植物研究雑誌 J. J. Jpn. Bo t. 72: 72: 19-35 (1997)

On the Fern Genus Pyrrosia Mirbel (Polypodiaceae) in in Asia and Adjacent Oceania (1)

Kung-Hsia SHINO a and Kunio IWATSUKl b

aHerbarium ，Institute of Botany ，Academia Sinica ，20 Nanxincun ， Xiangshan ，Be 討ing 100093 ， CHINA; bpaculty bpaculty of Science ，Rikkyo University ， 3-34-1 Nishi-ikebukuro ， Toshima-ku ， Tokyo 171 ，JAPAN (Received (Received on June 19 ， 1996)

The fem genus Pyrrosia Mirbel is revised and enumerated for all the Asian species ， as as well as some species from neighbouring regions ， an with artificial key to all the species recognized. recognized. Sixty-four species are distinguished in a rather splitted conception for further biosystematic biosystematic analysis. Three species ，Pyrrosia ensata ，P. shennongensis ，andP .f uoh αiensis are are new to science from China.

Introduction Introduction distinguished by comparing various features Based on a comprehensive classical mono- of Asian species obtained in herbarium speci- graph by Giesenhagen (1 901) ，a poly- mens as well as in the fields. There are a few podiaceous podiaceous fem genus Pyrrosia has been ob- species of Pyrrosia distributed in Australia ， served served in various ways including by the fem- N ew Zealand ，and Africa ，though they are lovers lovers who cultivate the plants of this genus as either excluded from this enumeration or only a hobby. A recent revision by Hovenkamp briefly mentioned ， as we have less information (1 986) resulted in a global monograph ，al- on them in their native fields concemed. though species concept in this work is too wide The generaDrymoglossum andSaxiglossum to to understand the structure of every species were first recognized by Presl (1 836) and native native to Asia. When Ching (1935) revised the followed by Ching (1 965) and others in sepa- genus genus Pyrrosia ，Asian species are enumerated rating them from Pyrrosia. Both the genera in in more or less splitting concep t. On the first have their sori elongate and linear either along step step of systematic treatise when we have still leaf margin or on lower surface of laminae insufficient insufficient information on genetic structure between midrib and leaf margin. Although of of each species concemed ，we may better have both of the two genera are revised and included more careful observation on variation in every in the genus Pyrrosia by Ravensberg and character character to distinguish it in splitting species Hennipman (1 986) ， they seem to be direct off- concep t. And ， in the case of the genus Pyrrosia shoots of Pyrrosia and are excluded from this we have more information obtained by grow- enumeration. As it is not difficult to discrimi- ing ing the plants in cultivation including those nate Drymoglossum piloselloides and contributed contributed by non-professional fem growers. Saxiglossum angustissimum from Pyrrosia in Including Including these informations ， our agreement definition ， recognizing them as distinct gen- is is to enumerate the species in Asia carefully era ，no further comments will be given here.

-19 ー 20 植物研究雑誌第72 巻第l号 平成9年2月

Genetic Genetic identity will not be discussed here in focus to the specimens collected in Taiwan. details ，and exclude these two 'genera' from 1 watsuki examined some in various herbaria this this enumeration rather conventionally. throughout the world and studied the speci- Based chiefly on the spore omamentation ， mens in some Chinese herbaria when he vis- the the senior author recognized two subgenera in ited China several times. Detailed field obser- this this genus (Shing 1983). Tryon and Lugardon vations were made by Shing in China and by (1990) (1990) described five types of spore omamen- 1 watsuki in various localities in East and South- tation tation in the genus Pyrrosia. Even with their east Asia. Based on these studies sixty-four contribution contribution in this feature particular ，we rec- species of Pyrrosia in a strict sense are here ognize ognize that the two species ， P. angustat αand tentatively recognized in Asia and adjacent P. P. samarensis ，have ribbed spore surface in Oceania. An artificial key to all the species contrast contrast to the other species of Pyrrosia hav- recognized is prepared. ing ing tubercular or verrucose surface with perine In this pu 叩ose ， the synonymic lists of the as as was observed by the senior author (Shing species in the following enumeration are in 1984). 1984). simpler form ， mostly referring the literatures

As to the key characters to distinguish the like Giesenhagen (1901) ラ Ching (1 935) ，and taxa ，we observed as much features as possible Hovenkamp (1 986). Chinese as well as Japa- and take up such characters found in rhizome ， nese names are given in the species where they frond frond form and size ，venation ，and induments ， are available. especially especially the stellate hairs found everywhere The herbarium studies have been carried on the plants. The structure of the rays of out in herbaria various and mostly in AAU ，B ， stellate stellate hairs as well as the number of layers BKF ，BO ，GH ，INS ，K ，KYO ，KUN ，MAK ， are are the reliable specific characters in many 孔lI CH ，NY ，P ，PE ，PYU ，SING ，TI ，and US. cases. cases. In the species with two layers of stellate We are thankful to the directors and curators of hairs hairs on the lower surface of laminae ， the all the herbaria who gave us various facilities stellate stellate hairs of the bottom layer have wooly and helps in studying the materials including rays rays while those of the superficial layer are some on loan to PE (Shing) and TI (Iwatsuki). distinguished distinguished into three types of rays: lanceo- We owed various funds in carrying this coop- late late with length less than three times of width ， erative study ，and this paper is completed subulate-Ianceolate subulate-Ianceolate with length more than five mostly by the financial aids from Overseas to to nine times of width ，and aciculate with Research Grant (02041026) from Ministry of needle-like needle-like structure. Structure of rhizome Education ， Science and Culture ，Japan ， to K. I.， scales scales is another reliable feature ， though it is including an aid for senior author's visit to sometimes sometimes difficult to observe on the her- Japan. barium barium specimens as they are often caducous. Most of the specimens in Chinese herbaria References to General Section Ching R. C. 1935. On the genus Pyrrosia Mirbel from the were carefully and intensively examined by mainland of Asia inc I. Japan and Formosa. Bul I. Chin. Bo t. Shing ，who also visited the United States dur- Soc. 1: 36-72. ing ing 1981-83 and made fruitful herbarium stud- 一一一一一 1965. Some new nomen cI atural combination offerns. Acta Phytotax. Sin. 10: 301-304. ies ies in herbaria various there focusing the stud- Giesenhagen K. 1901. Die Farngattung Niphoholus. Verlag von ies ies in Pyrrosia. Shing visited J apan in 1991 Gustav Fischer ，Jena. and had a time to discuss on the genus Pyrrosia Hovenkamp P. H. 1984. Some new name and species in Py/ ・ros /G (Polypodiaceae). (Polypodiaceae). Blumea 30: 207ι208. with with 1watsuki ， examining most of the Pyrrosia 一一一一一一 1986. A monograph ofthe fern genus Pyrrosia. Leiden specimens specimens kept in Japanese herbaria with a Bo t. Se r. 9: 1-280. February February 1997 Journal of Japanese Botany Vo l. 72 No. 1 21

Presl Presl K. B. 1836. Tentamen Pteridographiae. Pragae. 6(b) Sori small ，multiseriate between midrib Ravensberg Ravensberg w. J. and Hennipman E. 1986. The Pyrrosia

and leaf margin ...・ H ・...・ H ・....・ H ・-…・・(1 0) species species formerly referred toDrymoglossum andSaxiglossum

(Filicales ，Polypodiaceae). Leiden Bo t. Se r. 9: 281-310. 10(a) Rhizome scales ciliate …...・ H ・..….. (1 1) Shing Shing K.-H. 1983. A reclassification of the fern genus Pyrrosia. II(a) Plants 5-12cm tall; texture thick ，upper Amer. Fern J. 73: 73-78. surface of laminae plane ， with thin 一一一一一 1993. Some new species of pteridophytes from

Hengduan Mts. Acta Phytotax. Sin. 31: 571. induments ...・ H ・H ・H ・..… 5. P. adnascens Tryon A. F. and Lugardon B. 1990. Spores ofthe Pteridophyta. 11 (b) Plants smaller ，2-7 cm tall; texture thin ， Springer-Verlag ，New York. upper surface of laminae calcareously puncticulate ， with thick induments. ・… Key to the Species ..5a. ..5a. P. adn α scens f. calcicola (a) 1(a) Sori small ，a 町 anged in several rows 1 O(b) Rhizome scales entire .……...・ H ・-…(1 2) between midrib and leaf margin ， or 12(a) 12(a) Sterile laminae broadly lanceolate with larger larger and arranged in a single row caudate caudate apex; lateral veins distinct …・・ between midrib and leaf margin; spores …・・ 6. P. ensata ve 町 ucose ，tuberculate ， or granulate on 12(b) 12(b) Sterile laminae lanceolate with shortly surface surface pattern (Subgen. Pyrrosia) ・…・ acute acute apex; lateral veins indistinct ….

