Index

Note: page numbers in bold denote entries in the encyclopedia; those in italics denote illustrations.

Aachen, Council of 203 Jews and proselytes at Roman colonies in North 1–2 Aaron 93, 475 392–3 St. Augustine and Donatists 4–5 Aaronic priesthood 506 post-Pentecost sharing of good Tertullian 2–3 abba 414 news 190 Agapia Orthodox meeting 170 Abbasid dynasty 48, 276 Agathon 16 Abbott, W. 353 cosmic redemption 163 Agaw people 8 Abdel-Messih, Mar 305 creation of 256, 257 Agripinus 15 Abgar of Edessa 477 Eden 487 Ahtisaari Plan 461 Abibos of Nekresi 216 and Eve 26, 90, 136, 307 Akakios, 220 abortion 464 judgment 289 Akathistos 11–12, 443 60, 148, 237 original sin 195, 348 akriveia (exactness) 80 109 Paradise 355 Al Aksa mosque 283 abstention, regulations for 195 Adoptionists 274 Aksum 5–7 Acacian Schism 125 Adrian, Emperor 15 Aksumite 8 Acacius of Melitene 41 Adrian, Patriarch 406 Akyndinos 430 accommodationism 232, 398 Adrianople 64 Alaska 191, 496–7 Achillas, 15 Aedesius 6 (taper bearer. 22 Aimilianos, Elder 161 Byzantine influences 12 acrostics 295, 339, 443 Aesculapios 135 communist 13 Acts of 236 Aetius 32, 87, 249 diaspora 13 Acts of Paul and 518 Afanasiev, Nicholas 84, 105, 116, 371–2 Muslims 12, 460 Acts of and the Twelve aforismos (private post-Tito 461 Apostles 477 COPYRIGHTEDexcommunication. 192–3 MATERIALSerbian tensions 461 Acts of the Apostle Thomas 476, 477 Africa, in 1–11 Albania, Orthodox Acts of the Apostles Christian Nubia 10 of 12–13 138 of Carthage 3–4 Anastasios 170 common ownership 511 Ethiopia 5–9 Greek Phanariot 12, 112 141 Greek 234 13 Dionysius the Areopagite 422 Lactantius 3 SCOBA 502 Ethiopian eunuch story 6 languages 4 in USA 499

The Concise Encyclopedia of Orthodox , First Edition. Edited by John Anthony McGuckin. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Published 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Albigensians of France 63 Theophilus 18–19 anathema (public Aleksei, 404 , Synod of 17 excommunication) 130, Aleksei Mikhailovich, 406, 494 Alexei, Patriarch of 166, 192 Aleksii, Metropolitan 403 Moscow 366–7, 446 anathematization Aleksii II, Patriarch 280, 379, 410 Alexey Simanskii, Metropolitan of Barlaam 56 Aleut alphabet 496 Leningrad 410 62, 67 Alexander, Fr. see Men, Alexander Alexis Mikhailovich Romanov, Council of II 46, Alexander, of Georgia 221 Tsar 405 166 Alexander, Metropolitan of Alfeyev, 170, 472 46 Estonia 182 Alf-Mamun, Caliph 216 excommunication 76 Alexander (Kudryashov), Algirdas, Grand Prince 493 Anatolian musical tradition 328 Metropolitan 297 alienation from 148 anatolika 260 Alexander II, Coptic Patriarch 16 Alivizatos, Hamilcar 82 18, 121, 319, 321, 322 Alexander I, Tsar 205, 426 All Russian Church Council 409 Ancyra, Council of 92, 192 Alexander II, Tsar 72, 73, 182, 407, Allatius, Leo 353 Andrei Rublev Museum 412 408, 424 Almedingen, E. S. 25 Andrei Saguna, Metropolitan 387 Alexander III, Tsar 73, 407, 408, almsgiving 88, 511, 512 Andrew, Blessed, Fool for Christ 373 468–9 Alphabetical Collection 151 androcentrism, cultural 464 Cathedral 182 38 Andronicus, Coptic Patriarch 16 Alexander of Alexandria 16, 17, 38–9, Ambo 21 Andronicus II 303 133, 420 of Milan 287, 416 Andronikos Palaeologos, Emperor 55 Alexander the Great 14–15 Ambrosi, martyr of Georgia 221–2 Angelarius, of Sts. Cyril and Alexandra of Hesse 424 Ambrosian liturgy 154 Methodios 66–7 Alexandria, city of xvii Amda Şeyon 8 23–5 and 19, 132, 421 American Carpatho Russian in Church 104 Egyptian quarter 14 Orthodox 502 ranks of 24 Great Library 14 Amhara Ethiopian leaders 8 Anglican and Eastern Churches Jews in 14, 119 Ammonius 16, 18 Association 25 Monophysite 7 Amnesty International 462 Anglican Christian multiculturalism 14–15 Amnos 22, 372 Society 305 Orthodox Chalcedonian Amvrosii, Bishop of Bosnia 340 Anglican converts 25, Church 20–1 Amvrosii, 158 Anglican Syrian Church 305 and 125, 398 Anabasis (exaltation) 95, 135 , Orthodoxy Serapeum 36 anachoresis (withdrawal) 318 and 25–6 theological school 173 Anaginoskomena 342 Assyrian Church 48 Alexandria, Patriarchate of 15–21 anagnorisis (glorification, Australasia 49 Arian crisis 17 ) 86 calendar 77 Chalcedonians 16, 20 Anagnostes () 22 Cyril Lukaris 139–40 Coptic , listed 16 analogion 22 and 515 Coptic traditions 119 anamnesis, liturgical 103 Anglican–Orthodox Fellowship of St. Council of Ephesus 46 Ananias and Sapphira 511 Alban and St. Sergius 209 Council of Nicea 17 22–3, 28, 105, 156–7, Ankara 109 20 199–200 Anna Comnena 62, 353 Egyptian monasticism 18 anargyroi (Unmercenary ) 503 Annals of Quedlinburg 297 extending authority 123–4 Anastasimatarion 23 Annianus, Patriarch of Alexandria 16 increasing power 16, 111 anastasimon 260 , Church of leaders of the early church 15–16 Anastasis (Holy Sepulchre) 36, 154, (Melbourne) 49 patriarchs, listed 16 283 Annunciation, Feast of 11 Miaphysites 16, 20 Anastasius, Coptic Patriarch 16 Annunciation Cathedral, Kremlin 412 Nicene 19 Anastasius I, Emperor 443, 520 anointing of the sick 26–7, 93, , followers of 18 Anastos, M. V. 398, 399 238, 504

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anointing with oil 54, 93 Antony Bashir, Metropolitan 499 Aprilov, Vassil 71 Anthimos of Tyana, Metropolitan 419 Antony Bloom, Metropolitan 514 Aquila 518 Anthimus, Patriarch of apatheia (state of passionlessness) 479 Arab 275, 283 Constantinople 72 Aphrahat of Syria 27, 322, 478 Arab Islamic invasion Anthony, Catholicos 218 Apocalyptic texts 23 Armenia 41 Anthony (Khrapovitsky) of Kiev apocrypha 342 126 104–5, 409, 514 Apocryphon of John 31 Iberia 216 Anthony of Martkopi 216 Apodeipnon 30–1 Arab nationalism 21, 48 anti-Arianism 417 Apodosis 31 Arabian Peninsula 8 Antichrist 340 apokatastasis (restoration) 130, 181, writing 275 Antidoron 28, 157 287, 290, 355 Arabization of Egypt 126 anti-fascist purges 74 Apollinarians 81, 255, 333 Arabo-Persian melody 328 anti-Gnosticism 123 Apollinaris of Laodicea (father and Aramaean civilizations 476 anti-Judaic sentiments 287–8 son) Aramaean language 476 anti-Latin syllogisms 364 Hellenic/Christian teachings 173 Aramaic language 216, 476 Antim I 72 heresies of 324 Ararat, Mount 40 Antimension 28, 175 incarnation 272–3 archaeological remains, Nineveh 45 Antioch, Church of (USA) 499 Mia Physis 324–5 24 Antioch, Council of 429 St. 35 Antioch, Patriarchate of xvii 19, against 430 Archdiocesan Translation 28–30 Apollinarius, Melkite patriarch 16 Committee 52 and Alexandria 132, 421 apologists, early 135, 240, 393 Archihieratikon 190 and China 90 Apolysis 31, 157 Archil, King 219 and Constantinople 111 31, 260 architecture, Orthodox Cypriot Church 137 apophaticism 31–2 Church 35–8 delegates to Ephesus 132 199 basilicas 36–7 diaspora 30 Dionysius 423 Byzantine influences 37 Evangelican Christians 30, 190–1 Evagrios Pontike 285 church buildings 35, 38 in 29 of the Egyptians 122 exteriors/interiors 35 liturgical books 298–9 and 241, 362 Georgian Christian 219–20 post-Ephesus 46 Lossky 115, 252, 253, 301 and liturgy 37 Rome and 29–30 and doctrine 253 Raška School 456 in USA 30 Apophthegmata Patrum 123, 151, 175, Archives of and Church Antioch, Synods of 92, 398 241, 285, 337, 423, 425, 452 Law 82 Antiochan Orthodox Christian apophthegms, Cynics 210 Archondonis, Bartholomew 82 Church 502 32 Argenti, Eustratios 203 Antiochene Church, Cyril VI 159 Apostles 32, 86, 135 Arianism 38–40 Antiochian Archdiocese of North Apostolic Canon 179, 192 against 87 America 191 Apostolic Constitution 22, 27, 81, Council of Ephesus 137 Antiochian Australasian 50 141–2, 171, 507 Council of Nicea 165 Antioka Church in Mtskheta 219 apostolic sees, 392 Council of Toledo 202 antipendia (decorative cloth) 22 32–4 on Holy Trinity 250 anti-Semitism 287–8 didaskaloi 240 on Logos 17, 300, 333 see also anti-Judaic sentiments ecclesiology 25 pneumatology 248 anti-unionist party 437 St. 34, 224, 241, 393 St. Athanasius against 6, 415 Antoninus Pius, Emperor 15 teaching of Christ 105 St. Constantine against 419 Antonov, Ivanovich see St. transmission of teachings 488 separatists 96 Silouan of Athos see also struggle against 87 Antonova, Stamenka E. 64–6, 127–9, Apostolic Tradition (Hippolytus) 27, synodical principle 488 130, 131, 133–5 141, 345 theologians 32 Antony and Cleopatra 14 Apostolike Diakonia 233 Ariminum, Council of 167

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Aristenos, Alex 82 see also iconography, styles of Athenian Syntagma 82 Aristotle Artoklasia 43–4 , University of 174, 229 eide 162 Artophorion 44 Athinais Eudocia 519 and Georgian philosophy 219 Ascension Day 77 Athonite Academy 69 and 430 44–5 Athonite Hesychasts 55, 245 as influence 364 Bogomilism 62–3 Athonite 362, 363, 470 Nicomachean Ethics 89 and mothers 151–2 Athonite 218 substance/accident 186 ecological 163 Athos see Arius of Alexandria eremites 18 atonement 438, 472 and Alexander 39, 133 Evagrius 161 atonement theology 150, 170 controversy 122 fasting 195, 196 Attalos, martyr 384 Letter to Alexander 38 and martyrdom 87, 107 Augustin (Peterson), Letter to 38, 39 Messalian 62 Metropolitan 297 see also Arianism and monasticism 319 Augustinianism 426 9 Origenist 123 see also St. Arles, Council of 141 purification 163 Australasia, Orthodox Church Armenia renunciation 323 in 49–52 Arab Islamic invasion 41 St. 418 Anglican Church 49 Crusader forces 42 St. Catherine’s 466 early 51 diaspora 40 St. Dorotheos 423 Greek immigrants 49 geopolitics 40 St. Gregory of Nazianzus 428 Greek Orthodox Metropolitan 50 and Russians 40 stylites 475 Metropolitans 51 translations 40 Syria/Mesopotamia 323478 Orthodox Church 49 Armenia, Republic of 40 women 518 Roman 49 Armenian Apostolic Church 183, 348 503 Romanian Orthodox diaspora 50 160 Ashot Bagrationi 216 Russian Orthodox diaspora 50 Armenian Christianity 40–43 Ashtishat, Council of 40, 41 St. Andrew’s Press 52 autonomy 41 Asia Minor 29, 113, 230, 318, 320–21 Serbian Orthodox diaspora 50 and Cappadocia 40 askesis see asceticism Uniting Church 49 clerical divisions 43 Asomtavruli script 214 Australian Hellenic Youth Association 52 deaconesses 143 Asparuch, 64 Austria-Hungary 140, 458, 498 disparate catholicates 43 association/union 325, 335 automelon 272 frescoes 43 Assyrian Apostolic Church of the Autonomous Lithuanian Orthodox and Georgian Church 213 East 45–9 Church 298 Latinization 42 Anglican 45 Autonomous Orthodox Church of St. 40, 378 anti-Cyrilline communities 29 China 90–92 seminaries 43 Council of Ephesus 46 Avaro-Slav migration 385 Syrian Eastern Catholics 29 declining 277 Avilius, Patriarch of Alexandria 16 Armenian script 41 Dioscoros 47 Axis Powers, defeated 230 Arndt, Johann 451 internal division 48 Axum (Aksum) 5–8, 9 Arnobius 2, 359 Oriental Syrian Christians 479 Ayyubid rulers 126 Arsenii Matsisevich, Metropolitan of asterisk 49 Azbi-Dera inscription 6 Rostov 406 astrolabe xvii Arsenije (Crnojvević), Patriarch 457 Aswan dam project 10 Babai the Great: Book of the Union 48 Arsenije II, Patriarch 456 al-Aswani,̄ Ibn Salım̄ 10 Bagratids 42 Arsenios, desert father 241 Atanasije (Jevtic),́ bishop 461 Bagrationis family 217, 221 Arsenios, Fr. Christophoros 49 Atanassova, Antonia 483 Bakaliaros, Dorotheos 49 Arsenios of Sapara 216 Ataturk 109 Balaam 60 Arseniy Matsievich, Metropolitan 451 Athanasius II Keletes, 16 Balamand Statement 160 Arshak III, King 41 Athenagoras I, Patriarch 61, 76, 142, Balint, Simion 387 art 13, 219 353, 498, 499 Balkan Wars 12, 73, 230

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Balkans 297, 493 en energeia 179 Byzantine culture destroyed 461 see also Lithuania excommunicated 192 Christian revolt 458 Belavin, Vasili I. see St. Tikhon monogamy 179 monasticism 321 (Belavin) New Testament 370 nationalisms 277 Beliakova, Elena 83 ordination of 345 Ottoman rule 456–8 Belokrinitskaia Old Believer titular 179 see also Serbia, Patriarchal church 340 see also apostolic succession Orthodox Church of Belopopsky, A. 170 Bjerring, Fr. Nicholas 497 Balsamon, Theodore 82 Belorussian Autocephalous Orthodox Blachernae (Church of St. Mary of Baltic lands 296 Church 298 Blachernae) 485 53–5 Belorussian Orthodox Church 298 Blachernae, Synod of 303 adult/infant 55, 143 Belo-Russians 366 Blachernae Palace 56 anointing with oil 54 Benedict XII, Pope 67, 462 Black Mountain 217 by aspersion 54 Benedict XIV, Pope 159 Blane, A. 209 Bogomils 62–3 Benedict XVI, Pope 399 Blastares, Matthew 143 Bulgar state 65 Benedictine monastery, Mount Alphabetical Syntagma 82 catechumens 88 Athos 326 Syntagma 84 elements of 53–4 benediction 369 Blemmyes people 10, 151 and exorcism 193 Beneshevich, Vladimir 83 60–61, 178, 281 Gregory the Theologian 330 Benjamin 16 blindness, physical/spiritual 237 Oil of Gladness 27 Berber-speaking people 4 Bnay Qyama (sons of the preeminent 103, 330 Berdiaev, Nikolai A. 56–7 covenant) 322 rite of 53–4 and Bulgakov 63 Bobrinski, Vladimir 182 Baptism, , and Ministry on Khomiakov 293, 365 Bobrinskoy, B. 146 (WCC) 171 Logos theology 300 body Barberini 189 The Meaning of Creativity 57 as dwelling place of God 90 Bardos, Gordon N. 454–5, 461 Philosophy of Freedom 57 Bogolepov, Alexander 85 Barhebreus of Baghdad 479 Berdinkov, Elija 83 Bogoliubskii, Andrei 373 Barlaam of Calabria 55–6, 226, Berdnikov, I. 221 Bogomils 62–3, 67 245, 430 Berlin, Congress of 72–3, 458 Bohemia 140 Bartholomew I, Ecumenical 358 Bolkhovitinov, Eugene 451 Patriarch 51, 114, 164, 183, Beron, Peter 71 Bollandists 236 399, 502 bespopovtsy (priestless) 340 Bolnisi Siioni 219 Basias, Panagis 211 Bessarabia 316, 388 Bolshakoff, Serge 278 Basil I, Emperor 442 Beveridge, William 84–5 Bolshevik Revolution 204, 401, 409, Basil II, Byzantine Emperor 218, Bibikov, Dmitri 494 499, 514 447–8, 492 Bible 57–9 see also Russian Revolution basilicas, donation of 36–7 Modern Greek translation 233–4 Bondach, Albert 83 Basilides, Gnostic 15 148 Boniface, Pope 398 Basiliscus, Emperor 125 Slavonic language 404 Bonnet, M. 518 Basin, I. V. 365 see also New Testament; Old Book of see Euchologion Basle, Council of 403 Testament; specific Books Book of Steps 120, 478 Batu 492 Bible Society 426 Book of Thomas the Athlete 478 Bauer, W. 119 Bichurin, Hyacinth 91 Boretskii, Iov 315 beatific vision 226 bioethics 59–60, 390 Boris, Prince of Rus 358 Beatitudes 511 Birns, Nicholas 25–6 Boris I of 65, 66 Becker, Timothy J. 275–7, 521–4 bishops 505 Bosnia 458, 459, 460, 461 Bedouin tribes 467 catholic unity 105 Bouteneff, P. C. 170, 346–8, 354–5, Beglov, A. L. 401 celibacy 179 422 Behr-Sigel, Elisabeth 117 conservatism 33 Boxer Rebellion 91 Beijing 92 and deacons 141 revolt 66

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Bozveli, Neofit 71 anti-fascist purges 74 hymnody 259, 260 Breck, J. 59, 60 April Uprising 72 iconography of relics 379 Brest, Synod of 405 353 interpretation of Old Brest, Union of 139, 353 Communist regime 73–4 Testament 342–3 Brest-Litovsk 159, 298 cultural 70–71 and Islam 275, 276 Bria, I. 170 education 71 Jewish intellectuals 287 Brianchaninov, Dmitrii A. see St. emigration from 70 kontakia 11 Ignatius Brianchaninov iconography 265 liturgy 154–5, 438 bribery 229 Jewish people 73 monks in Finland 203–5 Britain Liberation, War of 73 musical tradition 327–8, 356 Cypriot immigrants 513–14 68 and papacy 353 Greek Cypriot Orthodox 139 revolutionary movement 72 rite 154 in India 305 Slavic vernacular 70 spirituality 161 Orthodox Christians 512 Slavonic Mission 66–7 war 510 rule in Cyprus 138 Bulgaria, Patriarchal Orthodox women’s role 517 Brotherhood of St. Photius 301 Church of 64–6 Brotherhood of the Holy Cross 283 , partial 72 abolished 349 Brown, R. E. 393 Bogomilism 67–8 after collapse xvii Bucharest Orthodox/Judaic canon law 83–4 Armenia 40 dialogue 288 under communist regime 73–4 and Asparuch 64 Bucharest Theological Academy 174 diaspora 49–50 Bulgar state 64 Buddhism 523 divided leadership 73 canons 80 Budge, E. A. W. 8 filioque 202–3 Christianity 264 Bukharev, Alexander 365 heresy 73 education 173 Bulatovich, A. K. 272 independence 71–3, 112–13 recreating 229 Bulgakov, Sergius (Sergei) National Church Council 72 theology 173 63–4, 208 national revival 69–70 Turks 205–7, 523 Divine Sophia 163 Ohrid 72 weakening 455 and Florensky 208 patriarchate reinstated 74 Byzantine pilgrimage churches 281 on Holy Spirit 248 post-communism74–5 Logos theology 301 schism 72 Cabasilas, Nicholas see St. Nicholas miracles 314 in USA 499 Cabasilas mysteries 153 Bulgarian Eastern Orthodox Caecilius, Bishop 4 Society of Sts. Alban and Church 502 Caelian Hill, Rome 36 Sergius 515 Bulgarian National Assembly 73 Caerularios, 76–7, Sophiology 117, 301, 365, 469–70 474 works in Serbia 457 , Julius 1, 14 The Bride of the Lamb 64 in USA 500 Caesar Augustus, Emperor 332 The Burning Bush 64 Bulgaris, Eugenius 69, 364 Caesarea xvii. 321 The Comforter 64 64 Caesarea Maritima 281 From Marxism to 63 Burning Bush 148, 465 Cain 509 ’s Ladder 64 Burton-Christie, D. 343 calendar 77–8, 499 The Lamb of God 64 Bussy-en-Othe monastery 515 calligraphy 386 Landmarks 64 Buzand, P’awstos 41 Callistus I, Pope 398, 438 On Divine Humanity 115, Byzantine Church Calvin, Jean 472, 510 252–3 and Albania 12 Calvinism 139–40, 386–7, 435 On Godmanhood 63 anti-Judaism 287 Cambridge 169 Philosophy of 63 architecture 37 Cameron, A. 397, 521 The Unfading Light 63 canon 81–3 Cameron, R. 122 Bulgar state 64–5, 442 dome/spire 161 Cana, wedding at 307, 483 Bulgaria 64–6 and Georgia 214 Canada, Orthodox diaspora 51

