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Vascular Plant Survey of Vwaza Marsh Wildlife Reserve, Malawi
YIKA-VWAZA TRUST RESEARCH STUDY REPORT N (2017/18) Vascular Plant Survey of Vwaza Marsh Wildlife Reserve, Malawi By Sopani Sichinga ([email protected]) September , 2019 ABSTRACT In 2018 – 19, a survey on vascular plants was conducted in Vwaza Marsh Wildlife Reserve. The reserve is located in the north-western Malawi, covering an area of about 986 km2. Based on this survey, a total of 461 species from 76 families were recorded (i.e. 454 Angiosperms and 7 Pteridophyta). Of the total species recorded, 19 are exotics (of which 4 are reported to be invasive) while 1 species is considered threatened. The most dominant families were Fabaceae (80 species representing 17. 4%), Poaceae (53 species representing 11.5%), Rubiaceae (27 species representing 5.9 %), and Euphorbiaceae (24 species representing 5.2%). The annotated checklist includes scientific names, habit, habitat types and IUCN Red List status and is presented in section 5. i ACKNOLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, let me thank the Nyika–Vwaza Trust (UK) for funding this work. Without their financial support, this work would have not been materialized. The Department of National Parks and Wildlife (DNPW) Malawi through its Regional Office (N) is also thanked for the logistical support and accommodation throughout the entire study. Special thanks are due to my supervisor - Mr. George Zwide Nxumayo for his invaluable guidance. Mr. Thom McShane should also be thanked in a special way for sharing me some information, and sending me some documents about Vwaza which have contributed a lot to the success of this work. I extend my sincere thanks to the Vwaza Research Unit team for their assistance, especially during the field work. -
Plant Common Name Scientific Name Description of Plant Picture of Plant
Plant common name Description of Plant Picture of Plant Scientific name Strangler Fig The Strangler Fig begins life as a small vine-like plant Ficus thonningii that climbs the nearest large tree and then thickens, produces a branching set of buttressing aerial roots, and strangles its host tree. An easy way to tell the difference between Strangle Figs and other common figs is that the bottom half of the Strangler is gnarled and twisted where it used to be attached to its host, the upper half smooth. A common tree on kopjes and along rivers in Serengeti; two massive Fig trees near Serengeti; the "Tree Where Man was Born" in southern Loliondo, and the "Ancestor Tree" near Endulin, in Ngorongoro are significant for the local Maasai peoples. Wild Date Palm Palms are monocotyledons, the veins in their leaves Phoenix reclinata are parallel and unbranched, and are thus relatives of grasses, lilies, bananas and orchids. The wild Date Palm is the most common of the native palm trees, occurring along rivers and in swamps. The fruits are edible, though horrible tasting, while the thick, sugary sap is made into Palm wine. The tree offers a pleasant, softly rustling, fragrant-smelling shade; the sort of shade you will need to rest in if you try the wine. Candelabra The Candelabra tree is a common tree in the western Euphorbia and Northern parts of Serengeti. Like all Euphorbias, Euphorbia the Candelabra breaks easily and is full of white, candelabrum extremely toxic latex. One drop of this latex can blind or burn the skin. -
Ensete Ventricosum: a Multipurpose Crop Against Hunger in Ethiopia
Hindawi e Scientific World Journal Volume 2020, Article ID 6431849, 10 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6431849 Review Article Ensete ventricosum: A Multipurpose Crop against Hunger in Ethiopia Getahun Yemata Bahir Dar University, College of Science, Department of Biology, Mail-79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia Correspondence should be addressed to Getahun Yemata; [email protected] Received 2 October 2019; Accepted 20 December 2019; Published 6 January 2020 Academic Editor: Tadashi Takamizo Copyright © 2020 Getahun Yemata. (is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Ensete ventricosum is a traditional multipurpose crop mainly used as a staple/co-staple food for over 20 million people in Ethiopia. Despite this, scientific information about the crop is scarce. (ree types of food, viz., Kocho (fermented product from scraped pseudostem and grated corm), Bulla (dehydrated juice), and Amicho (boiled corm) can be prepared from enset. (ese products are particularly rich in carbohydrates, minerals, fibres, and phenolics, but poor in proteins. Such meals are usually served with meat and cheese to supplement proteins. As a food crop, it has useful attributes such as foods can be stored for long time, grows in wide range of environments, produces high yield per unit area, and tolerates drought. It has an irreplaceable role as a feed for animals. Enset starch is found to have higher or comparable quality to potato and maize starch and widely used as a tablet binder and disintegrant and also in pharmaceutical gelling, drug loading, and release processes. -
Anthopleura and the Phylogeny of Actinioidea (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria)
Org Divers Evol (2017) 17:545–564 DOI 10.1007/s13127-017-0326-6 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Anthopleura and the phylogeny of Actinioidea (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria) M. Daly1 & L. M. Crowley2 & P. Larson1 & E. Rodríguez2 & E. Heestand Saucier1,3 & D. G. Fautin4 Received: 29 November 2016 /Accepted: 2 March 2017 /Published online: 27 April 2017 # Gesellschaft für Biologische Systematik 2017 Abstract Members of the sea anemone genus Anthopleura by the discovery that acrorhagi and verrucae are are familiar constituents of rocky intertidal communities. pleisiomorphic for the subset of Actinioidea studied. Despite its familiarity and the number of studies that use its members to understand ecological or biological phe- Keywords Anthopleura . Actinioidea . Cnidaria . Verrucae . nomena, the diversity and phylogeny of this group are poor- Acrorhagi . Pseudoacrorhagi . Atomized coding ly understood. Many of the taxonomic and phylogenetic problems stem from problems with the documentation and interpretation of acrorhagi and verrucae, the two features Anthopleura Duchassaing de Fonbressin and Michelotti, 1860 that are used to recognize members of Anthopleura.These (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria: Actiniidae) is one of the most anatomical features have a broad distribution within the familiar and well-known genera of sea anemones. Its members superfamily Actinioidea, and their occurrence and exclu- are found in both temperate and tropical rocky intertidal hab- sivity are not clear. We use DNA sequences from the nu- itats and are abundant and species-rich when present (e.g., cleus and mitochondrion and cladistic analysis of verrucae Stephenson 1935; Stephenson and Stephenson 1972; and acrorhagi to test the monophyly of Anthopleura and to England 1992; Pearse and Francis 2000). -
Faune De France Hémiptères Coreoidea Euro-Méditerranéens
1 FÉDÉRATION FRANÇAISE DES SOCIÉTÉS DE SCIENCES NATURELLES 57, rue Cuvier, 75232 Paris Cedex 05 FAUNE DE FRANCE FRANCE ET RÉGIONS LIMITROPHES 81 HÉMIPTÈRES COREOIDEA EUROMÉDITERRANÉENS Addenda et Corrigenda à apporter à l’ouvrage par Pierre MOULET Illustré de 3 planches de figures et d'une photographie couleur 2013 2 Addenda et Corrigenda à apporter à l’ouvrage « Hémiptères Coreoidea euro-méditerranéens » (Faune de France, vol. 81, 1995) Pierre MOULET Museum Requien, 67 rue Joseph Vernet, F – 84000 Avignon [email protected] Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann, 1910 (France) Photo J.-C. STREITO 3 Depuis la parution du volume Coreoidea de la série « Faune de France », de nombreuses publications, essentiellement faunistiques, ont paru qui permettent de préciser les données bio-écologiques ou la distribution de nombreuses espèces. Parmi ces publications il convient de signaler la « Checklist » de FARACI & RIZZOTTI-VLACH (1995) pour l’Italie, celle de V. PUTSHKOV & P. PUTSHKOV (1997) pour l’Ukraine, la seconde édition du « Verzeichnis der Wanzen Mitteleuropas » par GÜNTHER & SCHUSTER (2000) et l’impressionnante contribution de DOLLING (2006) dans le « Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region ». En outre, certains travaux qui m’avaient échappé ou m’étaient inconnus lors de la préparation de cet ouvrage ont été depuis ré-analysés ou étudiés. Enfin, les remarques qui m’ont été faites directement ou via des notes scientifiques sont ici discutées ; MATOCQ (1996) a fait paraître une longue série de corrections à laquelle on se reportera avec profit. - - - Glandes thoraciques : p. 10 ─ Ligne 10, après « considérés ici » ajouter la note infrapaginale suivante : Toutefois, DAVIDOVA-VILIMOVA, NEJEDLA & SCHAEFER (2000) ont observé une aire d’évaporation chez Corizus hyoscyami, Liorhyssus hyalinus, Brachycarenus tigrinus, Rhopalus maculatus et Rh. -
