DOCSLIB.ORG

Examination of Power Systems Solutions Considering High Voltage Direct Current Transmission

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Examination of Power Systems Solutions Considering High Voltage Direct Current Transmission Examination of Power Systems Solutions Considering High Voltage Direct Current Transmission Daniel Keith Ridenour Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science In Electrical Engineering Jaime De La Ree Lopez, Chair Virgilio A. Centeno Rolando P. Burgos R. Matthew Gardner September 16, 2015 Blacksburg, Virginia Keywords: HVDC transmission, voltage source converter, insulated gate bipolar transistor, line congestion alleviation, interconnection of nondispatchable generation, urban infeed Examination of Power Systems Solutions Considering High Voltage Direct Current Transmission Daniel Keith Ridenour Abstract Since the end of the Current Wars in the 19th Century, alternating current (AC) has dominated the production, transmission, and use of electrical energy. The chief reason for this dominance was (and continues to be) that AC offers a way minimize transmission losses yet transmit large power from generation to load. With the Digital Revolution and the entrance of most of the post-industrialized world into the Information Age, energy usage levels have increased due to the proliferation of electrical and electronic devices in nearly all sectors of life. A stable electrical grid has become synonymous with a stable nation-state and a healthy populace. Large-scale blackouts around the world in the 20th and the early 21st Centuries highlighted the heavy reliance on power systems and because of that, governments and utilities have strived to improve reliability. Simultaneously occurring with the rise in energy usage is the mandate to cut the pollution by generation facilities and to mitigate the impact grid expansion has on environment as a whole. The traditional methods of transmission expansion are beginning to show their limits as utilities move generation facilities farther from load centers, which reduces geographic diversity, and the integration of nondispatchable, renewable energy sources upsets the current operating regime. A challenge faces engineers – how to expand generation, expand transmission capacity, and integrate renewable energy sources while maintaining maximum system efficiency and reliability. A technology that may prove beneficial to the operation of power system is high voltage direct current transmission. The technology brings its own set of advantages and disadvantages, which are in many ways the complement of AC. It is important to update transmission planning processes to account for the new possibilities that HVDC offers. This thesis submits a discussion of high voltage direct current transmission technology itself and an examination of how HVDC can be considered in the planning process. To my parents, Jeffrey and Katharine Ridenour, to my sister, Ashley Ridenour, and to my grandmother, Juanita Grieco, for their unconditional love and unwavering support in all aspects of my life. To my friends of ∑∑ for helping me through undergrad and grad school and for the innumerable hours spent together in friendship. iii Acknowledgements I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Jaime De La Ree Lopez, for his support of my research. His experience, insight, and knowledge have been invaluable to my success in graduate school. I would also like to thank Dr. Virgilio Centeno for sitting on my committee, his assistance in the pursuit of my degree, and his advice. I would also like to thank Dr. Rolando Burgos for sitting on my committee and his assistance in the pursuit of my degree. I would like to thank Dominion Virginia Power for providing my funding and especially Dr. Matthew Gardner for their assistance. I would like to thank Dr. Ryan Quint for answering my endless emails and questions over this whole process and for the moral support. I would like to thank Mr. M. Kyle Thomas for answering my questions and helping me obtain needed information. I would like to thank my friend, Tristan Flowers, for his years of friendship and support from a world away. I would like to thank my colleagues, Brian Cassidy, Taylor Yeago, Thomas O’Connor, and Kevin McDermott, for their assistance in the pursuit of my degree and for their encouragement and friendship. I would like to thank my fellow graduate students in the Power Lab for their advice and constructive critique of my work. iv Table of Contents Abstract ......................................................................................................................................................... ii Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................................... iv Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................................... v List of Figures .............................................................................................................................................. vii List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................ ix Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Advantages of HVDC Transmission [1] .......................................................................................... 2 1.2 Disadvantages of HVDC Transmission [1] ..................................................................................... 4 Chapter 2: Historical HVDC Transmission .................................................................................................... 8 2.1 Mercury Arc Valves ....................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 Thyristors ...................................................................................................................................... 9 2.3 Line Commutated Converters ....................................................................................................... 9 2.3.1 Operation of Line Commutated Converters [3] .................................................................. 10 2.4 Veteran HVDC Topologies [3] [4] ................................................................................................ 