・・ H ・H ・H ・H ・...... (2) ・H ・H ・.7. P. rupestris 2(a) 2(a) Lower surface oflaminae covered with 5(b) 5(b) Fronds monomorphic or subdimorphic stellate stellate hairs in one layer (Sec t. Pyrrosia) …(1 3)

…… H ・H ・...・..， (3) 13( 13( a) Laminae strap-shaped or linear-lanceo- 3(a) 3(a) Rays of stellate hairs on laminae under-

late late …… H ・H ・....・ H ・...・ H ・....・ H ・...・ H ・..…(1 4)

neath neath monomorphic ....・ H ・...・ H ・...・ H ・. (4) 14(a) 14(a) Rhizome scales large ， broadly ovate ， 4(a) 4(a) Rays of stellate hairs lanceolate ， with entire; entire; laminae strap-shaped ，up to 60 ratio ratio of width and length of rays 1:3( --4)

cm long …H ・H ・-… H ・H ・-… 8. P. longifolia

(Se r. Pyrrosia) …H ・H ・.....・ H ・..，・ H ・...・... (5) 14(b) 14(b) Rhizome scales linear-lanceolate ，cili-

5(a) 5(a) Fronds distinctly dimorphic ...・ H ・-… (6) ate; ate; laminae about 15 cm long ・…・(1 5) 6(a) 6(a) Sori large ，a 汀 anged in 1-2 rows be- 15(a) 15(a) lnduments thin ，subglabrescent ，green-

tween midrib and leaf margin ...・ H ・.(7)

ish ish on both sides ...・ H ・....・ H ・...・ H ・-…(1 6) 7(a) 7(a) Sori superficial in a single row; scales 16(a) 16(a) Fronds typically monomorphic ， about

ciliate ciliate ..，・ H ・....・ H ・H ・H ・.....・ H ・....・ H ・H ・H ・.(8) 1. 5 cm broad ，shortly stipitate . 8(a) 8(a) Mature sori often confluent to each …・ 9. P. nuda other; other; scales lanceolate ， dark brown 16(b) 16(b) Fronds subdimorphic ， over 2 cm broad ，

with with light margin ...・ H ・.1. P. co n._ β uens

stipes stipes longer ...・ H ・..…...・ H ・.. 10. P. varia 8(b) 8(b) Sori distinct; scales broadly lanceolate ， 15(b) 15(b) lnduments thick ，persistent ， grey at concolorously concolorously brown ..

lower surface ....・ H ・... 11. P. lanceolata

..，・ H ・.... 2. P. macrocarpa 13(b) 13(b) Laminae hastate ，oval ， broadly elliptic ， 7(b) 7(b) Sori sunk in 1-2 rows between midrib oblong ， or oblong-lanceolate .……(1 7) and leaf margin; scales dentate or 17(a) 17(a) Laminae hastate ，oval ， or broadly ellip-

subentire...... ・H ・-… H ・H ・.....・ H ・-… H ・H ・.. (9)

tic tic ...... ・ H ・..…...・ H ・...・ H ・....・ H ・....・ H ・.(1 8) 9( 9( a) S terile laminae circular ， cordate at base ラ

18(a) 18(a) Laminae hastate.... ・H ・-… 12. P. h αstata

subsessile subsessile ...・ H ・H ・H ・...3. P. lauterbachii 18(b) 18(b) Laminae oval or broadly elliptic . 9(b) 9(b) Sterile laminae oblong ， cuneate to ..13. ..13. P. abbrevi α ta round-cuneate round-cuneate at base ，shortly stipitate 17(b) 17(b) Laminae oblong or oblong-lanceolate …… 4. P. serpens …(1 9) 22 22 植物研究雑誌第72 巻第1号 平成 9年2 月

19( 19( a) Rays of stellate hairs on the undersurface nae puncticulate …・・・ . of of laminae lanceolate ， appressed; rhi- … 20. P. sphaerostich α

zome scales long ciliate ....・ H ・...・ ...(20) 4(b) Rays of stellate hairs aciculate (needle- 20(a) 20(a) Laminae oblong ， widest at middle por- like) or subulate ， with ratio of width tion ，aequilateral and cuneate or ro- and length of rays about 1:7(-9) (Se r.

tund-cuneate tund-cuneate at base ...... ・ H ・..，・ H ・-… (21) Drakeanae) …....・ H ・-… H ・H ・...・ H ・...・ ...(25) 21(a) 21(a) Laminae caudate at apex ，chartaceous ， 25(a) Laminae palmatifid .…-

with with thin induments ...・ H ・ ….. 21. P. polydactyla

..14. ..14. P. caud( 斤ons 25 (b) Laminae not palmatifid ....・ H ・...・ H ・.(26) 21 21 (b) Laminae acuminate or rotundate at apex ， 26(a) Laminae linear-lanceolate or lanceo- coriaceous ， with thick induments …… late ， covered with thick hairs on lower ..(22) ..(22) surface surface ...・ H ・....・ H ・...・ H ・.....・ H ・-… H ・H ・.(27)

22(a) 22(a) Laminae usually 3-6 cm long ， with 27(a) Laminae linear 同 lanceolate ， short acute

10nger 10nger stipes ， often inrolled ， all cov- at apex ……...・ H ・.....・ H ・.. 22. P. assimilis ered ered with dense hairs; lateral veins in- 27 (b) Laminae lanceolate ， both apex and base

distinct distinct …...・ H ・..…...・ H ・.15. P. petiolos α gradually narrowed ....・ H ・...・ H ・...・ ...(28) 22(b) 22(b) Laminae up to 20 cm long or more ，1- 28(a) Laminae puncticulate on upper surface

2.5( -4) cm broad ，plane ，glabrous; stipes ...・ H ・...23. P. penangiana as as long as laminae; lateral veins distinct 28(b) Laminae smooth and not puncticulate

...・ H ・.16. P. lingua on upper surface... ・H ・H ・H ・...・ H ・...・ ...(29) 20(b) 20(b) Laminae wide la Ii ceolate ， subcordate 29(a) Plants larger with loother induments or or rotund-cuneate ， usually inaequi- consisting of stellate hairs with aciculate

lateral ，and widest at base ...・ H ・H ・ H ・.. rays twice as long as those of the next ..17. ..17. P. sheareri species; laminae thick coriaceous; main- 19(b) 19(b) Rays of stellate hairs on the undersurface land of China to Taiwan ...... of of 1aminae narrowly lanceolate ，fluffy; … 24. P. gralla rhizome scales entire to short ciliate .. 29(b) Plants generally smaller ， with thinner … (23) induments consisting of stellate hairs 23(a) 23(a) Smaller plants; rhizome scales entire; with short aciculate rays; laminae thin laminae laminae less than 8 cm long with very coriaceous; North China ， eastwards to

short short stipes …...・ H ・..…・ 18. P. ceylanica Japan …...・ H ・.....・ H ・H ・H ・....25. P. davidii 23(b) 23(b) Medium-sized plants; rhizome scales 26(b) Laminae long-lanceolate orelliptic-lan- sparsel sparsel y short ciliate to subentire; lami- ceolate ，subglabrescentorcovered with nae usually more than 15 cm long with thinner hairs on lower surface .…・ (30)

long long stipes ...・ H ・...・ H ・...・ H ・...・ H ・...・ H ・.(24) 30(a) Laminae elliptic-lanceolate ， cuneate 24( 24( a) Rhizome scales persistent ，subulate-lar ト and not decurrent at base ，6-8 cm broad ceolate ，brown at base ， black in central at middle portion ，lower surface grey ， portion ， greyish brown upwards; upper covered with thinner stellate hairs …… surface surface of laminae smooth...... … 26.P.shennongens~ .. .. 19. P. foevolata 30(b) Laminae long-lanceolate ， gradually 24(b) 24(b) Rhizome scales oblong lanceolate ， narrowing downwardl y， long -decurrent concolorously concolorously dark brown ， often de- at base ，2-5 cm broad at middle portion ， caying caying at top remaining only in the lower surface green ，subglabrescent...

central central portion; upper surface of lami- ...・ H ・.. 60. P. calvata February February 1997 Journal of Japanese Botany Vo l. 72 No. 1 23

3(b) 3(b) Rays of stellate hairs on laminae under- 20 cm long ，2 cm broad; lateral veins

neath neath dimorphic ，i.e. ， with 1- 3( - 5) long ， indistinct.... .・ H ・-… 34. P. kinabaluensis frizzlly ，aciculate rays from the same 38(b) Fronds typically monomorphic; lami- axis axis of the hairs in addition to broad nae more than 20 cm long ， over 2 cm

rays rays (Se r. Heteractides) …....・ H ・..… (31) broad; lateral veins quite indistinct …・ 31 31 (a) Rhizome scales peltate; laminae cuneate ..(39) but but not decurrent at base ， lower surface 39(a) Rhizome short elongate; scales covered covered with sparse ， dark brown ，nar- basifixed; laminae widest about or rowly rowly lanceolate stellate hairs above above the middle portion ，its length

induments.. …H ・H ・-…...・ H ・...・ H ・...・ H ・.(32) between a half of and as long as stipes 32(a) 32(a) Plants large ， over 20 cm tall ， rhizome …… (40)

scales scales ciliate ...・ H ・H ・H ・...・ H ・-…....・ H ・. (33) 40(a) Rhizome scales long-acuminate ， 33(a) 33(a) Laminae oblong or elliptic ，4-6 cm sparsel y dentate at margin ，entire at

wide ， caudate at apex ...・ H ・.....・ H ・-… apex; stipes in a half length as laminae; … 27. P. heteractis super 白ciallayer with thin hairs ，stellate 33(b) 33(b) Laminae lanceolate ， 2-2.5 cm wide ， hairs with unequal rays in length ，one

obtuse obtuse at apex... ・H ・..28. P. eberhardtii with long hairs …...・ H ・.35. P. stigmosa 32(b) 32(b) Plants small ， about 6 cm tall ， rhizome 40(b) Rhizome scales short acuminate ，cili-

scales scales entire.... ・H ・-… 29. P. fuohaiensis ate; stipes as long as laminae; superfi- 31 31 (b) Rh izome scales basifixed; laminae long- cial layer of hairs thick ，stellate hairs decurrent decurrent at base. without dark brown with equal rays ， without an upwardly

stellate stellate hairs above induments .…・ (34) dorsal spines …...・ H ・.36. P. platyphyll α 34(a) 34(a) Laminae oblanceolate ，subsessile. …… 39(b) Rhizome long-creeping; scales peltate; ..30. ..30. P. costata laminae widest below the middle por- 34(b) 34(b) Laminae lanceolate ， with long stipes . tion of laminae; stipes twice as long as

