List of Applications and Protocols
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OSI Model and Network Protocols
CHAPTER4 FOUR OSI Model and Network Protocols Objectives 1.1 Explain the function of common networking protocols . TCP . FTP . UDP . TCP/IP suite . DHCP . TFTP . DNS . HTTP(S) . ARP . SIP (VoIP) . RTP (VoIP) . SSH . POP3 . NTP . IMAP4 . Telnet . SMTP . SNMP2/3 . ICMP . IGMP . TLS 134 Chapter 4: OSI Model and Network Protocols 4.1 Explain the function of each layer of the OSI model . Layer 1 – physical . Layer 2 – data link . Layer 3 – network . Layer 4 – transport . Layer 5 – session . Layer 6 – presentation . Layer 7 – application What You Need To Know . Identify the seven layers of the OSI model. Identify the function of each layer of the OSI model. Identify the layer at which networking devices function. Identify the function of various networking protocols. Introduction One of the most important networking concepts to understand is the Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) reference model. This conceptual model, created by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 1978 and revised in 1984, describes a network architecture that allows data to be passed between computer systems. This chapter looks at the OSI model and describes how it relates to real-world networking. It also examines how common network devices relate to the OSI model. Even though the OSI model is conceptual, an appreciation of its purpose and function can help you better understand how protocol suites and network architectures work in practical applications. The OSI Seven-Layer Model As shown in Figure 4.1, the OSI reference model is built, bottom to top, in the following order: physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application. -
Importance of DNS Suffixes and Netbios
Importance of DNS Suffixes and NetBIOS Priasoft DNS Suffixes? What are DNS Suffixes, and why are they important? DNS Suffixes are text that are appended to a host name in order to query DNS for an IP address. DNS works by use of “Domains”, equitable to namespaces and usually are a textual value that may or may not be “dotted” with other domains. “Support.microsoft.com” could be considers a domain or namespace for which there are likely many web servers that can respond to requests to that domain. There could be a server named SUPREDWA.support.microsoft.com, for example. The DNS suffix in this case is the domain “support.microsoft.com”. When an IP address is needed for a host name, DNS can only respond based on hosts that it knows about based on domains. DNS does not currently employ a “null” domain that can contain just server names. As such, if the IP address of a server named “Server1” is needed, more detail must be added to that name before querying DNS. A suffix can be appended to that name so that the DNS sever can look at the records of the domain, looking for “Server1”. A client host can be configured with multiple DNS suffixes so that there is a “best chance” of discovery for a host name. NetBIOS? NetBIOS is an older Microsoft technology from a time before popularity of DNS. WINS, for those who remember, was the Microsoft service that kept a table of names (NetBIOS names) for which IP address info could be returned. -
List of TCP and UDP Port Numbers - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia 6/12/11 3:20 PM
List of TCP and UDP port numbers - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 6/12/11 3:20 PM List of TCP and UDP port numbers From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from TCP and UDP port numbers) This is a list of Internet socket port numbers used by protocols of the Transport Layer of the Internet Protocol Suite for the establishment of host-to-host communications. Originally, these port numbers were used by the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), but are used also for the Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP), and the Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP). SCTP and DCCP services usually use a port number that matches the service of the corresponding TCP or UDP implementation if they exist. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses.[1] However, many unofficial uses of both well-known and registered port numbers occur in practice. Contents 1 Table legend 2 Well-known ports: 0–1023 3 Registered ports: 1024–49151 4 Dynamic, private or ephemeral ports: 49152–65535 5 See also 6 References 7 External links Table legend Color coding of table entries Official Port/application combination is registered with IANA Unofficial Port/application combination is not registered with IANA Conflict Port is in use for multiple applications (may be official or unofficial) Well-known ports: 0–1023 The port numbers in the range from 0 to 1023 are the well-known ports. They are used by system processes that provide widely-used types of network services. -
Operator's Guide
