DOCSLIB.ORG

Fish Farming Technology Professor Simon Davies on Health & Nutrition That Yield up Nutritional Benefits Are Playing an and Erik Hampel on Fish Farming Technology

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Fish Farming Technology Professor Simon Davies on Health & Nutrition That Yield up Nutritional Benefits Are Playing an and Erik Hampel on Fish Farming Technology FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY CASE STUDY Pioneering North American RAS Facility embarks on 4th Decade of Operations - Krill - The novel ingredient to promote the health and growth of marine fish - Phytogenics - A sustainable January 2021 and eco-friendly solution for performing aquaculture - The utilisation of xylanase in diets for Pacific white shrimp See our archive and language editions on Litopenaeus vannamei your mobile! International Aquafeed - Volume 24 - Issue 01 International Aquafeed - Volume - Early Sturgeon Sex Discrimination: Proud supporter of Aquaculture without www.aquafeed.co.uk Frontiers UK CIO January 2021 www.fishfarmingtechnology.net Balanced by nature Shrimp farming without the guesswork: increase stocking Ecobiol® density and increase pathogen risk, decrease stocks and decrease profits – finding the right balance in shrimp production can be a guessing game. Evonik’s probiotic solution Ecobiol® helps for Aquaculture restore the balance naturally by disrupting unwanted bacteria proliferation and supporting healthy intestinal microbiota. Your benefit: sustainable and profitable shrimp farming without relying on antibiotics. [email protected] www.evonik.com/animal-nutrition Balanced by nature Shrimp farming without the guesswork: increase stocking Welcome to a New Year! WELCOMEthe entire range of fish farming activities as Ecobiol® density and increase pathogen risk, decrease stocks and decrease we pass through 2021 and it is this magazine’s profits – finding the right balance in shrimp production can be a guessing game. Evonik’s probiotic solution Ecobiol® helps We are very happy to have you with us for role to provide the information on nutrition, for Aquaculture restore the balance naturally by disrupting unwanted bacteria 2021 as this will be an exciting 12 months as we technology and personal experiences that proliferation and supporting healthy intestinal microbiota. Your hopefully pass through the declining stages of the encourage the industry in addressing the issues benefit: sustainable and profitable shrimp farming without Covid-19 pandemic with the help of vaccinations mention here. relying on antibiotics. and new treatments so that we can once again International Aquafeed has within its covers engage - at close quarters - with colleagues and a separate magazine called Fish Farming [email protected] customers. Technology (which also has its own dedicated www.evonik.com/animal-nutrition However, there are likely to be set-backs along website www.fishfarmingtechnology.com). the way, but overall we must keep positive about Together they address both aspects of the how we further advance our industry in the industry - nutrition and farming. That is why we supply of safe seafood products to consumers: Roger Gilbert have two editors at the front of the magazine who are becoming more aware as the months Publisher – International Aquafeed to help serve these critical areas in detail - go by that fish and crustacea plus aquatic plants and Fish Farming Technology Professor Simon Davies on Health & Nutrition that yield up nutritional benefits are playing an and Erik Hampel on Fish Farming Technology. increasing role in our diets. This month we are introducing (on page 36) a new section called Providing safe and nutritious food products - that are affordable and Applied Feed Technology which will look specifically at the advances competitive with other protein food sources - is vital not only for the being made in the equipment used to produce fish feeds. continuous development of our industry, but to take pressure off our I must also point you to our Spanish-language Edition editor dependence on wild-caught fish. We have to also consider how to Antonio Garza de Yta ,who (on page 20) looks at the State of World reduce the pressure on the marine environment and how to minimise Aquaculture; a good read to start off 2021! the impact on the terrestrial environment surrounding and from pond, Our columnist Petter Johannessen of the International Fishmeal river, coastal and estuary fish farming. and Fish Oil Association (on page 12) looks at sustainability in stock Recirculation systems and Raceway Pond Farming systems are management as a responsibility of coastal states. finding favour as they are able to minimise their impact on the inland This issue is full of great stories and features. Please enjoy and join environment while improving the yield of fish for consumption. with me in thanking all our contributors and advertisers, wishing them I’m confident we will see greater adoption of new technologies into and your fellow readers a Happy and Prosperous New Year! This month on IAF TV This month we have an interview with Dr Hamady Diop of AUDA-NEPAD Scan to watch the video for FREE aqfeed.info/e/1033 ISSUE HIGHLIGHTS FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY Phytogenics: A sustainable and eco-friendly solution for Mozambique: A flourishing prawn farming performing aquaculture industry - page 30 - page 42 The Aquaculture case study Applied feed technology PELLETS: The new K70 Pellet Mill RAS - page 36 Pioneering North American RAS Facility embarks on 4th Decade of Operations - page 52 www.aquafeed.co.uk NUTRITION & HEALTH I would like to start by welcoming you all Honorary Fellow and in this edition to a new year, a year which still looks to Some personal news that I’m very pleased to be