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candle-making 508 catholicity 293, 489 China, Autonomous Orthodox canon (liturgical) 78–9, 81, Catholicos office 40 Church of 29, 90–92, 336 260, 342 cave-dwellers, 44 Chitty, D. J. 14, 18 canon law 79–86 Celadion 16 choral music 327 bishops 179 Celestine I, Pope 132 chorepiscopos 92 interpretation 80 Celestine III, Pope 42 chreia (sayings) technique 210–11 ordination to priesthood 371 celibacy 55, 88, 93–4, 186 Slavonic translations 83 bishops 180 Christ 2, 95–100 tasks of 79–80 Church Fathers on 464 on angels 23 university department of 83 monasticism 319, 322 anointing the sick 93 in West 84–5 Syrian Church 477 Antiochene tradition 19 Canonical 80 virgins 507–8 apostellein 33 canonization 86–7, 220 widows 516 and apostles 34 Canopus monastery 124 cell schools, Bulgaria 70–71 as 24 , office of 22, 260 275 asceticism 44 Cappadocia 29, 40 Cerberus 235 in Bible 57 Cappadocia, Church of 43 Cerdon, presbyter 16 274 Cappadocian Fathers 87 Chadwick, H. 353 on deification 147–8 Holy Spirit 248–50 Chaillot, C. 170 as divine mediator 250 on Holy Trinity 251–2 Chalcedon, Formula of 47 Eschaton 356 incarnation 273 see also exorcism 193 Logos theology 300 Chalcedon, Synod of 47 fasting in wilderness 195, 196 Parousia 356–7 Chalcedonian Orthodox giving to the poor 89 women’s role 519 Christians 126 Hades 471 Zizioulas on 253 Chaldean Eastern Catholics 48 as Healer 26 see also St. Basil of Caesarea; St. 175 healing of sick 238, 239 Gregory of Nazianzus; St. Chalke Gate, Great Image of heretical doctrine about 375 Christ 134 as High Priest 370 Caravia, P. 389 Chalkoprateia Church 485 as holy name 284 caritas (brotherly love) 5 Chamaetos, Nicholas see St. Nicholas hypostasis 128, 269 Carpatho-Russians 498 Cabasilas incarnation 256, 257 Carthage 1, 5 Chang Kai Shek 91 Judaism and 287 Carthage, Council of 67, 86 chant traditions 260, 329, 339, 341, as 300 Carveley, Kenneth 150–51, 306, 427, 490 as Messiah 250 383–4, 425 charism 105, 241 as New Adam 255, 355 Casiday, Augustine 62–3, 352–4 charisma 516 ordination of apostles 345 Casimir IV, of 403 charity 88–9, 320, 396, 409 Orthodox Church 95–100 Cassia 79, 520 203, 399 personhood 484 Cassian, John see St. Charles I, of England 139 Pharisees 487 Cassiodorus 432 charnel house 468 prayers 368–70 see over-cassock; Charon, the ferryman 235 repentance of sinners 381 under-cassock chastity 89–90 responsibility for death of 287 Catacomb movement 410 Cheesefare, of 90 resurrection 235, 382 catechetical schools 15, 233 cheirothesia (blessing) 144, 345 sacrifice 170 catechumens 53–4, 88 cheirotonia (ordination) 144, 345 salvation 100 Cathars of France 63 Chenoboskion 121 as savior 225 Cathedral Rite of Byzantium 282–3 Chernomen, battle of 68 seamless tunic 475 Cathedral Typika 155 90 second coming 356, 357 Catherine II, Empress 220, 406 Cherubim 24 symbols for 267 310 chiliasm 181 as teacher 173 204 China 48, 91 Temple 38

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tempted by Devil 313 Christodoulos, Archbishop 232 492, 495 as Theophoros 334 Christology 95 see also theosis 115 ambiguities 170 Churchill, Winston 231 transfiguration 226 anti-Chalcedonian 216 churching of infants 464 two natures 148, 185, 333, 335, 346, Chalcedonian 16, 20 Cilicia, Great House of 43 421, 472, 484 crisis in 128 Cisarz, Branko 84 on wealth 511 divine will 131 city monasticism 321 wedding at Cana 307, 308 Ephesus 335 city-ascetics 120 will 437–8 Eutyches 124 Ciuceanu, R. 390 see also Logos; Son; Word image of God 267 Clapsis, E. 170 Christ and St. Menas 264 Nestorius 130, 166 Clark, E. A. 18 Christian children 276, 350 non-Chalcedonian 216 classical literature 173 Christian names 331 Orthodox Church 96–100 classical names 331 Christianity Paul of Samosata 375 Clement VIII, Pope 159 Africa 1 St. 19, 20, 130, Clergy–Laity Conferences 51 angels/mystics 23 165, 167, 420–2 climate change 163 anti-Judaic sentiments 287–8 Syria 333 302, 422 in Bulgar state 64 traditional 128 Coakley, J. F. 45 Central Asia 292 Christophoros, Albanian Codex Alexandrinus 139 charity 396 Archbishop 13 Codex Barberini 142 Cyprus 137 Christophoros, Metropolitan 50, 51 Codex of Voronet 386 early manuscripts 119 Christopoulos, Maxim 83 Codex Sinaiticus 467 Egypt 118–19 Chronicle of Arbel̄ 477 Coenobitic monasticism 18, 121, Ezana of Aksum 7 and Kairos 77 319–20, 327, 414 Greek peninsula 227 Chrysanthos, Archbishop of Collectio 87 Iberia 215, 219 Athens 231 Capitulorum 81 in India 304 Chrysostomos, Archbishop 232 Collectio Tripartita 81 in 113 Chryssavgis, John 49–52, 141–3, Collection of 81 Kiev 401 435–6, 452–3 Colonia Junonia 1 in Lebanon 307 Church, Orthodox Colossians, to 258 nature 160 ecclesiology 100–106 commemoration 103 Numidia 4 Christ 102 commemoration of dead 201, 236, realism 510 eschatological viewpoint 106 294, 376 in Roman Empire 16, 165, Eucharist 101, 103–4 common 171, 172 178 fellowship 104 communion Rome 392–3 and gospel 225 Christ 273 in Serbia 455 Holy Spirit 102 of clergy and people 157 theological fundamentals 255–6 local/universal 179 creation/divine 250–51 water symbolism 53 One, Holy, Catholic, and divine–human 115, 116, 251, 253, Christianization Apostolic 104–5 255 Bulgaria 353 102–3 frequency of 188 Lithuania 297–8 spiritual vision 100 see also Eucharist; theosis Christians as Temple 104 communion of saints 106–8 Arab-speaking 30 theandric 102 communism in China 91 trinitarian 101 in Albania 12 first 190 undivided 106 in Bulgaria 73–4 under Islamic powers 275–7 as Mother 102 in Ethiopia 9 lapsed 4, 17 church buildings 35, 38, 60, 219, 388 fall of 172, 513 persecution of 394, 419 church fathers 58 in Romania 389 Syrian-speaking 30 church law, teaching of 83 460 christocentrism 101–2 church schools, 407 in 495

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Comnenan dynasty 265 intellectual exiles xvii Coptic Christianity Compton, Henry 25 Islamic defeat of 109 in Alexandria 14 conception/human life 464 Leo the Isaurian 133–4 Egyptian exodus 126 conciliarity 80, 241 Michael VIII Palaeologos 302 under Islamic rule 126 concupiscence 348 Ottoman Turks 493–4 Miaphysite beliefs 127 Confessio Fidei 139, 262 Patriarchal Academy 174 Nag Hammadi finds 122 108–9 Persians besieging 437 reunification hopes 126 of the Christ 95, 104 renamed 277 320 elder 176 and Rome 128, 398 on womanhood 122 Georgian–Armenian 216 sack of 379 Coptic language 17 192 Turkish control 112 Coptic Orthodoxy 118–27 of sin 187, 381 see also Councils of and Alexandria 20 Confession of Dositheus 290 Constantinople I, II, III; architecture 37 Connor, C. 519 Cathedral clergy 119 Conomos, Dimitri 11, 22, 23, 31, Constantinople, Patriarchate deaconesses 144 78–9, 90, 158, 191, 195–6, of 109–14 diaspora 118, 126 205–7, 239, 258–60, 271–2, Albanian bishops 12 Egypt 118–27 292, 295, 326–7, 327–9, 339, and Alexandria 13–14 and Ethiopia 7 355–6, 374, 443, 454, 475, 490 autocephaly of Albanian 352 consensus fidelium 241 Orthodox 12 History of the Patriarchs 8 Constans, Emperor 17 Coptic Orthodoxy 118 monasticism 121, 124, 347 Constans II, Emperor 131 diaspora 513 national 124 Constantia, Archbishop of 138 ecclesiastical jurisdiction 114 unified 124 Constantine III, Emperor 131 , Orthodox Church of 227 Coptic patriarchal line 16 Constantine IV, Emperor 166 /Cypriots in diaspora 512 Coptic prayer scroll fragments 122–3 Constantine V, Emperor 83, 134, 268 monasticism 321 Corinthians, Epistles to 106 Constantine VI, Emperor 134 as New Rome 109, 110 Cornelius, Bishop 396 Constantine VI Porphyrogennetos, Ottoman Empire 68 Cornelius, Pope 193, 395 Emperor 268, 519 preeminence challenged 398–9 Corpus Antiochenum 81 Constantine IX Monomachos 76, 82, relic collections 378, 379 Corpus Canonum, Bulgarian 219, 364, 474 Synods of 81, 86, 139 translation 84 Constantine XI, Emperor 207 Constantius I, Emperor 7, 17 Corpus of Synagoge in 50 Titles 81 Constantine of Georgia 218 Constantius II, Emperor 86 Cosmas, Coptic Patriarch 16 , Emperor Constas, N. 485, 520 Cosmas I, Melkite Patriarch 16 Ancient Patriarchate of Rome 397 consubstantiation 187 Cosmas the Presbyter 62, 68 Christianity 133, 384 contemporary Orthodox cosmic disasters 223 church buildings 36, 264 theology 114–17 cosmic redemption 163 churches for Sts. Peter and Paul 86 Behr-Sigel 117 Cossacks 494 Constantinople 109 Bulgakov 116, 117 Costachi, Veniamin 84 Council of Nicea 165 Florovsky 115, 116 Council of Chalcedon (451) 16, Iberian mission 217 Lossky 115–16 127–9, 165–7 Parousia 357 Meyendorff 116 Armenian Church 41, 214 priests to Georgia 215 Nissiotis 116 canons 80, 81, 110 in Rome 396 Schmemann 116 Christ-mystery 106 Constantinople, city of 109 Skobtsova 117 Christology rejected 324 Blachernae Palace 56 Solovyov 115 churches abroad 497–8 Church of the Holy Apostles 398 Sophiology 115–16, 117 Constantine III 131 conquest of 68 Staniloaĕ 116 Constantinople 109 in decline 206 Yannaras 116 Coptic Christianity 118 early villa churches 36 Zizioulas 116 on Council of Constantinople fall of 42, 114, 252, 328–9, 349, 353 contraception 464 I 165

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Cyril 19, 97 Syrian Christians 479 crucifixion 135 Definition of 128, 129 see also Third Crusades 42, 86, 265, 276, 283, 353, Ethiopia 7, 8 Council of Ephesus II 20, 124, 399, 510 exarchs 191–2 128, 167 crypto-Christianism 350 Georgian Church 216 Council of Ephesus III 19, 167 Cuza, Alexandru Ioan 387 as Patriarchate 281–2 Council of Nicea I (325) 133, Cydones, Demetrius 438 Miaphysites 16, 29 165, 166 Cynics 210, 211 patristics 358 administrative boundaries 398 Cyprian of Carthage 3–4, 396 pentarchy 360 on Arius 17, 38, 46, 77–8 Cypriots in diaspora 512, 513–14 personhood of Christ 484 canon law 80 Cyprus rejected 346 chorepiscopos 92 British rule 138 Rome vs. Constantinople 111 Constantinople Patriarchate 111 Christianity 137 schism 46, 437 episcopal ordination 179 Islamic Arabs 138 two natures of Christ 124, 130 Eusebius 384 liberation movement 138 see also Fourth Ecumenical Council Georgian bishop 214 Turkish occupation 138 Council of Constantinople I (381) homoousion 34, 133 unrest 113 129–30, 165 134 Venetian rule 138 on Arianism 17 Logos theology 300 Cyprus, Autocephalous Orthodox canons 81, 129 Mary 484 Church of 137–9 Cyril 97 Sylvester’s legates 397 and Anglicanism 25 on Holy Spirit 249 see also First Ecumenical Council independence from Antioch 29 133 Council of Nicea II (787) 80, origins 137 Nicenism 17 133–5, 165, 167, 268 St. 137–8 St. Gregory of Nazianzus 429 see also Seventh Ecumenical support for Greek Revolution 138 Sophia synods 56 Council WCC 167 see also Second Ecumenical Council creation 256–7 Zeno 138 Council of Constantinople II bioethics 59 Cyprus Agreement Statement 26 (553) 130–31, 165, 167 cosmic 163 Cyril II, Patriarch 139 chiliasm 181 199 Cyril Lukaris, Patriarch of dissidence 325 as God’s gift 473 Constantinople 25, 139–40 Justinian and Theodora 131, of God 164 Confessio Fidei 262 519 Staniloaĕ 473 Cyril of Scythopolis 282, 337 Nicene defenders 29 230–231, 350 Cyril VI 20, 159 schism 46 Crete consultation meeting 169, Cyrillic alphabet 67, 69, 456, 491, 496 see also Fifth Ecumenical Council 172 Cyrilline theologians 16, 29, 325 Council of Constantinople III Crimea 453–4 Cyrus, Melkite Patriarch 16 (680–681) 131–2, 165, 167 Crimean War 407 Cyrus of Phasis 326 Maximos 326 Croatia 459, 460 Czech lands and Slovakia, see also Sixth Ecumenical Council Croatia, Independent State of 460 Orthodox Church of 140 Council of Constantinople IV cross 135–7 (869–870) 442 carried by pilgrim 281 Dabaca ruins 385 Council of Ephesus (431) 132, 165, foot cross beam 135 Dabra Damo monastery 7 166, 167 iconography 135 Dabra Libanos 8 Antioch Patriarchate 29 relics 378 Dacia 384 Christology debate 46, 128 serpentine form 135–6 Daco-Romanian 385 Cypriot Church 137 as sign of salvation 135 Daley, B. E. 356 Cyril 97, 124 venerated 136, 137 Damascus Orthodox meeting 170 Marian theology 484 as victory 472 Damaskinos, hierarch 231 Nestorius and Cyril 335, 421–2 Victory symbol 135–6 Damasus, Pope 154, 419 Nicene Creed 133 cross-dressing 519, 520 Damian, Theodor 267–71, 361–2, patristic thought 358 crowning, wedding rite 308 384–91

0002056221.INDD 535 11/8/2013 4:49:10 PM 536 index

Damien, Coptic Patriarch 16 Deisis 150–51, 485 Didache 34, 184, 240, 345 Damodos, Vincent 364 Delehaye, H. 236, 312 Didascalia Apostolorum 141, 144, 195, 369 Demacopoulos, George E. 360, 507, 516 Daniel, Beatitude Patriarch 388, 389 370–372 didaskaloi 173, 240 Daniel, Book of 382 Demetrios, Archbishop 502 dietary 195 Daniel (Nushiro), Metropolitan 280 Demetrios Chomatenos, Dimitrije, Patriarch 458 Daniel Ciobitea, Patriarch 391 Archbishop 381 Dimitrov, Georgy 74 Danilovsky Monastery 402 Demetrius, Bishop of Diocese of the Aleutians and North Danylo, of Galicia- 493 Alexandria 15, 123 America 498 Daphne, Monastery of 264 demiourgos 299 Diocletian, Emperor 35, 123, Daphni mosaic 351 Demophios, Arian bishop 429 215–16, 420 darkness, mystical 243 Demosthenes 29, 429 Diodore, martyr 310 , anointed king 93 Denis, priest 404 Diodore of Tarsus, Mar 46, 333, see also Dennis, G. T. 510 335, 433 David, Prince 218 Deposition of the Precious Robe of Diogenes of Sinope 210 David IV, King 216, 218 the 373 Dionisii, Hieromonk 49 David Kouropalates 218 Der Balyzeh: Euchologion of Dionisii, Metropolitan 404 David of Gareja 216 Serapion 178 Dionysios of Fourna: Painter’s de Fleury, R. 137 Derrida, Jacques 422 Manual 503 141–3 Descartes, René 364 Dionysios the Pseudo-Areopagite 275 and archdeacon 35 desert fathers and mothers 151–2 Dionysius II, Mar 305 bishop–laity link 105 ecology 163 Dionysius VI, Mar 305 distributing to the poor 89 Elder 175 Dionysius of Alexandria 16, 40, 123 female 142 holiness 107 , Bishop 394 New Testament 370 and Holy Fools 210 Dionysius the Areopagite 103, rhipidia 384 spirituality 161 158, 302 symbolizing angelic orders 24 Deubner, Ludwig 503 on angels 24 142 Deuterocanonical literature 283 mystery 330 deaconess 143–4, 516, 518 Devil mystical ascent 243–4 Dead Sea Scrolls 342 apokatastasis 130 The 199 death (and funeral) 145–6, 294 and deification 148 Dioscorus, Tall Brother 18 Hades 235 soteriology 471 Dioscorus I of Alexandria 16 and healing 236 devshirme practice 277 deposed 128, 325 judgment 289 dhimmi (Orthodox subjects) 126, Ephesus 128 382 275, 349 and Eutyches 47 physicalist view 146 dia tou uiou 203 expelled 20 repentance 522 diaconate 141–4 Mia Physis formula 47 spiritual 146 see also deacon rise of 124 see also commemoration of dead Diadochos of Photike ̄ see St. Dioscorus II of Alexandria 16, 20 debasement, voluntary 211 Diadochus of Photice diptychs, issue of 221 Decalogue 80 Diairesis (differences, divisive) 167 discipleship 107, 176 Decian persecutions 384 Diakonikon 142, 152, 169 diskos 175 Decius, Edict of 16 diakonimata 327 , Orthodox 153–7 Decius, Emperor 4, 396 diakresis (spiritual eschatology 180 deification 147–50 discernment) 175, 489 literary forms 154–5 and Eucharist 421 Dialogue of Love 353 power of 190 Macarius 436 Diamper, Synod of 305 rites/ceremonies 154 Old Testament 149–50 dianoia 488 St. Basil the Great 156, 189, 218, patristic tradition 447 Diaphora (differences, legitimate) 366 and salvation 104, 149–50 167 St. Gregory the Dialogist 23, 156 theosis 147 Diaspora church 512, 513 St. James 156, 178, 218, 281