14 Chapter 3: Modern and Future HVDC Transmission .................................................................................. 16 3.1 Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors [11] ...................................................................................... 16 3.2 Voltage Source Converters [2] .................................................................................................... 16 3.2.1 Voltage Source Converter Installation ................................................................................ 17 3.2.2 Operation of Voltage Source Converters ............................................................................ 18 3.2.2.1 Multilevel Converters [2] ............................................................................................... 21 3.2.3 Modular Multilevel Converters [2]..................................................................................... 21 3.2.3.1 Operation of Modular Multilevel Converters ................................................................. 22 3.3 Applications ................................................................................................................................. 24 3.3.1 Interconnection of Intermittent Generation to a Weak AC System ................................... 24 3.3.2 Relieving Transmission System Congestion – Urban Infeeds ............................................. 25 3.3.3 Multi-terminal HVDC Systems and HVDC Transmission Networks ..................................... 26 Chapter 4: Examining Transmission Systems Considering HVDC............................................................... 30 4.1 Statement of Criteria .................................................................................................................. 30 4.2 Explanation of Criteria ................................................................................................................ 31 4.3 Applying Methodology to a System ............................................................................................ 33 4.4 Summary of Methodology .......................................................................................................... 51 4.5 PSS/E Simulations........................................................................................................................ 53 4.5.1 Description of PSS/E Model ................................................................................................ 53 4.5.2 Method for Simulating Converter Operation ..................................................................... 54 v Chapter 5: Conclusion ........................................................................................................................... 56 5.1 Future Work ................................................................................................................................ 56 5.1.1 Protection................................................................................................................................ 56 5.1.2 Mutual Coupling between DC Lines and AC Lines .................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • (Public) Page 1 of 149 Muskrat Falls Project - CE-01 Rev
    Muskrat Falls Project - CE-01 Rev. 1 (Public) Page 1 of 149 Muskrat Falls Project - CE-01 Rev. 1 (Public) Page 2 of 149 Newfoundland and Labrador Hydro - Lower Churchill Project DC1010 - Voltage and Conductor Optimization Final Report - April 2008 Table of Contents List of Tables List of Figures Executive Summary 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Background and Purpose ............................................................................................................ 1-1 1.2 Interrelation with other Work Tasks.............................................................................................1-1 2. Approach to the Work ......................................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Overview.................................................................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Selection of Optimal HVDC Operating Voltage .......................................................................... 2-2 2.3 Selection of Optimal Overhead Line Conductor(s) ...................................................................... 2-2 3. Details of the Work/Analysis ................................................................................................................ 3-1 3.1 Selection of Optimal HVdc Transmission Voltage ......................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Technical and Economic Assessment of VSC-HVDC Transmission Model: a Case Study of South-Western Region in Pakistan
    electronics Article Technical and Economic Assessment of VSC-HVDC Transmission Model: A Case Study of South-Western Region in Pakistan Mehr Gul 1,2,* , Nengling Tai 1, Wentao Huang 1, Muhammad Haroon Nadeem 1 , Muhammad Ahmad 1 and Moduo Yu 1 1 School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; [email protected] (N.T.); [email protected] (W.H.); [email protected] (M.H.N.); [email protected] (M.A.); [email protected] (M.Y.) 2 Department of Electrical Engineering, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences (BUITEMS), Quetta 87300, Pakistan * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-13262736005 Received: 10 October 2019; Accepted: 5 November 2019; Published: 7 November 2019 Abstract: The southwestern part of Pakistan is still not connected to the national grid, despite its abundance in renewable energy resources. However, this area becomes more important for energy projects due to the development of the deep-sea Gwadar port and the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). In this paper, a voltage source converter (VSC) based high voltage DC (HVDC) transmission model is proposed to link this area to the national gird. A two-terminal VSC-HVDC model is used as a case study, in which a two-level converter with standard double-loop control is employed. The proposed model has a capacity of transferring bulk power of 3500 MW at 350 kV from Gwadar to Matiari. Furthermore, the discounted cash flow analysis of VSC-HVDC against the HVAC system shows that the proposed system is economically sustainable.