hampered by the ‘new normal,’ as the announce is my election as an Honorary Fellow global crisis that defined 2020 remains a of The Institution of Aquaculture Singapore. very serious and defining issue for us all. This is in recognition of my 35 years activity and work in fish nutrition. It is indeed an honour As it appears that for the most part at least, and privilege to be recognised by this prestigious 2021 will be burdened by many of the organisation at the gateway to SE Asia. issues that dominated its predecessor, we Turning to our current edition, we have a very must all be most vigilant for many more Professor Simon Davies interesting article as our Species Topic from my Nutrition Editor, International Aquafeed months to come in facing COVID-19, as good friend Walker D Wright-Moore from the well as its newly emerging specific variants. USA, who works as the nursery manager for I have been in lockdown in Plymouth, Great Falls Aquaculture located at Turners Falls, UK, whilst our government continues to steer us along a MA. This is now the largest closed system barramundi operation in precautionary route, with the roll out and delivery of our vaccines America supplying live fish to the major markets and restaurants. I beginning to pick up pace. This continues to be a major task, and am sure that you will find Walker’s account of their developments with any luck it will enable us to hopefully transition to a more over the decades and their committed team a great read. normal life, allowing us to return to our busy agendas at some We also have an article on the potential investments for aquaculture point in the year ahead. in Mozambique which is very timely given the new African chapter We must give full credit to our scientists for their diligent of WAS and the rich resources in this huge continent. There’s even research efforts and successes in the novel vaccine production, more to think about than tilapia and catfish but of course tilapia is still which would normally take many years of screening and efficacy a very important warm water species that has an amazing future. trials prior to implementation. This we have much experience of in We also have a very interesting feature on sturgeon and caviar the animal veterinary sector and of course in fish, when preventing production from Germany with an emphasis on sex selection and and quelling our own specific pathogens that we encounter in early differentiation. Indeed it is well recognised that Germany is a aquaculture. global player in aquaculture engineering with a focus on land based Vaccines have revolutionised our industry, providing healthy, RAS facilities now being advocated in many parts of the world and is fit stock which in turn allows us to maximise the benefit of high of obvious relevance to sturgeon operations. quality diets and feeds. Indeed the immune system of both fish On the topic of sturgeon, I was delighted and surprised to and crustacean species is highly dependent on good nutrition, with learn from my good friend Dr Bob Durborow at Kentucky State the whole basis of vaccines being to elicit an effective antibody University of recent developments by scientists in Hungary for the response, as part of the acquired or specific immune pathways. first time hybridisation of the Russian sturgeon with the American This is vitally important in our management of fish pathogens and paddlefish that are related species Acipenseriformes( ). They to mitigate infection. have termed this strange hybrid ‘sturddlefish.’ It is expected that In human and animal medicine we can engage and learn much this could lead to different types of caviar production and being together with potential applications of these technologies for fish. I perhaps more economic as well as improving US and Russian am very encouraged by the so called DNA and mRNA vaccines that relations? can be much more targeted to the genetic machinery of antibody I am certain that our regular features and the interviews with leading generation, which can result in superior and more efficient vaccine experts and authorities across the spectrum of talent most informative. products that can also be also delivered in the diet. It is always reassuring that we have access to so many stakeholders in the aquafeed domain. Brexit relief However, we are a very fluid and responsive publication and we A further issue that dominated the end of 2020 is the Brexit trade are very keen to engage with all of our established clients, whilst negotiations, which were completed with some success regarding also always looking to expand our network.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Algae Supplement to the Guidance Document “Points to Consider in the Preparation of TSCA Biotechnology Submissions for Microorganisms”
    Algae Supplement to the Guidance Document “Points to Consider in the Preparation of TSCA Biotechnology Submissions for Microorganisms” 1 Disclaimer: The contents of this document do not have the force and effect of law and are not meant to bind the public in any way. This document is intended only to provide clarity to the public regarding existing requirements under the law or agency policies. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 5 A. PURPOSE OF THIS SUPPLEMENT............................................................................... 5 B. RATIONALE FOR FOCUS ON ALGAE ........................................................................ 5 C. DEVELOPMENT OF THIS “ALGAE SUPPLEMENT” ............................................... 6 D. ORGANIZATION OF THIS “ALGAE SUPPLEMENT” .............................................. 6 II. INFORMATION USEFUL FOR RISK ASSESSMENT OF A GENETICALLY ENGINEERED ALGA ............................................................................................................. 7 A. RECIPIENT MICROORGANISM CHARACTERIZATION ....................................... 7 1. Taxonomy ......................................................................................................................... 7 2. General Description and Characterization ................................................................... 8 B. GE ALGA CHARACTERIZATION ...............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • BIOLOGY 100 Munyawera, James University of Rwanda Contribution to the Optimization of Algal Production As Biomass for Generating
