iwww.ineco.estransporEnglish editionte Journal of transport engineering and consultancy 20 12 Issue 4 railways A feat of engineering under the streets of Barcelona AERONAUTICAL London-Heathrow, ready for bad weather R&D Cover applications TRANSPORT STUDIES Modernisation of the Algerian National Transport Plan roads Phase IV of the Las Palmas de Gran Canaria ring road ARCHITECTURE&structures Eight new modern stations for the ‘Western Corridor’ in Bogotá The future of mobility Editorial
The process of internationalization in which we have been immersed for some years now, and which has ensured our presence in over 94 countries, requires us to adopt new market strategies which will further strengthen our position: more competitive equipment, an international network, the creation of foreign alliances and new projects in emerging countries are just some of the initiatives we have recently implemented. In addition to our extensive presence in Europe and Latin America, we should also include that recent opportunities have permitted us to expand into Africa and Asia, where our experience in the design and construction of a complete Ineco present at InnoTrans transport network in Spain has been crucial in opening doors for us. In the following pages we hope to be able to give our readers an idea of the dedication and commitment with which we approach our projects, whether InnoTrans 2012 it is the high-speed train in Saudi Arabia, our work on the London-Heathrow International Trade Fair for Transport Technology airport, or in other cities around the world, such as Barcelona, Tallinn, Bogotá Innovative Components · Vehicles · Systems and Casablanca, all of which are featured in this edition. 18 – 21 September · Berlin We would like to share our engineering vision with you in these articles written www.innotrans.com by our engineers on the new technologies available to the transport sector, such as fibre optics, ground-breaking electrical systems, as well as exciting new tools which can be employed in airport management. We hope you enjoy reading our magazine.
Pablo Vázquez BRIFER SERVICES, S.L. Chairman & CEO of Ineco Arturo Soria, 320, 9ºD · 28033 Madrid Tel. +34 917 672 767 · Fax +34 917 669 932 [email protected] it 3
itransporte_Spain_InnoTrans_215x280_en_QR.indd 1 13.04.2012 11:22:11 Table of contents Volume 1 | Issue 4 | 2012 z pe é Ló erc y M b
Las Palmas de Gran Canaria ring road European GNSS Service Centre Railway applications for fibre optics Modular railway architecture in Bogotá picture
NEWS Level crossing ahead! 28 R&D roads Ineco to update the Kuwait airport 6 Since 1998, Ineco has participated in over 70 Covering the world 46 Between ravines 66 Master Plan installation projects Cover applications Phase IV of the Las Palmas de Gran Canaria ring road Spain Pablo Vázquez, President of the Spanish 7 World Spain consortium of the Makkah–Madinah Sustenance for the Spanish AVE 30 From Madrid to the sky 48 A custom-made ring 68 high-speed railway project Transformers for the high-speed rail network A major aerospace engineering project Expansion of the Madrid M-40 ring road Spain Agreement with the Latin American 8 Spain Spain Development Bank CAF aeronautical In pursuit of excellence 50 Pillars in the earth 70 RAILWAYS A Snow Plan that hits the mark 32 Groundbreaking Spanish research centre Treatment of an embankment built on soft soil Spain Spain Mission accomplished 10 London-Heathrow, ready for bad weather A feat of engineering under the streets of Barcelona Q&A with Salvador Urquía, No fear of the dark 52 architecture & structures Centre Regional and International Director of Ferroser Solving blackouts in airport electrical system Q&A with Rafael Rodríguez Gutiérrez, Modular railway architecture 72 United Kingdom Spain Director of the Northeast High-Speed line Eight new modern stations for the ‘Western Corridor’ Spain Down to the last drop 56 in Bogotá How to recover regenerative braking energy Colombia Sights set high 16 Spain Ineco involved in commissioning the Ourense–Santiago 19th century spirit, 21st century design 74 section of rail Information with coordinates 60 Renovation works for Renfe Spain Proprietary GIS for Aena airports Spain Spain More efficient and eco-friendly trams 20 The Iron Bridge is refurbished 76 Sustainable urban transport in Tallinn Work on the Mérida railway bridge is completed Estonia Spain The medium is the future 24 Railway applications for fibre optics z
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Bigger under the sun 38 é Ló
Against the clock, against the mountain 26 Study on how to improve Casablanca International Airport erc y M
Modernisation of the conventional Bobadilla–Algeciras line b Morocco Spain Q&A To control lights 40 picture Control and Display System for Visual Aids An overwiew 78 Spain Makkah–Madinah high-speed railway line contract signing INECO The brains behind the airport 42 Transport studies Abdul Aziz M. Al-Hokail 80 www.ineco.com Changes to real-time management President of the Saudi Railways Organization (SRO) Editorial Offices: Paseo de la Habana, 138, 28036 Madrid [Spain] Good perspectives for 2025 62 Tel: (34) 91 452 12 56 Spain Web: www.revistaitransporte.com Modernisation of the Algerian National Transport Plan General Manager International & Development Area: Javier Cos At the end of the way 45 Algeria Editor-in-Chief: Bárbara Jiménez-Alfaro / [email protected] Design and construction for the new terminal Editorial Staff: Lidia Amigo / [email protected] Production: BrikoTaller Editorial, S.L. of León airport c/ Bausa, 8 – Portal 2, 3ºN, 28033 Madrid [Spain] Tel. (34) 91 383 29 84 Spain All the articles included in this English Edition have been Printed by: gráficas 82 previously published in the Spanish version of the magazine. Legal Deposit: M-7511-2012 Each article clearly displays the number corresponding to Copyright © Ineco. All rights reserved 2012. For reprint articles please the original, which is available at www.revistaitransporte.es contact the Editor-in-Chief. Translation from Spanish into English: SEPROTEC Cover picture by Pablo Neustadt 4 it 5 International news
Signalling on the Paris-Strasbourg Ineco in ATC Global and Passenger Terminal 2012 high-speed line Ineco participated during sector: ATC Global, dedicated The Italian firm Ansaldo has asked Ineco to participate in the validation of parameters of the months of March and to air navigation (held in the trackside ERTMS 2 signalling system for the Paris–Strasbourg high-speed line. The 406 April in two of the most Amsterdam), and Passenger kilometres-line is part of the European corridor that reaches Bratislava, the capital of Slovakia. important international Terminal, about airport terminals The work is focused on the RBC’s (Radio Block Centres) and involves checking parameters such as slopes, maximum trade fairs of the aeronautical (celebrated in Vienna). speeds or the position of elements. The data are checked against client documentation and using a simulation tool.
➔ New contract in Jamaica makkah–madinah High-speed project Technical assistance for Pablo Vázquez, President of the Spanish consortium work in Sangster airport BJ Airports Ltd, the operator in charge of managing the Sangster MInternational Airport in Montego Bay (Jamaica), has entrusted Ineco to Ineco to update the Kuwait airport master plan provide the technical assistance for work contract was signed on March 5 in Ineco, in association with the consultancy firm [Above, Abdul-Aziz Al-Farah (first on the left), on the runway renovation work and the Kuwait City with the Kuwait Civil Kuwait United Development (KUD), has been President of DGCA; Pablo Vázquez, President new fire extinguishing services building. AAviation Authority (DGCA) for an in charge of project management since March of Ineco; Sawsan Dashti, President of KUD, and amount of e3.1 million, to update the Master 2011 for the expansion of KIA (see itransporte Javier Cos, General Manager for International This is the company’s third job for Plan of the Kuwait International Airport (KIA). English Edition, Issue 2). Business and Development of Ineco]. Sangster, the country’s main tourist airport, following the Master Plan of 2009 and the First contract in this Asian country runway extension project in 2011. Nepal chooses Ineco to modernise its air sector or a three-year period, Ineco will navigation. It will also define the technological be responsible for planning and needs of the new CAAN and create a training .jm Fmodernising the Nepalese air sector. programme for civil aviation personnel. The It will design an Airport Programme, revise sum of the contract, the first awarded to Ineco aeronautical legislation to adapt it to in Nepal, amounts to e2.7 million, financed First air navigation international standards and restructure the by the Asian Development Bank. The Spanish job for Norway national civil aviation authority (CAAN) bid was selected over those presented by five into two separate entities: airports and air other groups from different countries. Publication of the Bergen airport aeronautical charts Spain and Sweden to Ineco-Capita Symonds to design one section of the HS2 neco has prepared for publication collaborate in ukraine he Spanish consortium for the Makkah–Madinah high-speed railway has appointed aeronautical charts of the Bergen airport In the next two years, Spain and K company HS2 Ltd designs will be used to inform the Pablo Vázquez, President & CEO of Ineco, as its top representative. Pablo Vázquez in Norway, for which it has also designed Programmed route I Sweden will execute a European Future extension has awarded 4 design hybrid bill documents that are Twill join the Board of Administrators of the consortium as the representative of Adif, flight procedures. project meant to assist Ukraine Ucontracts under Lot 1 due to be submitted to Parliament one of the 12 public and private companies of the group. The project comprises the design Leeds with the harmonisation of its of its Professional Services by the end of 2013. A Capita and construction of the railway and systems, the supply of 35 trains, as well as operation that Avinor, the air This is the first job air and airport regulations in Framework covering civil and Symonds-Ineco joint venture won and maintenance for 12 years. navigation services provider of Norway, Manchester order to adapt it to European structural design services. The the £11.1 million Country North has awarded Ineco after the framework
standards. Ineco is one of the Lichfield successful companies will prepare contract covering approximately The consortium is formed by 12 Spanish companies: Adif, Cobra, Consultrans, Copasa, agreement reached in 2011, which includes Spanish companies included in preliminary designs and work 78 kilometres of high-speed Dimetronic, Imathia, Inabensa, Ineco, Indra, OHL Internacional, Renfe and Talgo, which two more companies: the British NATS Birmingham the consortium. Both countries closely with HS2 Ltd, rail systems rail through Warwickshire and all together make up the Al Shoula group along with the Saudi firms Al Rosan and Al Shoula. and the French CGx-AeroinSYS. will supply the experience of their Old designers, environmentalists and Staffordshire, and the connection In February 2012, the group signed the agreement (see pages 78-79) budgeted at more Amersham Hartwell House civil aviation administrations. london land referencing companies. The to the West Coast Main Line. than e6.7 billion for the construction and startup of the high-speed railway line between Northoit Heathrow Makkah and Madinah (Saudi Arabia), known as the Haramain High-Speed Railway (HHR). St Pancras .no .ua6 7 International news Spanish rail technology for Lithuania Implementation of the Da Vinci platform The Baltic nation has also been implementing Medellin includes buses in the Da Vinci platform since 2010 to modernise its railway traffic management. In the next 24 months, its traffic management system Ineco will provide technical assistance to Indra (who Ineco will be in charge of supervision and technical developed the technology) for the implementation management in the expansion of the Traffic Management of the cable communication systems in order System (TMS) of the Colombian city of Medellin. The to integrate interlocking management in the system will incorporate the Metroplús, the new network Regulation and Control Centre. of articulated buses. The fully automated TMS is based on the Da Vinci technological platform of Adif.
EUROPEAN SATELLITE Work in Angola NAVIGATION Safety consultancy ÔTwo more for the Luanda airport years of ACCEPTA The participation of Ineco in the ACCEPTA (Accelerating EGNOS Adoption in Aviation) project has been extended to 2014. This project promotes the implementation üko Willms in aviation of procedures L o by o by and applications t
based on EGNOS, Pho the European Ineco is carrying out a safety and satellite naviga security study for Aena Interna tion system. The cional in the 4 de Fevereiro civilian company has and military airport of Luanda, the also extended capital of Angola. Its objective is its contract with to assess the status of operations the European Space Agreement with CAF and airport safety and security, in High Precision, Low Investment Agency (ESA) to provide he Latin American Development Bank CAF has signed order to identify the risks and rec systems engineering support for an agreement with Ineco to carry out studies on the ommend the appropriate correc EGNOS, the European Geostationary Navigation Overlay • Efficiency: Cost effective alternative to ILS CAT I, with EGNOS (European Geostationary Tinfrastructures of all transport modes. In recent years, tive measures. This study includes Service, was certified for civil aviation in March 2011. decision height down to 250ft (APV-I) free of charge. Navigation Overlay Service). the company has collaborated with this financial institution, diagnosing the current situation, It will improve air navigation both en route as well as during Airlines can reduce delays, diversions and cancellations comprised of 18 countries, on various projects. designing operation, safety and landing. due to bad weather. Other ground navaids can be phased ÔIneco leads security procedures, training out, reducing landing fees EGNOS enhances: the new European In the photo above, Enrique García, chairman of the CAF, and airport personnel, defining pro • Sustainability: More precise and shorter approaches FilGAPp project Pablo Vázquez, President & CEO of Ineco, at the signing of the cedures and tools for real-time • Accessibility : More airports can be reached with a CAT result in less fuel consumption, CO emissions, and noise. A consortium formed by 10 Euro agreement, which took place on May 29, 2012. management, and implementing I-like approach - including non-ILS equipped airports in 2 pean companies and led by Ineco a Quality Plan. challenging topographies or in bad weather. EGNOS-enabled receivers are widely available due to WAAS will carry out the new FilGAPP compatibility. The EGNOS signal may be used for approaches • Safety: Improved situational awareness will reduce the project (Filling the gap in GNSS using a certified receiver, FMS and SBAS procedure. Reducing pollution in transoceanic flights occurrence of Controlled Flight into Terrain. Advanced Procedures and oPera tions), which started in April 2012 Three new ‘green flight’ projects www.egnos-portal.eu designed to bridge the existing neco, in a consortium with other aeronautical campaign in 2009, a program financed jointly by technological gap between cur operators, airlines and air navigation the European company SESAR Joint Undertaking rent and future procedures and Icompanies, was awarded the projects and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) operations, based on the infor OPTA-IN, SMART and SATISFIED, within the of the United States. Its goal is to improve mation provided by global satellite framework of the AIRE initiative (Atlantic energy efficiency and reduce carbon emissions navigation systems such as GPS, Interoperability Initiative to Reduce Emissions). in transoceanic flights between the European EGNOS or Galileo. The company has participated in AIRE since its first continent and the United States.
8 It’s there. Use it. Precise navigation, powered by Europe 9 Railways | SPAIN | High-speed urban tunnel Mission accomplished Rw A feat of engineering under the streets of Barcelona
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Ô The tunnelling operation, through tunnel has served to highlight the accumulat- A unique project the very centre of Barcelona, ed experience on similar projects undertaken The project required two courses of action passing close to architectural by Adif and the companies that have partici- with accuracy down to the last millimetre. pated in its construction. One such company [1] Before the tunnelling equipment was treasures such as Gaudí’s Sagrada is Ineco, which has provided assistance in the used, protective structures were put in place Familia (Holy Family) and Casa Milá, field of site management, among other works. between the tunnel and the monumental has been successfully completed. With just 365 metres of cut-and-cover tun- buildings (pile screens). [2] Both before and Ineco participated in this major nel to connect to Sants station, the central during excavation, exhaustive inspections, civil-engineering project, ensuring phase of the project posed a technical chal- monitoring and auscultation were carried lenge that was completed on July 26, 2011, out, on the machinery, the ground and the the completion of the new rail after 16 months of work. actual tunnel itself, as well as on adjacent connection to the rest of Europe. The section excavated using the tunnel- buildings and other structures. ling machine runs under streets Mallorca, he first Spanish railway line to be fully Diagonal and Provenza, and does not pass The study and control phases were interoperable with the European net- under any buildings. Only Torre del Fang, a decisive in ensuring the success of the Twork will be completed when the final medieval farmhouse located on the screened excavation. 7,450 auscultation devices 132 kilometres that link Barcelona to the city section near the future La Sagrera station, is were used to inspect 535 buildings situated of Figueres are concluded. If we add the inter- situated above the tunnel. At the same time, on either side of the tunnel and a total of national section, the high-speed line will then it was possible to cross a densely populated 3,730 homes. The results surpassed even the total 804 kilometres, the longest such line in city centre dotted with buildings of incalcu- most positive forecasts: the plot subsidence Europe. This is an incredible achievement, re- lable artistic and architectural value, such as after the tunnelling machine had passed quiring a complex excavation process in which Sagrada Familia (Holy Family) and the Casa showed values that were far lower than the 5.78 kilometres-long urban tunnel cross- Milá, without these being affected. Both of the maximum allowed levels. This was ing under Barcelona’s streets plays a key role. these Antonio Gaudí masterpieces are included confirmed by the international committee Almost entirely excavated using an earth on the UNESCO (United Nations Educational, of experts who have been supervising the pressure balance (EPB) shield (the safest way Scientific and Cultural Organization)W orld work since May 2010. of digging through clay and sandy soil), the Heritage List.
Auscultation Sagrada Familia Street level A guarantee of safety. The progress of the tunnelling machine was constantly Pile screen
monitored, as well as the deployment of 3x3-metre concrete block a comprehensive instrumentation system Slab on the ground, in the tunnel and in the Tie beam adjacent buildings, providing real-time online supervision. The section as a whole was Sagrada Familia (Holy Family) consolidated terrain divided into 150-metre long auscultation As further protection, a pile screen was sub-sections with subsidence sections at added with 104 piles joined by a tie beam and a concrete block running lengthwise. 50-metre intervals in order to control any Pile screen possible deformations of the terrain. Adif The terrain was also reinforced with (1.5 metres 2,344 consolidating injections. in diameter) also put specific auscultation plans in place tunnel for the area’s monumental buildings.
10 11 The tunnel has served to highlight the accumulated experience on similar projects undertaken by Adif.
Casa Milá The photo to the left shows a rotary drilling rig working on the protective screen, similar to the one installed at the Sagrada Familia (Holy Family), although smaller in size. Ô How Barcelona’s heritage was protected Work completed by Ineco for Adif Ôla sagrada Familia ÔCasa Milá (La Pedrera) Management assistance on the DRAWING UP projects. Construction This is one of the best-known symbols of Casa Milá, popularly known as La Pedrera, Madrid–Barcelona–French border, offering projects to adapt track installations and Barcelona. Work on it began in 1882. The was built between 1906 and 1910. It is administrative and legal support, as well as complementary projects: project for funding for its construction comes from considered as one of the best examples of construction supervision and liaising with tunnel instrumentation, signalling and donations. Catalan modernism. UNESCO. communications facilities, environmental n A 230-metre long pile screen consisting n A pile screen consisting of 33 excavated studies, structure support and collaboration of 104 concrete piles measuring 1.5 metres concrete piles measuring 1.2 metres in Line management. Via its Technical in the supervision of stations. Supervision in diameter and at a depth of 42 metres, diameter, placed 1.7 metres apart and at a Line Management Bureau, Ineco provided work was also undertaken on the tunnel joined by a 3x3-metre concrete block. depth of 32 metres. valuable site monitoring, as well as drawing construction project and the shafts dug n Auscultation devices: 4 robotic surveying n Auscultation equipment: 2 monitored up reports for the Spanish High Court, using vertical tunnelling equipment. stations: 2 inside the temple and another stations, 44 survey control prisms, 27 survey UNESCO, etc. Environmental management. Review 2 in buildings inside Mallorca street to markers, 15 fissure meters. CONsTRUCTION management. Work and monitoring of work to ensure control exterior façades. 146 survey control management on the Lleida–Figueres section compliance with the Environmental Impact prisms, both in the building interiors and Ô (including the Sants–La Sagrera tunnel), Studies (EIS). their facades. 3 monitoring stations used Torre del Fang covering work such as management of the Information office. Situated alongside to control vibration levels, distributed A 16th century traditional Catalan masía platform works, support for geotechnical La Sagrera, its purpose is to provide throughout the surrounding area. 5 (farmhouse), modified in the 18th century. experts, structures, excavation and information on the project progress; auscultation sections, consisting of 65 n Special support for the structure of the instrumentation machinery, projects and receiving visits from foreign delegations, survey markers, 20 extensometers, 11 sliding building while the pile screens, piles and construction works supervision in the etc. This office was the venue chosen for micrometers, 17 inclinometers, 15 pressure micropiles were put in place, the roof slab surroundings of the La Sagrera-Nus de la the meetings of the UNESCO committee. cells on the site and 28 piezometers. 9 positioned and the tunnel excavated. Trinitat sub-section, expropriations, and Other tasks. Construction management accelerometers in the building interior n 41 auscultation devices in total: robotic the supervision and surveillance of the and technical assistance on the new to monitor vibration levels. 39 survey prisms, levelling screws, survey markers, platform work completed between La Roca La Sagrera-Meridiana commuter station, markers and 2 extra rod extensometers at vibrating wire piezometers, inclinometers and Figueres. which was opened in February 2011. the tunnel axis. and rod extensometers.
