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Dangerous Truths
Dangerous Truths The Panchen Lama's 1962 Report and China's Broken Promise of Tibetan Autonomy Matthew Akester July 10, 2017 About the Project 2049 Institute The Project 2049 Institute seeks to guide decision makers toward a more secure Asia by the century’s mid-point. Located in Arlington, Virginia, the organization fills a gap in the public policy realm through forward-looking, region-specific research on alternative security and policy solutions. Its interdisciplinary approach draws on rigorous analysis of socioeconomic, governance, military, environmental, technological and political trends, and input from key players in the region, with an eye toward educating the public and informing policy debate. About the Author Matthew Akester is a translator of classical and modern literary Tibetan, based in the Himalayan region. His translations include The Life of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo, by Jamgon Kongtrul and Memories of Life in Lhasa Under Chinese Rule by Tubten Khetsun. He has worked as consultant for the Tibet Information Network, Human Rights Watch, the Tibet Heritage Fund, and the Tibetan Buddhist Resource Center, among others. Acknowledgments This paper was commissioned by The Project 2049 Institute as part of a program to study "Chinese Communist Party History (CCP History)." More information on this program was highlighted at a conference titled, "1984 with Chinese Characteristics: How China Rewrites History" hosted by The Project 2049 Institute. Kelley Currie and Rachael Burton deserve special mention for reviewing paper drafts and making corrections. The following represents the author's own personal views only. TABLE OF CONTENTS Cover Image: Mao Zedong (centre), Liu Shaoqi (left) meeting with 14th Dalai Lama (right 2) and 10th Panchen Lama (left 2) to celebrate Tibetan New Year, 1955 in Beijing. -
17-Point Agreement of 1951 by Song Liming
FACTS ABOUT THE 17-POINT “Agreement’’ Between Tibet and China Dharamsala, 22 May 22 DIIR PUBLICATIONS The signed articles in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the Central Tibetan Administration. This report is compiled and published by the Department of Information and International Relations, Central Tibetan Administration, Gangchen Kyishong, Dharamsala 176 215, H. P., INDIA Email: [email protected] Website: www.tibet.net and ww.tibet.com CONTENTS Part One—Historical Facts 17-point “Agreement”: The full story as revealed by the Tibetans and Chinese who were involved Part Two—Scholars’ Viewpoint Reflections on the 17-point Agreement of 1951 by Song Liming The “17-point Agreement”: Context and Consequences by Claude Arpi The Relevance of the 17-point Agreement Today by Michael van Walt van Praag Tibetan Tragedy Began with a Farce by Cao Changqing Appendix The Text of the 17-point Agreement along with the reproduction of the original Tibetan document as released by the Chinese government His Holiness the Dalai Lama’s Press Statements on the “Agreement” FORWARD 23 May 2001 marks the 50th anniversary of the signing of the 17-point Agreement between Tibet and China. This controversial document, forced upon an unwilling but helpless Tibetan government, compelled Tibet to co-exist with a resurgent communist China. The People’s Republic of China will once again flaunt this dubious legal instrument, the only one China signed with a “minority” people, to continue to legitimise its claim on the vast, resource-rich Tibetan tableland. China will use the anniversary to showcase its achievements in Tibet to justify its continued occupation of the Tibetan Plateau. -
Say the Country Is Still Under Martial Law in Everything but in Name. No
say the country is still under martial law in everything but in name. No Tibetan critique of the nature of Chinese rule in Tibet can match that of the late 10th Panchen Lama’s in depth, breadth and meticulous detail. Known as the 70,000 character petition, it was addressed to the top Chinese leadership, including Mao Zedong. In his capacity as the vice-chairman of the National People’s Congress, in 1962, the Panchen Lama travelled extensively throughout Tibet and wrote his observations of the conditions of the people and places he visited. With the help of the United Front, he set up a team to write the petition. When completed, after much cross-checking and having the petition translated from the original Tibetan into Chinese, the Panchen Lama presented his opinion to the Chinese premier Zhou Enlai on 18 May 1962. The Chinese premier took the criticism in the document seriously to the extent that he summoned Zhang Guohua and Zhang Jingwu, the two top Chinese leaders in Tibet, to Beijing and told them to address the mistakes in their Tibet work. However, that summer at the central committee conclave at the seaside resort of Beidahe, Mao Zedong called the Panchen Lama’s 70,000 character petition “a poisoned arrow” and labelled the Tibetan leader as “a class enemy.” The Panchen Lama was struggled or publicly criticised and humiliated before thousands of angry crowds. He was thrown in prison and served 14 years under some form of detention. Though the Panchen Lama’s critique of the nature of Chinese rule in Tibet was made in 1962, more than 55 years ago, it remains valid today, mainly because the Chinese authorities, despite a tentative foray into liberalisation in Tibet, have largely refused to address the core concerns raised by the Tibetan leader. -
Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
China Data Supplement May 2007 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC .......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 42 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 44 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR ................................................................................................................ 45 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR ....................................................................................................................... 52 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 56 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 May 2007 The Main National Leadership of the PRC -
Strategic Research on Construction and Promotion of China's