0002056221.INDD 536 11/8/2013 4:49:10 PM index 537

St. 87, 155, 156, Dura Europos 35 ecumenical prayer 171–2 178, 189, 218 Dušan Nemanji·, Stefan 455 significance of 167–9 St. Peter 218 Dvin, Council of 41, 213, 216 WCC 168–70, 172 Divine Logos Dvornik, Francis 85, 397, 398 Eden 354 incarnation 375 Dyo-physite thought 324 Eden, Garden of 354, 486 Maximos 370 see also Christ Jesus, two natures Edessene Orthodox group 425 of 196 dythelite (two wills) position 326 Edinoverie (United Faith) 340–1 St. Cyril 420, 484 education 173–4 see also Logos theology Early Russian Art 412 Bulgaria 71 divine names, power of 122–3 145 catechetical schools 15, 233 Divine Wisdom 469 Easter Homily 259 cell schools 71 see also Sophiology Eastern Catholic for clergy 406 divorce 309 Churches 159–60 Greco-Roman traditions 173 Dmitriev, M. N. 315 Eastern European refugees 500 missions 279 Dmitrii Ioannovich 446 Eastern Orthodox Church xviii 167 Protestant missionaries 229 Dobrogea province 384 Alexandria Patriarchate 20 Romania 386 Dobrotolyubie 362, 363 Bible 58 see also theological schools Docetists 96 bioethics 59–60 Efremovskaia Kormchaia 83 Doctrine of Addai 477 Chalcedonians 45 Egrisi/Colkheti 214 Dogmatik 483 healing rituals 122–3 Egypt Dome of the Rock 282 immigrants to USA 497 Alexandrine and Coptic 1, 14 Dominical Festivals 200, 201, 202 monastic leadership xix Chalcedonian Orthodox Dominions 24 oppression xvi Christians 126, 128 Donata, Holy Martyr 1 theology/philosophy 363 Christians 20 Donatists war 509 Coptic Orthodox Church 118–29 Circumcellions 511 women’s role 517–21 Eastern Desert 161 counter-imperial 4 Eastern-Rite Christian churches 159, Egyptian Revolution 126 excluded from communion 381 353 Greek Orthodox in 118, 120,122 martyrdom 4 Ebionites 477, 511 Holy Family 119 North Africa 397, 420 ecclesiastic law 80 Islamic domination 7, 118–19, St. Augustine 416, 489 Ecclesiastical Charter 228, 230 126 Dormition 157–8, 200, 329, 356, ecclesiology Jews in 122 483, 486 apostolic succession 25 monasticism 120, 318, 320 Dorotheus, Coptic Patriarch 16 ecumenism 170 320 Dostoevsky, Fyodor Orthodox 100–106, 171 relics 378 Mikhailovich 158, 345, 452 Sophrony 470–471 and Syria 120 The Brothers Karamazov 158, 363 Eckhart, Meister 301, 422 see also Alexandria, city of Dotti, G. 169 Ecloga 83 Egyptian Paterikon 337 double procession, doctrine of 202 ecology 160–165 Eight Tones, cycle of 78 double standards Byzantine theology 161 eiletarion 175 male/female deacons 143 cosmic redemption 163–4 Eileton 175 sexual morality 463 creation/nature 162–3 eisodikon 260 doxa 149, 240 essence/energies 161–2 Ekklesia 38 158, 177, 260 ecumenical councils 165–7 ekklesia, fast of 195 doxology 96, 175, 259 see also Councils of Chalcedon, Ekphonesis 175 dream therapy 503–504 Constantinople (I, II, III), Ekthesis 129, 361 Drozdov, Vasilii M. see St. Filaret Ephesus, Nicea (I, II) Elder (Starets) 175–6, 246, 319–20 (Philaret) Drozdov ecumenism, Orthodoxy Eleousa (Umilenie) 176–7 dualism 62, 67 and 167–73 Eleutherius (Bogoiavlenskii), Dublin Agreed Statement 26 ecclesiology 170 Bishop 298 Dura, Nicholas 84 ecumenical 179 Elevation of the Mysteries 157

0002056221.INDD 537 11/8/2013 4:49:10 PM 538 index

Elevation of the True Cross, Feast episkopos (overseer) 178 deaconesses 143 of 518 Epistle of Barnabus 122 delegates to Council of 95, 149, 237, 382 Epistle of Clement, Second 102 207 Elisha 237, 378, 382 Epistle of St. Tarasios 81 early church 5–9 Elizabeth, mother of John the Epistle to Diognetus 393 ethnic diversity 5 Baptist 483 Epitimia (collections of penitential eunuch story in Acts 6 Elpidius, Coptic Patriarch 16 remedies) 81, 381 feudalism 9 Emmanuel 225 Epitome Synopsis 81 Gondar period 9 enanthropesis (en-hominization) 273 180, 346 and India 304 see also incarnation of the Logos Epsen, Edward 326 indigenous 6 Enatus monastery 124 Epstein, A. 313 Islamic vassal states 9 encolpion 346 eremitic monks 121, 319, 321, Italian invasion 9 Endemousa Synod 82, 142 413, 414 Jerusalem links 6 energies Erickson, John 85 missions to 48 of Christ Jesus 96 Eritrea 5, 9 Orthodox Church 2, 6, 10 divine 161–2, 196–7 Eriugena, John Scotus 422 South Arabian immigrants 5 goodness of God 150 eschatology 180–1 steppe region 1 grace 226 bioethics 59 Syrian Church 28 see also essence–energies distinction Church 105 ethnarchs 138, 349 Engelhardt, H. T. 59, 60 Eucharist 103 ethnic identity 500 English language mysteries 153 euangelion (gospel) 224–6 Orthodox Churches in USA 500 Orthodox Christology 99 Eucharist 185–9 Orthodox liturgy 514 Parousia 356–7 Amnos 22 507 peace 509 celebration of 187 en-hominization theology 273 sinlessness 433 Cyril Lukaris 139 Enlightenment ideas 364 transformation 472 deaconesses 143 Enoch 148, 382 essence–energies distinction denied during menses 464 Enquiry 52 God 162, 197, 362 eschatology 103 Enravotas, martyred 65 Lossky 116, 253 holiness 105 environmental movement 162 St. Gregory Palamas 116, 117, 302 incarnation 189 Eothina 177 Estonia, Orthodox Church in 181–3 liturgies 153–4, 157 eparchies, ecclesiastical 111 Hanseatic League 181 mysteries 186, 187 Epharem, Syrian father 322 independence 182 Orthodox Churches 100, 103, 171 Ephesians, Epistle to 106 Liberation, War of 182 preeminent sacrament 330 Ephesus 270, 335 and Russian Orthodox priesthood 370 see also Council of Ephesus Church 183, 409 purpose of 188–9 Ephraim, 336 182 receiving of 188 Ephrem, Bishop 384 Swedish period 182 repentance 181 Ephrem, poet 29 Estonia, Republic of 182 Rome 495 Hymns on Paradise 354 Estonian Apostolic Orthodox Zizioulas 116 Ephrem the Younger 217 Church 182–3 see also Holy Spirit 23, 105, 154, 156, 177–8, Estonian Orthodox Church 182 eucharista (thanksgiving) 153, 155 249 Etcheverría, R. T. 356 Euchologion 142, 144, 189–90, Epifanius the Wise 446 Etchmiadzin consultation 169 254, 299 506 Etchmiadzin see 40, 42, 43 Euchologion of Serapion 178 epiphanies of God 196, 420 ethics 184–5, 198 Eudoxia, Empress 336, 434 Epiphanios: Panarion 434 Ethiopia Eugene IV, Pope 403 episcopacy 178–80 37 Eugnostos the Blessed 122 see also bishops; priesthood colonial expansion 9 Eulogius, Melkite Patriarch 16 Episcopal Assembly in North and communist regime 9 Eumenes, Patriarch 15 Central America 502 Coptic Orthodox 8 Eunomians 367

0002056221.INDD 538 11/8/2013 4:49:10 PM index 539

Eunomius 31, 87, 249 Exaltation of the Cross, Feast Feteha Negast 9 Euodia (perfume from relics) 329 of 137, 281 feudalism 9 , 310 Exaposteilarion 177, 191, 260 Feuerbach, L. A. 160 Europe, Eastern 512 exarch 191–2 Fiey, J. M. 48 Europe, Western, Orthodoxy Exchange of Properties doctrine 128 Filaret (father of Michael Romanov, in 512–16 excommunication 76, 192–3, 353 Tsar) 405–6 513–14 Exhortation to Monks 241 Filaret (Gumilevskii), Bishop of Russian Orthodox 514–16 exhumation of relics 379 Riga 296 USA 512 Exodus, Book of 274 Filaret of Kiev 495 European Court of Human exorcism 27, 54, 193–4 filioque 202–3 Rights 316 Expositio fidei 262 Barlaam 55 Eusebius, Melkite Patriarch 15 exsufflation (blowing on face) 193 Council of Constantinople I 129 Eusebius of Caesarea Ezana of Aksum 6, 7 discussions on 25 Church History 123, 223, 477 , Bishop 50 Eastern Catholic Churches 159 De vita Constantini 133, 165 Ezekiel, Book of 239, 382 Florence, Council of 206 on early Alexandrian Ezra 369 Latin Church 437 Patriarchate 15 Lossky on 302 Ecclesiastical History 15, 394 faith Lyons Council 302–3 Paradise story 425 miracles 313 Michael Caerularios 76 Parousia 357 Faith and Order, WCC 129 Nicene–Constantinopolitan Scythian bishops 384 Faith and Order Commission 168, Creed 352 Tall Brother 18 169, 171 opposed 116 Eusebius of Nicomedia 17, 420 family planning 464 Rome 399 Eustathius of Sebaste 320, 418, 419, Faras site 10 St. Augustine 252 429, 511 Fascists in Serbia 459 St. Photios the Great 442 Eustratios of Constantinople 439 fasting 195–6 Staniloaĕ 473 Euthymios the Athonite 218 asceticism 44 Theophylact 482 Euthymios the Hagiorite 218 collective 196 WCC 169 Euthymius, Tall Brother 18 Great Week 227 Filippos, martyr 384 Eutyches, Patriarch 427 health 238 Filotei, Bishop 387 Eutyches of Constantinople before receiving Eucharist 188 Finland 114, 203–5 condemned 124, 128 Fatherhood of God 196–200, Finland, Autonomous Orthodox Monophysitism 19, 47, 128, 333, 254 Church of 182, 203–5 347 Fatimid rulers 126 fire as punishment 289, 290, 357 and Severus 41 Feast of the Ark of the Covenant 3 First Ecumenical Council 141 Evagrios see Pontike, Evagrios feasts 200–202, 295 see also Council of Nicea I (325) Evangeliaka (Gospel Riots) 234 February Revolution, Russia 424 First Conference of Faith and evangelism 190–1 Federated Orthodox Greek Catholic Order 168, 169 Antioch, Patriarchate of 30 Primary Jurisdictions 500 Fitzgerald, K. K. 144 Antiochian Archdiocese of North Fedotov, G. P. 451 Fitzgerald, Thomas 496–503 America 191 Fedwick, P. J. 146 flabella (fans) 384 Kiev 297 Felix, Pope 125 Flavian of Constantinople media technologies 191 fellahin settlements 413 death of 47, 127 patristic theology 524 Fellowship of St. Alban and St. and Eutyches 19, 124 St. Irenaeus of Lyons 487 Sergius 25 Floca, Ioan 84 Eve 26, 90, 136, 307 Feodor I, Tsar 405 Florence, Council of 205–7 285 Feofil of Kiev 211 Armenian Church 42 evlogitaria 191 Festal 201 Georgian Church 220 Evlogy, Metropolitan 409, 514–15 Festal 490 punishment by fire 290 Evtic, Athanasios 84 festivals 200 for reconciliation 166, 353 Evtimi, Patriarch 68 Festugière, A.-J. 503 for reunion 203, 403

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Florence, Council of (cont’d) Freeze, G. L. 407 George of Constantinople 166 Russian Church 113 French, Todd E. 177–8, 254–5, 491–5 George the Canonist 213 St. Mark of Ephesus 437 Frend, W. H. C. 4 George the Hagiorite 217, 218 St. Nicholas Cabasilas 438 frescoes George the Recluse 217 Florence, Union of 207 anargyroi 503 Georgia Florensky, Pavel Armenian Church 43 alphabet 213–14 Alexandrovich 207–9, 208 Novgorod 481 art 219–20 Adam and Eve 163 St. Antony, Monastery of 118, 248 Constitution of 221 Imiaslavie doctrine 272 Serbian 456 language 213–14 Logos theology 301 Frumentius 6, 7 missions to 442 miracles 314 fugitive priests 340 Persians and 216 Sophia 470 funeral see death (and funeral) population 222 works Soviet Union 213, 221 From the Watersheds of Gabra Masqal 8 Georgia, Patriarchal Orthodox Thinking 208 , Archangel 25, 483 Church of 167, 213–22 The Pillar and Ground of Gabriel, martyr of Georgia 221 and Armenia 40, 216 Truth 207–8 Gagoshidze, I. 215 autocephaly of 220–221 florilegia 359, 489 Gaianus, Coptic Patriarch 16 canon law 83–4 Florovsky, Georges V. 209–10 Gaiseric, king of Vandals 5 church buildings 220 on death 145, 146 Galerius Maximus, Emperor 4, 420 contemporary state 221–2 ecumenical movement 168, 169, Gallagher, J. 353 Council of Chalcedon 215 172 Gallican liturgy 154 219 Holy Trinity 253 Gallus, Emperor 396 independence 112 influence of 116 Gangra, Council of 320 liturgical traditions 218 Sophiology 115 Garitte, G. 42 martyrs 221 spiritual vision of Church 100 Gavrilkin, Konstantin 56–7, 293–4, monasticism 216 Ways of Russian Theology 209 310–311, 315–16, 338, 365–6, philosophy 219 Flowery Triodion 360 368, 401–413, 424–6, 431, Georgian Athonites 218–19 Foltz, Bruce 160–165, 207–9 444–51, 468–9 Germanos, Ecumenical Fools, Holy 210–212, 323, 479 Gavrilo (Dožic),́ Patriarch 459 Patriarch 167, 268 Forest, J. 170 Gavrilyuk, Paul 63–4, 301–2 Germanos III, Patriarch 303 Forgiveness, Sunday of 90 Gedeon, Manuel 82 Germanus of Constantinople Formula of Reunion 47, 124, 325, 421 Ge’ez language 5, 7, 8 on Byzantine liturgy 438 Formula of Union 132 Gelasius of Caesarea 215 as iconodule 134, 268, 269 Forty Martyrs of Sebaste 190 Gemeinhardt, P. 203 Germany 365, 512 Fourth Clergy–Laity Conference, gender roles 463 Giangou, Theodore 83 Sydney 51 General Menaion 201 Giannoulatos, Anastasios 170 Fourth Ecumenical Council 13 Genesis, Book of 26, 225, 256, 348, Gibran, Bishop 50 see also Council of Chalcedon (451) 354 Gkortsilas, Paschalis 209–10 Fourth Preconciliar -Orthodox Genghis Khan 492 Glagolitic alphabet 190, 453, 456, 491 Conference 502 Gennadii, Archbishop of Gleb, Prince of Rus 358 Fraction of the Lamb 157 Novgorod 404 glorification 86, 107 France genocide 460 glory 147, 149 Orthodox Christians 512 Gentile Christians 286, 287, 392 Glykophilousa 222 Russian Orthodox diaspora 515 George, higumen 218 gnoseology 382 Frank, Semen L. 63 George, Melkite Patriarch 16 Gnostic Docetics 273 frankincense 274 George, priest 387 Gnostic Scriptures see Nag Hammadi Franks 352 George I, of Great Britain and writings free will 139, 226, 433 Ireland 229 Gnosticism 222–4 freedom of religious George Akropolites 303 angels 23 consciousness 232 George of Cappadocia 7 apophaticism 31

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apparitional Christ 274 Govorov, Georgil V. see St. Theophan national identity 234 Basilides 15 (Govorov) the Recluse Ottoman Empire 138 Chrismation 93 Gozzoli, Benozzo 206 secularization 234 and Egyptian Christianity 93 Grabbe, Gregory 85 State Constitution 228, 231 God of Jews/Christians 341 Gracanicǎ Monastery 456 theologians 116 hymns 260 grace 226 War of Independence 336 mystical insights 224 created/uncreated 226 western missionaries 229 separatists 96 deification 147 230 God free will 433 World War II 231 Abraham and 148 lifestyle 198 Greece, Orthodox Church alienation from 148 neo-scholasticism 116 of 227–34 chosen people of 287 restoration of health 238 antidoron 28 essence–energies distinction 362 grape harvest, transfiguration 200 autocephaly 227–9 Fatherhood of 196–200 Gratian, Emperor 18 bribery 229 image of 257 Grdzelidze, Tamara 100–106, 167–73, brotherhoods 232–4 immanence 116, 160, 162, 163, 213–22 Constantinople Patriarchate 228 197 Great Commemoration 157 deaconesses 144 Jews/Christians 341 Great Doxology 177 diaspora 49–50, 56, 114 knowability 302 Great of the gifts 157 Ecclesiastical Charter 228, 230 kosmos 163 Great Fast 196 education for clergy 229–31 love of 198 Great Feasts, Twelve 332 in Egypt 118 Monarchians 248 Great Idea 229 at Florence 206 nature of 198 Great Image of Christ, Chalke independence 113 salvific deeds 163 Gate 134 Logos 273 self-revelation 252 Great monastery 321 metropolitans 234 transcendence 116, 197 269 monastic communities 228, 232–4 and Trinity 196 Great Library of Alexandria 14 National Schism 230 Godhead see Holy Trinity Great Martyrs 107 new Ecclesiastical Charter 232 godhood 147 Great Meteoron house 312 1974 to present 231–2 Godmanhood 63, 468 Great Migration, Serbia 457 nineteenth century 229–30 Godunov, Boris 405 Great Northern War 182 Paradise 355 Goehring, J. E. 119, 120 Great Pan Orthodox Council 513 Patriarchal and Synodical Act 230 Gogol, Nikolai 345 Great Persecution 420 politics and the Church 228 Golgotha 136 Great Schism 76, 110, 111, 129 relics 379 Golitzin, A. 422 Great Week 227 theological schools 231 Golubinskii, E. E. 401 Greco-Roman world 210, 517 twentieth century, early 230 Gondar period, Ethiopia 9 Greco-Turkish War 109, 113 in USA 497–8, 502 good 62 Greece WCC 168 Good Samaritan parable 238 Catholics 498 138 Gorainov, I. 211 Christianity 114, 161, 227, 251, Greek immigrants, Australasia 49 Gorbachev, Mikhail 410 252, 350 Greek language 16, 29, 190, 234 gospel 224–6 church/state Greek 30 gospel 224 accommodationism 231 Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Gospel of the Ebionites 478 Civil War 231 North and South Gospel of the Egyptians 122 diaspora 512 America 498, 502 Gospel of the Hebrews 122 dictatorship 231 Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Gospel of the Nazoreans 478 grape harvest 200 Thyateira and Great Gospel of Thomas 119, 121, 477 independence 215, 349 Britain 513 Gothic architecure 38, 161 irredentism 229 Greek Orthodox College 350 Goths 491 laity 232–4 Greek-speaking churches 82, 154 Gouvea, Antonio de 304 Muslims relocated to Turkey 230 77, 230

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Gregorian chant 427 Hakim, Caliph 283 and Islam 276 Gregorios Abdullah, Mar 305 Halki theological school 113, 174, Nestorius 334 Gregorios of Jerusalem, Bishop 305 272 Rome Patriarchate 396 Gregory, Bishop of Pelusium 20 Hall, 451 hermits 18, 45, 282, 318 Gregory II, Metropolitan of Kiev, Hall, S. G. 392, 393, 394, 396, 397 see also eremitic monks Galicia, and All Rus 403 Hamalis, Perry T. 59–60, 145–6, Hermogen 405 Gregory II, Patriarch of Cyprus 203, 184–5, 509–10 Herrin, Judith 520 303 Hamilton, B. 62, 63 Herzegovina 458, 559, 560 Gregory II, Pope 399 Hamilton, J. 62, 63 hesychasm 241–6 Gregory III Mamma, Patriarch 403 Hannah, Prayer of 369 anchorites 321 Gregory IV, Catholicos 42 Hannan, painter 477 Messalianism accusations 62 Gregory V, Patriarch 112, 228 Hanseatic League 181 Nikiphoros 245–6 Gregory VI, Patriarch 72 Hapgood, I. 25, 186 origins 242–4 Gregory VII, Catholicos 42 Harakas, S. 59, 60, 184, 185, 509, 510 prayer 245 Gregory IX, Pope 385 Hardy, E. R. 16, 18, 19, 20, 472 renaissance 246, 286, 365 Gregory X, Pope 302 Harrowing of Hades 136 St. Gregory of Nyssa 243 Gregory XIII, Pope 280 Harvey, Susan Ashbrook 108 St. Gregory Palamas 55, 116, 226, Gregory Bakuriansidze 217 Hatfield, Chad 190–91 362, 430 Gregory Thaumatourgos see St. Hatfield, Council of 203 St. John Klimakos 244 Gregory of Nyssa Hatherly, Stephen 26 St. Nicholas Cabasilas 438 Gregory the elder, Bishop 428 Hawaweeny, St. see St. St. Paisy Velichovsky 440 Gregory the Great, Pope see St. Raphael of Brooklyn hesychasteria 327 Gregory the Great healing 236–9 hesychia (quietness) 226, 241, 367 Grigol Peradze, 222 narratives 26 Heterousians 31, 129, 249 Grtila, Council of 216 power of deity 135 Hexapsalmoi 247, 349 guardian angels 24 power of relics 378 hierarchs 86, 114 Guroian, V. 184 rituals 122–3, 504 Hieratikon 152, 189–90, 247, 299 see also anointing of the sick Hierax 19 Haas, C. 14, 15 healthcare 238 Hieria, Synod of 269 Habsburgs 140, 386, 456–8 Hebrew Scriptures 341, 342 hiermos 339 (Found as heirmos) Hackel, S. 107, 521 Hebrew tradition 210, 469 hierosynes 370–72 Hades 235, 382, 471 see also Judaism Hierotheos, Metropolitan 12 Hadrian II, Pope 453 Hebrews, Letter to 23, 60 higumen () 319, 414 Hagia Sophia Cathedral Heidegger, Martin 365, 422 Hilander Monastery 69, 455 Ambo 21 heirmologion 79, 239 Hilarion the Iberian 217 cathedral church of the heirmos (of canon) 79 Hill, John 229 patriarchate 109 Hellenism 14, 24, 222, 239 Hindu caste system 304 ceremonial 155 Hellenization 69 Hinduism 523 Deisis 150–51 Henophysites 347 Hippolytus Holy Wisdom 470 (dynamic union) 97, 166, 334 Apostolic Tradition 27, 34, 396 icons restored 263 Henoticon 41, 216 and Callistus 398 Justinian 37 Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor 42 on heresy 222 under Ottoman rule 276 Heraclas 15 Logos school 300 Typikon 218 Heracleon 222 on Trinity 248 Hagia Sophia Church, China 91 Heraclius, Emperor 142, 306, 326, 437 History of the Patriarchs 8, 125 108, 190, 219, 235–6, heresiologists 3, 222–3, 239–40 Hobbes, T. 163 520–21 heresy 239–41 Hock, R. F. 210 Hagios Ioannes Studios 266 Apostolic Constitution 171 Hodegitria 247 Hagiotaphites 283 Bogomil 62 Hodegoi Church 485 Haile Selassie I, Emperor 9 classical usage 239 Høgel, C. 236 hairesis (diversity of opinion) 239 excommunication 192–3 Hokhma (wisdom) 469

