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Richard Garty, Who Was at Camp Catlin with the United States Marine Corps on December 7, 1941

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Richard Garty, Who Was at Camp Catlin with the United States Marine Corps on December 7, 1941 ORAL HISTORY INTERVIEW #286 RICHARD H. GARTY CAMP CATLIN, SURVIVOR INTERVIEWED ON DECEMBER 6, 1998 BY DANIEL MARTINEZ TRANSCRIBED BY: CARA KIMURA AUGUST 26, 2001 USS ARIZONA MEMORIAL NATIONAL PARK SERVICE ORAL HISTORY COLLECTION Daniel Martinez (DM): …a family and how you ended up in the corps and things like that. The following oral history interview was conducted by Daniel Martinez, historian for the National Park Service at the USS Arizona Memorial. The taping was done at the Imperial Palace Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada on December 6, 1998 at two p.m. The person being interviewed is Richard Garty, who was at Camp Catlin with the United States Marine Corps on December 7, 1941. For the record, Richard, you go by Dick or do you go… Richard Garty (RG): Dick usually. DM: Okay, Dick, for the record, could you state your full name? RG: Richard Harold Garty. DM: And your place of birth? RG: Chicago, Illinois. DM: And the date of birth? RG: November 9, 1923. DM: Could you please tell me what you considered your hometown in 1941? RG: Chicago. DM: Chicago. RG: Right. DM: Great town. RG: Yeah. DM: Just was in Chicago a couple of times this year. Arizona Memorial -- 55th Anniversary Richard Garty - 2 (Conversation off-mike) DM: Okay. Tell me a little bit about your family. You come from a family of how many children? RG: Well, I have two sisters. One five years younger and one seven years younger. And they both live in the Chicago area. DM: Okay. RG: Yeah. DM: So you had two sisters and yourself. There was a family of three. RG: Yeah, right. DM: Was your father and mother alive… RG: Yeah. DM: …during the time of you growing up? RG: Yes. DM: What did you… RG: My father was a steel mill worker. DM: In Chicago? RG: In Chicago, yeah. DM: That’s pretty tough work. RG: Yeah. DM: And what did your mother do? Arizona Memorial -- 55th Anniversary Richard Garty - 3 RG: She was a homemaker. DM: So she took care of all the children? RG: That’s right. Right, yeah. DM: Now you grew up through the depression. RG: Right, yeah. DM: Tough in Chicago? RG: Yes, it was. My dad had hurt his back and we were on relief, you know, and he was laid up. It was quite a deal on my dad. DM: Did you go to work to support the family too? RG: Yeah. I delivered newspapers just like a lot of other kids. DM: What kind? What newspaper? RG: Chicago Tribune. DM: The big one? RG: Yeah. DM: What part of Chicago did you live in? RG: At that time I was living in Harvey, Illinois. DM: Okay. RG: Which is just one of the southern suburbs of… DM: Right. RG: …of Chicago. Arizona Memorial -- 55th Anniversary Richard Garty - 4 DM: Where did you go to grammar school? RG: I went to Myra Bradwell Elementary School in Chicago. DM: Uh-huh. RG: On Burnham Avenue, I think it was. DM: Okay. And high school? RG: High school, I went to Thornton Township High School in Harvey, Illinois. DM: Okay, and what was—did you play sports? RG: No. Well, some. I played some baseball and I was on the swimming team. DM: Okay. RG: Yeah. DM: And what was your favorite subject in high school? RG: Girls. (Laughter) RG: No, I didn’t have any favorite subjects. DM: Okay. You grew up in Chicago. It’s kind of a tough life. You get out of high school and you look at yourself and say… RG: Actually I didn’t finish high school. I joined the Marine Corps in 1941, in July. DM: How old were you? RG: Seventeen. Arizona Memorial -- 55th Anniversary Richard Garty - 5 DM: So your parents signed the… RG: Yeah, right. DM: And you figured the best education for me is to get out of Chicago and join the Marine Corps? RG: Yeah. DM: Why the Marine Corps? RG: Well there was six of us guys always hung around together and one day while I was working downtown Chicago at the time at the Boston Store, we all rode the train down together. And we got off the train and the guys says, “Come on, we’re going to join the Marine Corps,” and they hadn’t discussed it with me. So we all went over there and all five of those guys got turned down and I got taken. (Laughs) DM: Is that…(laughs). RG: Yeah. DM: Life has its irony. RG: Yes it does. DM: Now, did you know how tough an outfit the Marine Corps was when you