The Workbook

ART HISTORY KIDS PRESENTS

THE WORKBOOK Welcome! I’m so excited you’re joining the fun for Art History Kids newest workshop course! We are going to have a blast learning all about Raphael and celebrating his artistic legacy!

A few things before we begin...

You’ll have lifetime access to the virtual classroom and you can go through the materials at your own pace.

Click here to enter the classroom

Or enter this url into your browser: www.arthistorykids.com/raphael-classroom Your personal password is: R95U731 (Please do not share your login details with anyone else. Your purchase covers your family only.)

If you like reminders, be sure to opt in for workshop reminders from the classroom page. (Look for the green box, and enter your email address to receive course updates.)

Click here to join our pop-up facebook group

This group will be open for the month of April to add an extra fun element to the workshop experience (but it’s totally optional, and just for fun). Join us for a LIVE art show where you can share your artwork with the group! We’ll meet online on April 24 at 11 am pst. Check the classroom page and the facebook group for a zoom link to attend the art show live.

If you have any questions, I’m here to help. Email me at: [email protected]

AN ART HISTORY KIDS WORKSHOP | ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 7 Click for a virtual tour of The School of Athens, 1509-1511 the Stanza della Segnatura (click the image to zoom in) (click >> to go to the 2nd room)

Write your ideas about these three questions as you look at the art.

What is going on here?

What do you see that makes you say that?

What more can we find?

Ponder the art and chat about the ideas that interest your kids. There’s no need to go through all of these questions (unless your kids would like to)... these are just suggestions and a starting point for you to use.

What is going on in this art? The Visual What do you see that makes you say that? Thinking What more can we find? Strategy Questions

What can we tell about the person/people we see here? How do you think they are feeling? What do you think they are talking about? What do you notice about their clothing? What do you notice about this environment/setting? What do you find interesting about this art? Do you think there’s a secret story here? What is it? Let’s talk about the colors we see. Can you find more details that will help us to understand the art? Does this art remind you of anything?

Make your conversation visual! As you discuss the art, note down some of the key words or ideas that come up! (You can also do this on a big sheet of butcher paper or a chalkboard.)

Raphael

Post some (or all) of these words up with the artwork if you’d like. Include some of the words you came up with during your discussion, too!

Raphael Italy

Renaissance Perspective

Portrait Fresco

Post some (or all) of these words up with the artwork if you’d like. Include some of the words you came up with during your discussion, too!

Once you’ve learned a little bit about The School of Athens, you’ll see the painting in a whole new way! Take your discussion even further with these additional questions:

Choose a grouping of people and make some assumptions about what they are saying or doing. How did you come to your conclusion?

Who are the students and who are the scholars? (Hint: look at their clothing. The basic tunic that was worn in ancient Greece was an indicator of a person’s class and occupation. The tunic was called a chiton when worn by a man, and a peplum when worn by a woman. The brighter colors and more decorative versions were worn by scholars and people of the higher class.)

Who is wearing something on their heads? Can you find a helmet, a gold crown, a crown of leaves, and a black cap?

How many of the characters are wearing sandals or boots? For those with footwear, what else do you notice about their outfits?

There is a couple along the wall on the back right side. The one is sitting cross-legged on the wall, the other is hunching over looking at what the other is writing. What do you believe the one is showing the other?

What else do you notice about the architecture here? Look at the architecture within the fresco, and also the architectural details in the Stanza della Segnatura. How does the painting interact with the architecture of the room in which it resides?

Discussion: What are they feeling?

One way that artists try to connect with their audiences is by conveying emotion through the characters in artwork. Sometimes this is as easy as looking at the expressions on the figure’s faces. They may be smiling and laughing or even sad with frowns or furrowed eye- brows. Sometimes you need to look at the way the person is positioned in order to understand their feelings.

Take a look at some of the characters painted by Raphael and see if you can find one or more these things:

Which characters are expressing their feelings with the looks on their faces? Which characters do you have to look at their body positioning? Can you point out any that are feeling happy and joyful? Which ones do not look like they’re having a good day? Who looks like they’re in a hurry? Who looks really interested or curious about something?

Now it is your turn! Find a sibling, parent, or friend and take turns trying to act out and guess different emotions. Work on different facial expressions and body positions. If your facial expressions are too easy to guess, try turning around to see if your partner can guess correctly without actually seeing your face. Pretend to be one of The School of Athens figures and see if you can display their same emotion.

Discussion - What are they talking about?

In The School of Athens, you can see multiple groups of people talking to each other. It is fun to imagine what each of the characters may be saying to one another. In our lesson, we have learned about many of these characters, and we could probably give a pretty accu- rate guess as to what they may be discussing.

Do you remember Plato and Aristotle? Plato was Aristotle’s teacher, and they both were philosophers. However, Aristotle disagreed with some of Plato’s theories and developed his own. In the painting, does it appear that they are discussing something on which they agree or disagree?

Other ways we can imagine what characters are discussing are through objects near them or within their possession. Look at this portion of the painting. We don’t need to know that the man in yellow is Ptolemy, a geographer, astronomer, and astrologist to know what they are discussing. With the use of the globes, we can assume that the discussion may be about the earth or stars.