..3 1. P. princeps laminae ....・ H ・-… H ・H ・...・ ...37. P. christii 2(b) 2(b) Laminae covered with two layers of 35(b) Superficiallayer of stellate hairs with different different rays of stellate hairs (Sec t. subulate or aciculate rays (Se r. Porosae)

Dichlamys) ………...・ H ・-……………… (35) ……….. (41) 35(a) 35(a) Superficial layer of stellate hairs with 41 (a) Superficial layer of stellate hairs with

broad broad rays (Se r. Costae).... ・H ・...・... (36) subulate rays …...・ H ・..…………...・ H ・.(42) 36(a) 36(a) Laminae broadly lanceolate ， rounded 42(a) Laminae linearor linear-lanceolate ，less

at at base …… H ・H ・.....・ H ・-… H ・H ・...・ H ・-… (37) than 1 cm broad …H ・H ・...・ H ・.....・ H ・..(43) 37(a) 37(a) Scales 1. 2- 1. 5 cm long ，linear-Ianceo- 43(a) Laminaelinear; sori 1(-2)rowsoneach

late ，long-acuminate ，entire; laminae side of costae ...・ H ・...38. P. linearifolia widest widest at middle portion ， cuneate or 43(b) Laminae linear-lanceolate; sori

rounded rounded at base ...・ H ・.32. P. flocculosa multiseriate on either side of costae … 37(b) 37(b) Scales long-oval ，acuminate ，entirenear …...・ H ・...・ H ・...・ H ・....・ H ・...(44) base ，dentate upwardly; laminae widest 44(a) Rhizome scales sheathing at base; at at base ，subtruncate or cordate at base stellate hairs in bOttOll layer sparse;

...・ H ・.....・ H ・.33. P. subtrunc α ta rays of stellate hairs on superficiallayer

36(b) 36(b) Laminae lanceolate ， cuneate at base .. unequal in length …...・ H ・.39. P. similis …・・ (38) 44(b) Rhizome scales rounded at base; stellate 38(a) 38(a) Fronds subdimorphic; laminae less than hairs in bottom layer dense; rays of 24 植物研究雑誌第72 巻第l号 平成9年2月

stellate stellate hairs on superficiallayer equal than than 1 cm wide …...・ H ・...・ H ・...・ H ・-…・ (53)

in in length ...・ H ・.....・ H ・.40. P. tonkinensis 53(a) Scales broadly lanceolate ，1. 5-2.5 mm 42(b) 42(b) Laminae lanceolate or oblong-lanceo- broad; laminae plane .. 47. P. α lbicans

late late ...・ H ・....・ H ・.....・ H ・-… H ・H ・..…...・ H ・.(45) 53(b) Scales subulate-lanceolate ，less than 1.5 45(a) 45(a) Rhizome slender ，long-creeping; fronds mm broad; laminae often revolute ..…

distant ，small ， less than 12 cm long ， ....・ H ・.(54) short short stipitate; rays of stellate hairs on 54(a) Laminae slightly dimorphic; lateral super 白cial layer dark brown ， unequal veins distinct; induments thin. in in length ，usually with a long spinous ...・ H ・..…………・・ 48. P. rasamalae hair hair upwardly from the top ofaxis .... 54(b) Laminae monomorphic; lateral veins

・H ・H ・.....・ H ・H ・H ・-・・・ 41. P. laevis indistinct; induments thick …・- 45(b) 45(b) Rhizome short ，thick; fronds approxi- …・・ .49. P.floccigera mate ，stipes longer than laminae; lami- 50(b) Laminae linear-lanceolate; rhizome nae nae 10-30 cm long; rays of stellate scales sheathing at base . hairs hairs on superficial layer light brown ， ...・ H ・..……...・ H ・..…・・ 50. P. asterosora equal equal in length ， without a long spinous 49(b) Laminae lanceolate or elliptic-lanceo-

hair hair upwardly from the top ofaxis .…・ late to broadly lanceolate …...・ H ・...(55)

.....・ H ・..(46) 55(a) Plants medium-sized ，up to 30-60 cm 46(a) 46(a) Laminae cuneate at base ，aequilateral ， tall; laminae lanceolate or elliptic-lan- thin thin in texture; induments thin . ceolate. …H ・H ・-…...・ H ・...・ H ・-… H ・H ・-… (56)

...・ H ・-… H ・H ・.....・ H ・-・・ 42.P.bonii 56(a) Laminae lanceolate ， widest above mid- 46(b) 46(b) Laminae rounded at base ，inaequilateral ， dle dle portion ...・ H ・-… H ・H ・....・ H ・...・ H ・-… (57)

thick thick in texture: induments thick ...・ H ・- 57(a) Subglabrous or with a few hairs on … 43. P. pseudodrakeana stipes stipes to costae ……… H ・H ・-…...・ H ・...(58) 41 41 (b) Superficial layer of stellate hairs with 58(a) Rhizome scales oval ，shining black with

aciculate aciculate rays ………...・ H ・...... ・ H ・-… (47) light and narrow margin; stipes long ，

47(a) 47(a) Fronds dimorphic ……….....・ H ・...・ H ・(48) glabrescent... .・ H ・..，・ ...5 1. P. nudicaulis 48(a) 48(a) Sterile laminae oval or rounded ，cor- 58(b) Rhizome scales lanceolate ，brown ， or date date at base ， rounded at apex . blackish at attached point; stipes shorter ， ・… .44. P. nummularifolia sparsely pubescent ………… 48(b) 48(b) Sterile laminae oblong ，cuneate at base ， ….. 52. P. porosa va r. mollissima acute acute at apex ……… ..45. P. horneensis 57(b) Densely covered by stellate hairs on

47(b) 47(b) Fronds monomorphic …… H ・H ・...・ ...(49) stipes to costae .… H ・H ・-…....・ H ・-…… (59)

49(a) 49(a) Laminae linear or linear-lanceolate …・ 59(a) Rhizome scales long ciliate ...・ H ・- ..(50) ..(50) .. 52. P. porosa va r. porosa 50( 50( a) Laminae linear; rhizome scales rounded 59(b) Rhizome scales entire … 53. P. mannii

at at base ..，・ H ・-…....・ H ・.....・ H ・.....・ H ・..… (5 1) 56(b) Laminae elliptic or elliptic-Ianceolate ，

51 51 (a) Rhizome scales ciliate; laminae 5-10 widest at middle portion .…....・ H ・..(60)

mm wide …… H ・H ・...... ・ H ・...・ H ・....・ H ・.(52) 60(a) Rhizome scales pseudopeltate ，linear-

52(a) 52(a) Sporangia sessile or subsessile …・ lanceolate ...・ H ・.....・ H ・..…....・ H ・...・ H ・. (61)

・H ・H ・..…………...・ H ・ P. .46. stenophylla 61 (a) Scales greyish brown ，entire ...... 52(b) 52(b) Sporangium stalk 1/2-1 time as long as … 54. P. hoothii

capsule capsule ...・ H ・..…...・ ...40. P. tonkinensis 61 (b) Scales dark brown with light brown

51 51 (b) Rhizome scales entire; laminae more margin ，dentate ...・ H ・....55. P. pannosa February February 1997 Journal of Japanese Botany Vo l. 72 No. 1 25

60(b) 60(b) Rhizome scales peltate ， long-oval or margin like Lepisorus ， or confluent at

long 同 lanceolate ，ciliate …...・ H ・..…・・ (62) maturity; spores with longitudinal 62(a) 62(a) Rhizome scales long-oval" peltate ， ridges ，contracted at each end to an blackish blackish brown with light brown mar- abrupt beak (Subgen. Niphobolus) …・・

gin ，acute at apex ，short ciliate; laminae ….....・ H ・. (67) gradually gradually narrowing towards both ends; 67 (a) Laminae rigidly coriaceous ， induments lateral lateral veins distinct … 56. P. gardneri fugaceous; rays of stellate hairs in su- 62(b) 62(b) Rhizome scales oblong ，brown ，acumi- perficiaI layer narrowly lanceolate or nate nate at apex ， long ciliate; laminae subulate ， rays of the next layer wooly

cuneate cuneate at base; lateral veins indistinct ...・ H ・...63. P. α ngustata ...・ ...57. P.fengiana 67(b) Laminae thinly coriaceous ， induments 55(b) 55(b) Plants large ，up to 80-100 cm tall; lami- persistent; rays of stellate hairs in su- nae nae broadly lanceolate or expanded at perficiallayer aciculate ，brown ，sparse ，

base base like pandurate ...・ H ・..…...・ H ・... (63) rays of the next layer lanceolate ，white ，