Instrumentation the tunnelling equipment had passed, with devices installed both inside and outside the Technical specifications Some of the graphs on pages 12 and 14 negligible subsidence (displacement). At the building. The photo above displays control reveal the results of measurements after Sagrada Familia (see page 12), it shows the points on the façade and roof of Casa Milá. Total length 5.78 kilometres Shafts 6 in total: 5 have been built DiameteR Excavation: 11.4 metres between concrete walls and the other SCREENS / 365 metres TUNNELLING MACHINE / 5,095 metres SCREENS / 321 metres Internal: 10.40 metres one using vertical tunnelling equipment. Future Sants La Sagrera Depth Between 9 and 28 metres Station Casa station Milá Track Double slab track with Sagrada Torre Familia del Fang Construction methods embedded rail, international gauge (UIC) n Initial and final sections: cut-and-cover and state-of-the-art track apparatus. Tunnelling extraction shaft Ventilation shafts Ineco and the Sants-Sagrera tunnel and emergency exits tunnel between concrete walls (measuring 2x25 Kv, 50 Hz catenary and safety systems Mallorca street Entry shaft for Rafael Rodríguez, Director of the Northeast between 321 and 365 metres). covering ERTMS and digital ASFA circulation tunnelling machine High-Speed Line (in the centre), accompanied Protective screens n EPB tunnelling machine for the rest and control facilities, as well as fixed and TUNNEL PLAN by other members of the Ineco team: Jorge Main installation shaft (5,095 metres). mobile communications. Laguna, María Alfonso, Area Director José María Urgoiti, Luis Ubalde and Antoni Freixa. 12 13 ‘The UIC-gauge connection to Europe is a major milestone’ Q&A Rafael Rodríguez Gutiérrez Director of the Northeast High-Speed Line
pain is one of the most advanced coun- tional passenger traffic –above all tourist and satisfaction to see the achievements made tries in the world when it comes to business travel– will increase. with these three tunnelling machines. Shigh-speed rail, but one matter needed to be dealt with: the intermodal connection How would you describe the experience of What do you think are the main new fea- with the rest of continental Europe. having three tunnelling machines working tures that this line has introduced? at the same time on one line? As I already mentioned, this was the first line From a management point of view, what In Barcelona, the feelings of local people to incorporate ERTMS. However, I would like does it mean to oversee Spain’s longest were extremely important with respect to to highlight our control over subsidence as high-speed rail line and one of the longest the tunnels as a result of other events in the the tunnelling equipment passed below, with in the world? past. There was also the issue of the histori- a team consisting of engineers, contractors, It is a great honour due to the huge impor- cal monuments in the area. In Girona, it was Ineco, Adif, etc. Everything came together so tance of this project, and a weighty respon- impossible to plot the route of the tunnel that we were able to ensure exemplary behav- sibility because of the human and economic without passing below 44 buildings, meaning iour in site management. resources needed to bring it to a successful conclusion. A lifetime dedicated As far as the different technical aspects to the rail sector Rafael Rodríguez is a civil engineer are concerned, what are the main elements who joined Adif (the Spanish railway that set this line apart from the rest of the infrastructures administrator) in 2005. rail network? In 2007 he took charge of the The line has two main characteristics: it con- Infrastructure Department for the nects to Europe (it is not a closed line within Madrid–Barcelona–Figueres high-speed the Peninsula) and it allows mixed freight and line, then he was appointed as Manager of passenger traffic.W ith these two aspects, the the Northeast High-Speed Line. As we go UIC-gauge connection to Europe is a major to press, he has been named Adif’s Deputy step forward for Spanish railways and one Director of High-Speed Construction. which is at the heart of the idea of interoper ability: for the first time, it will be possible Rafael Rodríguez (above, on the left) with to connect the Spanish network to the Euro- José María Urgoiti, Director of Ineco’s Rail Ineco’s contribution pean one using the same gauge, thus reducing Projects, Works and Maintenance Area. Rafael Rodríguez values Ineco’s attitude In the background, the Bac de Roda bridge, travel time. The line is also the first to use the since work on the line began, both in terms near the future La Sagrera station. ERTMS communications system, as well as the of supervision and when compiling data and first to pass fromL evel 1 to Level 2. project engineering. ‘I understand that its that extra safety measures needed to be taken. work is not limited to infrastructures, but also How do you think these exclusive features Finally, regarding the third tunnelling ma- covers the whole superstructure and all its of the line will influence how it evolves chine at Montcada, although it didn’t pass subsystems’, he said. ‘This is of fundamental going forward? below any building, it nevertheless ran right importance, because it reinforces Adif’s work It will result in great benefits, both economic alongside a local commuter railway line (Cer- (...) Ineco’s main characteristic is that it is and environmental: it will lead to a reduc- canías), something that could have resulted in a key tool for exporting Spanish know-how tion in the number of heavy vehicles using unwanted interference with other rail traffic. regarding the construction, maintenance and the roads; it is also highly likely that interna- Despite our great responsibility, it is a great operation of a high-speed line’.
14 15 railways | SPAIN | High-speed Sights set high Rw Ineco involved in commissioning the Ourense–Santiago section of rail
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Ô Ineco has worked alongside Adif implementation stages, providing site and en- Enviromental management in all the stages of development vironmental management services, technical of the line: 87.1 kilometres assistance, supervision, coordination, on-site Environmental restoration. The well as numerous settling basins for water technical consultancy and maintenance. excavations for the tunnels created over 20 overspill and runoff from the excavation of new track spanning rugged Along with the existing stretch of track be- million cubic metres of surplus soil, which should be note. The risk of landslides was terrain, part of the Atlantic Axis tween Santiago and A Coruña (modernised was disposed of at a number of sites in order prevented by installing 34,693 metres of and the forthcoming high-speed in 2009), the new section represents the first to minimise impact on the landscape. retaining barriers made from hay bales. Madrid–Galicia rail corridor. high-speed rail corridor in Galicia, 150 kilo- Once the earth-moving works had metres in total (50 kilometres less than the concluded, 646,822 m2 of land were seeded, Fauna protection. As far as the fauna is his stretch of track is a veritable feat original layout), much of which runs through a further 2,897,844 m2 were hydroseeded, concerned, the measures taken consisted of engineering: how best to cross the tunnels and over viaducts. On the Ourense to and 160,870 trees were planted. In order of fencing off the rail platform with 51,470 Tvery hilly terrain, with over 30 rivers, Santiago section alone, 31 tunnels and 38 via- to guarantee the success of the restoration metres of metal railings, as well as facilitating some of which are at the heart of rich ecosys- ducts have been built (60% of the total length), work, autochthonous species were selected. the passage of animals to avoid what is tems, highways, conventional rail tracks, roads halving the travel time between the two cities. The replanted areas were then monitored to known as the barrier effect, although this and villages, and create a track layout capa- From an environmental point of view, the check the erosive effects of rain, which has a was minimised due to the height of the ble of handling high-speed trains travelling great height of these structures has helped tendency to wash away plant cover. To avoid structures. Twenty-five transversal drainage at between 200 kph (in the case of the Talgo to minimise the impact on the ground, al- this, fast-growing species were planted and systems and one overpass were prepared as IV) and 250 kph (CAF-Alstom’s Avant 121), though there were some temporary effects some areas were reseeded. fauna passageways, 995 metres of animal and up to 350 kph in the future. Such is the arising from the vast earth movement opera- The banks of 32 rivers were also restored, protection fencing were installed, as well Ourense-Santiago section of track, which was tions, the occupation of available spaces, site with 34,031.10 m2 of land hydroseeded, 220 as different escape devices and mechanisms. commissioned by Adif on December 11, 2011: waste, noise and impact on vegetation. The trees planted and another 69 transplanted Compensatory steps were also adopted to a brand-new 87.1 kilometre-long twin-track Ineco team took responsibility for controlling into the public park in Santiago. counterbalance the occupation of the rail connection, fully electrified and reserved all of these aspects and implementing the Ulla-Deza River System SCI. exclusively for passengers. preventive, protective and corrective measures Water quality. Another of the tasks facing Ineco was involved in every stage of the outlined in the Environmental Impact Studies Viaduct over the River ulla the environmental management team Other environmental work. Environmental project; the development, construction and (EIS). was the need to preserve the quality of work also extended to the restoration of land the river water. To do so, strict control was temporarily expropriated for the duration Overcoming obstacles Ferrol Unique structures maintained over wastewater discharges of the construction work before returning A Coruña The entire area is criss-crossed by rivers, The AVE of the north On the A Coruña–Santiago section, almost from the work on the 60 tunnel mouths it to its owners, as well as the installation Santiago de Lugo The Ourense–Santiago section of rail with the Arenteiro, Sáramo and Viñao worthy Compostela 40% of the layout runs over viaducts or of the 30 tunnels excavated, the numerous of 16,420 m2 of acoustic panels and waste commissioned in December 2011 links of special mention. All of these are crossed through tunnels, among which we should concrete-mixing plants required and the management initiatives. up with the section of the Santiago to by viaducts between 1,100 and 1,400 metres Vigo Ourense highlight Meirama (3,468 metres), Nemenzo various machinery depots. The points of Environmental management was not limited A Coruña line that has already been long. The Rivers Deza and Ulla, which are also (3,177 metres) and Bregua (2,993 metres). greatest ecological interest, such as the to platform work, but also to other stages modernised, forming an axis with a total crossed by viaducts (the Ulla viaduct features In building the Ourense–Santiago section, Ulla-Deza River System SCI (Site of of the project: the O Irixo assembly base length of 150 kilometres. It is part of the pillars 120 metres high, the highest structure construction techniques rarely seen in Spain Community Importance), were subject (currently used for maintenance), track ‘Atlantic Axis’ (to be extended to Vigo, in the Spanish high-speed network), form Portugal have been employed, such as the wishbone to special controls and monitoring. assembly and electrification work, as well as Zamora Ferrol and Lugo) and the high-speed rail an ecosystem that has been classified as a spain strut system used on the central arches of With regards to the work undertaken, the other rail facilities and systems. With the line Medina del Campo corridor that will link Galicia to the centre SCI (Site of Community Importance), with the O Eixo and Deza viaducts; or the viaduct building of 47 impermeable settling basins currently operational, Ineco is carrying out of the Peninsula. riverside vegetation of great natural beauty. over the River Ulla, with a central arch over to treat water from tunnels and auxiliary an inventory of environmental structures Madrid–galicia high-speed rail corridor. 168 metres high, with pillars standing over facilities, featuring automatic PH correction on behalf of Adif in order to offer support to Section Medina–Santiago 90 metres tall. systems and grease separation devices, as maintenance teams.
16 17 Along with the existing stretch of track between Santiago and A Coruña (modernised in 2009), the new section represents the first high-speed rail corridor in Galicia.
THE O IRIXO ASSEMBLY AND MAINTENANCE BASE on-site work ÔProject stage PREPARING THE PLATFORM PROJECT for the FFC-COMSA joint venture, on the Ourense–Lalín section, Amoeiro–Maside and Maside–Carballiño sub-sections: includes 7 viaducts, 3 conventionally excavated tunnels and 6 cut-and-cover tunnels. THE O IRIXO ASSEMBLY AND MAINTENANCE BASE. Basic and construction projects. ÔWorks stage TECHNICAL CONSULTANCY AND ASSISTANCE TO THE LINE MANAGEMENT TEAM. Daily monitoring of the work on site (platform, track, electrification, installations, fixed and mobile telecommunications and civil protection). Supervision of work planning. Platform. construction and instrumentation management teams, assessment of reception load test structures, geotechnical engineering and tunnels. Financial monitoring of the works. Execution of an extensive instrumentation campaign covering various sections of the platform (embankments, cuttings and transition slopes). STANDARDISATION AND COMPILATION OF DOCUMENTATION (2006-2008). Tunnels. construction management and technical assessment on civil protection work in tunnels. SELF-PROTECTION PLANS. Preparation and maintenance. Viaducts. RECEPTION LOAD TESTS on 8 viaducts, with lengths up to 1,176 metres and a maximum pile height of 98 metres. Work included the installation of electronic sensors, various static, dynamic and braking tests, and collation of the results. TRACK SUPERSTRUCTURE. CONSULTANCY AND ASSISTANCE TO THE CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT TEAM when assembling the track. Access to Ourense (connection to the conventional line Zamora–A Coruña line, allowing access to Ourense station), linking up with codeso cut-and-cover tunnel silleda traction substation ourense station the ‘Atlantic Axis’ (under construction). Traffic and traction service control, and final tests. CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT for track-laying on the O Irixo–Santiago section. The Iberian gauge and LOGISTICS AND QUALITY CONTROL OF RAIL SUPPLIES: ballast, rails, sleepers, fastening Heritage protection mechanisms, track apparatus. Supervision of installation of materials. Assembly and commissioning multi-purpose sleepers In coordination with the Xunta de Galicia of line switches. The original plan was to install the international (regional Government), a programme SECURITY AND COMMUNICATIONS INSTALLATIONS. SUPERVISION AND SURVEILLANCE of gauge track with gauge switching at Santiago designed to monitor protection for local the following works: signalling facilities, fixed telecommunications, CTC, protection and train and Ourense stations. Later, Adif decided to historical and cultural heritage was protection systems, supply and installation of the DaVinci integration system, overhead contact install the Iberian gauge track with PR-01 implemented. Special mention should be line and associated systems, traction electrical substations and associated auto-transformation multi-purpose sleepers, allowing the changeover made here of the archaeological finds centres and energy remote control systems. to be made without the need to vary either the of the ‘Mámoa’ (prehistoric burial track axis or the gauge or affecting the other Stations. SANTIAGO: consultancy and assistance to the remote management team mound) at Chousa Nova, near Silleda, installations. Adif highlighted the fact that regarding the modernisation of the Santiago station. Alterations to alignment to give access to the the Castriño de Bendoiro tombs at Lalín, new line. OURENSE: SITE MANAGEMENT AND HEALTH & SAFETY COORDINATION of modernisation this option represented ‘significant financial and the Roman remains at Santa Catalina, work at the Ourense station. savings’, as well as meaning it was possible to all in the province of Ourense. INSTALLATION AND MANAGEMENT OF THE ADIF INFORMATION OFFICE at the Santiago station. ‘isolate the axis until it was definitively put into service’ on the Madrid–Galicia line. ÔMaintenance Once the line was in operation, maintenance from the base at O Irixo. 18 19 Railways | Estonia | Public transport update More efficient and eco-friendly trams Rw Sustainable urban transport in Tallinn
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Ô Ineco has worked for the public track and power, which will be financed by played an important role in the economic and authorities of Tallinn in the European Commission Cohesion Funds. social development of the city, particularly modernisation of Line 4 of The capital of the Republic of Estonia is the during the Middle Ages, the period in which its THE ANALYSIS most populated city in the nation (400,000 historic centre was built (recognised in 1997 its tram system. In two years, Complete study of Line 4 inhabitants), and is also its financial and po- by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site). trams will continue to form part litical centre. Due to its strategic location in In the last 20 years (since Estonia gained ÔCURRENT SITUATION of the picturesque scenery of this the maritime route between Western Europe independence from the Soviet Union in 1991), Line 4 of the Tallinn tram network passes beautiful medieval city, but they and Russia, its commercial seaport has always tourism and new technologies have driven its through the central district of Kesklinn, will be more modern. economy, particularly in the IT sector. The im- which contains the old town and the passenger provement in public transport will contribute port of the city. Ineco’s study includes an EXPERIENCE WITH TRAMS to increase its use, reducing the high number analysis of the current situation of the line, he Tram and Trolley-bus Company of Ineco has participated in recent years of private vehicles currently in circulation and considering both the infrastructure and Tallinn (TTTK) entrusted Ineco with the in many studies and projects for trams, the concentration of atmospheric pollutants superstructure as a starting point for defining Texecution of the improvement and metro and light metro rail, both in Spain in the city centre. the operational problems (mainly related to modernisation of its Line 4, which connects (Madrid, Seville, Tenerife, León, Alicante Tallinn’s four tram lines (see below) cover the the age of the rolling stock, tracks, equipment the neighbourhood of Tondi to the old town and Almería, among others) and abroad entire city, connecting peripheral districts with and installations), and proposing the best and Ülemiste, near the Lennart Meri airport. (Algiers, Belgrade and Amman). the historic centre. This is the most convenient solutions for each case. This project is part of the plan to develop pub- mode of transport for the numerous tourists lic transport in this city. It arises from Assigned who visit the city every year. The new units that ÔBASIS FOR Amount Units Purchase Agreement (AAUPA) will replace the current trams (Tatra KT4 and THE MODERNISATION under a Greening Investment Scheme be- KT6) are expected to arrive in 2014. Ineco’s technical assistance has developed tween the Spanish Ministry of the Environ- a full preliminary design for renewing tram ment and Rural and Marine Affairs, and the TALLINN tracks and the electrical substations. It also TRAM NETWORK Estonian Ministry of the Environment, which has considered the technical specifications in coming years will invest in the creation of required for the new trams and the strategy a more environmentally friendly public trans- for implementing the modernisation program, Baltic Sea port system. which revolves around three main goals: With the financing obtained from the 1|2 improving the quality, the service level Greening Investment Scheme, Tallinn expects Industrial seaport and the environmental aspects. As a whole, to invest about e45 million in trams with a the document sets out the technical grounds greater transport capacity, outfitted with mod- for the modernisation programme. ern technology that allows them to achieve Train station Seaport greater energy efficiency (such as recycling 1|3 ÔECONOMIC STUDY braking, onboard energy storage systems, im- Historic centre Ineco’s project also includes a cost-benefit proved insulation materials, etc.). analysis and a general estimate for the 2|4 financing of the infrastructure actions using In principle, 16 European Commission Cohesion Funds. An important improvement. Ülemiste new trams will replace the old vehicles of Line TALLINN Line 4
4, representing an important improvement for rmain Airport ge public transport users. This action is completed 3|4 with the work on infrastructure, mainly on the m
y Tondi b
2 km photo ARCEL 20 21 With the financing obtained from the Greening Investment Scheme, Tallinn expects to invest about e45 million in trams with a greater transport capacity.