Now it is your turn! Look at The School of Athens and imagine what discussions may be taking place within the painting. Get creative and write a dialogue between a group of characters.

Just remember as you are imaging what conversations are occurring in The School of Athens, a lot of these characters are ancient philosophers, teachers, and scientists. Keep in mind that many of the conversations will be centered around their studies and theories.

Raphael...... was born on April 6, 1483. He died on April 6, 1520.

...lived his whole life in Italy.

...came from an artistic family– his father was a painter and a poet.

...lost both of his parents by the time he was 12.

...apprenticed with (and was later an assistant to) a painter named Pietro Perugino.

...was considered to be a Maestro by the age of 17.

...was commissioned by Pope Julius II for many important works.

...worked in the same time and place as Leonardo and Michelangelo.

...had fine taste and loved luxury. He wore fancy clothes and had lots of friends.

...had one of the largest workshops in all of Italy at the height of his career.

...was also an accomplished architect!

...is considered the last great painter of the High Renaissance.

When one is painting, one does not think.

How does Raphael use the elements and principles of art?

Space Color

Balance Movement

Scale Notes...

Learn about Italy... then and now! Find Urbino on the map. Then find Vatican City on the map– that’s where The School of Athens is located.

Learn more about Plato and Aristotle

The two men walking in the center of The School of Athens are Plato and Aristotle. If you’re interested in learning a little more about these philosophers, click their images here.

If philosophy is really interesting to you, there’s a fun philosophy book just for kids that you may like. (You’ll recognize the painting on the cover right away!) Click to learn more about Plato

Click to learn more about Aristotle

Euclid is a famous mathematician shown in The School of Athens! He’s know as the Father of Geometry! Click to learn more about Euclid’s mathematical discoveries and his life!

If you’ve ever learned about music appreciation or music theory, you may be familiar with the work of Pythagoras!

He’s represented in The School of Athens and he’s well know for his musical studies relating to the laws of harmony.

His discoveries all began with listening to the sounds of blacksmith’s hammers. Learn more here!

Have you read William Shakespeare’s Sonnets? Shakespeare was born 44 years after Raphael died, so they are from roughly the same era. Learn more about sonnets here, and use this page to write your own! There’s a special rhyme scheme to keep in mind, and your poem should be 14 lines long.

(the title of your poem)

This workshop provides several fun project ideas. You are invited to select the one(s) that you think your kids would enjoy most! Keeping things simple:

You can do the basic projects with: Your choice of paint and brushes or pastels Plain white paper or canvas boards Going further:

To create fresco at home, you’ll need: For the pin prick transfer, you’ll need: Plaster of Paris Tracing paper Burlap or a paper tray/plate A needle or sewing pin Tempera paint A small towel Paintbrushes A soft bristle round brush (or an old blush brush) A measuring cup Powdered chalk Disposable mixing bowls (darker is better) Disposable mixing utensils A pencil, markers or fabric paint A plain white shirt or pillowcase

Drafts, drafts, and more drafts!

Select something to draw. It might be a still life you set up, or the scene from your window. Maybe it’s something from your imagination! The subject of your drawing can be anything at all.

Draw your drafts. (Drafts are just sketches. They can be as quick and loose or as polished and detailed as you like.) Remember that Raphael would draw multiple versions of the same thing. Study your subject up close... then from far away. Look at it from above, from below, and from all the sides.

Make multiple sketches.

Look at your sketches and think about interesting ways you could put them together.

Now, combine your ideas to come up with a magnificent composition that uses the best of everything. You can put them together and use this collaboration to create the basis for your final painting, or do what Rapha- el did... transfer the new composition using the pin prick method! This is how Raphael took his drafts and transferred them up onto the wall so he could use his sketches to guide him as he painted. (There are instruc- tions for you to try this activity on the next page.)

Pin Prick Tracing

Oftentimes artists, like Raphael, create their artwork in pieces and through the use of multiple drafts. They then use different techniques to transfer their drafts onto the final masterpiece. In this activity, you will get the oppor- tunity to try to transfer drawings using a pin prick technique.

You can transfer drawings to many different objects*, but in this lesson, we are going to use fabric for our final piece. Start by gathering your supplies: artwork to transfer, tracing or lightweight paper, a needle or sewing pin, a small towel, a soft bristle round brush (or an old blush brush), powdered chalk (darker is better), a pencil, markers or fabric paint, and a plain white shirt or pillowcase.

Begin by tracing your artwork onto your tracing sheet. Place your tracing sheet onto a soft towel, and use the needle or pin to poke holes along your tracing lines. (Be careful!! Younger kids may need extra supervision at first.) Take the tracing sheet with the holes and place and secure it on top of your shirt or pillowcase. With a soft brush, dust the powdered chalk onto the fabric by dabbing the holes you have made in the tracing paper. Once finished, lift up the tracing paper and you should see an outline of your artwork.

Finish your artwork by adding color and more detail.

* If you don’t have fabric, you could substitute cardboard or thick art paper.

