DOCSLIB.ORG

China AI Development Report 2018

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
China AI Development Report 2018 China AI Development Report 2018 China Institute for Science and Technology Policy at Tsinghua University China Institute for Science and Technology Policy at Tsinghua University Add: School of Public Policy & Management, Tsinghua University, Haidian, Beijing, 100084, China Tel: +861062797212 July 2018 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://cistp.sppm.tsinghua.edu.cn/ 清华大学 中 国 科 技 政 策 研究中 心 China Institute for Science and Technology Policy at Tsinghua University Contents FOREWORD ..........................................................................................01 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...........................................................................03 1. AI: Concept, Methods and Data .........................................................08 1.1 Concept of AI ................................................................................................................09 1.2 Research Methods and Data .......................................................................................09 2. AI S&T Output and Talent ..................................................................12 2.1 AI Paper Output ................................................................................................ 13 2.1.1 Paper Output: World and China .........................................................................13 2.1.2 High-impact Papers: World and China ..............................................................20 2.1.3 Paper Citation: World and China .......................................................................25 2.2 AI Patent Output ............................................................................................... 28 2.2.1 Global AI Patent Output .....................................................................................28 2.2.2 China's AI Patent Output ....................................................................................32 2.3 AI Talent ........................................................................................................... 33 2.3.1 Global AI Talent Distribution .............................................................................33 2.3.2 China's AI Talent Distribution ............................................................................41 3. AI Industry Development and Market Applications ............................45 3.1 AI Enterprise Distribution ................................................................................. 46 3.1.1 Regional Distribution of Chinese AI Enterprises ...............................................46 3.1.2 Establishment Time of Chinese AI Enterprises .................................................48 3.1.3 Specialized Areas of Chinese AI Enterprises ......................................................49 3.2 AI Industry Investment ..................................................................................... 50 3.2.1 Investment and Financing Scale of China's AI Industry ...................................50 3.2.2 Regional Differences of AI Industry Investment and Financing in China .........51 3.2.3 Investment and Financing Round Changes in China's AI Industry ..................52 3.3 Structure and Scale of The AI Market ................................................................ 52 3.3.1 Structure of China's AI Market ...........................................................................52 3.3.2 Scale of China's AI Market ..................................................................................53 3.4 AI Industry Standards ....................................................................................... 53 3.4.1 International AI Standards .................................................................................53 3.4.2 Chinese AI Standards ..........................................................................................54 3.5 AI Products and Applications ............................................................................ 54 3.5.1 AI-Powered Devices ............................................................................................54 3.5.2 Industry Applications of AI .................................................................................57 4. AI Development Strategy and Policy Environment ............................61 4.1 International AI Strategy and Policy ................................................................. 62 4.1.1 Key AI Policy Initiatives in Major Countries and Regions ..................................62 4.1.2 Key AI Research and Application Areas in Major Countries and Regions.........64 4.1.3 AI Policy Advancement Agencies in Major Countries and Regions ..................67 4.2 China’s National AI Policy ................................................................................. 70 4.2.1 China’s National AI Policy Trend ........................................................................70 4.2.2 Evolution of China's National AI Policy Themes ...............................................72 4.2.3 Citation Network Analysis of China's National AI Policy...................................77 4.3 China's Provincial-level AI Policy ...................................................................... 78 4.3.1 Number of Provincial-level AI Policy Documents .............................................78 4.3.2 Citation Relationship of Provincial-level AI Policies .........................................81 4.3.3 Theme Analysis of National and Provincial-level AI Policies ............................82 5. Public Perception and General Impact of AI ......................................85 5.1 Public Perception of AI ..................................................................................... 86 5.1.1 Survey of Public Perception of AI .......................................................................86 5.1.2 Differences in Public Interest in AI .....................................................................88 5.1.3 Public Attitudes towards AI ................................................................................91 5.2 General Impact of AI on Society ........................................................................ 92 5.2.1 AI's Impact On Education and Employment .....................................................93 5.2.2 AI's Impact on Privacy and Security ..................................................................94 5.2.3 AI's Impact on Social Equality ............................................................................94 5.3 Survey of China's AI Education ......................................................................... 