63(a) 63(a) Lateral veins indistinc t.… H ・H ・...・ ...(64) mixed with long pubescences . 64(a) 64(a) Laminae rounded at base ， usually …・・ 64. P. samarensis inaequilateral ……...・ ...58. P. drakeana 64(b) 64(b) Laminae cuneate at base ，aequilateral Enumeration of Species

....・ H ・. (65) 1. Pyrrosia confluens (R. B r.) Ching in 65(a) 65(a) Laminae almost sessile ， long decurrent Bul l. Chin. Bo t. Soc. 1: 49 (1 935); Jones & at at base; stellate hairs in bottom layer on Clemesha ，Aust r. Fems F. Allies 197. f. 270 undersurface undersurface of laminae powder-like ， (1 980); Hovenk. ，Monog r. Pyrrosia 169. f. 26 persistent ，greyish blue at maturity .… (1 986) - Polypodium confluens R. Br. ，Prodr. … 59. P. subf U1 furacea 146 (1 810). 65(b) 65(b) Laminae not decurrent at base ，stipitate; Niphobolus acrostichoides Presl ，Ten t. stellate stellate hairs in bottom layer on Pterid. 202 (1836) ，nom. nud. ，nonNiphobolus undersurface undersurface of laminae deciduous at acrostichoides (Fors t.) Bedd. 1868. maturity ， green on lower surface of Scytopteris acrostichoides (Fors t.) Presl ，

laminae laminae ...・ H ・..…...・ H ・..…・ 60. P. calvata Epim. Bot. 134 (1851).

63(b) 63(b) Lateral veins quite distinc t....・ H ・...(66) Niphobolus scytopteris Fee ， Gen. Fi l. 262 66(a) 66(a) Laminae widestabove middle portion ， (1853) - Cyclophorus scytopteris (Fee) Foum. cuneate cuneate at base; stellate hairs in super- in Ann. Sci. Na t. 18: 286 (1 873) - Pyrrosia ficiallayer ficiallayer often with upwardly dorsal confluens (R. B r.) Ching va r. scytopteris (Fee) spmes; spmes; son punctate …… Tindale in Cont r. N.S.W. Na t. Herb. Fl. se r. … 61. P. splendens 210: 36 (1 961). 66(b) 66(b) Laminae widest below middle portion ， Polypodium confluens R. B r. va r. lobatum cordate ，truncate or cuneate at base ， Bailey ，Prod r. Roy. Soc. Queens l. l: 15 (1 884) sometimes sometimes expanding like pandurate; - Cyclophorus confluens (R. B r.) C. Ch r. f. stellate stellate hairs in superficial layer with- lobatus (Bailey) Domin ，Bio l. Bo t. 85: 188 out out upwardly dorsal spines; sori larger ， (1 914).

distinct ，separate ...・ H ・H ・H ・.... Cyclophorus spicatus Domin ，Bib l. Bo t. ……… ..62. P. distichocarpa 85: 189. pl. 8. f. 1，2 (1 914). (b) 1(b) Sori large ， round or oblong ，separated There are two varieties recognized: in in a single row between midrib and leaf l(a) Fertile laminae gradually narrowing to 26 26 植物研究雑誌第72 巻第1号 平成9年2 月

obtuse obtuse apex; texture coriaceous; sori Specimens examined. Cook Is 1.: Rarotonga ， Parks et medial medial between costa and leaf margin . a1. 22098 ，22228 ，22246 ，22339 ，22346 (NY ， US); Pitcaim … var. confluens Is 1.， Chapin 945 (NY ， US). Henderson Is 1.: St. John & Fosberg Fosberg 15828 ， 16556 (US) ， Fosberg 15796 ， 16848 1 (b) Fertile laminae narrowing to round apex; (US). (US). Rapa: St. John 15345 (US). Tahiti: MacDaniels texture texture thick-coriaceous; sori usually 1638 1638 (US). Fiji:αlapin 880 (NY ，US) ，Gillespie 3717 prominent prominent on leaf margin. …va r. dielsii (GH) ，A.c. Smith 5384 ，6052 (US). Society Is 1.: H.F. a. a. va r. confluens. Sun s.n. (PE). Specimens examined. Australia. Queensland: Habita t: On rocks at 10wer a1titudes. Clemens 43881 (GH ，NY); New South Wales: Covery Rhizome scales are broadly lanceolate in 10868 10868 (US) ， Smith et al. P7436 (US). Lode Howe Is l.: outline ， acuminate at apex ，brown ，and ciliate. Green 1578 (NY). New Caledonia: Franc 107 (NY ，P); Laminae are covered with one 1ayer of stellate Mcree 2587 (NY ，P). b. b. va r. dielsii (C. Ch r.) Hovenk. in Blumea hairs with short ，lanceolate rays. Sori are 1arge 30: 30: 208 (1 984) ，Monog r. Pyrrosi α170 (1 986) and distinctly in a single row on each side of - Cyclophorus dielsii C. Ch r. in Dansk Bo t. costa ，submargina1 ，and not sunk in cavities. Ark. Ark. 9(3): 57. pl. 6. f. 2. (1 937) - Pyrrosi α Spore omamentation is ve 汀 ucose type. dielsii dielsii (C. Ch r.) Tindale in Cont r. N.S.W. Na t. 3. Pyrrosia lauterbachii (Christ) Ching in Herb. Herb. F l. Se r. 210: 36 (1 961); Jones & Bu l1. Chin. Bo t. Soc.l: 49 (l 935)-Niphobolus Clemesha ，Aust r. Fems F. Allies 197.ι271 lauterbachii Christ in Schumann & Lauterb. ， (1 981). Fl. Schutzgeb. Suds. 142 (1 901); Giesenh. ， Cyclophorus Cyclophorus intermedius Goy in Queens l. Famg. Niph. 221. f. 20 (1901) - Pyrrosia Na t. 10: 48. t. 6 (1937). foveolata (Alston) Morton va r. lauterbachii Specimens examined. Australis. Queensland: Hoven k. in B1umea 30: 208 (1 984) ，Monog r. Kajewski Kajewski 1159 (US). Pyrrosia 183. f. 35a ，b (1 986). This This variety seems to have a dimorphic Cyclophorus dispar Christ in N ova Guinea habi t. The 1aminae are re1ative1y smaller and 8: 155 (1 909) - Pyrrosi α dispar (Christ) Shing broader ， oblong to spathulate or oblanceolate ， in Ame r. Fem J. 73: 77 (1 983). mostly mostly round-obtuse at apex. Sori 1arger ，sepa- Specimens examined. Papua New Guinea: Bamler 130 130 (B) ，Brass5383 ，6879 ，7253 ，7371 ，28360(NY ，BO) ， rate rate from each other ，a町 anged a10ng 1eaf ma ト Pulle Pulle 128 (BO) ，Schlechter 14239 (B ， PE). gm. Habita t: Epiphytic on tree trunks at 10w In In habitats it is said that both the varieties e1evations. e1evations. are are growing in the rain forests: var. dielsii This This is different from P. foveolata in thin ， usually usually colonises 1ater along at edge of forests ， hya1ine ，and grey brown rhizome sca1es. Fronds whi1e whi1e the type variety are found on the rocks are are distinctly dimorphic: ster i1 e fronds are and on tree trunks in open forests. cordate cordate at base or ova1 in out1ine ，broader ， 2. 2. Pyrrosia macrocarpa (Hoo k. & Am.) round or moderately so at apex; ferti1e ones Shing in Ame r. Fern J. 73: 78 (1 983) - 1inear-lanceo1ate 1inear-lanceo1ate in outline ，1ess than 0.5 mm Niphoborus macrocarpus Hoo k. & Am. ，Bo t. broad ，and short acuminate at apex. Sori are Beech. Beech. Voy. 74. pl. 18 (1 832). large ，separate ， usually a口anged in a single Cycophorus blepharolepis C. Ch r.， Ind. Fi l. row near leaf margin or prominently margina l. 198 (1906) nom. superf l. - Pyrrosia 4. 4. Pyrrosia serpens (Fors t.) Ching in Bul l. blepharolepis blepharolepis (C. Chr.) Ching inActaPhytotax. Chin. Chin. Bo t. Soc.l: 49 (1935); Hovenk. ，Monog r. Sin. Sin. 10: 301 (1 965). Pyl γ osia 244 (1986) ， p. p. -P olypodium serpens Pyrrosia serpens Hovenk. ，Monog r. Fors t.， Prod r. 81 (1 786) ，non Sw. 1788. Pyn ・osia 244 (1 986) ，p.p. February February 1997 Joumal of Japanese Botany Vo l. 72 No. 1 27

