A JOINT CONFLICT NEEDS ASSESSMENT REPORT , BENISHANGUL GUMUZ REGION, 9-16 DECEMBER, 2020

Assessment team Members

1. Wondwosen Shenkutie-Team Leader

2. Ayenew Bekele-Rapporteur 3. Henok G/Silassie-WASH Engineer 4. Abebe Worku-Branch coordinator 5. Abdi Mohammed-Driver Metekel, Gilgel beles December, 2020

TABLE OF CONTENTS I. LIST OF TABLES………………………………………………………………………………………I

II. LIST OF FIGURES…………………………………………………………………………………….I

III. LIST OF ANNEXES…………………………………………………………………………….…….I

IV. ABBREVIATIONS……………………………………………………………………………….…..II

V. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS……………………………………………………………………..………III

1. Executive Summary………………………………………………………………….…………………..1 2. Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………….…...2 3. Situational Analysis………………………….………………………………….……………………….3 4. Objectives of the assessment…………………………………………………………………………….6 5. Assessment Methodologies………………………………………………………………………………7 6. Key Findings of the assessment & Discussion…………………………………………………………..7 7. Challenges………………………………………………………………………………...…………….13 8. Conclusion and Recommendations……………………………………………………………..………13

9. Annexes………………………………………………………………………………………...……….15

LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Number of conflict affected people and needy population Table 2. The number of health facilities damaged and destroyed in each woreda Table 3. The number of water schemes damaged in all woreda Table 4. The number of schools damaged in all woreda Table 5: Survivors of SGBV & related cases in Metekel zone Table 6. Staple food price for current and last year (2020) LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Administrative Map of Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State LIST OF ANNEXES Annex 1. . Contact persons from key local government stakeholders Annex 2. Benishangul Gumuz Regional State in Metekel Zone new IDPs as of December 15/2020 Annex 3: Distance from Addis Ababa to IDP sites Annex 4. Resources required

ABBREVIATIONS

BGRS Benishangul Gumuz Regional State CBO Community based organization CSB Corn soya blend DRM Disaster Risk Management ERCS Ethiopian Red Cross Society FGD Focus group discussion GBV Gender based violence HIV Human immunodeficiency virus HQ Headquarter IDP Internally displaced people IRC International rescue committee MSF Medicines sans frontiers NFI Nonfood Items NDRMC National Disaster Risk management Commission NRC Norwegian refuge council PLW Pregnant and lactating women PSS Psychosocial support RFL Restoring family links SGBV Sexually gender based violence WASH Water sanitation and hygiene UN United Nations UNHCR United Nations higher commission for refuge UNICEF United Nations international children’s and education Fund UNOCHA United Nations office coordination of humanitarian affairs

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First of all, the assessment team would like to thank ERCS senior management to assign us to conduct this very important mission at the right time. We want to express our gratitude to Metekel zone administration and its respective zonal and Woreda key stakeholders for providing relevant conflict related primary and secondary data throughout this mission.

We are also grateful to the cooperation of the assessment participants, respective Agriculture/DRM offices for their kind assistance during conflict need assessment.

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The conflict need assessment at Metekel zone of Benishangul Gumuz region was conducted from 9-15 December, 2020 by a team of 5 staff members drawn from the ERCS HQ and BG branch staff at Assosa and Metekel level. Of the 7 from Metekel zone, only 3 woreda were visited namely, , and woreda due to security problem in the rest part of the woreda. In addition, the team has visited IDP camps found at Gilgil beles, , , Dangur and dibate areas.

The purpose of the assessment is to verify the impact of the recent conflict in Metekel zone and understand the unmet humanitarian needs, identify sectorial gaps that should be met to minimize humanitarian crises. The overall objective of the assessment is to generate information in all relevant sectors of humanitarian actions to enable ERCS to mobilize local, Regional and international resources for humanitarian response in Ethiopia.

The assessment team has utilized assessment methodological tools developed and endorsed to understand the magnitude of people who are affected by the recent conflict in Metekel zone in a given timeframe. For instance key informant interview, focus group discussion, filed observation and secondary data were employed to compile and analyze data obtained from zonal and woreda level. Key findings, Challenges, Conclusion & recommendations, Annexes of the assessment team were summarized.