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holiness 105, 107, 108 Holy Trinity, Monastery of 101, Christ Jesus 269 Holloway, R. R. 394, 397 366, 403 divine liturgy 153 Holman, Susan R. 503–4 Holy Trinity Church, Sergiev Gnostics 223 Holodny, Andrei I. 236–9 Posad 36 Lossky 103 Holum, Kenneth 519 Holy Trinity Icon, Troitse-Sergieva 333 Holy Anastasis, Church of 518 Lavra 412 and 116 Holy Apostles, Church of 398 Holy Unmercenaries 238 and physeis 128, 132, 333 Holy Book of the Great Invisible Spirit see see Great Week prosopon 253, 254 Gospel of the Egyptians Homer 173 Sophrony 471 Holy Communion liturgy 156 Homoousians 419 Syria/Alexandria on 46–7 Holy Cross, Feast of 215 homoousion as term 34, 46, 48 Holy Cross Church, Mtskheta 219 Arian controversy 165 trinitarian theology 300 Holy Cross Greek Orthodox School consubstantiality 347, 361 Western/Eastern Churches 249 of Theology, Boston 174, 500 Nicene Creed 39, 208, 420, 429 Zizioulas 116–17 Holy Cross Monastery 215, 217 non-Chalcedonians 347 Holy Emmanuel Church 2 St. Athanasius 17 Iakovos, Metropolitan 50, 51, 500 Holy Fools see Fools (Holy) St. Basil 133 Iasi (Jassy), Synod of (1642) 139, Holy Gifts 186, 346 St. Gregory of Nazianzus 18, 262 Holy Grail legend 283 249, 488 Iasi Theological Academy 174 Holy Mountain see Mount Athos Sophia 115, 252 Ibas of Edessa, letter to Maris the Holy Oblation 157 synods and councils on 34 Persian 130 Holy Resurrection, Cathedral of homotonia 443 Iberia 278 254–5, 299 Arab invasion 216 Holy Spirit 248–50 , Book of 382 ascetics 217–18 Chrismation 93–4 Hosios Loukas 264 Christianity 215, 220 Church 104 Hosius of Cordoba 165 Iconoclasm 263 Ekthesis 129 hospitality 88 Cassia against 520 Epiclesis 177–8 house churches 35, 392–3, 397 controversy 399 hypostasized holiness 104 Hovorun, Cyril 294–5, 306–7, 440 Council of Nicea II 166–7 Irenaeus 256–7 Hoxha, Enver 13 heresy accusations 240 Nicene Creed 166 Hromkla Council 42 identity of Christ 268 oil 26, 27 human nature 256, 416, 463–4 Irene against 134 Orthodox Church 34 humanity 255–8 Islam and 276 Pentecost 93 interconnected 257–8 relics 378–80 saints 270–71 love 302 iconodules 134, 263, 268–70, 449 salvation 290 one race/one blood 257–8 iconography, styles of 263–6 tradition 488 redemption 258 Byzantine 37, 264–6 Holy Tradition 487 relationship with divine 369 cross of Christ 135 Holy Trinity 250–4, 251 sin 258 Deisis 150–51 creation 256 Humbert of Silva Candida, Eleousa 176 and deification 147 Cardinal 76 Glykophilousa 222 discussions on 25 humility 447 Hades 235 doctrine of 251 Hurmuzaki 386 Hodegitria 247 Fatherhood of God 197 of the Pearl 477 Mandorla 306 kosmos (ordered creation) 197 hymnody 258, 259, 271–2, 327, 443 Mary, Mother of God 102, 484, Orthodox doctrine of 129 hymnography 258–60 485, 486 Perichoresis 361 Hypakoe 261 Old Testament 343 St. Gregory of Nazianzus on 300 Hypapante feast 485 Platytera 366 Theophany 481 Hypatia 19 relics 379 Zizioulas 116 hypogonation 507 reverse perspective 264 Holy Trinity, Church of, Sydney 49 hypostasis Russia 403

0002056221.INDD 543 11/8/2013 4:49:10 PM 544 index

iconography, styles of (cont’d) Ihssen, Brenda Llewellyn 392–9, intercession 122, 150, 156 St. Theodora 519 442, 453 intercommunion 171 Slavonic 163 Ilarion, Archbishop 492 interethnic violence 460 Sophrony 470 Ilarion: Na Gorakh Kavkaza 272 International Orthodox Christian 156, 266–7, 266, 400–1 Ilarion of Lovech, Bishop 72 Charities 501, 503 icons 95, 264, 267–71 illness/sin 26 inter-Orthodox consultations 169 as anti-Chalcedonian 268 Illyricum 227 investiture fee 112 classical style 265 Ilya II, of Georgia 222 Ioane of Zedazeni 216 Council of Nicea II 134, 166 Image of God theology 267 Ioane Sabanisdze 219 cult of 134 image/likeness distinction 147 Ioannes Protopsaltes 23 of the Dormition 157–8 Imiaslavie 272 Ioasaf, Metropolitan 404 dynamic style 265 immanence of God 116, 160–61, 162, Ionian Islands 229 ecumenism 169 163, 197 Iran, missions to 48 as focus for thinking 267 Imperial Orthodox Iraq 48, 223 hagiographical 265 Society 424 Irene, Empress 134, 166, 263, 268, Hellenistic/oriental 264 incarnation of the Logos 272–4 519 liturgy 270 Eucharist 185–6, 189 Irene, great martyr 310 myrrh-gushing 329 Gnosticism 224 Irinej, Patriarch 462 Nativity 332 and humanity 256–7, 257 16, 60 Nativity of the Theotokos 332–3 icons 269 Isaac I Comnenos 76 351 materiality 166–7 see St. Isaac the post-Comnenan mannerism 265 Nativity 332 Syrian Protecting 373 and nature of Christ 128 , Book of 22, 237, 382 as sacrament 271 Old Testament inspiration 342 Isaiah, Prophet 483 St. Andrei Rublev 412–13 Origen 375 Isauria 30 St. Nicholas 439 Orthodox ecclesiology 101 Ise of Tsilkani 216 St. Sergius of Radonezh 445 patristic thoughts on 13 Isidor, Bishop 403 Syrian Christianity 477 St. Athanasius 150 Isidore the Hospitaller of as theology in images 271 St. Cyril 97, 98–9 Alexandria 18 Theophan the Greek 481 St. Irenaeus 100 Isis 382 of 268 St. 269–70 Islam, Orthodoxy and 275–7 women 520 theological concept of 273 Arabian Peninsula 8 271–2 theopaschite understanding 130 Byzantine attitude 276, 277, idiorhythmic dependencies 327 incense 274–5 523 idolatry 268–9, 523 incubation 503 Carthage 5 Ieronymos, Archbishop 231 indebtedness, forgiving of 88 Christians 275–6 Ignatiev, Nikolai 72 Independent Ukrainian Orthodox Constantinople 109 Ignatios Xanthopoulos 245, 246, 285 Church 495 Cyprus 138 India Egypt 7, 118–9 on bishops 295 Britain in 305 fundamentalist 48 Christians in Rome 393 Christianity in 304–5 Jerusalem 282 cross 135 missions to 48 Kazakhstan 293 deacons 141 Portuguese explorers 304–5 missionaries 292 discipleship 106–7 Syrian Church 28 Nubia 10 as elder in the faith 359 Indian Orthodox Church see Sharia law xvii on Holy Trinity 250 Malankara Orthodox trading posts 8 Letter to the Philadelphians 356 Syrian Church Turks 523 33 Indreptarea Legii 84 Islamicization 68, 350 To the Romans 352 Innemée, K. C. 504 isocephaly of icons 264 on widows/virgins 507 Innocent, Pope 18, 398 isosyllabia 443 ihidaya (solitary ) 322 Innokentii (Popov-Veniaminov) 278 Israel 283, 521–2

0002056221.INDD 544 11/8/2013 4:49:10 PM index 545

Istanbul 109, 113, 276 Jesuits 84, 139 John Italos 364 see also Constantinople Jesus Christ see Christ John of Ephesus 10 Istanbul Orthodox meeting 170 Jesus of History Movement 375 John of Karpathos 362 Italian invasion of Ethiopia 9 284–6 John Paul II, Pope 462 Ittoop Ramban, Pulikottill Joseph 305 hesychasm 241, 242, 245, 246, 362 John the Iberian 217–18 Ivan III, Emperor 404–5 Russia 363 , Bishop of Riazan 403 Ivan IV, Tsar 211, 404 sacramental life 246 Jordan 282, 283 Ivan Alexander, Tsar 68 St. Seraphim 444 Josef I, Exarch 72 Ivanko of Bulgaria 68 The Way of the Pilgrim 363 Joseph, Abba 151 Iviron, monastery of 217–18 Jewish Christian sects 24, 156, 477 Joseph, brother of St. Theodore 79 Izmirlieva, Valentina 475, 516 Jews Joseph, Patriarch of in Alexandria 119 Constantinople 207 Jacob 60 Bulgaria 73 Joseph I, Patriarch of Jacob, Bishop 425 and Christians 286–7 Constantinople 303 Jacob Baradeus 126 in Egypt 122 Joseph Bolotov, Archimandrite 496 Jacobite faction 47, 126, 325, 479 evangelism amongst 190 Joseph of Alaverdi 216 Jacobites 305 in Georgia 215 Joseph of Panephysis 151 James, Epistle of 26 intellectuals in Byzantine Joseph of Volotsk 338, 368, 404 James of Jerusalem 158 Church 287–8 Joseph the Hymnographer 79, 356 Jamesian Christians 477 see also Hebrew tradition; Judaism, Josephites 404 Japan Orthodoxy and Joshua 345 American occupying forces 279 al-jizyah tax 276 Josif Rajacič ,́ Metropolitan 458, 459 anti-Christian edict removed 278 Joachim III 167 Jovan, Archbishop of Ohrid 462 earthquake 279 Joachim IV, Ecumenical Patriarch Judaism, Orthodoxy and 286–8 New Martyrs 336 387 Bible 341 Russian missions to 191 Joanikije II 456 and Christ Jesus 287 Japan, Autonomous Orthodox Joannou, Pericles-Pierre: Discipline cross-influences 524 Church of 278–80 Générale Antique 84 incense 274 Jassy, Synod of 139, 262 , Patriarch of Russian Orthodox Judaizers, heresy of 368, 404 , Book of 287 Church 405 Judea 282, 321 Jeremiah II, Patriarch 405–6 Joensuu, University of 205 Judge, E. A. 120 Jeremias II, Patriarch 280–1 Joest, C. 120 judgment 289–90, 522 ’s Chronicle 15 John, Abbot of Raithou 435 , Emperor 17, 173 Jerusalem John, Archbishop of Antioch 46 77–8, 230, 499 Anastasis, Church of 36, 37, 154 John, 137 Julian of Alexandria 15 Armenia 42, 43 John I, Bishop of Alexandria 15 Julian of Halicarnassus 324 British administration 284 John I Talaia 16 Julianists, Coptic patriarchal line 16 and Ethiopia 6 John II 16, 20 Junia 518 Islamic occupation 282 John II, Melkite Patriarch 16 Jurjev-Viljandi diocese 182 Jewish/Christian holy places 282 John II Komnenos, Emperor 82 just war theory 510 symbolic influence 281 John III (Coptic Julianist) 16 justification by faith 139 Jerusalem, apostolic council of 165 John III Scholastikos 81 Justin Moisescu, Patriarch 388 Jerusalem, Patriarchate of 29, John III the Almoner 16 Justinian, Emperor 281–4 John IV, Coptic Patriarchate 16 church buildings 38, 264, 504 and Georgia 215–16 John V Palaeologus 438 Council of Constantinople II 130 Israeli government 284 John VI Cantacuzenos 438 in Egypt 125–6 liturgical traditions 155 John VIII Palaeologos, Emperor 206, Hagia Sophia 443 semi-eremitic monasticism 321 207, 403 on Judaic worship 288 Typikon 156 John XI Bekkos 303 Justiniana Prima 385 Jerusalem, Synod of 139, 283, John XXII, Pope 55 North Africa 4, 5 290, 330 John XXIII, Pope 288 Novel 81, 123

0002056221.INDD 545 11/8/2013 4:49:10 PM 546 index

Justinian, Emperor (cont’d) Katholikon 327 Kniga Pravil 83 Origen and Evagrios 124 Kazakhstan, Orthodoxy in 292–3 Knights Templar 42, 283 Paul of Tabenn 20 Kazantzakis, Nikos: Christ knowable/unknowable things 302 pentarchy 360 Recrucified 109 knowing, act of 208 reuniting Eastern Churches 166 Kazhdan, A. 313 Kodiak 496 St. Catherine’s Monastery 465, 466, Kebra Negast 8, 9 koinobia (communes) 414 467–8 kellia (cells) 327 koinonia (fellowship) 106–8, 168, Sixth Novella 82 Kelly, J. N. D. 397, 399 319 and Theodora 519 (self-giving/ koinos bios (common life) 318 Justinian II, Emperor 138, 267, 377 self-receiving) 115 kollyva 294, 376 Justinian Marina, Patriarch 387–8, 390 Kenotism 451 246, 362 Justus of Alexandria 15 Kenworthy, Scott M. 278–80, 316 Kollyvadic Fathers 295 Kerala 304–5 Komnenoi emperors Kairos 35, 77 kerygma 33, 190, 225, 487, 489 military saints 312–13 Kalanik of Vratsa 75 Khandzta, monastery of 216 Konevitsa monastery 203 Kaleb,̄ King 8 Khazars 442 Kôni, Theodore bar Kaliaev, Ivan 424 Khmelnytsky’s uprising 494 Scholion 276 Kalinik I, Patriarch 458 Khomiakov, Aleksey S. 25, 293–4 Konidaris, John 83 Kallistos, Ecumenical Patriarch 456 Khrushchev, Nikita 410 Konstantinovsky, Julia 130, 367–8, Kallistos, Metropolitan of Kidd, B. J. 112 419–20, 446–7, 470–1 Diokleia 101, 241–6, 284–6 Kiev 11–12, 78, 260, 295, Kallistos, monk 245, 246, 285 baptism of Rus 190 443 Kallivourtsis, Nikolaos see St. conversion 491 Kontaris, Cyril 139 Nikodemos the Hagiorite evangelization 297 Kontoglou, Photios 234 Kalmykia, tribes of 292 history of 402–4 Koraes, Adamantios 228, 365 kalymauchion 291 Mongol invasions 297, 491–2 Korea 191 kalyves 327 Kiev Caves Lavra 315, 322, 444 Kormchaia, Slavic lands 83 Kamasis, martyr 384 Kiev Caves Paterikon 337 Kosmas the Melodist 79 kamilavki 291 Kiev-Moghila Academy 174, 315, 482 kosmos (ordered ) 163, 197, Kangxi emperor 91 Kiev Orthodox Academy 405 199–200 Kannengiesser, C. 341 Kiev Orthodox Church 316 Kosovo 457, 459, 461 Kanon periodical 85 Kiev Pechersky Lavra 329, 401, 441, Kosovo, battle of 456, 458 Kantopoulos, Athanasios 50 492 Kotsonis, Jerome 82, 179 Kaplan, S. 7, 8 Kiev Theological Academy 174 koukoulion (cowl or hood) 292 Karanikolas, Panteleimon 83 Kikodze, Gabriel 221 Kouymjian, D. 378 Karelia region, Finland 203 King, G. 380 Kraemer, R. 518 Karlovci Synod of Russian Bishops Kingdom of God 357 Krivocheine, Basil 170 Outside Russia 91, 458 2 Kings 378 , Khan 64 Karlovtzy Synod 514, 515 Kiril, Patriarch 74, 402, 410 Kuhrt, A. 521 Karras, V. A. 143 Kirion, martyr of Georgia 221 Kulikovo, Battle of 446 Kartli/Iberia 214–16 Kirion I, Catholicos 216 Kurdistan 48 Kartlis Tskhovreba 214 Kirribilli Point 49 Kushitic language 5 Kartuli language 213–14 Kirwan, L. P. 10 Kykko monastery 138 Kasatkin, Ivan 278 Kiss of Peace 157 Kyrgyz people 292 Katabasis (coming down) 95, 135 Kitson, Thomas 44, 49, 296, 335–6, Kyriakon 327 Katafylis, Evangelos 349–50 343–5, 423, 481 Kataphatic theology 31, 253, 301, 469 Klier, J. D. 404 Lactantius 2, 3, 35, 420 292 Klimakos see St. John Klimakos Ladislas IV, of Poland 405 katharsis (purification) 161 Kliment 66 laity 103, 161, 241, 321 292, 348 ( section) 22 Lalibela 5, 8 kathismata 327 klobuk (headgear) 292 lampadarios 328, 374

0002056221.INDD 546 11/8/2013 4:49:11 PM index 547

lance 296, 372 Lenhoff, G. 378 liturgy Landmarks (Bulgakov’s essays) 63 Lent 77–8, 196 architecture and 37 Laodicea, Council of 86, 92, 259 Leo, Prince of Armenia 42 Basil the Great 87 Larchet, J.-C. 472 Leo I, Emperor 125 calendar 77 Lasser, Justin M. 1–11, 31–2, 32–5, Leo I, Pope 19, 128, 346, 399 and icons 271 88–9, 118–27, 210–12, 222–4, Leo III, Emperor 83, 133–4, 263, 268, incense 274–5 239–41, 299–301, 469–70, 399 John Chrysostom 87 476–80, 510–12 Leo III, Pope 203, 399 for marriage 307–8 Last Judgment 181, 289–90 Leo IV, Emperor 134, 268, 519 open air/secret 104 Lateran Basilica 36 Leo V, Emperor 263, 268, 434 see also divine liturgy, Orthodox Latin Church 3 Leo VI the Wise, Emperor 261, 307 Liturgy of Pre-Sanctified Gifts of St. architecture 37 Leo IX, Pope 77 Gregory the Dialogist 156, concupiscence 348 Leo XIII, Pope 159 189, 275, 428 at Council of Florence 205–7 Leonide, martyr of Georgia 222 Liturgy of St. Basil the Great 156, 189, Councils of Constantinople 245 Leontiev, Maxim 91 218, 366 fathers of 181, 359 Leontios of Alexandria 331 Liturgy of St. Gregory the filioque 202, 252, 437 Leontius of Cyprus: Life of St. Symeon Dialogist 23 music 328–9 the Holy Fool 211 Liturgy of St. James 156, 178, 218, and Orthodox 351–4 Leontyev, W. 345 281 purgatory 290 Levski, Vassil 72 Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom 178, war 510 Lezhaisky, Hilarion 91 200, 218 Latin language 5, 154 L’Huillier, Peter 85 Liturgy of St. Peter 218, 219 Latin patriarch of Antioch 30 Libanos, Abba 7 Liturgy of the Eucharist 156–7 Latinization of Armenia 42 Liberation, Wars of Liturgy of the Word 156–7 latreia (adoration) 134, 268 Bulgaria 72, 73 Lives of the Syrian fathers 216, 219 Latrocinium (Synod of Thieves) 19, 128 Estonia 182 Living Church movement 499 Latvia, Orthodoxy in 296–7 Liberation Christology 375 logoi (principles) 299 Latvian Church Abroad 297 Libya 1 Logos Latvian language 297 Licinius, co-emperor 397 Church Fathers on 98 Lausanne, Faith and Order Life of Andrew the Scythian 211 Council of Constantinople II 130 Conference 168 Life of Polycarp 107 divinity of 98, 333 Lausanne, Treaty of 230 Life of St. Gobroni 219 ecology 162 Lavra 321, 414 Life of St. Gregory of Khandzta 217, Fatherhood of God 196, 197 Lavra of Palestine 217 219 Nestorianism 334 Lavra of St. Chariton 217 Life of St. Nino 215 pre-incarnate 97 Lavra of the 516 Life of St. Serapion of Zarzma 219 and Sophia 469–70 Lavrentev, Sergey 108 light 243 see also incarnation of the Logos Lavriotic monasticism 319–21 Limouris, G. 168, 170, 171 Logos School 232, 248 Lawrence, archdeacon 190 Lingenthal, Zacharia von 84–5 Logos theology 13, 15, 17, 39, 123, lay brotherhoods 232–4 Lipsius, R. A. 518 299–301 Layard, A. H. 45 Litanies of the Faithful 157, 175 Logos-Sarx Christology 273 laying on of hands 345 Litany of Supplication 157 Lombards 352 Laz language 213 Lithuania, Orthodoxy Lord’s Prayer 88, 157, 197 Lazar Hrebljanovic,́ Tsar 456 in 297–8, 366 Lossky, Vladimir 301–2 Lazar Puhalo, Archbishop 354 Lithuanians abroad 493 apophaticism 32, 252, 253, 301 Lazarev, V. N. 412 Little Armenia 42 on Bulgakov 63 Lazarus 237, 383 liturgical books 298–9 Dionysius 422 Lebanon 307 liturgical chant 29 ecology 160 Leger, Antoine 139 liturgical cycle 102 ecumenism 169 leitourgia (public service) 89, 153 liturgical procession, Optina 344 eschatology 180 Lemerle, P. 312 Liturgikon 247 essence–energies distinction 254