95 5.3.1 Current Situation of China's AI Education Development .................................95 5.3.2 Questionnaire on AI Education ..........................................................................97 6. Reflection and Outlook ...................................................................103 6.1 Summary and Reflection ..........................................................................................104 6.2 Research Limitations and Prospect ..........................................................................106 Appendix 1: List of Main AI Conferences ..............................................108 Appendix 2: Category Description .......................................................108 Appendix 3: Two Dimensions of AI Enterprise Identification ...............109 Appendix 4: AI Standards and Norms ..................................................110 Appendix 5: AI Policy Data Sources .....................................................111 Working Group and Acknowledgement ..............................................112 About the Sponsoring Organizations ..................................................114 China AI Development Report 2018 FOREWORD Artificial intelligence (AI) has gradually become While AI has penetrated all aspects of society, a reality from a sci-fi dream along with the production and everyday life, opinions still vary as approaching of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. to the definition of AI and its current development Since the idea was put forward for the first time and future direction. Governments, the public and in 1956, AI has experienced ups and downs the business community have all shown a strong in its development. It is not until the second interest in this emerging technology. Domestic decade of the 21st century, with the confluence and overseas research institutes have also paid of breakthroughs in core algorithms, rapid close attention to China’s AI development and improvement of computing capabilities and the published various research reports, but their views availability of massive amounts of digital data, that and observations and even some basic facts they AI has finally taken a leap forward and grabbed cited were not entirely objective and less than worldwide attention. After AlphaGo's victory over comprehensive. In view of this, China Institute for Go player Lee Sedol in 2016, however, the global Science and Technology Policy (CISTP) at Tsinghua excitement about AI has been mixed with concerns University, Government Documents Center at about its negative implications. Nonetheless, it is Tsinghua University School of Public Policy and obvious that countries around the world have seen Management (SPPM-GDC) and Chinese Institute AI as a critical arena of international competition of Engineering Development Strategies (CIEDS), and are rolling AI initiatives to secure a favorable together with Clarivate Analytics, ScientistIn,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Shuang Zhang
    June 2020 Shuang Zhang Department of Economics, University of Colorado Boulder Email: [email protected] Website: https://spot.colorado.edu/~shzh6533/index.html APPOINTMENTS 2020- Associate Professor of Economics (with tenure), University of Colorado Boulder 2013-2020 Assistant Professor of Economics, University of Colorado Boulder 2012-2013 SIEPR Postdoctoral Fellow, Stanford University AFFILIATIONS 2020- Faculty Research Fellow, National Bureau of Economic Research EDUCATION Ph.D. in Economics, Cornell University, 2012 M.A. in Economics, Fudan University, China, 2007 B.A. in Economics (with distinction), Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, China, 2004 RESEARCH INTERESTS Environment and Energy, Health, Development, China PUBLICATIONS “Willingness to Pay for Clean Air: Evidence from Air Purifier Markets in China” (with Koichiro Ito). Journal of Political Economy, 2020, 128 (5): 1627-1672. (Lead Article) “Land Reform and Sex Selection in China” (with Douglas Almond and Hongbin Li). Journal of Political Economy, 2019, 127 (2): 560-585. “The Limits of Political Meritocracy: Screening Bureaucrats Under Imperfect Verifiability” (with Juan Carlos Suárez Serrato and Xiao Yu Wang). Journal of Development Economics, 2019, 140: 223-241. “Quantifying Coal Power Plant Responses to Tighter SO2 Emissions Standards in China” (with Va- lerie Karplus and Douglas Almond). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2018, 115 (27): 7004-7009. “The Effects of High School Closure on Education and Labor Market Outcomes in Rural China”. Economic Development and Culture Change, 2018, 67 (1): 171-191. 1 WORKING PAPERS Reforming Inefficient Energy Pricing: Evidence from China (with Koichiro Ito), NBER WP 26853, 2020. Ambiguous Pollution Response to COVID-19 in China (with Douglas Almond and Xinming Du), NBER WP 27086, 2020.
    [Show full text]
  • Smart Speakers & Their Impact on Music Consumption
    Everybody’s Talkin’ Smart Speakers & their impact on music consumption A special report by Music Ally for the BPI and the Entertainment Retailers Association Contents 02"Forewords 04"Executive Summary 07"Devices Guide 18"Market Data 22"The Impact on Music 34"What Comes Next? Forewords Geoff Taylor, chief executive of the BPI, and Kim Bayley, chief executive of ERA, on the potential of smart speakers for artists 1 and the music industry Forewords Kim Bayley, CEO! Geoff Taylor, CEO! Entertainment Retailers Association BPI and BRIT Awards Music began with the human voice. It is the instrument which virtually Smart speakers are poised to kickstart the next stage of the music all are born with. So how appropriate that the voice is fast emerging as streaming revolution. With fans consuming more than 100 billion the future of entertainment technology. streams of music in 2017 (audio and video), streaming has overtaken CD to become the dominant format in the music mix. The iTunes Store decoupled music buying from the disc; Spotify decoupled music access from ownership: now voice control frees music Smart speakers will undoubtedly give streaming a further boost, from the keyboard. In the process it promises music fans a more fluid attracting more casual listeners into subscription music services, as and personal relationship with the music they love. It also offers a real music is the killer app for these devices. solution to optimising streaming for the automobile. Playlists curated by streaming services are already an essential Naturally there are challenges too. The music industry has struggled to marketing channel for music, and their influence will only increase as deliver the metadata required in a digital music environment.