Ensete Ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman]
73 Fruits (6), 342–348 | ISSN 0248-1294 print, 1625-967X online | https://doi.org/10.17660/th2018/73.6.4 | © ISHS 2018 Review article – Thematic Issue Traditional enset [Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman] improvement sucker propagation methods and opportunities for crop Z. Yemataw , K. Tawle 3 1 1 2,a 1 , G. Blomme and K. Jacobsen 23 The Southern Agricultural Research Institute (SARI-Areka), Areka Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 79, Areka, Ethiopia Bioversity International, c/o ILRI, P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Royal Museum for Central Africa, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium Summary Significance of this study Introduction – This review focuses on the enset What is already known on this subject? seed systems in Ethiopia and explores opportunities • to improve the system. Cultivated enset is predomi- nantly vegetatively propagated by farmers. Repro- Traditional macro-propagation methods, using entire duction of an enset plant from seed is seldom prac- scaperhizomes level. or rhizome pieces, currently suffice to pro- ticed by farmers and has been reported only from vide the needed enset suckers at farm, village or land- the highlands of Gardula. Seedlings arising from seed What are the new findings? are reported to be less vigorous than the suckers • e.g., obtained through vegetative propagation. Rhizomes when introducing a new enset cultivar or coping with from immature plants, between 2 and 6 years old, severeWhen larger disease quantities or pest impacts, of suckers improved/novel are needed, mi are preferred for the production of suckers. The aver- age number of suckers produced per rhizome ranges this review paper, could offer solutions. -
Redescription and Notes on the Reproductive Biology of the Sea Anemone Urticina Fecunda (Verrill, 1899), Comb
Zootaxa 3523: 69–79 (2012) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2012 · Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:142C1CEE-A28D-4C03-A74C-434E0CE9541A Redescription and notes on the reproductive biology of the sea anemone Urticina fecunda (Verrill, 1899), comb. nov. (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Actiniidae) PAUL G. LARSON1, JEAN-FRANÇOIS HAMEL2 & ANNIE MERCIER3 1Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University (Ohio) 43210 USA [email protected] 2Society for the Exploration and Valuing of the Environment (SEVE), Portugal Cove-St. Philips (Newfoundland and Labrador) A1M 2B7 Canada [email protected] 3Department of Ocean Sciences (OSC), Memorial University, St. John’s (Newfoundland and Labrador) A1C 5S7 Canada [email protected] Abstract The externally brooding sea anemone Epiactis fecunda (Verrill, 1899) is redescribed as Urticina fecunda, comb. nov., on the basis of preserved type material and anatomical and behavioural observations of recently collected animals. The sea- sonal timing of reproduction and aspects of the settlement and development of brooded offspring are reported. Precise locality data extend the bathymetric range to waters as shallow as 10 m, and the geographical range east to the Avalon Peninsula (Newfoundland, Canada). We differentiate it from other known northern, externally brooding species of sea anemone. Morphological characters, including verrucae, decamerous mesenterial arrangement, and non-overlapping sizes of basitrichs in tentacles and actinopharynx, agree with a generic diagnosis of Urticina Ehrenberg, 1834 rather than Epi- actis Verrill, 1869. Key words: Brooding, Epiactis, Epigonactis Introduction Since its original description in 1899 based on two preserved specimens, no subsequent collection of the species currently known as Epiactis fecunda (Verrill, 1899) has been reported in the literature, nor have details of its life history nor descriptions of the live animal. -
Agrobiodiversity.2019.2585-8246.323-332