0002056221.INDD 547 11/8/2013 4:49:11 PM 548 index

Lossky, Vladimir (cont’d) Malamir, Khan 64 Romania 385 filioque 302 Malankara Association 306 Rome 393 and Florovsky 115–16 Malankara Orthodox Syrian self-denial 323 grace 226 Church 304–6 shrines in Georgia 219 Mystical Theology 301 Malankara Syrian Orthodox 305 witnessing 190 neo-patristic synthesis 253 Malaxos, Manuel 82 women 517–18, 520–521 on Orthodox theology 363 Malevi convent 329 Martyrdom of Abo of Tbilisi 219 personalism 302 Mamluk Muslims 42 Martyrdom of Queen Ketevan 219 on St. Nicholas 438 Mandaeans 223, 477 Martyrdom of St. Eustathios 219 Sept jours sur les routes de France 301 Mandorla 308 Martyrdom of St. Shushaniki 219 The Sophia Debate 301 Mani 223 martyria 36–7 Lot, Abba 151 Manicheanism 62, 223, 416 Martyrios: On Repentance and Louth, A. 236, 353, 362–3, 422, Mantzarides 184 Humility 216 434–5, 437–8 Mantzouneas, Evangelos 83 martyrium (witness) 108 love 302 Manuel, Patriarch 455 Marxism, rejected 63 of God 198 Manuel Komnenos, Emperor 42, 82 Mary, Mother of God marriage 307, 308 Manzikert, battle of 42, 276 Christotokos title 19, 97, 132 praise 101 monastery 155, 218, cult of 485 self-sacrifice 308 281, 282 Eleousa 176 Luarsab, King 219 Mar Thoma Syrian Church 305 Hodegitria 247, 486 , Union of 494 Marcellus Fragment 129 iconography 102, 177, 484, 486 Lucerne University 288 Marcian, Emperor 20, 47, 166 as ideal Virgin 508, 518 Lucius, Bishop 17 Marcion 223 Panagia 351 Luther, Martin 510 Marcion of Pontus 341 Platytera icon 366 182, 187, 204, 280, Marfo-Mariinskaia Obitel’ venerated 332 296–7 Miloserdiia 424 see also Theotokos, the Blessed Luzin, Nikolai 301 Marian Festivals 202, 373 Virgin; Virgin, cult of Lyons, Council of 167, 302–3 Marian veneration 379, 482, 485 517 Lyons II, Council of 353 see also Mary, Mother of God Mary of Bethany 93 Marion, Jean-Luc 422 Masari, Bernardo see Barlaam of Macarian Homilies 242–3, 244 Mark II 15, 112 Calabria Macarius, Bishop of Antioch 166 Mark the Monk 362 mass-media technology 391 320 Markos Eugenikos 207 materiality 167, 223, 255, 299 2 Maccabees 382 30, 159, 306–7, 329–30 mathetē s̄ 33 Macedonian dynasty 264–5 marriage 307–9 see (Matins) Macedonian Orthodox Church 460, interethnic 500 Matthopoulos, Eusebios 232–3 462 love 308 Maurer, George von 228 Macedonian 66 339–41 Mavelikkara, Synod of 305 Machiavelli, N. 163 priesthood 371 Maxentius, Emperor 397 Mad of Tabennisi story 211 sexuality 464 Maxim, Metropolitan of Lovech 74 Madigan, K. 143 spiritual 478, 508 Maxim, Patriarch 75 Maguire, H. 439 sponsors 308 Maximin, Emperor 40 major orders 345 Martin I, Pope 131, 352, 437 Maximos, Metropolitan 51 Makarii, Metropolitan 404–6 martyrdom Maximos IV Sayegh 160 Makarije Sokolovic,́ Patriarch 457 Antioch 28 Maximos Margunios 139, 202–3, Makariopolski, Ilarion 71 canonization 86, 221 364 Makarios III of Cyprus 138 cult of 107 Maximus 15 Makarios of Corinth 246, 294 Decian persecution 16 Maximus, Archbishop 16 Makrakis, Apostolos 232 Donatists 4 Maximus the Greek 309 Maksim, Metropolitan of Kiev 402 Orthodox ecclesiology 104 McDowell, Maria Gwyn 35, 88, Maksimovich, Cyrill 83 Passion Bearers 358 106–8, 143–4, 175–6, 266–7,

0002056221.INDD 548 11/8/2013 4:49:11 PM index 549

312, 329–30, 351, 360, 374, Merton, T. 161 Michael VIII Palaeologos 265, 302, 438–9, 463–4, 507–8 Meruzanes, Bishop of Armenia 40 303, 504 McGuckin, Eileen 33, 95, 251, 383, mesonyktikon 30, 311–12 Michael Angelos, Patriarch 82 421, 484 Messalian controversy 478 Migne, J. P. 359 McGuckin, John A. 12–13, 21–5, Messalianism 62, 436 Milan, Edict of 104, 310, 335, 384, 28–31, 35–8, 40–3, 45–8, 55–6, messianic anointing 93 397, 462 77–8, 87, 90–2, 95–100, metamorphosis 149 Milas, Nikodim 84, 85 109–14, 135–7, 140, 153–8, metanie (metanoia) 10, 153, Military Chaplaincy Commission 501 175, 177, 189–90, 193–4, 312, 381 military saints 312–13 196–202, 247, 261, 272–4, metastoicheiosis (change of Miller, T. 510 280–4, 291–2, 294, 296–9, 302, elements) 187 millet system 180, 277, 456 310–12, 324–6, 329, 331–2, Meteora 312 Miloševic,́ Slobodan 461 336, 337, 358–9, 366–7, 372–3, methexis 104–8 Miltiades, Bishop of Rome 397 375, 413–19, 420–2, 426–30, Methodios 79, 259 Milvian Bridge, battle of 420 432, 440–1, 447–9, 451–2, Methodios Anthrakites 364 minor orders 345 465–8, 473–4, 483, 487–9, Methodius, Patriarch 269 Minucius Felix 2 512–16 Methodosius, Apostle to the Slavs 190 Mir Pravoslavia 183 Meatfare, Sunday of 90, 376 Metochia 467 miracles 313–15 media technologies 191, 233 Metochites, Theodore xvii of healing 237 Megalomartyr Saints 310 Metohija 455, 460, 461 pedagogy 313 Megara martyrs 336 (cf. relics 378 Megrelian language 213 transubstantiation) 187 true/false 314 Mehmet II, Sultan 68, 109, 349, 457 metropolitan system 179 unmercenary saints 503 Meier, J. P. 393 Meyendorff, John Mirian, King 214, 220 Meinardus, Otto 379 apostolic structure 105 Miron Christea, Patriarch 387 Melchisedek I, Patriarch of ecumenism 169 miscarriage 464 Georgia 220 and Erickson 85 Mišic,́ Alojzije 459 , King of Salem 60, 522 essence–energies 116 misogyny 143, 463 Meletie, Metropolitan 387 hesychasm 246 missionaries 258 Meletios (Metaxakis) of Orthodoxy and philosophy 365 education 279 Constantinople 50, 182, 230, on papacy 353 Islam 292 498 401 or proselytizers 513 Meletios Syrigos 262 on St. Dionysius 422 Silk Road 48 Meletius of Antioch 29, 165–6, 419, Unity of the Church 169 Sufism 292 429, 433 Meyer, M. W. 122 see also evangelism Melitian schism 123, 165, 415 Mgaloblishvili, T. 215 507 Melitius of Lycopolis 17, 123 Mia Physis 47, 324, 325, 347 Mitrofan, monk 446 259, 287 Miaphysitism 324–6 Mkhedruli script 214 Melkite party 16, 126 Coptic Christians 16, 126 Modalists 375 memorial services 146 Council of Chalcedon 29 Moghila, Peter 315–16, 386, 405, Men, Alexander 108, 310–11 Dioscorus II 20 492, 494 History of 310, 468 St. Cyril 19, 41, 47, 347 Expositio fidei 262 The Son of Man 310 schism 16 Orthodox Confessions 315 Menaion 86, 189, 299, 311 Theodora 519 Moldavia 385, 410 Menas, Coptic Patriarch 16 Michael, Archangel 24, 522 see also Moldova, Republic of Menelik II, Emperor 9 Michael I, Coptic Patriarch 16 Moldova, Orthodoxy in 316–17 Menologion 236, 265 Michael I, Emperor 42, 64 Moldova, Republic of 388 Mens Ecclesia 488 Michael II, Emperor 269 ethnic diversity 316 menstruation 464 Michael III, Emperor 442, 453 and Russia 316–17 Merkabah 95 Michael IV 76 Soviet Union 316 Meroe kingdom 6, 10 Michael VI, Emperor 76 see also Moldavia

0002056221.INDD 549 11/8/2013 4:49:11 PM 550 index

monachos (a solitary) 120, 318 275, 276 Ottoman yoke 349 Monarchian crisis 248, 300 Monothelitism 326 Paisii of 69 Monastery Church of St. Antony 248 Council of Constantinople III 131, Mouratides, Constantine 83 Monastery of Christ, Chora 265 166 mourning 196 Monastery of Mar Sava 434 human /eternal Logos 255 Mozarabic liturgy 154 Monastery of the Forty Days 281 Maronites 306 Mroveli, Leonti 215 Monastic Typika 155 Martin I 352 Mtskheta, Catholicos 220 monasticism 317–23 St. Maximos the Confessor 437 Muhammad, Prophet 275, 276, 523 anchoritic 18, 120, 318–19, 321, 322 separatists 96 Muir, John 162 Athos, Mount 234 Montanus and Maxima, martyrs 384 Mulanthuruthy, Synod of 305 coenobitic 18, 120, 318–20, 327, Montenegrin Orthodox Church 462 Muntenia 385 414 Montenegro 458, 462 Münzter, Thomas 510 communion of saints 107 Morava School 456 Murad IV, Sultan 139 Coptic Church 119 Moravia 140, 442, 453, 491 music (sacred) 327–9 defined 317, 319 Morisena-Cenad 385 Musurillo, H. 236 Egypt 120 mortality see death (and funeral) al-Mu’taman ibn al-’Assal̄ 276 eremitic 120, 318–19, 322, 413, 414 mortification of flesh 519 Myrobletes Saints 329 female 508 Mosaic Law 80 myron (holy oil) 93, 94 Georgian 216, 217 Moschos, John 423 myrrh-bearing women icon 383 Greece 228, 234 Moscow 402–4, 412, 493–4 mysterion 153, 330 healthcare 238 Moscow Patriarchate mystery (sacrament) 102, 329–30 literature 337 Albanian Orthodox 12 eschatology 180–1 Palestine 452 formation of 281 Eucharist 185, 187 ritual 283 Japanese Orthodox Church 278 Mystical Supper 154, 155, 258, 369 Romania 386 366 mystical theology 161 Russia 363, 402, 408 Ukrainian Orthodox Church 495 mysticism 123, 223–4, 244, 444, 448 semi-eremitic 321 see also Russia, Patriarchal Serbia 455 Orthodox Church Na Gorakh Kavkaza 272 spread of 18 Moscow Slavonic Charitable Nag Hammadi writings 31, 119–22, taking new names 332 Committee 73 223 Ukraine 492 Moscow Theological Academy 174, Nairobi WCC Assembly 169 Mongol Empire 48, 523 207 nakedness 210, 211 Mongol invasions 197, 402, 492–3 name (Name Day) 331–2 Monnica, mother of Augustine 415 Exodus from Egypt 148 name-glorifiers 272 Monoenergism 131, 166, 437 and Joshua 345 naming ceremony 331 monogamy 179 St. Gregory of Nyssa 243 Nana, Queen 214 monologic prayer 284 Sinai 465–6 Narratio de rebus Armeniae 42 monopatrism 203 transformation 149 Nasser, Gamal Abdel 126 monophony 341 Moses, Abbot 345 National Church Council of Monophysitism 324–6 Moses, Song of 369 Bulgaria 59 Alexandria 7 Moshnin, Prokhor see St. Seraphim national fasting 195–6 Armenia Christianity 41 of Sarov National Organization of Christian Assyrian Church 45, 46, 48 Mostar, Bishop of 459 Solidarity 231 Council of Chalcedon 128, 437 Mother Maria Skobtsova 108, 117, Nativity Church, Bethlehem 36 Eutyches 47 336, 521 Nativity of the Lord 332 Oriental Orthodox 347 Motovilov, N. A. 444 Nativity of the Theotokos 332–3 schism 128, 166 Mount Athos 326–7 natural theology 199 separatists 96 after xvii nature 161–2 Syrian Orthodoxy 478 Bogomilism 62 Naum 66, 491 Theodora 126, 131 monasticism 234, 321 nave 38 see also Miaphysitism musical traditions 327 Nazary, Hieromonk 205

0002056221.INDD 550 11/8/2013 4:49:11 PM index 551

Nazism New Martyrs 335–6 Nicephorus, Patriarch 269 in Czechoslovakia 140 New Orleans 497 Nicephorus I, Emperor 64 in Latvia 297 New Testament 57–8 Nicephorus II Phocas 138 New Martyrs 336 angels 24 Nicholas I, Pope 353, 426, 442 in Russia 164, 410 blessing 60 Nicholas I, Tsar 407, 431 in Serbia 459–60 Christ Jesus 95 Nicholas II, Tsar 336, 379, 407, 408, Shoah 288 Covenant of the Law 80 424, 444 Neale, John Mason 25 early rooms for congregations 35 Nicholas Calligraphos 336 Nectarius of Constantinople 381 episcopacy 178 Nicholson, Wendy Paula 180–1, Nedelsky, 158, 173–4, 272 exorcism 193 289–90 Nehemiah 196 Fatherhood of God 199 Nicodim Munteanu, Patriarch 387 Neil, B. 504 gospel 224–6 Nietzsche, F. 160 Neilos of Ankyra 241 healing of sick 237 Nika Riots 443 Nektarios of Jerusalem 107 hymnodic material 258 Nikephoros Blemmydes 337 Nemanja, Ratsko 455 incense 274 244, 362, 474 Nemanja, Stefan 455 Jeremiah, Book of 287 Nikiphoros the Hesychast 245, 285 Neo-Arian movements 38 miracles 313 Nikochev, Dilian 84 Neo-Caesarea, Council of 143 prayer 368–70 Nikodimos of the Holy Mountain see Neofit of Vidin, Metropolitan 74 resurrection 382–3 St. Nikodemos the Neo-Nicene theologians 87, 419 water symbolism 55 Hagiorite Neo-Palamite theology 116 New Valamo monastery 205 Nikolai, Archbishop of Neopatristic school 115–16, 253 New York City 497 Kazakhstan 293 neophaneis (newly revealed) 336 New Zealand 50 Nikolai Ono, Bishop 279 130, 219, 245, 364 Newbigin, L. 170 Nikolai-do 278 neo-scholasticism 116 Newly Revealed Saints 336 Nikon, Patriarch 339, 405, 406 Nero, Emperor 394 Nezavisna Drpžaca Hrvatska Nile River 10 Nerses of Lambron 42 (NDH) 459, 460, 462 Nilus, S. 444 Nesbitt, J. 510 Nicene Creed Nineveh 45 (AU: Spelling is Nesterov, Mikhail Vasilievich 208 anathemata 129 alternatively used in book. Nestorianism 333–5 Christology 375 Please check.) Assyrian Church 48 confession of faith 16, 18 nipsis (watchfulness) 181 on Christ 347 Council of Constantinople II 165 Niptic Books 337 Macarius 166 Council of Nicea I 133 Niquinta 63 separatists 96 God as Creator 224 Nisibis, Truce of 215 Syrian Church 479 homoousion 208 Nisibis school 48 Nestorius Logos 300 Nissiotis, Nikos 116, 169, 170, 172 Antiochene tradition 19 psilanthropism 375 Nitria 18, 320 Armenian Church 41 St. Gregory of Nazianzus 429 356 Christology 130 Nicene fathers 249 Noble, T. F. X. 352, 399 condemned 46, 421 Nicene theology 19 Noli, Fan 12 Council of Ephesus 46 see also Council of Nicea (I, II) Nomokanonike Bibliotheke 83 and Cyril 124, 166, 274, 324, 359, 421 Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed Nomokanons 81 deposed 479 Christology 96 Nomophylax (guardian of the law) 82 exiled 125 Council of Constantinople I 129 Non-Chalcedonian Churches see heterodoxy 375 Council of Nicea I 133 Oriental Orthodox incarnation 97 divine liturgy 157 Non-Chalcedonian Oriental Theotokos title 46, 130, 334, 484 filioque 202–3, 252, 352 Orthodox 128 Tome of Heracleides 435 104–5 Non-Chalcedonian Orthodox neumes (notation) 327, 328 WCC 168 Churches 167 Neusner, Jacob 288 Nicephoros, presbyter 373 Non-Chalcedonian Orthodox New Delhi WCC Assembly 168 Nicephorus Gregoras 438 Miaphysite Churches 45–6

0002056221.INDD 551 11/8/2013 4:49:11 PM 552 index

Non-jurors 25 death and afterlife 382 Syrian tradition 45 non-Orthodox churches 171 epiphanies of God 196–7 Orientalium Ecclesiarum 160 Non-Possessors 338, 511 Holy Spirit 248 Origen of Alexandria non-violence 170 idolatry 269 Alexandria Patriarchate 13–14 North American Orthodox–Catholic Jewish/Christian believers 286–7 on angels 24 Theological Consultation 252 prayer 369 Apokatastasis 181, 290 North Atlantic Treaty Organization prophecy of gospel 224–5 apophaticism 31 (NATO) 461 psalms 260 asceticism 44, 124 Notaras, Lucas 207 resurrection 237 Against Celsus 287, 313–14 (consciousness) 161 water symbolism 53 condemned 130 Novationists 19, 381, 395 Oleg, Prince 491 and Demetrius 15–16 Novgorod, Republic of 182, 404, 481 Olga of Kiev 401 ecumenical councils 166 Novgorod–Swedish war 204 Olympus, Mount 217 Essence of essences 300 Novice level 474 507 female deacons 143 Nubia 1, 10 Omurtag, Khan 64 224 Nubian Christianity 20 On Judas (Romanos) 11 as international intellectual 123 Nubian Orthodox Church 6 Onasch, K. 351, 438–9 on Jewish life 119 Numbers, Book of 345 O’Neil, E. N. 210–11 Letter to Theodore 15 Numidia 4 Only-begotten Son hymn 259 Logos 224, 274, 300 Nuremberg hesychasterion 516 Ono, John 279 miracles 313–14 Nuskhuri script 213 Onophes, Melkite Patriarch 16 Modalist problem 375 ontological revolution 251–2, 253 Moses 149 Oak, Synod of 18, 421, 434 , relational 252 mysticism 123 Oakley, A. 155 Open Orthodox University 311 Old Testament 286–7, 341 Obolensky, D. 62 Opiza, monastery of 216 pagan name 331 ode 339 oppression xvi Paradise 355 Odes of 478 Oprichnina (Ivan IV) 405 Parousia 356–7 Offices of the 155 Optatus of Milevis 2 patristics 359 Ohme, Heinz 85 Optina 343–5 of 362 oikonomia (judicious economy) 80, Dobrotlubyie 362–3 (AU: Found as philosophy and theology 363–4 176, 464 Dobrotolyubie) protology 181 oikonomos (shared world) 163 Elders 246, 322, 365, 441 St. Maximos the Confessor 437 Oikonomos rank 474 exhumation of relics 379 schola 173 Oil of Gladness 27 liturgical procession 344 spiritual growth 357 Oktoechos 189, 261, 299, 328, 339, restored 344 on Trinity 248 356 St. Dorotheus 423 (AU: Found as united life of Christ 107 Old Believers 339–41 Dorotheos) on wealth 511 Estonia 183 St. Ignatius 431 original sin 26, 195, 289, 348–9, Kazakhstan 293 506 416 marriage 340 ordination 142, 143, 345–6, Oromo peoples 9 persecution of 406 371 Orthodox Chalcedonian population and distribution 340 Orestes, martyr 310 Church 20–1 Russia 155 Orestes, Prefect 19 Orthodox Christian Mission schism 192 Oriental Church Magazine 497 Center 501 women’s role 341 Oriental Orthodox 346–8 Orthodox Christian Network 501 78, 231 in Africa 9 Orthodox Church Old Church Slavonic 190 Assyrian Church 479 diaspora 56, 139, 512–13 Old Testament 58, 341–3 Council of Ephesus 132 ecumenism 167–72 anointing with oil 26 at Council of Florence 206–7 meeting in houses 35–6 Aposticha 32 Malankara 304 and Roman Catholic Byzantine Church 342–3 Monophysitism 324 Church 352–4