1 2. Introduction

Benishangul- Gumuz Regional State (BGRS) is in the western part of the country bordering with in the north and northeast, and Gambella regions in the south and southeast, and the in the west. The regional capital Assosa is about 679 km west of Addis Ababa. Agro-climatically most of the region lies 580 – 2730m above sea level, of which most of the land mass is classified as kola. The region is endowed with huge natural resources, such as forest, agricultural land, and water resources.

Metekel Zone is located in Benishangul-Gumuz Regional state of Ethiopia. It is bordered by on South and South West, on the West by Sudan, and on the North and East by Amhara Region (Awi zone). Abay () river defines the Zone's boundaries with Kamashi, while the Dinder river defines part of its boundary with the Amhara Region. Metekel zone has 7 woredas and the largest zone in the region.

The major crops produced in the zone includes Finger millet, Sorghum and maize. The Zone is also known with cash crops production including Sesame, Ground nut and Soybean. It is also a potential mine area for Gold and Marble.

Metekel Zone is found at an altitude range of 511 – 2,700 meters above sea level. Above 88% of the zone is categorized to be lowland. The zone has bimodal type of rainfall and receives an annual rainfall amount which ranges between 1,200 to 1,900 mm, while the average temperature is between 15°C to 27°C.

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Figure 1. Maps of Benishangul gumuz region 3. SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS 3.1 Displacement situation: April, 2019 - July, 2020 Due to conflict in Metekel zones of various woredas, Benishangul Gumuz Region since April 2019 nearly 6012 households or 31,237 people has been displaced. Nearly 12 IDPs sites from BGRS and 3 from boarder areas of Amhara region were hosted in collective sites and host communities across 5 woredas of Metekel zone and one woredas of Amhara region. Currently, although the security situation in zone has been led by command-post, however, sporadic violence and killings of people, new displacements, damage of assets, destruction of key social services like health post and schools continue particularly in 6 Woredas (Mandura, Dangur, , Dibate, Wombera and Bullen) of Metekel zone. According to discussion with zonal and woreda level key stakeholders, there are three type of internally displaced peoples (IDPs), namely, the first one is an old IDPs since from April 2019(the support continued for them from various partners), the second one is a new IDPs from July, 2020 and the last one is from ethnic Gumuz (the number of displaced and whereabouts is still yet unknown) makes the situation more sever and complex.

Subsequent to the continued discussion between Amhara regional state and Benishangul Gumuz region, the return process was initiated to return IDPs to their places of origin in May, 2019. During returning process, about nearly all IDPs from Amhara region and internal IDPs sheltered in collective sites within Metekel zone have returned to place of their origin. But since July, 2020 the number deaths, property damage and newly displaced people has been increasing in all sites following attacks of armed groups in the area through all direction. As a result, this conflict has brought multifaceted problems for IDPs and the whole residents.

Food Aid: Following the displacement, government, CBOs and partners, through various coordination mechanisms, have provided humanitarian response to meet immediate needs of the affected communities since April, 2019. To mention a few national government, regional government, Assosa University, UNICEF, Amhara youth association, Oromia relief association, Action for Needy in Ethiopia, Catholic church, ERCS, NRC and the others were involved to offer food and non-food items for both old and new IDPs hosted in all sites. The assessment team practically on the ground assessed that the humanitarian response in Metekel for these IDPs has been extremely limited, due its geographical remoteness, volatile security and lack of partners permanently present in the zone. According to zonal authorities, food security prospects for 2021 in Metekel zone are a great concern, limiting the affected population's access to assistance. Vast farm lands have been abandoned and unharvested, so that thousands of IDPs mainly Amharas has been fleeing Metekel zone (BGRS) into Amhara region following violence of armed Gumuz groups. Initially, IDPs were settled in Gungua Woreda and Chagni towns, later scattered into 2 other areas such as Addis Alem and Menta wuha areas who came from Dibate, Bullen and Wonbera Woredas. During our visit to Dibate and Changi IDP sites, the government (NDRMC) has been transporting emergency food and nonfood items for identified beneficiaries hosted in Dibate, Bullen and Wonbera Woredas.