    [Show full text]
  • Tsinghua University Is Recruiting Academic Faculty at Home and Abroad!
    Tsinghua University Is Recruiting Academic Faculty at Home and Abroad! Tsinghua University was established in 1911, originally under the name “Tsinghua Xuetang”. Over 109 years since its establishment, Tsinghua has been celebrated both at home and abroad for its productive scholarship, rigorous scientific spirit, deep patriotism and profound cultural heritage. Shui Mu Tsinghua, a well-endowed place where best talents are nurtured. Following the motto of “Self-discipline and Social Commitment” and the spirit of “Actions speak louder than Words”, Tsinghua has educated over 200,000 students, many of whom have emerged as outstanding scholars, eminent entrepreneurs and distinguished statesmen and women. Dedicated to the well-being of Chinese society and to world development, Tsinghua has become one of the important bases of high- caliber talent cultivation and scientific and technological research in China. Centenary Tsinghua, with a galaxy of great minds. In the past century, many highly accomplished masters with profound scholarship in both ancient and modern knowledge and both Chinese and Western learning taught at Tsinghua, setting up excellent role models. Today's Tsinghua, a magnetic place for topnotch teachers. Today in Tsinghua, there are more than 3,000 high-caliber teachers, including the largest number of academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering of all institutes of higher education in China, famous professors, Changjiang Scholars, candidates for overseas talent programs and winners of the National Outstanding Youth Fund. In addition, a large number of world- renowned masters and young and middle-aged leaders in the academic circles are also actively working at the university.
    [Show full text]
  • The History of Virtual Assistants
    THE HISTORY OF VIRTUAL ASSISTANTS 1961 IBM introduces the IBM shoebox, the first digital speech recognition tool. It recognized 16 words and digits 1972 Carnegie Mellon completes Harpy Program. It could understand about 1000 words 1990 Dragon launches Dragon Dictate,the first speech recognition product for consumers (For $6000) Design by, Thouseef Syed M.S. ACN 1996 University of Texas, Dallas Microsoft introduces Clippy 2001 Microsoft introduces speech recognition feature for Office XP 2011 Feb 18: IBM’s Watson wins jeopardy April 14: Apple introduces Siri 2012 July 9: Google launches Google Now 2013 APRIL 2: Microsoft introduces Cortana at the annual BUILD developer November: conference Amazon 2014 introduces Alexa and Amazon Echo to Prime members 2015 January: Microsoft launches Cortana on Windows 10 desktops and laptops June 23: Amazon officially launches Amazon Echo in the US June 25: Amazon introduces the Alexa skills kit December: Microsoft Cortana added to mobile platforms and other devices March 1: 2016 SoundHound launches voice powered virtual assistant application March: Amazon launches Amazon Echo dot and Tap Google introduces Google Assistant as part of the messaging app ALLO Microsoft adds Cortana to XBOX one September 28: Amazon Echo in UK and Germany October 5: Samsung acquires virtual assistant startup Viv October 20:Amazon launches 2nd generation of Amazon Echo Dot,cuts price to $49 November 4: Google launches Google Home and smartphone Google Pixel November 25:Chinese Manufacturer lingLong launches Echo competitor DingDong
    [Show full text]
  • Android Devices
    Mobile Devices Compatible With A10050QC iOS Devices Lightning Connector iPhone 5 iPod Touch (6th generation) iPhone 5C iPad 4 iPhone 5S iPad Air iPhone 6 iPad Air 2 iPhone 6 Plus iPad mini iPhone 6S iPad mini 2 iPhone 6S Plus iPad mini 3 iPhone SE iPad mini 4 iPhone 7 iPad Pro (9.7 inch) iPhone 7 Plus iPad Pro (12.9 inch) iPod Touch (5th generation) Android Devices Micro USB Connector All Android phone support Smartphone With Quick Charge 3.0 Technology Type-C Connector Asus ZenFone 3 LG V20 TCL Idol 4S Asus ZenFone 3 Deluxe NuAns NEO VIVO Xplay6 Asus ZenFone 3 Ultra Nubia Z11 Max Wiley Fox Swift 2 Alcatel Idol 4 Nubia Z11miniS Xiaomi Mi 5 Alcatel Idol 4S Nubia