DIAGNOSIS MAIN ACTIONS Modernisation Improvements in service, tracks and rolling stock ÔFALL IN DEMAND ÔPLATFORM AND TRACK Ineco’s diagnosis determined that the rolling Ineco has presented a modernisation plan have also been considered. In this sense, the stock, infrastructure and superstructure that includes actions for improving traffic project considers the need to cover the train of the track were obsolete, and that tram and service, renewing the tracks and rolling depot area to protect it from heavy snow and demand had fallen by 75% in the last 20 stock, and their subsequent maintenance. rain. years. Line 4 is 16 kilometres long, with a gauge For the platform, the geotechnical study To improve the safety of passengers and of 1,067 milimetres and a diverse track has shown that it is necessary to carry out pedestrians, a new vertical and horizontal superstructure, including sections on ballast, a full renewal of the ground in the segments signalling is proposed, as well as suitable slab track sections and different types of that will be renovated. For this purpose, it lighting at stops (which will be provided with rails and sleepers (of which 60% are wood). is considered necessary to excavate about weather protection). It has 17 stops used by more than 8 million 1 metre, filling and compacting the subsoil passengers per year. The line has 6 electrical with better quality materials. BETTER accessibility and urban insertion traction substations that are 40 to 50 years in all stops and redesign of 2 stops. old. In rush hours it can have up to 16 trams For the tracks, a slab track with in service (with an average age of 30 years). embedded rails will be installed, with 2 new ÔELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY crossovers allowing new bi-directional trams With regard to power supply, Ineco considers ÔFULL RENEWAL to change direction. There are different it necessary to remodel 5 traction electrical The proposal to modernise the line is to options for the surface finish: asphalt substations and to overhaul another, renew renew and completely reinforce the platform pavement in sectors shared by trams and the catenary wiring and update the energy and tracks –which need to increase their automobiles, and tiles or grass elsewhere. remote control system to deal with the load capacity per axle-, the electrical power New frame for the outside parking greater energy requirements in the renewed supply equipment, the depot, accessibility TRACK CROSS SECTION tracks located at the depot. Protection of rolling stock and tracks sections. at the stops, etc., using European standards that are damaged by automobiles passing over as a reference and always considering the THE NEW DESIGN IN FIGURES them. Whenever possible, it is proposed to ÔNEW TRAMS requirements of the new rolling stock. n 10.86 kilometres of track to be n 9 kilometres of reinforcement feeder separate the two types of traffic, prioritising They will have greater passenger capacity and In addition, a geotechnical study has been improved on the line. and replacement of 5 catenary posts. the tram, as well as reinforcement treatments a design adapted to the new infrastructure, performed to check the resistance of the n 2 stops redesigned: Vineeri and n 5 new traction substations and rebuilding for the track and pavement material. It is according to European standards and energy ground in view of the greater axle load of Vadabuse Väljak. of an existing one. recommended to install elastomeric elements saving requirements. They shall have a low the new trams, and improvement proposals n 21 stops with improved accessibility. n Refurbishment of 14 traction transformers to dampen vibrations in places where there floor over 70% of their total length. They will have been made for the accessibility of n 22 switches, 2 crossovers and 2 scissors (2,250 kVA each). are buildings less than 7 metres from the also have bidirectional traction, radiant floor persons with limited mobility and for the crossings (crossings of parallel tracks n 16 new trams with an approximate length track. heating and air conditioning, and should be urban integration of the line. in both directions) in order to improve of 33 metres each. corrosion resistant, suitable for the extreme operation. n 250 passengers per vehicle. low winter temperatures and the weather conditions. Vehicles will be provided n New cover for the outside parking tracks. n Trams with low floors (over 70% of their proximity of the Baltic Sea, which affect with onboard energy storage systems and n 2 new parking tracks of 70 metres each, total length), bidirectional traction, radiant the state of the tram tracks and rolling stock, recycling braking energy systems. subsidence Simulation model providing parking for 4 new trams. floor heating and air conditioning. 22 23 Railways | SPAIN | Fibre optics communications network The medium is the future Rw Railway applications for fibre optics
Published in itransporte 39
Fibre optics is the basis for The purpose of a fibre optic infrastructure that a large number of optical fibres must be Use and protection the design of high-speed rail, deployment is to support a network tech- assigned. Their design offers higher security The fibre optic cables typically used in railway conventional rail, tram and metro nology used to transmit numerous railway conditions, with redundancy mechanisms for telecommunications projects are 16, 32, 64, communications services, such as signalling, paths and equipment. Ineco prepares opti- 96 and 128 FO. lines. It plays a key role as a GSM-R (Global System for Mobile Communi cal fibre allocation tables per cable in order Adif’s high-speed lines use 32 FO cables to conductor of information. Ineco cations-Railway), passenger information sys- to define occupancy status. Second, railway support trunk transmission networks and 96 is incorporating fibre optics as a tems (PIS), remote control, etc. administrations are offering dark fibres com- FO cables for the deployment of access and medium for its network projects. mercially to serve as transmission media for dedicated service networks. They use 16 FO Network designs differ greatly depending other operators. It is very normal to rent opti cables to perform segregations to different ibre optics currently represents the on the type of operation, the capacity of the cal fibresto mobile telephone operators and sites (providing access to communications physical medium par excellence for trains on the line and the services the rail- other public administrations for the develop- networks) to generate Fall Detector meshes Fthe transmission of large quantities of way operator wants to offer. Ineco provides ment of FTTH (Fibre To The Home) projects. and to link FOR repeaters inside tunnels to data over long distances at high speeds. Such consultancy services to clients, deploying the To use a road construction analogy, railway the Base Stations (BTS) for the GSM-R railway communications are based on the transmis- networks best suited to their needs during the operators are usually not interested in roads service. sion of information using light as a conductor. project and construction phases. with large lanes for heavy vehicles, but rather If the total number of fibres to be given The use of light for sending and delivering Satisfying the needs of railway operators in roads with a larger number of smaller lanes, connectivity in a communications technical information dates back to ancient Greece, does not mean offering extremely high band- so that the total number of light vehicles can room exceeds 16, the segregation cable will where a rudimentary but effective mirror width capacities per service, except in certain be increased. be 32 FO or higher. Other lines use 64, 96 architecture was used. The reflection allowed cases, such as video transmission services for The cost of deploying a fibre optics infra- or 128 FO cables for installation on the line, coded information to be sent to a receiver lo- security maintenance, although there is high structure is high, but because it is a long-term providing support for operational services and cated some distance away. However, this sys- demand in terms of the number of fibres and a scalable investment, it is sure to have a network architectures. tem and similar methods developed in France needed per route on a line. There are two long life. Once the cable is laid, technologi- Some cables have covers to protect them in the mid 20th century (which made it pos- large dispersions and losses of information. This is how fibre optics was born, a revo- main reasons for this. First, the generation of a cal advances in transmission equipment and from rodents and fire. However, these are sible to increase the distance of the link) posed The solution was to design a cable to confine lutionary element that solves the problems large number of networks enables them to be optical interfaces will allow the latter to be re- not sufficient to completely prevent service a major problem: the light was transmitted and guide the light transmission to its final raised by the use of electrical signals as a physically independent at all levels (fibre op- placed, thus offering better conditions in terms outages. Protection against a cut in the cable through an open space, which generated destination. physical transmission medium. tics and transmission equipment). This means of bandwidth and transmission distance. or a failure in the laser emitting the light is just as important as fire resistance. This is Ineco projects solved by using different network topology Ineco applies these network architecture ÔConstruction project for signalling, fixed commRed de comunicacionesunications network designs.The Fixed Communications personnel Detectors Video surveillance designs in order to guarantee the security telecommunications, centralised traffic tunnel mouth at Ineco’s High-Speed Line Facilities business and protection conditions required for control, protection and security, and train ✆ unit use different options in the network railway service. All of these projects are protection systems for the high-speed line Control Centre topology designs they prepare for projects. based on the deployment of a fibre optics between Ourense and Santiago, and the communications network. Albacete–Alicante, La Encina–Valencia and TWO MAIN TASKS. Ineco also ensures that Router ÔProject to develop the internal Monforte del Cid–Murcia sections of the these cables satisfy the regulatory, technical communications network for local FEVE Madrid–Levante high-speed line. specifications and client demands through (Spanish Narrow Gauge Railway Lines) two main tasks: the homologation and networks. Orejo–Carranza line. certification procedure for optical fibre ÔConstruction project for signalling and manufacturing companies, and factory Processor communications facilities. Manacor–Artá Interlocking acceptance of cabling orders for particular Fibre optics splicing process. ✆ ✆ (Majorca) section. PIS Voice over IP (VoIP) projects, including the corresponding tests.
24 25 Railways | SPAIN | Site and environmental management Against the clock, against the mountain Rw Modernisation of the conventional Bobadilla–Algeciras line
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Ineco took part in comprehensive Adif (Spain’s railway infrastructures admin Existing structures have been strengthened modernisation work on the first istrator) began work on the line in the year with some new additions. The signalling was section (59.6 kilometres), on the 2007. Since then, they have included the also modernised and a CTC (Centralised Traf- complete renovation of the roadbed, with fic Control) centre was added at Gaucín. Also Bobadilla–Algeciras line, the only the replacement of ballast, sleepers and rails, planned (currently at the project stage) is the rail link to Spain’s largest port. improved drainage and the installation of electrification of the whole line. The work undertaken was highly PR-01 multi-purpose sleepers from Ronda Environmental protection measures meant complex due to the rugged hilly to the entrance to La Indiana station, and the that restrictions had to be introduced, such as terrain on this stretch. multiple-width AM-05 sleepers from the en- preventing access to various work areas. Staff trance to La Indiana to the exit to San Pablo and the material being used had to be taken mprovements to this old, conventional de Buceite station, making circulation com- right to the roadbed: 1,000 workers, 250,000 single-track non-electrified railway line patible with both Iberian (1,668 mm) and UIC tonnes of ballast, 100,000 sleepers and more I(it was opened in 1890) were difficult due (1,435 mm) gauge. than 120 kilometres of rails. to the rugged hilly terrain, which runs through the Guadiaro river gorge in the Serranía de Ronda mountain range, the environmental protection measures implemented and the need to carry out the work as swiftly as pos- track assembly. The existing fill was replaced with retaining walls. The construction of retaining sible, owing to its strategic nature. With a sandy ballast and new PR-01 and AM-05 multi-purpose walls and the installation of barriers and other total length of 177.5 kilometres, it is the only sleepers were installed, as were 60 E1 and UIC-54 rails. elements is basic in order to improve safety. rail link between Algeciras and the rest of the Spanish network. After the modernisation work carried out on the first 59.6 kilometres, the track material and new platform are now suitable for speeds up to 160 kph, with sidings at certain stations Helicopters were used in order Specialist climbing staff were designed for large 750-metre freight trains. to transport the dynamic barriers. needed to position the metal mesh.
Ineco’s participation Work around the clock, seven days a week Ineco undertook site and environmental Worthy of special mention among the work undertaken is the reinforcement and management and provided technical assistance, protection of embankments, earthworks slopes and banks to prevent the effects from as well as monitoring two of the three sections flooding and the frequent landslides caused by the abundant rainfall in the area. Work of the line: Ronda–Cortes de la Frontera and on the first two sections of this stretch of the line was divided into two phases. The Cortes–San Pablo de Buceite. As far as the final second and more complex section required the closure of the line to rail traffic for a section (San Pablo–Algeciras) is concerned, period of 6 months in order to carry out major work that was incompatible with normal studies of alternatives and environmental rail usage. Here, for example, in order to transport and install on the earthworks slopes documentation have been prepared, along some of the elements offering protection against landslides, it was necessary to use with the drafting of the Almoraima–Algeciras helicopters and specialist climbing staff. In addition to this inherently complicated labor construction project, which includes a branch was the added difficulty posed by the copious rainfall and the urgent need to reopen reinforced tunnels. A total of 14 tunnels between cut-and-cover tunnels. More than 200 large prefabricated line between the San Roque freight station and the line, meaning that work had to continue around the clock, 7 days a week. the port. Energy studies and projects have also Ronda and San Pablo were modernised and reinforced before concrete lintels (especially designed for this project) were used been prepared covering the whole line. lowering the tunnel invert in order to increase headroom. in order to construct 575 metres of cut-and-cover tunnels. 26 27 railways | SPAIN | Remote event data recording system Level crossing ahead! Rw Since 1998, Ineco has participated in over 70 installation projects
Published in itransporte 43
A new system means it is no Nevertheless, the system, only allows data Seguridad y Mantenimiento), is structured on GENERAL ARCHITECTURE longer necessary to collect to be collected at the level crossing in ques- three different levels: OF THE CRYSSMA SYSTEM tion, with the information downloaded onto control data from automated OPERATIONS a computer via a specificI T programme. Over n “Concentration”, consisting of all the equip- level crossing equipment ‘in situ’, TERMINAL time, it became apparent that this need to ment installed on the track, in order to obtain facilitating maintenance and consult logs in situ was problematic for main- information on an unlimited number of level VPN OF THE LEVEL therefore improving safety. tenance staff, as it was not possible to have crossings GSM CROSSING IN PHONE n THE ADIF DTF information on breakdowns in advance. This “Centralisation”, consisting of all the equip- NETWORK NETWORK fter automatic semi-barriers were led to the idea of accessing the information ment needed for one or more stations to installed in Spain at level crossings remotely and in real time via computer, in centralise the information received from the Ain 1987, Adif (the Spanish railway order to facilitate maintenance and ensure loggers installed at an unlimited number of infrastructures administrator) began to in- improved safety, both for the trains and the level crossings ALERT OPERATION stall a local operation monitoring system, other vehicles using the crossing, by reducing n “Operation”, consisting of the elements re- LEVEL GSM LEVEL known as an event recorder, throughout the repair times. quired to represent and process the informa- modem system. Similar to the black boxes used on tion from these central stations aircraft, these loggers permanently record Technical assistance. And so, in 2009, Adif This structure provides access to each of CENTRALISATION LEVEL everything that happens at the installa- requested Ineco to provide technical assis- the event loggers from a terminal station tion. The equipment is installed in the level tance in concentrating the loggers and safety and allows the relevant information to be crossing cabin and features three logging supervision at 263 level crossings situated downloaded without the need to visit the TRACK LEVEL levels: on various lines in the general interest rail various crossings. The system gathers the in- network. The company then took charge of formation, stores it for subsequent process- WAN NETWORK OF LEVEL CROSSING EVENT LOGGERS n Level “0” collects all the input signals for the lay out works, controlling the installation ing and analyses it in order to detect possible a set time, depending on the installation type. of the necessary equipment and performing exceptions. Furthermore, if any such excep- n Level “1” records technical incidents not the various tests and commissioning. The sys- tions are detected, an alarm can be sent via related to safety. tem, known as CRYSSMA (Sistema de Cen- SMS to mobile phones, thus creating a fourth ISP ISP ISP ISP ISP ISP n Level “2” logs all failures affecting safety. tralización de Registradores y Supervisión de level, known as the “alert level”. Ineco and level crossing protection Level crossing clasification Main purposes of Ineco has been working with Adif’s Level Level crossings can be classified according to crossings are manned systems with crossing keeper. the CRYSSMA system Crossing Department since 1998, providing the protection systems. Class ‘A’ crossings only Finally, Class ‘F’ are exclusively for pedestrians n To log and save any change in the status technical assistance to site management. use fixed signals. Class ‘B’ have acoustic and light and/or livestock. of supervised vital elements in a protective The company has participated in over 70 level signalling. These are the most common as a result When installing protection, the choice between installation at a level crossing. crossing installation projects, such as automatic of their proven effectiveness and the advantage Class ‘B’ or ‘C’ depends on the visibility of the level n To detect possible breakdowns or exceptions. semi-barriers, acoustic and light signalling, they have in reducing the time that the crossing crossing and a statistical indicator known as the n To immediately send notification of any such and pedestrian protection systems. On a is closed due to the absence of barriers. Class ‘C’ ‘moment of circulation’ (AxT), the result of the exceptions and, if possible, information on parallel basis, since 2007 it has collaborated level crossings are protected by semi-barriers, product of average daily intensity of vehicles and the nature of the latter, to the system user on modernisation work on existing double semi-barriers or barriers (either automatic the number of trains passing per day. If this is equal terminals, and by SMS. installations, both in order to bring them up or interlocking) and are reserved for points where to or greater than 1,500, the crossing must be n To facilitate access to the saved information DOWNLOADING LOGS. Data can be to the standard required by current legislation transit levels are high. Class ‘D’ crossings are removed. Another protection element on Class ‘B’, for analysis purposes. downloaded from the logger, either ‘in and to replace equipment that has come to standing instructions regiment, using manual ‘C’ and ‘F’ crossings is the ‘rail signal’, which informs situ’ or remotely, from a terminal station. the end of its useful life (around 25 years). chains, barriers and semi-barriers. Class ‘E’ the level crossing status to the train driver.
28 29 railways | SPAIN | High-speed Sustenance for the Spanish AVE Rw Transformers for the high-speed rail network Technical specifications and supervision Published in itransporte 42
Ineco is responsible for technical The work basically consists of controlling, additional requirements and the common ref- specifications and supervision monitoring and providing organisational sup- erence standards. Worthy of special mention of traction substation equipment port for the supplies managed by Adif’s Energy are the UNE-EN 60076 Power Transformers set Department, with the point of departure be- of standards (the most recent applicable ver- and auto-transformation centres ing the general plans for the projects and the sion of each), the UNE-EN 50329:2004 Rail- required to supply power to new work schedules that apply to each supplier’s way Applications. Fixed installations. Traction high-speed lines. contracts. Transformers, the UNE–EN 60694:1998 Com- The high-speed lines for which Ineco was mon Stipulations for High Voltage Switchgear neco is currently involved in quality control hired to carry out these tasks are the South, and Controlgear Standards , as well as the at the 26 new electrical substations and Northwest, Levante and the Madrid–Valla UNE-EN 62271 High Voltage Switchgear and Itheir respective auto-transformation cen- dolid–North lines. Works on the Ourense–San- Transportation of equipment to an Controlgear (the most recent applicable ver- tres (around 130), which are responsible for tiago section of rail (on the Northwest line) are auto-transformation centre on the sion of each). Ourense–Santiago section of rail. supplying the electric traction energy needed currently finished, as the line was inaugurated to run the trains. in December 2011. On the Albacete–Alicante Adif first hired the company in 2008 to section of rail, works are in their final stage. Three types of equipment participate in drawing up the technical speci- The equipment for which Ineco will be in charge fications for the equipment in the different Ineco has carried out supervision work in or- of supervising installation and commissioning high-speed line auto-transformation centres, der to ensure the quality of supplies of 30 MVA, can be classified into three categories. as well as the traction substations. The Span- 405/2x27.5 kV and 220/2x27.5 traction trans- n POWER TRANSFORMERS for traction ish railway infrastructures administrator also formers, 10 MVA and 15 MVA, 55/2x27.5 kV substations on high-speed lines, using a 2x25kV awarded Ineco consultancy and technical assis- traction auto-transformers and 55 kV-SF6 system. tance contracts covering control of the supply, cabinets for the electrical traction substations n OIL-IMMERSED AUTO-TRANSFORMERS for transportation, installation and commis and auto-transformation centres associated auto-transformation centres on high-speed lines. sioning of equipment at these high-speed with the high-speed lines. n REINFORCED TWO-PHASE 55kV CABINETS, rail network substations and auto-transfor- The supply complies with the three tech- insulated with SF6 gas. mation centres. nical specifications drawn up by Ineco, its 220/2 x 27.5 kV, 30 MVA power transformers. Assistance schedule Typical traction substation as used on Adif high-speed lines The technical assistance provided by Ineco to control and management of access to centres and High-speed system 2x25 kV substation equipped installation, with the control building that houses guarantee the final quality of supply is divided substations during transportation, and the unloading with two power transformers at an open-air the 55 kV cabinets, among other equipment. into five phases. and assembly of equipment at its final location. Phase 1. Technical validation of the prototypes. Phase 4. Post-assembly field inspection and testing, Open-air installation This includes a review of the manufacturer’s prior to connecting the equipment to the grid and Control building installations, the quality control system and type commissioning. Once the equipment arrives at High-speed line tests, as well as analysis of the manufacturing its location, it is examined in order to detect any Power transformer procedures. potential damage caused during transportation. Phase 2. Unit manufacture. This includes Phase 5. Drafting of final documentation. supervision of compliance with quality control Ineco is in charge of overseeing the maintenance specifications, set deadlines and assistance with manual produced by the successful bidders, which Factory Acceptance Testing (FAT). will specify all special precautions and instructions Phase 3. Supervision of storage of the main required in order to guarantee optimal equipment mass and its accessories in factories, the performance.
