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Golden Treasures of the Pharaohs Nile

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Golden Treasures of the Pharaohs Nile NILEMAGAZINE.CO.UK | #15 | AUGUST–SEPTEMBER 2018 £4.90 NILENILE~ DiscoverDiscover AncientAncient EgyptEgypt TodayToday THE BLACK Sarcophagus Life in a PYRAMID BUILDERS’ Town NEFERTITI’S WEDDING The Clues in Tutankhamun’s Tomb GOLDEN TREASURES OF THE PHARAOHS NILE 6 THE BLACK SAR CO PHA 21 31 LIFE IN A 44 GUS PYRAMID KV 62: Jeff Burzacott BUILDERS’ MEANINGS SETI I: 53 For 17 days in July, & FREEMASONRY, the Twittersphere TOWN SYMBOLS obsessed over an MOZART Campbell Price Fabienne Haas ominous-looking, A Dantes black sarcophagus One site more than & ALIEN PHARAOH’S that had been any other gives us What is the CONSPIRACIES unearthed in a unique insight evidence in KV 62 Nicky Nielsen LEGACY Alexandria. Was into the lives of for Nefertiti’s Jeff Burzacott there an ancient those who built wedding? Fabienne The sometimes evil inside, waiting and maintained a Haas Dantes unusual reaction to King Ptolemy II to be unleashed? pyramid: that of investigates the the discovery of could never have The truth turned Lahun built by King symbols in the Seti I’s tomb and guessed what his out to be far Senwosret II Burial Chamber’s mummy in the 18th greatest gift to nastier. around 1870 B.C. tomb decoration. and 19th centuries. Egypt would be. 2 NILE #15 | AUGUST–SEPTEMBER 2018 NILE #15 August– September 2018 4 Map of Egypt 4 The NILE Quiz 5 Timeline THE COVER 53 NILE Shorts GOLDEN 60 Looking Back TREASURES 62 Exhibitions & Events OF THE 64 Coming Up PHARAOHS 64 Contact NILE Jeff Burzacott 65 Subscribe to NILE Wreathed in remarkable magical powers, gold could SUBSCRIBE & SAVE! confer immortality. A new Get Nile Magazine delivered to exhibition at the Grimaldi your door every two months Forum in Monaco features and save over 20%. some of the spectacular Every 6th magazine is free! golden treasures from See page 65 for your fabulous Cairo’s Egyptian Museum. subscription offer. EGYPTIAN MUSEUM, CAIRO. ACC. NO. CG 51006 (JE 95232). © LABORATORIOROSSO SRL EGYPTIAN MUSEUM, CAIRO. ACC. NO. CG 51006 (JE 95232). © LABORATORIOROSSO SRL 9 - FROM THE EDITOR ne of the many pleasures of producing NILE Magazine is Omeeting terrific people Mohamed A. Fahmy is one of the most in-demand guides in Luxor (and beyond). With a Masters degree in Egyptology, when he isn’t sharing his knowledge and passion with a tour group in person, he is doing it via the popular Em Hotep BBS Facebook group or his own page. In this issue, Mohamed has been of particular help with the Accessible Egypt article, starting on page 56. He’s very en- thusiastic about the project and provided many of the images of the new wheelchair- friendly pathways being installed at Karnak Temple. Thanks, Mohamed! If you’re heading to Egypt, you can get in touch via Mohamed’s Facebook page or on email: [email protected]. Welcome to issue #15. I hope you really enjoy your NILE time! © MOHAMED A. FAHMY Jeff Burzacott ~ Mohamed A. Fahmy at Karnak Temple, facing the obelisks of Queen Hatshepsut [email protected] (on the left) and of her father, Thutmose I (on the right). NILEMAGAZINE.CO.UK 3 PHOTO: REUTERS/MOHAMED ABD EL GHANY And this is the tiny space where the black sarcophagus was part of the Ptolemaic era, so archaeologists are also probing discovered. The bite-sized building site is undergoing further for potential burials in the limited surrounding area. The local excavations in the hope of revealing more of this particular landowner, it seems, will have to wait a while longer before tomb. This area was used as a burial precinct during the latter he can start on that building. when Alexandria was the envy of the Mediterranean world. Apparently, the thought is that drinking the liquid would allow one to “assume its powers”! WHO WERE THEY? More than one Egyptologist has suggested that those While no identifying inscriptions have yet been found, the wishing to drink the sarcophagus liquid should be allowed sarcophagus’ black granite was quarried in Aswan and sailed to do so! downstream for over a thousand kilometres. Whoever commissioned it must have been very wealthy indeed. Given the size and design of the sarcophagus, however, it is possible that it is a reused or unfinished piece, dating to around Dynasty 30 (380–343 b.c.)