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NOAA Technical Memorandum NWSTM PR-51 2003 Central North Pacific Tropical Cyclones Andy Nash Tim Craig Robert Farrell Hans Rosen
NOAA Technical Memorandum NWSTM PR-51 2003 Central North Pacific Tropical Cyclones Andy Nash Tim Craig Robert Farrell Hans Rosendal Central Pacific Hurricane Center Honolulu, Hawaii February 2004 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements Overview Remnants of Tropical Storm Guillermo Tropical Depression 01-C Hurricane Jimena Acronyms ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Appreciation is extended to Sam Houston for assisting with developing the best track data and to Treena Loos, who created the best track figures. Finally, it must be acknowledged that the writeup of Hurricane Jimena owes much to the work by Richard Pasch of the TPC. Overview of the 2003 Central North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season Total tropical activity for the season was below normal, with two named systems occurring within the area of responsibility of the Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC). One tropical cyclone (01-C) developed within the central Pacific, with one system (Jimena) moving into the area from the eastern Pacific. A third tropical system, Guillermo, weakened to a remnant low just to the east of CPHC's area of responsibility, and although CPHC issued one advisory on the system it will not be considered in the final count of tropical activity for the central Pacific for the season. The season was generally quiet, but Hurricane Jimena still managed to take the spotlight. Jimena, at one point a category two hurricane, was the first direct threat to Hawaii in several years. Although it ended up passing about 100 nm south of the Big Island as a rapidly weakening tropical storm, it had the potential of coming closer as a hurricane. As a final note, this was the first year that CPHC tropical cyclone track and intensity forecasts went out 5 days, or 120 hours. -
Eastern North Pacific Hurricane Season of 1997
2440 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW VOLUME 127 Eastern North Paci®c Hurricane Season of 1997 MILES B. LAWRENCE Tropical Prediction Center, National Weather Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, Florida (Manuscript received 15 June 1998, in ®nal form 20 October 1998) ABSTRACT The hurricane season of the eastern North Paci®c basin is summarized and individual tropical cyclones are described. The number of tropical cyclones was near normal. Hurricane Pauline's rainfall ¯ooding killed more than 200 people in the Acapulco, Mexico, area. Linda became the strongest hurricane on record in this basin with 160-kt 1-min winds. 1. Introduction anomaly. Whitney and Hobgood (1997) show by strat- Tropical cyclone activity was near normal in the east- i®cation that there is little difference in the frequency of eastern Paci®c tropical cyclones during El NinÄo years ern North Paci®c basin (east of 1408W). Seventeen trop- ical cyclones reached at least tropical storm strength and during non-El NinÄo years. However, they did ®nd a relation between SSTs near tropical cyclones and the ($34 kt) (1 kt 5 1nmih21 5 1852/3600 or 0.514 444 maximum intensity attained by tropical cyclones. This ms21) and nine of these reached hurricane force ($64 kt). The long-term (1966±96) averages are 15.7 tropical suggests that the slightly above-normal SSTs near this storms and 8.7 hurricanes. Table 1 lists the names, dates, year's tracks contributed to the seven hurricanes reach- maximum 1-min surface wind speed, minimum central ing 100 kt or more. pressure, and deaths, if any, of the 1997 tropical storms In addition to the infrequent conventional surface, and hurricanes, and Figs. -
Climatology, Variability, and Return Periods of Tropical Cyclone Strikes in the Northeastern and Central Pacific Ab Sins Nicholas S
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Master's Theses Graduate School March 2019 Climatology, Variability, and Return Periods of Tropical Cyclone Strikes in the Northeastern and Central Pacific aB sins Nicholas S. Grondin Louisiana State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses Part of the Climate Commons, Meteorology Commons, and the Physical and Environmental Geography Commons Recommended Citation Grondin, Nicholas S., "Climatology, Variability, and Return Periods of Tropical Cyclone Strikes in the Northeastern and Central Pacific asinB s" (2019). LSU Master's Theses. 4864. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4864 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Master's Theses by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CLIMATOLOGY, VARIABILITY, AND RETURN PERIODS OF TROPICAL CYCLONE STRIKES IN THE NORTHEASTERN AND CENTRAL PACIFIC BASINS A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in The Department of Geography and Anthropology by Nicholas S. Grondin B.S. Meteorology, University of South Alabama, 2016 May 2019 Dedication This thesis is dedicated to my family, especially mom, Mim and Pop, for their love and encouragement every step of the way. This thesis is dedicated to my friends and fraternity brothers, especially Dillon, Sarah, Clay, and Courtney, for their friendship and support. This thesis is dedicated to all of my teachers and college professors, especially Mrs. -
