r r ation is formed W. 16 Gr ce St eet III. The purposes for which the co por Harrisonburg, Virginia a as follows : re C. H. Huffman ra n story of the sev- 271 G tta Street (1) To preserve and make known t he hii arr sonb r r nia a ns under t he patron­ H i u g, Vi gi Germanna Colonies, their oper tio eral B. L. Stanley 56 Cantrell Avenue s r esidence and activities a t a of Alexander Spotswood, hi ge Harrisonburg, Virginia in r a. r anna and in the surround g ,a e Ge m Frank C. Switzer 311 Paul Street r r a estate; to pub­ (2) To purchase, hold, and imp ove e l Harrisonburg, Virginia r relating to the field bulletins and other printed matte lish John W. Wayland 53 Weaver Avenue r reserve and disseminate o st and of a characte to p f intere Harrisonburg, Virginia u and to do any and all nformation for the general p blic, i J. B. Carpenter, Sr. 801 S. East Street an roper to accomplish r a cts which are necessary d p othe Culpeper, Virginia these purposes. E. W Flender 333 E. 57th Street nt or funds for the . (3) To establish an endowme fund New York, New York u n, and maintenance of any acquisition, restoration, perpet atio ur ration for its operating- p - n an a ss real estate acquired by the corpo A d the name, residence d post office ddre of the l poses. Presiden t of the corporation is: C. H. Huffman, 271 Grattan n s a be m anaged by IV. The affairs of the corporatio h ll Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia ; the name, residence and post i number of which shall be a r s a board of trustees, the max mum office dd e s of the Secretary of the corporation i s: B. L. r which shall be five. the an an a onb r n a fifteen and the min'imum numbe of St ley, 56 C trell Avenue, H rris u g, Virgi i . t b termined annually at he r o ra o a n exact number thereof shall e de VI. The pe iod f r the du tion of the corp r tio is rustees. annual meeting of the Board of T unlimited. r s shall be filled by the Vacancies on the board of t u tees VII. The amount of real e state to which the holdings stees if such vacan­ remaining members of the board of tru of the corporation are at any time to be l imited is one thous­ nin ays prior t o the date of cies should occur more than ety d and (1,000) acres. o rus s. If such vacan­ 8th the annual meeting of salid board f t tee V"1TNESS the following signattlres this day of r r to the annual cies should occur within ninety days p io February, 1956. t such vacancies s hall meeting of said board of trustees, hen /s/ T. V./. Fishback i ard of Trustees. be filled at the annual meeting of sa d Bo /s/ C. H. Huffman in the trustees, The entlire voting power shall be vested /s/ B. L. Stanley r n alf of the cor- who may take any lawful action for o o beh /s/ Frank C. Switzer /s/ John W. Wayland 22 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 23

STATE OF VIRGINIA Your attention is called to blanks and circulars prepared COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM, to-wit: by the Commission and enclosed herewith for the use of the I, Gene Fahnestock, a notary public in and for the Coun­ corporation, as specified below in paragraphs against which ty aforesaid, in the State of Virginia, whose commission is marked upon the margin the typewritten letter "X". expires on the 2nd day of September, 1957, hereby certify that T. W. Fishback, C. H. Huffman, B. L. Stanley, Frank C. Switzer, and J. W. Wayland, whose names are signed to the foregoing writing bearing date on the 8th day of Febru­ ary, 1956, have this day personally appeared before me in my said County and acknowledged the same. A blank for report pursuant to Sections 12-9, and 13-32 Given under my hand this 8th day of February, 1956. Code of Virginia, 1950, with the law printed upon the back /s/ Jean Fahnestock of the blank, requiring same to be made to the Commission Notary Public upon the organization of the corporation, and within thirty days after the time appointed for the election of officers and directors, annually thereafter. This report must be filed as NOTICE OF ISSUANCE OF CHARTER soon as the corporation is organized , whether the officers or COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA directors, as shown in the charter, are changed or not. Department of the STATE CORPORATION COMMISSION BY-LAWS City of Richmond March 14, 1956 -of- THE MEMORIAL FOUNDATION OF THE NOTICE OF ISSUING AND CERTIFICATION OF GERMANNA COLONIES IN VIRGINIA, Charter of The Memorial Foundation of the Germanna C:ol­ INCORPORATED onties in Virginia, Incorporated to be recorded in the office of the State Corporation Commission and where necessary ARTICLE I certified to the cl erk of the proper court for recording in his Name office. This organization shall be known as the Memorial Foun­ Papers covering the above specified application having dation of the Germanna Colonies in Virginia, Incorporated. been duly considered by the Commission, and being found A NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATION that all requirements of the law have been complied with, the Commission has th1is day ordered the same to be ad­ ARTICLE II mitted to record in this office. Purpose and Objecti�es Enclosed herewith you will find receipt of the State Corporation Commlission for charter fee (if any required Note: To conserve space in printing, Article XI only, on e n e this application). $5.00 for costs in this offic , a d r ­ which follows, is given here. A booklet of 10 pages, CON­ e e e e e cording fe . ,Alh re n c ssary to be r corded by a court STITUTION AND BY-LAWS, is available, and may be e e his fee cl rk. such clerk will rec ipt direct to you for . had for the asking. FOUNDATION PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 25 24 GERMANNA MEMORIAL

ARTICLE XI the principal office of the corporation, Harrisonburg, Vir­ Seal ginia, upon written waiver of nobce of such meeting signed Foundation shall con­ The corporate seal of the by all of the trustees of the corporation, with the following circles. In the first, or outer s:st of three concentric trustees present: C. H. Huffman, T. Vl. Fishback, John W. wording: The Memorial circle, shall be engraved the Colonies in Virginia, Wayland, Frank C. Switzer, and B. L. Stanley. Foundation of the Germanna circle shall be engraved: The meeting was called to order by C. H. Huffman, Incorporated. In the second also the inscription in L. Chartered March 14, 1956; President, who acted as chairman of the meeting, and B. '"�.-,/ Montes." In the � "Sic Juvat Transcendere Stanley acted as Secretary thereof. (Quoted from the Min­ Latin, formation, engraved a pentagon-shaped third, or inner circle, shall be in utes of March 31, 1958.) which protected the block-house symbolizing the five-sided stockade concentric circles shall be "The Chairman announced that the meeting had been In the very centre of the three its center. which Governor called for the purpose of considering an amendment to the symbolizing the gold memento engraved a horseshoe, their return to each of his associates upon Certificate of Incorporation (now called Articles of Incor­ Spotswood, it is said, gave in over the Blue Ridge Mountains to Germanna from their first trip poration) issued by the State Corporation Commission of required documents. 1716. This seal shall be affixed to Virginia, on March 14, 1956, so as to provi-de for the distri­ bution of the assets of the corporation in event of dissolu­ AMENDMENT TO THE CHARTER tion of the corporation, since the original charter made no OF INCORPORATION provision therefor. He stated that in his opinion it was ad­ in o the called meeting held visable to provide, in the event of dissolution, that the assets Item 4 of the Minutes f i of ice June 12, 1957, read: arising from the sale thereof, should pass to the Literary Attorney Geo. S. Aldh zer's to file a tax exemption Fund of the State of Vlirginia. He further stated that he "The President was instructed of Internal Revenue at Rich­ had been advised by George S. Aldhizer, II, attorney for the certificate with the Collect·or was attended to with dis- corporation, that the Charter should be so amended . After mond, Virginia." (This directive full discussion of the matter, T. W. Fishback presented the patch.) r to above was rece1yed following resolution, which was unanimously approved." Reply to the application alluded (Here follows the legal document as prepared by the attor­ June 28, 1957, which read in part: ipt of y our exemption ap- ney for the corporation) : "This is to acknowledge rece n orm n nnual information retur , F plication, Form 1023, a d a 990-A. ARTICLES OF AMENDMENT tion has been forward- to the "You are advised that the applica n o ideration. I n the eve t ed to our National Office for c ns ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION OF THE contacted m on is required, you will be that additlional infor ati MEMORIAL FOUNDATION OF THE GERMANNA by that office." COLONIES IN VIRGINIA, INCORPORATED. t nal Office and informed \Ve were contacted by the Na io o on for the n o oration made no pr visi \i\THEREAS, The Memorial Foundation of the Germanna that o ur Charter of I c rp io o t or­ t event of d issolut n f he c Colonies in Virginia, Incorporated, a corporation not orga­ disposition of assets •in he o be o further consideration c uld nized for profit, created under and by virtue of the laws of poration, and that bef re n t o be necessary to ame d he the Commonwealth of Virginia, des'ires to have its charter givn to o ur application it w uld amended as hereinafter set forth. Charter. o Board of Trustees Accordingly, a special meeting f the NOW, THEREFORE, TO THAT END, I, C. H. Huff­ m. on March 31, 1958, at man, President of said corporation, attested by B. L. Stan- was called to meet at 2 o'clock, p. PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 27 FOUNDATION 26 GERMANNA MEMORIAL corporati-on, being a majority of the trustees of the corpora­ as o n do hereby certify f l­ ar o the corporatio , t on ley, Secret y f i . th rt1 ate o s n d lows: THEREFORE, is ce ific is n w ig e by C. H. no e Huffman, President of the corporation aforesaid, attested by a h a ter due tic on th st day o·f M rc , 1958, f (1) That e 31 tan e s e e ar th s d o r tees o the corpora­ B. L. S l y, it S cr t y, i 10th ay f Ap il, 1958. o the oard of trus f to a he members f b ll t o trus ee eet o said board f t s, here as duly held a m ing f THE MEMORIAL FOUNDATION OF THE tion, t w a tru e er resent, nd n e o he eight st es w e p GERMANNA COLONIES IN VIRGINIA, at w hich meeti g fiv f t e t e n a maj ority a e rustees pres n , b i g INCORPORATED at which meeting ll th t n ous adopted the the oration, una im ly· of the trustees of corp President o owling resolution: f ll ora the r es of I ncorp - ATTEST: IT RESOLVED that A ticl "BE ann o un at on of the Germ a C l­ t on o he Memorial Fo d i i f T ta e or orat ssue by the S t C ­ Secretary es n r n a, I ncorp ed, i d oni i Vi gi i e r on March 14, 1956, b poration Commission of Vi ginia ara ra h to be t on th r to of a new p g p , STATE OF VIRGINIA, amended by the addi i e e s o o COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM, to-wit: numbered VIII, to read a f ll ws: a u a ne har a o ar u n and or t ount o t d ss on or fin l liq id ­ I, Ge F. Ro t, n t y p blic i f he C y "'VIII. In the event f he i oluti orat on sha a or s lid n h tate o r n a hose o ss o e n the assets of the corp i ll f e a , i t e S f Vi gi i , w c mmi i n x­ t on of this corporatio , i pires on the 30th day of July, 1961 hereby certify that C. H. tr te as ows : , e a pplied and dis ibu d foll b or oration u an ho e n e st du s or as th s d and o at ons of the c p H ffm , w , b i g by m fir ly w n, h i ay "'(a) All liabilities blig i , ad uate ro ers na a ar d e or e n sa d oun and e ed and d s arged, or eq p ­ p o lly ppe e b f e m i my i C ty d ­ sha be paid, satisfi i ch ll clared that he is the President of The Memorial Foundation n shall be made therefor. visio ond on o he er a na o on n r n n orated that he the o oration upon c iti f t G m n C l ies i Vi gi ia, I corp , "'(b) Assets held by c rp h h ond n s ne the or o n do ent a s d he or o trans er or onveyance, w ic c iti'o ig d f eg i g cum s Pre i ent of t c p ra­ requiring return, f c e re u n t a d t t e stat en s here n onta n d are tr the d so u on , shall b t r ed, ion, n ha th em t t i c i e ue. urs by reason of is l ti occ l h r u r n und and th s h d r d a rdance with suc eq i e- Give er my h i 10t ay of Ap il, 1958. transferred or conveye in cco en m ts. or o r u r and held by the c - N ta y P blic "'(c) All other a ssets eceived use on t o s er tting their ly orat on ubject to limi ati n p mi p i , s a he ro os d a nd t to he a ter o n or or o ary, benevolent, e duc ­ T p p e me men t Ch r f I c p a­ for charitable, religious. eleem syn a ond t ion as a ro d and t e t er o d a a t on os u not held upon c i ion t w pp ve , h ma t f Fe er l T x Exemp i t onal or similar purp es, b t i on h os d er or o eyance by reas of t e cl e . requiring return, transf c nv ro ee s ar 1 ut d or the net p c d is­ d ssolution, shall be d istrib e , i e t rar here s e paid, unto th Li e y ing f rom the sale t of hall b Fund of the State of Virginia.'" ha e rs sa d corporation v­ (2) That there are no m mbe of i d re o o to and a sta e above, sai s luti n vot1ing rights, s t d ing a orat on o h orporation w s a end the Articles of Incorp i f t e c m e o he e t trustees o f th unanimously adopted by five f t igh 28 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 29

U. S. TREASURY DEPARTMENT No liability is incurred by you for the taxes imposed Internal Revenue Service under the Federal Insurance Contributions Act (social secur­ Washington 25, D. C. ity taxes) unless you have filed a waiver of exemption cer­ tificate in accordance with the applicable provisions of such The Memorial Foundation of the Germanna Act. In the event you desire social security coverage for Colonies in Virginia, Incorporated your employees or have any questions relating to the filing Post Office Box 786 of a waiver of exemption certificate you should take the mat­ Harrisonburg, Virginia Aug. 14, 1958 ter up with your District Director of Internal Revenue. Your attention is called to the provisions of section Gentlemen: 501 (c) (3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 under which It is the opm10n of this office, based upon the evidence your exemption will be revoked if any substantial part of presented, that you are exempt from Federal income tax as your activities consists of carrying on propaganda, or other­ (3) of the In­ an organization described in section 501 (c) wise attempting, to influence legislation, or if you participate ternal Revenue Code of 1954, as it is shown that you are in, or intervene in (including the publishing or distributing of organized and operated exclusively for educational purposes. statements), any political campaign on behalf of any candi­ Accordingly, you are not required to file income tax re­ date for public office. turns unless you change the character of your organ1ization, Any reference herein to a provision of the 1954 Code the purposes for which y,ou were organized, or your method shall be deemed a reference to the corresponding provision of operation. Any such changes should be reported immedi­ of the 1939 Code. ately to the District Director of Internal Revenue for your The District Director of Internal Revenue for your d'is­ district in order that their effect upon your exempt status trict is being advised of this action. may be determined. 1 Very truly yours, You are required, however, to file an information return, s/ ]. F. W odey Form 990A, annually, with the District Director of Internal Chief, Exempt Organizations Branch Revenue for your district so long as this exemption remains IRS-D. C. in effect. This form may be obtained from the District Di­ rector and is required to be filed on or before the fifteenth day of the fifth month following the close of your annual ac­ counting period. EXEMPTION FROM VIRGINIA Contributions made to you are deductible by the donors STATE TAX ASSESSMENTS in computing their taxable income in the manner and to the extent provided by section 170 of the 1954 Code. At the Executive Committee meeting held September Bequests, legacies, devises or transfers to or for your use 30, 1958, the President of the corporation announced his be­ are deductible in computing the value of the taxable estate lief that the Foundation of the Germanna Colonies in Vir­ of a decedent for Federal estate tax purposes in the manner ginia, Incorporated, was entitled to ex·emption from tax as­ and to the extent provided by sections 2055 and 2106 of the sessments, State and Local, by the St;;.te of Virginia, and 1954 Code. Gifts of property to or for your use are deduct­ would proceed with application for this relief. At the annual ible in computing taxable gifts for Federal gift tax purposes meeting of the Trustees held at Culpeper, November 4, 1958, in the manner and to the extent provided by section 2522 of the President reported that he had been unsuccessful in this the 1954 Code. matter, and that further endeavor would be necessary, ci FOUNDATION �l ].... 1l ·- z 30 GERMANNA MEMORIAL ;/ ··� �/" !. ,. ; :' !!:I 1 It .. >, I,.._ 'I• �·._...... :•: .. '-' ... ,, .... . � .... �.. t' �� • .. �. · .· • ..c 'E �­ n uiry, 'Cl u 8 ner in reply to our e q ", 4.I ' �-., .. �-�- " . �... ., . . : .•" ta e Tax C ommissio , fi , 4' . .. The S t ., � ..;·i:Q es are granted in t he t at exemption privileg .. .. ·' � ,_, 'Cl informed us h . 0 - 8 ri ation of the Vir­ ... on ealth only by autho z ..,,,,i , A Virginia Comm w , .... � a State Senator Ald­ .. \ � 0 ·3 V Our attorney, fl ••,. ;, •' i ia General Assembly. ·'· g n e e ,,, s:: (!) � r u sel and advic . H 7 ..... o e as c onsulted fo co n . '\� ... : .• : I izer, theref r , w ... .8 h at er. O n •• ... -.., ; .. J .. lil E-< d to attend to the m t �-#··# i.. OS jl I sured us he would be gla • ., ... ,,.,. .... t, t, as t e �. � :�::: :.! .., r ration wrote h .,. V t e President of the co po t. : "" ..... ,, .. .., ] January 24, 1962, h ; , s tion will not b e ... � u o r r equest for tax exemp lii Senator : "I t rust u ";, >, ... e e the Legislature ' --··.:::.;..:. s e many b ill s that ar b fore ''.,.·' i.. ,.C V missed among th . (• .. V 0.'5 ra e � I o r ill receive favo bl \' ii ion and I h ope, too, u s w •, (!) OS for considerat , I� �E or rote, F ebruary 5, 1962: . 'iil re ly, the Senat w • I action." In p •.. .s 'Cl 'Cl � Iii 8 ' ; · 'Cl 0 >, \ "Dear Dr. H uffman : ' V V . "'r o 147 in ! � .... V i inted Senate Bill N . .;...... ,. '5 "Enclosed herewith s pr '\ :-. t Ger­ ;i , . 'P � 'Cl 1\ emorial Foundation o f he ...... (ll s:: i' connection with The M 0 OS i ed i was re­ "> -.' ... r , V ra wh ch \ 11 i irginia, I ncorpo t , #.ff,,.., ,, � rn manna Colonies n V � , .. S:: ..C: ous on . f I· \' .. • ! unanim ly • ••• E-< ·� \1 e Committee on Finance �" .1.,r,, �{ s-> • .9.._. ported out of th l! I �� • OS f l ' ,, e enacted into f:l::1f .,·'' ... • 'Cl i hope will shortly b •• ,, Friday, and wh ch I ' • t � ". \_ ,t c�:.:., 8.] § . tj: � f 0 a �/ +"' ..c l w. ! ··"-.;:..... �#�'. "Sincerely yours, t �I ··\� ].._. 8. V .. � ..;'l. ' ·, ii .g e d i r 8 "Georg S. Al h ze , II" �, . I •oo,j J '+I • f : l """' .. OS ,...= 0 bO t�'<;, . i.. :, ' ....n� . V - irginia, . OS... -rn s::· > e G eneral A ssembly of V �� i .. O In February, 1962, Th '- ' : � V ·a•.;::: • e ial Foun­ � ermanna M mor ' .) .., t; 0 .& ::S� ular ession, d eclared the G I. t - M n reg s � ffl i � O e and Local. In .i: f " \ I <) 0 s ents, S tat �:J..i ... e from t ax asses m "'"' �· ·, �u�:i:: dation ex mpt .. " ,. t ... a notice of N n, 'Cl reasury Department g ve :. 1: ... .: u ust, 1958, the U. S. T ' S::'Clt: A g ) : v..C: S:: V::I " i +• OS 0 Federal T ax Exemption. 'I:) I.I � u � I ..1; . .... s.... ,,,. \ � V >, t '·"'' • 0 'Cl .... The corporation, therefore, is exempt from tax assess­ ., r I . >, (!) § . .. V V , • .. ,, v,S ents r l ta and o ;. I e; o m , Fede a , S te L cal. • I ::s '5 u ,\ ! { (ll .. � i •. ·, '+< 0 V l':<.bO 1 I '> � olo s:: .• '�\ .-. ·· ... ·- ��-� 1 : .. .;! 5 . � • � \.i ' . ti:: • .;::::J::O SIEGEN FOREST ·, •.%�� ! ) ' � :· { 0 "' °' ' ... \ . " 'Cl..... ,c" ,:< : ; \,� '41 u an ... �,i ·i -B § �� In o r ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION we ­ i' -�;,,• � I:) "' ...,/3:3 V t . \...... ". ' bO nounced as one of our purposes: "To purchase, hold and im­ . ./J'i . :t 0 '°'...., ���- � !. ·....:.� ' \.�.,' Ir,. -\': Ao ol ... - prove real estate." Our first acq uisition of property was the -�, \. � .. ,.lt\ 'i «i •t-4 0 }·-..... )�' �. � � t' � 270-acre stretch of densely wooded land, a portion of the --, i.; .• .,:\ I{ s e; - . �::,, : :i ' �- ). V ::SN original Germanna tract, which lies in the northeast corner --� ·�}#�.;.'f'lij'... -;,•�;..______.. �-·�··� ::a (ll � 11 of Orange County, Virginia, and within the horseshoe bend GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 33 32