Strategic Research on Construction and Promotion of China’s Intelligent Cities Yunhe Pan Strategic Research on Construction and Promotion of China’s Intelligent Cities General Report Strategic Research on Construction and Promotion of China’s Intelligent Cities Editor-in-chief Yunhe Pan, Chinese Academy of Engineering, Beijing, China This book series is the first in China on “Intelligent City” research, with systematic and thorough contributions from more than 200 Chinese experts including 47 academicians of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) in related fields. The book series is co-published with Zhejiang University Press, Hangzhou, China and consists of 13 volumes as planned, including one general report and 12 sector reports. In 2010, CAE conducted a research on the development of “smart cities” and concluded that urban development in China has reached a crucial turning point. Therefore, CAE kicked off the key consultancy research project on “Strategic Research on Construction and Promotion of China’s Intelligent Cities”, on which this book series is based. Firsthand and research results, surveys and analysis are provided on almost every aspect of urban development and smart cities in this series. Representing the highest level of research in this field in China, the book series will offer an authoritative reference resource for international readers, helping them to understand intelligent city construction in China, a movement expected to be highly influential around the globe. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/15953 -
Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
China Data Supplement March 2007 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries 45 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations 48 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR 51 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR 58 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan 62 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 March 2007 The Main National Leadership of the PRC LIU Jen-Kai Abbreviations and Explanatory Notes CCP CC Chinese Communist Party Central Committee CCa Central Committee, alternate member CCm Central Committee, member CCSm Central Committee Secretariat, member PBa Politburo, alternate member PBm Politburo, member BoD Board of Directors Cdr. Commander CEO Chief Executive Officer Chp. Chairperson COO Chief Operating Officer CPPCC Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference CYL Communist Youth League Dep.Cdr. Deputy Commander Dep. P.C. Deputy Political Commissar Dir. Director exec. executive f female Gen.Man. General Manager Hon.Chp. Honorary Chairperson Hon.V.-Chp. Honorary Vice-Chairperson MPC Municipal People’s Congress NPC National People’s Congress PCC Political Consultative Conference PLA People’s Liberation Army Pol.Com. -
Cultural Genocide in Tibet a Report
Cultural Genocide in Tibet A Report The Tibet Policy Institute The Department of Information and International Relations Central Tibetan Administration Published by the Tibet Policy Institute Printed at Narthang Press, Department of Information and International Relations of the Central Tibet Administration, 2017 Drafting Committee: Thubten Samphel, Bhuchung D. Sonam, Dr. Rinzin Dorjee and Dr. Tenzin Desal Contents Abbreviation Foreword .............................................................................................i Executive Summary ...........................................................................iv Introduction ........................................................................................vi PART ONE A CULTURE OF COMPASSION The Land .............................................................................................4 Language and Literature....................................................................4 Bonism .................................................................................................6 Buddhism ............................................................................................6 Sciences ................................................................................................8 Environmental Protection ................................................................9 The Origin and Evolution of Tibetan Culture ..............................10 The Emergence of the Yarlung Dynasty .......................................11 Songtsen Gampo and the Unification -
Newsletter December 2016 No
International Knowledge Centre for Engineering Sciences and Technology under the Auspices of UNESCO Newsletter December 2016 No. 4 International Knowledge Centre for Engineering Sciences and Technology under the Auspices of UNESCO International Knowledge Centre for Engineering Sciences and Technology under the Auspices of UNESCO The International Knowledge Centre for Engineering Sciences and Technology (shortened as “IKCEST”) is a category 2 centre under the auspices of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (shortened as “UNESCO”). IKCEST was established on June 2, 2014. The Chinese Academy of Engineering is responsible for the operation and management of the IKCEST. Under the auspices of UNESCO, IKCEST is a comprehensive and international knowledge centre devoted to the engineering sciences, technology and applied technology. IKCEST aims at connecting engineering sciences and technology institutions globally, assembling various digital resources relating to engineering sciences and technology, building up a public data service platform and corresponding service environment, and coordinating the building of various professional knowledge systems, thus providing knowledge-based services at a global scale in the form of consultancies, scientific research and education for policy-makers and engineering science and technology professionals in the world, with particular reference to the developing countries. The specific tasks and functions of IKCEST are as follows: to establish an international engineering and technology resources hub; to establish a public data service platform, and to develop the technology for mining and analyzing knowledge from big data; to cooperatively build professional knowledge service systems, and to build capacity in developing countries; to foster interdisciplinary engineering talents with big data processing ability; and to assist UNESCO to fulfill its aims and support its action plans. -