MILITARY POWER SUPPLY Operator’s Guide Ethernet & SNMP MPS-4000-1U MPPS-4000-1U Made in USA 1.888.567.9596 (USA only) | SynQor Headquarters 155 Swanson Road, Boxborough, MA 01719-1316 USA | www.synqor.com QMS: 006-0006748 Rev. E 01\19\2021 MPS with Ethernet Interface Contents 1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................... 2 2 Initial Configuration .............................................................................................................................. 2 2.1 DHCP Server .................................................................................................................................. 2 2.2 NetBIOS Hostname ....................................................................................................................... 2 2.3 Local Connection ........................................................................................................................... 2 3 Web Interface ....................................................................................................................................... 3 3.1 MONITOR Page ............................................................................................................................. 4 3.2 CONTROL Page .............................................................................................................................. 5 3.3 NETWORK Page ............................................................................................................................ -
The Networker's Guide to Appletalk, IPX, and Netbios
03 9777 CH03 5/21/01 3:42 PM Page 85 3 The Networker’s Guide to AppleTalk, IPX, and NetBIOS UNTIL THE EARLY 1990S,TCP/IP WAS REALLY ONLY PREVALENT in large govern- ment and research facilities where UNIX and other supercomputing operating systems used it as a common network communications protocol.When PCs came into the picture, they were not networked. Rather, they were used either as front-ends to big micro or mainframe systems (IBM was a big fan of this approach) or as standalone sys- tems. In the early 1980s, as PCs grew in number and in performance, three strategies emerged to provide PCs with networking services:AppleTalk, Novell NetWare, and IBM’s NetBIOS. The goal of this chapter is to give you an understanding of the various protocols that make up the protocol suites and the roles they perform. It is not intended to explain how to design, set up, and manage a network. Chapter 7,“Introduction to Cisco Routers,” and Chapter 10,“Configuring IP Routing Protocols on Cisco Routers,” discuss configuration issues for these protocols. Because NetBIOS is a ses- sion layer protocol rather than a protocol suite, it will be described in the context of its operational behaviors at the end of this chapter. 03 9777 CH03 5/21/01 3:42 PM Page 86 86 Chapter 3 The Networker’s Guide to AppleTalk, IPX, and NetBIOS AppleTalk AppleTalk was an outgrowth of the Apple Macintosh computing platform. First intro- duced in 1984 and updated in 1989, it was designed to provide the Macintosh with a cohesive distributed client/server networking environment.AppleTalk, -
Fax2mail User Guide
Fax2Mail User Guide Welcome to Fax2Mail. This guide is designed to provide new users with complete instructions on how to use this exciting service. Additional information can be found on our website at www.fax2mail.com. Thank you for choosing Fax2Mail. About Fax2Mail As a global leader and pioneer in multimedia messaging solutions, EasyLink uniquely combines the best features of fax technology and the convenience of email into one powerful and easy-to-use solution. Our Fax2Mail solution enables customers to seamlessly integrate the power of fax into their existing email service. Users can send, receive, save, file, forward and track faxes in seconds--right from their desktops--without having to convert file formats. Work is accomplished faster, with added security and total reliability. Fax2Mail works with our clients' existing platforms for Internet access and email. Traffic is forwarded through EasyLink Service's high-speed, high-volume network of servers with total transparency to end users. Virtually all common document files, spreadsheets and graphic image files are automatically converted to outbound faxes. Users also have the option of storing custom cover sheets for outbound fax deliveries. When a fax is received over our system, it is automatically forwarded to an assigned user's email box as a TIFF or PDF attachment with notification in the subject line. Clients maintain total control over administration of their accounts through Web-based user registration, coversheet selection/storage, billing and report options. Just choose the documents you want to transmit and attach them to email as you would normally. Send your message to [email protected] and we'll do the rest--converting the files for instant delivery as crystal-clear faxes! There are a variety of methods in which you can send and receive electronic faxes. -
Edition with Romkey, April 16, 1986 (PDF)