30 31 aeronautical | UNITED KINGDOM | Winter action programme A Snow Plan that hits the mark A London-Heathrow, ready for bad weather
Published in itransporte 45
Development of the Snow Plan Work started in early May 2011, with four main tasks. [1] Activating and organising the Snow Plan. Ô Implementing a procedure to put [2] Clearing stand areas. in motion 500 people in emergency [3] Clearing runways and situations is not an easy task. taxiways. [4] Clearing Ineco has created, in collaboration airside roads. 1 ÔClearing aircraft with Ferroser, the Snow Plan for stands Heathrow airport on the airside. When working at full capacity, Heathrow has very few free aircraft ollowing the snowfall of December 2010 stands, so they must be cleared as that paralysed London-Heathrow Inter- quickly as possible. In May 2011, the Fnational Airport and, to some extent, airport had 27 tractors (with a 6-metre affected the main airports worldwide, BAA Coordinated runway clearing wide and 1.5-metre high plough for initiated a series of studies that gave rise to Clearing of the runways is coordinated with removing snow), as well as 30 small the Winter Resilience Plan, a project meant the air traffic controllers, so that one of vehicles (John Deere Gators) for less to develop the 14 recommendations that the the runways is always operative and they accessible areas. This equipment was Begg Report had defined as the keys to prevent can handle the air traffic generated daily at completed by 6 spreaders. a similar situation from occurring again at the London-Heathrow. To simplify the work, a clearing London airport. methodology was designed that allowed Ferroser, a Ferrovial subsidiary, was respon- the snow to be cleared to both sides of sible, among other matters, for executing the the stands without having to change Winter Plan for the Madrid-Barajas airport, a the plough position. A method was project carried out in 2009 by Ineco with great also created for reducing clearing success. Aware of its experience and capaci times in larger spaces that allowed ty, the company developed, in collaboration operating two machines in one space. with Ferroser, the Snow Plan on the airside This, as well as the purchase of 10 snow for London-Heathrow. clearing equipment with spreaders, The main airport of the British capital city reduced the planned clearing time for a is also the busiest in the world in terms of in- 10-centimetre snow fall to: ternational traffic volume, and handles about Terminal / Time (hours) for full clearing half of the air cargo moved in the entire UK. Its operation is much more complex than that T1 T2 T3 T4+CARGO T5A T5B T5C T5D of Madrid-Barajas, as it runs at near-full ca- 3,8 5,9 5,9 11,7 3,5 4,6 9,3 6,8 8,8 pacity for 18 hours, and continues for about 6 hours operating at night. Given this With regards to clearing occupied great density of traffic, a serious aircraft stands, the planned procedure is event affecting its operation more complex due to the risk of hitting requires cancelling flights, the aircraft with the clearing equipment. since its high demand Small equipment will be used to clear prevents operating snow near the aircraft and large ones them in a different time will be used in a second stage. window.
32 33 Following the snowfall of December 2010 that paralysed London-Heathrow, BAA initiated a series of studies that gave rise to the Winter Resilience Plan.
Ô
Activation schedule Organisation Stage 1 The other essential factor is organisation: Green all persons must be aware of their roles 2 Activated by a snowfall forecast within 5 in the Snow Plan for maximum efficiency. ÔOrganising and days, with a likelihood greater than 30%. After analysing the organisation of the activating the plan normal operation of the airside, a number Two factors are essential for this Orange of main roles were defined for coordinating Snow Plan to work: weather data and Activated by a snowfall forecast within 2 the movement of the equipment with that organisation in such a complex situation. days, with a likelihood greater than 40%. of the aircraft to minimise their effect Ineco’s team visited the UK meteorology Red on airport operations. This organisation is services (Met Office UK) to learn of Activated within 6 hours of the snowfall, integrated in the ‘command and control’ their capacity. The team explained when it is certain. model of the London-Heathrow airport. the importance of their forecasts for the operation of Heathrow, and a new communication protocol was designed for communication between the airport Distribution and routes of convoys during runway clearing and the meteorological office in order to obtain the best available forecasts in The smaller equipment proper time and form. is used first to clear By way of example, in the years prior near the aircraft. to the plan, the meteorological office announced the likelihood of snow 24 hours in advance, snow being one of the weather phenomena that is hardest Stage 2 to forecast, particularly for an area the size of an airport. Now, a methodology Runways are cleared by 5 teams has been set in place that allows issuing working together in order to snowfall warnings 5 days in advance, with clear the entire runway in 2 runs. a deadline for alerting of the likelihood of snowfall 6 hours in advance. The flow of communications between ‘Command and control’ model Runway and taxiway clearing Training at Heathrow Met Office UK and London-Heathrow Snow sweeper Cleared area Ineco, together with Ferroser, has also Gold Strategic / Strategic Team � y n equipment developed a training programme for the increases from the time of the first alert Ô Snow ridge until the snowfall occurs, and continues different roles defined in the Snow Plan. PloughTractor Blower until it ends. The internal process of the Sweeper This plan includes both theoretical training meteorological office was also improved, silver Tactical Coordination / Tactical Team � y n and support for defining mock exercises so that the information would reach the Ô in the London-Heathrow airport, most of � y n appropriate persons at the right time. Ô which took place in the months of June, In addition, the Snow Plan activation BRONzE Operation Control / Operational Team � y n September and October. During the staff Ô schedule was defined using a specific training process, the programme was also The larger equipment is � y n colour code. Ô adapted to the daily operation of the used to complete clearing ACtIoN Airside / Operations Incident Response Teams � y n airport. the aircraft stands. Ô
34 35 20 snow sweepers, 6 snowblowers ‘Our experience with and 6 spreaders are available Madrid-Barajas was essential to clear runways and taxiways. for the Heathrow plan’ Q&A Salvador Urquía Centre Regional and International Director of Ferroser
alvador Urquía emphasises how the significant challenges, such as those men- and which is part of everyday experiences in collaboration between Ferroser and tioned before, but also much smaller ones that Ferrovial. SIneco was one of the keys for the sat- allow accomplishing the larger ones. 3 isfactory outcome of the London-Heathrow Snow, ice, rain... Which one do you fear ÔClearing runways and taxiways Snow Plan. He also notes that advances in Compared to your experience with the the most? Twenty snow sweepers, 6 snowblowers After analysing airport traffic, it was weather forecasting have improved the abil- Madrid-Barajas Winter Action Plan, was Actually, I don’t think we should fear any of and 6 spreaders are available to clear decided to start clearing the north ity to take actions in advance in case of bad the work in Heathrow very different? them. We must respect these weather phe- runways and taxiways. As only 10 of the runway and the exit and access links. The weather. The prior experience of Ferroser and Most certainly. Our experience in Madrid-Ba nomena as they deserve, and plan and act in 20 snow sweepers are new, the procedure programmed time needed to prepare the Ineco in preparing and executing the Winter rajas for preparing and executing the Winter consequence. This is exactly what BAA has has been designed for using only 17, to first runway was 30 minutes. This requires Actions Plan at the Madrid-Barajas Interna- Action Plan, resulting from the severe snow- done in its Winter Resilience Plan, consider- allow for breakdowns. 3 convoys to be used simultaneously: 1 for tional Airport was a decisive factor for devel- falls of 2009, was vital for obtaining a better ing the 14 recommendations resulting from The runway clearing process, coordinated the runway and 2 for the runway exits and oping the London-Heathrow Snow Plan. His result in London. In this sense, I would say that the Winter Resilience Enquiry, in which the with the air controllers, is characterised accesses, and parallel taxiway. The fourth company has specialised in comprehensive the work in Heathrow has benefited from the airlines, the NATS, the CAA and, of course, BAA in that: [1] One of the runways must convoy will clear the south area between maintenance of buildings and installations learning experience in Madrid-Barajas and has participated. always be operative, together with the the runways, and the fifth will clear the for over 20 years. allowed a greater analysis of To answer the question taxiways that service it. [2] Aircraft must area of Terminal 4. the details which, as a result of more specifically, the combi be able to access the runway from any This procedure should allow clearing Have there been big changes in preventive this experience, we knew could nation of snow and ice is prob- aircraft stand. [3] The minimum time the full manoeuvring area in less than means for bad weather conditions? be critical due to their reper- ably the hardest to manage for clearing the second runway must be 2.5 hours, observing at all times the What has improved are weather forecasts, cussion or to the time required to maintain operability in any 30 minutes, so that controllers can handle simultaneous operation of the aircrafts, and therefore the capacity for advance action to implement them. infrastructure. traffic. which in these conditions will be below when preparing and preventing the poten- In any case, there are always In addition to the above considerations, normal levels. If the snowfall continues, tial consequences of bad weather. It is also differences between working In order to obtain good the routes of snow equipment have been the convoys will return to their initial true that user expectations are increasingly in Spain and in the United results, which is Ferroser’s adapted to the normal operation areas stations. Coordination is essential for the higher, requiring that their activities not be Kingdom which are intrinsic best ally, weather forecast- of the airport. In order to meet these simultaneous clearing of the areas next to interrupted by weather conditions. to how work is done in each ing or a good budget? requirements, 5 convoys were defined. the south runway. country. But this is some- Without a doubt, a combina- Ferroser has great experience with roads, thing that one must adapt to tion of both. In fact, an accu buildings and, in recent years, with large rate weather forecast can allow saving money, airports such as Madrid-Barajas and Lon- Experts in snow removal so that they are complementary tools that don-Heathrow. Do these represent your should always be used jointly. Ferroser’s experience and technical greatest challenges? 4 know-how related to snow removal Ô Madrid-Barajas programme In the services sector one finds and sets chal- Now that winter is over, how would you Clearing airside roads ranges from airports to roads. The Airside roads must remain operative so view of the available resources, two In the winter of 2008/2009, Ineco prepared lenges every day. You don’t stop to consider rate the consultancy work performed by machinery used is adapted according to that the handling vehicles can access routes were linked to allow executing and implemented a Snow Removal Plan for which are bigger or smaller. You always try to Ineco? the type of snow, its amount and location. the aircraft. For Heathrow, the presence the procedure in a coordinated manner. the Madrid-Barajas International Airport overcome them and once you’ve managed, Ineco’s work was outstanding, as expected... This experience in integral management of tunnels under taxiways makes the Throughout the project, the de-icing that considered the different actions to you set yourself new challenges within those But I should remark that it was in the collabo- is complemented with Ineco’s experience preventive treatment of their accesses routes were also defined for both the be taken in case of snowfall and/or ice you have successfully accomplished in order ration between the two companies where we in airport operation, planning and and exits essential to prevent ice buildup. runways and the taxiways, and the buildup. The plan represented a substantial to further improve the services you provide, as have excelled, delivering a technical product coordination between the responsible The solution was to establish 5 convoys snowdumps were identified according change, with more teams, a system of routes one does in other sectors, areas or activities. parties in order to minimise incidents. with the experience of its application and start comprising a single vehicle. At this time, in to the different snowfall levels. and convoys, and a new command and Nowadays, all companies that wish to up. In short, it is a work that exceeded our coordination structure. survive or even grow must set themselves client’s expectations.
36 37 AERONAUTICAL | morocco | Airport expansion Bigger under the sun a Study on how to improve Casablanca International Airport
Published in itransporte 43
8,0 7,0 6,0 5,0 Mohammed V Airport has With over 7 million passengers a year, it is (T2) covers 40,000 m2, with 36 check-in desks, 4,0 the most important airport in the Maghreb re- 26 passport controls in departures and 28 in undergone spectacular growth 3,0 gion. Nearly 90% of its traffic is international, arrivals, 9 baggage-reclaim belts and a depar- over the past decade. In early 2,0
with direct flights to the Middle East, North tures lounge. Terminal 3 (T3) has a total floor a year (in millions) Passengers 1,0 2011, Ineco was hired by the Office 2 America, Africa and virtually all the European area of 4,000 m and has been used for pas- 0 National Des Aéroports (ONDA) 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 capitals. The most popular routes are to Paris sengers during the Hajj pilgrimages to Makkah. Year to undertake an expansion study. and Madrid. It is worth highlighting the large In early 2011, the Office National Des Aéro --- National --- International --- Commercial Source: ATI number of passengers who use the airport as ports (ONDA), the body in charge of managing ith a population of nearly 6 million a hub, mainly between Europe or America and Moroccan airports and air navigation services, High growth people, Casablanca is Morocco’s Africa. announced a public tender for a study to iden- Casablanca airport has undergone rapid Wbiggest city. It accounts for 50% tify the issues currently affecting the airport growth in recent years. Since 2002, the of the country’s industrial activity and is con- There are three terminal buildings. Termi- and define the dimensions and design of the number of passengers has doubled. As a sidered to be its financial capital. Mohammed nal 1 (T1) has a total floor area of 66,000 m2, infrastructures required in order to meet Prospects for the project consequence of this increase in traffic, the When the work is complete, Mohammed V airport V International Airport plays a key role in this although the majority of this space is tempo- future traffic needs. Ineco was awarded the current facilities will not be sufficient to facilities will be fully in line with future demand. economic activity. rarily closed due to extension work. Terminal 2 tender. meet future passenger and aircraft demand.
Zoning according to use T1 T2 LEVEL 0 LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2
Phases in the study undertaken by Ineco ÔPHASE I a diagnosis of the airport facilities and its end, design parameters ensuring high levels n The new development should allow selecting the best development alternative, underway. At the time that the study was Analysis and diagnosis operations was prepared, identifying the of service were defined. passengers and their baggage to make the emphasis was placed on efficiency, which undertaken, this work had been temporarily All infrastructures, both those intended flows and processes that were liable for their flight connections quickly and easily. is understood to mean optimising targets suspended, pending the solution proposed for use by passengers and those that improvement. An architectural diagnosis ÔPHASE III n The new facilities should enable the and cost. by Ineco. After the study was concluded are devoted to baggage, airlines and of the building was also drawn up, from Generating and selecting installation of an Automated Baggage and submitted to ONDA and the Moroccan commercial, administrative and technical a structural point of view and in terms of alternatives Handling System (ABHS). ÔPHASE IV Ministry of Transport, Ineco was hired to areas, were analysed. Passenger and aircraft the quality of the surroundings offered A number of design specifications were n The architectural solution should ensure Impact on other projects take over responsibility for the Technical traffic was also defined. A number of days to passengers. established during this phase. high standards of comfort in passenger Parallel to preparing and selecting Engineering Support Office for theT 1 and were spent measuring the time required to n The functional and architectural areas, with special attention being paid to alternatives, ongoing projects were analysed T2 extensions. Management teams from process passengers at check-in, security ÔPHASE II integration of the terminal buildings should heights and lighting. to determine the impact to be expected Ineco’s Aeronautical Consultancy, Airport checks, passport control, connecting flights, Determining needs be such that the final result takes the form n The location of commercial areas will be from the new proposed development. Projects and Architecture, Structures as well as for outgoing and incoming Infrastructure needs were calculated on the of a single building. This minimises operating optimised for better adaptation to passenger Special importance was placed on the T1 and Instrumentation departments will be baggage. On the basis of this information, basis of future passenger demand. To this costs and optimises flexibility. flow without hindering operations. When extension project, where work was already participating in this contract.
38 39 aeronautical | spain | Technical assistance and comprehensive maintenance To control lights a Control and Display System for Visual Aids
Published in itransporte 45
burgos Ineco is in charge of technical As important as turning on the visual aids was designed within this framework. In com- assistance for the installation is being able to turn them off in order to pliance with this standard, Aena (the Spanish airport Architecture of the and maintenance of the Control show the aircraft which way to go and where operator of airport services and air navigation) control and display not to cross. The objective is to provide as- has gradually installed the system since 1999. and Display computer system (SMP) system for visual aids sistance in guiding the aircraft, as well as It is currently implemented in almost all the Electrical plant Control tower touchscreen Coordination centre that controls and manages visual saving energy, a matter particularly relevant airports and heliports of its network. touchscreen aids in Aena’s airports and heliports. nowadays for environmental and economic It is a simple system to use, and although it : : 6 : :Control PC : concerns. has evolved over time, it has maintained the Display PC : Management PC – OG Display PC Coordination PC – OCC Control PC atching an aircraft land, getting This system is known by the initials SMP same characteristics and interfaces, so that Relay cabinet Maintenance Room FTP FTP closer and closer to the ground, is (Sistema de Mando y Presentación or Con- an operator can use it in any airport of the FTP FTP FTP FTP Walways a special moment. But at trol and Display System). Understanding the network without encountering significant dif- FTP night, it is quite spectacular: lights are used term “control” seems simple. But what about ferences nor requiring specific training. Multiservice CPD relay cabinet to welcome and show the pilot which way to “display”? It is refered to this way because This standardisation strategy was also ap- FTP network Anomaly Quantum PLC go to meet the runway and guide the aircraft its main function, in addition to controlling plied to the programming, in order for Aena indication Quantum PLC IAS Servers device Electrical wiring (redundant) to the end point of its path. the lights, is to view their status so that the to have a proprietary corporate software, a Distributed I/O How many lights does an average airport airfield illumination situation can be known tool that would provide an open system. For Switch Lighting tower have? How are they turned on and off? What at all times, with little delay. this purpose, it was decided that all SMP sys- ¼¼LT 1 ¼¼LT 2 would happen if they suddenly went out? tems would be developed on the Industrial o o o o o o o o Fibre optics There is a system that is as simple to use as Technical standards. Spanish Royal Decree Application Server (IAS) platform of Wonder- FO pigtail connections Radio command o o o o o o o o box essential in its function, which is used to con- 862/09 (on the technical standards for de- ware. This has led to a system that is easier to system (SMR) Control board Control board Lighting tower 1 Lighting tower 2 trol the entire illumination of the airfield. The signing and operating airfields of public use) understand, modify and, therefore, maintain FTP Switch Advantys i/o FTP Switch Advantys i/o different visual aids can be turned on and off, establishes that, whenever there is a change by any integrator, even those who were not Cat 5e Cat 5e as well as given different brightness depend- of operation of the lights, an indication must responsible for the initial development. It also o o o o o o o o Sequential FO pigtails Fibre optics FO pigtails Fibre optics ing on the visibility conditions at the time, be provided in less than 2 seconds for the provides Aena with greater knowledge and SLIU circuits o o o o o o connections o o o o o o connections and wind socks box box thereby preventing both insufficient light and stop bar, and in less than 5 seconds for the control, and simplifies upgrades and future Rcc 1 Rcc 2 Rcc 3 Rcc 12 Fibre optics Fibre optics excessive glare. other types of visual aids: the SMP system work. Classification Components of the Control and Display System These systems can be classified in two groups. an ongoing task The control and display operations are n Management computer. Desktop PC turn the circuits off or on at the desired [1] A traditional system with a central Ineco provides technical assistance performed from several stations, as in all with a printer for the control room of the brightness. The status is displayed using the computer as the ‘brain’. [2] An exclusive in the installation and comprehensive SMP systems: electrical plant, which can act on the entire same process, in the opposite sense. local network, IAS system whose application maintenance of the SMP. Due to its n Control tower station. A touchscreen illumination of the airfield, viewing its state A control alternative used, for example, resides in the SCADA (Supervisory Control critical nature, it is a continuous and to enter the commands to turn on the runway and the alarms that can be triggered. This when the airport is closed, is Radio Control, And Data Acquisition) servers of Aena. ongoing task, as any work, transfer or and taxiway visual aid systems, and a display station is also used for maintenance, enabling in which a receiver can enable activation of Communication is established using the expansion of any airport elements requires monitor that shows their status. generation of reports, modification of various visual aids using the airport aerial
airport’s Multiservice Network. The servers ez (ineco) the system (hardware and software) to n Electrical plant station. Located in the configurations, etc. frequency band, so that the pilot can turn h
are standardised under the guidelines of ánc be modified.I t is also a multidisciplinary regulator room, identical to the tower station. n The command given from the control on some systems using radio pulses. s the DSI (Information Systems Division) of s task that requires coordination between n Coordination station. Desktop PC in station is processed by the central computer The point-to-point system should also be Aena, which also defines the architecture the persons in charge of implementation, the technical block, in charge of controlling or the servers, as applicable. The automata mentioned, which is based on the SMP system, y juan lui according to its regulations for the SCADA b maintenance and the system users. the platform illumination towers and the deal with messages received from the but has the advantage of knowing the status o t and participates in maintenance tasks. o display of the set of aids and towers. installation brain and activate relays that of each of the beacons in the system. ph
40 41 aeronautical | spain | Airport management The brains behind the airport a Changes to real-time management
Published in itransporte 42
The activities of the main airports Madrid-Barajas was the first major Aena The AMC comprises a set of units occupying in the Aena network are overseen airport in Spain to respond to this need to a surface area of over 3,000 m2, including a from the Airport Management change, implementing real-time manage- main operations room with 96 workstations ment in the year 2002. The passenger termi- (300 people providing service 24 hours a day), Centres. Ineco has collaborated with nal T4 extension, inaugurated in 2006, posed a crisis room and space set aside for tech- Aena’s Operational Readiness and a challenge that was hard to meet with the nical matters, training, administration, etc. Transfers (ORAT) department in traditional model and therefore Aena decided All of these facilities are equipped with the implementing these new horizontal to set up an Airport Management Centre (AMC) very latest technology (videowalls, integrated management models which are at Madrid-Barajas, from which monitoring systems, IT tools...), as well as being clearly and control for the whole airport could be process-oriented: monitoring of main process groundbreaking in the sector. coordinated. indicators, control panels for general airport supervision, automatic incident detection ena’s Airport Management Centres systems, the tools and procedures required to are the forerunners of a more effec- deal with these exceptions, real-time record- Ative model that is fully geared towards ing of incidents with facilities for subsequent the customer, one that leaves the traditional analysis, etc. The Madrid-Barajas AMC is a and vertical models behind. We find ourselves pioneering airport management project, not in a globalised and increasingly competitive only for Aena, but on a worldwide level. ) a
world, where cost reduction is a priority for en Barcelona-El Prat International Airport, a g all companies and where the competitive a extended in 2009, also saw the creation of an nk (
edge is increasingly defined by the ability to ba AMC at the new T1 terminal, applying the same
meet customer expectations, in open, dynamic ge concept of unified airport management.O ther ma i s ’
environments. The airport business is aware a Aena airports (Málaga in 2010, Alicante and La en of this situation, as demonstrated by the im- a Palma in 2011, as well as others currently be- y b
s
portant changes already underway at Aena’s o ing extended) have redesigned their real-time t
o The Madrid-Barajas AMC. h
main airports. P management model.