    [Show full text]
  • Holistic Approach to Offshore Transmission Planning in Great Britain
    OFFSHORE COORDINATION Holistic Approach to Offshore Transmission Planning in Great Britain National Grid ESO Report No.: 20-1256, Rev. 2 Date: 14-09-2020 Project name: Offshore Coordination DNV GL - Energy Report title: Holistic Approach to Offshore Transmission P.O. Box 9035, Planning in Great Britain 6800 ET Arnhem, Customer: National Grid ESO The Netherlands Tel: +31 26 356 2370 Customer contact: Luke Wainwright National HVDC Centre 11 Auchindoun Way Wardpark, Cumbernauld, G68 Date of issue: 14-09-2020 0FQ Project No.: 10245682 EPNC Report No.: 20-1256 2 7 Torriano Mews, Kentish Town, London NW5 2RZ Objective: Analysis of technical aspects of the coordinated approach to offshore transmission grid development in Great Britain. Overview of technology readiness, technical barriers to integration, proposals to overcome barriers, development of conceptual network designs, power system analysis and unit costs collection. Prepared by: Prepared by: Verified by: Jiayang Wu Ian Cowan Yongtao Yang Riaan Marshall Bridget Morgan Maksym Semenyuk Edgar Goddard Benjamin Marshall Leigh Williams Oluwole Daniel Adeuyi Víctor García Marie Jonette Rustad Yalin Huang DNV GL – Report No. 20-1256, Rev. 2 – www.dnvgl.com Page i Copyright © DNV GL 2020. All rights reserved. Unless otherwise agreed in writing: (i) This publication or parts thereof may not be copied, reproduced or transmitted in any form, or by any means, whether digitally or otherwise; (ii) The content of this publication shall be kept confidential by the customer; (iii) No third party may rely on its contents; and (iv) DNV GL undertakes no duty of care toward any third party. Reference to part of this publication which may lead to misinterpretation is prohibited.
    [Show full text]
  • Durham Research Online
    Durham Research Online Deposited in DRO: 15 November 2019 Version of attached le: Published Version Peer-review status of attached le: Peer-reviewed Citation for published item: Giampieri, Alessandro and Ma, Zhiwei and Chin, Janie Ling and Smallbone, Andrew and Lyons, Padraig and Khan, Imad and Hemphill, Stephen and Roskilly, Anthony Paul (2019) 'Techno-economic analysis of the thermal energy saving options for high-voltage direct current interconnectors.', Applied energy., 247 . pp. 60-77. Further information on publisher's website: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.04.003 Publisher's copyright statement: c 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Additional information: Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Durham University Library, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LY, United Kingdom Tel : +44 (0)191 334 3042 | Fax : +44 (0)191 334 2971 https://dro.dur.ac.uk Applied Energy 247 (2019) 60–77 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
    [Show full text]
  • Offshore VSC-HVDC Networks
    Delft University of Technology Offshore VSC-HVDC Networks Impact on Transient Stability of AC Transmission Systems van der Meer, Arjen DOI 10.4233/uuid:ea19a35c-96e3-4734-82bb-f378d262cbc0 Publication date 2017 Document Version Final published version Citation (APA) van der Meer, A. (2017). Offshore VSC-HVDC Networks: Impact on Transient Stability of AC Transmission Systems. https://doi.org/10.4233/uuid:ea19a35c-96e3-4734-82bb-f378d262cbc0 Important note To cite this publication, please use the final published version (if applicable). Please check the document version above. Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download, forward or distribute the text or part of it, without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license such as Creative Commons. Takedown policy Please contact us and provide details if you believe this document breaches copyrights. We will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. This work is downloaded from Delft University of Technology. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to a maximum of 10. Offshore VSC-HVDC Networks Impact on Transient StabilityStability ofof AC TransmTransmissionission SystemsSystems ArjenArjen A. van der MeeMeerr . Offshore VSC-HVDC Networks Impact on Transient Stability of AC Transmission Systems Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Technische Universiteit Delft, op gezag van de Rector Magnificus prof.ir. K. C. A. M. Luyben, voorzitter van het College voor Promoties, in het openbaar te verdedigen op dinsdag 12 september 2017 om 10:00 uur door Arjen Anne VAN DER MEER, Elektrotechnisch ingenieur, geboren te Dokkum, Nederland.
