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Eclipse Solar Tudo Sobre O Eclipse Que Irá Ocorrer Em Agosto

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Eclipse Solar Tudo Sobre O Eclipse Que Irá Ocorrer Em Agosto REVISTA DE DIVULGAÇÃO DE ASTRONOMIA E CIÊNCIAS DA NATUREZA Ano 04 -N“ 15- Agosto/2017 F V\ f * Tour pelo Sistema Solar As luas de Saturno Eclipse Solar Tudo sobre o eclipse que irá ocorrer em agosto Evolução A adaptação de Vida na volta para a água Mayak Um farol na órbita GALILEU E 0 TELESCÓPIOC 0 DISCO DE OURO DA SONDA ESPACIAL VOYAeERC ATIVIDADES NA ESTAÇÃO ESPACIAL INTERNACIONALC AGENDA DOS LANÇAMENTOS ESPACIAISC fistro AstroNova . N.15 : 2011' ( y Novo 0 Souza trata mais uma vez sobre Evolução, mas agora com um enfoque-bem mais específico: os mamíferos da EXPEDIENTE água. EDITORIAL Rafael Cândido nos detalha Editores: uma das mais fascinantes Os tempos difíceis pára a missões espaciais robóticas Rafael Cândido Junior Ciência continuam. Desta da NASA: a sonda Voyager. [email protected] vez, a vítima da falta de Nela-, um disco dourado Wilson Guerra recurso foi a Astronáutica. viaja pelo espaço, ■ Em uma mesma semana a [email protected] • . • .» atualmente saindo dos empresa SpaceX e a NASA limites do Sistema Solar. * Redatores: anunciaram adiamento para Uma pequena amostra do suasmissões.tripuladasã * que é a Terra e dos seres Cristian Reis Westpahl • Marte. A meta, que sèria humanos que (ainda) a ' [email protected] para a proxima década, habitam estão contidas agora está indeterminada. neste disco. Como ele foi Ricardo Francisco Pereira Mas, na contramão.destes feito e como estas . [email protected] contratempos,- lançamos informações foram * Rafael Cândido Junior nossa 15a edição dá concebidas, são os objetos [email protected] AstroNova. Começando pelo - do artigo. ' ' ■ ; ' ■ nosso Tour pelo Sistema Por fim, Cristian Westphal Rogério Correia de Souza Solar e conhêcendo um nos deixa por dentro do' [email protected] pouco das "luas" de Saturno. Mayak, um satélite Wilson Guerra Em seguida o prof. Ricardo concebidoporjovens Francisco Pereira nos traz engenheiros russos que está [email protected] um breve artigo sobre prestar a.bbilhar, Arte e Diagramação: Galileu e seu telescópio. literalmente, em nossos . Dando seqüência, Wilson Guerra trataremos do fenômeno Mas primeiramente [email protected] astronômico que encanta a ' trazemos com nossa Astrofotos: humanidadehámilênios:o tradicional agenda de eclipse solar. 0 segundo ■ lançamento de foguetes e ■ Adriano Faciole deste ano' ocorrerá neste mês os princiais acontecimentos Augusto César Araújo de agosto. E tal como no na Estação Espacial1 Leonardo Amaral primeiro, que aconteceu em', Internacional neste último Newton Cesar Florencio fevereiro, discorro um pouco trimestre. Ricardo Leite sobre o fenômeno e como . Uma ótima leitura a todos! * observá-lo. Capa: fundo cósmico com galáxia M106 Wilson Guerra em destaque Nesta edição' o prof. Rogério GCAA apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap170707.html fiSTRO Novn Principais Lançamentos do Trimestre RÚSSIA Foguete: SOYUZ (Roscosmos) Foguete: ROCKOT (Roscosmos) Tripulação 52-S da Estação Carga: Sentinel 3B, satélite europeu Espacial Internacional para observação da Terra Local: Cosmódromo de Baikonur Local: Cosmódromo de Plesetsk Data: 12/08/2017 Data: novembro/2017 ESTADOS UNIDOS Foguete: Atlas 5 (ULA) Foguete: Pegasus XL (Orbital ATK) Carga: satélite para a ISS se Carga: ICON, satélite da NASA; estuda comunicarcom outros satélites ambiente espacial via ionosfera Local: Cabo Canaveral Local: Ilhas Marshall Data: 03/08/2017 Data: 14/11/2017 Foguete: PSLV(ISRO) Carga: IRNSS 1H, satélite para sistema de posicionamento regional Local: Base de Dhawan, Sriharikota Data: 08/2017 Foguete: H-2B (Jaxa) Carga: Michibiki 4, satélite para sistema de posicionamento regional Lançamento: Centro de Tanegashima Data: novembro/2017 ASTRO Principais Lançamentos do Trimestre r a g j ^ Foguete: VEGA Foguete: ARIANE5 Carga: Optsat 3000: satélite militar italiano; Carga: Galileo 19-22, satélites de Venus: monitorvegetação+teste propulsão ã plasma posicionamento global europeu Local: Base de Kourou Local: Base de Kourou Data: 02/08/2017 Data: novembro/2017 Foguete: Longa Marcha 5 Carga: sonda lunar Chang'e 5; enviará amostras da Lua Local: Base de Wenchang Data: novembro/2017 ASTRONAUTICA Estação^Espacial InternaGÍpnalj(ISSf^p^^ Principais atividades - maio ajutho/2017 Tripulação atua!}____________ Próxima Expedição - Soyuz MS-06 (13/09/2017) hnstalado [Nêutrons. descartado no ^emjvídlo!|Br Em 24 de março de 1655, americano do Arizona e é mais estranhas de Saturno. sabia-se apenas que Terra e coberta por gelo de água que Metade dela é dez vezes Júpiter tinham luas. No dia reflete a luz solar como neve mais brilhante do que a seguinte, Christiaan recém-caída. Isto a torna outra metade. extremamente fria, apenas Huygens acrescentou Epimeteu e Jano trocam Saturno à lista ao descobrir cerca de -201°C. Pode ser que suas órbita em períodos de sua maior lua, Titã. vulcões nesta lua tenham poucos anos, se revezando De lá para cá, foram expelido as partículas na posição de lua mais descobertos 31 satélites geladas que formam o anel E próxima do planeta. de Saturno e que elas nevem naturais orbitando Saturno. Febe pode ser uma centauro Alguns, como Pan, Atlas, de volta continuamente em sua superfície. capturada, um objeto que Prometeu e Pandora, são vagava na direção do Sol "luas pastoras", que Mimas, com apenas 392 desde seu lar no Cinturão conduzem as partículas em quilômetros de diâmetro, Kuiper, além de Plutão. órbita de Saturno para um tem uma cratera gigante anel distinto. Algumas luas com um terço do tamanho Mas é a misteriosa Titã que produzem distorções e da própria lua. E em seu mais intriga os cientistas. padrões de onda nos anéis. centro se encontra um pico Titã é a segunda maior lua com cerca de dois terços do de todo o sistema solar Uma lua, Encélado, é um dos (Ganimedes de Júpiter é objetos mais brilhantes no tamanho do Monte Everest, o ponto mais alto da Terra. ligeiramente maior). Ela é sistema solar. Ela tem quase maior do que dois planetas, a largura do Estado Iapetus está entre as luas Mercúrio e Plutão. 07 AstroNovo . N.14 . 2017 k ASTRO Titã Encélado •Tipo: regular •Tipo: regular • Raio: 2.575 km • Raio: 250 km •Característica principal: •Característica principal: atmosfera bastante densa, superfície muito brilhante, com presença de compostos por estar coberta de gelo de carbono. que reflete luz solar como a neve. Orbitando Saturno longe do do mundo para refletir Sol, sua temperatura na microondas na lua gigante - superfície é de apenas - a 1 bilhão de quilômetros de 1802C. E éa única lua com distância. Os sinais que uma atmosfera densa -tão voltaram sugeriram que até lapetus