https://doi.org/10.15414/agrobiodiversity.2019.2585-8246.323-332 AGROBIODIVERSITY FOR IMPROVING NUTRITION , HEALTH AND LIFE QUALITY 2019 ACCUMULATION OF NUTRIENTS IN THE RAW OF CRAMBE L. SPECIES Vergun Olena*, Shymanska Oksana, Rakhmetov Dzhamal, Fishchenko Valentyna, Bondarchuk Oleksandr, Rakhmetova Svitlana M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine Received: 29. 11. 2019 Revised: 1. 12. 2019 Published: 6. 12. 2019 Investigation of accumulation of different compounds in above-ground part of these plants an important aspect for evaluation of perspective of use. The aim of this study was to compare the peculiarities of the biochemical composition of Crambe species dynamically. Plant material collected from the experimental collection of M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine. It was studied above-ground parts of C. cordifolia Steven, C. koktebelica (Junge) N. Busch, C. maritima L., C. steveniana parameters was studied: dry matter by drying to consist weight at the 105 °C; content of sugars by Bertrand‘s method Rupr. At using the spring of glucose vegetation, scale; buddingascorbic stage, acids flowering, with 2.6-dichlorophenolindophenol, and fruitage. Following biochemical tannins with indigo carmine discoloration, organic acids by sodium hydroxide titration with phenolphthalein; vegetation was from 9.76 (C. cordifolia, budding) to 22.54 (C. maritima at the fruitage) %, total content ofcarotene sugars withfrom gasoline6.54 (C. maritimegalosh spectrophotometrically; at the fruitage) to 33.18 ash ( C.in cordifolia muffle over. at the The budding) dry matter %, ascorbic during acid from 139.85 (C. maritima at the spring vegetation) to 987.02 (C. -
The Framework Species Approach to Forest Restoration: Using Functional Traits As Predictors of Species Performance
- 1 - The Framework Species Approach to forest restoration: using functional traits as predictors of species performance. Thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of the University of Liverpool for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy by Hannah Betts July 2013 - 2 - - 3 - Abstract Due to forest degradation and loss, the use of ecological restoration techniques has become of particular interest in recent years. One such method is the Framework Species Approach (FSA), which was developed in Queensland, Australia. The Framework Species Approach involves a single planting (approximately 30 species) of both early and late successional species. Species planted must survive in the harsh conditions of an open site as well as fulfilling the functions of; (a) fast growth of a broad dense canopy to shade out weeds and reduce the chance of forest fire, (b) early production of flowers or fleshy fruits to attract seed dispersers and kick start animal-mediated seed distribution to the degraded site. The Framework Species Approach has recently been used as part of a restoration project in Doi Suthep-Pui National Park in northern Thailand by the Forest Restoration Research Unit (FORRU) of Chiang Mai University. FORRU have undertaken a number of trials on species performance in the nursery and the field to select appropriate species. However, this has been time-consuming and labour- intensive. It has been suggested that the need for such trials may be reduced by the pre-selection of species using their functional traits as predictors of future performance. Here, seed, leaf and wood functional traits were analysed against predictions from ecological models such as the CSR Triangle and the pioneer concept to assess the extent to which such models described the ecological strategies exhibited by woody species in the seasonally-dry tropical forests of northern Thailand. -
Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) Known from Benthic Monitoring Programs in the Southern California Bight