of the Rapidan River. Ownership, free from encumbrance, that Germanna Ford and environs had been accustomed to of the valuable real estate was made possible through the marching armies, earlier for forces of the Revolution, later generosity of one of the trustees. (See pages 34-35). It is for Yankee and Rebel - truly an opportune gateway to bordered on the north for one mile or more by the highway, Yorktown and to the vVilderness and Appomattox. The Va. Route 3 (now christened The Germanna Highway) and Board of Trustees approved the name and christened the area on the south for a comparable distance by the Rapidan "Siegen Forest", for the c'ity Siegen in Germany, whence River. The splendid concrete bridge, which carries the many of the 1714 immigrants came. Germanna Highway over the Rapidan River, is at the north­ Improvements got under way promptly. Heavy ma­ east corner. Remains of old chimneys and an old cemetery chinery was used where necessary to open roads to distant remind one that former generat'ions have passed this way. points. A large plot of several acres, cleared of trees and \iVell-preserved trenches and cannon pits are mute evidence other obstructions, was trimmed, groomed, and sodded. Lob­ lolly seedlings, 2,500 of them, were set, and now form a rich green backdrop for the plaza. Travelers going either· east or west over the Germanna Highway are greeted by several distinctive markers. One

This granite shaft, honoring the memory of the second Germanna colony (1717) was unveiled during the Reunion, July 16, 1961. It was donated by Mr. J. Carlton Clore in honor of his parents, Mr. & Mrs. James Cleveland Clore, of Madison, Virginia. Reading left to right are Mr. James Cleveland This shaft honoring the 1714 immigrants, erected temporarily on Route 3, Clore; Master James Carlton Clore, who unveiled the marker; Mr. ]. Carlton was relocated at private expense at th:s permanent site in Siegen Forest. Clore, donor; and Miss Ann Victoria Clore. 34 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 35 of these is the attractive picture-frame, constructed of deep­ "1. Mr. E. Vv. Flender moved that a certain tract of red heart of native Siegen Forest cedar. The two sturdy land in Orange county, known as the Myers Tract, be pur­ uprights support a metal tablet, suspended between them chased immediately at the price offered, namely $10,000, from the cross-tie, that tells the Germanna story. Recessed provided that a general warranty deed could be given. slightly from the highway is the open, five-sided structure, motion was seconded The by Mr. T. '0.T. Fishback, and with concrete base, and composition roof which is up-held by unan1imously. passed six, rough-hewn, Siegen Forest posts - the whole designed "2. Dr. J. vV. \i\Tayland moved that the Trustees accept, symbolically to call to mind the original blockhouse that for the Foundation, the very generous gift-offer of Mr. E. Vl. stood in the center of the fort for a protection against Indian Flender, Trustee, to give to the Foundation a certificate of attacks. On either side of this symbol and facing each one hundred shares (100) of oil stock, each share having a other, stand the sentinals, two granite markers which bear, market value of approximately $160.00. The motion was respectively, the etched names of the 1714 and 1717 pioneer seconded by Mr. T. \i\T. Fishback , and passed without debate. settlers. A few yards sou th, in the fringe of the Forest, "3. The Secretary, Mr. B. L. Stanley, was instructed to overJ.ooking the Rapidan, ·is the picnic area, equipped with write the name of Dr. C. H. Huffman (President) in the stationary speaker's platform, tables, and other facilities. certificate, who would then deposit the cash realized from Here descendants and guests, representing many states of the sale of the one hundred shares of the oil stock to the Union, assemble annually for their Reunion. credit of the Foundation. the The Treasurer, Mr. T. Vv. Fish­ back, was instructed to invest a portion of the remainder of the money, after the purchase price of the Myers property had been paid, at 20%. A PERTINENT DETAILS OF PURCHASE sufficient amount should be re­ tained for current expenses. "4. The Pres1ident Copied from the Minutes of the Special Meeting was instructed to file a tax exemption certificate with of the Trustees Held June 12, 1956 the Collector of In ternal Revenue, Virginia. Richmond, "5. A request by Mr. "In response to a call of the President, Dr. C. H. Huff­ Fishback, Treasurer, to fix bond for him was not man, the Directors of the Foundation of the Germanna Col­ granted. the Directors seeing no such action. need for onies in Virginia, Inc. met at 2 :30 p.m. in Attorney Ald·hizer's "The meeting adjourned office, Harrisonburg, Virginia, for the purpose of disposing at 5 o'clock." C. H. Huffman, Pres., B. L. Stanley, of certain items of business pertinent to the Foundation. Secy." The following Trustees were present:

Dr. C. H. Huffman, Mr. E. W. Flender, Mr. T. W. Fish­ ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS back, Mr. J. B. Carpenter, Sr., Mr. B. L. Stanley, and Dr. John W. Wayland. THE FIRST ANNUAL STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS OF THE ORGANIZATION, "On motion, the minutes of the preceding meeting was MADE AT THE END OF THE FIRST FISCAL dispensed with. The President (Chairman) OF OPERATIONS, YEAR announced MARCH. 1957, FOLLOWS. a quorum present, and ready to proceed with i terns of new business, which were disposed of as follows: A comparable report of operations has been made annually PART I-THE FIRST DECADE GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION 37 36 FIXED ASSETS: at the close of each fiscal year. Members of the Board of Land ...... $10,409.00 Trustees are provided with copies for their -information. Roadway and Improvements ...... 198.67 10,607.67

The Memorial Foundation of the OTHER ASSETS: Germanna Colonies in Virginia Inc. Organization Expense 226.25 Harrisonburg, Virginia

Gentlemen: TOT AL ASSETS ...... $18,412.37 Pursuant to your instructions we have made an exami­ nation of the cash records as kept by your treasurer, Mr. T. W. Fishback and hereby submit our report there,on,, con­ LIABILITIES sisting of a Statement of Assets and Liabilities as of March AND SURPLUS LIABILITIES: 31, 1957 and a Statement of Receipts and Disbursements for Account Payable-On Printing Book the Fiscal Year Ending March 31, 1957. These statements .... $ 1,000.00 SURPLUS-OR NET ·woRTH: are attached herewith. 17,412.37 The cash in Bank was verified both by confirmation from the depository and from the bank statement on file. TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SURPLUS $18,412.37 The inventory of books was valued at cost as furnished to us by Mr. C. H. Huffman. The fixed assets were valued at cost, and we read the deed to the property which is situated in Orange County, Virginia. The Account Payable is a bal­ STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS ance due the printer of a book being published by you, and FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDING MARCH 31, 1957 we have been informed that there are no other liabilities. Respectfully submitted. RECEIPTS: S. B. HOOVER AND COMPANY Contri bu tions ...... ····· .. . $17,200.00 By S. B. Hoover Membership Dues­ Certified Public Accountant Yearly $ 235.00 (State of Virginia) Life 700.00 935.00

THE MEMORIAL FOUNDATION OF THE Interest On Savings Account .... 52.08 GERMANNA COLONIES IN VIRGINIA INC. Loan 10,000.00 STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES MARCH 31, 1957 TOTAL RECEIPTS .. . $28, 187.08 LESS - DISBURSEMENTS: ASSETS Travel Expenses 228.59 663.37 Cash in Bank-Checkiing Account Books and Supplies 1,365:58 5,052.08 -Savings Account Repayment of Loan 10,000.00 1,863.00 Inventory of Books Repairs To Well 30.00 Taxes 13.54 TOT AL CURRENT ASSETS ...... $ 7,578.45 PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 39 38 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION

Germanna Record, No. 1 Capital Expenditures: Family records of three of the immigrants to Germanna in 1714: 000.00 270 Acres Land ...... $10, Peter Hitt, John Joseph Martin, and Tillman Vveaver. By B. C. Legal and Holtzclaw. Recording Fees ... 199.00 Surveying 210.00 Germanna Record, No. 2 Germantown Revived. The history and genealogical wealth of Improvements and Germantown from its founding about 1720 to its partial dissolu- Roadway 198.67 10,607.67 226.25 Organization Expense

TOTAL DISBURSEMENTS 22,471.63 $ 5,715.45 BALANCE MARCH 31, 1957

ACCOUNTED FOR AS FOLLOWS: Cash In The National Bank­ 663.37 Checking Account 5,052.08 Savings Account 5,715.45 TOTAL

THE GERMANNA LIBRARY

Publications: Auspices of the Germanna Memorial Foundati•on

ning to the Origi­ Genealogy, History, Biography Pertai n Colonies in Virginia, 1714, nal Settlers of the Germa descendants. Note: 1717, and Subsequently, and to their following are reserved in the Ten copies of each of the Library.

n 1960, is the official The Germanna Record, founded i Descendants search for information pertammg to their family history, and of the Ger­ publication of "The Memorial Foundation are frequently amazed at the wealth of genealogical data made available to Dr. Charles them in our publications. Our memorial volume, "The Ancestry and Descend­ Colonies in Virginia, Incorporated." manna ants of the Nassau-Siegen Immigrants to Virginia," a book of 583 pages, has Herbert Huffman, Editor. been described as "definitive in its field." ..!. "' MEMORIAL FOUNDATION 40 GERMANNA � aro

3.... § Q) of the original Hooper and fifty years later. Reproduction tion Index � c.:,Q) patent document of 1724. Q) Barbour surveys and the official -E arrivals. By W. B. Hackley and � families and later 0 of the pioneer Q) ....., B. C. Holtzclaw. .�"' "' i:: .... No. 3 Q) i:: Germanna Record, Q) records of ..c:: "' Colonist. Extensive Q) Q) John Hoffman- 1714 Germanna .... By B. C. Holtzclaw. 0. .... the pioneer's descendants. E o. 0 "' Germanna Record, No. 4 u roi:: records of the im- ., Jacob Rector - 1714 Colon:st. Extensive John -E o': migrant's descendants. By B. C. Holtzclaw. "Definitive � �· Memorial Volume. ..0 - Germanna Record, No. 5. ·c: ..J. in its field." "'u..-< ..... N assau-Siegen Immigrants to Ancestry and Descendants of the �-ro' By B. C. Holtzclaw. Virgin'.a, 1714 .to 1750. 583 pages. ] ·s "''ii'n Germanna Record, No. 6 ni .� of the first two or Second Germanna Colony of 1717. Records .... -> who settled first at 0 three generations of the 1717 pioneer families -E 0 .... Subsequently, about 1726, on or near Germ:i.nna on the Rapidan. � 2 128 families. Also a map the Robinson River. Data on a total of County, Virginia, prepared ro�- M� of the first patents of land in Madison Holtzclaw. '§ by Prof. D. R. Carpenter. By B. C. 'E Germanna Record, No. 7 �0 .... E :::c: i:: Germanna Descendants in Reun'on. Annual • Q) contributions. Perti­ Current scenes. Historical and genealogical �.r One set reserved (/) nent information. Ten issues bound together. �. di Library. C. H. Huffman-Editor. "' ro in the Germanna � � sz History and Biography Germanna Record, No. 8 Adventure, 1714-1956 u Germanna: Outpost of Q) "' from the u .... i:: Germany, 1714; twenty i:: Q) Thirteen families from Siegen, .,i:: ro "' the Chron­ ,,-j Palatinate, 1717. Spotswood, the Patron. Fonta'ne, .-C:, V Indexed. Illustrated.. 5 1, icler. Knights of the Golden Horseshoe. 1lro u "' Huffman. "' .... By J. W. Wayland and C. H. Q) cl) 0 Bibliography. � No. 9 -�.... ->, Germanna Record, 0. Colonies in i:: "' History of the Memorial Foundat:on of the Germanna a Part I. � a Virg'.nia, Incorporated. The First Decade-1956-1966. ": >, t, Episodes- Q) ...... Orig:n, Development, Objectives. Part II. Antecedent bD t, (J:l Huffman. 1;; Q) Q) 1927, 1934, 1953. Illustrated. Ry C. H...... �..c:: Germanna Record, No. 2 Q) < .... wealth of Germantown on �: - e, ro Germantown Revived. The historical Q) ... 1750. By \P B. E :9 Licking Run, from its founding about 1720 to ;:I ...:I Hackley and B. C. Holtzclaw. 42 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 43

In addition to the preceding list of books published 1964. Story of Germanna Descendants in Reunion, by the Foundation, the Germanna Library holds, from Annual, 1964. Virginia widely scattered sources, a large collection of important data, some printed, that disclose the genealogical wealth Carpenter, Prof. D. R.: 1) The Route Followed by Gov. of information already at hand, and much more yet to be Spotswood in 1716. Map and Description. Published gathered. Some compilations, although relatively com­ in The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, plete, are restricted in scope; others incomplete are being Vol. 73, No. 4. Virginia expanded. All are valuable additions to the ever increas­ 2) Map of First Patents of Land in Madison County. ing volume of data that relate to the German immigrants and to their descendants. Church, Randolph \V.: Tidewater to Shenandoah Valley. Maps, Pictures, Description. Published in Virginia Cav­ Achenbach Sohne: Festcrift aus Anlass der Grundung des alcade, Winter, 1951. Virginia Buschhuttet Eisenhammers vur 500 Jahren: 1452-1592. Ein Beitrag zur Industriegeschichte des Siegerlandes. Cockrell, Maj. Henry B.: Peter Hitt of Germanna and Ger- Achenbach Sohne Buschhutten Kreis Siegen. 240 pages, handsomely bound. Siegen

Anderson, James Scott: Ancestors of James Scott Good. Presented by James J. Anderson. Chart. Kansas

Bayles & Blumm: The Rudolph Family of Virginia. By Mrs. Willetta Baylis and Dr. Willi2.m Blum. W. Virginia

Bottger, Hermann: Frederick Flender - Ein Kampfer. Fur Recht und Freiheit des Siegerlander Folks. By Hermann Bottger. Presented by Reinold Schleifen­ baum. Siegen

Boyd, Laffitte Montague: Broyles, Laffitte, and Boyd Fam­ ilies. Collected and Edited by Laffitte M. Boyd. Georgia

Britton, Mrs. Alexander M.: The Maiden Family History, Chart. By Mrs. Alexander M. Britton, Historian. Vlashington

Byrd, Hon. Harry F.: The Germanna Shrine: Great Beacon Registrat:on and the sale of Germanna books are always important of Horseshoe Bend. Anniversary Address, Germanna, items of business to be recorded for the permanent files following Reunions. PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 44 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION 45

mantown . Extensive collections by Major Henry B. Highlights of the Germanna Story. Address, illustrated Cockrell. Virginia with 26 sl'ides. For the Henry Champion Chapter, Daughters of the American Colonists. Kansas Crigler, Arthur D.: 1) Photostat Copies of the Civil Suit: Spotswood vs. Crigler. Virginia State Library. Gordon, Armistead C.: Address before the Colonial Dames 2) The Crigler Genealogy. of America in the State of Virginia, September 5. 1921, 3) Stammfolge Kriegler aus Schlesiem. at Swift Run Gap in the Blue Ridge Mountains, on Gov­ Presented to the Foundation by Arthur D. Crigler. ernor Spotswood and the Knights of the Golden Horse­ Alabama shoe. Virginia

Davidson, D. N.: Bi-Centennial Celebration of Orange Coun­ Grayson, Jennie Thornley. Germanna: A Novel ty, Virginia, 1934. Official Program Outline. By D. N. By Jennie Thornley Grayson. Virginia Davidson. Virginia Green, James \i\T.: Orange Courthouse, 1861-1865. Historical Dixon, Margaret, and Vann, Elizabeth: Introduction. By James W. Green. Virginia 1) Brumback-H:::itsenpillar Genealogy. 2) Virginia's First German Colony. Grose, George Richmond: Edward Rector. By Margaret Denny Dixon and Elizabeth Denny Vann. Presented by John K. Gott. Virginia Virginia Heinonen, Bernice (Rector) : Pedigree Chart. Eckert, Helen. 1) The Rector Family of Pickaway County, By Mrs. Bernice Lorene (Rector) Heinonen. Oregon Ohio. "The Push to the West." 2) Early Settlers in the Deepcreek Township. Hinke, \i\Tilliam J.: The First German Reformed Colony in By Helen Eckert, Columbus ,Ohio. Ohio Virginia: 1714-1750. Published in the Journal of the Presbyterian Historical Society, Philadelphia, 1903, Vol. Fickeler, Dr. Paul. Ein Beitrag Zur Industriegeschte Suger- II. By \,\Tilliam J. Hinke. Pennsylvan'ia landes. Presented by Ernst \V. Flender. New York Hitt, Daniel \,\T ebster: Peter R. Hitt. Biographical and Genealogical. Presented by Daniel \Vebster Hitt. Flender. I) Geschicte Der Familie Flender:, Texas 2) Bearbuten von Emil Flender, Vol. I. and II. Presented by Ernst \/V. Flender. New York Holtzclaw, Benjamin C.: 1) Genealogy of the Holtzclavv Family, 1540-1935. Flender, Ernst VI. Ein Echo aus Amerika, pages 16-18 in 2) Contribution of the Germanna., Descendants to the "Unser Werk," August, 1955. \i\Tritten after the author's Baptist Denomination. Published in "The Virginia visit to Germanna, June, 1955. New York Baptist Register," No. 4, 1965. Dr. Woodford B. Hack- ley, Editor. Glenn, Mrs. Fay E. Churches of Lancaster and Garrard The 1714 Germanna Immigrants. Address: Rotary Club County, Kentucky. Presented to the Foundation. 3) A Visit To the Homeland. By Benjamin C. Holtz­ The Kemper Line Thr-ough 18 Generations. claw. Virginia 46 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 47