Process-oriented management CUSS Real-time characteristics which make the limitations The implementation of this form of less clearly defined, activities involving Functional airport centres of traditional organisation more critical: IT SERVICES management is one of the most effective various organisational units are affected organisation improvements. by unbending departmental barriers that it APRON SERVICES n Resources are grouped into 24-hour Airport organisational models have lengthen the time required for the process, centres that reproduce and multiply traditionally been based on strong cause errors, create confusion and increase Human Operations negative effects (multiple centres in each OPERATIONS CENTRE functional specialisation, leading to costs. All of these matters have been resources department). situations whereby each department extensively studied in published works Airport n It functions as a complex, unpredictable Financial management Security Security Power operates on an isolated basis, with very focusing on business organisation. administrative centRE station Fire fighting system (the exceptions, breakdowns and little integration with the rest of the Most of an airport’s activities (around circumstances that occur mean that no organisation. As in most companies, this 70%) take place in real time (understood Environment Maintenance Maintenance two days are alike). phenomenon has important consequences: to be the set of interactions with centRe n There is an impact on the quality transversal activities tend to become the surroundings subject to temporal Airport perceived by airport customers, meaning blurred, interface responsibilities are restrictions). Real time has particular services BHS that real time is particularly sensitive. Ô Airport Services 42 centRe 43 The Madrid-Barajas AMC is a aeronautical | SPAIN | Airport enlargement pioneering airport management At the end of the way A project, not only for Aena, but Design and construction for the new terminal of León airport Expansion project
on a worldwide level. Published in itransporte 35
Experience in Aena. Customer-oriented processes Improvements at León airport include a stunning new terminal n an airport, the main external custom- there are three key airport processes: aircraft, is the philosophy at a number of Aena’s main building and larger aircraft parking ers are the passengers and the airlines, passengers and baggage (see diagrams below). airports, which, taking advantage of recent bays, car park and access areas. Ialthough other airport users may also be As may be seen in the Airport Process map, extension work on its airports, have reorga considered as such. In simple terms, the aim the key processes are undertaken almost ex- nized their real-time resources by implement- Ineco has worked alongside Aena of the airport business can be understood to clusively in real time, and it is through these ing variations on the process-oriented model. in the preparation of the projects be providing the resources required to ensure processes that the desired interaction with As far as Aena is concerned, the trend seems and supervision of the work. that each passenger, generally carrying their customers occurs. Similarly, support processes clear: process orientation has proven to be an baggage, can catch a specific flight (or, in other play a significant role in real time. The process effective real-time management model. None- he final stage of the enlargement ) words, to ensure that each airline is able to perspective provides a better understanding of theless, this is very much a groundbreaking work at León airport was officially in- a en a g collect passengers and their baggage to take the critical nature of appropriate organisation experience, one of which many airports are Taugurated in October 2010. The metal a 2 them to their destination airport). Therefore, in order to carry out activities in real time. This still unaware. framework of the new 4,840 m terminal nk ( ba
building is the most recognisable element. ge
Aircraft process passenger process Baggage process ma i
Transfer to s
Designed by Ineco for Aena, in collaboration ’ a
Stopover and connecting with the Francisco Benítez architecture studio, en a
departure from Arrival at flight y b
airport of origin Stopovers destination Leave connecting the project tripled the available surface area, s o
t
airport Begin journey at airport flight o
increasing its capacity to 520 passengers per h airport of departure P control Lost and hour. Arriving flight Departing flight On departing Damaged reclaim Property The new terminal and extension work in- flights management Immigration cluded the installation of a new Automated Departure Baggage Customs departures arrivals Check-in Disembarkation Baggage Handling System (BHS), 7 check-in Arrival arrival Customs fly Check-in desks, 3 departure gates and 3 baggage re- Security control turn over Collect Inspect baggage claim belts (one of which will handle special assport control P Unloading, tore, classify fly baggage), as well as the construction of new S transport and transportith to terminal W Baggage retail areas. The access roads and a new car Boarding carousel passenger park (with space for 295 vehicles and 4 park- Ô Process-oriented management (continued from previous page) ing bays for coaches) were also extended and Further details Process-focused management, a basic interactions, are called process maps. fall into one of three groups: strategic, remodelled, as well as the various mechanical n New terminal building: 110x44 metres Work by Ineco at León principle of Total Quality Management Organisational activities are generally key and support processes. and electronic systems. on two floors, with a surface area of Ineco prepared the designs for the new (9000:2000 ISO standards), has proven horizontal and affect various departments. n Strategic processes are responsible The airport, which has been named Virgen 5,276.73 m2 on the ground floor and terminal building, urban development, itself to be a new form of business This ‘horizontal’ concept (process and for ensuring a suitable response to the del Camino (Virgin of the Way, in reference to 2,689.74 m2 on the upper floor. extensions to the airport parking bays, administration. It implies an orientation activities) is juxtaposed to the traditional company’s needs and conditioning factors: the St. James’ Way) is situated near the small n New car park: 295 parking spaces, its car park, an electricity generation plant, toward the external customer and allows ‘vertical’ organisation (departments and marketing, human resources, quality town by the same name, 6 kilometres from the in addition to the current 191 spaces. drainage work and service roads. market expectations to be balanced with functions). This however does not mean control, etc. city of León. Built in 1929 as a military base, it n Service roads, landscaped areas and Ineco was also responsible for on-site the company’s in-house activities. In that processes replace or cancel out these n Key processes involve direct contact was opened for civilian air traffic in 1999. further parking spaces: 2,950.8 m2. monitoring and surveillance. Prior to this, order to adopt a process-based focus, the functions. with the customer and are related to n Aircraft parking bays: these have been the company took part in both of the previous organisation needs to identify each of the The sum of the independent targets and business targets. ADAPTED TO THE 21st CENTURY. The growth enlarged by some 23,000 m2, with the extension projects, which concluded in 2005 activities it undertakes. activities from each department should n Support processes (maintenance, IT, the airport has experienced in recent years total surface area now covering 46,000 m2. and 2007. In 2001, it drew up the Planning Graphic, ordered, sequential representations result in attaining the organisation’s overall security) provide the resources required has seen the construction of new facilities n Taxiway: width increased to 5 metres, Study (equivalent to a Master Plan) on behalf of all activities, with their corresponding targets. An organisation’s processes tend to in order to undertake the key processes. and infrastructures. with a further 10-metre margin. of Aena.
44 45 r&d | WORLD | Air navigation simulations Covering the world r&d Cover applications
Published in itransporte 43
CoverNav began to take shape in A development team set out the premises be calculated. This idea, together with the in 2005, an Ineco RDI project offering for an efficient line-of-sight calculation algo clusion of more functions, gave rise to a new extremely accurate air navigation rithm to simulate radio-assistance coverage member of the family: CoverCOM. At the same on these systems. Interest quickly grew in this time, another innovation project turned its simulations. This continuously new application, developed as a desktop ap gaze skyward. The GPS constellation is con evolving set of applications is plication backed by a geographic information sidered the navigation system of the future. now world-renowned and is used system (GIS). This first innovation project de It was therefore decided to simulate the char in large-scale projects. signed by Ineco was very well received by our acteristics of the availability and continuity of customer, who validated the results provided this system, calling it CoverSAT. ll the RNAV air navigation procedures by the application by comparing them with CoverGBAS was born after renewed inter in the world are evaluated and validat data registered on calibration flights. est by Aena and Ineco in the Cover family of Aed by checking the features provided CoverNAV gained fame in subsequent years. applications. The programme was improved by the navigation systems: DME and VOR. New needs began to emerge and were in time and the GBAS system was added to the cover Validation of the suitability of this terrestrial covered by new Cover applications. Given the age simulations. Aena sought to increase the infrastructure to support provisions required interest of Aena in this first programme and as algorithms and it was decided to include one by these procedures cannot be carried out the CoverNAV functions and graphic capabili that would be able to search for the optimum solely by calibration flights, as, in addition to ties were being improved, the knowledge ac location for CNS system antennas based on being costly, it is not possible to undertake quired in this project was used to commence the restrictions to be set. comprehensive checks in any condition. For work on new developments. Impulse was created last year, a new inno this reason, powerful calculation tools en vation project which has revolutionised the abling coverage simulations are required, In order to include radio communication premises for and scope of Cover applications. ensuring the accuracy and continuity of the systems, a sight-line calculation algorithm On the one hand, the simulator systems were services provided in any condition. Based on was complemented by a radio wave propa extended with new pulse signal systems, and, this idea, a proposal was put forward in 2005 gation algorithm, through which the power on the other, a new group of analysis algo for an Ineco innovation project to meet these loss associated with voice communications Cover applications develop open and intuitive rithms focusing on the problems associated air navigation needs. between the pilot and the control tower could interfaces, easy to understand by its users. with various phenomena were added. CoverNAV CoverNAV NAVTools Continuous growth The sky is not the limit The Cover applications make up a growing providing information on minimum flight All Cover applications have been presented n Generation of coverage and navigation reports CoverCOM range of products. Communication within levels and sector power coverage. CoverViewer at various international congresses from the to evaluate and validate RNAV procedures the development team and coordination CoverSAT. GPS and integrity availability outset. Cover has had a continuous presence published every month. with experts make it possible to develop and continuity studies based on RAIM. in ATC Global and attracted the interest n A report covering the Spanish territory, applications that are increasingly compact. CoverViewer. Comparison of results from of other companies. It is worth mentioning verifying radio coverage for all the CoverNAV. Line-of-sight coverage studies different air navigation systems. Impulse the interest and collaboration of the French communications stations. to ensure the optimisation of terrestrial CoverGBAS. Studies focusing on the GBAS Directorate-General for Civil Aviation n Aena installed the first GBAS system in Málaga. infrastructure in assisting air navigation. It satellite systems: location of the best VHF CoverSAT in CoverNAV: they acquired in 2007 the Cover applications were used to validate the is used in RNAv analysis to ensure accuracy transmitter position, compliance with CoverGBAS necessary licences to incorporate it into location. and continuity. restrictions, etc. their work of evaluating and validating n The pulse system algorithms are continuously CoverCOM. Radio-electric coverage studies Impulse. Studies to predict the effect of air navigation procedures. Some of the tasks being verified through simulations to evaluate for voice communication systems. Studies new obstacles on the quality of pulse-system for which these applications are used are as new obstacles. The Cover tools are used to focusing on blocks of air space and sectors, signals. CoverSUITE follows: simulate the effect on signal quality.
46 47 r&d | SPAIN | European GNSS Service Centre From Madrid to the sky r&d A major aerospace engineering project
Published in itransporte 44
The new European Satellite The study, which Ineco is leading under the GSC missions Navigation Service Centre in supervision of the Ministry of Transport, with Among the GSC’s most important missions the town of Torrejón de Ardoz the financing of Aena and the support of the are the following: National Institute for Aerospace Technology n Provision of interfaces between the Galileo (near Madrid), which will come (INTA), will define the scope of the GSC. The system and the users of ‘open’, ‘commercial’ into operation in 2014, will be following leading Spanish aerospace engi- and ‘critical application’ services. a benchmark for technical neering companies are also taking part: Indra, n Website, user helpdesk, virtual distribution excellence in satellite navigation GMV, Deimos, Hispasat, INSA and the afore- platform for GNSS products, etc. systems without precedent in mentioned INTA. n Support for the validation and certification Satellite navigation systems have support of applications. Europe. Ineco is coordinating centres that provide information on mainte n A centre of technical excellence for OS, the definition study for this key nance plans, navigation performance and CS and SoL services. part of the Galileo project. interface and algorithm specifications. It n Provision of SoL and CS users’ service is hoped that this centre will include func- performance assessment, customized ntonio Tajani, Vice-President of the tions for Galileo and EGNOS, as well as other performance forecasts, notice to users, etc. European Commission, signed a his- multi-constellation solutions. n Support for the provision of added-value Atoric Memorandum of Understanding GSC development will follow the Galileo de- services required by GNSS users. in 2011 with the Spanish Ministry of Trans- ployment schedule, whose two first satellites n Recording of data as a legal support in port, which established the site of the GSC are already in orbit. Having ensured the initial the case of regulated applications or to assist (the European GNSS Service Centre) at the operational capability (IOC) of the system, op- Service Level Agreements (SLA). town of Torrejón de Ardoz, near Madrid. The erations will begin on the first version of the n Support for the development of centre will form part of the European satel- centre. All services will be on stream when the applications and services for the multi-modal lite navigation infrastructure and will act as constellation with 30 satellites is completed transport industry. the sole interface with users of Open Galileo (full operational capability - FOC) and will po- n The management of use of private data services (OS), as well as for critical (SoL) and tentially include the EGNOS services that are and the observance of privacy. A growing market commercial (CS) applications. already offered from Madrid. n The Galileo ‘seal of quality’. The European Satellite Navigation Agency (GSA) has calculated that the European market for Interfaces applications based on satellite navigation systems The GSC will maintain interfaces with will grow by an annual 11% over the coming years, Geodesy Performance the following: [1] Galileo Control Centres EGNOS reaching e165,000 million in 2020. service External suppliers. ¿Time reference in Germany and Italy. [2] Time, geodesy centre Galileo will be of fundamental importance in the Commercial service Galileo service installations Galileo introduction of this technology within the market, and independent performance analysis control provision facilities. [3] With the Galileo centres complementing the GPS system. Scheduled to last for 9 months, this project will be the starting Security Monitoring Centre (GSMC). Service [4] External commercial service data centre Galileo point for the European Commission to undertake Other GNSS service centres (GSC) providers. [5] Communities of users of the development, deployment and operation of
the GSC. z
regulated and non-regulated OS, CS pe GSC will place Spain at the forefront of Galileo’s
GSMC é Ló
and SoL services. [6] The EGNOS Service ______c r Diagram — — — — — — — — — operations in Europe, in an excellent position to e Centre and GNSS systems service centres. of the GSC GNSS users’ ensure interaction with the users of this global M by e
[7] Any current or future elements within r interfaces community navigation system. the Galileo infrastructure. pictu
48 49 r&d | SPAIN | Railway technology In pursuit of excellence r&d Groundbreaking Spanish research centre
Published in itransporte 44
Just two years after its inauguration, The centre will handle the development of the Rail Technology Centre (CTF Adif’s key leading-edge technological activi in Spanish) has already attracted ties, as well as those pertaining to the ma jority of the other centre members, thanks about 30 international companies. to the stable presence of multinational re The high level of specialisation and search groups. The CTF is therefore intended the broad-ranging, cross-disciplinary as a cluster, a hub to bring several compa ethos of the facility have drawn in nies together (large companies, small and experts in railway technologies from medium-sized enterprises, research centres, etc.) in order to foster collaboration and facil all over the world. itate complementarity in different areas of research. he consolidation of the leading role of the Spanish rail sector on the inter The 32 companies Tnational stage was one of the main l Abengoa l Acciona l Aldesa sources of motivation for the country’s engi l Alcatel-Lucent l Alstom l Andel neering firms, industries and administrative l Ayesa l Azvi l Bombardier bodies in recent years. Therefore, in a bid to l Cetren l CIAC l Comsa Emte optimise research and innovation initiatives in l Invensys Rail Dimetronic this field, Adif (the Spanish railway infrastruc l Elecnor Deimos l FCC l Ferrovial tures administrator) set up a technological l Huawei l Idom l Isolux Corsán centre in the province of Málaga (southern l Sando l Sener l Sice l Schneider Spain) as a hub for excellence in research: l Ineco l Indra l Talgo l Teams the Centro de Tecnologías Ferroviarias (CTF), l Technosite l Thales l TJH2B as it is known in Spanish, or Rail Technology l Tria Railway l Windinertia Centre. z Ineco’s activities Ongoing projects e é Lóp
at the CTF funded by Ineco erc by M by re
1. Projects focusing on the DaVinci iCECOF u ct environment and the Information and ÔProject co-funded by Adif and Ineco to pi Communication Technologies Laboratory. develop a system to aid supervision and 2. Projects related to the ERTMS and ensure control over compliance with rail GSM-R Laboratory, as well as new punctuality commitments. communications technologies. 3. Aerodynamics in tunnels. ELARA Instrumentation and measurement. ÔThis project seeks to develop a new 4. Projects related to traffic management IT application to facilitate distribution systems and the protection of low-cost planning and the use of fixed ‘Eurobalise’ trains through the use of new technologies. transceivers.