Niphobolus bicolor Kaul f.， Enum. 128 & Shieh ， F l. Taiwan 2nd ed. 1: 513 (1 994)- (1824) ，nom. superfl. - Pyl γ osia bicolor Polypodium adnascens Sw. ， Syn. Fi l. 25 ， 220. (Kaul f.) Ching in Bull. Chin. Bo t. Soc. 1: 49 pl. 2. f. 2 (1 806). (1 935). Cyclophorus heterophyllus Desv. in Ber l. Polypodium tricholepis Met t. ex Kuhn in Mag. 5: 301 (1 811). Linnaea Linnaea 36: 139 (1 869) ，non Schrad. (1 824)- Niphobolus caudatus Kaulf. ，Enum. 127 Pyrrosia Pyrrosia tricholepis (Kuhn) Ching in Acta (1824) - Pyrrosia caudata (Kaulf.) Ching in Phytotax. Phytotax. Sin. 10: 301 (1 965). Bull. Chin. Bo t. Soc. 1: 46 (1 935). Specimens Specimens examined. New Zealand: Cooper 6110 ， P olypodium pertusum Roxb. ex Hoo k.， Exo t. 6186 6186 (NY) ，Earle239 (NY) ，Given69887 (KYO) ，F.W. H. Fl. 2: pl. 26 (1 825). 13339 13339 (NY) ，Kato 3117 ，3158 ，3164 (BO ，TI) ，Leland et Niphobolus carnosus Blume ，Enum. Pl. Jav. 1. a1. 152 (NY) ，Macmillan 90180 (BO) ，Philson et a1. 3701 2: 2: 105 (1 828). Pichi-Sermolli (US) ，Pichi-Sermolli 626 (US) ，Shann 120 (US) ，Tindale Niphobolus Niphobolus elongatus Blume ，Enum. Pl. 9313 9313 (US) ， Wix 1024 (US). Society Is 1.: Brown 183 (BO) ，Grant3508 (BO) ，Jelineck 152 (typeofPolypodium Jav.2: 105 (1 828). tricholepis). tricholepis). Austral Isls. Tubuai: St. John 16505 (BO); Niphobolus spathulifer Bory in Belang. ， Rubutu: Rubutu: St. John et a1. 16556 (BO ， NY); Raivave: St. Voy. Bo t. 2: 24 (1 833). John John et a1. 15828 (BO); Rapa: St. John et a1. 15345 (BO ， Niphobolus chamissonianus Presl ，Ten t. NY). Henderson Is 1.: St. John et a1. 15154 (BO). Pterid. 201 (1 836). Mangareve: Mangareve: St. John 14455 (BO). PolypodiumpachydermumBakerinJ. Linn. Habita t: On tree trunks in forests at lower Soc. 15: 108 (1 877) - Pyrrosia pachyderma elevations. elevations. (Bak.) Ching in Bul l. Chin. Bo t. Soc. 1: 46 Rhizome scales are lanceolate in outline (1 935). and and acuminate at apex ，light brown ，entire at Cyclophorus pustulosus Christ inNo t. Sys t. margin margin in basal portion and minutely se 汀 atein 1: 187 (1 910). distal distal portion. Sori are arranged in two rows on Cyclophorus bamleri Rosens t. in Fedde Rep. each each side of costae ，distinctly sunken in leaf Sp. Nov. 10: 339 (1 912). tlssue. tlssue. Cyclophorus stellatus Cope l. in J. Am. Arb. Pyrrosia Pyrrosia eleagnifoli α(Bory) Hovenk. [in 10: 10: 179 (1929) - Pyl γ osia stellata (Cope l.) Blumea 30: 208 (1984) ，Monog r. Pyrrosia Parris in Fem Gaz. 12: 119 (1 980). 177. 177. f. 26 (1986)] was distinguished from P. Cyclophorus Cyclophorus dimorphus Cope l. in J. Arn. serpe ηs to which this ，species had been re- Arb. Arb. 10: 180 (1 929) - Pyrrosia dimorpha ferred. ferred. Detailed notes are in Hovenkamp (Cope l.) Parris in Fem Gaz. 12: 119 (1 980) (1986). (1986). Pyrrosia lα nceolata non (L.) Farw. auc t.: 5. 5. Pyrrosia adnascens (S w .) Ching in B ull. Hovenk. ，Monog r. Pyrrosia 191 (1 986) ，p.p. Chin. Chin. Bo t. Soc. 1: 45 (1 935); Holt t.， Ferns Chinese Chinese name: 貼生石芳 恥1a l. 144. f. 60 (1955); Tagawa in Har 孔 Fl. Japanese Japanese name: ヒトツノ Tマメヅタ Eas t. Hima l. 497 (1 966); Tagawa & K. Iwats. Specimens examined. China. Wide spread in South in in Acta Phytotax. Geobo t. 25: 71 (1 972) ， F l. China ，distributing to eastwards to F吋ian and Taiwan ， Thai l. 3: 496 (1 989); K. Iwats. ， Ferns F. Allies west to Southem Yunnan. Some representative speci- Jap. Jap. 264. pl. 179 -4 (1 992); Shing ，Ic on. Corm. mens are: Guandong: S.Y. Lau 20272 (PE) ，Levine 1969 Sin. Sin. 1: 266. f. 532 (1 972); DeVol & Kuo ， F l. (MAK) ，T.M. Tsui 61 (MAK); Hainan: S.K. Lau 1451 ， Taiwan 1: 205 (1 975); Jones & Clemesha ， 1911 ，3512 ，4937 ，6319 (PE) ，c.I. Lei 813 (PE) ，McClure 9644 9644 (PE) ， W.T. Tsang 416 (PE); Guangxi: Y.K. Li Aust r. Ferns F. Allies 253. f. 30 (1976); PO PO 1030 (PE); Yunnan: K.H. Chai 510 (PE); F吋ian: H.H. Nakaike ，New F1. Jap. Pterid. 698 (1992); Tsai Chung Chung 1391 (PE) ， Q.-Q. Zhang 520 (PE) ，N.S. Zhe 2560 28 28 植物研究雑誌第72 巻第l号 平成9年2 月