—some 150 years before it was buried in Alexandria. Its size made the sar- cophagus ideal for a group/family burial. The skeletal remains have been moved to the Alexandria National Museum for conservation and study. In time, we hope to learn more about the soggy tenants in the giant black sarcophagus. IT GETS WORSE Despite the dire warnings that opening the big black sarcophagus wouldn’t end well, the operation has turned into a fairly routine rescue dig. So, with no impending © EGYPTIAN MINISTRY OF ANTIQUITIES apocalypse to worry about, the internet invented something The scene met by archaeologists when the black sarcopha- even more bizarre: over 20,000 people have now signed an gus was opened, and the sewerage water scooped out: three online petition calling on the authorities to allow people badly decomposed bodies—perhaps members of a family. to drink the red-brown slurry found inside the sarcophagus. 8 NILE #15 | AUGUST–SEPTEMBER 2018 GOLDEN TREASURES OF THE PHARAOHS 2,500 Years of the Goldsmith’s Art in Ancient Egypt old. For the Egyptians, it was Featured in the exhibition is this highly- proof that eternity was real. decorated and gilded coffin belonged to Gold was the imperishable Isisemkheb D, a priestess of the Temple G of Mut at Karnak. flesh of the gods, and gold was the Isisemkheb was probably a lesser wife king’s eternal likeness—his of the High Priest Pinudjem II. It was mummy mask—reaffirming his Pinudjem II who established the family divinity in the afterlife. cache tomb, now known as DB 320, in An eternal life dependant which Isisemkheb's coffin was found. on gold meant that they The priestess’ coffin features gener- ous gilding, a luxurious wig and a needed a lot of it. During the flourish of deities separated by reign of Thutmose III, for winged goddesses. instance, Lower Nubia de- Christiane Ziegler, honorary livered some 250 kilograms director of the Department of of gold to the Temple of Egyptian Antiquities at the Musée Karnak each year! du Louvre, and curator of Golden Treasures, reminds us that The Grimaldi Forum in “gold held pride of place in tombs Monaco showcases a new because it was wreathed in themed exhibition annually. remarkable magical powers. In They are always very Egyptian thinking, gold, an inalter- popular, but this year’s pro- able metal, dazzling as the sun, was considered the ‘flesh of the duction is extra special: gods’. It was for this reason that it Golden Treasures of the Pha- was used to make funerary masks raohs: 2,500 Years of the and royal sarcophagi, conferring Goldsmith’s Art in Ancient immortality on their owners. Rich Egypt. Over 150 exceptional individuals [like Isisemkheb] had to pieces have been loaned from make do with wood covered in gold leaf or yellow paint highlights.” Cairo’s Egyptian Museum. Despite the lavish appearance of When they return, they’ll go Isisemkheb's coffin, times were tough straight to the new Grand and Theban elites shifted towards Egyptian Museum near Giza. group burials that were more easily The exhibition (and this guarded. Commissioning colourful article) features pieces that have paintings for the tomb chapel was a costly exercise (and caught the attention never before left Egypt, like the of Thebans with nefarious intent), so bracelet of King Djer (1st tombs were usually left undecorated. Dynasty, ca. 3000 b.c.) on page The Egyptians adapted to this by creating 17, and the stunning silver coffin more richly-decorated coffins to fill the of Psussennes I (21st Dynasty, ca. role of the tomb. Isisemkheb’s outer coffin was found 1039–991 b.c.) on page 13. intact, but the gilded faces and hands These two examples alone from the inner coffin and mummy-cover demonstrate Golden Treasures’ were missing. These pieces were espe- vast chronological sweep— cially vulnerable in a group burial situation extending from Egypt’s earliest because they could be quickly torn off by dynasties through to the Third less sentimental family members when depositing a new burial. As long as the outer Intermediate Period—a period coffin was left untouched, there was no way covering over 2,000 years. for anyone to know that the valuable gilding The next few pages put the from the inner parts of the ensemble had spotlight on some of the high- been attacked. lights of Golden Treasures of the EGYPTIAN MUSEUM, CAIRO. Pharaohs, and you can find more ACC. NO. CG 61031 / JE 26198(a). information on page 20. © LABORATORIOROSSO SRL NILEMAGAZINE.CO.UK 9 M ! tt. B-K 1 Kp “The name of her mother is Tjuiu” From the “Marriage Scarab” of Amenhotep III (ca. 1390 B.C.) uring the first 11 years of his reign, the 18th Dynasty’s tomb (although undecorated) in the Valley of the Kings Amenhotep III issued a unique series of notices, (KV 46). It also didn’t hurt that Tjuiu was a “Royal Orna- D written on the base of large scarabs. These declared ment” (lady-in-waiting) to Mutemwiya 7 _ ! . 1 ^ . his divine authority over the length and breadth of the Yuya and Tjuiu’s tomb was discovered in February 1905 empire, and outlined the key achievements of his reign so by British Egyptologist James Quibell working for the far.
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