Emergency Shelter and NFI: These IDPs has been living in different camps, rent house, with relatives and verandah. Schools and woreda office compounds has been used for camp and shelter to host IDPs found in Dibate, Dangur, Bullen and Wombera woredas whereas tents has been installed for Chagni (Ranch), Dangur and Mandura IDPs. For, example, during our visit to chagni, Dangur and Dibate IDP camp the team has observed poor protection of IDPs from the weather, lack of privacy, increased security concerns and risk of SGBV, sharing the same house (overcrowding and exposure to COVID-19 pandemic), exposure to water and vector borne diseases are some of visible challenges. Settlement in the camps has being done without consideration of IDPs preferences (voluntariness) and their security concerns.

Moreover, during site selection for IDPs to be settled in various location, no community engagement activities has been made to accept their preferences and reduce risks of security threats. The communities displaced without having any NFI items such as Jerry can, bucket, kitchen sets, blankets, tents etc. and it is very critical as the team assessed and no support intervened here.

WASH: At normal time access to and availability of water in all visited woredas is critical and requires focus of attention. Most of IDPs have been using unprotected water source from river and spring for drinking, cooking, personal and domestic hygiene. They have no materials even for fetching water from water sources. For instance in mandura and Dangur woredas the safe water coverage reached 65% and 69% for rural areas where as 19% and 34% in urban areas. Dangur woreda have 161 water schemes of these 80 are nonfunctional. In addition, based on the reports of zonal and woreda level stakeholders a lots of water points has damaged by armed groups. As a result, for instance residents of Dibate IDPs are forced to buy one Jerry can water in 15-25 birr. Regarding to sanitation, IDPs have no access to sanitation facilities so that they are practicing open defecation around camps.

Health and Nutrition: Following the arise of conflict in the area, most of health experts found at kebele level withdraw from their working residence due to fear of armed groups and placed at woreda town health centers. The existing government structure found at local level has been collapsed by armed groups so that the communication b/n kebele and woreda administration still remain cut off. The regular monitoring, evaluation and support for local administration sectors stopped at Mandura and Dangur since September, 2020. To look Dangur woreda, there are 26 health posts and 3 health centers of these almost all are damaged except health woreda level health centers. Emergency drugs are found at store but due to security reasons it is unable to reach for the community and IDPs. During this time, the issue of COVID-19 pandemic diseases have no concern and neglected at all. In addition, there are a lots of health posts and health centers found in the kebele level damaged and burnt by armed groups. Concerning to nutrition, they have started screening process in accessible areas despite the security issues are volatile. For example, in Dibate woreda health office has been working to help free health care service for IDPs found there but in the areas no intention to help in terms of health care although health experts’ reported fear of spreading malaria, AWD and COVID 19 diseases based on the contextual observation.

Protection, RFL and PSS`: On the ground, IDPs in some areas has been living together in open space and verandahs. For instance in Dangur Woreda there is suspected cases to gender based violence (GBV) reported for police to be investigated. In addition, IDP women representative raises the issues of privacy to that pushes women dignity. In relation to RFL, The community and Woreda administration informed us there are few experts kidnapped by armed groups in Dangur woreda. The IDPs lost their life, beloved family, property and defected by psychological stress and currently seeking humanitarian assistance to save their life. No psychological treatment is given for IDPs so far due to uncoordinated and poor communication of sectors and IDPs in the camps.

Education: Schools across country were closed on 16 March 2020 to help contain COVID-19 pandemic diseases and reopened last month. Similarly, in metekel zone there was initiation to open schools based on the direction of ministry of education through applying COVID-19 prevention principles but unfortunately following violent conflict in the area a lots of schools and materials damaged by armed groups. For instance, in dangur woreda only there are 49 schools of these 17 schools were damaged and looted. Currently, some schools are used for hosting IDPs till camps prepared. As a result, almost all schools in the zone are closed except Pawi woreda even though the regional level ministry examination planned for the end of December.