    BIOLOGY 100 Munyawera, James University of Rwanda Contribution to the Optimization of Algal Production as Biomass for Generating Biofuel Clement Ahishakiye ,University of Rwanda Birungi Martha Mwiza, University of Rwanda Algae are photosynthetic organism including macro and microalgae species and they mostly live in moist environment. Algae especially microalgae species are important due to high nutritional content mainly oil that can be used for production of biofuel as an alternative to petroleum products. Biofuel is a fuel produced through biological processing of photosynthetic matter. Aim of this study was to identify the algal species present in sample collected from Rwamamba marsh land and to determine their optimal growth conditions for biomass production. in order to produce biofuels in Rwanda. The isolation of algae strains was performed by using appropriate culture media and the identification by phenotypic characteristics based by microscopic observation. During the biomass production, a culture has been supplied with CO2 from a reaction produced by calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid, another one was remained naturally with no CO2 supp. The effect of pH (6.5, 7.5, 8.0) on the growth of algae species was also evaluated. In the samples collected from different sites. Two different algal species were identified namely Chlorella sp. and Botryococcus sp. The result showed that Chlorella sp. grows better than Botryococcus sp. the optimum growth temperature for isolation was around 25oC. The culture of Chlorella sp in the medium with additional CO2 grow better than when there is no CO2 supply. The both Chlorella and Botryococcus species were grows best at the pH 7.5 and 8.0.
    [Show full text]
  • Industrial Algae Measurements October 2017 | Version 8.0
    Industrial Algae Measurements October 2017 | Version 8.0 A publication of ABO’s Technical Standards Committee © 2017 Algae Biomass Organization About the Algae Biomass Organization Founded in 2008, the Algae Biomass Organization (ABO) is a non-profit organization whose mission is to promote the development of viable commercial markets for renewable and sustainable products derived from algae. Our membership is comprised of people, companies, and organizations across the value chain. More information about the ABO, including membership, costs, benefits, members and their affiliations, is available at our website: www.algaebiomass.org. The Technical Standards Committee is dedicated to the following functions: • Developing and advocating algal industry standards and best practices • Liaising with ABO members, other standards organizations and government • Facilitating information flow between industry stakeholders • Reviewing ABO technical positions and recommendations For more information, please see: http://www.algaebiomass.org Staff Committees Executive Director – Matthew Carr Events Committee General Counsel – Andrew Braff, Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati Chair – Craig Behnke, Sapphire Program Chair – Jason Quinn, Colorado State University Administrative Coordinator – Barb Scheevel Administrative Assistant – Nancy Byrne Member Development Committee John Benemann, MicroBio Engineering Budget & Finance Committee Board of Directors Martin Sabarsky, Cellana Chair – Jacques Beaudry-Losique, Algenol Biofuels Bylaw & Governance Committee Vice
    [Show full text]
  • Part 1 General Provisions
    Utah Code Part 1 General Provisions 4-37-101 Title. This chapter is known as the "Aquaculture Act." Enacted by Chapter 153, 1994 General Session 4-37-102 Purpose statement -- Aquaculture considered a branch of agriculture. (1) The Legislature declares that it is in the interest of the people of the state to encourage the practice of aquaculture, while protecting the public fishery resource, in order to augment food production, expand employment, promote economic development, and protect and better utilize the land and water resources of the state. (2) The Legislature further declares that aquaculture is considered a branch of the agricultural industry of the state for purposes of any laws that apply to or provide for the advancement, benefit, or protection of the agricultural industry within the state. Amended by Chapter 378, 2010 General Session 4-37-103 Definitions. As used in this chapter: (1) "Aquaculture" means the controlled cultivation of aquatic animals. (2) (a) (i) "Aquaculture facility" means any tank, canal, raceway, pond, off-stream reservoir, or other structure used for aquaculture. (ii) "Aquaculture facility" does not include any public aquaculture facility or fee fishing facility. (b) Structures that are separated by more than 1/2 mile, or structures that drain to or are modified to drain to, different drainages, are considered separate aquaculture facilities regardless of ownership. (3) (a) "Aquatic animal" means a member of any species of fish, mollusk, crustacean, or amphibian. (b) "Aquatic animal" includes a gamete of any species listed in Subsection (3)(a). (4) "Fee fishing facility" means a body of water used for holding or rearing fish for the purpose of providing fishing for a fee or for pecuniary consideration or advantage.