China Data Supplement January 2007
China Data Supplement January 2007 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries 55 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations 57 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR 62 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR 69 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan 73 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 January 2007 The Main National Leadership of the PRC LIU Jen-Kai Abbreviations and Explanatory Notes CCP CC Chinese Communist Party Central Committee CCa Central Committee, alternate member CCm Central Committee, member CCSm Central Committee Secretariat, member PBa Politburo, alternate member PBm Politburo, member BoD Board of Directors Cdr. Commander CEO Chief Executive Officer Chp. Chairperson COO Chief Operating Officer CPPCC Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference CYL Communist Youth League Dep.Cdr. Deputy Commander Dep. P.C. Deputy Political Commissar Dir. Director exec. executive f female Gen.Man. General Manager Hon.Chp. Honorary Chairperson Hon.V.-Chp. Honorary Vice-Chairperson MPC Municipal People’s Congress NPC National People’s Congress PCC Political Consultative Conference PLA People’s Liberation Army Pol.Com. -
Profiles of Members of China's New Generation AI Strategic Advisory
Summary On November 15, 2017, the PRC Ministry of Science and Technology announced the formation of the "New Generation Artificial Intelligence Strategic Advisory Committee." The purpose of the committee is to provide input to the Chinese government on S&T development plans and projects that involve AI. Most of the 27 members of the committee have academic and research backgrounds, but the group includes five industry representatives as well. This product summarizes Chinese government and media reporting on the committee and includes a short biographical profile of each committee member. Title Profiles of Members of China's New Generation Artificial Intelligence Strategic Advisory Committee Sources See footnotes For profiles of members of another Chinese state AI advisory body, the PRC Ministry of Education Artificial Intelligence Technology Innovation Expert Group, see: https://cset.georgetown.edu/wp-content/uploads/t0104_MOE_AI_groups_EN.pdf Translation Date Translator and Annotator April 13, 2020 Ben Murphy, CSET Translation Lead The PRC Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST; 科技部) held a kick-off meeting for the 1 New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Plan and related major S&T projects (重大 2 科技项目) on November 15, 2017, according to state press agency Xinhua. 3 At the meeting, Minister of Science and Technology-designate Wang Zhigang announced the establishment of the Next Generation Artificial Intelligence Strategic Advisory Committee (新一 4 代人工智能战略咨询委员会), according to MOST's website. The purpose of the Strategic -
THE PRICE of OBSCURITY in CHINA: Revelations About Prisoners Arrested After June 4, 1989
May 19, 1994 Vol.6, No.5 THE PRICE OF OBSCURITY IN CHINA: Revelations About Prisoners Arrested After June 4, 1989 I. IntroductionIntroduction.............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 II. Beijing No.2 PrisonPrison............................................................................................................................................................................................. 4 Ill-treatment of Prisoners ................................................................................................................................................................. 4 Organization and Structure.............................................................................................................................................................. 6 The Proposed ICRC Visit ....................................................................................................................................................................... 7 III. Qinghe FarmFarm.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Fair Trial Concerns................................................................................................................................................................................10 -
JIANBIN WANG, Ph.D
JIANBIN WANG, Ph.D. SCHOOL OF LIFE SCIENCES, TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY MEDICAL SCIENCE BUILDING C238 • BEIJING CHINA 100084 Phone +86-10-62789280 • [email protected] http://accuquantbio.life.tsinghua.edu.cn EDUCATION Stanford University 2008.09 - 2014.01 Ph.D. in Bioengineering. Advisor: Dr. Stephen R. Quake Thesis: Single-Cell and Single-Chromosome Genomics: Technologies and Applications Peking University 2004.09 - 2008.06 B.S. in Chemistry. Advisor: Dr. Yanyi Huang Thesis: A Chip-To-Chip Nanoliter Microfluidic Dispenser EMPLOYMENT Tsinghua University, Beijing, China 2015.08 - present Assistant Professor, School of Life Sciences and Center for Life Sciences Agenovir Corporation, Palo Alto, United States 2015.01 - 2015.08 Consulting Scientist Stanford University, Stanford, United States 2014.01 - 2015.01 Postdoctoral Scholar, Laboratory of Dr. Stephen R. Quake HONORS AND AWARDS Thousand Young Talents Program (Chinese Government) 2016 - 2018 HHMI International Student Research Fellowship (Howard Hughes Medical Institute) 2011 - 2013 Siebel Scholar (Siebel Foundation) 2011 - 2012 China Scholarship Council Postgraduate Scholarship (China Scholarship Council) 2008 - 2012 Yang Fuqing & Wang Yangyuan Academician Scholarship (Peking University) 2007 Guanghua Scholarship (Peking University) 2006 Silver Sail Award for the Top Adolescents in Beijing (Beijing Education Committee) 2004 Fourth Place in Biochemistry, 55th Intel International Science and Engineering Fair 2004 PEER REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS 14. PA Underhill, GD Poznik, S Rootsi, M Järve, AA Lin, J Wang, et al. (2015). The phylogenetic and geographic structure of Y-chromosome haplogroup R1a. European Journal of Human Genetics, 23(1), 124-31. 13. J Wang, SR Quake. (2014). RNA-guided endonuclease provides a therapeutic strategy to cure latent herpesviridae infection.