(PE); (PE); Taiwan: Idzumi et al. 1399 (TI) ，Sasaki 721 (TI) ， 6.Pyr ・rosia ensata Ching & Shing ，sp. nov. Tagawa Tagawa 920 ，974 ，1791 ，2904 (KYO ，MICH) ，T.Y. Yang Species insignis configuratione P. linguae 230 230 (PE); Hongkong: S. Y. Hu 5174 (GH ，PE). Japan: (Thunb.) Farwell similis ， differt paleis Hatusima Hatusima 28566A (TI). Nepal: Fleming 1517 (BO) ， lanceolatis ，integris; frondibus subdimorphis ， Ohashi Ohashi et al. 774585 (TI). India: Assam ， Chand 2468 ， lanceolatis ， apice caudatis ，sterilibus 2-3 cm 4273 4273 (PE); Sikkim ，Hara et al. 213 (TI). Vietnam: Sino- Vietnam Vietnam 663 ， 2645 (KUN) ，Squies 315 (P). Thailand: latis ，fertilibus 1.3-2 cm latis ，stipite quam Tagawa Tagawa & Iwatsuki 379 (KYO). Philippines: Robinson lamina 1/3- 1/ 5 breviore ， lamina facie inferiore 11754 11754 (NY ，US) ，Sulit 14971 (MICH) ，Topping 749 ， pilis stellatis e radiis longioribus ，subulatis vel Williams Williams 1495 ，2256 (MICH ，PE). Indonesia. Sumatra: lanceolatis laxe persistente ，textura chartacea ， Bartlett Bartlett 6825 (BO); Malucca: H.F. Sun 353 (BO ，PE); venis utrinque valde manifestis. Java: Java: Palmer & Bryant 72 (US). Malaysia. Borneo: Chinese name: 剣葉石芳 Clemens Clemens 9481 ， 22040 (GH ，PE) ，H.F. Sun 6783 (PE); China. China. Yunnan: Mawei village ， Pingbian Malaya: Malaya: Henderson 20147 (PE ， SING); Singapore: county ，on 廿ee trunks ，800 m al t.， K.M. Feng Henderson Henderson 22763 (PE ，SING). Fiji: A.c. Smith 7256 ， 8110 ， 9518 (NY). Samoa: Chrsitophosen 446 (US) ， 5114 (type ， PE); Gong Shan ， Qing-zang Exped. Yuncker Yuncker 9458 (US). Papua New Guinea: Bamler 107 9235 (PE); Xizang ， in evergreen broad-leaved (type (type of C. hamleri: B，NY) ，Brass 1575 ，6457 ， 6482 forest ，1600-1800 m al t.， B.S. Li & S.Z. Cheng (BO ，NY) ，Pulle 1191 (BO) ，Samaria 387 (BO). Admi- 4299 (PE). ralty ralty 1s l.: Grether 3671 ， 4199 (M1CH). Marianas 1s l.: This is similartoP.lingua (Thunb.) Farwell Grether Grether 4315 ，4333 (M1CH). Guam: Moore 206 (US). and different from it in entire scales ， Habita t: Mostly epilithic or on rocks at low subdimorphic fronds lanceolate in outline and altitudes. altitudes. caudate at apex; stipes 1/3- 1/ 5 as long as Fronds Fronds distinctly dimorphic: the fertile lami- laminae ，sterile laminae 2-3 cm wide ，fertile nae nae are similar to those of P. lanceolata ， but laminae 1.3-2 cm wide ，texture of laminae both both the texture and induments are thinne r. chartaceous ，thinner stellate hairs with subulate A distinct forma is distinguished here as to longer lanceolate rays on lower surface of follows: follows: laminae; veins very distinct on both surfaces. Pyrrosia adnascens (Sw.) Ching f. Line drawings will be given in the second calcicola calcicola Shing ，f. nov. part with those of the other new species. Pyrrosi α calcicola Ching in Sched. 7. Pyrrosia rupestris (R. B r.) Ching in Chinese Chinese name: 釣生石芳 Bull. Chin. Bo t. Soc. 1: 49 (1 935); Tindale in A forma normali differt valde minore ， Cont r. N.S.W. Herb. Fl. Ser. 210: 32 (1961); sterilibus sterilibus 2 cm longis ， 1.5 cm latis ，fertilibus 7 Jones & Clemesha ，Aust r. Fems F. Allies 256 cm longis ，1 cm latis ， lamina supra calcareis (1 976); Hoshizaki in Baileya 21: 73. f. 10 B punctatis ， subtus pilis stellatibus densioribus ， (1 981); Hovenk. ，Monog r. Pyrrosia 237. f. 26 textura textura crasso conacea. (1 986) - Polypodium rupestre R. B r.， Prodr. China. China. Guangxi: Lingyun ， Qinglong Shan ， 146 (1810) ，nonBlume 1828 ， nec Roxb. 1844. ， Ching 156 (type in PE) on a rock at mountain Niphobolus cuneatus Kuhn in Bo t. Zei t. 26: top. top. 40 (1 868). This This new forma differs from the type forma Specimens examined. Australia. Queensland: in in much smaller size of plants ， with thickly Clemens s.n. (GH) ， Simmonds s.n. (BO); New South brown stellate hairs on the fronds and the Wales: Constable P-6279 (BO ，NY) ，P-7393 ，P-8625 ，P- fertile fertile laminae broader ， acute at apex ， with 9034 (US) ，Evans 2478 (US) ，Schodde 3242 (US). calcareous ， sunken hydathodes on the upper Habita t: Epiphytic ，on trunks or on rocks surface. surface. usually mingled with mosses ， in rain forests at February February 1997 Journal of Japanese Botany Vo l. 72 No. 1 29 low elevations. Chinese name: 南洋石芳 Rhizome long -creeping ， scales lanceolate ， Specimens examined. China. Hainan: N.K. Chung & long-acuminate ，thin ，lucid ，light brown ，en- c.L. Ts043439 (NY ，PE) ，H. Fung20204 (NY ，PE) ， F.C. How 70505 ，72109 (NY ，PE) ，S.P. Ko 52241 (PE) ，H. Y. tire. tire. Fronds distinctly dimorphic ，stipitate; Liang Liang 61999 ，63426 ，64277 ，64297 (PE) ， L. Teng 2503 stipes stipes 1/3 to 1/2 as long as laminae; sterile (KUN) ， C. Wang 33361 ，3397 ，35885 (PE); Yunnan: laminae laminae oblong or obovate ，1/ 2 as long as the Sino-USSR Exped. 9392 (KUN ， PE). Vietnam: Poilane fertile fertile ones; fertile laminae linear-lanceolate ， 5234 (NY ， P). Cambodia: Kira et a1. 311 ， 721 (KYO). up to 1 cm or more broad. Induments mono- Thailand: Murata 17627 (KYO) ，Beusekom et a1. 679 morphic ，stellate hairs with narrowly lanceo- (PE). Indonesia. Sumatra: Bartlett 1608 ，6450 ，7574 ， late late rays ，light brown. Sori usually on upper 7579 (NY) ， Yates 1710 (US) ，Boeea 9102 (US); Bangka half half of laminae ，2-3 series along both sides of Isl: Anta 343 (US). Malaysia. Borneo: Elmer 12661 ， 21334 (MICH ，NY) ， Hotta 14217 (KYO) ，Main 1911 midribs; midribs; spores bisculptate. (US) ，Topping 1376 (MICH); Malaya: Corner & 8. 8. Pyrrosia longifolia (Burm. f.) Morton in Henderson 23057 (SING); Malucca: Idhan jM ochtar ・104 ， J. J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 36: 168 (1 946); Holt t.， 335 (US). Singapore: Bels 259 (US). Philippines: Fems Ma l. 148. f. 63 (1 955); Jones & Clemesha ， Copeland 660 (MICH) ，Edano 16644 ，17265 ，24878 Aust r. Ferns F. Allies 198. f. 272 (1 980); (MICH) ，Elmer7751 (typeofCyclophorusacrostichoides Hovenk. ，Monog r. Pyrrosia 208. f. 25 (1986); va r. gracilis Cope l.， with narrower leaves ，MICH) ， Tagawa & K. Iwats. ， F l. Thai l. 3: 497 (1989)- Salvoza 3820 (US) ，Topping 1230 (MICH). New Guinea: Acrostichum Acrostichum longifolium Burm. f.， F l. Ind. 228 Brass 13919 (BO ，NY) ，Clemens 40763 (GH) ，van Royen 4052 (BO). Solomon Is l.: Braso 2554 (US). (1 786) ，non Jacq. 1789. Rarotonga: Rarotonga: Parks et al. 22098 (US). Pitcairn Is l.: Chapin Polypodium acrostichoides Fors t.， Prod r. 945 (US). Australia: Wilson 745 (US) ， Fosberg 15828 81 81 (1786) - Pyn ・osia acrostichoides (Fors t.) (US). Ching in Bul l. Chin. Bo t. Soc. 1: 69 (1 935). Habita t: Epiphytic on tree trunks at low Cyclophorusscolopendrium Cyclophorusscolopendrium Desv. inMem. elevations. Soc. Soc. Linn. Paris 6: 225 (1 827). This is more or less similar to P. lanceolata Niphobolus Niphobolus puberulus Blume ，Enum. Pl. in outline ， but rhizome scales are broadly Jav.2: Jav.2: 108 (1 828). ovate ， acuminate at apex ，light brown ， black at Niphobolusfissus Niphobolusfissus B1ume ，Enum. Pl. Jav. 2: attached point ，entire at base ，ciliate upwardl y， 106 (1 828). and often decayed at the top. Phyllopodia are Polypodium macropodium Baker ，J. Linn. taller ， often with scars of fallen off scales. Soc. Soc. Lond. 15: 108 (1 877) - PYl γ osia Fronds much longer ，linear ，subglabrous above ， macropoda (Bak.) Ching in Bul l. Chin. Bo t. and without hydathodes. Soc. Soc. 1: 70 (1 935). 9. Pyrrosia nuda (Gies.) Ching in Bul l. Cycloph01 ・us induratus Christ in J. Bo t. Chin. Bo t. Soc. 1: 70 (1 935); Tard.-Blot & C. Paris Paris 21: 238 ， 271 (1 908). Ch r.， Fl. Indo-Chine 7(2): 514 (1 94 1); Tagawa Cyclophorus Cyclophorus valeculosus v.A.v.R. in Bul l. & K. Iwats. in Acta Phytotax. Geobo t. 23: 110 Jard. Jard. Bo t. Buitenz. 11. 7: 10 (1 912). (1 968) ， F l. Thai l. 3: 499. f. 50-3 (1 989) - Cyclophorus Cyclophorus ac ・rostichoides (Fors t.) Pr. va r. Niphoholus nudus Gies. ， Farng. Niph. 149 hackeri hackeri v.A.v.R. in Bul l. Jard. Bo t. Buitenz. 11 (1 901 ). 7: 7: 10 (1 912). Pyrrosia lanceolata (L.) Farwell: Hovenk. ， Cyclophoruscinnamomeusv.A.v.R. Cyclophoruscinnamomeusv.A.v.R. inBul l. Monog r. Pyrrosia 19 1. f. 25 (1 986) ，p.p. Jard. Jard. Bo t. Buitenz. 111 5: 192 (1922). Chinese name: 裸葉石芳 Pyrrosia Pyrrosia coccideisquamata Gilli in Ann. Specimens examined. China. Hainan: Baisha ，Hainan No t. Mus. Wien 81: 26 (1 978). Exped. 693 (PE); Yunnan: Border to Burma ，J.E. Rock 30 30 植物研究雑誌第72 巻第1号 平成9年2月