An Observational and Modeling Analysis of the Landfall of Hurricane Marty (2003) in Baja California, Mexico
JULY 2005 F ARFÁN AND CORTEZ 2069 An Observational and Modeling Analysis of the Landfall of Hurricane Marty (2003) in Baja California, Mexico LUIS M. FARFÁN Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada B.C., Unidad La Paz, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico MIGUEL CORTEZ Servicio Meteorológico Nacional, Comisión Nacional del Agua, México, Distrito Federal, Mexico (Manuscript received 20 July 2004, in final form 26 January 2005) ABSTRACT This paper documents the life cycle of Tropical Cyclone Marty, which developed in late September 2003 over the eastern Pacific Ocean and made landfall on the Baja California peninsula. Observations and best-track data indicate that the center of circulation moved across the southern peninsula and proceeded northward in the Gulf of California. A network of surface meteorological stations in the vicinity of the storm track detected strong winds. Satellite and radar imagery are used to analyze the structure of convective patterns, and rain gauges recorded total precipitation. A comparison of Marty’s features at landfall, with respect to Juliette (2001), indicates similar wind intensity but differences in forward motion and accumu- lated precipitation. Official, real-time forecasts issued by the U.S. National Hurricane Center prior to landfall are compared with the best track. This resulted in a westward bias of positions with decreasing errors during subsequent forecast cycles. Numerical simulations from the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model were used to examine the evolution of the cyclonic circulation over the southern peninsula. The model was applied to a nested grid configuration with hori- zontal resolution as detailed as 3.3 km, with two (72- and 48-h) simulations. -
GPM Satellite Shows Double Eye-Wall in Hurricane Jimena 1 September 2015, by Rob Gutro
GPM satellite shows double eye-wall in Hurricane Jimena 1 September 2015, by Rob Gutro "Enhanced infrared images and an earlier microwave overpass from the Global Precipitation Measurement satellite continue to show the presence of a double eyewall structure with evidence of erosion of Jimena's inner eyewall in the southern portion. Since the overall presentation reveals decay of the eyewall, the initial intensity is lowered to 105 knots." On September 1 at 5 a.m. EDT (0900 UTC), the eye of Hurricane Jimena was located near latitude 16.4 North and longitude 139.1 West. That's about 1,075 miles (1,730 km) east of Hilo, Hawaii. Maximum sustained winds remained near 130 mph (215 kph) and Jimena is a category 4 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale. The National Hurricane Center expects slow weakening during the next two days. Jimena was moving toward the west near 13 mph (20 kph). A turn toward the west-northwest is This GPM satellite image of Hurricane Jimena shows the expected later on September 1. The estimated presence of a double eye-wall structure. Heaviest rainfall minimum central pressure is 948 millibars. in red and pink. Cloud imagery from NOAA's GOES- West satellite. Credit: NASA/JAXA/NRL/NOAA Jimena has moved into the Central Pacific basin, so the Central Pacific Hurricane Center will take over forecasting for this storm. The Global Precipitation Measurement or GPM core satellite showed a double eye-wall in Hurricane Jimena on September 1 as it moved through the Eastern Pacific and into the Central Pacific Ocean. -
R1r Tropical Cyclone Report Hurricane Ignacio 22-27 August 2003 Miles B
Tropical Cyclone Report Hurricane Ignacio 22-27 August 2003 Miles B. Lawrence National Hurricane Center 8 December 2003 Ignacio impacted the southern portion of the Baja California peninsula with torrential rains and hurricane-force winds. Two deaths were reported. a. Synoptic History Ignacio is believed to have originated from a tropical wave that moved from Africa to the tropical Atlantic Ocean on 6 August. The wave continued westward without distinction and moved across Central America to the Pacific Ocean on 16 August. Cloudiness associated with the wave gradually increased and became organized into a distinct area of disturbed weather by 20 August over Pacific waters just south of Manzanillo, Mexico. It took an additional two days for the disturbed weather to become well-enough organized to be classified as a tropical depression. At that time, it was centered about 100 n mi west of the Mexican mainland and also about 190 n mi southeast of the southern tip of Baja California. The “best track” chart of the tropical cyclone’s path starts on 22 August and is plotted on Fig. 1. Best track wind and pressure histories are shown in Figs. 2 and 3, respectively. The best track positions and intensities are listed in Table 1. A mid-level sub-tropical ridge lay to the north of Ignacio throughout its lifetime. However Ignacio was embedded in a weakness within the ridge and this resuted in a slow, mostly northwestward motion, with a forward speed of 5 kt or less. The depression quickly strengthened, to Tropical Storm Ignacio early on 23 August and to a hurricane early on 24 August. -