0002056221.INDD 552 11/8/2013 4:49:11 PM index 553

spread of 523 Paisos, Elder 234 paschal hymn 145 as term 240 Paiusan, C. 390 Paschal Mystery 77, 200 Orthodox Church in America Palaeologue Renaissance 265, 456 Pashkov, Dimitrii 83 (OCA) 298–9, 388, 409, 501, Palamon, monk 121 Passion 153, 156 502, 512 Palestine Passion Bearers 358 Orthodox Cypriots 138 Christian 215, 217, 218 Passion of the Scillitan Martyrs 1 Orthodox Encyclopedia 83–4 Islamic dominion 155 Passover 156 Orthodox mission churches 513 monasticism 130, 318, 321, 337, 452 pastoral care 463 Orthodox Missionary Society 392 Roman 281 Patelos, C. G. 167, 169 Orthodox Slavs 313 Palladios, Archimandrite 91 Paterenes of Italy 63 Orthodox Theological Society 501 Palladius: 337 Paterika see Niptic Books Orthodox Visions of Ecumenism 169 Palmer, G. E. H. 161 Paton, D. M. 169 Orthros (Matins) 177, 189, 247, Palmer, William 25 Patriarchal Academy, 349, 434 Palutians 425 Constantinople 174 Osiek, C. 143 Panagia 351, 507 Patriarchal and Synodical Act, Osiris 382 Panagiotakos, Panagiotis 82 Greece 230 Osrhoene region 476–7 Panikhida 376 patriarchs 179, 192, 350 Otto, of Greece 228 Pankrati of Stara Zagora 75 patristics 358–60 Ottoman Empire xvii, xviii. 109–10 pannychis 295 anti-Judaism 287 in Balkans 456–8 pan-Orthodox endeavors 169, 497, Barlaam of Calabria 55 Bulgaria 68 500 Christ Jesus 96 Byzantium 276 Panselinos, Manouel 265 Council of Ephesus 359 collapse of 43, 230 Pantaenus 15, 123 deification 447 Constantinople, Patriarchate of 69 Panteleimon, martyr 238, 310 doxology 96 episcopal duties 180 Pantheon, Rome 36 hermeneutics 254 filioque 203 Pantocrator icon 264, 265, 351 on incarnation 13 Greece 138, 227 Pap, King 41 miracles 313, 314 millet system 276–7, 456–7 papacy 206, 352–4 Old Testament 343 music 328 challenged 58 personhood 116 Russia and 71–2 primacy doctrine 397–9 philosophy 363–5 Turks in Constantinople 493–4 Rome 179 96 Ottoman Yoke 349–50 Papakostas, Seraphim 233 Russian translations 345, 349 ousia (essence) 116, 162, 197, 253, 325 Papandreou, Andreas 232 tradition 488 Ouspensky, L. 439 Papanikolaou, Aristotle 114–17, translations into Armenian 41 outer-cassock 509 250–254, 302, 473 wealth 510–511 outer learning 364 Papathomas, Gregory 83 witnesses 359 Overbeck, J. J. 25 Papoulakos, Christopheros 229 patronal names 331 Oxford Movement 25 Paradise 354–5 Patsavos, Lewis 85 Oxyrhynchus manuscripts 119–20, paradosis (tradition) 95, 487 Paul VI, Pope 76, 353 122–3 355 Paul of Samosata 248, 334, 375 Paraklitike 339, 356 Paul of Tabenn 16, 20 Pachomian monasteries 20, 120, 223, paramandyas 474 Paul the Silentiary 21 320 Paraskeva, great martyr 310 Paulicianism 62 Pachomius 18, 120 Paris Peace Treaty 74 Pavle, Patriarch 461 pacifism 510 Parousia 103, 356–7 Pavlik, Gorazd 140 Paert, Irina 339–41 Partheneion hymn 259 Pavlos, Father, of Sinai monastic pagan world 176, 320, 393–4 Parthenon (community of virgins) 319 community 176 Pasha of Sarov 211 Parthenon, Athens 36 Pavlov, Alexis 83 paideia (education) 173 particular/universal forms 162 Pec ́ patriarchate 457 Paisii of Hilandar: Slavo-Bulgarian Pascha, Orthodox 61, 77, 180, peace 509 History 70 201, 227 Pearl Merchant parable 477

0002056221.INDD 553 11/8/2013 4:49:11 PM 554 index

Pearson, B. A. 119, 120 Peter, Tsar of Bulgaria 62, 67 Philo of Alexandria 14, 24, 119, 243, 507 Peter I, Emperor 220 300, 354 Pedalion (Rudder of the Church) 82, Peter I (the Great), Tsar Philokalia 362–3 83, 440 and Adrian 406 ecology 161 Peic,́ S. 456 and Anglicanism 25 Jesus Prayer 286 Pelagia 211 and Chinese Emperor 91 Macarian tradition 436 Pelagianism 417 in Finland 203 as Paterikon 337 Pelagius, Pope 427 Khomiakov 293 prayers 369 penitence 109, 195, 381 Old Believers 340 revival 432 pentarchy 179, 360 Spiritual Regulations 314 Romanian translation 473 apostolic sees 392 theological education 174 Russian translation 246, 321, 423 Pentateuch 80 Valamo rebuilt 204 St. Nikodemos 440 Pentecost, Feast of 77, 93, 360 Peter II 16, 18 Philokalia of Origen 362, 418, 428 Pentekostarion 189, 229, 360, 471, Peter III, Melkite Patriarch 16 philosophy 219, 363–5 472, 490 Peter III, Patriarch in Malankara Philotheus, Patriarch of Pentiuc, Eugen I. 286–8, 341–3 Church 305 Constantinople 446 People of the Book 275 Peter III Mongus, Bishop 16 Philoxenus of Mabbug 324 Pequida, Mar 477 Peter IV, Coptic Julianist 16 Phocas riots 447 per filium formula 203 Peter IV, Melkite Patriarch 16 143, 144, 518 Pereira, Matthew J. 13–21, 165–7, Peter of Alexandria, Archbishop 17, Phokas, Seraphim 50, 51 256–7 275, 429 Phos Hilarion 259 Perfects 478 Peter of Damascus 362 Photinianism 96, 375 performance philosophy 210 Peter the Fuller 137, 220 Photinos, Bishop of Sirmium 375 Peric, Dimsho 84 Peter the Iberian 20 Photios, Patriarch of Perichoresis 361 Peter the Martyr 16, 123 Constantinople 353, 399 periodeutai (visiting priests) 92 Petritsi, Ioane 219 Photius, Metropolitan 403 Perov, Vasily Grigorevich: Easter Petritsoni monastery 218 photogogika (hymns of light) 191 Procession in the Country 202 Petros Peloponnesios 23 () 51, 342 Perpendicular architecure 38 Petseri Monastery 182 Phydas, Vlasios 83 Perpetua, and companions 190 Pettis, Jeffrey B. 22, 60–61, 92, 274–5, physeis/hypostasis 128, 132, 333 Perreira, Matthew J. 165–7 332–3, 345–6, 349, 351, 356, physicalist view 146 persecution of Christians 310, 394 375–6 physike ̄ (natural ) 242 see also martyrdom Petur, Khavkhan 66 pietism 451 Persia Phanariot Greeks Pilgrim, Way of the see The Way of the and Armenia 40 Albanian Orthodox 12 Pilgrim and Georgia 215 as bishops 12 pilgrimage churches 281 independence from Antioch 29 Bulgarian Church 71 pilgrimages 282, 336 Syrian Church 28 Constantinople Patriarchate 111, Pimen of Nevrokop 75 persona 333 112 Pitra, Jean-Baptiste François: Iuris personalism, Lossky 301 under Ottoman Yoke 350 ecclesiastici Graecorum historia et personhood patriarchs 30 monumenta 84 Kataphatic views 253 Serbian Orthodox Church 457 Pitsakis, Constantine 83 theology of 94, 253 and Turkish 113 plainchant 327 Yannaras 163 Pharisees 196, 382, 487 Zizioulas 163, 365 Pharmakides, Theokletos 228 Ideas 162, 364 personification 300, 302 346, 361, 507 works Petar II Petrovic ́ Njegos ̌ 458 philanthropy 320, 512 Republic 140, 223 1 Peter 168 Philip, Metropolitan 404 122, 299 2 Peter 147 6 Platon (Rojdestvensky) 514 Peter, Catholicos in Iberia 220 Philip the Arab 419 Platon (Gorodetskii), Bishop of Peter, Metropolitan of Kiev 402 Philippians, Letter to 149, 284 Riga 182, 296

0002056221.INDD 554 11/8/2013 4:49:11 PM index 555

Platonism 31, 134, 422, 523 poverty 88, 511 Protecting Veil 373 Platytera 366, 514 Powers 24 Proterius of Alexandria 16, 20, 125 Plautus 89 praise/love 101 Protestantism Plekon, Michael 108 praxis (active life) 96, 242 Alaska 496 Plested, Marcus 202–3, 363–5, 436 praxis-contemplation-theology 368 baptism 93 Plethon, George Gemistos 364 prayer 368–70 education 229 31 as arrows 285 immigrants to USA 497 pneumatology 169, 248, 469 Evagrios 242 and Orthodox Churches 169, 172, Pneumatomachians 129, 165, 419 monasteries 327 283 pneumatophoroi (Spirit-bearers) 358, monologic 284 pietism 451 375 for the night 61 war 510 Pobedonostsev, K. P. 408 nous/kardia 243 see Proskomedie (Prothesis) poetic homilies 259 psychosomatic techniques 286 374 Pokrov Foundation 75 Prayer Book of Serapion 27 The Protoevangelium of James 483 Poland, Orthodox Church of 114, 285 protology 181, 255 298, 366–7 preachers, itinerant 240 protopsaltes 328, 374 Poland-Lithuania 159, 405, 494 predestination 139, 226 Proverbs, Book of 300 Polish Catholics in Ukraine 493 Pre-Nicene subordinationism 250 psalmody 355 Politian, Melkite Patriarch 16 Pre-Pascha fast 196 psalmoi idiotikoi (personal chants) 259 polyphony 328 presbyteros (elder) 178 Psalms 260, 275, 369 polytheists 275 presbyters 141, 142, 345, 370, 371 Psalms of Thomas 478 Pomazansky, Michael 181 priesthood 370–2 Psalter of Scheia 486 Pommers, Janis 297 Eucharist 105 psaltes (cantor) 374 Pontike, Evagrios 367–8 marriage 404 Psarev, Andrei 79––87, 191–3, 381–2 apophaticism 31, 285 parish 371 Psellos, Michael 76, 364, 474, 482 Coptic Church 124 transmission of 349 Pseudo-Clementine treatise: On Council of Constantinople visiting 92 Virginity 193 II 130–131 Primus (Ephraim) 15 Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite 32 ecology 161 Principalities 24 Pseudo-Gnosis 223 as heterodox 368 Priscilla 518 Pseudo-Macarius 479 as influence 438 Pro Armenis 42 psilanthropism 96, 334, 375 Kephalaia Gnostica 299 processional crosses 135 182 Logos theology 299 Prochorios 271 Pskov, Church of 296 Pontike, Evagrios Proclus, Archbishop of Psychosabbaton 375–6 monasticism 18, 320 Constantinople 484 psychosomatic techniques 286 and Origen 24 Proclus Diadochus 219 Ptolemy: Periplos 6 Philokalia 362 prodigal son parable 381 Ptolemy I Soter 14 prayer 242–3 372 Ptolemy Philadelphus 13 Popasu, Ioan 387 pro-Nestorian theologians 29 Pühtitsa Dormition Convent 183 Popov, Yevgeny Ivanovich 25 prooimion 295 Pulcheria Augusta 47, 127, 128, 166, popovtsy (priestly) 340 proposon (person) 333 508, 519 Poptodorov, Radko 84 proselytism 171, 513 Punic Wars 1 Portaitissa icon 218 prosfora 22 Purgatory 290, 427, 437 portica () 38 Proskomedie (Prothesis) 28, 49, purification 163 Portuguese explorers 304 157, 310, 372–3 purity 144, 464 Portuguese missionaries 304 proskynesis (veneration of icons) 268 Put’ journal 56 Possessors 368 prosomion 272 Pythagoras 299 Possidus 417 prosopon 46, 48, 333, 335 postmodernism 365 hypostasis 253, 254 qenome 48 Potlis, Michael 82, 84 Prosper of Aquitaine 417, 427 Qing emperor 91 Potz, Richard 85 28, 372 Quartodecimans 396

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Quietist movement 241 of 177 Belokrinitskaia Old Believer 165, 267, 377, 419 Harrowing of Hades 136 church 340 see also Trullo, Council in Pascha 201 and Bessarabia 316 Qumran texts 342, 356 saints 238–9 book printing 386 Qur’an 275, 276 salvation 100 calligraphy 386 soteriology 471 canon law 84 Radical Reformers 510 Reunion, Act of 409 communist regime 389 Rakovski, Georgy 71, 72 reunion council 203, 302–3 education 386 Rallis, Constantine 82, 84 reunion synods 160 Great Union 387 Rallis, George 82 Revelation, Book of 23, 239, 369 martyrdom 384 Raška School of architecture 456 rhetoric 2–3, 210–11 monasticism 322, 386 , Prince 190, 453 rhipidion (fan) 346, 383–4 relics 336, 384 Ravenna 427 Rhodes Orthodox meeting 170 religious education 390–1 reader 345 Rhodopoulos, Panteleimon 83 revolutions 387 receptionism 167, 343 Rice, D. 265 rock churches 385 redemption 98, 153, 258 Ridiger, Alexius (Alexius II) 183 Roman Catholic Church 386 Reformation theology 262, 280, Rigo, A. 62 saints 390 283 Riley, Athelstan 25 theologians 391 Reformed Julian calendar 78 Rinvolucri, M. 231 Union of Principalities 387 regula fidei 15, 224, 488 ritual blessing 351 union of Wallachia and Rejoicing, Day of 376 Rizarios ecclesiastical school Moldavia 387 rejoicing/feast days 200 229–30 War of Independence 387 relics 378–80 Roberts, C. 119 World War I 387 exhumation of 379 Robertson, J. N. 283 Romania, Patriarchal Orthodox life cycle for 379 rock-hewn churches 5, 385 Church of 384–91 Romania 385 Rohia Monastery 385 Australasia 50 saints 107, 329, 336 Roma population 390 convent workshop 506 True Cross 137 Roman Catholic Church diaspora 512–13 Religious Tolerance Edict 406 Australasia 49 in other countries reliquary 380 Chrismation 93 388 remarriage for widows 516 Czech lands 140 historic diocesan seats 384, remembrance of death 181 Greek liturgy 154 386–7 renaming, adult converts 331–2 immigrants to USA 497 history of 384 Renovationist movement 409 in Lithuania 297–8 Holy Synod 389 Rentel, Alexander 85 maintaining law of Christ 352 independence 112–13 renunciation 317, 318, 323 and Orthodox Church 283 mass-media technology 391 repentance 381 Poland 367 metropolitan sees 385, 388 death 522 Romania 386–7 National Church Council 389 excommunication 192–3 Serbian Orthodox Church nun 317 judgment 289 and 462 social programs 389, 390 Mary the Harlot, St. 281 Slovakia 140 statistics of 384 public/private 381 transubstantiation 186–7 in USA 499, 500, 502 St. Silouan 447 Trent Council 342 Romanian Academy 389 sign of cross 312 war 510 Representation of the Moscow see also papacy Bessarabia 316 Patriarchate in Roman Empire 1, 166, 178, 190, Dobrotolyubie translation 363 America 502 396–7 Latin influences 384 resurrection 382–3 Romana 217 translations 386, 387 Christ Jesus 235 Romanesque architecture 38 Romanian Orthodox Episcopate, and death 145 Romania 25 USA 168 final judgment 146 after fall of Constantinople xvii Romanos I Lecapenos 67

0002056221.INDD 556 11/8/2013 4:49:11 PM index 557

Romanos the Melodist see St. Slavophile movement 293 Recluse; St. Tikhon Romanos the Melodist of Troubles 405–6 (Belavin) Romanov Empire 57, 408 Ukraine 405 Russian Bible Society 311–12 Romanov family 358, 379–80, 405, urbanization 408 Russian Chronicle 190 424 see also Soviet Union Russian Church, Council of 192 Rome, Ancient Patriarchate Russia, Patriarchal Orthodox Russian Orthodox Church Outside of of 392–9 Church of 277, 401–11 Russia 336, 409, 514–15 and Alexandria 111, 124 Anglican Church and 515 Russian Orthodox Greek Catholic and Antioch 30 autocephaly 405–6 Church (Metropolia) 499 Christianity 392–3 and Bolsheviks 204 Russian Orthodox Synod 297 Constantine 397 canon law 83–5 Russian Religious Renaissance 56 and Constantinople 128–9, 397 410 Russian Revolution Coptic Orthodoxy 156125 charity 408 aftermath 25–6 Council of Aachen 203 in China 91 Berdiaev 56 doctrinal innovation resisted 396 church schools 407 diaspora of Russian Orthodox 450, Eastern Catholic Churches 159–60 Constantinople 403 513 in hierarchy 13–14 deaconesses 144 Finland 204 house church 397 diaspora49–50, 85, 114, 512–13, 515 Florovsky 209 martyrdom 393–4 in Estonia 181–3 imperial family 238 organization of Christianity funeral 145 Japanese Orthodox Church 279 394–7 in Georgia 213, 221 Kazakhstan 393 and Orthodox Church 353 Great Reforms 407 Latvia 297 paganism 393–4 hesychast teachings 246 monasteries destroyed 322 pope 179 history and standing 401 Orthodox Bishops in China 91 St. Gregory the Great 426 iconography 267, 403 persecution of churches 336 400–1 independence 404–5 theological education after 174 Rufinus: Conversion of Kartli 215 Jesus Prayer 284, 286 Ukraine 494 Runciman, S. 62, 160–1 liturgical calendar 485 see also Bolshevik Revolution Rus, baptism of 190 Living Church movement 499 Russian school of theology 114–15 Rus, Constantine 84 Lossky 301–2 Russian Sophiology 115 Rus, Siege of 442 miracles 314–15 Russian Symbolists 208 Russell, D. S. 356 missions 181, 203–5, 278, 296–7 Russo-Japanese War 279 Russia monasticism 204, 321, 363, Russo-Polish War 405 after fall of Constantinople xvii 403, 409 Russo-Swedish war 204 and Armenia 40 musical traditions 328–9 Russo-Turkish Wars 70, 71 Bolshevik Revolution 401, 409 Old Believers 339–41 183, 494 in Bulgaria 72 parish closures 408 Ruzicich, Nikanor 84 in China 91 post-Soviet 410 Civil War 409, 450 Protecting Veil 373 Sabaic language 6 conquering Estonia 182 St. Sergius of Radonezh 445 Sabbata days 376 education 174 Social Contract Document 410 Sabellius 248, 300 émigrés 409 Soviet period 409–10 sacraments February Revolution 424 and state 406–9 anointing of the sick 26–7 in Georgia 221 synodial period 406–9 Church 102–3 and Moldova, Republic of 316 theological schools 408 Jesus Prayer 246 Nazism 193, 410 trinitarian theology 252 mysteries 103 October Revolution 221 Turkestan 292 representation 134 and Ottoman Empire 71–2 and Ukraine 494, 495 salvation 103 Reunion, Act of 409 in USA 498–9 seven 330 serfs freed 407 see also Old Believers; St. sacrifice 22–3, 153 Silver Age 63–4 Theophan (Govorov) the Sadhona 28