Huffman, Charles Herbert Morris, Ben Hume: The Huffman Family of Garrard Coun- 1) Address. Immigrants of Distinction. Baltimore, Md. ty, Kentucky. By Ben Hume Morris. Kentucky 2) Address. Immigrants on the Rapidan in Search of Happiness. Washington, D. C. National Genealogical Society Quarterly. Vols. and Index 3) Address. Cornerstones of the Foundation. First Re­ complete from 1959- \Vashington,, D. C. union, 1957. Rector, Burlyn M.: Bible Records of Josiah Holtzclaw and His Son-in-Law, Kemper, Clarence W.: A quintet of Kemper Autobiographies: Nelson Rector. By Burlyn M. Rector. Dr. Clarence W., Ernest T., Dr. "Con" F., \tVilliam C., Vi. Virginia and S. G. Mimeographed. Intimate, Delightful, Inspir­ ing, Stimulating. Colorado Rupp, Prof. I. Daniel: Upwards of 30,000 Names of Immi- grants in Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania Kemper, Troy: The Kemper Generation - 1635 - Compiled by Appointed Officers. Salmans, Levi B.: History of the Descendants of John Jacob Current Editor: Troy Kemper, Albuquerque, New Mex­ Rector. By Levi Bremmer Salmans. Mexico ico, New Mexico Schleicher , Johannes: Research Project. The Fi rst Congre­ gat'ion of r Lewis, Mrs. Sarah Aylor: Genealogy of the Aylor Family. the Ge man Rerformed Church in America. By Johannes By Mrs. Sarah Aylor Lewis. Virginia Schleicher. Iowa Schurz: Lewis, Mrs. Florence Fray: John Fray (Johannes Frey) and The American German Review. For promoting the Cultural His Descendants. By Mrs. Florence Fray Lewis. Relations between the United States and Ger­ California man-Speaking Peoples. Carl Schurz Memorial Foun­ dation, Inc. Pennsylvania Luck, Alfred: Four Issues of "Unser Werk." (In German) Seitz, Mrs. Jennie Excerpts of interest in each issue contributed by Charles Garvey: A Partial History of the Garvey, O'Nea!, Edwards, Herbert Huffman. Presented by Ernst W. Flender. Glascock, Asbury, Fishback, and Re­ lated New York Families. Compiled by Mrs. Jennie Garvey Seitz. Oregon Manahan, John E.: Germanna-\i\Thence and \tVhither? See Annual, 1965, pp. 5-10. Sm'ith, Carlisle F.: 1) Naturalization Certificate of Nicholas Yager. issued, July, 1722. Signed by Governor Spots­ Martin and Kemper: The Germanna Journal. Mimeo- wood in Spotsylvania County. graphed, Vol. 1, No. 6. Compiled and edited by Brawdus 2) vVeichersbach, Germany, village of Nicholas Yager's I Martin and Mrs. Agnes Kemper. Virginia birth and youth. I 3) Six photographs (enlarged) of the contemporary I Melville, Malcolm L.: Spillman Papers. \tVeichersbach by the descendant, then in U. S. Uniform, 1 I Compiled and edited by Malcolm L. Melville. 1945. I California 4) Nicholas Yager and Some of His Descendants, Chart. By Carlisle F. Smith, Descendant. Illinois

11 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 49 48

Smith, Wm. C.: Bridging the Rapidan a t Germanna Ford in OFFICIAL PETITION TO THE War T ime. See 1963 Annual, pp. 10-13. Virginia STATE HIGHWAY COMMISSION

1in Nassau To the Honorable, Thieman, Pfarrer: Die Evangelische Kirche an The State Highway Commission ... 1330-1930. Siegen, Germ y of the Commonwealth of Virginia Robert Rob­ U. S. Congress: Memorial A ddresses, 1907, for Gentlemen: erts Hitt. Whereas m any of the highways of the Commonwealth bear names which have appropriately been given them in Watson, Mrs. Estelle Clark: Some Martin Jeffries, and vVay­ n i n in n and a i a d in man Families, and Connections of Virginia, M aryland, recog it •o of em e t citizens loc l ties celebr te i d and Indiana. By Mrs. Estelle Clark \i\Tatson. Illinois h story, an Whereas State Route No. 3 between Culpeper and Fred­ ericksburg runs through Ger:manna, a locality rich in his­ Wayland, John W. of His i a ia n a in d ai an 1) John Hoffman of Germanna and Some tor c ssoc tio s, s set forth et l below, d Descendants. Whereas an old road traveled over by Col. William Byrd a ion of First 2) Contender for Orange County s Locat going to Germanna in 1732, to visit Ex-Governor Spots­ German Settlement. wood, was then known a nd mentioned by Col. Byrd a s the ial Foundation 3) Sundry Items Regarding the Memor "Germanna Road," part of which at least must have coin­ of the Germanna Colonies. cided with the present Route 3 between Fredericksburg and de Huff­ 4) Letters of Mrs. Lester R. McDonnell (Gertru Germanna, Virginia man) Correspondence. \;Ve hereby respectfully petition your honorable body to designate the said Route No. 3 between Culpeper and Fred­ \i\Tayland, J. \;\!alter: Photostat Copies of John Hoffman's ericksburg as the GERMANNA HIGHWAY. Bible Record. Virginia And we submit herewith the following items pertaining to Germanna in evidence of its outstanding place in the his­ \i\Toolf, Aileen Rector: Chart of One Rector Line. tory and I i terature of Virginia from early Colonial times to the present. vVust, Klaus, and Others: Society for the History of the Germans in Maryland. 30th, 31st Reports. 1. In 1714 the first settlement was made here by a col­ ony of skilled ironworkers from Nassau-Siegen under the patronage of Governor Alexander Spotswood, and at that Yowell, Claude L. i inia. time the locality was named Germanna. Ever s'ince that time I 1) H istory of Madison County, V rg a Colony it h as been so named and known. 2) The Dramatic Story of the Second Germ nna Virginia at Germanna. 2. Ger:manna, fitted as an outpost of defense on the I frontier of Virginia, was the first settlement of white people in what is now Orange County.

3. The Germanna colony of 1714, a congregation of Ger­ man Reformed Protestants, with Rev. John Henry Haeger I 11, 50 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 51 as their pastor, were the first organized congregation of the German Reformed denomination in America. 4. In 1716 Governor Spotswood assembled at Germanna gentlemen associates, rangers, pioneers, and guides for his celebrated expedition over the Blue Ridge. Following the successfol enterprise, the company returned to Germanna and there disbanded. Spotswood's gift of a small gem ­ studded gold horseshoe to each of his gentlemen companions served to make them known as the "Knights of the Golden Horseshoe." 5. Near Germanna, in or about 1716, Spotswood estab- lished a well-equipped iron furnace, thus winning the title, "The Tubal Cain of Virginia." This important enterprise was made poss·ible by the experienced ironworkers from Nassau-Siegen, settled at Germanna in 1714. In 1717 and subsequently other German immigrants settled at and near Germanna and participated in the local industries. 6. In 1720, when Spotsylvania County was laid out, Ger­ By authority of the State Highway Commission, Virginia Route 3 manna was within its borders and was made its county-seat, between Culpeper and Fredericksburg is designated the GERMANNA so continuing for ten years until the courts were moved to HIGHWAY. The beautiful pastoral scene above, the Culpeper area, is near the junction of Germanna Highway with U. S. Route 29 which r F edericksburg. links Danville, Lynchburg, Charlottesville, Culpeper, Warrenton, and 7. \i\Then Spotswood retired from the governorship he Washington. The lovely sylvan scene below, the Germanna area, is made his home at Germanna. Here he was visited in 1732 near the Wilderness where Route 20 connects from Orange. Extend­ by Col. Wilham Byrd who wrote an extended account of ing eastward, Germanna Highway joins U. S. Route 1 at Freder:cks­ Spotswood's iron works. This account is included in Colonel burg which I:nks Richmond and other strategic points south; and Alexandria, Washington, and other central points north. Byrd's interesting book entitled. "A Progress to the Mines." In this book Colonel Byrd speaks ,of pass'ing over the "Ger­ manna Road" on his way to Germanna. 8. The ford of the Rapidan River at Germanna has long been celebrated. It was used by the Indians. In 1726 the General Assembly established a ferry here. During the Civil 'vVar this crossing was a strategic point and was much used by both Confederates and Federals. Part of Hooker's army crossed here preceding the battle of Chancellorsville. In the autumn of 1863 General Lee's army crossed here to take up its position along the southern side of the Rapidan. Meade's army crossed here preceding and following the battle of Mine Run. In the spring of 1864 Grant and Meade came over by Germanna Ford and Ferry immediately preceding the battle PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 52 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION 53

ally on the edge of the C. H. Huffman Harrisonburg, Virginia of the \,Vilderness. Germanna is re 3 now crosses the Rapidan *B. L. Stanley Harrisonburg, Virginia ilderness battlefield. Route No. W i and concrete bridge. F. C. Sw tzer Harrisonburg, Virginia just above the old ford on a steel a and i a Germanna are well­ **J. W. W yl Harrisonburg, Virginia 9. On the south side of the r ver t nn n pits remaining from *Deceased, June, 1965. preserved in fantry trenches and ca o **Deceased, January, 1962. the Civil War. n nservation and 10. Years ago the State Departme t of Co i ay two large metal THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS Development erected beside the h ghw n the ical information. More rece tly tablets giving h'istor (The Board of Directors as Constituted, November, 1%6) anna Colonies ;in Virginia, Memorial Foundation of the Germ i n a owns u nencumbered 270 Inc., a n on-profit organizat o th t OFFICERS a a granite monu­ acres of the Germanna tract, h s erected inent information to ment and other markers giving pert Charles H. Huffman, President a i a i n i s e ngaged in mak­ V'l.s1tors and tourists. This org n z t o Trammel W. Fishback, Treasurer n pits easily accessible ing the Civil \;V ar trenches and canno Frank C. Switzer, Secretary i als of interest to the and in publishing books and per odic nt role in the history i in a public, revealing Germanna's significa J. B. Carpenter, Sr...... Culpeper, V rg i and literature of Virginia. Popular merchant. Co-owner and manager of the Cen­ tral Hardware Company, Inc., Culpeper. Extens1ive and of the Respectfully submitted by the Board of Trustees successful business promoter for more than a half cen­ nna Colonies in Virginia, Memorial Foundation of the Germa tury. Leader in business and civic affairs. Inc., Harrisonburg, Virginia T. Vv. Fishback ...... Harrisonburg, Virginia Successful business career. Successful banker, rising to THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS the responsible position of Executive V-President of the National Valley Bank, Harrisonburg. Realtor. Active The Board meets annually the 1st Tuesday after the 1st and popular in civic and community matters. Monday in November (Election Day). The place of meeting 1 alternates between Culpeper and Harrisonburg, Virginia. E. W. Fle nder ...... New York City Native of Siegen, Germany. Came to America in the (Officially approved. Named in the Charter, March, 1956) early years of the century. Successful business career. Investment banker. F·or many years officially associated OFFICERS with C. B. Richard & Company, SO ..Bro adway, New York City. Charles H. Huffman, President Trammel vV. Fishback, Treasurer B. C. Holtzclaw ...... Richmond, Virginia Border L. Stanley, Secretary Elected to the Board, November 6, 1956. Scholar, J. B. Carpenter, Sr...... Culpeper, Virginia author, educator, genealogist. Popular Professor of T. W. Fishback ...... Harrisonburg, Virginia n E. W. Flender ...... New York City Philosophy, University of Richmond, Admi istrator. 54 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 55

C. H. Huffman Harrisonburg, Virginia THE PIONEERS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS Author. Professor of English, Head of the Department, Director of the Division of the Humanit1ies, Madison Family names in the first colony of 1714 from Nassau­ College, Harrisonburg. Active in educational and cul­ Siegen were: Brumback, Fishback, Haeger, Hitt, Hoffman, tural circles. Holtzclaw, Kemper, Koontz (or Coons), Martin, Rector, Spillman, and Weaver. In the second colony of 1717 from J. E. Martin ...... Liignum, Virginia Alsace, the Palatinate, and other districts, were: Auberge, Elected to the Board, November 8, 1960. Successful Ballenger, Blankenbaker, Broil, Carpenter, Clore, Cobbler, business career. Manager, Edgar Payne Martin Lumber Cook, Crigler, Fleshman, Holt, Kaffer, Mayer, Pavler (or Company, Lignum. Currently co-owner and manager Parlur), Paulitz, Sht'ible, Smith, Snyder, Turner, and Utz. of the K · and M Lumber Company, Lignum, Virginia. Descendants of these Germanna colonists, and other persons interested in American history, are eligible to apply \i\Tm. H. Martin ...... Culpeper, Virginia for membership in the Germanna Memorial Foundation. Elected November 5, 1957. Popular and efficient leader in the business and social interests of the community. The several classes of members are: Highly respected. Insurance adjuster. ANNUAL MEMBERS. 1. Individuals: Those who pay dues H. M. Pearson Rem1ington, Virginia annually of Five Dollars. 2. Families (husband, wife, Elected November 2, 1965. Highly respected member and children under 21) : Those who pay dues annually of the Fauquier County School B,Qard. Director of In­ of Eight Dollars. struction. Popular leadership among patriotic and his­ torical societies. LIFE MEMBERS. Those who make a contribution of One Hundred Dollars, or more. F. C. Switzer ...... Harrisonburg, Virginia Efficient Mayor of the City of Harrisonburg, serving ASSOCIATE MEMBERS. Those firms, assoc1at10ns, or successive terms in office. Successful business career. corporations which make a substantial contribution to Director. Harrisonburg Telephone Company. Highly the Corporation. respected and popular 1in the community. Approximately 600 applications for membersh1ip have C. A. Utz . Gordonsville, Virginia been received. Thirty-six states of the Union are repre­ Elected November 2, 1962. Efficient public official. Sev­ sented in the membership. eral terms on the Orange County Board of Supervisors. Successful merchant. Community leader. 56 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 57