50 51 r&d | SPAIN | Electrical facilities simulators No fear of the dark r&d Solving blackouts in airport electrical system
Published in itransporte 44
Ô In order to prevent possible Ineco developed in 2005 its first airport electrical breakdowns and power electrical facility simulator, SILA. This appli- Issues outs in airports, Ineco has developed cation reproduces all the high-voltage (HV) facilities at a typical airport and has been Faced with a breakdown or power outage, the SILA and SIENA simulators used to train Aena (the Spanish operator of a control system will automatically start (Spanish acronyms for ‘Airport airport services and air navigation) techni- up the emergency generators and turn Electrical Facility Simulator’ and cians since 2006. SIENA, a continuation of on or shut off the switches required to ‘Air Navigation Electrical Facility SILA, simulates the installations that are not restart the service. If this automatic Simulator’, respectively). These included within the scope of SILA, focusing system fails, these operations should be on air navigation facilities, and principally on performed manually by maintenance two innovative applications are low-voltage (LV) equipment. Both simulators staff. Fortunately, such incidents are important tools in training operators. cover all the possible electrical installations rare. As operators are not used to such in the Aena network. procedures, a longer reaction time is n August 2009, the brand new passenger SIENA reproduces the control rooms and required. Terminal T4 and its satellite building T4S at the panels showing the airport’s electrical Electrical facilities are spread out at IMadrid–Barajas International Airport were equipment: high-voltage (HV) switchgear, airports; they are complex and, in most plunged into complete darkness for about an emergency generators, low-voltage (LV) cases, automated. Switching operations hour due basically to a fault occurring in a switchboards, Uninterrupted Power Systems are infrequent and the few that are medium-voltage (MV) switchgear. In January (UPS) and rectifiers. All of the different electri- carried out are critical to the airport’s 2010, a 25-minute outage at the Area Con- cal remote controls, pushbutton panels and operations. In emergency situations, trol Centre (ACC) grounded flights at eight levers that are required in real-life operations where reaction time is critical, knowledge airports in the Canary Islands. In order to are reproduced on the simulator and may be of the electrical facilities is even more important to ensure correct local and prevent this type of exceptions, it is essential operated via SIENA’s 70-inch touch-screen remote operation of electrical equipment. for technicians to be fully trained in and to displays. The sense of reality is furthered have extensive knowledge of all the airport’s through the system’s sound effects, which electrical facilities. respond to each action. Solution A simulator is a set of items of equipment The training time required for new staff a team of 10 engineers that reproduces the real performance of a is also optimised, as is the retraining of The stages in which any simulator is made system and recreates the real-life sensations experienced personnel, thus offering the are definition, design, development and that an operator experiences. The aim is best solution in terms of the cost/profit integration. Ineco was entrusted with to provide a tool to train the maintenance ratio. developing all of these stages for SIENA. staff to correctly use and run the airport’s Simulation is the only way to provide To this end, a team of 10 engineers was electrical facilities. Additionally, it can be practical training on how an airport’s organised and spread across the various used to validate the different operational electrical system operates without affecting tasks: developing models and the graphic z
procedures and help improve its installations. its day-to-day functioning. With the SIENA interface, stimulating the Supervisory pe é Ló
This tool allows safety levels to be maximised simulator it is also possible to experience Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) c r in emergency situations and during routine changes in operating procedures prior to system and drafting operational procedures e y M b
e
maintenance, increasing the effectiveness their implementation, in order to achieve and manuals. r of operations and streamlining the operation. continuous improvement. pictu
52 53 The stages in which any simulator is made are definition, design, development and integration. Ineco was entrusted with developing all of these stages for SIENA.
siena
The electrical installations used as the point defined by Aena, were used to generate being accepted by Aena, with over 750 of reference for the SIENA simulator are a technical specification for each of the problems being solved. those at the Gavà Area Control Centre (ACC) installations to be simulated and to define in Barcelona, the north control tower at the breakdown data base to be modelled. Ôstructure Madrid-Barajas airport and the flight path The modelling software and hardware SIENA is designed to allow two places radar at Valladolid-Villanubla airport. These platforms were selected, as well as the for mainteinance staff and one for the facilities are representative and have the graphic navigation system, both in 2D instructor. The first student place features required levels of complexity in order to and 3D. two screens for the SCADA system, a train new staff and offer refresher training projector for the synoptic diagram of the to experienced maintenance staff. stage 3 (development). Over a 12-month installation and a 70-inch touch screen. The period, all the logical and dynamic models second place has a similar touch screen. Both Ôdevelopment were developed, as were the graphic and screens allow any electrical L.V. switchboard, stage 1 (definition). Data was gathered audio interfaces, with more than 7,400 generator control pannel, H.V. switchgear, at the benchmark installations; electrical possible breakdown scenarios programmed. to be operated all on a real scale. The diagrams were drawn for each item of navigation system allows the user to go on equipment, including descriptions of stage 4 (integration). During this final virtual tours through the installations in 2D their systems and components; user stage, all of the software developed was and 3D, although they can only be enabled manuals for the SCADA systems and the integrated onto the hardware platform and in 2D. The instructor’s place is designed to be instrumentation used in each one; analogue the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition able to control each student’s session with and digital input/output signals; loads and (SCADA) systems were connected and ease. It is equipped with two replica SCADA consumption lists; operating manuals, etc. stimulated. The system as a whole was also screens and three screens to control the run in order to debug it in the functional training sessions: via the installation upload stage 2 (design). The information tests. Finally, over a four-month period, panel, the simulation control console and obtained, together with the training needs functional tests were carried out before the control room and local panels.
Used to train and retrain over 1,500 technicians Facts and figures. The SIENA simulator emergency situations, as well as ensuring of this year. Aena will use these simulators has over 10,000 linked variables. A total that new and existing staff are duly qualified to train and retrain over 1,500 technicians of 2,047 items of equipment of 155 to correctly and safely operate facilities, specialised in the maintenance of airport different types were simulated. Facilities evaluating the ability of staff who will be electrical installations. are represented through over 500 different operating electrical systems, validating the screens, with around 1,680 image files operating manuals for the airport power teamwork. A team of 10 engineers and 66 audio files. To ensure even better systems and checking changes to the design and experts in various areas (installations, prevention, more than 7,400 possible of the electrical system during the project programming, networks, photography, breakdowns were programmed. phase. training, etc.) were responsible for The SILA simulator was installed at developing SIENA. For four months, Use. This application allows operators to Madrid-Barajas. SIENA was installed at the this team, along with six other Aena be trained in the use of electrical systems old Paracuellos del Jarama control centre representatives, carried out the functional and reduces response times in degraded or (Madrid) and commissioned at the beginning tests on the simulator.
54 55 r&d | SPAIN | Train efficiency Down to the last drop r&d How to recover regenerative braking energy
Published in itransporte 44
Ô Work has now concluded on electrical energy, which can either be burnt off Alternatives to storing the installation of a direct to in friction or returned to the overhead contact the excess energy alternating current converter at line. This is known as regenerative braking, and is the best method for increasing train There are alternatives in which the ‘excess’ the La Comba (Málaga) traction efficiency. In the case of AC-current trac- energy may be stored, either on flywheels or substation, which will allow an tion systems, such as those used on Spanish on high-capacity accumulators, and returned increase in train efficiency through high-speed rail lines, this regenerated energy when required. These systems have high the use of the regenerated energy. can be consumed by other trains on the same associated losses and control is complicated. Adif requested Ineco to draft this electrical section, or reverted back to the grid The most favourable option is to return at the traction substations. This is possible the regenerated energy not used by other project. because the equipment at these substations trains to the grid. In order to achieve this, it is also reversible. is necessary to convert substation rectifiers into he energy a train takes from the over- However, in direct current systems –such reversible machines. There are two alternatives. head contact line is transformed in as those used on most underground systems, [1] Developing a reversible rectifier that Tthree ways: approximately 15% is used trams, the conventional train network and al- converts AC to DC when the trains are in in the train’s auxiliary services (air-condi most all Spanish regional railway lines–, the ‘traction’ mode, and from DC to AC when they tioning, lighting, etc.), 35% is lost in the form substation rectifier is not reversible, meaning are regenerating. The disadvantage is that of heat due to leakages in the train’s equip- that energy cannot be returned to the net- the current rectifiers have to be removed and ment and in the friction with the air and the work. Regenerated energy can only be used replaced by the new models, at a high cost. ground, while the remaining 50% –the kinetic by other trains on the same electrical section This is a viable solution for new installations. energy stored by the train depending on its as the train that is regenerating. The rest of [2] Installing an inverter connected in parallel mass and speed– is lost in the form of heat the energy must be burned off as friction as to the rectifier, enabling this to convert AC to when the train brakes. Therefore, in order to the train brakes. DC and the inverter from DC to AC. optimise the train’s energy consumption, it is Before making the decision to install necessary to improve traction performance, equipment of this kind, it is necessary to carry auxiliary equipment consumption and –the sub-headings out a specific feasibility study for each line, most efficient measure– make better use of In order to optimise the train’s energy as the amount of energy liable to be recovered the train’s kinetic energy. consumption it is necessary to improve depends on the coincidence of trains braking Eco-driving modes are based on slowing traction performance, auxiliary equipment and trains in traction mode, as well as losses and stopping the vehicle without using the consumption and make better use of the on the overhead contact line and on the brakes, transforming kinetic energy into speed train’s kinetic energy. At La Comba, Adif converter. In order to carry out this type of loss through friction. This method is effective and Ineco have worked on a unidirectional study, simulation programmes like the ones in vehicles with pneumatic wheels, as friction inverter mounted in parallel to the that Ineco uses are needed. After the decision loss is higher. On trains, however, where such rectifier, allowing disconnection without to install a new pilot inverter system on the losses are lower, this system may mean con- affecting the substation’s operations. Málaga-Fuengirola suburban line, a feasibility siderable increases in detection times. study was undertaken (in collaboration with z Ingeteam) to confirm that the best option e é Lóp
Regenerative braking. Electrical traction would be the La Comba traction substation. c r vehicles use electrical brakes; the traction Ineco was entrusted with the task of defining e by M by motor –a reversible machine– functions as the technological equipment and the project e ur
a generator that converts kinetic energy into for installation at the substation. ict p
56 57 The La Comba traction substation in Málaga is an operational installation on a high-performance line, meaning that reliability needs to be high.
solution adopted
La Comba substation Planned installation at the Design of the installation Selecting the unidirectional The La Comba traction substation in La Comba traction substation In designing the installation, the fact that inverter equipment Málaga is an operational installation on Due to the lack of available space inside the equipment that was connected to direct Once the type of power electronic a high-performance line, meaning that the La Comba substation building, the current would be mounted on an earthed equipment to be installed has been chosen, reliability needs to be high. For this reason, solution that was finally adopted for the rack was taken into account. The design its topology must be defined. Depending on the option to install a reversible rectifier was construction project was to install energy of the equipment also ensures that energy the number of AC-to-DC conversions, this ruled out. The decision was made to install recovery equipment in two prefabricated injected into the AC connection area is equipment may be one or two-stage. Control independent equipment at the existing buildings on land within the fenced-off not recycled back to the rectifier; in other is simpler with two-stage equipment, substation, which could be disconnected area. This energy recovery equipment words, the recovered energy should only although it is noisier, less reliable and with and allow the substation to resume normal consists of various elements: an AC and DC be directed toward its discharge into the greater losses. service if the energy recovery equipment control cabinet, a second cabinet containing transport grid. This is achieved through a As reliability is an important factor, it was shows signs of an operational problem. the AC/DC equipment/filter, a power specific feature in the control system for decided to install one-stage equipment. Finally, Adif and Ineco worked on the option converter, and auxiliary equipment in a local the equipment. The design also considers Depending on the voltage levels that the of installing a unidirectional inverter in control station and a recirculation intensity that the normal operation of the traction equipment is capable of generating in order parallel with the rectifier in the installation, transducer in the rectifier generator cell. substation cannot be hindered. If there to make up the sine wave, the inverter may due to the advantages provided by an is a fault in the direct current area of the have two or three levels. The difference is element that is independent from the rest recovery equipment, this will result in the both constructional and functional: the of the installation. automatic disconnection of the converter three-level inverter represents a more and the associated rectifier. Additionally, efficient solution from an energy point the power electronic equipment generates of view as well as a better response to the a great amount of heat during its operation, output wave form. On the other hand, it meaning that the design includes requires a more complex control system, refrigeration systems for the control which therefore implies less reliability. cabinets and huts.
How the equipment works Transforming energy The system is connected at both the AC and link is not confirmed. In this case, the control In order to optimise the train’s energy DC sides. In this state, the system remains on system will order the inverter to come into consumption, full use should be made
standby, measuring the voltage at the entry service and the process of transferring the Reversible substation Regenerative of its kinetic energy. To avoid increased and the exit of the equipment. If the output recovered energy to the grid will begin. braking detection times, regenerative braking
system Energy returned to the voltage is higher than it should be, it means overhead contact line converts this energy into electricity which that energy is being produced by regenerative ÔThe converter injects the energy extracted is then returned to the overhead contact braking, which activates the system. from the overhead power cable into the The energy generated line, or, as a last resort, ‘burnt off’ in during regenerative braking distribution grid and ensures there is no is returned to the overhead braking friction. Ô contact line and used by other There is a direct link between the AC recycling of current back to the inverter trains on the same section. voltage entering the rectifier and the through a recirculation transducer. The outgoing DC voltage generated. For this energy is injected into the low voltage Friction loss and Braking auxiliary services reason, the equipment detects if one or more terminal blocks on the substation’s traction trains are in regenerative braking when this transformer.
58 59 r&d | spain | Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Information with coordinates r&d Proprietary GIS for Aena airports Development and implementation
Published in itransporte 44
From locating a breakdown to information, which is extremely useful to aid finding out a shop’s turnover; decision-making. Other GIS applications used in airport infrastructures applications based on Since 2005 at Madrid-Barajas International Airport, and since 2009 at Barcelona-El Prat, New infrastructure projects geo-referenced information two Ineco teams have been collaborating with ÔThe versatility of GIS applications enables simultaneous use of different data are bringing about a revolution Aena (the Spanish operator of airport services sources. These include digital terrain models, as well as vector information pertaining in technical and economic airport and air navigation) on the development, im- to installations and civil engineering. For example, this allows earth movements to be management. Ineco has been plementation, maintenance and administra- calculated and rainwater run-off to be analysed in order to optimise the positioning of working alongside Aena since tion of a proprietary corporate GIS for Aena, elements in a drainage network, simulating and calculating fluid distribution networks. which currently consists of the following ÔIf we add a digital surface model that shows the heights of obstacle limitation 2005 on the development and modules: surfaces, it is possible to analyse any potential encroachment on this terrain by new implementation of this technology. n Commercial Module. Includes basically structures at the planning stage. shop management, premises and plot rental, uerying geo-referenced information car parks, VIP lounges, meeting-rooms and Analysis and optimisation of existing infrastructures has become commonplace all over the vending-machines. This module can be used to ÔTopological analysis tools that can be applied to GIS data have made the huge task of Qworld in recent years. As well as the monitor commercial management and budget checking that airport infrastructures comply with the regulations and recommendations countless up-to-the-minute digital maps that analysis of the various concessions at airports. contained in Spanish Royal Decree 862/09. This law regulates the obligations placed are available, there are also new IT applications n Asset Module. Connected to Aena’s SAP on the management of airfields, airports and other airport installations regarding based on the intensive use of this technology, database, this module provides assistance operational safety and security. allowing multiple tasks to be carried out on with the financial management of the air- ÔAdapting to the terms of this regulation is an essential requirement in order to all types of devices and a wide range of envi- port’s assets. obtain certification from the Spanish Aviation Safety Agency (AESA). Based on GIS ronments: from searching for a simple street n Advertising Module. A specific module that information, extensive analysis of topographical requirements and of the location address to developing optimum travel routes, helps to manage advertising at the airport, and design of airport systems has been carried out, resulting in the detection of those é López from finding users on social networks to lo- covering the location of advertising resources, c elements that are in breach of the established regulations and recommendations, so
cating services using price-based criteria, etc. advertising contracts, invoicing, control over y Mer that they could then be corrected. b All of these state-of-the-art applications items that are out of order, etc. ÔGIS applications are also used to analyse and calculate routes, allowing aircraft ture c
are based on Geographic Information Systems n Engineering and Maintenance Module. pi movement to be simulated in order to simulate and optimise taxiway routing. (GIS). While other IT systems, for example a This module focuses on the optimisation and bank’s databases, only contain alphanumeri- monitoring of airport infrastructures based at airport terminals and in the accesses to the Maintenance and management cal data (names, addresses, account numbers, on connecting the airport facilities to the in- airport. Advantages of using ÔGIS applications also enable the creation of plot inventories, which include the etc.), GIS databases associate the graphic rep- formation on them contained in the MÁXIMO n Land Registry Module. Together with the GIS in airports purpose of each land and allows the main user to be identified.T his simple approach resentation of the location and shape of an database. Commercial Module, this module will provide n Ongoing updates, ease of access and means it is easy to check that all developments comply with the terms of the applicable element (what is known as geo-referencing) n Environmental Module. The aim here is to the data that must be submitted to the Direc- streamlining of information in a single planning and ordinance documents, such as the ‘Plan Director’ (‘Steering Plan’), the to the relevant alphanumerical data. offer streamlined access to all data associated torate-General of the Land Registry regarding database. ‘Plan Especial del Sistema General Aeroportuario’ (‘Special Plan for the General Airport In just 20 years, since this new technol- to this monitoring: noise levels, water tables, the plots and premises under concession and n Drafting of more comprehensive reports System’) and all applicable urban-planning legislation. ogy began to emerge, GIS applications have waste management, etc. the shops and companies or private individuals and plans. ÔGIS is also used in obstacle surveillance, grouping together all data pertaining to proven to be very effective when studying, occupying them. n Improved day-to-day maintenance and geographical, alphanumerical and documental information required to detect any such planning, constructing and managing all kinds The following modules are currently under management. obstacles, keep historical control and monitoring records, as well as AESA resolutions of infrastructures, including airports. In fact, development: As well as these specific modules, GIS has n Faster data retrieval. concerning new buildings. GIS technologies enable an effective man- n Signposting Module. This module will be proven to be a very useful tool in airport de- n Improved financial management. agement of geographical and aeronautical used to manage the various informative signs sign, analysis and operation.