AN ART HISTORY KIDS WORKSHOP | ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 27 PROJECT #1 Make a fresco, just like Raphael! Making a fresco sounds complicated, but you can make a simple version at home. When Raphael painted on the Vatican walls, they were covered with wet plaster. He used tempera paint to create his art while the plaster was still wet. This technique (tempera paint on wet plaster) is what makes his painting a fresco! How to make your own fresco Gather your supplies. You can do this a number of 1 different ways, but one of the simplest methods uses: Plaster of Paris, a measuring cup, disposable mixing bowls, disposable mixing utensils, something to contain your drying plaster (foam tray, disposable plastic plates or a piece of burlap cut to size), and tempera, watercol- or, or chalk pastels to use on the plaster.

Plan your art. Remember, you’ll be painting while the 2 plaster is wet, so you’ll probably want to have a rough idea of what your painting will look like before you begin.

Mix your plaster according to the package directions 3 and pour a thick layer into your tray/plate, or onto your burlap. You may need to smooth it out. (Be sure to throw away the mixing supplies- don’t rinse them in your sink!)

Wait until your plaster has set enough to begin painting. 4 This may take anywhere from a few minutes to an hour depending on the temperature and humidity at your house. Now, it’s time to create! Paint or draw your art on the semi-wet plaster and then leave it to finish drying. Find a place to display your fresco!

How to paint a self portrait

Gather your supplies. Will you use watercolor? 1 Tempera? Pastels? Or pencils? Choose how you’d like to make your art, and what you’d like to use for your painting or drawing surface. Paper always works well, but you might also have fun using a canvas board or even a piece of recycled cardboard to give your art a little texture and an older look and feel.

Plan your art. Get dressed in the style of your 2 chosen character– one from The School of Athens, or something else – and then spend a little time looking in the mirror. Will you be looking straight at the viewer, or off to the side? (Think about your gaze.) Will you show your head and shoulders only or is it a head to toe portrait?

Now, it’s time to create! Paint or draw your art 3 either from a sketch or as you look at yourself in the mirror!

AN ART HISTORY KIDS WORKSHOP | ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 29 PROJECT #3 Paint YOUR version of The School of Athens Recreate the scene with historical figures from another era, characters from your favorite book or movie, or do a modern take and re-imagination the scene as it would appear in 2020! How to paint a new School of Athens

Plan your art. Do a little research. Decide how the 2 environment will look, and who the people will be in the painting. Get reference for your painting, or draw sketches to work out your composition.

Now, it’s time to create! Paint or draw your new 3 version of The School of Athens. What title will you give to this new piece of art?

Play ‘School of Athens’ I-Spy 1 Have you ever played I-Spy? It’s an easy game, and really fun to play with art! (Especially really detailed art like The School of Athens.) Sit with the painting and a friend, and find something inside the art. Then you say, “I spy ...” and you describe the person or the thing you’re looking at. It can be as specific or as general as you’d like. The other persons tries to guess what you’re looking at, and when they get it right, you switch! They “spy” the next thing and you try to guess!

Play ‘The School of Athens’ Dress Up 2 You may not have a wardrobe full of Greek chitons, peplums, and himations... but I bet you have something you could use to play dress up. Grab a few towels, blankets, sheets, or whatever else looks like the apparel in The School of Athens. Dress up and try to recreate some of the dramatic poses you see. Have your photo taken and make a collage of all the figures you recreated! You could also recreate ‘Young Woman with Unicorn’ if you have a stuffed unicorn- or experiment with other types of stuffed animals.

Stuffed Animal and Doll Installation 3 If your room is full of stuffed friends, you may be able to pose them like the figures to make a School of Athens in your own house! Choose a small grouping to recreate, or go big and try to get all of the figures in your representation!

Play ‘The School of Athens’ Charades 4 Cut out these names and use them to act out the different historical figures! Plato Euclid Apollo Athena Hypatia Raphael Ptolemy Aristotle Socrates Diogenes Zoroaster Heraclitus Pythagoras

Find these people! Draw a line from the name to their representation in the art!

Apollo Athena Plato Aristotle

Socrates Heraclitus

Pythagoras Hypatia

Diogenes Raphael

Zoroaster Ptolemy Euclid

We’ve been using words that may be new to you! Here are some of the key terms from this workshop, and their definitions.

Chiton: A loose fitting garment worn by Ancient Greek men.

Contrapposto: Standing with most of your weight shifted onto one foot.

Foreshortening: Showing an object coming forward in space.

Fresco: A painting done with tempera paint on a wet plaster wall.

Greek meander: A specific linear design often seen in Greek architecture and pottery.

Himation: An outer layer of fabric that was draped over the shoulder.

Horizon line: The horizontal line that divides the land from the sky- this line is used in one point perspective.

Peplum: A loose fitting garment worn by Ancient Greek women.

Renaissance: It means ‘rebirth’ in French. A renewed interest in culture and art from the 14th century through the 17th century.

Vanishing point: A point on the horizon line where all diagonal lines converge.

Certificate of Accomplishment This certificate celebrates

for completing The Raphael 500 Workshop

(signed) (date)