7825 (US) ，Sino-USSR Exped. 2613 ，5547 ，7178 ，9396 Philippines: Copeland herb. 1595 (MICH) ，Elmer 5891 (KUN ，PE) ，Szemao ，Henry 12884-A (type ofNiphobolus (MICH). nudus ，GH) ，Mangshi ，Ching 50805 (PE) ，T. N. Liu Habita t: Epiphytic ，up to 800 m altitudes. 18143 18143 (PE) ，Gengma ， Y.H. Li 2225 (PE) ，Menglun ， S .J. Fronds are distinctly dimorphic ， with more Pei Pei 59-9477 ，59-10352 ，59-13267 ， 59-14251 (KUN) ， or less hairy stipes; sterile laminae lanceolate ， Fuhai ，C.W. Wang 73556 ，73862 ，74740 ，74955 ，76173 over over 2 cm wide ラ with thinner stellate hairs; (KUN ，PE) ，Cheli ，C. W. Wang 79605 ， 79881 (KUN ， PE) ，Changyuan ，C. W. Wang 73182 (PE) ，Nanjiao ， fertile laminae linear ， about 1 cm wide ， with C.W. Wang 76951 (KUN ，PE) ，Jinping ， Y.c. Xu 176 thicker stellate hairs; laminae thicker in tex- (PE) ，Hekou ，Ching 2502 (PE) ，Liangshan ，Ching 52811 ture ， with plane and slightly wrinkled upper (PE) ，Jinghong ，P. Y. Mao 20189 (KUN ，PE) ，K.M. Feng surface. Sori surrounded by dense stellatehairs ， 20864 (KUN ， PE); Sichuan: Tianquan ， Erlang Shan ， sunken. X. L. Liang 50794 (PE). Burma: Kingdon Ward 4 (K). 11. Pyrrosia lanceolata (L.) Farwell in Nepal: Nepal: Fleming 2156 ，2300 (TI) ，Hara et a l. s.n. in 1963 Ame r. Mid l. Na t. 12: 245 (1930); Ching in (TI) ， Kanai et al. 725455 (TI). Bhutan: Bartholomew & Bul l. Chin. Bo t. Soc. 1: 70 (1 935); Tard.-Blot Boufford Boufford 3800 (GH ，MAK). Assam: Chand 2859 ，5084 ， 6788 (BO) ， Koelz 26534 (BO) ，Mann 1033 (K). Marianas: & C. Ch r.， Fl. Indo-Chine 7(2): 515 (1 94 1); Evans 1996 (US). Samoa: Yunker 9055 (US). Alston ，Fems W. Trop. Africa 46 (1959); Habita t: Epiphytic on tree trunks in dense Tard.-Blot ， F l. Madagasc. 102 (1960); Cope l.， forests forests at 600-1200 m al t. Fem Fl. Phi l. 3: 472 (1 960); Schelpe ， F l. This This is close to the following species ， but Zambesiaca Pterid. 146 (1 970); Jacobson ， the the fronds are monomorphic ， with short stipes Fems F. Allies S. Africa 305. f. 221 (1 983); not not over 1 cm long ， densely covered with Ching & S.K. Wu ， Fl. Xizang.l: 335. f. 87 ，4- stellate stellate hairs; laminae 1.5 cm broad; costae 5 (1 983); Satija & Bir ， Polypod. Fems India 38 usually usually stramineous. The distribution area is (1 985); Hovenk. ，Monog r. Pyrrosia 191 chiefly chiefly in Himalayas ， eastwards to Yunnan ， (1 986) ，p.p.; Tagawa & K. Iwats. ， F l. Thai l. 3: southwards southwards to Thailand. 500 (1 989) - Acrostichum lanceolatum L. ， Sp. 10. 10. Pyrrosia varia (Kaulf.) Farwell in Amer. Pl. 2: 1067 (1 753). Mid l. Na t. 12: 302 (1 931); Ching in Bul l. Polypodium spissum Bory ex Willd. ， Sp. Pl. Chin. Chin. Bo t. Soc. 1: 70 (1 935); Holt t.， Fems 5: 146 (1 810) - Cyclophorus spissus (Willd.) Ma l. 146. f. 61 (1 955); Cope l.， FemF l. Phi l. 3: Desv. in Ber l. Mag. 5: 301 (1 811). 472 (1960); Dixit ， Cens. Ind. Pterid. 56 (1984); Acrostichum dubium Poi r. in Lam. ， Enc. Stija Stija & Bir ， Polypod. Fems Ind. 50 (1985); Supp l. 1: 120 (1 810) - Polypodium dubium Tagawa&K. Iwats. inActaPhytotax. Geobo t. (Poi r.) Kuhn ， Fi l. Afr ・. 147 (1 868). 23: 23: 52 (1968) ， F l. Thai l. 3: 499 (1989) - Cyclophorus glaber Desv. in Ber l. Mag. 5: Niphobolus Niphobolus varius Kaulf. ，Enum. 125 (1824). 301 (1 811). Pyrrosia Pyrrosia lanceolata (L.) Farwell: Hoven k.， Polypodium vitl αrioides Met t.， Famg. Polyp. 民10nog r. Pyrrosia 191 (1 986) ，p.p. 126 (1 857) - Niphobolus vittarioides (Met t.) Chinese Chinese name: 二形石芳 Moore ， Fi Ind. l. 276 (1 861). Specimens Specimens examined. Vietnam: Hayata s.n. (TI). Niphobolus giesenhageni Christ in Ann. Malaya: Malaya: M.-Allen 1455 ，2666 ，4634 (NY ，SING) ， Cons. Jard. Bo t. Geneve 7-8: 330 (1904) - Canright Canright 1094 (NY) ，Henderson 29076 (GH ， SING). Cyclophorus giesenhageni (Christ) C. Ch r.， Sumatra: Sumatra: de Wilde 12526 P (BO ，NY) ， H.F. Sun 6804 Ind. Fi l. 199 (1 906). (BO ， PE); Lombok: Timbanur 9298 ，9316 (GH); Java: Cycloph01 ・us cornutus Cope l. in Brittonia Schiffner Schiffner 1893 ， 1894 (BO); Borneo: Clemens 21485 1: 1: 77 ，pl. 3 (1931)-Pyrrosia cornuta (Cope l.) (MICH) ， Holttum 25123 (SING) ，Kondo et al. 38706 (BO) ，Korthals s.n. (BO); Sarawak: Richards 2656 (US). Tagawa in J. Jap. Bo t. 22: 163 (1 949). February February 1997 Journal of Japanese Botany Vo l. 72 No. 1 31

Chinese Chinese name: 披針石芳 (PE). Korea: Faurie 80 (KYO) ， Taquet 3829 (TI) ，r. C. Specimens examined. China. Yunnan: Marlipo ，C.W. Chung 8866 (PE). Japan: numerous collections includ- Wang 86200 (type of Pyrrosia marlipoensis Ching in ing Brooks 611 (US) ， Faurie 1563 ， 7221 (KYO) ，Hayata herb. herb. PE; KUN) ，Lushui ，W.M. Chu 22979 (type of s.n. (TI) ，Iwatsuki 4556 (KYO) ，Iwatsuki et al. 60 (KYO) ， Pyrrosia Pyrrosia sublaevis Ching in herb. PE; PYU) ，Changyuan ， Kanai et al. s.n. (TI) ，Makino s.n. (T I)， Namegata 3372 C. W. Wang 73169 (PE); Xizang: Medog ，Quinghai- (TNS) ，Tateishi 4479 (TI) ， Togasi 1362 (TI). Xizang Comp. Exped. 74-1785 ，74-4194 ，74-5039 (PE). Habita t: Epiphytic on tree trunks orepilithic Burma: Dickason F164 ，417 ，557 ，559 (GH) ，Young 18 on moist mossy rocks in deep forests. (US). (US). Nepal: Fleming 2137 ，2144 ，2150 ，2153 ，2154 ， This species shares its character of the 2181 ，2184 (ICH) ，Hara et al. 26039 (TI). Sri Lanka: palmatifid laminae withP. polydactyla (Hance) Faden 76/643 (K). Thailand: Tuyama T-57398 (KYO). Ching from Taiwan but this has usually trifid Borneo: Clemens 5324 ，21483 (type of Cyclophorus laminae laminae with short and broad lobes. The stellate cornutus cornutus Cope l. in MICH) ，with multifurcate segments at at the top of laminae. Ceram: 1watsuki et al. 50 ，202 ，611 hairs are thick ， bearing short and lanceolate (TI) ，Kato et al. 2188 ，5021 and many others (TI). New rays. Guinea: Clemens 10578 D (GH). 13. Pyrrosia abbreviata (Zoll. & Mori t.) Habita t: Epiphytic orepilithic on tree trunks Tagawa in Acta Phytotax. Geobo t. 25: 180 or or on rocks at 800-2200m al t. (1 973); Hovenk. in Blumea 30: 208 (1 984) ， The general mo 中hology oflaminae is simi- Monog r. Pyn ・osia 149. f. 22 ，29 (1986) - lar lar to the fertile laminae of P. adnascens ， but P. Niphobolus abbreviatus Zol l. & Mori t. in Na t. lanceolata lanceolata is monomorphic or at most Gen. Arch. 1: 397 (1 844). subdimorphic subdimorphic and some sterile laminae are Specimens examined. Sumatra: M.-Allen 2413 more or less larger in size. Both Giesenhagen (SING) ，Bartlett 7137 (GH) ，Borssum 2083 ，2273 (BO) ， (1901) (1901) and Hovenkamp (1986) observed the Holttum 28117 (SING) ， Iwatsuki et al. 727 ，1591 ， 1599 (KYO) ， Jacobsen 79 (US) ， Lorzing 7021 ，8742 ，8756 ， number of cells ad joini 時 the stomata-grooves 9553 ，12734 ，13704 ，15979 (BO) ，H. F. Sun 7154 (PE) ， and and found that it was possible to distinguish de de Wilde et al. 12464 ，12709 ， 13561 (BO) ， Yates 1173 the the species of the group of P. varia and P. (GH). Java: RacibOI 叫ci s.n. (BO) ， H.F. Sun 1942 (PE ， adnascens adnascens based on this characte r. Ecological T I). Flores: Kostermans 22122 (BO). Timor: Posthumus conditions ， such as water supply ，light density ， 3366 (BO). temperature ，nutrients availability and so on ， Habita t: Epiphytic or epilithic at low to may be influensive to determine lamina mor- middle elevations phology. phology. Rhizome long-creeping ， covered with im- 12. 12. Pyrrosia hastata (Thunb. ex. Hout t.) bricate scales; scales peltate ， broadly lanceo- Ching Ching in Bul l. Chin. Bo t. Soc. 1: 48 (1 935); late ，pitch-black with brown margin ，ciliate. Hovenk. ，Monogr ・.Pyl ・rosia 186. f. 19 (1986); Fronds indistinctly dimorphic; laminae ovate K. K. Iwats. ，Fer 百 s F. Allies Jap. 263. f. 178 ， 5-6 or broadly elliptic ， obtuse at apex ， shortly (1 992) - Acrostichum hastatum Hout t.， Na t. cuneate at base; stipes 2-3 times as long as the His t. 2(1 4): 68. t. 95. f. 2 (1 783). laminae; stellate hairs dense with boat-shaped Polypodium tricuspe Sw. in Schrad. 1. Bo t. rays ， pointed along costae; upper surface 1800(2): 1800(2): 21 (1 801) - Pyrrosia tricuspe (Sw.) sparsely pitted ，glabrescent; lower surface Tagawa in J. Jap. Bo t. 32: 357 (1 957) ， nom. densely covered with the same stellate hairs as superfl.; superfl.; R .J. Cheng ， F l. Anhui 1: 199 (1 989) ， on stipes but with more delicate rays. exc l. f. 208. 14. Pyrrosia caudifrons Ching ， Boufford Chinese Chinese name: 戟叶石芳 & Shing in J. Arn. Arb. 64: 37. f. 7 d-g (1 983); Japanese Japanese name: イワオモダカ Shing ， Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mts. 1: 670 (1 993). Specimens examined. China. Anhui: col l. unknown Pyrrosia lingua (Thunb.) Farw.; Hovenk. ， 32 植物研究雑誌第72 巻第1号 平成9年2月