    [Show full text]
  • Present and Future Multiterminal HVDC Systems: Current Status and Forthcoming Developments
    International Conference on Renewable Energies and Power Quality (ICREPQ’17) Malaga (Spain), 4th to 6th April, 2017 exÇxãtuÄx XÇxÜzç tÇw cÉãxÜ dâtÄ|àç ]ÉâÜÇtÄ (RE&PQJ) ISSN 2172-038 X, No.15 April 2017 Present and future multiterminal HVDC systems: current status and forthcoming developments G. Buigues, V. Valverde, A. Etxegarai, P. Eguía, E. Torres Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao, UPV/EHU Alameda de Urquijo s/n, 48013 Bilbao (Spain) e-mail: [email protected] Abstract. Considering the importance that HVDC systems Converter, LCC) are unlikely to be able to meet the are expected to have in the future of power networks, this paper requirements of future networks. aims to provide a wide overview of the worldwide existing technologies and installations in the field of MTDC-HVDC In this context, the less mature Voltage Source Converter systems. In particular, it analyses and describes both classic (VSC) technology and VSC-HVDC based multiterminal LCC-MTDC systems and present/future VSC-MTDC systems, DC grids (MTDC), along with modular multi-level the latter being based on multi-level converter technology. This converters (MMC), are set to become the core of future way, it is expected that this paper will draw the attention of those researchers looking for a starting point, from where to be able to HVDC meshed networks. develop new analysis and developments that increase the applicability of future HVDC systems. This way, this paper is intended to provide a wide overview of the existing and projected HVDC-MTDC Key words real installations, from the MTDC systems based on the classic LCC-HVDC technology, to the deployment of the most recent VSC-HVDC systems and the use of MMC LCC-HVDC, VSC-HVDC, MTDC, multi-level converter, technology in their MTDC installations.
    [Show full text]
  • VDE ETG Studie Perspektiven Der Übertragungstechnik
    VDE-Studie Perspektiven der elektrischen Energie über tragung in Deutschland by ETG Empfohlene Zitierweise VDE Verband der Elektrotechnik Elektronik Informationstechnik e.V.: Perspektiven der elektrischen Energieübertragung in Deutschland, Frankfurt am Main (April 2019) Diese VDE-Studie ist Arbeitsergebnis der VDE|ETG Task Force „Perspektiven der Über- tragungstechnik“. Redaktionsteam Dr.-Ing. Rolf Apel, Siemens AG Dr.-Ing. Thomas Benz, VDE|ETG Dr.-Ing. Frank Berger, 50Hertz Transmission GmbH M.Sc. Tobias Deß, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg Dr.-Ing. Christoph Dörnemann, Amprion GmbH Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jutta Hanson, TU Darmstadt Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Marc Hiller, KIT Dr.-Ing. Uwe Kaltenborn, HIGHVOLT Prüftechnik Dresden GmbH Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mustafa Kizilcay, Universität Siegen Dr.-Ing. Martin Kleimaier Dr.-Ing. Bernd Klöckl, TenneT TSO GmbH Dr.-Ing. Athanasios Krontiris, ABB AG Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Matthias Luther, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mathias Noe, KIT M.Sc. Michael Richter, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg Dr.-Ing. Bartosz Rusek, Amprion GmbH Dr.-Ing. Michael Schäfer, TransnetBW GmbH Dr.-Ing. Hanno Stagge, TenneT TSO GmbH Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wolfram Wellßow, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern Prof. Dr.-Ing. Markus H. Zink, HAW Würzburg-Schweinfurt Vorbemerkung VDE-Studien geben – entsprechend der Positionierung des VDE als neutraler, technisch- wissenschaftlicher Verband – gemeinsame Erkenntnisse der Mitglieder des Arbeitskreises wieder. Die Gemeinschaftsergebnisse werden im konstruktiven Dialog aus häufig unter- schiedlichen Positionen erarbeitet. Die Studien spiegeln daher nicht unbedingt die Meinung der durch ihre Mitarbeiter vertretenen Unternehmen und Institutionen wider. Herausgeber: VDE Verband der Elektrotechnik Elektronik Informationstechnik e.V. Energietechnische Gesellschaft (ETG) Stresemannallee 15 60596 Frankfurt am Main Tel. +49 69 6308-346 [email protected] www.vde.com/etg Titelbild: © VDE Design: Schaper Kommunikation, Bad Nauheim April 2019 VDE Perspektiven der elektrischen Energieübertragung in Deutschland Inhaltsverzeichnis 1.