GPM Sees Hurricane Jimena's Eroding Eyewall 3 September 2015
GPM sees Hurricane Jimena's eroding eyewall 3 September 2015 Hurricane Jimena, a once powerful Category 4 storm with maximum sustained winds estimated at 140 mph by the National Hurricane Center, has continued to weaken well east of Hawaii. The Global Precipitation Measurement or GPM core satellite analyzed rainfall rates and saw the eyewall was eroding. The eyewall of a hurricane contains a storm's most damaging winds and intense rainfall. It consists of a vertical wall of powerful thunderstorms circling a hurricane's open eye. GPM is a joint mission between NASA and the Japanese space agency JAXA. GPM captured data on Jimena on Thursday, September 3, 2015 at 10:01 UTC (6:01 a.m. PDT). At the time Jimena, which began to recurve to the northwest yesterday, steering it away from the Hawaiian Islands, was located about 750 east of Hilo, Hawaii and was moving slowly towards the northwest at 3 mph with maximum sustained winds estimated at 110 mph by the central Pacific Hurricane Center. GPM shows that Jimena's eyewall continued to erode away on the southern side. Most of the rain bands south of the center have also greatly diminished. Jimena is forecast to continue to weaken and take a more north-northwest track over the next few days. NOAA's Central Pacific Hurricane Center noted that large swells from Jimena will produce hazardous surf along east facing shores of the main Hawaiian Islands. Surf produced by these swells will build and continue through the weekend of September 5 and 6. Provided by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center APA citation: GPM sees Hurricane Jimena's eroding eyewall (2015, September 3) retrieved 27 September 2021 from https://phys.org/news/2015-09-gpm-hurricane-jimena-eroding-eyewall.html This document is subject to copyright. -
TCO Algorithm
JPSS Calibration/Validation Plan Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) Calibration/Validation Plan for Imagery Product Version 2.0 Date: 15 December 2015 Prepared By: Don Hillger [NOAA/NESDIS/StAR] Thomas Kopp [The Aerospace Corp.] Page 1 of 20 JPSS Calibration/Validation Plan Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................................. 3 LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................ 3 LIST OF ACRONYMS ...................................................................................................... 4 1. OBJECTIVE ................................................................................................................. 5 1.1. Purpose of this Document .................................................................................... 5 1.2. Specific Objectives ............................................................................................... 5 1.3. Scope of Document .............................................................................................. 5 1.4. Related Documents .............................................................................................. 5 1.5. Revision History ................................................................................................... 5 2. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................... 6 2.1. Product Overview ................................................................................................ -
Downloaded 09/26/21 01:08 AM UTC
MAY 2005 ANNUAL SUMMARY 1403 Eastern North Pacific Hurricane Season of 2003 JOHN L. BEVEN II, LIXION A. AVILA,JAMES L. FRANKLIN,MILES B. LAWRENCE,RICHARD J. PASCH, AND STACY R. STEWART National Hurricane Center, Tropical Prediction Center, NOAA/NWS, Miami, Florida (Manuscript received 13 April 2004, in final form 5 October 2004) ABSTRACT The tropical cyclone activity for 2003 in the eastern North Pacific hurricane basin is summarized. Activity during 2003 was slightly below normal. Sixteen tropical storms developed, seven of which became hurri- canes. However, there were no major hurricanes in the basin for the first time since 1977. The first hurricane did not form until 24 August, the latest observed first hurricane at least since reliable satellite observations began in 1966. Five tropical cyclones made landfall on the Pacific coast of Mexico, resulting in 14 deaths. 1. Overview of the 2003 season North Pacific Ocean. Avila et al. (2000) describe the methodology the NHC uses to track tropical waves The National Hurricane Center (NHC) tracked 16 from Africa across the tropical Atlantic, the Caribbean tropical cyclones (TCs) in the eastern North Pacific ba- Sea, and Central America into the Pacific. Sixty-six sin during 2003, all of which became tropical storms and tropical waves were tracked from the west coast of Af- 7 of which became hurricanes. This is at or slightly rica across the tropical Atlantic and the Caribbean Sea below the climatological average of 16 tropical storms from May to November 2003. Most of these waves and 9 hurricanes. However, no “major hurricanes” [cat- reached the eastern North Pacific, where they played a egory 3 or higher on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale role in tropical cyclogenesis, as noted in the individual (SSHS) (Simpson 1974)] with maximum 1-min average cyclone summaries. -