In general, the woreda administrations has no clear information regarding the amount of damage experienced in each woreda due to the concern of security issues. Although the zonal administration sent formal letter to return IDPs found around chagni town but IDPs on both sides cite safety and security concerns in areas of origin as the main reason for not returning and preferring being relocated in current areas of displacement. Overall, fear of further violence exacerbated by rumors and unverified reports, and limited reconciliation initiatives continue to polarize the population. Based on the current situation of increasing displacement and getting worse, the zonal and woreda administration has organized technical and steering committees which aims to activate and facilitate humanitarian assistance in each woreda.

4. OBJECTIVES OF THE ASSESSMENT • Assess the impact of a particular conflict disaster within woreda and evaluate the extent of disaster to which effect on each household. • Identify woredas (populations) that will need relief assistance as a result of conflict- induced disasters and estimate the size of the population in need and duration of assistance required. • Assess and determine emergency and early recovery requirements and water requirements – including type, size and duration of interventions • Assess the level of responses, identify the existing response gaps and priority areas for future interventions in each sites. • Understand the impacts of the persisting conflict and violence over the most vulnerable people in the targeted areas • Identify the most vulnerable people (IDPs, non-combatants, under five children, pregnant and lactating mothers) affected by the recent violence and conflict in the four targeted assessment areas particularly in: Metekele Zone of Benishangul Gumuz region • Identify the priority emergency and early recovery needs of the most conflict affected people in the targeted areas (ES/NFI, WASH, RFL, emergency health (nutrition, PSS, ambulance and first aid), rehabilitation water schemes, shelter, food security and livelihood and response modality • Identify emergency responses given so far and operational organizations and their future plans in response to the emergency and early recovery needs • Recommend the potential and appropriate emergency and early recovery responses required to address the critical needs of conflict and violence affected people. 5. ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES Introductory discussion with government administrative authorities Physical Observation / visit IDPs settlements, damaged infrastructure and livelihood and psychological condition of the conflict affected people Focus group discussions with government officials and community representatives, IDPs, humanitarian organization working in the targeted areas. Conduct key informant Interview with key sectorial offices (Wash, health facilities, Essential shelter, PSS, nutrition, food security and livelihood, education, protection Seasonal calendar for potential early recover response such as livelihood or food security and rehabilitation of Wash infrastructure responses sought Review secondary information (OCHA and UNHCR situation updates, medias, IDP profiles prepared by local government authorities, UN organs current assessment reports)

6. Key Findings of the assessment & Discussion In April 25, 2019 inter-communal conflict erupted in metekel zone, which expands to Amhara region, resulted in a number of people died and displaced and flew to Amhara region and some were sheltered in collective sites in four woredas of Metekel zone (Mandura, Dangur, Dibate, Bullen and ). This conflict organized by armed groups has continued to attack civilian life, property, social services and enforced to displace their origin. Currently, IDPs are found varios site of Metekel zone and border areas of Amhara region. To observe each sectorial findings,

Food aid: Currently more than 31,237 peoples are requiring humanitarian assistance from government and non-governmental organization who are identified by local government. The number of IDPs has been dramatically escalating and the reports from woreda level revealed that the number of needy population outweighs the available resources. The IDPs were entirely engaged in agricultural activities through share cropping by taking inputs in the form of credit and it is very challenging to undertake harvesting due to fear of security and mistrust between the ethnic groups. Therefore, this condition enforces the food insecurity humanitarian crisis getting worse to seek emergency response for these groups. The assessment team has deeply evaluated the current emergency response process and found that it very limited and below humanitarian assistance standards. Based on the joint conflict needs assessment conducted at three Woredas of Metekel zone, food assistance was found to be one of the critical needs. Food aid was not fairly distributed for all IDPs and it lacks full package. The assessment team also found that challenges of transportation from warehouses to the communities at kebele level has brought a significant problem on humanitarian response operation. As a result, IDPs are facing significant challenges with food.