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Saguna, Andrei 84, 387 and St. Basil 418 Parousia 357 Said, Edward: Orientalism 347–8 works philosophy 363–4 St. Alexis of Wilkes-Barre 498 Against the Arians 97 St. Gregory Palamas on 149 St. Alypius 4 Against the Hellenes 162–3 St. on 448–9 St. Ambrose 345, 359 De decretis 133 on sin 381 St. Amphilokios 87, 224, 428 De Incarnatione 150, 257–8 social programs 107 St. Andrei Rublev 265, 403, De Synodis 165 on virgins 507–8 412–13, 481 Letter to Marcellinus 369 works St. Andrew, Apostle 214, 384, 398, 491 Letters to Serapion 249, 415 Asceticon 418 St. Andrew of Crete 79, 332–3 Life of St. Antony of Egypt 18, Hexaemeron 419 St. Andrew the Fool 485 107, 318–19, 359, 413, 415 Moralia 418 St. Andrew’s Press 52 On the Synods 98 On the Holy Spirit 102, 169, St. Andronikos 336 39th Festal Letter 342 249, 419, 489 St. 438, 472 St. Augustine of Hippo 415–18 Philokalia 362, 418 St. Anthonii Pecherskii 402 chiliasm 181 St. Basil’s Cathedral, Moscow 210, St. Antony, Monastery of 118, 152, Christology 128 211 347, 352 Donatists 4–5, 489 St. Basil’s Homes 51 St. Antony of Egypt (the filioque clause 252 St. Benedict 427, 432 Great) 413–14 on monologic prayer 284–5 St. Catherine’s Monastery 36, 37, Athanasius on 18, 319 naming of 331 126–7, 264, 265, 465, 465, elder as guide 246 original sin 289, 348–9, 416–17 466, 467–8 as eremite 120, patristics 359 St. Charalampos 379 icon 413 philosophy 363–4 St. Charbal 329 nature as book 161 works St. 13, 14, 15, St. Antony’s cave 414 City of God 2, 5, 417 33, 102 St. Arseni of Ikalto 84, 217 Confessions 2, 416 apophaticism 31 St. 242–3, 320 On Christian Doctrine 2 on education 173 St. Athanasia of Aegina 521 On the Holy Trinity 2, 417 on Eucharist 186 St. Athanasios of Paros 294–5, 365 St. Bacchus 37 female deacons 143 St. Athanasius of St. Barbara, great martyr 310, 424 gnosis 222, 223–4 Alexandria 414–15 St. Barnabus of Salamis 137 Logos 300 African Orthodoxy 6, 7 St. 175–6, 423, 435, mystical darkness 243 Alexandrian Patriarchate 13, 16, 17 452–3 on Pantaenus 123 anti-Arian 39, 300 St. Bartholomew, Apostle 40, 214 Parousia 356 canon of scripture 224 St. Basil, Fool for Christ 210, 211 philosophy and theology 123, on Christ 99 St. Basil of Akarnania 336 363–4 Christian truth 239–40 St. Basil of Caesarea (Basil the pro-Judaism 287 creation 163 Great) 418–19 Stromateis 356 desert fathers 151 and Antioch 29 on wealth 511 Great Lavra 218 as authoritative father 359 St. 456, 491 on Holy Spirit 249 as Cappadocial Father 87 St. Clement of Rome, Pope 359, 393, on Holy Trinity 250–1 on Christ 98 395, 396, 453, 488 idolatry 523 Council of Nicea I 133 St. Constantine (Cyril) 66, 190, on incarnation 99, 273 on education 173 453, 455, 491 and John the Iberian 217–18 Epiclesis 178 St. Constantine the Emperor 310, legacy of 87 exorcism 194 335, 419–20 Logos theology 274, 301 on Holy Trinity 166, 251 St. Cosmas 238, 503 as name 331 liturgy 154–5 St. Cyprian of Carthage 102 nature of Christ 472 monasticism 319, 320–1 St. Cyril of Alexandria 420–2 on pagan cults 522 naming of 331 Christology 19, 20, 46, 97, 128, on relics 378 Nicene Creed 418 130, 166, 421–2

0002056221.INDD 558 11/8/2013 4:49:11 PM index 559

and Coptic followers 124 St. Eudokimos 336 Five Theological Orations 29, 87, Coptic party 16 St. Eusebius of Samosata 29, 418, 249 Council of Chalcedon 166 429 Life of Athanasius 359 Council of Ephesus 124 St. Eustathius of Antioch 220 The Life of Moses 243, on Eucharist 186 St. Euthymius the Great 321 357 florilegia 359 St. Filaret (Philaret) Drozdov 83, Orations on the Lights 55 incarnation 13–14, 274 345, 425–6 Philokalia 362 Jewish influences 119 St. Francis 164 St. Gregory of Nyssa on Jewish rioting 288 St. Fulgentius 5 after Origen 522 Logos theology 300 St. George 312, 379 apophaticism 31 Mia Physis 41, 324–5, 347 St. George, Church of 110, 112, as Cappadocian Father 87 missionary work 401 503–4 celibacy 463 natures of Christ 334 St. George, Martyr 310 charity 89 and Nestorius 132, 166, 421 St. George Lalibela church 2 on Christ 98 Parousia 357 St. George the Chozebite 281 grace 226 relics of 336 St. German 204 Great Catechism 185 Theotokos title 19, 484 St. Gregory of Khandzta on Holy Spirit 249 Twelve Anathemas 125 216–18 on Holy Trinity 251 unmercenary saints 504 St. Gregory of Nazianzus judgment 290 works (Gregory the on Macrina 518–19 Letter to Succensus 99 Theologian) 428–30 on Mary 485 Third Letter to Nestorius 46 on angels 24 and St. Basil 419 St. 53, 93, 98, apophaticism 31 St. Gregory of Sinai 245, 246, 285, 105, 108, 178 on baptism 330 362 St. Cyrus 336, 504 Bible studies 58 St. Gregory Palamas 430 St. Damian 238, 503–4 canon of scripture 224 adaptations of writings 440 St. Daniel the 322 as Cappadocian Father 87 and Barlaam 55, 226 St. Daniel the Stylite 475 on Christ 98 in captivity 276 St. Demetrios 312 city monks 321 creature/Uncreated 197 St. Denys 422 on Diogenes 210–11 deification 149 St. Diadochus of Photice 244, 245, Father and Son 98 essence–energies distinction 116, 285, 362, 436 on Holy Spirit 249, 488 302 St. Dimitrios, Martyr 310 on Holy Trinity 251, 300 filioque 203 St. Dimitrios of Thessalonike 329 hospital building plans 418 on hesychasts 245 St. Diodore of Tarsus 479 incarnation 273 Jesus Prayer 285 St. Dionysius Exiguus 384 liturgy 154–5 Meyendorff on 246 St. Dionysius the mysticism of light 243 patristic thought 358–9 Areopagite 422–3 naming of 331 in Philokalia 362–3 St. Dorotheos of Gaza 423, 452 nature of Christ 472 philosophy 364 St. Elizabeth the Wonderworker 521 on Origen 428 repentance 381 St. Elizaveta Feodorovna 358, Paradise 354, 355 St. Dionysius the Areopagite 422 424 Parousia 357 St. Macarius 436 St. 425 philosophy 364 on silence and prayer 435 chastity prayer 89 on St. Athanasius 18, 415 Sophia 469–70 on Diatessoron 478 on St. Basil 418, 428 Triads in Defence of the Hesychasts 56 hymns 260, 477 school texts 173 St. Gregory the Great, Pope on Mary, Mother of God 102 at Seleucia 518 426–8 Paradise 355 sister Gorgonia 519 on Augustine 417, 426, 427 relics of Thomas 304 succeeding Meletius 166 Presanctified Liturgy 189–90, 428 translated into Armenian 41 works Treatise on Pastoral Care 371 St. Epiphanius of Salamis 321 Apology for Flight 371 works

0002056221.INDD 559 11/8/2013 4:49:12 PM 560 index

St. Gregory the Great, Pope (cont’d) St. John Cassian 432–3 on icons 134, 269–71 Dialogues 427 desert fathers 151, 320 on Islam 276 Magna Moralia in Job 427 Eucharist 187 Mar Saba 282–3 Pastoral Rule 427 miracles 314 mystery 330 St. Gregory the Illuminator 40, 378 and Pontike 368 Paraklitike 339, 356 St. Gregory the Wonderworker 381 from Scythia Minor 384 patristics 56, 358 St. Helena, Empress 137, 518 works Perichoresis 361 St. Herman of Alaska 191, 496 Conferences 423 philosophy 364 St. Hilarion of Gaza 321 On the Incarnation of repentance 522 St. Hippolytus 177–8, 181 God 132 reputation 42 St. Ignatius Brianchaninov 239, St. John Chrysostom 433–4 sacraments 103 246, 314, 431, 441 Ambo 21 St. Dionysius the Areopagite 422 St. Ignatius of Antioch 516 Antioch school 28–9 saints 107 St. Innocent of Alaska 164, 191 asterisk 49 and Umayyad Caliph 276 St. Irenaeus of Lyons celibacy 463 works on apostolic succession 241, 395 Church as fulfillment of Christ 105 The Fount of Knowledge 276 apostolicity 33–4, 105 cult of saints 107 Treatise on the Orthodox Christian truth 239–40 deposed 421 Faith 154 Eucharist 103 desert fathers and mothers 151 St. John of the Ladder see St. John evangelism 487 Eucharist 103 Klimakos Father/Son 98 female deacons 143 St. see St. John the gnosis 222, 223 Goths 491 Forerunner Holy Spirit 257 on India 304 St. , Apostle on Holy Trinity 250 liturgy 87, 154–5 crucifixion 135 Holy Word of God 196–7 miracles 313, 314 letters of 240 Logos 99 Old Testament 342 love of God 302 millenarianism 181 Parousia 357 Mary, Mother of God 483 Orthodox ecclesiology 102 punished 240 Polycarp 33 Paradise 355 and Theophilus 18–19 relics of 336 Pseudo-Gnosis 223–4 war 509 transfiguration of Christ 149 regula fidei 224 on wealth 512 St. John the Forerunner 247, 281, 483 scriptures, canon 224 works St. John the Theologian 147 tradition 487, 488 Eight Homilies Against the St. John (Innocent) Veniaminov 496 works Jews 287–8 St. John Vladimir 358 Against Heresies 24, 33, 96–7, Homilies 433–4 St. John’s Gospel 95, 147, 225, 248, 185–6, 355, 393, On the Holy Spirit 87 256, 382–3 395, 487 On the Priesthood 371 St. John’s Monastery, Patmos 374 Demonstration of the St. John Klimakos 152, 175–6, 184, St. Jonah’s skete 493 Apostolic 285, 435–6 St. Joseph of Volokolamsk 322 Preaching 33, 41 Ladder of Divine Ascent 244, 423, St. Junia 336 St. Isaac of Nineveh see St. Isaac the 435–6, 466 St. Justin Martyr Syrian To the Shepherd 435 apostolic succession 33 St. Isaac the Great (Sahak) 41 St. John Koukouzeles 328 Christian truth 239–40 St. Isaac the Syrian 28–9, 100, 163, St. John of Antioch 28–9, 124 eschatology 181 164, 289, 432, 472, 479, 522 St. John of Damascus 434–5 Eucharist 189 St. Isidor of Rostov 211 canon 79 Logos school 300 St. James, Apostle 149, 178 on Eucharist 188 Parousia 356 St. Jerome 120–1, 368, 417 filioque 203 partakers of the Word 522–3 St. John, and St. funeral hymn 146 philosophy 363–4 Barsanuphius 423, 452 hymn to Mary 487 in Rome 393–4 St. John, unmercenary 504 on iconography 263, 268 social services 396

0002056221.INDD 560 11/8/2013 4:49:12 PM index 561

works per filium formula 203 Slavonic translations 246, 362 Dialogue with Trypho 193, 287, in Philokalia 362 St. Panteleimon 379 356 philosophy 364 St. Paraskeva 379 First Apology 356 prayer 285 St. 336 St. Kosmas of Jerusalem 79 punished 240 St. Paul, Apostle St. Lazarus of Mt. Galesios 476 St. Macarius 436 bishops 178 St. Leo the Great 186 Sophia 469–70 body as temple 256 St. Leonid 345 and Sophronius 276 chastity 89 St. Luke, Apostle 6, 238 transfiguration 56 on the Church 101–2 St. Luke the Stylite 476 St. Merkourios 312 to Colossians 258 St. Luke’s Gospel 88, 225, 369, 382–3 St. Mesrob Mashtots 41 conversions 35 St. Macarius 436 St. Methodios 66, 83, 140, 401, 453, crucifixion 135 Coptic Orthodoxy 124 455, 491 custodian role of law 341 Optina 345 St. Nektarios 144 Epistle to Romans 518 works St. Neophytos monastery 138–9 gospel 225 Great Letter 120, 436, 479 St. Nerses 40–1 humanity 257 Spiritual Homilies 120, 479 St. Nerses IV 42 and Jews 287 St. 362, 365 St. Niceta the Roman 384 law in time of faith 269 St. 320 St. Nicholas Anapausas, Monastery laying on of hands 345 St. Macrina 87, 320, 428, 507–8, of 312 Letter to the Romans 53, 518–19 St. Nicholas Cabasilas 103, 143, 392–3 St. Mamas monastery 447–8 438 on marriage 309 St. Mark, Apostle 15, 119 St. Nicholas of Myra 439 missions in Greece 227 St. Mark of Ephesus 290, 364, 437, St. Nicholas of Sion 439 on misuse of God-given 454 St. Nicholas the endowments 364 St. Mark of Pechersky Lavra 337 Wonderworker 438–9 on Old Testament 286–7 St. Mark the Monk 436 St. Nikita the Stylite 476 on Phoebe 143 St. Mark’s Cathedral, 21 St. Nikodemos of the Holy prayer 369 St. Mark’s Gospel 95, 225, 378 Mountain 246, 286, 362, remains 394 St. Maron 306–7 363 on resurrection 382–3 St. Mary Pammakaristos 109–10 St. Nikodemos the Hagiorite 440 rival teachers 240 St. Mary the Harlot 281, 520 canon law 85 in Rome 392 St. Mary the Younger 521 Enlightenment ideas 365 St. Mary/Marinos 520 St. Mary/Marinos 520 Kollyvadic Fathers 294–5 tradition 487–8 St. Matrona of Perge 520 works transformed 149 St. Matthew, Apostle 33, 511 Pedalion 82 widows 516 St. Matthew’s Gospel 28, 190, 225, Synodicon sive Pandecta 84 St. Peter, Apostle 282–3, 398 St. Nikolai Kasatkin 278–80 Antioch 28 St. Matthias, Apostle 214 St. Nil Sorskii 246, 322, 338, 368, 404, as “Bishop” of Rome 397 St. Maximos the Confessor 437–8 423 on Christ 135, 149 Council of Constantinople III 131, St. Nino 214–15 divine nature 147 166 St. Olga 492 martyrdom 119 creation 162–3 St. Pachomius 87, 120–1, 124, 319 monumental church for 397 darkness 244 St. Paisius 164 Pentecost 238 and Dionysius 422 St. Paisy Velichovsky 440–1 and pope 353 Evagrios 368 hesychast revival 365, 423 in Rome 392, 393 Greek/Latin theology 352 monasticism 204–5 shrine to 394 on liturgy 104 Newly Revealed Saints 336 transfiguration of Christ 149 Logos theology 299, 300 Optina 343, 365, 431 on wealth 511 Monothelitism 326 patristics 322 St. Peter’s Cathedral, Rome 397 Paradise 355 on St. Isaac 432 St. Phanourios 310, 336

0002056221.INDD 561 11/8/2013 4:49:12 PM 562 index

St. Photios the Great 81, 203, 252, St. Theodore the Studite 134, Sakellaropulos, Melitios 82–3 358–9, 442, 491 268–70, 321, 419, 423, Sakharov, Sergey Symeonovich see St. Polycarp 33–4, 359 448–9, 452 Sophrony, Archimandrite St. Prokopios 310, 312 St. Theodore the Tyro monastery 217 346, 361, 507 St. Raphael of Brooklyn 25, St. Theodoret of Cyr 28–9, 46, 47, Salinger, J. D.: Franny and Zoey 498–9 128 365 St. Romanos the Melodist 11, 28, on Cyril 325 salvation 471–2 443 History of the Monks of Syria 478 Bible 148 hymns of 235 St. Theophan (Govorov) the Christ 100 St. Saba 282 Recluse 246, 363, 365, deification 150 St. Sabas 217, 321–2 423, 441, 449–50 Eucharist 104 St. Sava 83, 354, 455, 457 Dobrotolyubie 363 Holy Spirit 290 St. 164, 191, St. Thomais of Lesbos 521 incarnation 272–3 246, 258, 322, 343–4, 363, St. Thomas, Apostle 477, 483 sacraments 103 441, 444–5 St. 226, 364, 422, Samuel 195–6 St. Sergius 37, 204 454, 510 San Francisco 497 St. Sergius of Radonezh 193, 322, St. Thomas the Twin 476–7 San Stefano Peace Treaty 72, 73 403, 412, 445–6 St. Tikhon (Belavin) 182, 367, 409, Sandu, Dan 262–3, 307–9, 332, 400–1, St. Sergius Orthodox Theological 450–1, 450, 498–9, 514–15 481–2 Institute 174, 209 St. Tikhon of Zadonsk 451–2 Sapca, Radu 387 St. Shushaniki 219 St. Tikhon’s Orthodox Humanitarian Sarah 237 St. Silouan of Athos 290, 446–7, University 83–4 Sardica, Council of 92, 167, 191–2 470, 522 St. Tikhon’s Seminary 174, 500 sarkothenta (made flesh) 273 St. Silvanus 321 St. Tryphon 379 Sarov Hermitage 205 St. Simeon 455 St. Vigilius 5 Sarum liturgy 154 see also St. Sava St. Vladimir’s Orthodox Theological Satan 62 St. Simeon the Stylite 323, 475 School 500 Satanael 62 St. Simeon the Younger 475 St. Vladimir’s Seminary 174, 209 Saturninus 1 St. Sophia Cathedral, Kiev 492 St. Walfroy of Carignan 475 Saul 93, 149 St. Stephen of Perm 191 St. Xenia of Petersburg 211 Saunders, D. 405 St. Stephen the Protomartyr 281 St. Zosima 164 Savior Akataleptos Monastery 55 St. Symeon, Holy Fool 211 Saint-Félix, Council of 63 Savior in Chora Church 136, 158 St. Symeon the New saint’s day 332 Savonarola, Girolamo 309 Theologian 447–8 saints Sawabe, Paul 278 adaptations of writings 440 communion of 102, 106–8 Sayings of the Desert Fathers see conscious experience 244–5 cult of 169 Apophthegmata Patrum divine light 55 feasts 200 Sayings of the Elders 151 on Elders 176 female 359 Scetis monks 124, 320 and Evagrios 368 hagiographies 235–6 Schaff, P. 181 mysticism 444 holiness 107 schism 16 patristics 358–9 Holy Spirit 271 Schleiermacher, Friedrich 434 prayer 246, 285 military 312–13 Schmemann, Alexander 26, 53, 94, St. John Klimakos 435 relics 329, 336, 378, 379 104, 116, 145, 170 Spiritual Fatherhood doctrine 448 resurrection 238–9 Schminck, Andreas 85 and Stephatos 474 Romania 390 Schnieper, A. 351 St. Symeon the Stylite 217, 479 transvested 520 Scholarios, George St. Theodora 519–20 women 107 (Gennadios) 349, 350, St. Theodore Stratelates (the see also Megalomartyr Saints; 364, 432–3, 454 General) 310, 313 Myrobletes Saints; Newly Scholastics 162 St. Theodore the Recruit Revealed Saints; Stylite scholia (notes on the canon) 82 310, 312 Saints; Unmercenary Saints Scillitan Christians 2

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SCOBA (Standing Conference of Ottoman and Habsburg Shevzov, Vera 176, 313–15, 373 Canonical Orthodox rules 456–8 Shintoism 523 Bishops in America) 501, patriarch in Czechoslovakia 140 Shio of Mgvime 216 502 Phanariot Greeks 458 Shishman, Ivan, Tsar 68 Scripture 57–8, 156 reunification 458 Shoah 288 Scythia Minor 384 rifts healed 502 shurjar (priestly ) 43 Scythians 491 and Roman Catholic Church 462 Siberia 191 Second Ecumenical Council 13, 29, St. Sava 455 sickness 193, 236 39, 111 Slavonic language 455 Siecienski, A. Edward 76–7, 139, see also Council of in USA 499 159–60, 302–3, 437, 438, Constantinople I (381) Ustaša regime 459 454, 482 Seelisberg meeting 288 Serbian–Bulgarian War 73 Sigismund III 159 Seleucia-Ctesiphon 48 Sergey (Voskresenskii), Bishop 297 Sigismund of Poland 139 self-begotten term 122 Sergey Stragorodskii, Metropolitan of sign of cross 312 self-denial 323 Moscow 410 Silk Road 48, 90–1, 292 self-immolation 340 Sergiev Posad Academy 400 Silko, King 10 self-mortification 322 Sergii, Metropolitan of Japan 279 Simbata de Sus monastery 318 self-revelation of God 252 Sergius, Metropolitan of Church of Simeon, elder 369 self-sacrifice 44, 153, 308 Russia 499 Simeon of Bulgar 66, 67 semandron 454 Sergius, Patriarch, ROCOR 514 Simon I 16 seminaries, Armenian Church 43 Sergius, Patriarch of Simon the Canaanite 214 Sentences of Sextus 223 Constantinople 11, 325–6 Simon the Pharisee 93 separatists 96–7 Sergius II, Patriarch of Simons, Menno 510 58, 60, 119, 235, 342, 354 Constantinople 131, 447 simony 229, 232–3 Serapeum of Alexandria 36 Seridos, Abbot 423 Simplicianus, priest 416 Seraphim, Archbishop 231 Sermon on the Mount 225 sin Seraphim Rose, Fr. 354 Services of the Hours 153 confession 187 , Temple of 14 Ševcenko,̌ I. 439 exorcism 193 Serbia Ševcenko,̌ N. P. 439 Fall 163 conversion to Christianity 455–6 Seventh Ecumenical Council 81, 141, humanity 257 emigrants to USA 500 263, 268, 519 illness 26 Great Migration 457 see also Council of Nicea II (787) remission of 188 independent state 458 Severus of Antioch 20, 41, 324 sickness 236 Ottoman and Habsburg rule 456–8 sexual abstention 195 therapy 472 World War II 459–60 sexual ethics 463–4 see also original sin Serbia, Patriarchal Orthodox sexuality Sinai xvii. 217, 467 Church of 454–63 appetites 89 Sinai, Autocephalous Church of 283, and Albanian Church 12 female 144 465–8 in Australasia 50, 51 human nature 463–4 Sinai encaustic 351 canon law 84 marriage 309, 464 Sinaya Monastery 242 communist rule 460 Shaizana 6–7 Sinkiewicz, R. W. 430 cultural heritage 456 Shamanism 523 sinlessness 433 geographic spread 454 Shapur II 425 Sirmium, Council of 375 iconography 266 Sharia law xvii Sis Council 42 independence 112–13 Shchapov, Iaroslav 83–4 Sisinnios II, Patriarch 447–8 interethnic violence 460 Shehadie, Nicholas 50 Sistine Chapel 399 Kosovo 461 Shenouda III, Pope 20–1, 347 Sitka 496 Metohija 461 Shenoute of Atripe 124, 320 Six Psalms 247 monasticism 455 Shepherd of Hermas 102, 284, 395, Skedros, James C. 227–34 nationalism 454 396–7, 511 skepticism 208 New Martyrs 336 Sheptytsky, Andrew 159–60 Skete Paterikon 337