Z11 Xiaomi Mi 5s General Mobile GM5+ Qiku Q5 Xiaomi Mi 5s Plus HP Elite x3 Qiku Q5 Plus Xiaomi Mi Note 2 LeEco Le MAX 2 Smartisan M1 Xiaomi MIX LeEco (LeTV) Le MAX Pro Smartisan M1L ZTE Axon 7 Max LeEco Le Pro 3 Sony Xperia XZ ZTE Axon 7 Lenovo ZUK Z2 Pro TCL Idol 4-Pro Smartphone With Quick Charge 3.0 Technology Micro USB Connector HTC One A9 Vodafone Smart platinum 7 Qiku N45 Wiley Fox Swift Sugar F7 Xiaomi Mi Max Compatible With Quick Charge 3.0 Technology Micro USB Connector Asus Zenfone 2 New Moto X by Motorola Sony Xperia Z4 BlackBerry Priv Nextbit Robin Sony Xperia Z4 Tablet Disney Mobile on docomo Panasonic CM-1 Sony Xperia Z5 Droid Turbo by Motorola Ramos Mos1 Sony Xperia Z5 Compact Eben 8848 Samsung Galaxy A8 Sony Xperia Z5 Premium (KDDI Japan) EE 4GEE WiFi (MiFi) Samsung Galaxy Note 4 Vertu Signature Touch Fujitsu Arrows Samsung Galaxy Note 5 Vestel Venus V3 5070 Fujitsu
    [Show full text]
  • MPP System Control Module User Guide /V1.0 Nulllindeni Nulllindeni Nulllindeni Nulllindeni Nulllindeni Nulllindeni Nulllindeni Nulllindeni
    nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni MPP System Control Module User Guide /V1.0 nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni Document version：V1.0 Release Date：2017.4.13 nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni Copyright © Zhuhai Allwinner Technology Co., Ltd. 2018. All rights reserved. No part or all of the contents of this document may be copied or reproduced without the written permission of the company, and may not be used.What form of communication. nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni Trademark statement 、Allwinner and other Allwinner trademarks are trademarks of Zhuhai Allwinner Technology Co., Ltd.All other trademarks or registered trademarks mentioned in this document are the property of their respective owners. Note The products, services or features you purchase are subject to the terms and conditions of the company and all or part of the products, services or features described in this document may not be covered by your purchase or use. Unless otherwise agreed by the contract, Allwinner Company makes no representations or warranties, nulllindeni expressnulllindenior implied, regarnulllindeniding the contentsnulllindeniof this document.nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni nulllindeni The contents of this document
    [Show full text]
  • China in 50 Dishes
    C H I N A I N 5 0 D I S H E S CHINA IN 50 DISHES Brought to you by CHINA IN 50 DISHES A 5,000 year-old food culture To declare a love of ‘Chinese food’ is a bit like remarking Chinese food Imported spices are generously used in the western areas you enjoy European cuisine. What does the latter mean? It experts have of Xinjiang and Gansu that sit on China’s ancient trade encompasses the pickle and rye diet of Scandinavia, the identified four routes with Europe, while yak fat and iron-rich offal are sauce-driven indulgences of French cuisine, the pastas of main schools of favoured by the nomadic farmers facing harsh climes on Italy, the pork heavy dishes of Bavaria as well as Irish stew Chinese cooking the Tibetan plains. and Spanish paella. Chinese cuisine is every bit as diverse termed the Four For a more handy simplification, Chinese food experts as the list above. “Great” Cuisines have identified four main schools of Chinese cooking of China – China, with its 1.4 billion people, has a topography as termed the Four “Great” Cuisines of China. They are Shandong, varied as the entire European continent and a comparable delineated by geographical location and comprise Sichuan, Jiangsu geographical scale. Its provinces and other administrative and Cantonese Shandong cuisine or lu cai , to represent northern cooking areas (together totalling more than 30) rival the European styles; Sichuan cuisine or chuan cai for the western Union’s membership in numerical terms. regions; Huaiyang cuisine to represent China’s eastern China’s current ‘continental’ scale was slowly pieced coast; and Cantonese cuisine or yue cai to represent the together through more than 5,000 years of feudal culinary traditions of the south.