MEMBERSHIP ROSTER* Beck, Charles B. Briles, C. Ralph A 2519-lZth St., S.W. 118 S. Main Street B Canton 10, Ohio Asheboro, N. C. Abbott, George E. Bach, Grannis Bem'ss, Samuel M. Briles, E. A. 1142 'vVindward Shore Dr. P. 0. Box 191 428 N. Blvd. Pub. Stafford Curier Virginia Beach, Va. Jackson, Ky. Richmond 20, Va. Stafford, Kansas Adsit, Mrs. Marjorie E. Bach, Madison T. Benchoff, Mr. & Mrs. Robt. J. Briles, J. C. 4729 Lander Road 303 N. Sycamore St. Massanutten Academy Pomona Kansas Chagrin Falls, Ohio Mt. Sterling, Ky. , Woodstock, Va. Briles, J. L. Alexander, Mrs. Sarah H. Bach, Wm. Everette Children: Rosalie Asheboro, N. C. Mt. Crawford, Va. R. D. 165 Bell Court ,West Gretchen and Robert, Jr. Briles, Tom A. Alman, Mrs. Louise H. Lexington 23, Ky. Blankenbaker, Rev. Wilmer A. 1158 Jefferson 212 Anderson Avenue Back, Troy L. 9520 Columbia Pike Paducah, Ky. Fort Talley, Georgia 208 North Emerson St. Annandale, Va. Children: Britton, Mrs. Alex. M. Almond, Hon. Lindsay Arlington 3, Va. Wilmer A., Jr., Robert E., P. 0. Box 23 Richmond, Virginia Baker, A. M., M.D. Jane Lee Touchet, Washington Anderson, James J. & Fam. 2523 Glenwood Court Blanks, Mrs. James W. 241 West 2nd Street New Albany, Indiana Brizzolara, Mrs. Yancy C. Clarksville, Va. Orange, Virginia Garnett, Kansas Baker, Mrs. Blanche H. A. Boardman, Mrs. W. K., Jr. Brockman, Mrs. H. LeRoy Anderson, Robt. Nelson Mt. Crawford, Va., R. D. 1022 Stovall Blvd., N.E. P. 0. Box 622 2732 North 18th St. Ballenger, Mrs. Victor C. Atlanta, Ga. Greer, South Carolina Arlington, Virginia 153 Park Drive Bolen, Mrs. E. Earl Andes, Dr. & Mrs. Geo. C. Salem, Ohio Brown, Betty Lou Cornwell 410 East 9th Street 252 Grattan Street Barbee, Mrs. W. 'vVitt Rt. 1, Box 159, Pelham Manor Chandler, Oklahoma Harrisonburg, Va. Rt. 1, Box 154 Culpeper, Virginia Bosserman, Mary C. Brown. Miss H. Emma Anglin, Mrs. Murray W. Warren ton, Va. 292 Campbell St. 3130 Wisconsin Ave. 827 Superior Avenue Barickman, Lt. Col. R. J. Harrisonburg, Va. ·Washington, D. C. Bogalusa, Louisiana HHD VSARV, C.A. Section Bounell, Mrs. Emery G. Arnold, Mrs. J. E. APO San Fran 96307 Brown, Mrs. John B. 2809-N.W. 22nd. St. 7825 Aberdeen Rd. 16 Boxwood Lane Barton, Mrs. A. G. Oklahoma City 7, Okla. Bethesda 14, Maryland Greenville, S. C. (Rosamond B.) Bowman, Dr. Carl C. Brown, John R. Arrington, Russell 321 Boulevard Box 502 Rt. 4, Box 47 117 East Culpeper St. Anderson, S. C. Waynesboro, Va. Culpeper, Virginia Charlottesville, Va. Bate, W. N. Brietigam, Mrs. Nelda M. Artz, Miss Sydney M. Brown, Mr. & Mrs. Maynard L. P. 0. Box 7314 58 E. Sussex Way Route 1, Box 146 P. 0. Box 281 Corpus Christi, Texas Fresno 5, California Woodstock, Virginia Dahlgren, Va. Bean, Mrs. David C. Browder, Mrs. Sarah R. Aylo1·, Eugene W. Brown, Mrs. 0. J. 367 - 5th St., N.W. 334 Clanton Ave. Brightwood, Virginia 325 Franklin Hickory, N. C. Montgomery, Alabama Aylor, Manly H. Canal Winchester, Ohio Beatty, Dr. Oren A. Boyer, Joseph •W. Gretna, Virginia Broyles, Alvin Douglas Richland Hospital P. 0. Box 732 Aylor, Mervin W. 3200 Gibbons Ave. Mansfield, Ohio Elko, Nevada Madison, Virginia Baltimore, Md. Aylor, Raymond C. Beaty, Dr. John Boyer, Ora K. Broyles, James H. 2207 Beverly Heights Campbellton Farm 444 N. Drew St., East Brandy Station, Va. Altav'sta, Virginia Barboursville, Va. Mesa, Arizona Briles, Austin H. Broyles, Kenton H. *Please forward your zip code number at your earliest conven­ 2308 Freeman Mill Rd. 42 East 3rd Street ience.-President Greensboro, N. C. Waynesboro, Penna. I II) II/ II/ II/ " •..... C PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 59 <) Ill rd 0 ..c: ...> t: . ii. .!!! ·- .... , l!J��o�;.::::o--"'""'.D "'o. Ill ...ij ""' • c: .... 3808 Heywood 1032 Cambridge Crescent "Cl •• -; · .... • < Ill ::l� Ill·- - 1 ell O rJl ..C - ..c:l � 0> 0t ..:> l.+-4 M +Jr/J Fort Worth, Texas Norfolk, Va. +J M f/'J- rd o. Q�� Broyles, Ronald H. Carpenter, Mr. & Mrs. 0. F. · ::l "Cl >, o !l: '°GJ'+-4GJ!=b.Ouv .1:: § 7513 Kenlea Ave. Brightwood, Virginia OI ..C: o '"' - .i ..C: i:! ·... c .,; c Carpenter, Mr. & Mrs. Ralph L. .... E-< :::l � o. d � � � Baltimore, Mel . a,' . rd 5 !1 ..c:·A "7 ·;;; ..i.: Brugh, Anne 305 Trooper Road """"4v,V'-'-0t•NUr/J >.;::!� � 20 Radcliffe Ave. N orr;stown, Pa. "'� �::C: it-;<) '3 .... Ill...... , •6 Ill ...... -• "'bO0.....· .... •·- Highland Park, N. J. Carpenter, Dr. & Mrj. ·W. I. P::: i::: ...... :a.ss:: .... o+'� ro.£ Buck, Gertrude J. 201-2 Medical Arts Bldg. >. °' .s ::i ..c: ... < e "' Norfolk, Va. � < ] P, o O.] tt: :E 48-19 213 Street A Bayside 64, N. Y. § "'< "Cl "" ·­ s:: r/J. O +J +J • .... • .... Buchner, Mrs. Freel A. P. 0. Box 310 ·res . ... "' "'"'..,...a °ln i::: "0§;..:::i:::.,:;;o .... rcs 2711 East Morris Culpeper, Va. "' B ....""'P'.l "' �uc:: l-4 6 - cu'"C Wichita, Kansas Catron, John H. ii. c.? � l:i -� . . t'.:: § Byrd, Hon. Harry F., Jr . 405 West State .... �c.;,�§§£1! U. S. Senate Offic Bldg. Charleston, Ill. i::: rd "' rd 0. -· ·- ·- u ..c: e �- ..C: i::: ��> � \Vash'ngton, D. C. "'� r:::rcs8o�..; ... Chisholm, Miss M. Ruth 0 Byrd, Hon. Harry F., Sr. i:i3 ·;: i t . c:i � . Box 294 i::: ... i::: ...a 0... P::: "Cl · res .... O ::ii Berryville, Va. Elkton, Virginia - _ � '�._, - t' !;:, i ..c: � i::: "' Ill rd i::: "' ·- 0. Burress, Mr. & Mrs. John Walter 0 ...... , Illrcs thrcs....,i::: • Choate, Lt. Richard I. ·- i::: 0. ::l ... ;l "Sn Ill ... 630 East Winter Dr. ii · 354 So. Lanvale Ave. s � "' a � ii � .� � 1l Phoenix, Arizona rs O < ·a 6 t,> � 8 Daytona Beach, Fla. � ·s < 1116..c: (")§ .., · 111 1l ..C: :l: lJ IO Clarke, Charles G. ·- III rd �..C: fr C .... i::: • g � .!!1..c: ::c: - § E-< Cl) 328 S. Bedford Drive ���"O v -B ...... !i .... "'"'5 o Beverly Hills, Calif. 90212 .._. i:i3ii ::lU ._.o O"Ci� Cannon, Miss Eleanor I bl) r/) II) '+'.; Carper, Mrs. Stanley Dallas 30, Texas < e -� »1110P:::A�t 111 §� 125 Waverley Way Clore, Mr. & Mrs. J. Carlton A � ii r::: .... ii::; ·o o o ,... V "' "'rcso o McLean, Va. Box 90 M '"Cl � .� Cl.)..c: enu 111 V bD o:S�v o�....,�-�ro ro Carpenter, Prof. Delma R. Culpeper, Va. ·a a u"' ...O r::: 0 o a :.:::Cllr:::"' .... res i:i. 620 High Street Clore, James 0. Ill § . "' g ..!:l � < ••g ::c: 6 l>l Salem, Va. Madison, Virginia �ii -s -s ii o � 41 �z u � Carpenter, Mr. & Mrs. Harvey Clore, Miss Margaret :.= >. - 5t: :SC.,N Cll · 111 R. R. 1, Box 140 !:E�e.E �- -; o < Mitchells, Va. res ., Bo-; . .., c.?,sc., ... P'.l Carpenter, Jesse B., Jr. Franklin,''Incliana 111ii; �tJ,::i � .... - ....< bO 1125 Oaklawn Drive Clore, 0. N . �bD.!.5c »£::iat:()5°==111 ..-.. o-..c < bOC Culpeper, Virginia Culpeper, Virginia "' ,D II/ON"" t: ·.;::: 0.-.:,v o 1:Jii::;·.n ·- ,Drd � IO P,:: 111 rd< Carpenter, Jesse B., Sr. Clore, Philip ..c: i::: "Cl "Cl 8 � :g "Cl t-< 0 C · - • rll III"'. r::: A 801 S. East Street 2015 La Burnum ';}J 6 ] e: CU � t 't; 5 V Culpeper, Va. Roanoke, Va. � ii. rd 1A ii == !Jdz:l ii. ii PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 61 60 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION

Clore, Sarah Marie Criglar, W. L. Deitz, I. N. Emery, Sita Koontz Rt. 4, Box 203 Box 222 Crawley, W. Va. Box 3266 Hillsboro, Ohio Forestville, Calif. Denny, Mrs. Collins Shreveport, La. Cockrell, Major Henry B. Crigler, Arthur D. Monacan - R. D. Embry, Judge Alvin T. 3212 N. Rochester St. 310 Pine Hill Drive Midlothian, Va. Fredericksburg, Va. Arlington 13, Va. Mobile, Ala. Dinkle, Miss Pansy Pence Estes, Dr. & Mrs. Robt. F. Collins, Mrs. Wallace Crigler, Harvey Lonlinclin Farm Marshall-Douglass R. D. 4, Mirror Lake Farm Columbus, Mississippi Frankfort, Kentucky Orange, Virginia Shelbyville, Ky. Crigler, Miss Jynny Dixon, Mrs. J. W. Evans, Mrs. Robt. E. Cook, Mrs. Perry H. 6030 Washington 107 N. Harvie St. Box 13 R. D. 5 St. Louis, Mo. 63112 Richmond, Va. Greenville, Incl. Salem, Ohio Crigler, Philip H. D:xon, Wm. D. & Family Ewell, Mrs. Nathan. McG. Coons, G. Dallas 120 Rowe Avenue 707 Skyline Ct., N. E. 1838 Fenclall Ave. 1714 Park Ave. Panama City, Fla. Vienna, Virginia Charlottesville, Va. Richmond 20, Va. Crigler, Robert M. Dorman, J. Freel Eyer, Harriet L. Coons, Henry C. Santa Fe, Missouri 2311 Connecticut Ave., N. W. 49 Audobon Place Box 724 Crigler, T. W., Jr. Washington 8, D. C. Ft. Thomas, Ky. Culpeper, Virginia Macon, Mississippi Drake, Miss Julia A. Coons, Powell H. B. Crigler, Wilson L. 1885 Pecos Ave. 172Yz Spruce Street Rt. 3 San Angelo, Texas F Manchester, Conn. Paris, Missouri Dunn, Dr. David Coons, Terrill Crigler, W. Carlyle Pine Street Ferguson, Mrs. Edna L. 403 Loycls Lane Madison, Va. Lancaster, Pa. 1307 Magnolia Alexandria, Va. Cullar, Mrs. James W. Duvall, Mrs. Wilson Bowling Green, Kentucky Cooper, Mrs. Susie H. 3359 Shelley Blvd. 735 Beach Blvd. Ferguson, Mrs. Walter 2 Galt Avenue Dallas, Texas 75211 Pascagoula, Miss. Boone County Lakeland, Florida Union, Kentucky Copeland, Miss Maria A. E Fields, Mr. & Mrs. Myrah B. "Hill Crest" D 127 New York Ave. Round Hill, Va. Eaves, Mr. & Mrs. Robert W. Harrisonburg, Va. Corley, William Dalton, Judge "Ted" 3700 N. Glebe Road, N. W. Fishback, Mrs. Davis E. 3439 West Drive, Pressler Ct. Radford, Virginia Arlington, Va. 22207 2307 Lakeside Drive Bay City, Mich. Darter, Dr. Oscar H. Eckert, Miss Helen Orlando, Fla. Couch, Mrs. A. V. 1313 Sunken Road 32 W. 9th Ave. Fishback, Mr. Edw. W. 4312 W. 83rd Street Fredericksburg, Va. Columbus, Ohio 2804 Shrewsbury Road ·Prairie Village, Kans. Davis, Miss Lulie Edwards, Mr. & Mrs. C. P. Orlando, Fla. Coyer, Dr. Clyde Milton 306 South High 1606 N. Adams St. Fishback, Frederick H. 1236 S.W. 28 Salem, Indiana 47167 Arlington, Va. Pine Grove, Kentucky Oklahoma City 9, Oklahoma Davis, Miss Nancy E. Eilar, Dr. J. S. Clark County Cox, Percy N. 429 N. Nelson St. 7 Medical Arts Sq. Fishback, G... Ben Box 246 Arlington, Va. 22203 Albuquerque, N. M. 170 East Washington St. Forest Hill, Mel. 21050 Ellis, Mrs. Vella Hanback DeBell, Miss Mary Pickett Orlando, Florida Crawford, James J. 425 Main Cross St. 437 Poplar Ave. Strasburg, Va. Flemingsburg, Ky. Waynesboro, Va. Fishback, John S. Crews, Mrs. F. Morris Deck, Dorothy Ann Ellis, Mrs. Ona M. Madison, Va. 1007 East Monroe St. 924 East Elm St. 321 E. Park Place Fishback, Col. & Mrs. John S. Mexico, Missouri Springfield, Mo. Jeffersonville, Incl. Cape Haze, Placicla, Fla. 33946 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION 62 PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 63

Fishback, Trammel W. Galey, Mrs. John T. Green, Mr. & Mrs. James W. H 16 Grace Street 715 Valley View Road 510 S. Main Street Hackley, Dr. & Mrs. Woodford B. Harrisonburg, Va. Pittsburgh, Penn. Culpeper, Virginia 4206 Kensingdon Ave. Fitzgerald, Mrs. Elizabeth Garrison, Mrs. J. Silor Green, John Plath Richmond, Virginia 133 Church Street 218 Franklin St. 1625 Kirby Bldg. Haddon, Margaret Childress Waynesboro, Va. Harrisonburg, Va. Dallas, Texas Garvey, Mrs. James A. 1009 Bevriclge Rel. Fleischman, Flavia W. Griffith, Mrs. Harley P. 0. Box 83 Richmond, Va. Route 2, Box 218 Route I, Arden, Box 229 Baytown, Texas McLean, Virginia Hall, Ruth Carpenter Martinsburg, W. Va. Flender, Mr. & Mrs. Ernst vV. Gibb, Mr. & Mrs. Thom. L. 4524 North Versailles 333 East 57th St. 16691 City View Drive Guy, Mr. & Mrs. W. Burton Dallas 5, Texas New York, N. Y. Victorville, Calif. IOI W. Monument Street Handback, Hollis P. Flender, Herr Emil Gilbert, Mrs. Harold S. Baltimore I, Maryland Fishersville, Va. Parkstrasse 19 ,19 Brentona Way-Greenbrac UNNA-KONIGSBORN San Rafael, Calif. Westdeutschlancl Gish, S. C. Fletcher, Miss Erman Warren Gish Realty Company, Inc. Faraway Farms Central City, Kentucky Stanardsville, Va. Giulvezan, Mrs. George Fletcher, Miss Mary Edna 9525 Radio Dri�e Faraway Farms Affton, Missouri Stanardsville, Va. Glenn, Mrs. Fay E. Flick, Mr. & Mrs. Harold A. 4400 W. 83 St. 71 Shawbutte Drive Prairie Village, Kans. Poland, Ohio Gordon, Mrs. Florence A. 113 Kendall Road Fl.nn, :Mrs. Velda M. 508 N. Institute St. \,Valnut Creek, Calif. Colorado Springs, Colo. Gough, Mrs. Blanche A. Rt. 3, Box 377 Fray, Mrs. Albert N. Lynchburg, Va. 1641 Oxford Road Grady, Mrs. Lula Charlottesville, Va. 282 New Boston, Texas Fray, Rev. L. G. Grafton, Mr. & Mr3. Dudley 1510 Par·s Ave. 3830 N. Glebe Road Nashville, Tenn. Arlington, Virgin'a French. Mn. Marson H. Gott, John K. Partridge, Kansas 4202 S. 13th St. Fuller, Mrs. Landon E. Arlington, Va. 802 Gracelyn Court Grattan, }.frs. George G., Jr. Blacksburg, Va. 558 South Main Street Harrisonburg, Va. G Graves, Col. Jeffer::on J. P. 0. Box 215 One special feature of the Reunion are the Exhibits - displays of scenes, Garletts, Mrs. Freda Kemper Ross, California artifacts, and curios - that make viv:d the story of Homeland in America and 2313 Price Ave. Grayson, Mrs. Jennie Thornley of the Fatherland in Europe. It is gratifying that young people, looking to the Charlottesville, Va. Charlottesville, Virginia future of the Germanna Foundation, find these vivid reminders informative and interesting. GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 65 64

Hardy, Mrs. Martha Weir Hinegardner, Mr. & Mrs. C. H. Holtzclaw, Miss J essal Huffman, Mr. & Mrs. H. G. Apt. 207, Custer Inn 2922 Guilford Ave. 198 Brow Road 210 Riverthorne Rd. Galesburg, Illinois Baltimore, Md. 21218 Lookout Mountain, Tenn. Baltimore, 20, Md. Harl:n, Mrs. Leighton C. Hitt, Dr. and Mrs. Aubrey M. Holtzclaw, Dr. Katharine Huffman, Herbert H. Luray Avenue P. 0. Box 67 2800 Woodley Road Rt. 1, Lexington, Va. Huffman, Rev. & Mrs. J. Wade Luray, Virginia Salem, Virginia Washington 8, D. C. Harn3berger, Mr. & Mrs. Geo. K. Hitt, G. Hunter Holtzclaw, Miss Mary Route 1 Port Republic, Virginia Stevensburg, Va. 10 Main Hagerstown, Md. Harnsbarger, William Hitt, Jackson Canton, N. C. Huffman, Nelson B. VA Hospital Rixeyville, Va. Holtzclaw, Robert C., Jr. 821 Blue Ridge Drive Martinsburg, W. Va. Hitt, John H. 912 South Rome Ave. Harrisonburg, Va. Harrison, Hon. Albertis S. 210 Spring St. Tampa 6, Florida Huffman, Russell W. Richmond, Virginia Culpeper, Va. Holtzclaw, Mr. & Mrs. T. S. R. D. 5 Harrison, Hon. Burr P. Hitt, Merry G. 256 Harris Creek Rd. Salem, Ohio Winchester, Virginia Rixeyville, Va. Hampton, Va. Huffman, Walter B. Holtzclaw, Miss Virginia 4502 N. Carlin Spring Rd. Harrison, Eva A. Hitt, Howard Wm. 170 Academy Arlington, Va. 4742 North Topping Ave. 641 So. Warren Ave. Can ton, N. C. Humphreys, Mr. & Mrs. Earl F. Hansas City, Missouri 64117 Columbus, Ohio 43204 Hart, Mrs. Stephen F. Howell, Wm. S. 916 •West Norris Hitt, Mr. & Mrs. Wilson Route 3 Maplewood Farm, R. R. 1 El Campo, Texas 1512-16th St., S. E. Mineral, Va. Mt. Sterling, Kentucky Hunter, Bertha M. Amiss Washington 20, D. C. 3627 Locksley Drive Harp, Prof. Hugh G. Hudson, Mr. & Mrs. Reginald L. Hoffman, Mr. & Mrs. Murphy Birmingham, Alabama 35223 41 ,West State Street P. 0. Box 370 Culpeper, Virginia Hutsinpillar, Prof. Neil C. Springfield, Ohio Culpeper, Virginia Hoffman, Mr. & Mrs. Hovey Cottage Campus Hartinger, Mrs. Rosalie Lucas Huffman, Mr. & Mrs. Arlie C. Frederick R. Crawfordsville, Indiana 4304 Maxlin Road 4600 N. Carlin Spring Rd. Rt. 2, Box 234 Dayton 29, Ohio Arlington 3, Virginia Hathaway, Bernice F. Culpeper, Virginia I Huffman Bros. (Mrs. Chas.) Hoffman, Mr. & Mrs. Jesse E. 947 W. Federal St. 1351 So. Marion Box 502 Irwin, George Robt., Sr. Youngstown, Ohio Denver 10, Colorado Orange, Virginia P. 0. Box 276 Huffman, Clinton C. Edinburg, Virginia Hays, Dr. Arnold E. Hoffman, Miss Virginia Kyle R. D. 6 919 San Mateo St. Box 502 Harrisonburg, Va. Redlands, Calif. Orange, Virginia J Hegstrom, Mrs. Virginia Huffman, Dr. & Mrs. Charles H. Hoffman, Mr. & Mrs. Walter T. 271 Grattan Street Jacobson, Rev. J. Larry 423 Banner Brightwood, Virginia Nampa, Idaho Harrisonburg, Virginia 208 W. Lockheed Holmes, Mr. & Mrs. R. R. Midwest City, Okla. Heinicke, M. H. Huffman, Mrs. Clyde H. 880 Fifteenth St. James, Mrs. Kendrick 26 Court Street 464 Harnar Oakmont, Pa. 3215 Oakmont New Haven, Connecticut Clarksburg, W. Va. (% J. P. McCarthy) Houston 21, Texas Heinonen, Mrs. Bernice Huffman, Mr. Dana E. Holtzclaw, Dr. & Mrs. B. C. J enn'ngs, John Melville 7114 N. Seward P. 0. Box 84 11 Ampthill Road 707 East Franklin St. Portland, Oregon Nallen, W. Va. Higginbotham, Mr. & Mrs. Richmond, Virginia Richmond, Va. Huffman, Eldridge Carper S. Page Holtzclaw, James A. Jennings, Maurice Commonwealths Attorney 4032 Shorecrest Drive P. 0. Box 206 R. D. 2 New Castle, Va. Orange, Virginia Orlando, Florida Newburg, W. Va. 66 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 67