60 61 transport studies | algeria | Strategic planning Good perspectives for 2025 TS Modernisation of the Algerian National Transport Plan
Published in itransporte 44
Ô Stimulating the economy and mobility needs, both in terms of passengers Algeria has undertaken major infrastructure promoting social development and freight. This plan establishes the strategy improvement work in recent years on the least are the priority objectives for the to follow over the coming 14 years, in line with populated areas. In 2010, 2,900 investment the general objectives of the National Terri projects were carried out in all sectors in cen Algerian government’s new 2025 torial Development Scheme (SNAT in French), tral and southern regions in order to stimulate National Transport Plan. Undertaken the regional strategic framework developed by employment, such as: by a consortium led by Ineco, the the Ministry of Spatial Planning, Environment n The new city of Boughzoul, based on the plan examines all modes of transport and Tourism, in conjunction with other agents Brasilia model. in depth in order to improve within the Algerian public administration. n The Hauts Plateaux highway, with a total According to the SNAT, the Algerian popula length of 1,300 kilometres. connections between the country’s tion will grow 20% by 2025 (up to 42 million n A 700-kilometre water diversion project cities and centres of production. inhabitants). After its independence in 1962, taking water to the south, from In Salah to there was a significant migration from the Tamanrasset, aiding in the agricultural devel lgeria, the world’s leading producer of south and centre to the north, a phenomenon opment of the Sahara. natural gas and Africa’s third largest that led to the demographic imbalance. n The new railway line between Relizane, Tiaret Aoil producer, has an unbalanced demo The government now wishes to reduce the and Tissemsilt, included in the Transport Plan. graphy (91% of the population live in 12% concentration of the population on the coast, of its territory), as well as a transport system mainly in the metropolitan areas of the large The Algerian Transport Minister, Amar Tou, with problems in terms of responding to its cities. One in ten Algerians live in a suburb of believes that with the new plan, “transport will economic and social development needs. The Algiers, Oran, Constantine or Annaba. The aim be fully recognized as a catalyst for supporting current challenge facing the country is that of is to get 45% of the population to live in the economic and social development, a necessary improving connections between its people and south, compared to the current 35%. In order condition in ensuring Algeria’s progress”. The its industrial and production centres. to achieve this, the new transport system will country is seeking to diversify its economy by The 2025 National Transport Plan is an have to overcome the difficult geography that reducing its dependence on fossil fuels, open ambitious project that covers all modes of separates the north of the country from the ing up markets, creating a new industrial net transport with the aim of meeting Algeria’s centre and south. work and improving the tourist sector. Evolution of the population Population by region Strategies and financing Forecasts indicate that Algeria will have a ÔEuropean financing Ôthe proposed focus ÔSupport for the Ômain focal points of the spain Nord-Centre Nord-Est iT. population of 42 million people by 2025 Nord-Ouest The National Transport Plan, developed by for future strategic transport sector National Transport Plan Haut and around 50 million by 2050. Population Plateaux a consortium made up of Ineco, Consultrans, planning As well as the aforementioned National The Plan is based on four key areas: Haut Est Plateaux tunisia density in the north of the country is 235 Haut Centre Imathia and FIIAPP, has received financing The Plan was developed based on strategic Transport Plan, the team led by Ineco has reinforcing the political framework, Plateaux inhabitants per km², whilst in the south it morocco Ouest from the EU within the framework of the planning arising from the contrast between also drawn up a general study of costs developing infrastructures and modernising is 1.35 inhabitants per km². Transport Sector Support Programme in the results of the diagnosis of the country’s and fares for all modes of transport in equipment, establishing economic and libya Algeria. Ineco has acted as project leader, transport sector and the vision of the future the African country. It has also prepared technical regulations and encouraging Year Population Sud-Est (millions of people) given its experience both within Algeria agreed upon with the Algerian Ministry and implemented a Transport Sector competition. These are also accompanied Sud-Ouest 2010 35,3 (with the study examining the reorganisation of Transport. The final aim is for the Information System for the Algerian Ministry by four main complementary components: Maurit. 2015 37,7 mali algeria of urban transport networks in Algiers), and various modes of transport to complement of Transport, through a global IT solution the development of multi-modal transport; 2020 40,2 Number of inhabitants in 2008 other national plans prepared for Costa Rica each other in order to ensure a modern, that allows centralised management of the facilitating transport; guaranteeing safety 2025 42,5 nn >4.5 million nn From 2.5 to 4.5 million and Ecuador, as well as for Spain, and sector efficient transport system by 2025 for both systems in place in the various transport and security and limiting the impact on the nn From 1.0 to 2.5 million 2030 44,4 nn <1.0 million niger Source: SNAT 2025 / Algerian National Institute of Statistics plans for Panama and Kuwait. passengers and freight. subsectors. environment.
62 63 Algeria is seeking to diversify its economy by reducing its dependence on fossil fuels, opening up markets, creating a new industrial network and improving the tourist sector.
Some of the key areas of the plan by transport mode AIR TRANSPORT RAIL SEA TRANSPORT ROADS Need for modernisation Significant growth n Improvements to the eastern mining line. A new international port n The creation of a new main international Connections to cities in the n Modernisation and development of ‘hub’ port. to cover demand Forecasts show a growth in demand, suburban lines and networks in Algiers, Oran, Maritime traffic is expected to increase n The establishment of the port at Djen Djen centre and south of Algeria Given Algeria’s foreseeable socio-economic especially in inter-regional passenger traffic, Constantine and Annaba. significantly: annual exports will rise from as a specialist ‘hub’ centre. Roads are the main element of cohesion evolution, forecasts for air traffic suggest handling 45 million passengers in 2025 n New beltway lines for the plateau with 15 million tonnes in 2010 to 30 million n Rail access and logistics platforms in the and structuring in the country. According that around 15 million passengers will (just 1 million passengers used the network connections to the coastal beltway. in 2025. Imports will increase five-fold, ports. to data supplied by the SNAT, annual be using this mode of transport by 2025. in 2008). Freight transport will increase n Improvements to the intermodality of reaching 10 million tonnes by 2025. The n Modernisation of the port of Algiers as a growth of 5.14% is expected for passenger International airports at the cities of four-fold. stations and terminals. Removal of level export of oil and cereals will also grow. major passenger port. transport and 6.3% for goods by 2025. Algiers, Oran and Constantine will need The National Plan provides for the creation crossings. Less pronounced will be the evolution of n Improvements to infrastructures and The main strategic lines of the plan cover to undertake modernisation work to meet of a National Agency for Rail Safety (locally n High-speed line running east-west along passenger transport, with a 30% growth installations in other ports. the development of urban public transport, this demand. known as ANSF) and the restructuring of the the coast (1,200 kilometres). compared to 2005 figures. connections to Algeria’s four largest cities Among the objectives is that of completing Algerian rail group. In parallel, an investment By 2025, ferries will be carrying 1.2 million and its major ports, the construction of the Euromed route map (an EU project plan for rolling stock and improvements passengers and 390,000 vehicles per year. highways and trunk roads on the coast promoting cooperation in air traffic to maintenance centres has been prepared. New modelling programmes Expansion of the port sector will involve port structure and to the cities in the south, where the between Mediterranean countries) and Conventional lines will connect the regions Over 3,000 kilometres of rail lines the private sector. Its role as receiver and The sea transport mode will play an country’s natural gas and oil production is the adaption of the legal and institutional in the country’s high plateaus and the and 23,700 kilometres of roads have distributor of goods from the Algerian important role in international freight centred. framework in order to respond to rapid so-called ‘big south’ to the coast. Links been modelled in order to respond to interior is key. The planned strategy transport. The plan proposes a major Another key objective is the integration of growth in demand and requirements between the various modes of transport passenger and freight demand forecasts foresees the concentration of activities central port, a specialist ‘hub’ at the network with those of neighbouring set by the International Civil Aviation at urban stations will be improved. for 2025. Overland transport will be one in a new international ‘hub’ port to free Djen Djen and two regional ports in countries, in particular with the multimodal Organisation (ICAO). of the key areas in the future transport up traffic in the current port of Algiers. Oran and Annaba for containers and Trans-Maghreb corridor, which runs for ÔThe main courses of action are: network, designed to meet the needs other freight. Two further hubs dedicated 7,000 kilometres between Nouakchott ÔExpected investment includes: n Track duplication, electrification and arising from economic development. ÔThe following courses of action should to oil transport are also planned. (Mauritania) and Tobruk (Libya). n A new international airport in the new signalling on the coastal rail network. be mentioned: Road transport will be improved in terms of city of Boughzoul. its quality, efficiency and safety, which will n A freight cargo terminal at Algiers require an adapted legal and institutional International Airport. framework, as well as a restructuring of n Extra aprons for aircraft at 15 airports. the private transport sector, among other n Improvements to the infrastructure at developments. 31 airport ‘hubs’ (Oran, Hassi-Messaoud, Constantine, Algiers, Tiaret, Annaba, ÔAmong the planned infrastructures, the Tremecen, Setif and Chlef, among others). following should be highlighted: n The ‘Rocade des Hauts Plateaux’ highway. n Road links between the coast and the east-west highway. n The ‘Transaharienne’ north-south highway. n The fourth Algiers ring road. Ring roads and access to main Algerian cities.
64 65 ROADS | SPAIN | Road construction Between ravines ro Phase IV of the Las Palmas de Gran Canaria ring road
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The UTE Arucas (joint venture), rica, the Julio Luengo tunnels and the Torre Technical specifications of which Ineco is a partner, Las Palmas junction. It will also improve traf- TOTAL LENGTH is responsible for controlling fic flow in the outskirts of the capital, with a 18.1 kilometres: 6.8 kilometres correspond to reduction in journey distances, waiting times the main highway section and with the remaining and monitoring Phase IV in the and pollution –a positive effect similar to that 11.3 kilometres to slip roads and service roads. construction of the Las Palmas which has been experienced with the open- EXPECTED TRAFFIC: 40,000 vehicles per day. de Gran Canaria ring road, ing of the first three phases of the ring road featuring 8 viaducts running already in use. JUNCTIONS n JUNCTION 1 (Tenoya). A revolving system over 4 different ravines. Some The highway runs through a semi-urban environment, whilst also crossing deep, wide with a central roundabout above the highway, 40,000 vehicles are expected to ravines, typical of the island’s rugged terrain. 4 direct slip roads, 1 link road and 2 relief roads. use this new section every day. The section under construction will connect n SEMI-JUNCTION 2 (Cardones–Santidad). A Phase I of the ring road to the Tenoya district, dumbbell interchange, with 2 direct slip roads, ork on Phase IV of the Las Pal- Tamaraceite, the villages of Arucas and Santi- 2 roundabouts (one on either side of the highway) mas de Gran Canaria ring road is dad, joining up with the GC-2, the road that and a link road underneath the main highway progressing fast, having begun in runs around the island. section. W n December 2007. The construction work in JUNCTION 3 (Arucas–GC-20). A trumpet interchange, allowing movement from the main this phase, which runs between the district Viaducts and overpasses. The works consist highway section with respect to Arucas. of Tamaraceite and the Tenoya–Arucas Coast, of 8 viaducts: 4 in the first half of the new n JUNCTION 4 (GC 301–Cardones). A revolving will connect Phase I to the regional road GC-2, highway section, 3 over the Barranco (ravine) system, with an off-centre roundabout under the at the current Arucas link, providing an inland de Cardones and 1 where it meets the GC-2. main section and 2 direct slip roads that connect connection between Las Palmas de Gran Ca- Of these, the V-1.7 viaduct over the Barran- it to the northbound lanes of the highway. naria and the town of Arucas, and a double quillo (gorge) de Tenoya has already been n JUNCTION 5. Connects Phase IV to GC-2. The access to the north-east of the island’s capital. built. Viaducts V-2.1 (over the Barranco de project includes 4 overpasses, 5 underpasses and The completion of Phase IV (part of a road- Tenoya), V-3.1 (over Barranquillo de La De- 26 transversal drainage installations (of which building agreement between the Canary hesa) and V-4.1 (over Barranco de Arucas) are 7 pertain to the main section of the highway and Islands Regional Government and Spain’s all considerably advanced. 19 to slip or link roads). Ministry of Transport) will conclude the Las Special mention should be made about the Palmas beltway, which began in 1997 and viaduct over the Barranco de Tenoya, because TUNNELS which has helped to free up traffic in the city. of its dimensions: a total length of 528 metres One 94 metres tunnel parallel to the existing This latest section will close the Las Palmas running over 5 spans, and a height of more Tenoya tunnel (which will be used by pedestrians) ring road, improving traffic flow in the city than 100 metres above the ground. and one 207 metres long cut-and-cover tunnel. and its connections to other points on the The project also includes 4 overpasses, 5 Ineco has been providing control and super- The entire work is supervised by the UTE carriageways, 2.5 metres hard shoulders and 1 VIADUCTS island, as well as accessibility in general, giv- underpasses, a 207 metre-long cut-and-cover vision services for the construction work on Arucas, in which Spanish companies Grusamar metre inner verges, as well as a 1 metre outer n BARRANQUILLO DE TENOYA: 150 metres. ing Las Palmas two entrance points to the tunnel (comprised of 2 reinforced concrete the highway section and its connecting roads, and Inastecán participate alongside Ineco. This berm on either side of the section. As far as n BARRANCO DE TENOYA: 528 metres. north-east. arches) and a conventional 94 metre-long offering a wide range of duties: geometric joint venture is also responsible for coordinat- the horizontal alignment of the main section n BARRANQUILLO DE LA DEHESA: 370 metres. The Canary Islands Regional Government’s excavated tunnel, drainage and lighting sys- control over project work, qualitative control ing health and safety matters, among other is concerned, it was designed to have a mini- n BARRANCO DE ARUCAS: 150 metres. Public Works department has calculated that tems, reinstatement of services, signposting, over materials and construction units, budget tasks. mum radius of 500 metres and a maximum of n GC-2 ROAD: 27 metres. some 40,000 vehicles will use this new sec- side marker and clearance lights and contain- control, environmental monitoring, review of The geometric characteristics of the main 5,000 metres. Roadbed works were also car- n BARRANCO DE CARDONES: 3 in total, one tion every day, easing traffic congestion at key ment systems, as well as earth-moving and the contractor Quality Control Plan and the section layout correspond to a road where ried out on the main section corresponding 79 metres long, another 160 metres long and points in the city, such as the Plaza de Amé- compacting operations. preparation of reports, among other tasks. the maximum speed is 100 kph, with 7 metres to section 032. a third 25 metres long.
66 67 ROADS | SPAIN | Infrastructure improvement A custom-made ring ro Expansion of the Madrid M-40 ring road
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the project The M-40 is one of the most used urban ring roads in Spain: Ôthe M-40 now Manzanares river, with 2 high-voltage over 159,000 vehicles use it every The M-40 consists of independent transmission lines crossing it. It includes carriageways with 3 to 4 lanes in each a total of 22 structures. day. Ineco has prepared a layout direction, connecting the junctions to the n Junction 8. ‘Supersur’ node / A4. project with a view to increasing radial roads and in some cases segments Windmill type. its capacity and reducing its of collection roads. n Junction 9. San Fermín. Depressed environmental impact, mainly noise. racetrack type. Ôlayout project he capital city of Spain has two ring Short and long distance traffic has been Ôsingular structures roads, the M-30 (renamed Calle 30) and separated, designing collection/distribution A total of 45 structures have been designed Tthe M-40, as well as two half-rings, the carriageways with 2 to 4 lanes on both sides for the entire segment. Among the most M-45 and M-50. The M-40 is considered to be in order to collect all short-distance urban noteworthy structures are 3 covers for the second ring road of Madrid. An average of traffic, and for connection with the trunk collection roads (meant to correct their 159,175 vehicles travel over its 62 kilometres road in junctions to the main radial roads environmental impact) and the relocation every day, making it one of the roads with that leave Madrid: A3, M-31 (which in turn of 2 pedestrian bridges. the highest traffic intensity in Spain. For this connects to the M-45 and M-50) and A4 Different types of walls have been designed, reason, the Ministry of Transport undertook (‘Supersur’ node). made of reinforced concrete and reinforced the M-40 today the improvement and expansion of the road The projected speed is 100 kph for the floor. Among these are panel walls with in 2008. layout project M-40 trunk road and 80 kph for the metal strips, ‘green’ or ecological walls Ineco developed the layout and environ- collection/distribution carriageways. reinforced with highly durable geotextile mental measures project for one of its seg- Environmental and fabric, and prefabricated landscaping walls ments: a total of 10,700 metres. The project Vías Cercanías corrective measures Ôjunctions made of reinforced concrete pieces. considers two areas of action. [1] Increasing n Junction 1. Avenida de Canillejas to the capacity, improving service levels and traf- junction 7 today Vicálvaro. Overhead traffic circle. Ôenviromental and fic safety. [2] Corrective measures for reducing n Junction 2. M-23 / R3. Windmill type. corrective measures environmental impact, mainly noise. n Junction 3. A3. Full cloverleaf type. NOISE n Junction 4. Avenida de la Albufera. n Collection road covers. Inverted diamond with dumbbells type. n Noise study, determining that the most traffic analysis n Junction 5. M-31. Trumpet type. sensitive area is potentially the area Nearly 160,000 vehicles use the M-40 n Junction 6. M-602 to Embajadores between the junction of Doctor García M-40 every day. A forecast has been made until street. Diamond with dumbbells type, plus Tapia street and the A3 highway. 2032 that shows a traffic estimate for a direct branch (U turn). n Installation of noise screens and sound the north trunk carriageway and north n Junction 7. Mercamadrid. Partial absorption panels. collection/distribution road of 85,413 M-40 trumpet type. This junction stands out and 66,468 vehicles per day, respectively. for its complexity, since it is located at a VEGETATION AND VISUAL IMPACT For the south trunk carriageway and the point where the A4 (Andalucía) highway n Tree inventory to identify trees that are south collection/distribution road, the High-speed train and the high-speed and commuter directly or indirectly affected, proposing Commuter train calculated values are 96,543 and 49,299 train (Cercanías) lines meet, on loose their transplantation and/or replacement. vehicles per day. Manzanares river today ground with a slope on the edge of the n Landscaping integration measures.
future layout of junction 7 A4 project 68 69 roads | SPAIN | Geological-geotechnical studies Pillars in the earth Ro Treatment of an embankment built on soft soil
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Work carried out on a defective Quaternary deposits and in a sunken area Geological-geotechnical cross section embankment in order to restore with inadequate drainage, causing superficial Flood plain 1. Typical embankment fill to a maximum height of 6.5 metres. It was subsidence and depressions in the embank- stability to the structure and prop water flow confirmed that the compaction level of the fill dropped as the depth ment body. In order to analyse this issue and source increased, from standard penetration rate values that are normal for up a new track supporting layer look into construction solutions, Adif (the quality fill (NSPT>10) in the first metre, to very low impact levels Areas treated is a clear example of the solutions Spanish railway infrastructures administra- (NSPT=5) in the deepest sections, in contact with floodplain deposits, that geological-geotechnical tor) requested Ineco to draw up a ground indicating a softening of these materials due to the effect of seepage studies provide in civil engineering improvement study: the answer consisted water. of adding reinforcements by installing stone projects. Ineco experts worked 2. Old deformable topsoil (NSPT=2) with a strength of 1 metre, which columns which ensure an appropiate perfor- was not rehabilitated when constructing the existing embankment. to find the best possible solution mance of the fill below the track platform. 3. Quaternary alluvial deposits, comprising silty sandy soil with low to ensure strong foundations. The first step was to implement a soil test- compactness (NSPT=4) and a thickness between 3 to 4 metres. Flood plain ing programme which detected a 4. Tertiary substrate, with better geotechnical characteristics than on he defective embankment is located water channel that the em- Field work higher levels. on the Villar de Chinchilla–Alpera–Al- bankment had cut off, Aerial photo featuring the treated symbol indicates mansa section of the Madrid–Albace producing a significant Geological T area, the reservoir area and the Dynamic Stratigraphy of the plot and typical symbol indicates penetration test cross section cross section of gravel columns. te–Alicante conventional railway line, on barrier effect and surveys undertaken. Rotating borehole Gravel column. 6.5 metres-high embankment. which Ineco is responsible for controlling leading to water ______Staggered 2x2 m mesh. Good compaction on the crown of the embankment, but marked the intervention on the track supporting layer, accumulating up- Picture to the left A thick and highly softening of the foundations due to deformable topsoil layer the capillary rising of groundwater. the track and the overhead cable assembly, as stream. The study In order to drill the terrain, not removed before the embankment was built. well as the installation of electrical equipment included the char- a vibrator is introduced into 1 and the safety, security and communications acterisation of the the soil on the force of its facilities. various lithological own weight and with the 2 3 After a number of years in use, the founda- horizons associated assistance of pressurised air. tions of the embankment were in poor condi- to the floodplain in Quaternary deposits Competent silty sand tion because it was supported by very soft question. formed by silty sands 4 substrate. Extent to which with low shear strength. the columns are embedded.