densa, na verdade, que a 75% de Titã pode estar pressão atmosférica perto da coberto por lagos ou superfície em Titã é cerca de oceanos de metano ou etano •Tipo: regular 60% maior que a da Terra. líquido. • Raio: 718 km Isto é o que um A sonda Huygens da Europa, •Característica principal: mergulhador sente sob 6 batizada em homenagem ao hemisférios de cores metros cúbicos de água. astrônomo holandês, estava extremamente contrastantes: um muito Os cientistas acham que a viajando para Saturno a claro e outro muito escuro. atmosfera de Titã pode bordo da espaçonave Cassini lembrar a da Terra quando a da Nasa. A Huygens vida começou a se formar mergulhou através da aqui. Assim, estudar Titã atmosfera nebulosa de Titã e pode ajudar a aprender pousou em sua superfície sobre os primórdios de em janeiro de 2005. nosso próprio planeta. A Cassini chegou a Saturno, Nós ainda não tivemos uma em 2004, para sua missão Mimas boa visão da superfície de orbital de quatro anos, e nós Titã (sua névoa espessa e provavelmente vermelha a escondeu das aprenderemos muito sobre •Tipo: regular duas espaçonaves Voyager essas luas - e possivelmente • Raio: 198 km que visitaram o sistema em descobriremos ainda mais. •Característica principal: presença de uma grande 1980 e 1981), mas os www.nasa.gov cientistas usaram cratera de impacto. Tradução: Luiz Roberto Mendes recentemente o mais Gonçalves poderoso sistema de radar 08 Via Láctea Astrofotógrafo: Augusto Cesar Araújo Maranguape-CÊ. ■ VENHA PARA O M AIOR ENCONTRO DE ASTRONOMIA D O P A R A N Á HISTORIA DA CIENCt Ricardo Francisco Pereira holandês Hans Lippershey, composto de duas lentes e [email protected] em 1608, que tentou um tubo e ainda tinha sido patenteá-lo. oferecida a um comandante A paternidade da invenção Em 1609, emVeneza, Galileu da cidade por um alto preço. que veio a se chamar Galilei ouviu falar sobre um Galileu se interessou de posteriormente de instrumento que era capaz imediato pelo instrumento, telescópio é atribuída ao de observar com nitidez criando suas próprias fabricante de lentes objetos afastados e que era versões até chegar a uma n ASTRO nstroNova.N.15.2017 <o> <o> <o> : ^.w.'• ri\-,:Y:>*•;-. • - * .•••••:-....;# í. -- ■■. ■ .• (0 7 (9 ) <oo Desenhos feitos por Galileu a partir das observações a Saturno (esquerda) e da Lua (direita). versão que era capaz de ganhando algum dinheiro. Júpiter, as fases de Vênus, as aumentar em 30 vezes o Não há registros sobre o que manchas no Sol e os anéis de tamanho de objetos. Ele motivou Galileu a Saturno (apesar de que ele também comercializou o direcionar para o céu o não soube reconhecer como instrumento com instrumento, que ele anéis ao redor do planeta comerciantes locais e os chamou de Perspicillum, por causa da baixa resolução legisladores de Veneza, mas quando o fez, realizou de seu telescópio). descobertas que revolucionaram a história da Ricardo F. Pereira é professor no depto. de Física da UEM. É doutor humanidade, tais como as em Educação e coordenador da crateras e montanhas na páginas Recursos de Física Lua, as 4 maiores luas de www.recursosdefisica.com.br fotografia do Perspicillum, o telescópio que O Sol e suas manchas, Galileu retrata Vênus e suas fases, conforme Galileu usou para realizar suas descobertas. conforme ilustração de Galileu. as observa com seu telescópio. 12 M104- Galaxia do Sombreiro.
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