Jessen, Mrs. A. T. Kemper, Mr. & Mrs. Robert M. L McCluen, Mrs. Lloyd G. 1124 No. Xenophen 102 Case Lane 219 North Front Ave. Tulsa, Oklahoma Oakridge, Tenn. Lainson, Mrs. Clarence R. Rockwood, Tenn. Johnson, Mr. & Mrs. Clyde Kemper, Troy 3320 E. State Street McCutcheon,' Roger P. Locus Grove, Virginia 5131 Sunningdale Ave. Rockford, Illinois 61108 400 E. 32nd St. Jones, Mrs. Elizabeth Martin Albuquerque, N. Mex. Leavell, Dr. Ullin W. Austin, Texas 250 Rodes Avenue Kestler, Mrs. Rosebud 1834 Fendall Ave. 1v[cDonnell, Mr. & Mrs. Lester R. Lexington, Kentucky ( Grady, Mrs. Lula) Charlottesville, Va. 337 Ewing Road Jone3, Mrs. Hyrum Box 282 Lewis, Mrs. Frances Carpenter Youngstown 12, Ohio Spanish Fork, Utah New Boston, Texas Route 3 McDonnell, James L. Jordan, Mr. & Mrs. E. W. King, Mrs. Martha E. Charlottesville, Va. 337 Ewing Road 3111 Gilmer Ave. Rt. 1, Box 203-C Lewis, Mrs. Florence Virginia Youngstown 12, Ohio Winston-Salem, N. C. l'v[anassas, Virginia 4568 - 48th Street MacDonald, Stephen A. King, Frank Ced San Diego 15, Calif. 1145 Cambridge Crescent K 13601 E. Foster Ave. Lewis, James F. Norfolk 8, Virginia Baldwin Park, Calif. P. 0. Box 359 McClain, Mrs. Claribel Albright Kays, Marshall E., Jr. K;ngman, Mrs. Howard F. Kilmarnock, Va. 22482 614 North 7th Street 1312 Stanley Ave. 81 Fremont Place Lewis, Mrs. Robert S. St. Joseph, Missouri Lexington, Ky. 40503 Los Angeles 5, Calif. 1312 Asbury Drive Kean, Miss Elsie C. M Kirven, Mrs. Ruth Huffman Richmond, Virginia P. 0. Box 682 103 S. Beaton Street Liggett, S. C. Orange, Virginia Magruder, W. C. Corsicana, Texas Churchville, Va. Kemper, Mr. & Mrs. Albert S. Longley, H. V., Jr. 7034 Waterman 805 Groveland Drive Koontz, Dr. & Mrs. Amos R. Rt. 3 St. Louis 30, Mo. Bluefield, W. Va. 1014 St. Paul Street Elkton, Va. Maire, Mrs. Jean M. Baltimore 2, Maryland Kemper, Dr. & Mrs. "Con" F. Luck, Alfred P. 0. Box 306 888 Logan Street Koontz, E. D. (21b) Port Jefferson Sta., N. Y. Denver 18, Colorado P. 0. Box 892 Siegen, Germany Malone, Mrs. R. H. Kemper, Rev. Clarence W. Elkins, W. Va. Luhrs, Henry E. 812 Lead, S. W. 1068 Lincoln Place Koontz, Mr. & Mrs. Earl L. Lincoln Library Albuquerque, N. M. 87102 Boulder, Colorado 233 Monument Ave. Shippensburg, Penna. Manahan, Dr. John E. Kemper, George W. Harrisonburg, Va. Lyon, Mrs. James E. 35 University Circle McGaheysville, Va. Koontz, James W., II R. D. 1 Charlottesville, Va. Equitable Bldg. Firth, Idaho Kemper, Hathaway G. Manahan, Dr. John L. 4750 Sheridan Drive Baltimore 2, Maryland 35 University Circle Koontz, Dr. vVarren W. Charlottesville, Va. Chicago 40, Illinois Mc Lumbermens Mutual Casualty 107 Oakwood Place Marsh, Hon. John 0. ico. Lynchburg, Virginia U. S. Office Bldg. McBryde, Mrs. Amelia Krudwig, Faye House of Representatives Kemper, Hon. James Scott P. 0. Box 66 Rt. 8, Box 173-F Washington,.,D. C. 20 North Wacker Drive Manassas, Virginia San Antonio, Texas Kemper Ins. Bldg. McCall, Dr. Cooper H. Marshall, Mrs. Leslie Chicago 6, Illinois Kump, Hon. Herman r.. 744 McCallie Ave. 2936 Japonica Drive Kemper, James M. Elkins, W. Virgin;a Chattanooga, Tenn. Corpus Christi, Texas 220 Commerce Bldg. Kyle, Miss Catherine :\i[cCall, James Holtzclaw Martin, Claude 0. Kansas City, Missouri 402 Piedmont Street 318 Sunset Circle 515 West Yosemite (922 Walnut Street) Culpeper, Virginia Lookout Mountain, Tenn. Madera, California GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 68 69

Martin, Edgar Payne Moeller, Mrs. Ruby Lee Norred, Miss Lena R�ctor, Charles T. Lignum, Virginia 128 St. George St. 404 N. Boundary 1721 Greenway Drive Martin, Glenn H. St. Augustine, Florida Burnet, Texas Fredericksburg, Va. :P. 0. Box 313 Mondrik, Mrs. A. J. R'!ctor, Hartman, Jr. Gilbert, Arizona 715 E. 10th St. p 11211 Bellmont Drive Martin, James E. Cameron, Texas 76520 Fairfax, Virginia Lignum, Virginia Moore, Mrs. C. E., Sr. Payne, Elsie Schwab Rector, James N. Martin, Lewis E. 557 South Beach Street (Mrs. Ewin N.) P. 0. Box 3X 43 Martin Lane Fort Worth, Texas Hamilton, Virginia '222 Lowell St. Radcliff, Kentucky Moore, Wm. Cabler Payne, Mr. & Mrs. Marshall Jett Richmond, Virginia 23207 Martin, Hon. & Mrs. T. I. 42 Chesterfield Road 3201 North 5th Street Rector, Kenneth Edward Stamford, Conn. 06902 901 S. E. Street Arlington, Virginia 22201 2833 Kentucky Culpeper, Virginia Morell, 1vir. & Mrs. Wm. N. Pearson, Mr. & Mrs. Topeka, Kansas 4824 Montgomery Lane Martin, Mr. & Mrs. Wm. H. Harry Marvin Rector, Leo Harris Bethesda, Md. 313 S. West Street Remington, Virginia 1607 -West John Street Culpeper, Virginia Morris, Ben Hume Peden, Mrs. C. H. Champaign, Illinois 222 Choctaw Road Matthew, Grace 208 Morningside Drive Rector, Dr. & Mrs. Lewis E. Louisville, Ky. 40207 P. 0. Box 335 Glasgow, Kentucky Apt. 807-1006 Spring St. Moyer, Paul Lumberport, W. Va. 26386 Pennie, Mrs. Mary Brown & Fam. Seattle, Washington Maus, Geo. V., Sr. 910 Kraner Lane N okesville, Virginia Rnctor. Philip P. Brookhaven, Miss. Route 1 Peterson, Robt. Karl 843 Park Drive Harrisonburg, Va. Murphy, Mr. & Mrs. Theodore 2311 Connecticut Ave., N. vV. Flossmoor, Illinois 60422 May, Mrs. Hazel Fishback 1837 Fendall Ave. Washington, D. C. Rector, W. F. R. D. 1 Charlottesville, Va. Peterson, Mrs. Wm. F. 2200 N. Palm Linville, Va. N The Waterford, Apt. 303 Little Rock, Arkansas Melville, Malcolm L. Topeka, Kansas Rector, Wm. H. P. 0. Box 325 Neff, Clarence Phillips, Wm. Wallace 1735 Ardleigh Road Forestville, Calif. P. 0. Box 84 Rox 254 Columbus, Ohio 43221 Michael, Dr. 0. Bain Timberville, Va. Middleburg, Va. Reddy, Mrs. Ann Walker 149 Franklin Newell, Dr. Arthur W. Plume, Mr. & Mrs. Lester H. 500 W. Franklin St. Harrisonburg, Va. 33 Willway Road 114 Maple Ave. Richmond 20, Va. Richmond 26, Va. Millar, Volunta Kump Martinsburg, W. Va. Newlon, Howard H. Reichlein, Mr. & Mrs. Daniel 0. 1602 Valley Mill Road Route 1, Box 53 Winchester, Va. 1213 Augusta St. R Charlottesville, Va. Roy, Washington Miller, Dr. G. Tyler Nickel, Miss Elsie A. Reid, Mrs. Blancline Madison College Rachal, Wm. M. E. 123 E. Westchester 1009 W. Main Street Harrisonburg, Va. 428 N. Riv

Richardson, Mrs. Mabel L. Schmidt, Mrs. Ernest Smith, Claude H. Stuart, Mrs. Baron M. Rt. 1, Box 866 2266 Oaklawn Drive Rt. 4, Box 153A 912 W. 14th Street Woodbridge, Va. Decatur, Illinois Culpeper, Va. Portales, N. M. 88130 Richwine, Mrs. Etta Weaver Scull, Mrs. Jackson Smith, Mr. & Mrs. C. V. Surbaugh, Drexel V. 3306 Rittenhouse 115 Paseo Enclinal 845 S. High Street East Rainelle, W. Va. Wash;ngton, D. C. 20015 San Anton'o, Texas 78212 Harrisonburg, Va. Swartz, Miss M. Alberta Riddel, Miss Pearle V. Seaman, Wayne D. Smith, Floyd W. Presbyterian Home 271 Grattan St. P. 0. Box 157 5713 Heming Ave. 58th & Greenway Ave. Harrisonburg, Va. Waycross, Georgia Springfield, Va. Philadelphia 43, Pa. Rigby, Mrs. James See, Herman (S. S. Teacher) Smith, Grant Jennings Swem, Dr. Earl Gregg 309 E. Piedmont St. P. 0. Box 501 210 Burlington Road 2421 Glenmary Culpeper, Va. Winchester, Va. Princess Anne, Va. Louisville, Ky. Roberts, Dr. & Mrs. D. R. Searcy, Mrs. J. K. Smith, Mr. & Mrs. Robt. H. Switzer, Hon. Frank C. Prospect at Elm 2009 Upland Street Manassas, Virginia 311 Paul Street Elkins, W. Virginia Arlington, Va. 22207 Socld, Mrs. Anthony J. Harrisonburg, Va. Roberts, Mrs. Ruth Spain Seibel, Mrs. Marshall 15 Page Street Switzer, Mr. & Mrs. G. Freel P. 0. Box 365 7530 Westmoreland Toledo 10, Ohio P. 0. Box 352 Winfield, Alabama St. Louis 5, Missouri Spence, Mrs. Audrey K. Harrisonburg, Va. Robertson, Hon. A. Willis Seitz, Jennie Garvey 1050 Spring Street Switzer, Mr. & Mrs. J. Robert U. S. Senate Office Bldg. 2934 N. W. Oak Riclge Ave. Vvytheville, Virginia 95 Campbell St. Washington, D. C. Roseburg, Oregon Spillman, Mr. & Mrs. Wm. A. Harrisonburg, Va. Rogers, Elizabeth K. Shinn. Mrs. Milton Brandy Station, Va. VA Center Adm. 28 Prospect Ave. Spilman, Mr. & Mrs. Louis T Martinsburg, W. Va. Plainfield, N. J. P. 0. Box 747 Rosenberger, Francis C. Simpson, Mrs. Virginia L. Waynesboro, Va. Taliaferro, Lucy N. 509 Fontaine St. 1565 Mt. Eagle Place Spilman, Robert S. Monroe Terrace Alexandria, Virginia Alexandria, Virginia P. 0. Box 273 Richmond 20, Va. Rouse, Mrs. Robert M. Slaughter, Hon. D. French, Jr. Charleston, W. Va. Taylo1·, Mrs. Vv. W. 13 W. Lakeside Ave. 135 Davis Street Staats, Nell M. 605 Mississippi Ave. S. Fort Mitchell, Ky. Culpeper, Virginia 720\lz Idaho Street Signal Mountain, Tenn. Slimp, Horace B. Boise, Idaho Tetrick, Mrs. Guy W. 260 Taft Blvd. Stanley, Mr. & Mrs. B. L. 271 Clay Street s San Antonio 11, Texas Cantrell Avenue Clarksburg, W. Va. Smart, Mrs. Clarice Randall Harrisonburg, Va. Thompson, Mrs. Dale M. Sanders, Betty J. 1907 Buena Vista Stark, Mrs. Thomas 221 •West 48th Street Apt. 1015 Alameda, California Ceclarow Farm Regency House, Apt. 1402 4000 Tunlaw Rd, N.W. Smart, Mrs. John A. Amelia, Virginia Kansas City 12, Mo. Washington 7, D. C. Route 1, Scottsville Rel. Starke, Aubrey H. Thompson, Dr. Edward M. Schleicher, Rev. Johannes Charlottesville, Va. 3011 Dumbarton Ave., N.W. 140 Sioux Trail, Indian Hills 120 West Avenue Smith, Miss Agnes Lee Washington 7, D. C Frankfort, Kentucky Reedsburg, Wisconsin 53959 814 •W. Mulberry St. Steadman, Rev. Melvin Lee, Jr. Thompson, ··Mrs. J. Neil Schleifenbaum, Reinold Kokomo, Indiana P. 0. Box 85 308 E. Allen Street Rubensstrasse 6 Smith, Mrs. Ara W. Gainesville, Va. Lancaster, Ohio Westfale, Siegen, Germany Culpeper, Va. Stearns, Mrs. John Thompson, Mrs. Thomas C., Jr. Schinham, Mrs. Jan P. Smith, Carlisle F. 1930 Barracks Roacl 116 East & 'vVest Road P. 0. Box 408 506 Main Street Charlottesville, Va. Lookout Mountain, Tenn. Chapel Hill, N. C. Knoxville, Illinois PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 72 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION 73

Tincher, Kerry E. Waller, Mrs. Virginia L. Whitescarver, K. T. Witty, Joseph S. Rainelle, W. Va. P. 0. Box 776 1210 Kenmore Ave. 4609 Robinhood Drive Tips, Col. Charles R. Lebec, California 93243 Fredericksburg, Va. Waco, Texas 1312 S. Ervay Ware, Miss Helen Penrose Whitescarver, Furman, Jr. Wolfersberger, J. Julian Dallas 16, Texas P. 0. Box 501 126 Taylor Ave. 5010 N. 27th Street Trenary, Mrs. Francis Blackwell Orange, Virginia Salem, Virginia Arlington, Virginia "Erwin" Rt. 2, Box SO Waters, Mrs. Hinton W., Jr. Wilhoit, Rex Wolverton, Mr. & Mrs. Carl S. Front Royal, Virginia 3233 Bankhead Ave. 7501 Jackrabbit Lane 4322 N. Carlin Spring Road Tuckwiller, William D. Montgomery, Alabama Scottsdale, Arizona Arlingto_n, Virginia 209 S. Jefferson St. Watson, Miss Helen C. Williams, Mrs. Daisy H. B. Woolf, Mrs. Donald 0. Lewisburg, W. Va. 125 N. McKinley Street P. 0. Box 23 5001 Mass. Ave., N.W. Henderson, Kentucky Manassas, Virginia Washington, D. C. 20016 Wayland, Dr. Francis Fry Williams, Eddie Wust, Klaus G. u 25 Occident Ave. 292 Campbell St. 1915 North Troy Street Staten Island 4, N. Y. Harrisonburg, Va. Arlington, Virginia Utterback, Noble W. Wayland, Freel Gibson Willis, Mrs. Eugene Y. 157-A, Rt. 1 Warrenton, Va. Remington, Va. y Franklin, Indiana Wayland, Dr. & Mrs. John T. Willis, Mrs. Lelia Spotswood Utz, Mr. & Mrs. Charles A. 302 Rock Spring Road 509 West St. Yager, Miss Hope Gordonsville, Virginia Wake Forest, N. C. Culpeper, Virginia 1907 Whitis Avenue Utz, Mr. & Mrs. M. H. Wayland, Dr. & Mrs. John W. Wilson, Ruby J. Austin 5, Texas Brightwood, Virginia 53 Weaver Avenue Route 1 Yancey, Mr. & Mrs. Price Utz, Mr. & Mrs. Robert L. Harrisonburg, Va. Scenery Hill, Penna. R. D. 3, Box 1-A Route 1 Wayland, J. Walter Wireman, Mrs. William Culpeper, Virginia Gordonsville, Virginia 3406 Cameron Mills Road 1633 Ocean Shore Blvd. Young, F. •Colston Alexandria, Virginia Ormond Beach, Fla. 5818 Meadowoocl Road Wayland, Thomas Gantt Wise, Miss Holly L. Baltimore, Maryland V Warrenton, Virginia 106 West 5th Street Yowell, Mr. & Mrs. Claude L. V Portageville, Missouri Vann, Mr. & Mrs. Eugene E. v eaver, Earl Madison, Virginia 5020 Sylvan Road Brightwood, Va. Richmond, Virginia Weaver, E. Y. Vasilopus, Mrs. Ruby Ely Culpeper, Va. SIEGEN FOREST 1102 Mound Weaver, J. Stanton Winfield, Kansas 1Wash:ngton, Virginia The Corporation owns 270 acres, Via, Mrs. Harold A. Weaver, Maj. Robt. T. "Siegen Forest", of the original 2 Clarke Court Apts. 7370 Flt. Svc. Sqn., Box 1545 Germanna Tract. The acquisition of Charlottesville, Va. this property was made possible by A PO 57, New York, N. Y. the generosity of one of the trustees \,Vhite, Nancy H. of the Foundation. 606 N. 8th Ave. w By authority of the Virginia Kelso, Washington State Highway Commission, issued Walker, Mrs. W. B. White, Mrs. R. M. (Edith D.) March 26, 1959, Virginia Route 3 5026 Sylvan Road from Culpeper to Fredericksburg 153 Cherokee Park has been designated GERMANNA Lexington, Ky. Richmond 25, Va. HIGHWAY. This highway bor­ \,\Taller, Mrs. George F. Whitehouse, Mrs. Lucile Dawes ders Siegen Forest and traverses Hell Mountain, Rt. 2 304 Holiday Road the area where the first colony of 1714 was settled by Governor Lebanon, N. J. Lexington, Ky. Spotswood. PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 75

MR. ERNST W. FLENDER Mr. Flender was horn in Siegen, Germany, in 1888. After completing his studies in Germany, Switzerland, France, and England, Mr. Flender came to New York in 1915, and shortly thereafter founded the Argentine Trading Co., wh1ich devoted itself to export to South America. Following \iVorld Vlar I, Mr. Flender accepted a re­ sponsible position with the private banking firm of C. B. Richards and Co., of New York City. rising rapidly to gen­ eral manager of the firm in 1923, and to managing partner in 1925. Gradually liquidating most of the banking divisions, he then built up the investment division and Stock Exchange business. In 1956 he became a limited partner, and in 1964 went into full retirement. Mr. Flender's family consists of his wife, Mrs. Emily Gallagher Flender, whom he married in 1928, and three children-two sons, and a daughter, now Mrs. Robert vV. \Vebber. Mr. Flender's close association with our Germanna story has been of inestimable value. His genuine interest ac­ counts, in large measure, for the founding of the Germanna Memorial Foundat'ion in 1956. for the prompt implementa­ tion of effective planning, for the acquisition of Siegen For­ est (home-site ,of the German immigrants), and for the pro­ mot'ion of research that resulted in our Memorial Volume. "Ancestry and Descendants of the Nassau-Siegen Immigrants to Virginia, 1714-1750." Mr. Flender's generosity has been motivated solely by MR. ERNST W. FLENDER personal satisfaction arising from assurance that the first home-site of his national kinsmen from Nassau-Siegen is be­ BUSINESS PROMOTER, INVESTMENT BANKER ing preserved and gradually restored, and that expert assist­ FTN ANCE ADMINISTRATOR, DJ SCERNJNG PHILANTHROPIST ance is being made available to descendants in tracing their ancestry back to the pioneers of Germanna and Germantown. The trustees of the Germanna Foundation. the member­ ship, and espec'ially the president of the organization. Dr. Charles Herbert Huffman, are deeply appreciative and most grateful for Mr. Flender's personal interest. for his mature counsel, and for his continual promotion and generous sup­ port of the purpose and objectives of the organization. 76 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 77