Description of the plan of the adopted solution Construction process used gravel columns In order to choose the reinforcement method is concluded and, while the vibrator is moving effect’ on the embankment, creating an area in the gravel columns to be used, various possibilities were analysed upwards, it is providing gravel into the of improved soil that hinders the appearance with regard to their technical, timeframe and borehole through an interior hollow tube. of fracture circles. A 3x3 metre column mesh t opsoil layer financial aspects. Reinforcement with gravel The drilled hole is therefore filled from the was suggested to cover the crown in order columns was the best solution, as it allows base, ensuring correct gravel densification. to produce a ‘reinforced’ effect within the the foundation material to be strengthened, Two aims were pursued with the gravel embankment body. A pre-load of 2 metres of prevents landslides and subsidence, and does column mesh design: to establish the density soil situated at the crown of the embankment very soft Quaternary not require excavation or the undermining of of the columns required in order to guarantee fill was introduced to reduce the level of deposits the existing embankment fill. a minimum subsidence safety factor of subsidence. The aim was to drain off the The use of gravel columns (vibro-displacement) 1.5, and to reduce the deformation of the groundwater and submit the terrain to a consists of making perforations by introducing support ground. The result of the stability higher stress level than those expected with a vibrator into the soil. Once the competent calculations was a 2x2 metre column mesh in the track on service, thus avoiding unwanted Driving shaft Fill and compactation Finish Competent silty substrate has been reached, the perforation a staggered pattern. This produces a ‘screen subsidence. sand substrate 3D representation of the reinforcement method used 70 71 architecture&structures | colombia | Station design Modular railway architecture a&s Eight new modern stations for the ‘Western Corridor’ in Bogotá
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A standard building model The design features convenient Corridor, which will be joined by another two adaptable to each site, light access to the tracks, natural light branch lines from the capital to Zipaquirá and and airy, and located in the city and ventilation, and durable, Tocancipa. The 32-kilometre corridor will in- clude 8 stations, 3 in the city centre (Ciudad de centre: that is Ineco’s vision for vandalism-resistant materials. Cali, Fontibón and Catam) and the rest in the the 8 stations in the ‘Western municipalities of Funza, Mosquera, Madrid, Corridor’, the first in the Colombian and Facatativá (which will have 2: El Corzo capital’s future commuter rail and Facatativá). network, which will restore part of Bogotá’s historic Savannah Railway. The key role of buses in the Bogotá area ogotá is the capital of Colombia and The future commuter rail corridor will the Cundinamarca region, the coun- be connected to the ‘Transmilenio’ Btry’s most populous area, with 7.8 mil- system, the city’s mass transit service lion inhabitants. The city’s bus network is the (which has no subway). This is a backbone of its public transport system, and network of articulated buses running private vehicles are currently the only alterna- on dedicated lanes along routes known tive. This is why the regional authorities want as trunk lines, with stations located all to revive the railway option by restoring part over the city. It began operating in 2000 of the route of Bogotá’s old Savannah Railway, and is the backbone of Bogotá’s urban which stopped operating in 1991, and inte- transport network. So far, the buses Three formal and functional station models have been established: standard grating it into a new, modern light train-tram are also the only option for interurban station (Fontibón, Catam, Funza, Mosquera, Madrid and El Corzo), terminus commuter network. station (Facatativá), and the Ciudad de Cali station in Bogotá, designed to travel between the capital and the Ineco is participating by performing dif- serve as an interchange with the ‘Transmilenio’ buses. municipalities in the metropolitan area. ferent tasks in the first phase, theWestern Location of the stations Urban railway model Design process and guidelines Ineco prepared the site study, as well as the Another basic conditioning factor was the The Ineco team designed a standard station far as construction materials are concerned, functional definition and design proposal railway model chosen, the train-tram, a light model that can be varied to adapt it to Ineco proposes that they be durable and for the new stations. To choose the location rail system that combines the characteristics each location. This optimises construction vandalism-resistant, for a modern design in within each municipality, a number of factors of trams and trains: it runs fast on interurban times and costs, while the aesthetic unity which natural light and ventilation will play were considered: proximity to the existing sections (up to 110 kph), but travels slowly contributes to the creation of a brand image a central role. track (as there is no plan to modify the in the city (40 kph). It is flexible because it for the new line. The buildings are located current route), ease of access for users from intersects with pedestrian and automobile at street level. A double platform was chosen CIUDAD DE CALI STATION. This is the last the city centre, expected growth areas and traffic at the same level, avoiding the need rather than a central platform, as this option station on the line and was designed to the characteristics of the rail line. Other for fencing and the resulting ‘barrier effect’ is more convenient for passengers and has become a modal interchange linked to the factors considered were integration into the of a conventional railway line. This allows for a higher capacity. Access is centralised at ‘Transmilenio’ system. The station will have urban fabric and minimising the effects on the creation of boulevards around the tracks, a single point in each station, and access to two levels and will be connected by a traffic and public services (water, sanitation, making it easier to integrate the railway into the platforms will be controlled past the point transverse walkway to the ‘Transmilenio’ electricity, etc.). the city and place stations downtown. where the ticket windows will be located. As stop located on the south side of the avenue.
72 73 architecture&structures | spain | Refurbishment project and site management 19th century spirit, 21st century design a&s Renovation works for Renfe
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With over 150 years of history, enfe’s historic office buildings make up Madrid’s General Urban Development Plan Renfe’s offices on the Avenida the complex that once was the head of 1997 granted comprehensive cataloguing Ciudad de Barcelona, in Madrid, Rquarters of the old Madrid–Zarago conditions to the complex. This involves pro za–Alicante (MZA) railway company. The tecting the elements that must be preserved, are in the process of being four different constructions of the complex, such as the facades, structures and walking renovated. Since 2007, Ineco arranged lengthwise, are separated by patios routes (lobbies, stairs and hallways). The only has been carrying out and connected by glass walkways with a metal works permitted are restoration, conservation, refurbishment projects and structure. These were added after work was refurbishment and specific restructuring. providing site management services completed on each building between 1901 and Such projects require proof of compliance 1921. The oldest building was designed by the with regulations, the Technical Building Code for these emblematic buildings. famous French architect Victor Lenoir in 1862 (CTE), accessibility requirements and recovery and inaugurated in 1864. of the building’s original conditions of use.
CROSS SECTION of the tower
Responding to Renfe’s needs The project and the necessary procedures The purpose of the project was to respond was assisted by architect Javier Contreras, The projects were submitted in 2008 to the presence of these walls by giving eight projects. The work to be performed to Renfe’s needs. In order to do so, Ineco an expert renovator. Before drawing up the COAM (Madrid Official Association continuity to the finishes and installing a lift. was also divided. In addition to drawing up drew up the projects required to completely the projects, the company performed data of Architects) for approval, and to Madrid On the two upper levels, the project involves each project as an independent strategy, define the exterior and interior restoration collection, conducted topographical surveys City Council to request work permits. recovering the space under the mansard roof. studies were conducted to coordinate all of the building complex, their docks and to draw up plans of the buildings in their Taking into account the extent to which To do this, the skeleton shaping the space in of the projects. A project phase plan was common elements, and applied for permits current condition (with particular emphasis the buildings are protected, the actions the intermediate sections is bared, emptying also prepared to provide for the additional from the City Planning Department. The and detail on historic and ornamental considered in the projects are intended out the ceiling structures and leaving the temporary measures required so that the company also provided consultancy services architectural elements) and took samples to maintain the exterior appearance with metal structure visible to achieve a feeling other buildings could be used while each for comprehensive project management for from bearing walls and ceiling structures for regard to volumetry, materials and decorative of spaciousness. one was being renovated. Ineco applied for the buildings, as well as comprehensive site structural analysis. Samples were also taken elements. To break the rigidity of the The first project undertaken was in building the building permits in 2009, satisfying all management. from the facade to perform a petrological arrangement marked by the bearing walls, number 6, which received a work permit in of the City Planning Department’s Technical While drawing up the project for the analysis and determine the degree of the spaces in the reception areas and lobbies 2009. Due to the complexity of the entire Licensing Unit’s requirements. The permits renovation of the facades and roofs, Ineco alterations present. are arranged in a circular pattern, ignoring renovation, the works were divided into were granted that same year.
74 75 architecture&structures | spain | Modernisation project The Iron Bridge is refurbished a&s Work on the Mérida railway bridge is completed Conservation and adaptation
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IMPROVEMENT OF THE STRUCTURE Among the different actions carried out in the Iron Bridge are those meant to improve its structural capacity, reinforcing diagonal struts and rail bearers, installing antiroll Diagonal struts replaced Work on the track Lower diagonal struts replaced devices and replacing deteriorated elements.
Repairs made in abutments, ince the 1st century B.C., bridges have and maintenance programmes for bridges of The Iron Bridge in 1883 antiroll devices or reinforcement crossed the Guadiana river to connect the conventional railway network. In compli- In the year 1856, Robert Kith, a mining It is a riveted metal bridge with 11 isostatic actions and improvements on its structural of diagonal struts and rail bearers Sthe ancient town of Emerita Augusta. ance with the guidelines set by the Instruction engineer based in Seville, drew attention spans, each 54.450 metres long, and a total capacity. Among the former are actions on are some of the actions carried This is the case of the ancient Roman Bridge, on Technical Inspections in Railway Bridges to the need of a railway joining the Spanish length of 604.465 metres. Each segment has stirrups and piles, such as clearing vegetation, the first construction work carried out in what (ITPF-05), periodic technical inspections and out by Adif in the modernisation cities of Mérida and Seville to establish two isostatic beams consisting of Linville type consolidating joints, filling gaps in walls, is now the capital of Extremadura. load tests are performed on all bridges. the port of Seville as a natural exit for the trusses with a 6.38 metres edge. The position adaptation of worn footings or cleaning of the emblematic railway bridge The Iron Bridge of Mérida, one of the em- The preliminary studies carried out by Ineco products of Extremadura. Construction work of the deck, formed by rail bearers and joists, support crowns. Reinforcement work was also over the Guadiana river in Mérida. blematic infrastructure works of the 19th alerted of the need for work on the bridge in started on the Iron Bridge in 1881 and it is intermediate-upper with respect to the carried out as a result of local damage and to Ineco was responsible for the century, has allowed trains to cross the river order to ensure its correct conservation and was completed in 1883, almost 30 years main beams. replace loose or lost rivets. Among the actions preliminary studies, the drafting for almost one and a half centuries. Ineco par- adaptation to the traffic it carries. Ineco is after it had been planned. It was built by for improving the structural capacity are the ticipated in the modernisation project, which experienced in this field, since it has been of the construction project and the Compañía de Ferrocarriles Extremeños Modernisation actions. The installation of antiroll devices, reinforcement was necessary to allow the bridge to continue collaborating with Adif since 1985 providing and designed by one of the partners of the modernisation work on the bridge was of diagonal struts, main beams and rail technical assistance for the work. serving the city in the 21st century. The Bridges technical support in the execution of inspec- company, the English engineer William Finch completed in October 2011. The works bearers, and replacing bracing struts and rail Division of Adif conducts systematic control tions, load tests and bridge projects. Festherstone. carried out include several conservation bearer extension brackets.
76 77 Makkah–Madinah high-speed railway line contract signing Q&A An overview
Royal Congratulations His Majesty, King Juan Carlos I, personally congratulated the consortium Once again, the Ministers of Transport, Ana Pastor, and Foreign Affairs, members (among them, Pablo Vázquez, President & CEO of Ineco) who José Manuel García-Margallo, showed the institutional support for this A graphic he received in audience on February 7 at the Zarzuela Palace in Madrid. Spanish business initiative. journey ne of the largest foreign contracts ever Rosan), participated in the official signing won by Spanish companies was signed ceremony. Olast January 14 in the Intercontinental The event was attended, among other au- Hotel of Riyadh, capital of Saudi Arabia. The thorities, by Jubarah bin Eid Al-Suraiseri, Saudi neco I /
12 Spanish representatives of the winning Minister of Transport; Abdul Aziz Al-Hokail, a consortium Al Shoula and the two Saudi President of the Saudi Railways Organisation Solorz é
representatives (the Al Shoula industrial and (SRO), and the Spanish Ministers of Transport, s o J y
financial group, led byP rince Abdul Aziz Bin Ana Pastor, and Foreign Affairs, José Manuel b
s o Misha’l, and the local construction firm Al García-Margallo. t 01 02 03 04 pho
01._’Family pictures’ of the partners, with a Renfe, Adif, Talgo, Ineco, Consultrans, OHL, COPASA, Abdul Aziz Bin Misha’l inspects the model of the future project, and Javier Cos, General Manager for than 40,000 pages, which were signed one by one. Cos (bottom centre); Juan Luis Monjarás, Project representative of the SRO, posing in the Conference IMATHIA, Dimetronic, Indra and Cobra. Haramain high-speed train to be built by Talgo. International Business and Development, both Manager; Manuel Benegas, and the Department Hall of the Intercontinental Hotel of Riyadh where the of Ineco, signing the technical proposal. The full 04._In the centre, the Ineco delegation in full Head for Asia and Africa, José Solorza. Next to official ceremony would be held on the following day: 02._During a break in the preparatory work, Prince 03. Manuel Benegas, Director of the Makkah–Madinah documentation, in duplicate, amounted to more during the signing of the Master Agreement: Javier them are executives of COPASA, Renfe and Cobra.
08. Pablo Vázquez, President of the Spanish consortium, welcomes Jubarah bin Eid Al-Suraiseri, Saudi Arabian Minister of Transport. neco I / a Solorz é s o J y b o t pho 05._The official ceremony was opened with the reading 06. In the forefront, the Saudi authorities and Spanish Ministers. 07. Javier Cos under the spotlights and microphones 09. Meeting between Saudi Arabian Minister of of a sura from the Quran by an imam. Behind them, the members of the consortium. of the Saudi press covering the event, which was also Transport and the High-Speed Makkah–Madinah covered by the Spanish media. consortium, held in Madrid on June 5.
Time to work. A few days after the signing, the top parties responsible for the Haramain project in the SRO, the Project Manager, Mohamed Mahmoud Ould Cheikh, and Russell Adams, from the British firm Scott Wilson, visited Ineco’s offices in Madrid.
10. A delegation of the consortium, with 12. The representatives of the SRO were also representatives of Ineco, Renfe, Adif, Talgo and received by José María Urgoiti, Area Director Consultrans, received the visitors in Madrid. They for Railway Projects, Works and Maintenance later took a trip on the Spanish high-speed train. of Ineco (second from the left). 11. Juan Batanero, Area Director for Railway 13. Javier Guerrero, Head of OCL Department Optical fibre splicing process. Installations and Systems of Ineco, conversing of Ineco, shows some catenary components to 10 11 12 with Mohamed Mahmoud. Mohamed Mahmoud. 13
78 79 ‘The HHR is a challenging and exciting project for all of us in Saudi Arabia’ Q&A Abdul Aziz M. Al-Hokail President of the Saudi Railways Organization (SRO)
Saudi Arabia will have by 2015 The first phase of the construction is progress- this is always emphasized by King Abdullah one of the most extensive rail ing well. We now have the first 100 kilometres Ibn Abd Al-Aziz. Pilgrims are considered to be networks in the world. Abdul of the route completed and another section of the Kingdom’s special guests and they too will more than 100 kilometres will be ready before benefit from this policy. Aziz M. Al-Hokail plays a key the end of this year. The four passenger sta- The main objective of this project is to pro- role in this new scenario. tions are also progressing well and they will vide fast, safe and reliable transport for the be completed as planned. Spanish Talgo will supply the rolling stock. citizens and pilgrims, at prices that are set to l-Hokail was born in Al Majma’, near meet their budget. The pricing mechanism is Riyadh (Saudi Arabia). He studied at How are the two phases of the project monitored by the government to ensure fair Athe University of Texas (USA), and being coordinated? access for all. joined Saudi Aramco (Saudi Arabian Oil Com- Coordination and interface management are pany) after graduating as Petroleum Engineer the keystones to the project’s success, and we In your opinion, what does the Spanish in 1964. He then held a number of high posi- are giving this issue the importance it merits. companies’ expertise contribute to the tions in upstream operations, downstream and Interface management teams comprised of HHR project? other industrial operations, as well as member all contractors and relevant stakeholders fre- During the last decade, Spain has developed a of Board of Directors of Saudi Aramco since quently review interfaces to speed up progress first class high-speed rail network, and it is now 1989. He later became an Executive Vice Presi- railway expansion. It will transform the trans- and ensure the delivery of a well-integrated a leader of this industry. We trust this experi- dent of Aramco prior to joining the SRO as portation quality and choice between the holy project. ence will be beneficial for the project’s success President as per Royal decree. cities of Makkah and Madinah, as part of set of and for know-how transfer to the Saudi engi- Currently, as President of the SRO –which high class services. The Custodian of the Two ‘The success of the neers, technicians, and local market. employs more than 1,400 people–, he is the Holy Mosques, King Abdullah Ibn Abd Al-Aziz, HHR will depend on main responsible of the mega railway projects is ensuring that the mosques will be available ‘Spain has developed that will change the map of Saudi Arabian to pilgrims, visitors and citizens. how the contractor transportation and allow new connections will overcome in the last decade a with Middle East countries. Could we say that, in many aspects, this is the different The SRO is financing the entire project, with an expected investment of e12 billion. first class high-speed a unique project in the world? Which of rail network, and it ‘This is the first those aspects would you highlight? problems created high-speed railway Most definitely, it is a unique project, as it will by the challenging HHR is part of the comprehensive plan to their designs and ensure that they will fit their is now a leader of this connect the most important holy cities of the expand Saudi Arabia’s railway network respective needs and purpose in an optimal industry’ to be implemented Muslim world, providing high quality transport conditions’ through the SRO. Specifically, the Land manner. A technical committee is already work- in a harsh desert service to more than 2.5 million passengers a Bridge will connect with the HHR. How ing to meet this target. In your last trip to Spain you travelled month. Technically, it is the first high-speed What are the main technical challenges will the construction of both projects be from Madrid to Málaga (a 532-kilometre environment, with railway to be implemented in a harsh desert of this project? coordinated? What synergies will result Among the millions of HHR potential users trip) using the state-of-the-art Spanish high temperature environment, with high temperature and sand As we said earlier, this is the first high-speed from this connection? there will be some with modest economic High-Speed Rail network (Alta Velocidad and sand storms’ storms. It is a challenging and exciting project railway project to be delivered in a harsh desert The HHR project and Land Bridge project are resources... What type of pricing policy Española). What were your impressions of for all of us in Saudi Arabia. environment. The success of this project will both part of the Kingdom’s expansion program: does the SRO prefer? Will the high demand this journey? What does Haramain High-Speed Rail depend on how the contractor will overcome each one has its own specificity and focus, expected allow access to HHR for users Both the train and the service were impressive mean for Saudi Arabia and the millions of At what point is the first phase of the the different problems created by the challeng- and they will meet in a short section close to with lower purchasing power? and expect for Al Shoula Consortium to build pilgrims that visit the holy cities? construction of HHR right now? What ing conditions, like the effects of temperature, Jeddah and they will also share a station. The It is the policy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on this high benchmark, by applying Spanish The Haramain High-Speed Rail Project (HHR) technical difficulties have you found at sand and dust on the trains, the railway sys- two projects will have different construction to provide best quality services with low prices technology and experience to the HHR project is the most important milestone of the Saudi the moment? tems and their integration. timetables, so it is important to coordinate for all citizens irrespective of their wealth, and and the services.
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