    [Show full text]
  • Development and Optimization of Biofilm Based Algal Cultivation Martin Anthony Gross Iowa State University
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Graduate Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2015 Development and optimization of biofilm based algal cultivation Martin Anthony Gross Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd Part of the Agriculture Commons, Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering Commons, and the Oil, Gas, and Energy Commons Recommended Citation Gross, Martin Anthony, "Development and optimization of biofilm based algal cultivation" (2015). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 14850. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/14850 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Development and optimization of biofilm based algal cultivation by Martin Anthony Gross A dissertation submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Dual major: Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering/ Food Science and Technology Program of Study Committee: Dr. Zhiyou Wen, Co-Major Professor Dr. Lawrence Johnson, Co-Major Professor Dr. Jacek Koziel Dr. Kurt Rosentrater Dr. Say K Ong Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2015 Copyright © Martin Anthony Gross, 2015. All rights reserved. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
    [Show full text]
  • Algal Research 26 (2017) 436–444
    Algal Research 26 (2017) 436–444 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Algal Research journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/algal Effective control of Poterioochromonas malhamensis in pilot-scale culture of MARK Chlorella sorokiniana GT-1 by maintaining CO2-mediated low culture pH ⁎ Mingyang Maa,b,c, Danni Yuana,b,c, Yue Hea,b, Minsung Parka, Yingchun Gonga,b, , ⁎⁎ Qiang Hua,b,d,e, a Center for Microalgal Biotechnology and Biofuels, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China b Key Laboratory for Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China c University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China d SDIC Microalgae Biotechnology Center, China Electronics Engineering Design Institute, Beijing 100142, China e Beijing Key Laboratory of Algae Biomass, Beijing 100142, China ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Although predators in microalgal culture can often be protozoa reducing biomass productivity and culture Chlorella sorokiniana stability, there are few effective approaches to control them. This study investigated the effect of culture pH (i.e., Contamination control 6.0, 6.5, 7.0 and 7.5) maintained by supply of compressed air bubbles containing various concentrations of CO2 Poterioochromonas malhamensis on death of the flagellate Poterioochromonas malhamensis and several other protozoa in the culture of the green CO 2 microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana GT-1. C. sorokiniana GT-1 grew well at pH 6.0 and 6.5 and a sustainable biomass pH − concentration of 1.61 g L 1 was obtained from the cultures maintained at pH 6.5. The cultures maintained at Protozoan predator pH 7.0 and 7.5 collapsed on days 7 and 4 of culture, respectively, as a result of contamination by P.