LIFE MEMBERSHIP ROSTER Dr. Edwin Hemphill ...... Richmond, Virginia Dr. and Mrs. Benj. C. Holtzclaw ...... Richmond, Virginia The Board of Directors has decreed that Life Member­ Mr. and Mrs. Jack G. Holtzclaw ...... Richmond, Virginia ship in the Germanna Memorial Foundation shall be attain­ Dr. and Mrs. Charles H. Huffman Harrisonburg, Virginia ed 1) by payment of the established fee of $100; 2) by con­ Rev. and Mrs. J. vVade Huffman ... Hagerstown, Maryland tinuous and regular service as Trustee; and 3) by special Mr. John M. Jennings .... Richmond, Virginia service performed, upon official invitation, at unveiling and Dr. and Mrs. Constantine Kemper ...... Denver, Colorado dedicatory functions. Honorary Life Membership is granted Mr. and Mrs. Hathaway G. Kemper ...... Chicago, Illinois upon the nomination, election, and invitation of the Board of Mr. and Mrs. James M. Kemper Kansas City, Missouri Directors. By decree of the Board, both husband and wife Mr. and Mrs. James Scott Kemper .. Chicago, Illinois (or w'ife and husband) shall be deemed a unit in their af­ Dr. and Mrs. Amos R. Koontz Baltimore, Maryland filiation with the ,organization. Mr. James W. Koontz, II ...... Balt1imore, Maryland Dr. \iVarren \IV. Koontz ...... Lynchburg, Virginia Hon. and Mrs. Lindsay Almond ...... Richmond, Virginia Mr. Alfred Luck ...... Siegen, Germany Mr. Samuel Bem1iss ...... Richmond, Virginia Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. McDonnell ...... Youngstown, Ohio Dr. and Mrs. Howard Benchoff ...... Vv oodstock, Virginia Mr. and Mrs. Edgar Payne Martin Lignum, Virginia Mr. and Mrs. C. Ralph Briles ...... Asheville, N. Carolina E. P. Martin Lumber Company L1ignum, Virginia Hon. and Mrs. Harry F. Byrd, Sr. .. Berryville, Virginia Mr. James E. Martin Lignum, Virginia Dr. Lester J. Cappon ...... \iVillriamsburg, Virginia Mr. and Mrs. Wm. H. Martin Culpeper, Virginia Prof. and Mrs. Delma R. Carpenter ...... Salem, Virginia Mr. Paul Mellon Upperville, V1irginia Mr. and Mrs. Harvey Carpenter ...... Mitchells, Virginia Dr. G. Tyler Miller Harrisonburg, Virginia Mr. and Mrs. Jesse B. Carpenter, Sr...... Culpeper, Virginia Mr. and Mrs. J. J. Myers Fredericksburg, Virginia Mr. and Mrs. 0. F. Carpenter ...... Brightwood, Virginia Dr. and Mrs. Arthur Vl. Newell Richmond, V1irginia Dr. and Mrs. W. I. Carpenter ...... Norfolk, Virginia Mr. and Mrs. Marshall Jett Payne Arlington, Virginia Major Henry B. Cockrell ...... Arlingt·on, Virginia Mr. and Mrs. H. Marvin Pearson .... Remington, Virginia Mr. and Mrs. Dallas Coons ...... Richmond, Virginia Mr. \i\Talter Potter Culpeper, Virginia Mrs. Ona Martin Ellis ...... Jeffersonville, Indiana Mr. Wm. M. E. Rachal Richmond, Virginia Judge Alvin T. Embrey Fredericksburg, Virginia Dr. and Mrs. L. E. Rector Seattle, \i\Tashington Dr. and Mrs. Robert F. Estes ...... Orange, Virginia Mr. John Rodgers Culpeper. Virginia Mr. and Mrs. Trammel Fishback . Harrisonburg, Virginia Mr. Reinold Sc·hleifenbaum Siegen, Germany Mr. Emil Flender Siegen, Germany Mr. Wayne D. Seaman vVaycross, Georgia Mr. and Mrs. Ernest V-./. Flender ...... New York, New York Mr. and Mrs. Louis Spilman \i\Taynesboro, Virginia Dr. and Mrs. S. L. Flickinger . Intermont, \iV. Virginia Rev. and Mrs. Border Stanley .. Harrisonburg, Virginia Hon. and Mrs. Mills E. Godwin Richmond, Virginia Dr. Earl G. Swem \iVi)liamsburg, Virginia Mr. and Mrs. James \V. Green ...... Orange. Virginia Hon. and Mrs. Frank C. Switzer . Harrisonburg, Virginia Mrs. Frances R. Grattan Harrisonburg, Virginia Mr. and Mrs. Charles A. Utz ...... Gordonsville, Virginia Mr. and Mrs. Vv. Burton Guy . . Baltimore, Maryland Prof. and Mrs. Claude L. Yowell Culpeper, Virginia Dr. and Mrs. \.Voodford B. Hackley ...... Richmond, Virginia Hon. and Mrs. Albertis Han, other and that is the word inspiring. I was del'ighted to be :§. there ... . Liking history as I do I count the day as one ....- 1/l of the happiest ones of my life .... " � 0 r:,:., "I did not see or hear a mosquito, fly, or other flying or crawling object at Germanna. It was the nicest outdoor V! picnic I ever attended." u3 .s "We enjoyed the meeting at the Germanna Reunion very 'Cl ...; much, and will try to attend in future years. I am enclosing -V � ..c: IllV a check in the amount of $100 and our Life Membership ap­ �" V 0 0.... plication card with address." '§ � 1-oV ·� V .... .0 * German immigrants usually came to America in firmly united fam'ly Ill ...... 0 groups. This phenomenon enables experts toclay to estimate that one

:.;::V .._. � in six Americans can trace all or part of his ancestry to them.

� 'j8. GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART I-THE FIRST DECADE 81 80

GREETINGS AND CONGRATULATIONS* purest type. It is this qual•ity of character that they brought with them from their native Siegen and environs to their As you meet each other today on this festive occasion - new life in America. The first colony arrived here at Ger­ each at the end of a long line of distinguished ancestors - manna in April, 1714. The first was followed by others of you are no doubt keenly aware of pent-up emotions - emo­ like character and purpose in 1717 and in 1719. tfons that often were felt but were never fully expressed. It The second cornerstone may appropriately be named is with deep humility, therefore, that I greet you as mem_bers skill and craftsmanship. The 'invitation to come to America and friends of The Memorial Foundation of the Germanna was first extended only to such as were endowed by nature Colonies in Virginia, and congratulate you upon the success­ and by training with sound knowledge and superior skill of ful completion of this fir::;t step toward the realization of your hand and brain. Their specialty was iron ore mining and cherished hopes. Perhaps your greetings are spoken for the metallurgy. We are confronted today with the assertion, first time here among kindred spirits in honor and in memory displayed in almost every magazine, "Only steel can do so of forefathers who, nearly two and a half centuries ago, came many jobs so well." But specific processes which made this to this spot of the New World and brought with them from development possible were unknown in America in the early the Old culture of mind :end skill of hand. Gratefully and 18th century. Indeed such were not well understood among pridefully you join in the chorus, "I'm truly happy to greet Englishmen until these skilled craftsmen arrived and ex­ you here - here at Germanna where our forefathers, bound plained the science. The initial stages were undertaken here inseparably by ties of family, language, vocation, and re­ under able leadership from Siegen, Germany. Today iron ligious tenets - first built their homes, and where they lived and steel constitute one of the basic factors of our national and worked and worshipped together. economy. The primary purpose of a foundation is to support the The third cornerstone of the Foundation is independence superstructure. If the building is to be a beautiful one, of religious and political ideals. Here at Germanna our fore­ meaningful and enduring, and if it is to mellow gracefully fathers established the first organized congregation in Amer­ with the passage of time, the foundation must be laid care­ ica of the German Reformed Church. This deliberate act on fully and well. Our Memorial Foundation, we are persuaded, their part, in vi,olation of precedent and established practice, does rest upo:1 a solid footing. The four cornerstones are was not so simple and easy as it is today. Indeed it was the enduring verities, shall we say, that were bequeathed to a bold and daring venture, owing to the intolerant and gen­ descendants, yes, but more broadly still, bequeathed to all erally host'ile attitude of the Established Church toward other the peoples of this nation. religious sects. But despite such obstacles and deterrents The first one of these four verities that lie at corners of they proceeded to conduct their worship according to their the Memorial Foundation let us denominate courage. In the custom and ritual, once each week day and twice each Sun­ summer of 1713 a small band of enterprising persons, num­ day. The blockhouse, which was intended only as a protec­ bering in all about forty, got together and entered into a tion against attacks of hostile Indians, they used as a house solemn compact. Briefly, they agreed among themselves to for worship. It has always seemed to me significant and in­ turn their backs on home, friends, relatives, and Fatherland, deed a bit ironical that this provision which Governor Spots­ and turn their faces westward by accepting the invitation, wood made for imminent war they made use of for perma­ then in their hands, to come to America. This momentous nent peace. So far as is known our colonies were never at­ decision required a quality of courage of the highest and tacked by the natives, nor were they ever molested by them. They took no part in the entangled web of politics with * By Dr. Charles Herbert Huffman, President of the Foundation. religion, the prevailing mode then in Colonial Virginia. True, 82 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOlUNDATION :B .� they were not missionaries for their faitth and form of wor­ s::

ship, but in the matter of religious freecdom they did assert ·BnS ..."' their independence. They desired to wo)rship as they chose t) > i i:: w thout let or hindrance from others. Reesenting interference 0 from others, they scrupulously avoided fProvol<'ing the suspi­ u cil cion and ·displeasure of others. In the ] practice of their re­ ·5 ligious tenets, t·o paraphrase Mr. B. gj> "They drew their furrer stratight 8 And into nobody's tater patclh poked." '"O 1 1a Thus it is evident that they were not granted toleration. s:: They won it. And thus it occurred, too, ,antedating by a half .9..... nS .... century or more Jefferson's statute for R:eligious Freedom in X "' nS t Virginia, they i onstrated po nted the way and de1m by their -�� 0 i example the feasibility of complete separ:at on of church and >, s:: - t) y. t) bl) state, a common heritage, dear to us toda1 ... t) ;j •N i y • "' rn Let us call the fourth ver ty Democcracy. It is certain 'i) that a calm, even-tempered, and exemplatry democratic spirit � .5 ... s ,d thought. • t) wa the controlling force of their life an In 1719 u') s:: IO S:: ody of i 0, •N or 1720 the first colony patented a large b) land n what - '"O is now Fauquier County, moved there an1d founded German­ �• ·a u town on Licking Run. The cost of this i:)urchase was shared -.;:l.a u equally, and then the immense tract of 18(()0 acres was divided t) 1a· into twelve equal parts, one part going by, lot to each family. '"O ,£j '"O i ge, their church and ·� Here their grist m ll, iron furnace and for: � 1a ]here school were community projects. And they practiced, t) 8 i i alism a w th balanced emphasis on each, ndividtu nd the gen­ � eral welfare, an exhibition, if you will, of our future De­ :0 8 Ill p. mocracy at work § cil eirta .0 Today. then, we lay claim to our Jh ge - to their ...8 u 0 democratic ideals. their quiet, unobtn1sive independence, ·c 4-( 0 t) their efficient craftsmanship, t1d to thei r indomitable cour­ a .lii ,£j age - and we freely appropriare these v,eri ties and proclaim ..c:t) � 0 our use of them as cornerstones of the Foundation, estab­ ..c:.... -_ s:: .2 lished to their memory and promoted i t1 their honor. But 0 Ill t) concurr-ently we admonish ourselves that the enduring struc­ � � ture is yet to be built. Upon greeting each other today as �5 ni

members and friends of The Memorial Foundation of the s:: • "' rd "'rn Germanna Colonies Virginia, ler it be said sincerely that this > t) ....>, •N > first Reunion is our book of beginnings £tnd our story with- Cf.l � t) out end. {' "' - �:::i ·-�S::]..., �....V � � .!S V 1l � > ·;;; E PART II . , .5 "' E §. � � ·- .... ::s QJ QJ o'"Cl EPISODE 1 §E-< ..C: CU V .... cu"!tl E s:: <.) EMIGRANTS FROM THE HOMELAND .!=;.::.0 s � ]8 � TO THE NEW WORLD .... "''"Cl V U V .... 1-< '"Cl. ::s '+-I0 ...... C/l o.. °' .....o c.i:: .....r.JJ ment of the Memorial Foundation in 1956, but neither one of 1"""'I ..c:: '°' 0 J:l� the three was directly connected with the others, or with the 1"""'I ro"' +-I 0 tn Foundation. Each was a complete distinct unit, removed -= s:: from the others •in time and space. However, each was con­ �::s ...... - 0. ..c:u � of "Little Sir Echo" passed from the earliest event of the � series to succeeding ones, seemingly "Lest 'vVe Forget." The

� �"' t, QJ' s:: . .... "CS m earliest enquiry about the pioneers came out of the Home­ V '"C) '-< CU . .E b.O"' land, in April of 1927. :0 ....Ei u E - C S:: V � ....VJ .�.... 0 ,· sorry I would not know ho; to locate the ti E ·a .o -:.i . papers." � .bl)'"C)'"Clv;:l -·b.Ov- ;::....s::'"Cl � t ..... 00<.) "tj ..... b.O S:: ·

V V ..d "'O quickly located copies of two letters, which proved to be ..., . 1/J Vvashington ]·� iE 6 0 6 Permit us to approach your Excellency with the fol­ 8 lowing request: ...: 0 �..., .... i::: Our protestant church community of Miisen cele­ .s ._g brates on June 26th of this year the 300th anniversary >. .E ...0 ·-... of its existance, and we are publishing a pamphlet for ·�- 1=0 this occasion. Since, 200 years ago, 12 miners from ..d u 1/J V Miisen emigrated to America, to the State of Virginia .-::: ..c: and founded there the town of Germanna which is in ....0 "'O V ruins today, we like to retain also this incident in the �� cd u book of our hometown. Since we know from American f � V sources that the first blast furnace which those settlers -� � have built in America is still standing in that place, we � g would be extremely thankful to your Excellency, if you ..c:..., ·u cd st" . 0 ...... could obtain for us a photograph of that cultural monu­ 0"" b.O.,..,.... ment. V J::: ..d e,V · ­ > 'Ne believe that we are doing a deed of cultural ..., & ]-:;; § ·c: value by publishing this book and that we thus promote .E ·;;;rl . ... The Evangelical Church Community of i::: 0 li'n "' 6 ·­ Miisen, in Westphalia i::: V 6 C: V Signed: Rev. Heider V 6 ..., c.:, -� rd Signed: Major (retir�d) Fritz Klein s::· ,£i ,£i V '+< 1/J � 0 � ::s ·- 1<:! 6 ""'If! II) rd u .... u >. 51 .0 88 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART II-ANTECEDENT EPISODES 89

Report of the State Conservation upper floor was used by the superintendant or as storage and Development Commission. depot. The entrance to the depot was from a rock­ Richmond, Virginia, June 2, 1927 terrace which is just visible from the right corner of the His Excellency Harry F. Byrd first photograph. Mr. Willis cla·ims that a number of Governor of Virginia buildings and the mill had still been standing in 1862, Richmond that he, himself, had helped to bring the pmvisions out Virginia of the mill, which had been set on fire, 1862, for military reasons, together with the other buildings of the town. The enck>sed set of photographs was made by the Another of the photographs represents the old Photographer Cooke under my supervision the 24th and wooden buildings, which is called Spottswood House. 25th day of May. They represent what is known as the Spotswood house on the Germanna plantation; the spot on which the former town of Germanna, situated on the Rapid Ann River, about 10 miles north-west of Chan­ cellorsville had been errected; and the Spotswood Mine and foundry, s1ituated about 10 miles east of Germanna and 5 miles north of Chancellorsville, on a place which is known today as "The Wilderness". The spot, on which the town Germanna stood, is identical with the posit i,on as marked on the military map of 1862 of the United States, on the bend of the Rapid Ann River, directly above the bridge which today crosses the river on the road from Culpeper to Fred­ er

shows the same two chimneys, taken from the heigth ..::.. ..,,d.llh.l d':-.·:, ,-;.. u \··�· it ( H1 �1,L.·.,. h'tl lrtt!',1 � i,! I of the terrace, from another side. Just above the bridge and opposite the spot where the above mentioned first The ruins of this old house mark the site 'bf the five-sided fort which photograph was taken can be found the foundation walls stood nearby, inside which were the "nine houses all in a line," and in the exact center of the fort the five-sided blockhouse to match the five sides of of the building of which Mr. Marion W'iilis, Sr. of Fred­ the great enclosure. It is generally assumed that it was to this "Enchanted ericksburg said that it is the old mill and storage depot. Castle" that the Cavalier, Ex-Governor Spotswood, brought hii, bride, Anne He claims that it was a three-story bu1ilding. The mill Butler Brayne, about 1724, and in which the Spotswood family lived until the was supposed to have been in the ground floor and the Colonel's death in 1740. (Photo by Mr. J. R. Horseley in 1927. Demolished about 1932.) 90 GE]{MANNA MEMO]{IAL FOUNDATION PART II-ANTECEDENT EPISODES 91

The close-up of the house was taken from the westside, dam and a millpond in the river from which perhaps near the old garden, whose Aowerbeds are clearly visible water and power were taken to work the furnace. above the terrace. This house is built almost entirely Only a few remains stand from the furnace, most of from cut beams which are united by tenons and fastened it has crumbled off. The photograph shows on two sides with wooden plugs. The boards below the plaster are what apparently has been an octagonal rick. Ashes and split and nailed together again with iron nails. The signs of fire on the walls are still clearly visible. All house is situated on an elevation which slopes down in th� ruins were covered with weeds and had to be cleared all directions, with sharply cut terraces on the front side, from the overgrown plants before the photographs could which slope towar,ds the lower table land (mesa). The be made. The same thing was true for the mine en­ house stands in an open field. about half of a mile south trance, which •is almost filled with loose dirt and stones. of the town Germanna and has a view over the river. Inside of the entrance the wall and the vault are still The entrance used to be on the south side and had con­ standing. nections with the road to Culpeper that still exists. Mr. Further information concerning the history of these Willis said that the back of the house, in the form of a places will be obtainable from Dr. Eckenrode. T, had been errected comparatively recently; That the I hope that the short descript'ion of the topography original house, which he knew as a boy, is the two-story of these places will serve as explanation for the photo­ front part. It seems probable from the structure of the graphs. house that the original house had only one story with a Sincerely ground floor or cellar, and that a second floor was added Signed: J. R. Horsley, later. Mr. Willis also said, that the old inn used to Field Assistant. stand on a steep hill on the north side of the river to the JRH/F right of the bridge and just below the old ford. Now a house stands on the spot where the inn used to be. The mine and the foundry can be reached from the Addenda old mining road and are situated about one fourth of a mile above the ford of the river. An old mill is standing The colonists of Germanna came in the year 1714 from a short stretch below this ford. The mine and the England and reached Virgin'ia before the 28th of April 1714. smelting furnace lie a hundred feet apart on the west­ During the summer of the same year they errected the town side of the river, against the side of a steep hill. A wide of Germanna. There were first 13 houses and one log-house. terrace has been cut into the side of the hill, above the The inhabitants counted apparently SO heads. In the year entrance to the mine. A big pile ,of dross is still lying 1717 a further number of Germans arrived and the town near the smelting furnace on the westside of the river, grew constantly until 1720. The colonists from Siegen went and a second pile of cinders is lY'ing on the eastside. from Germanna to Germantown. probably in the year 1720 Just above the furnace, on the same level with the ter­ or 1721. Germantown was situated at that time in the coun­ race is a pile of marl or oyster shells which apparently ty of Stafford, later Prince \i\Tilliam county and still later in were used as lime in the melting process of the ore. Fanquier County. Where the mining road runs into the Rappahannock The mine and the foundry near Chancellorsville (13 River, there is a spot called "Shell Bank", from where miles from Germanna) seem to have been worked ()nly for apparently the marl or shell-lime were taken. Above the a short time by the Siegener Germans. Later on they were reach of the mine and the furnace there are traces of a taken over by other Germans. \tVilliam Byrd made his 92 GERMANNA MEMOlUAL FOUNDATION PART II-ANTECEDENT EPISODES 93

famous visit to the mines in the year 1732. At that time sent to this site an official of the State and obtained the various other melting furnaces were found in Virginia. photographs desired. I enclose the photographs, together with a letter and other explanatory information, and I trust these will COPY serve the purpose of Herr Heider. \Vith best wishes, I am June 3, 1927 Cordially yours, [ Harry Flood Byrd, Governor] Mr. J. R. Horsley, Conservation & Development Commission, Richmond, Virginia. COPY

Dear Rolfe: June 20, 1927.