Table 1: Number of conflict affected people and needy population

No. Woreda name No. of No. of estimated Beneficiaries Total kebeles HHs People Male Female Total Male Female 1 Mandura 4 304 64 368 906 947 1,853 2 Dangur 2 136 29 165 363 280 643 3 Dibate 8 1503 194 1697 3929 3744 7673 4 Bullen 10 1,106 186 1292 4,714 3170 7,884 5 Wombera 7 1,201 205 1406 4,526 2,751 7,277 6 Guba 5 618 466 1084 2,833 3,074 5,907 Total 35 4868 1144 6012 17,271 13,966 31,237 Note: this figure excludes Amhara region chagni IDPs due to data discrepancy and registration problem NFI and Shelter: Following instant and sever conflict crisis in all woredas, the IDPs left their areas of origin without having any household assets rather to save their lives. The assessment team has observed and verified in all visited areas including camps that there is no NFI provided for IDPs despite minimum support from Assosa University and Amhara youth association. According to zonal administration report stressed that food is more or less provided by various actors but NFI is critical and faces a shortages. IDPs lack cooking kitchen sets and other NFIs to enable them prepare, eat and store the food rations.

Regarding to shelter, as we described on situation analysis IDPs are hosted on camps, schools, relatives, rent house and verandahs. The assessment team verified that the living conditions of the IDPs are deplorable and far below the minimum standard required for dignified living. Shelter is a critical priority need for IDPs. Most of the shelters are to be prepared are tents but the available camps are open spaces that IDPs sleeping outside or sharing with other families. Those sleeping outside are exposed to cold, rainy environments and the provision of emergency shelter and NFIs in this context is life-saving.

Health and Nutrition: The majority of IDPs do not have safe access to health services due to lack of full pledged information of IDPs and poor coordination of woreda helath office. The health posts and centers faced damages and destruction including looting of essential drugs, medical equipment, supplies, furniture, and other commodities. For example in mandura woreda 22 health posts are non-functional. The woreda health office even has no clear information about the impacts of damages and its staffs at kebele level left the area and deployed at woreda health centers. For example Mandura and Dangur woreda health offices reported that currently no access to health service including far from woreda town. As the team visited at various camps and schools, no encouraging activities undertaken so far to minimize the risks of communicable diseases for instance IDPs are living in crowded condition favorable for COVID-19 disease but nothing done prevention activities so far. Due to poor institutional set up system, no the emergency health preparedness plan set.

Table: 3 the number of health facilities damaged and destroyed in each woreda

No. Woreda name Number of health facilities Remark damaged/destroyed HP HC 1 Mandura 20 - 19 Damaged and 1 looted 2 Dangur 26 - Almost all of them are damaged 3 Dibate 13 - Damaged and destroyed 4 Bullen No data 5 Wombera No data 6 Guba No data Nutrition intervention in all IDP sites need attention Regarding to the nutrition issues, We visited and tried to find the number of malnutrition cases admitted so far but in all the assessed IDP sites do not have nutrition services for treatment of malnourished children or pregnant and lactating women. The only Partners which provided CSB supplementary food for children and PLW was UNICEF.

Screening and Admission : Overall, the assessment revealed that currently the majority of IDPs do not have access to essential reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health, immunization, and nutrition services as well as essential health services for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of HIV, tuberculosis, malaria, and other communicable and non-communicable diseases, and emergency health care services.

WASH: The sources of water for the IDPs is river which is unprotected and no treatment chemicals distributed. Most of the water sources are not functional as a result women and girls forced to travel long distance 3-5 kms out of their vicinities to collect water for drinking, cooking and other domestic purposes. The FGD participants have also complained long waiting time besides overcrowding complains about COVID-19 transmission. As understood from Key informant interview and secondary data, Mandura and Dangur Woreda Water Office is not in position to respond existing gaps related with shortage of fittings, spare parts, budget, and transportation constraints.

Table 5: The number of water schemes damaged in all woreda

No. Woreda name Number of water facilities damaged/destroyed

Deep Shallow well Borehole Spring HDW Remark well 1 Mandura No data 2 Dangur No data 3 Dibate No data 4 Bullen No data 5 Wombera No data 6 Guba No data

Regarding sanitation issues during the focus group discussion, women raised concerns over hygiene practices and safe water management due to lack of water containers, soap, washing basin and dignity kits. Hence, the overall hygiene practice of the IDP community is very poor. They are not exercising hand washing at critical times and for protection of COVID-19 spreading. Diarrheal, Scabies and Malaria are among the top disease community is suffering from.

Since most of the IDPs have been living in open space in congested ways, they have no access to safe and secure latrine which is insecure for women and children in terms of safety, dignity and privacy.