    [Show full text]
  • Joint Civil Society Report Submitted to the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination
    Joint Civil Society Report Submitted to The Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination for its Review at the 96th Session of the combined fourteenth to seventeenth periodic report of the People’s Republic of China (CERD/C/CHN/14-17) on its Implementation of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination Submitters: Network of Chinese Human Rights Defenders (CHRD) is a coalition of Chinese and international human rights non-governmental organizations. The network is dedicated to the promotion of human rights through peaceful efforts to push for democratic and rule of law reforms and to strengthen grassroots activism in China. [email protected] https://www.nchrd.org/ Equal Rights Initiative is a China-based NGO monitoring rights development in Western China. For the protection and security of its staff, specific identification information has been withheld. Date of Submission: July 16, 2018 Table of Contents I. Executive Summary Paras. 1-2 II. Recommendations Para. 3 III. Thematic Issues & Findings A. Legislation underpinning discriminatory counter-terrorism policies Paras. 4-7 [Articles 2 (c) and 4; List of Themes para. 8] B. Militarized policing, invasive surveillance, and constant monitoring Paras. 8-21 [Articles 3, 4, and 5 (a-b); LOT para. 22] C. Extrajudicial detention, forced disappearances, torture, and other abuses Paras. 22-28 in “Re-education” camps [Article 5 (a)(b)(d); LOT para. 21] D. Counter-terrorism used to justify arbitrary detention and discriminatory Paras. 29-34 punishment of ethnic minorities [Articles 4 and 5 (a)(b)(d); LOT paras. 6 and 21] E. Discrimination and restrictions on religious freedom Paras.
    [Show full text]
  • Detective 11.0 October 2018
    OXYGEN FORENSIC® DETECTIVE 11.0 OCTOBER 2018 USE NEW WHATSAPP EXTRACTION METHOD AQCUIRE IOT DEVICES WhatsApp is without doubt the most popular messenger Digital assistants are already a part of everyday life and in the world with over 1.5 billion users globally. Thus, have been successfully used to solve several crimes. extracting complete WhatsApp content from all possible Oxygen Forensic® Detective v.11 brings support for the sources is essential for any investigation. two most popular digital assistants – Amazon Alexa and Google Home. Commonly used methods of WhatsApp data acquisition involve extracting data from mobile devices and their You can access Amazon Alexa cloud using a username cloud backups. Oxygen Forensic® Detective v.11 and password or token. A token can be found on the introduces an industry-first alternative method of device’s associated computer with Oxygen Forensic® WhatsApp data extraction. KeyScout and used in Cloud Extractor. The software acquires a complete evidence set from Amazon Alexa, In the new software version, you can access complete including account and device details, contacts, messages, WhatsApp data by scanning a QR code from a mobile calendars, notifications, lists, activities, skills, etc. app or using the WhatsApp token from a PC. This token can be extracted by our KeyScout utility from the Google Home data can be extracted via Google WhatsApp desktop app or from desktop Web browsers. username/password or a master token found in mobile devices. Extracted Google Home data includes account Once data is extracted, you will be able to download and device details, voice commands, and information WhatsApp communications from the subject’s account about users.Google Home data can also be acquired from any time later when an investigation requires by using a the Google Home mobile app on Apple iOS and Android specially generated WhatsApp QR token available in the devices.