I thank you for your letter of June 2, enclosing Mr. E. 0. Fippin, Secretary, photographs of the Spotswood Mine Furnace, and I am Conservation & Development Commission, sending these on to the Secretary of State for trans­ Richmond, Virginia. mission to Germany. If this is the first ore furnace built' in Virginia it might be well to give this to the news­ Dear Mr Fipprin: papers, as it is most interesting. W1ith best wishes, I am I know you will be interested, as well as Mr. Hors­ Cordially yours, ley, in the attached letter from the Secretary of State, [Harry Flood Byrd, Governor] expressing his appreciation for the information with re­ spect to the settlement known as Germanna. \i\Tith best wishes. I am COPY Cordially yours, rHarry Flood Byrd, Governor} June 3, 1927.

Hon. Frank B. Kellogg, American Consular Service Secretary of State American Consulate \i\Tashington, D. C. 83 Kaiser Friedrich Ufer. Cologne, Germany

My dear Mr. Secretary: July 11th 1927

In reference to your letter of May 11, File FA- Rev. He1inrich Heider, 811.412/216, enclosing letter from Heinrich Heider, a Musen, Kr. Siegen in \i\Testphalia. priest of Siegen, \i\Testphalia, Germany, requesting photo­ graphs of a structure built by German immigrants early The consulate received a communication from the in the 18th Century, I take pleasure in advising that I State Department in Washington, according to which 94 GER.MANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART II-ANTECEDENT EPISODES 95

the latter had obtained from the ·white House the cor­ American Consular Service respondance which you had directed to the President of American Consulate the United States and in which you express the desire 83 Kaiser Friedrich Ufer, Cologne, Germany to have in connection with the 300 year anniversary of your hometown some photographs made of the buildings July 14th 1927 which have been errected in the 18th century by German Immigrants coming from your town. Rev. Heinrich Heider, Miisen, The State Department has sent to the consulate a Dr. Siegen in Westphalia. number of photographs which permit a good view of the buildings errected by these immigrants and of the agri­ Reference is made to the letter of July 11th 1927, cultural surroundings. At the same time the consulate rn which the consulate informed you that a communica­ received commentaries to these photos which are being tion had been received from the State Department in translated at present and after completion of the trans­ vVashington, according to which a number of photo­ lati.Jn will be sent to you. graphs of an old settlement, founded by Germans from The Consulate is sending you this information due Siegen, in the American Colony of Virginia, had been to the fact that the date of your anniversary celebrat1ion sent as well as commentaries of this settlement. has passed already according to your inform:ttion. The I am happy to be able to send these photographs consulate believes however that you will find the com­ to you and I hope that they may be of value to you and mentaries which are being translated at present, of great­ the members of your community, and that they can be est interest and that you can make use of them in your used for the planned chronicle whose publication you intended publication. Therefore the consulate is sending are preparrng. you this advanced information in the hope that it might The Consulate wants to mention for your informa­ be possible for you to postpone your publication until tion that the State Department has forwarded to the you receive the above ment'ioned material from the con­ Honorable Governor of Virginia your request addressed sulate. to the President of the United States immediately after It is regrettable that the passing on of the material rece1v111g it. His Excellency, the Governor, was so kind has been delayed due to the fact that the letter you as to fulfill your wishes immediately and to order the addressed to the President has not been turned over in taking of the photographs under the supervision of the time to the State Department, in order to let you have field assistant, J. R. Horsley of the State Conservation this requested information at an earl·ier date. and Development Commission of Virginia; at the same As mentioned above the consulate will pass on to time a short historical sketch of the town Germanna was you the information, ·which it has in its possession, as written by the director of the archeological and histori­ soon as it is possible. cal department of this state, a Dr. Eckenrode. Sincerely yours The State Department has sent to the Consulate a J. Klahr Huddle copy of the letter from Field Assistant J. R. Horsley of American Consul. the State Conservation and Development Commission of Virginia, and a copy of the historical sketch of Director Dr. Eckenrode. The Consulate takes the opportunity to turn over to you a German translation together with the letters as invoice to this communication. 96 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART II-ANTECEDENT EPISODES 97

You wrote in your letter to the President that you of Virginia as well as the above mentioned Dr. Ecken­ would be glad if libraries in the United States were in­ rode and Horseley for the distinguished and kind manner terested in the chronicle you have published. The State •in which they have received our request. Department informs us that, upon request, it would It is, of course, for our community and our entire gladly take over dispatch of some copies of your hook district of Siegen an extraordinary attraction and of fas­ to the Library of Congress of the United States, which cinating interest and value to receive in such a distin­ in turn can bring this publication to the attention of guished and kind manner a greeting from the new home, other libraries in the United States. which citizens of Mi.isen and Siegen have once founded The Consulate would gladly arrange for this pur­ for themselves in Viirginia and to inspect the historical pose the sending of these copies of your c·hronicle to the traces their work left in their new fatherland. State Department, if this should be agreeable to you. Mi.isen and the district of Siegen (Siegenerland) are The Consulate asks you, however, to inform us, before looking back for about 2700 years of a tracable indus­ sending the copies, if any costs are connected with the trial past; so, it is to us of particularly high value to books, and if so, how high the price of the individual see how our forefathers took this knowledge with them copy will be. to their new home and built the first furnace in America, In consideration of the, for you, so valuable con­ of which we possess the ruins now in photographs. tents of this letter, the Consulate would be thankful if We hope however, that, over there in America, a you would confirm immediately the receipt of this letter. greeting from the old home of those emigrants has Sincerely yours, created the same joy and we believe, that a high cultural J. Klahr Huddle value lies within this exchange of deeply human rela­ American Consul. tions between the old and the new home and that it will serve the thought of peace. Our chronicle is finished and has been printed, i Mi.isen, Kreis Siegen1 in \Vestphalia since we had to keep the date of June 26, 1927. \iVe July 15th 1927 believe that this chronicle will be of value in various ways to American libraries. V.,T e are rnnsidering, how­ To: Mr. J. Klahr Huddle ever, to publish in a separate edition these thoroughly American Consul valuable pictures and commentaries together with a re­ Cologne (Rhine) port about the celebration itself which can easily be at­ Kaiser Friedrich Ufer 83. tached afterwards to the chron•icle. Thus, they still will find full consideration. This much so far as informa­ Being in possession of the photographs of Ger­ tion. \f\T e shall return very soon to the other points of manna which you have kindly sent us by order of the discussion suggested by you. State Department •in \Vashington, as well as the ex­ Sincerely and with the expression of deepest thanks, plaining text which you have kindly translated for us. Heider we want to express our wholehearted and most sincere Minister of the Evangelical thanks in the name of our homet•own as well as the en­ Community of Mi.isen. tire district of Siegen. \l.,Te shall hasten to express our highest admiration as well as sincere thanks to His Ex­ cellency the President and His Excellency the Governor 98 GERMANNA MEMOHIAL FOUNDATION PART II-ANTECEDENT EPISODES 99

"A greet,ing from far away. President Coolidge, who, in turn, turned it over to the State Department. From thence it came to Governor Byrd of Vir­ "Following the suggestion of retired Major Fr. Klein ginia, who gave Dr. Eckenrode the honor of bringing together Dahbruch, we sent a personal letter to president Coolidge, the information requested. It seems the Doctor shared the himself. explaining to him our intentions to publish a honor with Mr. Horsley, who was detailed to get photo­ chronicle on the occasion of the 300 year anniversary cele­ graphs of the remains. The sketch, prepared by Dr. Ecken­ bration of Muesen and asked him to send us kindly some rode, and the photographs, were finally sent to the Hon. J. photographs for our chronicle of the first settlement of those Klahr Huddle, American Consul at Cologne, Germany, who emmigrants (see page 334 of our anniversary-issue.) transmitted them to Muesen, where they now repose, I "\Ve did not hear for a long time what had happened to understand, 1in a museum. our letter. Our book was supposed to be ready on the day Thus three centuries of Muesen history reached a climax of the celebration, June 26, 1927 and had to be published and came to an end in the elaborate celebration of June 26, without those photographs. Finally, beginning of July, the 1927. If the story of the Germanna colony of 1714, com­ Evangelical minister of Miisen received a letter from the posed of families from Muesen and Siegen, had not been American General-Consul, Mr. Huddle, from Cologne. In linked up with the Hometown, obviously the dramatic nar·­ this letter he reported to us that the Department of State rative would have been far fpom complete. In the following in Washington had received from the vVhite House our let­ excerpt from Dr. Hemphill's letter of November 4, 1955 he ter to President Coolidge and that a number of photographs lets us know where to locate full deta,ils of this story. had been sent with suitable commentaries which were still being translated. ''Dear Dr. Huffman: "Very soon wonderful pictures with commentaries in "Your loan has been of distinct service in stimulat­ German arrived, wh1ich told us of the activities of those set­ ing us to make some unexpected discoveries. One of tlers from Miisen and Siegerland in Virginia in 1715. The these is the fact that this library has in its collections a ruins and the landscape of that settlement. long since passed, special copy of the German hook edited by Heinrich as well as the overgrown entrance to the mine and the ruins Heider and entitled Von Kindelsberg/und Martinshardt, of the blast furnace could be seen clearly. published in 1927. The copy is a special one in that it "The governor of Virginia after receiving our letter is a presentation copy inscribed to the late Dr. Hamilton through the State Department had been so kind as to make James Eckenrode by pastor Heider. Dr. Eckenrode the necessary arrangements to fulfill our wish: an assistant presented this volume to this library in 1929. In this at the State Conservation and Development Commission had volume I have been able to find, of course, the original had photographs taken with necessary commentaries. The pages of text and pictures selected, photostated for you director, a Mr.Eckenrode. had written a short historical in­ in Germany.... " troduction. The exchange of letters follows herewith -- -." "\Vith best personal wishes, I am "Yours sincerely, The correspondence which developed this event appears "vV. Edwin Hemphill, Head to have extended over a period of time from late April to History Division" mid July, 1927. So far as I can ascerta;n, the stages of de­ velopment followed this order: The Priest (or pastor) Heiden in Muesen, Germany. made the initial request through the German consul here in Vlashington. He passed it along to 100 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART II-ANTECEDENT EPISODES 101

PART II For the Reformed Church in the United EPISODE II - 1934 States. An Address by President Geo. W. Richards, D.D., LLD., of Eastern Theolog­ "Coming of the Pioneers" ical Seminary. (Subst.: Rev. S. L. Flickin­ ger, D.D., ·winchester, Virginia) In 1934, Orange County celebrated its bi-centennial. The For the Lutheran Church, an address. life of Colonial Virginia in 1734 was revived and again (Speaker to be selected.) visualized 1in elaborate and impressive ceremonies. Appro­ An address by His Excellency, The priate pageantry, expertly planned and directed, continued German Ambassador, \i\Tashington, D. C. four days - Tuesday through Friday. However, twenty years prior to the official enactment of 1734 when Orange The Programme was cut off from Spotsylvania County and form(d into a separate political unit, forty or more imrnigraw,:. from Presiding-Mr. Justice George L. Browning, of the Virginia Nassau-Siegen, Germany, had arrived in Virginia and had Supreme Court of Appeals. been settled in 1714 at a place called Germanna, on the banks Invocation-Dr. J. J. Shearer. of the Rapidan River, then in Essex, later in Spotsylvania Address of vVelcome-Mrs. Granville Gray Valentine, Presi­ County. The new Orange County of 1734 fell heir to this dent of the Virgin'ia Chapter of Colonial Dames region which, since then, has formed the extreme northeast­ of America. ern section of the county. It was, therefore, historically ac­ Address-Germanna in Its Relationship to the Reformed curate and altogether appropriate to feature Germanna in Church in the United States, By Dr. S. L. the bi-centennial pageant as the first settlement within the Flickinger. bounds of Orange County. Address-Germanna in Its Relation to the Lutheran Church. The Official Program for the celebration, prepared by By Rev. John H. Fray. Prof. D. N. Davidson, Supt. of Orange County Public Unveiling the Marker-By descendants of the Rev. John Schools, shows the panorama of incidents grouped into Henry Haeger, pioneer minister. thirteen episodes. The third one was labeled "Germanna," Address-His ExceJlency, Dr. Hans Luther, the Germai1 followed by the sub-title, "The Coming of the Pioneers." Ambassador to the United States, \i\Tashington, Thirty-eight persons - men, women, and young people - D. C. were assigned important roles in this part of the historical Prayer and Benediction-The Rev. A. M. Gluck, D. D., drama. On page 4 of the Official Program, under "Group Mart'insburg, \Vest Virginia. Activities," the directory sets out the following guide lines: This was, indeed, an appropriate and dignified program TUESDAY that was carried out at Germanna on September 25, 1934 - Se]Jtember 25, 1934 one that brought pleasure and enlighte.nment to about 1,000 11 :00 A.M. people who gathered at the Germanna site for the occasion. At Germanna The following excerpts are from the Memorial Ad­ dress by the Rev. S. L. flickinger, D.D., delivered on this The Colonial Dames of America, in the occasion. State of Virginia, Fredericksburg, Commit­ "\Ve have met today at a notable place for a laudi- tee, Hostesses. 102 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART II-ANTECEDENT EPISODES 103

ble purpose. This place, like Jamestown with nothing what we do here and what shall be clone at the Orange left but its beautiful natural setting and earth covered County Bi-centennial of which this Church memori·al is remains of historic houses and homes, is sacred in the a part will be of far reaching importance." memory of the Church and the State. Here brave souls dared harclshi ps, privations and clangers to plant in a But details of festivities such as this one are soon for­ new Janel seeds of devotion and loyalty whose harvest got, however meritorious and memorable they had been on are the good things of America. occasion. The Orange Bi-centennial was no exception. For "The people who fail to remember their fathers and a few, however, one phase of the episode survived, at least mothers will not Jong be remembered by their sons and as a faint echo, which, some years later, issued forth in visi­ daughters. 'A Janel without memory is a Janel without ble form. Revival later may be accounted for in this way. hope.' The character of their memorials is a prophecy of the future of the Church and of the State, therefore

THE BIRTH PLACE f THE FIRST CONGREGATIO Of T11£ REFORMED CHURCH IN THE UNITED STATES

Miss Pauline Hoffman (Mrs. Warren H. Daughtery) left, and Miss Virginia Hoffman (Mrs. Thomas F. Hardesty) right, descendants of the immigrants John Hoffman and Pastor Haeger, unveiled the temporary Dr. J. Silor Garrison, left, and Col. Frank C. Switzer, right, assumed re­ marker at Germanna, September 25, 1934, in the afternoon of the first day sponsibility for the formal program which took place at Germanna, September of the Orange County Bi-centennial celebration. 25, 1934, the first phase of the Orange County Bi-centennial. ' ., 104 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION l:H3 .,-B c.:, ...... ':;j O 0 The chairman, of the committee in charge of the Orange b.O s:: ..!:l"d .5 .!2 bi-centennial requested the historical committee of the Re­ ..c 8 -:;; 0 b.O formed Classis, of which the Rev. J. Silor Garrison, D.D., 8 u ., f/l., ... f/l b.O was chairman, to assist in providing exercises at Germanna, ., Ill ..c::s:: 0 the site of the first settlement in Orange County and site of u., • E-< u s:: • the first regularly organized German Reformed Congrega­ ., "d ;a "'O B ::I ., ::s tion in America. The entire membership of the 1714 colony ro ._a ·E f/l was composed of German Reformed adherents. They had ., (1j s:: b.O 8 0 brought with them their beloved pastor, the Rev. John Henry OS._. ._.OS U - "d Haeger, and their well-trained, experienced schoolmaster, ..c::., -�... Jacob Holtzclaw. T•ogether, with the complement of elders, +' ciJ OS b.O '3 ·as:: b.O John Joseph Martin and John Jacob Rector, the formal or­ .....s:: GJ u f/l +' ... ganization of the first German Reformed Church in America f/l s:: � +J "'Ot ..... r/'J was made complete and stable. Following a scholarly ad­ "d i::Q.... .!:: (1j dress by Rev. S. L. Flickinger, D.D., as part of a memorial f/l- -0l service, a temporary marker was unveiled and dedicated to B § � .!S O 4-1 the memory of the German colonists and in honor of their en U 0 unswavering religious faith. <> OS ] b.O The marker was, indeed, of a temporary character, and -�+' s:: la5 s:: � stood visible for a short time only, but its message prevailed. ::> 0 8... ., ., Moreover, the Rev. Mr. Garrison, responsible for this phase ,£l ., c.:, +' 0 -E of the b·i-centennial festivities, expressed his personal inten­ +' ..... (1j tions and ardent hope concerning it: "A more permanent 0... 0 ...., "d ., ., marker will sometime be erected at this site." He did not � '8 ..c:: � -� C: live long enough to know the consummation of his wishes, ..c 0. .!2 8 ., -:;; but his vision became a reality nineteen years later. For a _... +' N fuller account of this phase of the Orange County Bi-centen­ ...... ::f/l·;:1 ca ...... � b.O rl •..-4 nial, see The History of the Reformed Church in Virginia, .,S: r/'J M :l:8 0 � 1714-1940, pp. 34-39; 465-468. ,..:iE,-< <> 8 f/l ,£j < § � "d .5 :i:: � ..c:: . � � t! ....,:: "'....0 ;j N ..c:: • 8 U >, ... ., "d gva ., ., ..c :::: 8 "d 8 13 � 0. ; ]., ril��-� f/l "" � s:: v rn :i::..... s:: rn ., s:: s:: 8... rd .9 QJ 8 p., c.:, 106 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART II-ANTECEDENT EPISODES 107