Education: Information gathered from key informants revealed that due to high number of IDP students and instability of security in the area it is challenging to commence education. Zonal Education department illustrates that all zonal schools are disrupted and closed except pawi Woreda. During key informant interview with woreda education office heads in the area of educational status they boldly raised educational problems related to Security threats, school damage, lack of educational materials, and displacement of teachers. The IDPs are demoralized, discouraged, tensioned, and due to bad memory from previous attacks and generally show less interest for anything. In addition to conflict, there is shortage of COVID- 19 preventive materials for students and teachers ex. in dibate woreda.

Table 6: Number of schools damaged

No. Woreda name Number of schools damaged/destroyed

1-4 1-8 9-10 9-12 Remark 1 Mandura No data 2 Dangur 17 5 1 1 Shortage of PPE 3 Dibate No data 4 Bullen No data 5 Wombera No data 6 Guba No data Protection: The Field observation indicates that IDPs are currently exposed to very vulnerable conditions, most of them seen as with high tension of protection threats, safety, and security risks. Physical safety and life-threatening gaps in access to basic services, in particular: water and sanitation, health and nutrition, education, food, shelter, and non-food items, are key protection concerns. Restrictions on freedom of movement due to security and safety concerns, psychological distress, and trauma from previous attacks, as well as cases of harassments and GBV were highlighted by IDPs as some of the major protection issues. The presence of armed groups from is also creating tension in the IDPS to get access to their land and residential homes and challenging their life.

Table 7: Survivors of SGBV & related cases in Metekel zone Protection Number Remark Rape No report so far Abducted 5 Market Condition: As a result of unexpected violent conflict and attack of armed groups on farmers in the zone the supply of cereals to the market would be instable and the price of major cereals crops such as sorghum and finger millet would be abnormal. Metekel zone was known for its potential of producing surplus production during meher season. But the supply of cereal crops in the zonal market has been deteriorating and anticipated getting worse in the future.

Table 8. Staple food price for current year (2020)

Major crops Unit Price (2020) Price (2019) Remark Sorghum quintal 1100 1100 The same Maize quintal 1000 1000 The same Finger millet quintal 1800 1700 Increased Teff quintal 3500 4000 Decreased

4W’S Matrix

S.N WHO WHERE WHAT & How Remarks many 1 NDRMC Dibate, Food and NFIs 2 UNICEF Mandura, CSB and NFIs 1000 cartoons of BP5, Dangur NFI 3 MSF-SPAIN Guba Medical drugs 4 ERCS Chagni NFIs 5 Regional Health Bureau Dibate NFIs Bucket, Jeri can, tents 6 IRC Dangur NFIs Wash 7 NRC Mandura NFIs Wash 8 AFRICA DEVT BANK Mandura NFIs Wash 9 ASSOSA UNIVERSITY Changni, Food aid and soaps Dibate 10 OROMIA RELIEF Dibate Food aid and dignity ASSOCIATION pads 11 Bahirdar Youth Association Chagni Food and NFIs 12 Metekeln entadeg Dibate Food and NFIs 13 Catholic church bahir dar Dibate Food aid and dignity branch pads Response plan Sectors Immediate and prioritized Remarks needs of affected populations Emergency Health WASH #1 No water and latrine in IDP sites Food Aid #3 Available but not sufficient below standard Nutrition #3 ES/NFI #2 Kitchen set, Jeri can, bucket, soaps, mattress Protection PSS RFL CTP Coordination