    [Show full text]
  • EU JRC Report on Europe-China HVDC Transmission Link
    A China-EU electricity transmission link Assessment of potential connecting countries and routes Ardelean M., Minnebo P. 2017 EUR 29098 EN xx This publication is a Science for Policy report by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Commission’s science and knowledge service. It aims to provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policymaking process. The scientific output expressed does not imply a policy position of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use that might be made of this publication. Contact information Name: Mircea ARDELEAN Address: European Commission, Joint Research Centre, NL-1755 ZG Petten – The Netherlands Email: [email protected] Tel.: +31-224-565387 JRC Science Hub https://ec.europa.eu/jrc JRC110333 EUR 29098 EN PDF ISBN 978-92-79-79358-5 ISSN 1831-9424 doi:10.2760/67516 Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2017 © European Union, 2017 Reuse is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. The reuse policy of European Commission documents is regulated by Decision 2011/833/EU (OJ L 330, 14.12.2011, p. 39). For any use or reproduction of photos or other material that is not under the EU copyright, permission must be sought directly from the copyright holders. How to cite this report: Ardelean, M., Minnebo, P., A China-EU electricity transmission link. Assessment of potential connecting countries and routes, EUR 29098 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2017, ISBN 978-92-79-79358-5, doi:10.2760/67516, JRC110333 A China-EU electricity transmission link.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Investment Model Cost Parameters for VSC HVDC
    Electric Power Systems Research 151 (2017) 419–431 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Electric Power Systems Research journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/epsr Review Review of investment model cost parameters for VSC HVDC transmission infrastructure a,∗ b a a Philipp Härtel , Til Kristian Vrana , Tobias Hennig , Michael von Bonin , c c Edwin Jan Wiggelinkhuizen , Frans D.J. Nieuwenhout a Fraunhofer IWES, Kassel, Germany b SINTEF Energi, Trondheim, Norway c ECN, Petten, The Netherlands a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Cost parameters for VSC HVDC transmission infrastructure have been gathered from an extensive collec- Received 15 December 2016 tion of techno-economic sources. These cost parameter sets have been converted to a common format, Received in revised form 10 May 2017 based on a linear investment cost model depending on the branch length and the power rating of cable Accepted 11 June 2017 systems and converter stations. In addition, an average parameter set was determined as the arithmetic mean of the collected parameter sets, and included in the study. The uniform format allowed for a compar- Keywords: ison of the parameter sets with each other, which revealed large differences between the cost parameter Offshore grids sets. The identified disparity between the parameter sets reflects a high level of uncertainty which can Transmission expansion planning only in part be explained by a varying focus and modelling approach of their sources. This implies limi- Cost model HVDC tations regarding the validity of the parameters sets as well as of the results from grid expansion studies VSC carried out on the basis of these parameter sets.