State of the Climate in 2015
STATE OF THE CLIMATE IN 2015 Special Supplement to the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Vol. 97, No. 8, August 2016 STATE OF THE CLIMATE IN 2015 Editors Jessica Blunden Derek S. Arndt Chapter Editors Howard J. Diamond Jeremy T. Mathis Jacqueline A. Richter-Menge A. Johannes Dolman Ademe Mekonnen Ahira Sánchez-Lugo Robert J. H. Dunn A. Rost Parsons Carl J. Schreck III Dale F. Hurst James A. Renwick Sharon Stammerjohn Gregory C. Johnson Kate M. Willett Technical Editors Kristin Gilbert Tom Maycock Susan Osborne Mara Sprain AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY COVER CREDITS: FRONT: Reproduced by courtesy of Jillian Pelto Art/University of Maine Alumnus, Studio Art and Earth Science — Landscape of Change © 2015 by the artist. BACK: Reproduced by courtesy of Jillian Pelto Art/University of Maine Alumnus, Studio Art and Earth Science — Salmon Population Decline © 2015 by the artist. Landscape of Change uses data about sea level rise, glacier volume decline, increasing global temperatures, and the increas- ing use of fossil fuels. These data lines compose a landscape shaped by the changing climate, a world in which we are now living. (Data sources available at www.jillpelto.com/landscape-of-change; 2015.) Salmon Population Decline uses population data about the Coho species in the Puget Sound, Washington. Seeing the rivers and reservoirs in western Washington looking so barren was frightening; the snowpack in the mountains and on the glaciers supplies a lot of the water for this region, and the additional lack of precipitation has greatly depleted the state’s hydrosphere. Consequently, the water level in the rivers the salmon spawn in is very low, and not cold enough for them. -
The Global Climate System Review 2003
The Global Climate System Review 2003 SI m* mmmnrm World Meteorological Organization Weather • Climate • Water WMO-No. 984 socio-economic development - environmental protection - water resources management The Global Climate System Review 2003 Bfâ World Meteorological Organization Weather • Climate • Water WMO-No. 984 Front cover: Europe experienced a historic heat wave during the summer of 2003. Compared to the long-term climatological mean, temperatures in July 2003 were sizzling. The image shows the differences in daytime land surface temperatures of 2003 to the ones collected in 2000. 2001. 2002 and 2004 by the moderate imaging spectroradiomeier (MODISj on NASA's Terra satellite. (NASA image courtesy of Reto Stôckli and Robert Simmon, NASA Earth Observatory) Reference: Thus publication was adapted, with permission, from the "State of the Climate for 2003 "• published in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. Volume 85. Number 6. J'une 2004, S1-S72. WMO-No. 984 © 2005, World Meteorological Organization ISBN 92-63-10984-2 NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Contents Page Authors 5 Foreword Chapter 1: Executive Summary 1.1 Major climate anomalies and episodic events 1.2 Chapter 2: Global climate 9 1.3 Chapter 3: Trends in trace gases 9 1.4 Chapter 4: The tropics 10 1.5 Chapter 5: Polar climate 10 1.6 Chapter 6: Regional climate 11 Chapter 2: Global climate 12 2.1 Global surface temperatures ... -
2015 Science Digest
Front and back cover: VIIRS true color imagery for October 3, 2015, generated using NOAAView, shows weather events across the globe. Note dust transport from the Sahara into Atlantic (front), and Hurricane Joaquin in Caribbean, and cloud system feeding moisture into South Carolina resulting in record rainfall and flooding (back). Credit: NOAA Front Cover: JPSS-1 satellite rendering. Credit: Ball Maps from left to right Harmful Algal Blooms - Credit: NOAA Visualization Laboratory, Suomi NPP, VIIRS Smoke, Ash, and Dust - Credit: NOAA Visualization Laboratory, Suomi NPP, VIIRS The Earth in True Color - Credit: NOAA Visualization Laboratory, Suomi NPP, VIIRS Monitoring Ocean Health - Credit: NOAA's Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR), Suomi NPP, VIIRS The Earth at Night. Credit: Chris Elvidge, National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Suomi NPP, VIIRS Mapping Vegetation Health - Credit: NOAA Visualization Laboratory Joint Polar Satellite System Science Seminar Annual Digest 2015 From the Senior Program Scientist It is my pleasure to present to you the 2015 edition of the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) Science Seminar Annual Digest. This digest, like its predecessors, features a collection of articles generated from our monthly science seminars. It also charts the progress of JPSS Program Science through showcases of the operational capabilities of the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) satellite. Suomi NPP is the first next-generation polar-orbiting satellite in the JPSS constellation, and NOAA's primary polar-orbiting satellite. An important distinction between this year’s digest and the previous editions is the inclusion of web features. These are interesting news and highlights from our website that underscore the importance of JPSS for key applications.