enlisted or… RG: Yeah. DM: And you thought you were tough, or you thought… RG: No. DM: …this might toughen you up? Arizona Memorial -- 55th Anniversary Richard Garty - 6 RG: No, I didn’t think of that at all. DM: What was the attraction? RG: The attraction was I knew about the Marine Corps, but the six of us were going to go join the Marine Corps together. DM: So you were going in with your buddies… RG: Buddies, yeah. DM: …and this was going to be a big adventure. RG: Yeah. One of ‘em got in the Marine Corps after the war started and he come in my outfit as a replacement. DM: Is that right? What’s the chances of that? RG: Yeah, that was pretty slim. DM: Now, they took you from—where did they train you at? Where was boot camp? RG: I went through boot camp in San Diego. DM: Okay. What was that experience like? RG: Oh, it was stressful, as all people will tell you when they went through boot camp, pretty stressful. DM: Sergeants have… RG: They were rugged but fair. DM: Rugged but fair. RG: Right. They didn’t beat us up or cuss us out. Arizona Memorial -- 55th Anniversary Richard Garty - 7 DM: But they squared you away? RG: They squared us away, right. DM: What was your favorite thing in boot camp? RG: I don’t know. Shooting a rifle, I guess, firing a rifle. DM: You liked the shooting? RG: Yeah. DM: What was your least favorite? RG: Geez, I don’t know. I don’t think I had a least favorite. DM: None of the obstacle course, none of the KP duty or any of that stuff? RG: Oh, I didn’t get KP duty until after boot camp. DM: Okay. Now, when you get out of boot camp, they assign you. Where did you get assigned? RG: I got assigned to thirty days mess duty. DM: Okay. RG: (Laughs) DM: But they didn’t send you off to school, they didn’t send you to… RG: I was supposed to go, after that I was supposed to go to radio school. DM: Okay. RG: But I didn’t get to go. 4th Defense [Battalion] was there. It got to San Diego from Cuba. Arizona Memorial -- 55th Anniversary Richard Garty - 8 DM: Mm-hm. RG: And they needed replacements and I was one of the replacements that went with the 4th Defense [Battalion]. DM: Okay, so you went for the 4th Defense Battalion? RG: Yeah, in November. DM: Okay. RG: And went aboard the [USS] Henderson. DM: Okay. The troopship Henderson. RG: Troopship Henderson, nine knots downhill. (Laughter) DM: And that was, so that was a slow cruise from… RG: Yeah, I don’t remember how many days it was. Took us about five, six days, something like that. DM: She was a pretty old vessel, wasn’t she? RG: Yeah, it was a World War I troopship too. DM: And you were bound for Hawaii? RG: No. DM: Okay. RG: We were bound for Wake Island yet it wasn’t a—it was a well-kept secret, almost, you know. DM: Uh-huh. Arizona Memorial -- 55th Anniversary Richard Garty - 9 RG: So we didn’t get to go, of course, we didn’t go to Wake Island. They pulled us into Hawaii and unloaded our ship. DM: Okay. RG: That last week in November. DM: Well, not for the fate, you may have been one of those immortalized at Wake Island with that other defense battalion. RG: That’s true. Yeah. DM: Do you ever think about that? RG: Yes I do. In fact, I’m thinking about it. I read this article, Pearl Harbor Revisited, by Harry Elmer Barnes. DM: Uh-huh. RG: And he tells about quite a bit about it in here. And one of the things, if I may quote out of here. DM: Sure. RG: That, “…as a result of research by staff at some leaks from intelligence officers in 1941, Thomas Dewey, the Republican candidate for the presidency had learned during the campaign of ’44 that President [Franklin Delano] Roosevelt had been reading the intercepted Japanese diplomatic messages in the purple and other codes and was aware of the threat of a Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor at any time after November 26, 1941, but had failed to warn the commanders there, General Walter Short and Admiral Husband E. Kimmel, in time to advert the attack or meet it effectively.” Now the story of Admiral Kimmel and General Short is probably well- known. DM: Right. Arizona Memorial -- 55th Anniversary Richard Garty - 10 RG: How they both got court-martialed for it and all that. DM: Right. RG: And eventually… DM: Well, they were charged, they were never tried. RG: Charged. That’s right. And so on, but then Dewey found out later on that he wanted to use that information, that Roosevelt knew about the attack as early as April of 1941.
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