    [Show full text]
  • Renewable Energy
    GERMAN ASSOCIATION OF CONSULTING ENGINEERS RENEWABLE ENERGY Lessons from the German Experience of the Energy Transition A Guide for Engineers, Policymakers and Administrators RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE VBI Guide Verband Beratender Ingenieure (German Association of Consulting Engineers) Budapester Straße 31 10787 Berlin Germany Phone: 030 26062 0 Fax: 030 26062 100 Mail: [email protected] www.vbi.de Imprint Publisher German Association of Consulting Engineers Budapester Str. 31 10787 Berlin Tel: +49 (0) 30 26062 0 Fax: : +49 (0) 30 26062 100 Email: [email protected] Website: https://www.vbi.de/english/ If you are looking for a partner to help you plan your project: Legal responsibility VBI, Berlin, Germany Editors RENAC, Berlin, Germany Copyright © 2019 Verband Beratender Ingenieure (VBI) All rights reserved. First Edition, April 2019 Important note While the publishers, editors and authors of this work believe that the information and guidance given in this work are correct, all parties must rely upon their own skill and judgement when making use of them – it is not meant to be a replacement for manufacturer’s instructions, legal technical codes or professional advice. Neither the author(s) nor the publisher assumes any liability for any loss or damage caused by any error or omission in the work. Any and all such liability is disclaimed. Die Inhalte dieser Broschüre sind nicht als Rechtsberatung aufzufassen. Das Lesen dieser Broschüre kann eine umfassende Rechtsberatung nicht ersetzen. VBI Guide to Renewable Energy 1 Content 1 Introduction .......................................................................................... 8 2 Market Situation and Current Figures for Renewable Energy .................10 2.1 The energy transition in Germany ..................................................................... 14 2.2 International climate protection policies and emissions trading ..................
    [Show full text]
  • 2.4 HVDC Cable System
    Experience in transporting energy through subsea power cables: The case of Iceland Svandís Hlín Karlsdóttir Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science University of Iceland 2013 Experience in transporting energy through subsea power cables: The case of Iceland Svandís Hlín Karlsdóttir 30 ECTS thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of a Magister Scientiarum degree in Industrial Engineering Advisors Rúnar Unnþórsson, Lektor Tómas Philip Rúnarsson, Professor Faculty Representative Magni Þór Pálsson Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science School of Engineering and Natural Sciences University of Iceland Reykjavik, May 2013 Experience in transporting energy through subsea power cables: The case of Iceland 30 ECTS thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of a Magister Scientiarum degree in Industrial Engineering Copyright © 2013 Svandís Hlín Karlsdóttir All rights reserved Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science School of Engineering and Natural Sciences University of Iceland Hjardarhagi 2-6 107, Reykjavik Iceland Telephone: 525 4000 Bibliographic information: Svandís Hlín Karlsdóttir, 2013, Experience in transporting energy through subsea power cables: The case of Iceland, Master’s thesis, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Iceland, pp. 85. Printing: Háskólaprent Reykjavik, Iceland, June 2013 Abstract This Master’s thesis analyses the experience from subsea power cable projects in Europe to bring new aspects and gain more information and insights to this project. The main focus is on technology, reliability and environmental impact. This study of the European experience is transferred to Iceland and is evaluated as to which technology is suitable for Icelandic conditions, what to avoid and what to keep in mind, and also to evaluate the reliability of possible subsea power cables from Iceland to mainland Europe, or to Great Britain.
    [Show full text]
  • HVDC Rectifier Station Modelling Using PSCAD-EMTDC
    HCTL Open International Journal of Technology Innovations and Research (IJTIR) http://ijtir.hctl.org Volume 21, Issue 1, July 2016 e-ISSN: 2321-1814, ISBN (Print): 978-81-932623-1-3 HVDC Rectifier Station Modelling using PSCAD- EMTDC 1 1 1 1 Anurag S D Rai , Kamal Shakya , Santosh Verma , Suvidha Kamble [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract In this paper we have presented HVDC Rectifier station Model using PSCAD-EMTDC. Here HVDC system is modelled using CIGRE Benchmark circuit. A Benchmark model provides a common base for trying out new concepts and to compare simulation results. It also provides a base to study the advantages of HVDC over AC systems. Here HVDC Rectifier Station is modelled and its results are also plotted, so that PG student can understand evaluation of software for simulation purposes. Keywords CIGRE, HVDC, Gratez Converter, PSCAD-EMTDC Introduction HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) transmission has got lot of attention for possessing various advantages over AC transmission system. It is used for long distance transmission and higher power ratings. It is quite economical than ac system and possess environmental advantages. The first commercial project was started in Sweden in 1954 and after that it expanded all over the world and has achieved a fast pace by transmitting around 70,000 MW power. Overview The first CIGRE MODEL (The Conseil International des Grands Reseaux Electriques) was proposed in 1985. This benchmark model developed by CIGRE study group is an international association based in France. This benchmark has been used all over the world for testing and evaluating the performance.
    [Show full text]