ISSN 0738-9388 THE FESTIVUS A publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume XLI Special Issue June 11, 2009 Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) Known from Benthic Monitoring Programs in the Southern California Bight Timothy D. Stebbins and Douglas J. Eernisse COVER PHOTO Live specimen of Lepidozona sp. C occurring on a piece of metal debris collected off San Diego, southern California at a depth of 90 m. Photo provided courtesy of R. Rowe. Vol. XLI(6): 2009 THE FESTIVUS Page 53 CHITONS (MOLLUSCA: POLYPLACOPHORA) KNOWN FROM BENTHIC MONITORING PROGRAMS IN THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BIGHT TIMOTHY D. STEBBINS 1,* and DOUGLAS J. EERNISSE 2 1 City of San Diego Marine Biology Laboratory, Metropolitan Wastewater Department, San Diego, CA, USA 2 Department of Biological Science, California State University, Fullerton, CA, USA Abstract: About 36 species of chitons possibly occur at depths greater than 30 m along the continental shelf and slope of the Southern California Bight (SCB), although little is known about their distribution or ecology. Nineteen species are reported here based on chitons collected as part of long-term, local benthic monitoring programs or less frequent region-wide surveys of the entire SCB, and these show little overlap with species that occur at depths typically encountered by scuba divers. Most chitons were collected between 30-305 m depths, although records are included for a few from slightly shallower waters. Of the two extant chiton lineages, Lepidopleurida is represented by Leptochitonidae (2 genera, 3 species), while Chitonida is represented by Ischnochitonidae (2 genera, 6-9 species) and Mopaliidae (4 genera, 7 species). -
Uy24-16689.Pdf
ESTUDIO DE LA COMPOSICIÓN FLORÍSTICA Y ESTRUCTURA DE LOS BOSQUES RIBEREÑOS DEL RÍO URUGUAY AL NORTE Y AL SUR DE LA REPRESA DE SALTO GRANDE, EN LOS DEPARTAMENTOS DE ARTIGAS, SALTO Y PAYSANDÚ (URUGUAY) Silvia Elena González Calcagno Tesis de Maestría en Biología, opción Botánica PEDECIBA Tutor: Lic. Eduardo Marchesi Co-tutor: Ing. Agr. PhD Mauricio Bonifacino Tribunal: Dra. Angeles Beri, Dra. Lina Bettucci e Ing.Agr. Primavera Izaguirre. 1 ÍNDICE 1 INTRODUCCIÓN…………………………………………………………..………pág.7 Hipótesis de trabajo…………………………………………………............pág.9 Resumen de las hipótesis de trabajo…………………………………..….pág.10 Objetivo general……………………………………………………………...pág.11 Objetivos específicos ………………………………………………………..pág.11 2 ANTECEDENTES……………………………………………………………….pág.12 2.1 Aspectos geográficos del río Uruguay y su cuenca……………….pág.12 2.2 Edad del río Uruguay, características e historia geológicas de su cuenca………………………………….………….…….............pág.15 2.3 Geomorfología y unidades fisiográficas de la región noroeste de Uruguay……………..……………………………..….....................pág.17 2.4 Características vegetacionales, florísticas y biogeográficas de los bosques de Uruguay y del río Uruguay…………………..….……....pág.19 2.4.1 Vías de ingreso de flora tropical y subtropical al territorio de Uruguay…………………………………………………...pág.21 2.4.2 Bosques del río Uruguay……………..……..……………....pág.22 2.5 Biogeografía de la cuenca del río Uruguay………………..………..pág.24 2.5.1 Dendrofloras en la región de la cuenca del río Uruguay: origen e integración…………………………………………..pág.25 2.5.2 Biomas actuales de bosques -
Ficus Rubiginosa 1 (X /2)
KEY TO GROUP 4 Plants with a milky white sap present – latex. Although not all are poisonous, all should be treated with caution, at least initially. (May need to squeeze the broken end of the stem or petiole). The plants in this group belong to the Apocynaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Moraceae, and Sapotaceae. Although an occasional vine in the Convolvulaceae which, has some watery/milky sap will key to here, please refer to Group 3. (3.I, 3.J, 3.K) A. leaves B. leaves C. leaves alternate opposite whorled 1 Leaves alternate on the twigs (see sketch A), usually shrubs and 2 trees, occasionally a woody vine or scrambler go to Group 4.A 1* Leaves opposite (B) or whorled (C), i.e., more than 2 arising at the same level on the twigs go to 2 2 Herbs usually less than 60 cm tall go to Group 4.B 2* Shrubs or trees usually taller than 1 m go to Group 4.C 1 (All Apocynaceae) Ficus obliqua 1 (x /2) Ficus rubiginosa 1 (x /2) 2 GROUP 4.A Leaves alternate, shrubs or trees, occasional vine (chiefly Moraceae, Sapotaceae). Ficus spp. (Moraceae) Ficus, the Latin word for the edible fig. About 9 species have been recorded for the Island. Most, unless cultivated, will be found only in the dry rainforest areas or closed forest, as in Nelly Bay. They are distinguished by the latex which flows from all broken portions; the alternate usually leathery leaves; the prominent stipule (↑) which encloses the terminal bud and the “fig” (↑) or syconia. This fleshy receptacle bears the flowers on the inside; as the seeds mature the receptacle enlarges and often softens (Think of the edible fig!).