PART II will was drawn, and there were at least two daughters, Agnes and Anna Catherine. Agnes was the first wife EPISODE III - 1953 of John Fishback and Anna Catherine was the first wife of John Hoffman. The Rev. Daniel and the Rev. "Mysterious haunts of echoes, old and far, James Hoffman, both of whom ministered in the Val­ The voice divine of human loyalty." - ley of Virginia late in the century, were great grand- George Eliot: The Spanish Gypsy

Late in the summer of 1952 it occurred to a small group of interested persons that those brave pioneers who had ar­ rived in Virginia in April, 1714, and who had been settled by Governor Spotswood on an outpost of civilization, ought to be recognized for what they were and be accorded the honor they deserved. Just as the temporary marker, staked up in 1934, had no longer a foot of ground to stand on, so also these courageous immigrants, ignored and forgotten, had not a niche reserved for them in history, not even in the an­ nals of the contemporary, religious denomination whose tenets, it was well know, they had brought with them. Accordingly, a Promotion Committee composed of Dr. Howard Benchoff, Dr. 0. B. Michael. Col. F. C. Switzer, and Dr. C. H. Huffman, Chm., was organized to collect funds for an appropriate marker of permanent and imposing char­ acter. Funds were easily raised. A massive granite stone was selected and the dimensions and design chosen. During the winter months the project was completed for installa­ tion, unveiling. and dedication. On the smooth, polished sur­ face of one side the names of the heads of the immigrant families were etched: MELCHER BRUMBACK JOHN HOFFMAN JOHN CAMPER (KEMPER) JACOB HOLTZCLAW JOHN CUNTZ (COONS) JOSEPH JOSEPH MARTIN HARMON FISHBACK JOHN JACOB RECTOR JOHN FISHBACK JOHN SPILLMAN TILLMAN WEAVER JOHN HENRY HAEGER The first permanent marker honoring the memory of the Nassau-Siegen PETER HITT (HEIDE) immigrants to Virgin:a was dedicated in the spring of 1953. This granite shaft was unveiled April 26, 1953, by Mr. Jack Gilbert Holtzclaw, a direct It must be remembered that Pastor John Henry Hae­ descendant in the sixth generation of the Germanna pioneer, Jacob Holtzclaw. ger was also head of a family in this colony. His An impressive program, appropriate for the occasion, was presented before a wife was living with him as late as 1732, when his large, appreciative audience. The memorial was erected temporarily on a !eased plot of ground by the side of the highway, but was moved to its present loca­ tion in Siegen Forest in April, 1961. 108 GER.MANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION ·.; > sons of this couple. The Unveiling ceremony took place at the site of Germanna, Sunday, April 26, 1953, at 3 :30 p.m. ] i:: .8 oS An ·interesting and impressive program was prepared u V for the occasion. Th::ise taking part were the Rev. Paul V. � Helm, Jr., Mr. Jack Gilbert Holtzclaw, Dr. C. H. Huffman, V the Rev. J. \i\Tade Huffman, the Rev. Arthur Vl. Newell. and ,£ Dr. John 'vV. \i\Tayland. The attractive, four-page program folder contained a discriptive, historical sketch which con­ M "'en cluded with the following observation: ..... During the six decades of their organized life in Colonial �· Virginia, they contributed immensely to the American way ·;::: of life. First, by their wise and prudent discretion, they <0. won toleration for their religious tenets and thus, unquestion­ cd i::.ri i:: i:: oS ably, showed us the feasibility of complete separation of oS ... 6 -� church and state. This basic contribution antedated by many ... 6 years Jefferson's Statute for Religious Freedom 1in Virginia. 0 .§ ..., i:: Second, by their emphasis upon rugged individualism, tem­ Ill V ..... � pered by sincere interest in the general welfare of all, they i:: -� V Cl.l

befriended by Spotswood through the initial stages of settle­ GERMANNA CHRONOLOGY ment. 1718-The first colony of Germans fulfill their contract and terminate 1714-The first colony is settled at Germanna under the patronage of activities under Governor Spotswood. Governor Alexander Spotswood. 1718-The Gennanna Compact. Heads of the 12 families composing 1714-The place called Germanna is for the first time given a local the first colony come to a unique agreement with each other to habitat:on and a name in Acts of Assembly passed in Colonial be at equal expense in the purchase of their future home site Virginia in 1714. (1800 acres) the same to be divided equally amongst all of the 1715-Within the year following their settlement at Germanna, the partners by lot. immigrants begin mining operations, demonstrating their skill l 720--The Germanna pioneers from Siegen move northward and found as prospectors, assayers, and mentors. Germantown on Licking Run (the 1800-acre site, now in Fau­ 1715-John Fontaine, Clayton, and Beverley visit the village of Ger­ quier County, Virginia.) manna, November 20th and 21st - thus leaving for us the first eye-witness description of the frontier scene. (See scene that follows.) 1716-Spotswood, with John Fontaine and others, leaves Germanna August 29th to cross the Blue Ridge. Wednesday, September 5th they reach the top of the mountain. September 6th they cro3s the river at the foot of the mountain in the Valley oi Virgin:a. Monday, September 10th, the "Knights" arrive back at Germanna. 1717-Experienced workmen from S:egen probably complete the con­ struction of the Spotswood furnace, 13 miles clown the Rapidan from Germanna. 1717-The second colony is settled at or near Germanna, and is thus

cr� ·-<:;LyJ,, ··i--- 4;:f1J!.,,. ..,, -�,,-,--\-- ...... _

THE WEA VER HOUSE. Above the door was the date 1721. This was probably the first house built by the pioneers on their 1,800-acre tract, where they had founded Germantown about 1719-20. For a detailed account of this h'storic event, see Germanna Record, No. 2, "Germantown Restored." 1721-November 7th John Hoffman of the first colony marries Anna Catherine Haeger, daughter of pastor John Henry Haeger. 1721-Germanna becomes the county-seat of -the new county of Spot­ sylvania, and so continues for about ten years. 1722-Spots,Yood makes his home at Germanna, and builds his "En­ chanted Castle" acro3s the street, opposite the nine houses all in a line, described by John Fontaine in 1715, which houses had recently been vacated by families of the first colony who had been sent over by Queen Anne in 1714. 113 112 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART II-ANTECEDENT EPISODES

Hinke, published in the Journal of the Presbyterian Historical 1726----The colony of 1717, residing at or near the village of Ger­ Society, Philadelphia. 1906, two articles on the Germanna Col­ manna, move to the Robinson River section, now in Madison onies in the Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Rich­ County. mond. 1732-September, Col. vVilliam Byrd visits Spotswood at Gennanna, 1907-The History of Orange County, by W. W. Scott, Richmond. and is corcl:ally received in the "Enchanted Castle." At the Much about Germanna. termination of the brief sojourn, together v:sitor and host travel 1914-Genealogy of the Fishback Family, by Willis M. Kemper, New from Germanna 13 miles clown the Rapidan to inspect the Spots­ York. wood iron mines and furnace. 1921-September. 5th address by Armistead C. Gordon before the 1733-The Rev. John Henry Haeger, pastor of the Licking Run con­ Colonial Dames of America in the State of Virginia, at Swift gregation, draws up his last will and testament, naming therein Run Gap atop the Blue Ridge Mountains on the occasion of his seven grandchildren as benefic;aries. Mr. Haeger's will was the dedication of the monument to Governor Spotswood am! probated in l'viay, 1737, following his death at the advanced the Knights of the Golden Horseshoe. age of 93. 1924-Landmarks of Old Prince William, 2 vols. by Fairfax Harrison, 1740-Hoffman's Chapel constructed about 1740 in the Rob:n;on Richmond. Contains much about Germanna and Germantown. River area in Madison County. 1926----Attractive tablet placed to mark the Spotswood family marble 1740-Alexander Spotswood dies at Annapolis, Maryland, aged 64. fountain spring, by Mrs. Fred Robinson, sponsor for the Society 1750-Germanna descendants in the Colonial Wars - 1750 through of ·Colonial Dames in America. the Revolution. 1926----History of Madison County, by Prof. Claude L. Yowell, pub­ 1796-Two ministers - the Rev. Daniel and the Rev. James Hoffman, lished at Strasburg, Virginia. Many pioneers from the several brothers - great grandsons of the Rev. John Henry Haeger, Germanna Colonies shifted to Madison County. pastor of the Germanna and Germantown congregations, cross 1927-The Evangelical Community of Muesen, Germany, carried out over into the Valley ·of Virginia and begin their ministry among an elaborate anniversary celebration of its 300 years of history, the German Reformed congregations here. and very appropriately took steps to link up the Germanna col­ 1852-First edition of the Memoirs of a Huguenot Family, by Ann ony of 1714, composed of families from Muesen and Siegen, the Maury. Containing the daily journal of John Fontaine telling first German Reformed congregation in America. Contact with of his visits to Germanna in 1715 and 1716 and of his tour with Germanna was effected through the American Consul at Co­ Governor Spotswood and others across the Blue Ridge to the logne, President Coolidge, and Governor Harry F. Byrd of Vir­ Shenandoah Valley. ginia, at whose instance Mr. J. R. Horsely, Field Assistant in 1862-Breastworks, trenches, and cannon pits, defens:ve preparedness the Virginia Conservation and Development Commission, had at Germanna Ford, gateway to the Fredericksburg and \,Vilder­ photographs made at Germanna and the Spotswood Furnace. ness campaigns. Dr. H. J. Eckenrode prepared an historical commentary to- ac­ 1863-April 29th, Hooker's army crosses at Germanna Ford, moving company the photos. south and east toward Chancellorsville. 1929-Genealogy of the Fishback Family in America, with supple­ 1863-April, Abortive attempt to bridge the Rapidan at Germanna ment, by •Willis M. Kemper. Ford to facilitate quick movement east for Stuart's cavalry, 1930-The Virginia Department of Conservation and Development stationed at Culpeper. September, Lee's army crosses at Ger­ erects at Germanna two large metal tablets inscribed with per­ manna Ford, moving south and west. November 26th JV[eade's tinent data to mark the historic peninsula encircled by the army crosses at Germanna Ford ,to attack Lee at Mine Run. Rapidan River. November 30th Meade's army ret'res from Mine Run and re­ 1934-0range County observes its bi-centennial. On September 25th crosses at Germanna Ford to the north s;de of the Rapidan. an elaborate program was carried ou.t at Germanna, at which 1864-May 4th and 5th the army of Grant and ]\[eacle crosses, main­ time and place D1·. Hans Luther, German Ambassador to the ly at Germanna Ford, to attack Lee in the \1\/ilderness. United States, made the principal address. 1866-A Progress to the Mines, by Col. William Byrd, published 111 1936-Genealogy of the Holtzclaw Family, by Dr. B. C. Holtzclaw, Richmond, tells of Byrd's visit to Spotswood at Germanna m Richmond. 1732. 1936-History of the Descendants of John Jacob Rector, by Dr. Levi 1899-Genealogy of the Kemper Family, by Kemper and Wright. B. Salmans. 1903-"The First German Reformed Colony in Virginia," by Wm. J. 115 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION PART II-ANTECEDENT EPISODES 114

1953-July 7th The First Reformed Congregation, in The Messenger, 1937-Historic Homes of Northern Virginia ..., by Dr. John W. St. Louis, Missouri, (Vol. XVIII, No.13 ), by Chades Herbert Wayland.Several pages relate to Germanna. Huffman. 1940----Ups and Downs of a Confederate Sold:er, by James Huffman. 1953-April 26th Granite shaft, honoring the 1714 colony, unveiled at Relates ch:efly to the Germanna Hoffmans. Germanna, with program. 1945-Iron Works at Tubal!, by Dr. Lester J.Cappon. University of 1954--The Germanna Journal, Vol. 1, No.6, mimeographed, by Braw­ Virginia. dus Manin and Mrs. Agnes L. Kemper. 1948-History of the Reformed Church in Virginia, 1714-1940, by Dr. 1955-August, "Ein Echo aus Amerika," by Ernst 'vV.Flencler in J. S. Garrison. Historical sketch of Germanna, the pioneers, , Unser Werk, Siegen, Germany. and the first congregation of the German Reformed Church in 1955-"John Hoffman of Germanna and Some of His Descendants," America, organized by the Nassau-Siegen imm;grants in 1714. by John W. Wayland, in the Virginia Magazine of History and 19-19-Societies of the Germanna Colonies and Knights of the Golden Biography, Richmond, Virginia. Horseshoe organized at the site of the "Enchanted Castle." 1955-"Eisen, Erz and Abentour," by Alfred Luck, Siegen, Germany. (Not incorporated.) Concerned with extensive records relating to influences in 1950----Descendants of Dr. George Whitfield Kemper, Jr., by G. Freel America. Switzer. 1956-January, The Memorial Foundation of the Germanna Colonies 1951-John Henry Haeger, by Dr. William J. Hinke. in Virginia, organized, trustees named, approved by Circuit 1951-Spotswoocl's Famous Expedition from Tidewater to Shenandoah Court. Vall::y, by Randolph \/1/. Church, Librarian, Virginia State Li­ 1956-The Memorial Foundation of the Germanna Colonies in Vir­ brary. Illustrated with photographs and maps. In Virginia ginia, chartered by the Virginia Corporation Commission. Cavalcade, winter issue, 1951. 1956--June, The Memorial Foundation purchases 270 acres of the 1953-April 19th "Knights of the Iron Horseshoe," by Charles Her­ Germanna peninsula and presently christens this tract "Siegen bert Huffman, in the Richmond Times-Dispatch, page A-3. Forest," thus perpetuating the name of the city Siegen in Ger­ many whence many of the 1714 colony emigrated. 1957-January, Germanna, Outpost of Adventure, 1714-1956,. by John \/1/. 'vVayland and Charles H.Huffman, pubfahed. 1957-May, Attractive plaque designed and constructed by J. B. Car­ penter, Sr., placed alongside Siegen Forest. 1957-J uly, First Reunion of Germanna descendants and friends held in Siegen Forest, and first annual booklet reporting the success of the occasion, entitled "The Story of Germanna Descendants in Reun:on at Siegen Forest, Virginia." 1958-August, The Memorial Foundat'on of the Germanna Colonies, Inc. is declared a non-profit organization and, consequently, exempt from Federal income tax assessments. Exemption in­ cludes: "Contributions made to you are deductible by donors in computing their taxable income in the manner and to the extent provided by section 170 of the 1954 code." Subsequently, ex­ emption from State and local tax assessments passed by the Virginia General Assembly, in regular session. 1959-Virginia High\\'ay, No. 3, between Culpeper and Fredericksburg, christened GERMANNA HIGHWAY, by authority Photo of the d;stinguished guests - principals in the Orange of the Vir­ ginia State Highway Commission. County Bi-centennial celebration at Germanna, September 25, 1934. 1960-The story of The Little Fork Colony-the second colony from Left to right: Chief Justice Browning of the Virginia Supreme Court, Nassau-Siegen, Germany - revived and narrated by Dr. W. His Excellency, Dr. Hans Luther, German Ambassador to the United R. Hackley and Dr. B.C. Holtzclaw. States, His Honor, Governor James H. Price, Governor of Virginia, and his military and civilian aids. 116 GERMANNA MEMORIAL FOUNDATION

1961-The Brumback-Hotsinpiller Genealogy, by the co-authors, Mrs. Margaret Denny Dixon and Mrs. Elizabeth Denny Vann. 1961-The Pavilion, pentagon-shaped to remind all of the block-house described by John Fontaine in 1715, constructed and dedicated. 1961-Granite shaft unveiled and dedicated, memorial to the 1717 colony. 1961-Granite shaft, mem· orial to the 1714 colony, dedicated in 1953, removed from its first location and relocated in Siegen Forest. 1961-The Germanna Record launched, official publication of the Germanna Memorial Foundation. 1962-The Memorial Foundation of the Germanna Colonies described A summary of the reunion activities is published an­ as "unique in American life," by Dr. Earl G. Swem, eminent nually in "The Story of Germanna Descendants in Reunion bibliographer, .and Librarian Emertus, of \,Villiam and Mary at Siegen Forest." The first number appeared in 1957. The College. Germanna Library has one copy of all issues bound together 1962-Scientific surveys and extensive research on the history and in one attractive binding. Single copies only, ,available. genealogical wealth of Germantown, by Professors Woodford B. Hackley and Benjamin C. Holtzclaw, and published under the caption, "Germantown Revived", in Germanna Record, No. 2. Special Features 1963-"The Dramatic Story of the Second German Colony of 1717 at Germanna," address by Prof. Claude L. Yowell. "A Visit to the 1957-The Foundation. Dedicatory Prayer. Faith of Our Homeland," described by Dr. B. C. Holtzclaw, who during the Fathers. summer of 1962, aided by a stipend for study, had spent the 1958-Searching for Ancestors. summer months in Siegen, Germany and environs, collecting data for the completion of Germanna Record, No. 5. Both ad­ 1959-The Rectors of Pickaway County, Ohio. dresses delivered at the annual Reunion, July, 1963. 1960-1717 Colony. Land Map, 1726, Madison County. The 1964-May, Ancestry and Descendants of the Nassau-Siegen Immi­ Little Fork Colony, Culpeper County. grants to Virginia, 1714-1750, by Dr. B. C. Holtzclaw, published 1961-Unveiling and Dedication of the Granite Shaft - as Germanna Record, No. 5. Memorial to the 1717 Colony. 1964--0bservance of the 250th anniversary of the arrival at Germanna of the Nassau-Siegen immigrants, April, 1714, Anniversary ad0 1962-Summary of the Germantown Study. dress by U. S. Senator Harry F. Byrd. (See pages --.) 1963-Germanna in History. Descendants in the Revolution. 1965-"Germanna - \,\/hence and Whither?" reunion address by Dr. 1964-Celebration of the 250th Anniversary. John E. Manahan. Impressive exhibit of valuable articles. 1965-"Germanna - Whence and Whither?" 1965-The 1965 Annual, The Story of Germanna Descendants in Re­ 1966-Germanna in Retrospect. German-American Folklore. union at Siegen Forest, dedicated, by the Trustees, to Mr. J. B. Carpenter, Sr. of Culpeper, Virginia, "in grateful apprec1at1on for his continual promotion and generous support of the pur­ pose and objectives of the organization." 1965-0ctober, "The Route Followed by Governor Spotswood in 1716 Across the Blue Ridge Mountains," map and commentary, by Prof. Delma R. Carpenter, Sr., of Salem, Virginia, in The Vir­ ginia Magazine of History and Biography, Vol. 73, No. 4, Oc­ tober, 1965. 1966-History of the Memorial Foundation of the Germanna Colonies in Virginia, Incorporated, The First Decade - 1956-1966, by Charles Herbert Huffman.