    [Show full text]
  • NPDES Permit Fact Sheet for Tamgas Creek Hatchery, Metlakatla, Alaska
    Fact Sheet Tamgas Creek Hatchery Permit No. AK0028525 Fact Sheet The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Proposes to Issue a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit to Discharge Pollutants Pursuant to the Provisions of the Clean Water Act (CWA) to: Tamgas Creek Hatchery Mile 8 Hatchery Road Metlakatla, Alaska 99926 NPDES Permit Number: AK0028525 Public Notice Start Date: September 28, 2018 Public Notice Expiration Date: October 29, 2018 Technical Contact: Kai Shum 206-553-0060 [email protected] 1-800-424-4372, ext. 0060 (within Alaska, Idaho, Oregon and Washington) The EPA Proposes to Issue NPDES Permit The EPA proposes to issue an NPDES permit for the facility referenced above. The draft permit places conditions on the discharge of pollutants from the hatchery to waters of the United States. In order to ensure protection of water quality and human health, the permit places limits on the types and amounts of pollutants that can be discharged from the facility. This Fact Sheet includes: ▪ information on public comment, public hearing, and appeal procedures ▪ a listing of proposed effluent limitations and other conditions for the hatchery ▪ a map and description of the discharge location ▪ technical material supporting the conditions in the permit Public Comment Persons wishing to comment on, or request a Public Hearing for the draft permit for this facility may do so in writing by the expiration date of the Public Comment period. A request for a Public 1 Fact Sheet Tamgas Creek Hatchery Permit No. AK0028525 Hearing must state the nature of the issues to be raised as well as the requester’s name, address and telephone number.
    [Show full text]
  • Raceway-Based Production of Microalgae for Possible Use in Making Biodiesel
    Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere without the permission of the Author. Raceway-based production of microalgae for possible use in making biodiesel A thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biotechnology at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand Sadia Tahir 2014 Abstract Oils from microalgae are of interest as a potential feedstock for producing renewable transport fuels including gasoline, diesel, biodiesel and jet fuel. For producing feedstock oils, an alga must be capable of being grown easily in readily available seawater and have a high productivity of biomass and oil. This study explored the biomass and lipid production potential of the microalga Chlorella vulgaris in seawater media, as a potential producer of feedstock oils. The alga was grown photoautotrophically under various conditions in 2 L Duran bottles and a pilot scale (138 L) raceway system. Initially, eight species of microalgae of different classes were assessed under nutrient sufficient growth conditions for the production of biomass and lipids in 2 L Duran bottles. Two of the promising species (C. vulgaris and Nannochloropsis salina) were then further evaluated extensively under various conditions (i.e. salinity stress, different levels of nitrogen in growth media, continuous light and light-dark cycling). Based on these assessments C. vulgaris stood out as the best alga for further detailed study. C. vulgaris was evaluated for biomass production and lipid production.
    [Show full text]
  • DFG Hatchery EIR-EIS
    Appendix A Hatchery Operations Appendix A Hatchery Operations This appendix contains site descriptions and operational details for each of the California Department of Fish and Game’s (DFG’s) 14 trout hatchery facilities and 10 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. As described in Chapter 2 of this environmental impact report/environmental impact statement (EIR/EIS), hatchery facilities generally fall into one of four categories: brood stock hatcheries, production hatcheries, rearing annexes, and planting bases. A brood stock hatchery provides facilities to rear, maintain, and harvest adult fish for eggs and milt. A production hatchery receives eggs from brood stock hatcheries, incubates the eggs until the fish hatch, and transfers the fry to raceways or ponds for the rearing process. Rearing annexes receive, feed, and rear the fish while monitoring for disease. Planting bases typically receive fish that are of an appropriate size for stocking, and acclimate them before transferring the fish to stocking locations. Salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities are described as either mitigation or enhancement facilities, with some serving both purposes. Mitigation hatcheries were first constructed to offset the loss of anadromous fish habitat due to dam construction. Enhancement hatcheries produce salmon or steelhead to augment fish populations for harvest. Sources of Information The key sources of data and information used in the preparation of this appendix are: z 5­Year Hatchery Facility Infrastructure Plan (Draft) (California Department
    [Show full text]
  • Compliance Guide for the Concentrated Aquatic Animal Production Point Source Category
    Compliance Guide for the Concentrated Aquatic Animal Production Point Source Category United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water Washington, DC 20460 (4303T) EPA-821-B-05-001 March 2006 Compliance Guide for the Concentrated Aquatic Animal Production Point Source Category Engineering and Analysis Division Office of Science and Technology U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC 20460 March 2006 Acknowledgments The Engineering and Analysis Division, Office of Science and Technology has prepared this compliance guidance and approved it for publication. Tetra Tech, Inc., Contract 68- C-99-263, supported the preparation of the guidance under the direction and review of the Office of Science and Technology. Technical experts in the concentrated aquatic animal production (CAAP) industry prepared the document Best Management Practices for Flow-Through, Net-Pen, Recirculating, and Pond Aquaculture Systems by Tucker, C., S. Belle, C. Boyd, G. Fornshell, J. Hargreaves, S. LaPatra, S. Summerfelt, and P. Zajicek (2003). It provided valuable background information for EPA in the development of this compliance guide. Disclaimer The discussion in this document is intended solely as guidance. The statutory provisions and regulations of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) described in this document contain legally binding requirements. This document is not a regulation itself, nor does it change or substitute for those provisions and regulations. Thus, it does not impose legally binding requirements on EPA, States, or the regulated community. This guidance does not confer legal rights or impose legal obligations upon any member of the public. While EPA has made every effort to ensure the accuracy of the discussion in this guidance, the obligations of the regulated community are determined by statutes, regulations, or other legally binding requirements.