    [Show full text]
  • Tianjin University
    Updates on Algal Biofuel Production in China Moderator: Guangyi Wang Prof. & Director Tianjin Univ. Center for Marine Ecology School of Environ. Science & Engineering Tianjin University 2013 Bio Pacific Rim Summit, December 8-11, San Diego, USA Energy Challenges of China Over 60% energy imported abroad New Energy Policy Reduce energy consumption and effectively control CO2 emission in the 12th “five-year”; By the end of the 12th five-year, non-fossil fuel consumption increased to 11.4% and major green house gases reduced by 8-20%; Food-crops can not be used to produce energy. Non-food fuel is the only option. 来源：国务院参事办公室 Advantages (cont’d) Advantages of Algal Biofuels Panel Speakers: Guangyi Wang (Tianjin University) Pengcheng Fu (Beijing University of Chemical Technology) Weiwen Zhang (Tianjin University) Zhongxin Yang (Hangzhou Xinwei Low-carbon Tech R&D Ltd) 2013 Bio Pacific Rim Summit, December 8-11, San Diego, USA Production of Biofuels and Chemicals Using Microalgae Isolated from the Coastal Regions of China Prof. & Director Guangyi Wang Tianjin University Center for Marine Ecology School of Environmental Science & Engineering Tianjin University & Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School 2013 Bio Pacific Rim Summit, December 8-11, San Diego, USA R&D Program for Algal Biofuels R&D Program for Algal Biofuels and High-valued Bioproducts Biodiversity & Life-cycle Analysis Extraction & environmental & environmental purification ecology impacts Large-scale Strain Improvement Thraustochytrids production & photo- using synthetic & DHA/oil bioreactor designing approaches production Biodiesel, aviation fuels, ethanol, protein, polysaccharide, materials etc. R&D Program (cont’d) Isolation cultivation and characterisation of Biological diversity and ecology algal species from Shenzhen Bay and Pearl River Delta To date >300 different species of local algae have been collected and identified.
    [Show full text]
  • Kinetics Model Analysis and Technical Optimization Study on the Elite Men S Triple Jump BTAIJ, 10(2) 2014 FULL PAPER
    id147288218 pdfMachine by Broadgun Software - a great PDF writer! - a great PDF creator! - http://www.pdfmachine.com http://www.broadgun.com BBiiooTTISSNe e: 097cc4 - h7h435 nnooVlolluomoe 1g0g Issuyye 2 An Indian Journal FULL PAPER BTAIJ, 10(2), 2014 [068-076] Kinetics model analysis and technical optimization study on the ’ elite men s triple jump Su Jin1*, Fang Liu2 1College of Physical Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun130024, Jilin, (CHINA) 2The Ated School Beijing Education Institute Shijingshan Branch, Beijing 100043, (CHINA) ABSTRACT KEYWORDS For the existing action defect problem of Chinese Triple jump athletes, this Kinematic model; paper studies the motion parameters and technical actions of triple jump Mathematical statistics; athletes through the analysis of kinematics, combines the whole process Jumping angle; of triple jump, uses the mathematical statistical methods, by comparing Triple jump. Chinese elite athletes with foreign elite athletes, and concludes that Chinese ’ speed and take-off angle is too small, they have deficiency in the athletes integrity and continuity of the action. Therefore, in the future training we should pay attention to strengthening the training of speed, increasing the ground pedaling angle when taking off, adjusting the power ratio of triple jump, focusing on strength training of upper body; it studies the taking-off angle of the third jump to find the best jumping angle. Through the study of the triple jump technique, this paper raises rationalization proposals for the improvement of technological level, which is aiming at improvement the technological level of China triple jump. 2014 Trade Science Inc. - INDIA INTRODUCTION cal skills of triple jump deeply, find a more efficient way, and come up with better improvement sugges- In 1986, the triple jump officially emergences as tions for the Chinese athletes.
    [Show full text]
  • China Display Sector
    27 February 2017 Asia Pacific/Hong Kong Equity Research Electronic Components & Connectors China Display Sector Research Analysts INITIATION Kyna Wong 852 2101 6950 [email protected] Ambitions to lead displays Keon Han 82 2 3707 3740 [email protected] Figure 1: Share gain from China display makers with aggressive Jerry Su capacity expansion 886 2 2715 6361 30 (M sq. m) 35% [email protected] 30% Sam Li 25 25% 852 2101 6775 20 [email protected] 20% 15 15% 10 10% 5 5% 0 0% 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016E 2017E 2018E WW capacity China capacity % China share Source: Company data, Credit Suisse estimates ■ We initiate coverage on the China Display sector. We expect China display sector to outgrow global peers in 2017/18 (China: 17%/9% vs global 14%/3%), given growing demand from Chinese brands, the government policy on localisation and mid-term supply ease. China's display industry is underway to improve its profitability and sustainability with better utilisation and mix. ■ Mid-term supply ease extends into 2H17. We estimate global display panel demand-supply (in terms of display area) would remain healthy (5% vs 3%) in 2017, thanks to limited new capacity and size upgrade. We see potential risk of oversupply starting from 2H18, but need more visibility on capacity ramp and size migration from China players. ■ China ambitions in display sector. (1) China display makers continue to expand capacity for scale capabilities. We expect China capacity to grow at a 25% CAGR over 2016-18E and account for 33% of worldwide capacity in terms of display area by 2018.
    [Show full text]