7. Challenges Security and instability problems to access IDPs for humanitarian assistance New leadership in all Woredas and including zonal officials (not more than 2 weeks in cabinet member) Lack of Coordination and integration among sectors and adjacent woredas Data incompleteness and quality problem Public transportation service problems COVID-19- samples are not collected due to lack of treatment centers in metekel zone Commitment to establish full pledged camps for IDPs Lack of documented and detail government sectorial plan for response 8. Conclusion and Recommendations 8.1. Conclusion ➢ Humanitarian assistance has been provided for IDPs in all sites even though untimely and inadequate response ➢ Shelters provide for IDPs are no protection from the weather, lack of privacy, increased security concerns and risk of SGBV, overcrowding and exposure to COVID-19 pandemic, exposure to water and vector borne diseases are significantly affecting IDPs ➢ Humanitarian response has been challenged by lack of budget, human resource, and limited partner’s presence in the area ➢ Unpredictable and volatile situation of the security has been hindering humanitarian response action in all woredas. ➢ Partners are highly encouraged to consult with local officials to deliver responses. ➢ Regional government has not recognized the affected population yet. This will hinder government food response that will worsen the dire situation of IDPs. ➢ Unnecessary bureaucratic procedures such as lack of transparency and time consuming procedures has been delaying response. ➢ Poor coordination and collaborations among woredas sectorial offices and other stakeholders has been affecting comprehensive humanitarian response process ➢ High turnover rate of staffs and management level largely has been affected swift process of humanitarian assistance process ➢ Limited attention has been given for both government and non-government organizations 8.2 Recommendation ➢ Sharing the findings to all concerned ones to be responsible for their parts. ➢ Proper targeting should be conducted through participatory process, to reduce exclusion and inclusion errors. Hence, partners are advised to conduct a thorough verification to lessen the errors. ➢ Lifesaving water trucking will be needed for coming weeks ➢ Proper coordination and collaboration among WASH, education and Health partners in the region under the leadership of the lines bureaus – REB, RWB and RHB. ➢ Construction sanitation facility or Mobile latrine like communal latrines and shower in order to reduce open defecation, other related disease within the communities ➢ Urgently startup of mobile health clinics and nutrition service delivery ➢ Active surveillance for early detection for infectious disease outbreaks and preparedness to respond to possible disease ➢ Urgent start up and strengthening of nutrition screening, and TFP (OTP and SC) sites ➢ Provide psychosocial support for IDPs found at sites ➢ Conduct hygiene promotion information dissemination for community on alternative water treatment and safe water chain management, hand washing, west disposal and vector controlling technique. ➢ Procure and distribution of hygiene kits (soap, bucket, washing basin, water container, women dignity kits) as immediate solution to support community hygiene status. ➢ For sanitation, immediate responses include construction of emergency latrines at crowded village ANNEXES ANNEX 1. Contact persons from key local government stakeholders S.N Name Organization Position Contact Remarks address I Metekel zone 1 Atinkut Shitu Zonal Admin Chief 0965620736 Administrator 2 Muluken Asfaw Zonal Agriculture Department 3 Enatenesh Maru Zonal Women and Children Head affair 4 Nigus Tegegnehu Zonal Agriculture Department DRM team 0917697918 leader 5 Birhanu Haile Zonal Water and energy department 6 Tagay Zonal Peace building department 7 Kefyalew Zonal Education department 8 Debalo Shikuro Zonal Health Department II. Mandura woreda 9 Yemisrach Woreda health office Vice head H/Mariam 10 Abselo Jani Woreda Education office Vice/head 11 Sintayehu Ferede Woreda Water and energy office 12 Kassahun Woreda health office 13 Adugna Woreda health office 14 Tilaye Woreda Education office 15 Melaku III. Dangur woreda 16 Birdika Embiale Woreda administration V/adminstration 17 Abebe Woreda education office head 0918206772 18 Melaku Polis Woreda Health office Head 0920761889 19 Berihun 20 Leji Atisa Woreda water and energy office 21 Dereje Lemesa Woreda peace building office Inspector 0917175175 IV. woreda 22 Shiferaw Workineh Guangua woreda Agriculture Early Warning 0920774256 office & Response Expert 23 Abiyot Chagni IDP camp IDPs reps. 0980262795 v. Dibate woreda 24 Mulualem Waweya Woreda Admin office Chief admin 25 Simeneh howidi Woreda Education office Head 0917182498 26 Alemayehu Bejano Woreda Health office Head 0922241190 27 Lemesa Tiso Woreda Agriculture office DRM team 0917182785 leader 28 Meseret Begawi Agriculture Head 29 Tafere Senbeto Agriculture Vice head

