UNIX Command Summary

There are MANY commands available for you in a UNIX shell account. A list of them follows (in no particular order). Remember, you can always read the manpage on each command for more information. ls ...... show directory, in alphabetical order logout ...... logs off system mkdir ...... make a directory rmdir ...... remove directory (rm -r to delete folders with files) rm ...... remove files cd ...... change current directory man (command) ...... shows help on a specific command talk (user) ...... pages user for chat - (user) is a email address write (user) ...... write a user on the local system (control-c to end) pico (filename) .... easy to use text editor to edit files pine ...... easy to use mailer more (file) ...... views a file, pausing every screenful sz ...... send a file (to you) using zmodem rz ...... recieve a file (to the unix system) using zmodem telnet (host) ...... connect to another Internet site ftp (host) ...... connects to a FTP site archie (filename) .. search the Archie database for a file on a FTP site irc ...... connect to Internet Relay Chat lynx ...... a textual World Wide Web browser gopher ...... a Gopher database browser tin, trn ...... read Usenet newsgroups passwd ...... change your password chfn ...... change your "Real Name" as seen on finger chsh ...... change the shell you log into grep ...... search for a string in a file tail ...... show the last few lines of a file who ...... shows who is logged into the local system w ...... shows who is logged on and what they're doing finger (emailaddr).. shows more information about a user df ...... shows disk space available on the system du ...... shows how much disk space is being used up by folders chmod ...... changes permissions on a file bc ...... a simple calculator make ...... compiles source code gcc (file.c) ...... compiles C source into a file named 'a.out' gzip ...... best compression for UNIX files zip ...... zip for IBM files tar ...... combines multiple files into one or vice-versa lharc, lzh, lha .... un-arc'ers, may not be on your system dos2unix (file) (new) - strips CR's out of dos text files unix2dos (file) (new) - adds CR's to unix text files

http://www.bsd.org/unixcmds.html

Converting DOS commands to UNIX commands

There are a few command line questions that are asked VERY often. These questions, with answers that should be typed at your shell prompt are printed below: DOS UNIX dir ...... ls cls ...... clear del ...... rm copy ...... cp move / rename ..... mv type ...... cat cd ...... cd more < file ...... more file md ...... mkdir rd ...... rmdir win ...... startx :)

(Note: Unlike DOS, commands and their arguments MUST be separated by a space. For example, "cd/" doesn't work, but "cd /" does.)

http://www.bsd.org/dos2unix.html

Other Sources of Information on the Net

There are a lot of great sites out there.. run by corporations, students, administrators, users, and more. This page has a lot of good information, but there's sure to be more on the boundless routes of the Internet. Additional Sources of Information

Lots of software and hardware vendors have webpages too.

 HARDWARE: o Sun Microsystems: http://www.sun.com o Silicon Graphics: http://www.sgi.com o Thinking Machines: http://www.think.com o Cray Research: http://www.cray.com o Digital: http://www.dec.com o HP: http://www.hp.com o Cisco Systems: http://www.cisco.com o Xylogics: http://www.xylogics.com o Livingston: http://www.livingston.com o Intel: http://www.intel.com o Motorola: http://www.mot.com o Rockwell: http://www.rockwell.com o Pyramid Technology: http://www.pyramid.com  SOFTWARE: o FreeBSD: http://www.freebsd.org o NetBSD: http://www.netbsd.org o OpenBSD: http://www.openbsd.org o BSDI: http://www.bsd.com o Linux: http://www.linux.org o AT&T Bell Labs Research: http://www.research.att.com o SCO: http://www.sco.com o Novell: http://www.novell.com  MISCELLANEOUS: o O'Reilly Books: http://www.ora.com

There are some fine newsgroups dedicated to UNIX. This is not an all- inclusive list; you may want to run your favorite newsreader and check out the subcategories of some of these groups.

 alt.folklore.computers - Stories & anecdotes about computers (some true!)  alt.security - Security issues on computer systems  comp.answers - Repository for most comp.* newsgroup FAQs.  comp.emacs - EMACS editors of different flavors  comp.security.announce - Announcements from the CERT about security  comp.security.unix - Discussion of Unix security  comp.unix.admin - Administering a Unix-based system  comp.unix.questions - UNIX neophytes group  comp.unix.programmer - Q&A for people programming under Unix.  comp.unix.shell - Using and programming the Unix shell  comp.windows.x - Discussion about the X Window System There are some nice UNIX FTP sites out there:

 src.doc.ic.ac.uk - Miscellaneous unix utilities & sysadm utilities.  ftp.x.org - X Consortium site - tons of X software.  ftp.gnu.ai.mit.edu - GNU software (gcc, ghostscript, etc  ftp.cdrom.com - Walnut Creek CDROM archives online

Browsing the 'Net has also revealed several web sites with UNIX information:

 Big Dummiy's Guide to the Internet  Stranger in a Strange Land - getting the hang of Unix  Top 10 UNIX Questions at Dartmouth  UNIX help for users (Extensive)  the UNIX Reference Desk  Daemon news -- a monthly newsletter devoted to *BSD

Comedians and jokesters abound in real life, and also on the Net.

 The nine types of users (it's true!)  The Dilbert Zone (computer-related comics)  DecWars -- a Star Wars Parody  New Computer Virus List  Song Parodies, done by one of our own, robert. This includes such tidbits like "12 Days before Unix", "House of the Crashing Sun", and more.  The Bastard Operator From Hell. This sysadm is evil, evil, EVIL!

Miscellaneous sites of interest:

 Plan 9, a distributed operating system. http://www.bsd.org/sources.html