PC/IP User's Guide MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Laboratory For Computer Science Network programs based on the DoD Internet Protocol for the mM Personal Computer PC/~ release or March, 1986; document updated Aprill4, 1986 by: Jerome H. Saltzer John L. Romkey .• Copyright 1984, 1985, 1986 by the Massachusetts Institute or Technology Permission to use, copy, modlt'y, and distribute these programs and their documentation ror any purpose and without ree ls hereby granted, provided that this copyright and permission notice appear on all copies and supporting documentation, the name or M.I.T. not be used in advertising or publlclty pertalnlng to dlstrlbutlon or the programs without written prior permission, and notice be glven in supporting documentation that copying and distribution ls by permlsslon or M.I.T. M.I.T. makes no representations about the suitablllty or this software for any purpose. It is provided "as ls" without express or Implied warranty. - ii - CREDITS The PC/IP packages are bullt on the work of many people in the TCP/IP community, both at M.I.T. and elsewhere. Following are some of the people who directly helped in the creation of the packages. Network environment-John L. Romkey Terminal emulator and customizer-David A. Bridgham Inltlal TFTP-Kari D. Wright Inltlal telnet-Louls J. Konopelskl Teinet model-David D. Clark Tasking package-Larry W. Allen Development system-Christopher J. Terman Development environment-Wayne C. Gramlich Administrative Assistant-Muriel Webber October 3, 1985. This document is in cover .mss - iii- - iv Table of Contents 1. Overview of PC/IP network programs 1 1.1. -
Coremail Pro Email Hosting Webmail User Manual
Coremail Pro Email Hosting Webmail User Manual Website:http://www.coremail.hk/ Hotline:400-000-1631 Copyright Statement This document is copyrighted by Coremail Hong Kong Company Limited. All rights reserved. Without written permission, no company or individual may disclose, reprint, or otherwise distribute any part of this document to a third party. Otherwise, they will be held backupable. Disclaimer This document provides only phase information. The contents can be updated at any time based on the actual situation of the product without prior notice. Coremail is not liable for any direct or indirect losses caused by improper use of documents. Document update This document was last revised in Nov, 2019 by Coremail Hong Kong Limited Company. About US Company website http://www.coremail.cn Sales Consulting Hotline 400-000-1631 Technical Support Hotline 400-888-2488 Website:http://www.coremail.hk/ Hotline:400-000-1631 Content 1. Webmail Introduction.......................................................................................... 6 1.1 Webmail Log in............................................................................................................6 1.2 Webmail Page.............................................................................................................. 7 1.2.1 Navigation Bar........................................................................................................7 1.2.2 Shortcut Bar............................................................................................................8 -
List of TCP and UDP Port Numbers from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
List of TCP and UDP port numbers From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This is a list of Internet socket port numbers used by protocols of the transport layer of the Internet Protocol Suite for the establishment of host-to-host connectivity. Originally, port numbers were used by the Network Control Program (NCP) in the ARPANET for which two ports were required for half- duplex transmission. Later, the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) needed only one port for full- duplex, bidirectional traffic. The even-numbered ports were not used, and this resulted in some even numbers in the well-known port number /etc/services, a service name range being unassigned. The Stream Control Transmission Protocol database file on Unix-like operating (SCTP) and the Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP) also systems.[1][2][3][4] use port numbers. They usually use port numbers that match the services of the corresponding TCP or UDP implementation, if they exist. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses.[5] However, many unofficial uses of both well-known and registered port numbers occur in practice. Contents 1 Table legend 2 Well-known ports 3 Registered ports 4 Dynamic, private or ephemeral ports 5 See also 6 References 7 External links Table legend Official: Port is registered with IANA for the application.[5] Unofficial: Port is not registered with IANA for the application. Multiple use: Multiple applications are known to use this port. Well-known ports The port numbers in the range from 0 to 1023 are the well-known ports or system ports.[6] They are used by system processes that provide widely used types of network services. -
SIM7000 Series Email Application Note