Annex 2. Benishangul Gumuz Regional State in Metekel Zone new IDPs as of December 15/2020 No Woreda Kebeles from which people HH head Family size (Individual) U-5 displaced Male Female Total Male Female Total Lactating Sanki, Ebech, Cancho, 1,201 205 1,406 4,526 2,751 7,277 753 195 1 Wenbera Kong/jemera Gesengesa, Muze, Tumi, Ayigali, Epar, Mojeb, 1,106 186 1,292 4,714 3170 7,884 493 86 2 Bullen Azem, Doshe, Koshigonji, Goja, Amanje, Ekonti and Tsigid 3 Jadia/yabulu, Babizenda, 618 466 1,084 2,833 3,074 5,907 783 133 Guba Fanguso and Yarenja megenteya 4 Dangure Bengez and Gublack 136 29 165 363 280 643 30 28 5 Dibate Albasa, Muzen, Gefere, 1503 194 194 1697 3929 3744 1,481 740 Yamp, Sirben, Kido and Wubgish 6 Mandura Duhazbaguna, Udite, Tuni 304 64 368 906 947 1,853 257 0 & Buhabagush TOTAL 4868 1144 6012 17,271 13,966 31,237 3,797 1,182

Annex 3. Distance from Addis Ababa to IDP sites

Districts/town # of selected IDPs Distance From A.A(KM) Remarks sites Gilgel beles 1 550 Direct Wembera 2 630 AA-Chagni-Wombera Dangur 1 570 Direct Dibate 2 557 AA-Chagni-Dibate 2 600 AA-Chagni-Bullen Guba 1 681 Direct Ranch-Chagni 1 500 Direct Addis Alem 1 520 Direct Menta Wuha 1 520 Direct Total 12

Annex 4: Resources required (Priority areas Wash and NFIs)

I.Wash resource requirement No. Unit No. of quantity Unit price No. of Budget Remark beneficiaries months (birr) (HHs) 1 Chlorine Gallon 6012 12 4500 3 54,000 2 Bashan Garry Sachet 12,000 5 3 180,000 1 Sachet/hh/month 3 Water agar bottle 12,000 5 3 180,00 1 bottle/hh/month 4 Rotto (10,000lit) No. 6 60,000 3 360,000 5 IDP sites 5 Water tracking cars 3 200,000 3 1,800,000 For all IDP sites 6 Hand soap No. 54,108 15 3 2,434,000 3 soap/hhs/month 7 Liquid soap Litter 18036 50 3 2,705,400 1Lsoap/hhs/month 8 Hand sanitizer Liter 18038 120 3 6,493,680 1L sanitizer/hhs/month 9 Laundry soap No. 36072 20 3 721,440 2 soap/hhs/month 10 Mobile latrines No 30 15,000 3 450,000 6 latrine/IDP site Total Wash 6012 15,198,520 USD USD 400,000 II.NFI and Shelter (For all IDPs) 1 Tent (10/20) No. 4200 6 100,000 600,000 5 IDP sites 2 Mattress No. 4200 8400 600 5,040,000 2/hh-partial 3 Sheet No. 4200 8400 400 3,360,000 2/hh-partial 4 Blanket No. 4200 8400 400 3,360,000 2/hh-partial 5 Jeri can No. 4200 8400 100 840,000 2/hh-partial 6 Kitchen set set 4200 4200 3000 12,600,000 1/hh 7 Washing basin No. 4200 8400 200 1,680,000 2/hh 8 Dignity pad No 5000 5000 35 3 1,750,000 Full pad/woman/month Total NFI 29,230,000 USD 769,210 III.Food aid Wheat quintal 31,237 14,057 4000 3 56,226,600 15kg/person/month CSB quintal 10,900 2044 4500 3 9,198,000 35% of total/6.25/person/m Edible Oil litter 31,237 42,170 100 3 4,217,000 450ml/person/month Salt quintal 31,237 36 2500 3 90,000 2kg/hh/month Pulse quintal 31,237 1406 7000 3 9,842,000 1.5/person/month Total Food aid 79,573,600 USD 2,094,042 Grand total 124,002,120 USD 3,263,213

Figure 2 Chagni ‘Ranch’ IDPs site

Figure 3 Discussion with key stakeholder at Dangur Woreda

IDP site in Gilgelbeles town for Mandura displaced people

Chagni IDP site and Tens installed for Mandura IDPs respectively