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Sketes 321, 327 Sol Invictus cult 420 Georgia 213, 221 Skhariia 404 Solea 21, 44 Moldova 316 Skleros, 218 solitaries, monasticism 120 New Martyrs 336 Skobtsova, Maria see Mother Maria Solomonic line of kings 8 Old Believers 340 Skobtsova Solomon’s prayer 369 Red Army 73–4, 222 skopos (intentionality) 488 Solovyov, Vladimir 294, 468–9 Ukraine 494 skoupho (hat) 292 and Dostoevsky 158 Sozomenos 260 Slavic Greek Latin Academy 174 on failed theocracies 468 Spanish Inquisition 404 Slavic lands 83 humanity of God 115 Spasovic, Stanimir 85 Slavic Orthodoxy as influence 310 Special Commission on Orthodox confession 109 Logos theology 301 Participation, WCC 171 iconography 163 and papacy 353 spelaia (caves) 327 philosophy 365 Sophiology 252, 301 Speratus, Holy Martyr 1 prosphora 372 works Spiritual Collegium 406 Sts. Constantine (Cyril) and Brockhaus-Ephron Encyclopedic spirituality Methodios 453 Dictionary 468 Byzantine theology 161 Slavonic language Justification of the Good 469 desert fathers and mothers 161 Bible 404 Lectures on Godmanhood 468 discernment 96 Bulgaria 70 The Meaning of Love 469 divisions of 242 Lithuania 297 Spiritual Foundations of practice 163 Moravia 453 Life 468 Syrian Orthodox Church 479 Romania 384 Solzhenitsyn, Alexander: Gulag Stalin, Joseph 410, 514 Serbian Orthodoxy 456 Archipelago 207 Stan, Liviu 84 translations 83, 401, 440 Sophia Standing Conference of Canonical see also Church Slavonic; Old Bulgakov 63 Orthodox Bishops in America Church Slavonic ecology 163 (SCOBA) 501, 502 Slavonic Mission 66–7 Gnostics 223 Standing Council of Canonical Slavophile movement 293, 363 homoousion 252 Orthodox Churches in Slavs 65, 66 hypostasis 223 Australia 50 Slipyj, Josyf 160 and Logos 97, 300, 469 Staniloae,̆ Dumitru 116, 164, 226, Slovakia 140 see also Wisdom Books 363, 391, 473 Slovakian Orthodox Church 140 Sophiology 469–70 starchestvo 363 Smederevo, fall of 457 Bulgakov 117, 301 Stark, R. 397 Smolich, I. K. 408 Lossky on 115–16 state processions 155 Smyrna, relocation of Christians 230 opposed 209 Stavropegic Monastery of St. John the Sobornost (catholicity) 105 Solovyov 115, 252 Baptist 470, 515 Social Contract Document 410 Sophronius, Patriarch of Stavrophore 473–4 social programs 107, 390, 396 Jerusalem 276, 504 stavrotheotokion 323 Social Trinity 253 Sophronius III, Patriarch 72 Steenberg, M. C. 28, 38–40, 44–5, Society of Canon Law of the Eastern Sophrony, Archimandrite 290, 446, 89–90, 151–2, 152, 185–9, Churches 85 470–1 255–8, 263, 348–9, 377, 505–6 Society of Lovers of Religious sophrosyne 337 Stefan, Exarch 74 Instruction 83 soteriology 96, 99, 170, 289, 471–2 Stefan of Veliko Turnovo 75 Society of Sts. Alban and Sergius 515 Sotir Brotherhood of Theologians 233 stem cells 60 Socrates in frescoes 523 Soumakis, F. 170 Stephan of Ephesus: Synopsis 83 Sofroni of Vratsa 70 Sourozh diocese 514 Stephen, Catholicos 42 Sofronie, monk 386 Soviet Union Stephen of Ephesus 81 Sokollu, Mehmet Pasa̧ 457 collapse of 26 Stepinac, Alojzije 459 Sokolov, John 83 Czechoslovakia 140 Stethatos, Niketas 161, 249, 474 Sokolov, Timothy see St. Tikhon of Estonia 182 475, 506–7 Zadonsk and Finland 204, 205 stichera (stanzas) 32, 260

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Sticheron 475 Syntagma in 14 Titles 81 Temple of St. Sava 457, 460 Stoglav Council 412 Syntagma of the Divine and Sacred , sky-god 65 Stoics 299 Canons 82 Tent of Meeting 274 Strabo 10 Syriac Christians 276, 292, 368, 425, Teoctist Arapasu, Patriarch 388 Stragorodskii, Sergii 193, 410 477–9, 507 Terentii 211 Stratismir, Ivan 68 Syriac-speaking churches 30, 154 teretismata 328 Stratophilos, Bishop 214 Syrian Eastern Catholics 29 Tertullian Studenica monastery 456 Syrian Orthodox (Antiochan) Christology 128 Studion, Constantinople 217 Church 502 Gnosticism 222–4 Studios Monastery 321 Syrian Orthodox Churches 476–9 as influence 103, 359, 491 Stylianopoulos, Theodore G. 57–8, and Armenian 40 Logos school 300 224–6, 342, 368–70, 382–3 ascetic fathers 216, 512 public confession 109 Stylianos, Archbishop 50, 51 association/union 325 on Trinity 249 Stylite Saints 323, 475–6, 478 celibacy 478 widows 516 345 and Chalcedon 128 works Subev, Christopher 75 Christology 333 Against Hermogenes 3 Suetonius 392 Egypt and 120 Against Marcion 3 Sufism 286, 292 Hawaweeny 25 Against Praxeas 3 Sugar, P. 457 hierarchs 111 The Apology 3 Sundays, intercalated 78 Holy Fools 479 Testament of the Spirit 57 supersessionism 341 icons 477 Tetragrammaton 199 suppressionism, theological 287 305 tetrapodion (four-legged table) 22 Sūryayē ̄ 476 missions 29 Teutonic Knights 42, 296, 297 Suvorov, Nicholas 83 monasticism 318, 322–3 Thaddeus, Apostle 40 Svan language 213 and Oriental Orthodox 45, 159 thanksgiving 154, 155 Svetitskhoveli Cathedral 220 poetic synopses of Scripture 29 see also Eucharist Sviatopolk, Prince of Rus 358 spiritual struggle within 479 thauma (sign of wonder) 238, 314, Sweden 203–4 stylites 475 329, 336 Sydney 49–50, 51 in USA 499 see also miracles Sylvester, Pope 397 Syro- 154 Thecla 518 Symbolical Books (Jeremias II) 280 Theodora, Empress 10, 76, 126, 131, Symeon, Archimandrite 290 taboos, food/hygiene 341 263, 269, 519 Symeon Magistros 81 Tabot 9 Theodore, Coptic Patriarch 16 Symeon Metaphrastes 236 Tacitus 394 Theodore Balsamon 220 Synagogue in 50 Titles 81 Taft, R. 155 Theodore II 16 translations 83 Taiwan 92 Theodore of Mopsuestia synagogues attacked 287 Talbot, A. M. 520 and 40, 42 Synaxarion 11, 86, 218, 236, 360 Tall Brothers 18, 434 and Assyrian Church 46 Synaxis 156–7 Tamrat, T. 8 Council of Constantinople II 130 Syncletica 120 Tanakh 341 female deacons 143 Synek, Eva 85 Tang dynasty 91 heterodoxy 375 synergia 436 Tarasius, Patriarch 268, 519 Nestorianism 333–5 synergy 150, 226 Tartu 181, 182 patristics 28, 359 synetheia (customary law) 80 Tat’evaci, Gregory: Book of reputation in lifetime 335 synkatabasis 58, 99 Questions 42 Syrian Orthodox Churches 479 Synod of the Russian Church in Tatian: Diatessoron 478 Theodore of Pharas 326 Diaspora 409 tautotes tes ousias 17 Theodore the Interpreter see Theodore synodical system 241, 488 Tawatha Monastery 423 of Mopsuestia Synodicon sive Pandecta 84 at-Ț ̦ayyıb,̄ ‘Abd Allah̄ ibn 276 Theodore the Scribe 16 Synodikon of Orthodoxy 62, 364 Tbilisi 217 Theodoret of Cyrrhus 130, 143, 503 synoptic gospels 190 Telegraful Roman 390 Theodosian Code 378

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Theodosius, Coptic Patriarch 16 Theotokos, the Blessed Tornike 218 Theodosius (Nagashima), Bishop 280 Virgin 483–7 Toronto, WCC 168 Theodosius I, Emperor 18, 124, 129, burning bush analogy 465 Toronto Statement 170 165, 429 Council of Constantinople totalitarianism 57 Theodosius II, Emperor II 130–1 trade routes 9, 10 Augusta Pulcheria 519 Council of Ephesus 166 Traditio Apostolica 516 Council of Ephesus 47 festivals of 200–2 tradition 487–9 on Councils of Ephesus 128 Nativity of 332–3 Trajan, Emperor 119, 384 death of 127 Nestorius 46, 132, 334, 484 transcendence 116, 160, 197 on Jews 287 Pulcheria 519 transfiguration 149, 200 and Nestorius 132, 334 Theotokos Evergetes monastery 337 Transfiguration, Cathedral of 205 Photinus 375 Thessaloniki representatives 172 Transfiguration, Feast of 149 Theodosius of Rostov 404 Thessaly 229 transubstantiation 23, 186 Theodoti 300 Thielman, F. S. 357 transvested 520 Theognostus, Metropolitan 403 Third Ecumenical Council 19, 334 Transylvania 387 Theoktiste of Lesbos 521 see also Council of Ephesus (431) Transylvania, Church of 386 theologia (contemplation of God) 242 Thoma I, Mar 305 Trastevere, Jewish Quarter 392 Theological Institute of St. Thomas, Apostle 90, 238, 304 Trdat IV, King of Armenia 40 Sergius 515 Thomas, Archdeacon 305 Trebnik (Book of Needs) 299 theological schools 114, 174, 231, 272, Thomas, Stephen 147–50, 226–7, Trembelas, Panayiotis 233 408, 500 430–431, 471–2 Trent, Council of 342, 438 theologoumenon 397, 398 Thomas, Tenny 108–109, 304–306, triadikon 260 theology 317–324, 333–5, 433–4, 506–7 Trimorphic Protennoia 31 apophatic 116 Thomas Christians 304–6 Trinitarianism 101–2 Byzantine Empire 173 Thomson, F. J. 401 apophaticism 254 of personhood 253 Thoreau, Henry David 162 hypostasis 300 Theonas, Archbishop 15, 16 Three Chapters 130, 166 Russia 252 Theophan the Greek 412, 481 Thrones 24 Sophiology 115 see St. Thyateiran jurisdiction 513, 515 Staniloaĕ 473 Theophan (Govorov) the Tigre region 7 see also Holy Trinity Recluse Timotheos, Metropolitan 50, 51 Triodion 189, 299, 489–90 Theophanes, chronicler 434 1 Timothy 143, 371 259, 346, 349 Theophanes of Nicea 303 Timothy I, Bishop of Alexandria 16 Triumph of Orthodoxy icon 519 theophany 148, 195, 201, 281, 334 Timothy I, Patriarch of Trivolis, Michael see Maximus the Theophany, Feast of 43, 481–2 Baghdad 48, 276 Greek Theophilus, Archbishop of Timothy II Aelurus 16, 20, 125, 324 Troianos, Spyros 83 Alexandria 368, 421, 434 Timothy III, Miaphysite 16 Troitse-Sergieva Lavra 101, 412, 431, Theophilus, Emperor 268, 519 Timothy Salofaciolos 16, 20, 125 445 Theophilus, Patriarch 14, 16, 18 Timur the Great 277 Troitskii, Serge 83 Theophilus Korydaleus 364 Tischendorf, Konstantin von 467 490 248, 354, 363 Tito, Josip Broz 459 Cherubikon 90 Theophylact, Melkite Patriarch 16 Titus, Book of 371 evlogitaria 191 Theophylact of Ohrid 482 Tlingits 496 generic term 260 Theophylaktos, Metropolitan 50 Tmutorokan 491 idiomelon 271–2 theopoesis 147 Toledo, Council of 202 kathisma 292 theoria (illumination) 161 Tolstoy, Leo: Boyhood and Youth 211 ode 339 theoria physike (natural Tomasevich, J. 459 principal 31, 80 contemplation) 162 Tome of Leo 47, 125, 128, 166, 346 Trostyanskiy, Sergey 26–7, 53–5, 93–4, theosis (deification) 96, 115, 147–50, Tome of the Ecumenical Patriarchate 50 137–9, 203–5, 248–50, 292–3, 184, 332, 343, 370 Toom, Tarmo 129–30, 133, 181–3, 309 260, 483 414–15, 432–3 True Cross relics 137

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Trullo, Council in 81, 141, 377, 399 and Russian Orthodox Van Rompay, L. 504 Trullo, Synod of 85 Church 405, 409, 494–5 Vandals 417 truth, antinomial 208 in USA 499, 502 Vantini, J. 10 Tryphon, martyr 310 Ukrainian Catholic Church 494 Vaporis, N. M. 171 Tsankov, Stephan 84 Varatec women’s monastery 243, 285 Tsedakan (Nine Saints) 7 in Poland 366 Varlaam, Metropolitan 404 Tsironis, Niki J. 222, 235, 312, in USA 500 Varsqen of Iberia 219 517–21 Umwelt (Uexküll) 163 Vasile Lupu, Prince 262 Tsypin, Vladislav 83, 401 Unalaska Island 496 Vasilii II 403 Tunisia 1 under-cassock 506 Vasilii III, Tsar 404 Turgenev, Ivan 345 underworld 235 Vassiliades, N. P. 146 Turkestan 292 Unia 353, 386, 403 Vatican Codex 22 304 Turkey Uniate Churches 159, 367 Vatican Council I 353 Ankara 109 United States of America, Vatican Council II 160 Armenia and 41 Orthodoxy in the 496–503 Veniamin, Dominican monk 404 in Bulgaria 70 Alaskan mission 496–7 Venice 138 Byzantine Empire 206 diocesan developments 499 Venizelos, Eleftherios 230 control of Constantinople 112 Greek Orthodox 497–8 vernacular languages 190, 191 Cyprus occupied 138 immigrants 497 (Hesperinos) 505–6 enslavement of Christian new episcopal assembly 502–3 vestments 180, 386, 506–7 children 277 Patriarch of Constantinople 498 Victor, “Bishop” of Rome 396 and European Union 113 ritual forms 298 Vigilius, Pope 166 Greek Christians in 350 Russian Orthodoxy 498–9 Viktor, Archbishop 91 Greek invasion 230 St. Tikhon 450–51 village churches 38 Manzikert battle 276 Standing Conference of village monasticism 120 Turkish Cypriots 138 Bishops 500–502 Vincent of Lerins 489 Turner, H. J. M. 176 theological seminaries 174 Vinzent, M. 392, 395, 397 Turnovo, Council 68 transition 499–500 Virgin, cult of 222 Turnovo, Patriarchate of 68 Uniting Church, Australasia 49 185 Twelve Great Feasts 78 unknowability of God 362 virgins 463, 484, 507–8, 516 Typikon 156, 217, 218, 441 Unmercenary Saints 310, 503–4 Virtues 24 Tyre, Council of 17 Uppsala WCC Assembly 169 Viscuso, Patrick 85 Tyre, Synod of 17 The Upright 478 Visser’t Hooft, W. A. 168 Tzimisces revolt 447 Urban IV, Pope 302 Vladimir, city 493 Usk ja elu journal 183 Vladimir, Council of 83 Uexküll, Jakob von 163 Uspenski Cathedral 205 Vladimir Cantarean, Metropolitan 316 Ukraine 114 Ustaša regime 159 Vladimir of Kiev, Metropolitan 336 Central Rada 494 usuvahetus (change of faith) 182 Vladimir of Kiev, Prince 190, 401, folk group 482 491 independence 112 Uzbek people 292 Vladimirskaya Icon 265 and Lithuania 297, 493 Vahani Caves 218 Vladimir-Suzdal’ 402 monasticism 492 Vakhtang Gorgasali, King 216, 220 Vladislavov, Stoiko 70 Moscow Patriarchate 495 Valaam Paterikon 337 see also Sofroni of Vratsa Polish Catholics 493 Valamo Lay Academy 205 Vlavianos, Sotirios A. 32, 227, 360, Russian Revolution 494 Valamo monastery 204, 205 489–90 self-government plans 494 Valens, Emperor 18, 418, 425 Vologeses, Bishop 425 Soviet Union 495 Valentinus 15, 222, 223 Volokolamsk Paterikon 337 Ukraine, Orthodoxy in the 491–5 Valerian, Emperor 4, 394 Volos Orthodox meeting 170 autonomous 495 Valerius, Bishop 416 Vööbus, A. 477 bishop 178 Vamvas, Neophytos 229 Voronets church 289, 508, 517 communion with Rome 159 Van Ommeslaeghe, F. 236 Voyages of Egeria 465

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Wace, H. 111 Word of God 58 Zaccheus 511 Wallachia 385 see also Logos Zachariah 60 Walter, C. 312, 379 World Council of Churches Zacheus (Wood), Archimandrite 265 war 509–10 Baptism, Eucharist, and Ministry 171 Zagreb, Archbishop of 459 Ware, K. 226, 289, 430 Faith and Order 129 Zagwe ̄ 8 Ware, T. 25, 145, 146, 149 Florovsky 209 Zahumlje-Hercegovina, Bishop watchfulness 245 Germanos 167 of 461 water, symbolism of 53 Oriental and Eastern Orthodox Za-Mika’el, Abba 7 The Way of the Pilgrim 286, 363, Churches 347 Zante 156 365–6 Orthodox Churches 25, 167 zapivka (breaking of fast) 188 wealth 88–9, 510–512 388 Zechariah 274, 369 Webster, A. F. C. 509, 510 Special Commission on Orthodox Zeno, Emperor 41, 125, 138, 216, wedding ritual 308 Participation 171 220, 518 Western Europe, Orthodoxy world religions, Orthodoxy Zernov, N. 56 in 512–16 and 521–4 Zhishman, Joseph Ritter von 84 White, L., Jr. 160 World War I 57, 73, 230, 387 Zigabenus, Euthymius 62 White, Monica M. 235–6, 312–13, World War II 57, 73, 204, 231, Zizioulas, John 378–80 459–60 on Cappadocian Fathers 251 White Monastery, Shenoute of Wortley, J. 378, 379 ecological asceticism 163 Atripe 124, 320 Wright, J. Robert 26 ecumenism 169 White Russians 515 Wybrew, H. 155 episcopacy 178, 179 Wicked Tenants Parable 341 eschatology 103 widows 508, 516–17 Xanthopoulos, Nikiforos Kallistos 360 ethics 184 Wigram, W. A. 45 xerophagy 227 on Florovsky 209 Williams, Rowan 302 Yacqob, Zara 207 Holy Trinity 251–3 Wilson, P. 380 on Lossky 302 Winter, B. W. 397 Ya’ebika Egsi. 9 personhood 117, 163, 253, 365 Winter War 205 Yannaras, Christos 116, 163, 184, 185, Zoe 520 Wisdom literature 163, 300, 469 365, 422 Zoe Brotherhood of Theologians 233 women in Orthodoxy 517–21 Yannoulatos, Anastasios 13 Zog, King of Albania 12 asceticism 518 Yaroslav 492, 493 Zoghu, Amadh 12 Cappadocian Fathers on 518 Yatavag tribe 297 Zoile, Melkite Patriarch 16 celibacy 516 Yekunno Amlak, King 8 Zonaras, John 82 Coptic Christianity 122 Yoga practice 286 346, 506 170, 517–21 Yoroshevsky, George 367 Zoroastrianism 219, 275, 523 Georgia 214 Young Turk movement 12 Zosima, Metropolitan of great martyrs 310 Yugoslavia Moscow 404 Greco-Roman world 517 communist takeover 459 Zoticos, martyr 384 hagiographies 520 dismembered 459 Zoticus, Chorepiscopos 92 martyrdom 519 interethnic violence 460 Zuzek, Ivan 85 Old Believers 340 renamed 458 Zymaris, Philip 43–4, 178–80, 263–6, USA 502 Russian clergy 409 362–3 Woodill, J. 184 Tito 459 Zyrians of Siberia 191

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