SIM7000 Series_Email _Application Note LPWA Module SIMCom Wireless Solutions Limited Building B, SIM Technology Building, No.633, Jinzhong Road Changning District, Shanghai P.R. China Tel: 86-21-31575100 [email protected] www.simcom.com SIM7000 Series_Email_Application Note_V1.01 Document Title: SIM7000 Series_Email_Application Note Version: 1.02 Date: 2020.07.28 Status: Released GENERAL NOTES SIMCOM OFFERS THIS INFORMATION AS A SERVICE TO ITS CUSTOMERS, TO SUPPORT APPLICATION AND ENGINEERING EFFORTS THAT USE THE PRODUCTS DESIGNED BY SIMCOM. THE INFORMATION PROVIDED IS BASED UPON REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICALLY PROVIDED TO SIMCOM BY THE CUSTOMERS. SIMCOM HAS NOT UNDERTAKEN ANY INDEPENDENT SEARCH FOR ADDITIONAL RELEVANT INFORMATION, INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT MAY BE IN THE CUSTOMER’S POSSESSION. FURTHERMORE, SYSTEM VALIDATION OF THIS PRODUCT DESIGNED BY SIMCOM WITHIN A LARGER ELECTRONIC SYSTEM REMAINS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE CUSTOMER OR THE CUSTOMER’S SYSTEM INTEGRATOR. ALL SPECIFICATIONS SUPPLIED HEREIN ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE. COPYRIGHT THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS PROPRIETARY TECHNICAL INFORMATION WHICH IS THE PROPERTY OF SIMCOM WIRELESS SOLUTIONS LIMITED COPYING, TO OTHERS AND USING THIS DOCUMENT, ARE FORBIDDEN WITHOUT EXPRESS AUTHORITY BY SIMCOM. OFFENDERS ARE LIABLE TO THE PAYMENT OF INDEMNIFICATIONS. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED BY SIMCOM IN THE PROPRIETARY TECHNICAL INFORMATION ,INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO REGISTRATION GRANTING OF A PATENT , A UTILITY MODEL OR DESIGN. ALL SPECIFICATION SUPPLIED HEREIN ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE AT ANY TIME. SIMCom Wireless Solutions Limited Building B, SIM Technology Building, No.633 Jinzhong Road, Changning District, Shanghai P.R. China Tel: +86 21 31575100 Email: [email protected] For more information, please visit: https://www.simcom.com/download/list-863-en.html For technical support, or to report documentation errors, please visit: https://www.simcom.com/ask/ or email to: [email protected] Copyright © 2020 SIMCom Wireless Solutions Limited All Rights Reserved. -
TCP/IP Explained
TCP/IP Explained PHILIP MILLER DIGITAL PRESS Boston Oxford Johannesburg Melbourne New Delhi Singapore Table of Contents Preface xvii Chapter 1 - Introduction 1 1.1 What is TCP/IP? 1 1.1.1 A Brief History of TCP/IP 2 1.1.2 The Internet Protocol Suite 3 1.2 The Internet 5 1.2.1 The Growth of the Internet 6 1.3 Summary 9 Chapter 2 - Standardization 11 2.1 The Internet Architecture Board 11 2.1.1 The Internet Engineering Task Force 12 2.1.2 The Internet Research Task Force 13 2.2 Internet Protocol Standards 13 2.2.1 Protocol States 14 2.2.2 Protocol Status 16 2.2.3 The Request For Comments (RFC) 16 2.3 Internet Protocol Architecture 17 2.3.1 The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model 18 2.3.2 The OSI Model and LANs 20 2.3.3 The Internet Protocol Suite Model 23 2.4 A Comparison of Major Architectures 25 2.5 Summary 26 Chapter 3 - An Overview of Network Technologies and Relay Systems 27 3.1 Ethernet and IEEE 802.3 27 3.1.1 802.3 Specifications 27 3.1.2 Ethernet/802.3 Frame Structure 30 3.1.3 Ethernet/802.3 Operation 32 3.2 Token Ring 33 3.2.1 802.5 Specifications 34 3.2.2 802.5 Frame Structure 36 3.2.3 802.5 Operation 38 3.3 Fibre Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) 39 3.3.1 FDDI Specifications 41 3.3.2 FDDI Frame Structure 42 3.3.3 FDDI Operation 43 3.4 Relay Systems 43 3.4.1 Repeaters 44 3.4.2 Bridges 45 3.5 WAN Links 50 3.6 Summary 51 Chapter 4 - Internet Addressing 53 4.1 The Need for an Addressing Scheme 53 4.2 Internet Addressing 54 4.2.1 Dotted Decimal Notation 55 4.2.2 Identifying IP Addresses and Rules 56 4.2.3 Choosing the Right Addressing -
Network Working Group J. Postel Request for Comments: 840 ISI April 1983
Network Working Group J. Postel Request for Comments: 840 ISI April 1983 Official Protocols This RFC identifies the documents specifying the official protocols used in the Internet. Annotations identify any revisions or changes planned. To first order, the official protocols are those in the Internet Protocol Transition Workbook (IPTW) dated March 1982. There are several protocols in use that are not in the IPTW. A few of the protocols in the IPTW have been revised these are noted here. In particular, the mail protocols have been revised and issued as a volume titled "Internet Mail Protocols" dated November 1982. There is a volume of protocol related information called the Internet Protocol Implementers Guide (IPIG) dated August 1982. A few of the protocols (in particular the Telnet Options) have not been revised for many years, these are found in the old ARPANET Protocol Handbook (APH) dated January 1978. This document is organized as a sketchy outline. The entries are protocols (e.g., Transmission Control Protocol). In each entry there are notes on status, specification, comments, other references, dependencies, and contact. The status is one of: required, recommended, elective, or experimental. The specification identifies the protocol defining documents. The comments describe any differences from the specification or problems with the protocol. The other references identify documents that comment on or expand on the protocol. The dependencies indicate what other protocols are called upon by this protocol. The contact indicates a person