    [Show full text]
  • Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics to Raceways Combining Paddlewheel and CO2 Spargers to Enhance Microalgae Growth
    Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering VOL. 129 No. 1, 93e98, 2020 www.elsevier.com/locate/jbiosc Application of computational fluid dynamics to raceways combining paddlewheel and CO2 spargers to enhance microalgae growth Adi Kusmayadi,1 George P. Philippidis,2 and Hong-Wei Yen1,2,* Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, Tunghai University, No. 1727, Sec. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Xitun District, Taichung 40704, Taiwan1 and Patel College of Global Sustainability, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, CGS101, Tampa, FL 33620, USA2 Received 16 May 2019; accepted 17 June 2019 Available online 19 July 2019 The present study investigated the effect of light intensity and mixing on microalgae growth in a raceway by comparing the performance of a paddlewheel to a combination of paddlewheel and CO2 spargers in a 20 L raceway. The increase of light intensity was known to be able to increase the microalgal growth rate. Increasing paddlewheel rotation speed from 13 to 30 rpm enhanced C. vulgaris growth by enhancing culture mixing. Simulation results using compu- tational fluid dynamics (CFD) indicated that both the turnaround areas of the raceway and the area opposite the pad- dlewheel experienced very low flow velocities (dead zones) of less than 0.1 m/min, which could cause cell settling and slow down growth. The simulated CFD velocity distribution in the raceway was validated by actual velocity measure- ments. The installation of CO2 spargers in the dead zones greatly increased flow velocity. The increase of paddlewheel rotation speed reduced the dead zones and hence increased algal biomass production. By complementing the raceway paddlewheel with spargers providing CO2 at 30 mL/min, we achieved a dry cell weight of 5.2 ± 0.2 g/L, which was about 2.6 times that obtained without CO2 sparging.
    [Show full text]
  • Modeling and Experimental Study of an Open Channel Raceway System to Improve the Performance of Nannochloropsis Salina Cultivati
    Modeling and Experimental Study of an Open Channel Raceway System to Improve the Performance of Nannochloropsis salina Cultivation DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Stephen Yoonbum Park, B.S. Graduate Program in Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering The Ohio State University 2014 Dissertation Committee: Dr. Yebo Li, Advisor Dr. Jiyoung Lee Dr. Jay Martin Copyright by Stephen Yoonbum Park 2014 Abstract Lipid-rich microalgae are a potentially favorable alternative source of liquid fuels, and the use of open channel raceways has been proposed as a potential method for their mass cultivation. Studies on energy return on investment (EROI) show that open pond raceways are not feasible enough to be commercialized, but can be considered as a future commodity if energy can be recovered from both lipids and biomass residue. Analyses also show that the energy input in the form of CO2, nutrients, and mixing account for approximately 85% of the total energy consumption for algal biofuel production. Therefore, the conceptual framework of this study was mainly focused on the improvement of the open pond cultivation of the photosynthetic microalgae, Nannochloropsis salina, to increase the EROI of the process. The preexisting open pond cultivation process was hypothesized to be procedurally improved through modifications such as the conversion of algae biomass residue (ABR) via anaerobic digestion (AD) and the addition of phase-change material (PCM) to the open pond surface. A numerical approach was also employed by modeling the demonstration-scale cultivation systems using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) integrated with a kinetic model.
    [Show full text]