Monogr. Pyrrosia 203 (1986) ，p.p. 16. Pyrrosia lingua (Thunb.) Farwell in Chinese Chinese name: 尾葉石芳 Amer. Mid l. Na t. 12: 302 (1 931); Ching in Specimens examined. China. Hubei: Shennongjia ， Bul l. Chin. Bo t. Soc. 1: 60 (1 935); Tard.-Blot Sino-Ame r. Exped. 1159 (type ， PE; GH ，KUN) ，Hefeng ， & C. Ch r.， Fl. Indo-Chine 7(2): 508 (1 941); H .J. Li 6840 (KUN ， PE); Sichuan: Tianquan ，K .J. Guan Shing ，Ic on. Corm. Sin. 1: 269. f. 537 (1 972); & W.T. Wang 2330 (PE) ，Daxiangling ，S.S. Kung 3691 DeVol&Kuo ，Fl. Taiwan 1: 206 (1 975); Satija (PE) ，Leibo ， Z.T. Guan 5436 (PE) ，Emei Shan ， K.H. Shing Shing & K. Y. Long 519 ，525 ， 1163 (PE) ，Wenchuan ， & Bir ，Polypod. Fems Ind. 39 (1985); Hovenk. ， Sichuan Sichuan Exped. 8355 (PE) ，Maowen ， Sichuan Exped. Monog r. Pyrrosia 202. f. 21 a (1 986) ，p.p.; K. 8651 8651 (PE). Iwats. ，Fems F. Allies Jap. 263. pl. 179 ， 1-3 Habita t: Epilithic on rocks at 1190-2000 m (1 992); Nakaike ，New Fl. Jap. Pterid. 701 altitudes. altitudes. (1 992); Tsai & Chieh ， F l. Taiwan 2nd ed. 1: This This is similar to P. heteractis and P. lin- 514 (1 994) - Acrostichum lingua Thunb. ， F l. gua ，differs from the former in hairs only with Jap. 330. pl. 33 (1 784). lanceolate lanceolate rays and from the latter in the ellip- Polypodium taiwanense Christ in Warb. ， tic tic outline of laminae with caudate apex and Mons.l: 60 (1 900)-Cyclophorustaiw ω 1ensis thinner thinner texture and induments. C. (Christ) Ch r.， Ind. Fi l. 199 (1 906). 15. 15. Pyrrosia petiolosa (Christ) Ching in Niphobolus martini Christ in Bul l. Soc. Bul l. Chin. Bo t. Soc. 1: 59 (1 935); Steward ， France 52. Mem. 1: 23 (1 905) - Pyrrosia Man. Vasc. Pl. Lower Yangtze 53 (1 958); martini (Christ) Ching in Acta Phytotax. Sin. Shing ，Icon. Corm. Sin. 1: 268. f. 536 (1 972); 10: 304 (1 965). Hoven k.， Monog r. Pyrrosia 220. f. 21 b (1986) Cyclophorus bodinieri Lev. ， F l. Kouy- - Polypodium petiolosum Christ in Baroni & Tcheou 478 (1 915). Christ Christ in Nuovo Giom. Bo t. Soc. It al. n.s. 4: Cyclophorus lingua (Thunb.) Desv. va r. 96. 96. t. 1. f. 2 (1 897). angst~斤ons Hayata ，Ic. Pl. Formos. 5: 264 Chinese Chinese name: 有柄石芳 (1 915). Specimens examined. China: widely spreading in Pyrrosia medogensis Ching & S.K. Wu ，F l. North ，Northeast ，Northwest ，and Southwest ， and the Xizang. 1: 335. f. 87 ， 1-3 (1 983). provinces provinces along the middle and lower Yangtze Rive r. Chinese name: 石芳 Rare Rare localities are: Shangdong ，T. Y. Cheo et a1. 279 ， Japanese Japanese name: ヒトツノす 2695 (PE) ，Anhui ， C.S. Fan et a1. 1 (PE) ，Jiangsu ，C. T. Specimens Specimens examined. China. Widespread except in Chen 978 (PE) ，DeVol 114 ，597 ，623 ，849 (PE) ，Tianjing ， Northeast Northeast and North. Shaangxi: Pingli ， G. Laihou 225 Clemens 1553 (GH) ，Chejiang ， Z.X. Zhang 101 (PE) ， (PE); (PE); Guichow: Gan-pin ， Martin & Bodinier 2128 (type type type from Shaanxi. Korea: I. C. Chung 1928 (PE) ， Faurie of of Cyclophorus martinii ， PE); Xizang: Qinghai-Xizang 79 ，707 (KYO) ， Nakai 2723 ，8258 ， 10484 (TI) ， Nakai et Exped. Exped. 1789 (type of P. medogensis ， PE). Representa- 1. a1. 301-304 ，311-314 (TI). Russia: Torepkhkas.n. (US). tive tive collections from Taiwan: Alishan ，Y. F. Chen 913 ， Habita t: Epilithic on rocks and rarely 1935 ，5354 (PE) ， Inada s.n. (TI) ，It o & Hayata s.n. (type epiphytic. epiphytic. of Cyclophorus lingua va r. angustifrons ，TI) ， H. Ito s.n. Plants Plants 5-10 cm tall ， sometimes confused (in 1936 ，TI) ，Makino s.n. (in 1896 ，1899 ，TI) ， Togashi with with smaller plants of P. lingua ， but the rhi- s.n. (in 1977 ，TI). Japan: Kinkazan ，Gifu ，K. H. Shing 07 zome scales ovate-lanceolate ，short acute ，ob- (PE) ，Okinawa Is 1.， Walker et a1. 6374 ，6490 (US); tuse ， not long-acuminate; stipes with thicker various forms ，furcate ，cristate ，crispate ，etc. ，cultivated hairs; hairs; laminae oblong or ovate-oblong ， obtuse by Junzou Oguro; Korea: I.c. Chung 1920 (PE) ， Nakai 1314 ，6616 ，6617 (TI) ， O. Yongsok 7997 (TI). India: at at apex ， thicker and coriaceous in texture ， Assam ， G. Mann s.n. (K). usually usually revolute when dry; upper surface of Habita t: Epilithic on rather dry rocks ， or laminae laminae distinctly puncticulate. epiphytic epiphytic on tree trunks at lower elevations. February February 1997 Journal of Japanese Botany Vo l. 72 No. 1 33

This This species is very common in East and Guangdong ， west to Yunnan. Representative specimens eastem Southeast Asia and quite variable in are; Taiwan: Faurie 8434 (KYO) ，Hayata & Sasaki (a form ，size ，and thickness of laminae according syntype of P. grandissima ，TI) ， C. c. Hsu 6087 (PE) ， to to different ecological habitats; this is true Kawakami 2397 (TI) ，Kawakami & Mori 1876 ，2397 (TI) ，Tagawa 109 ，3730 (KYO) ，Tamura et al. 223516 especially especially in artificial cultivation. There are (KYO); Guizhou: Cavalerie 1809 (GH ， P); Hunan: Fan many infraspecific names everprovided mostly & Li 433 (PE); Sichuan: W.P. Feng 4539 ，51335 (type of from Japan for monstrous forms ， for instance P. nanchuanensis ， PE). Vietnam: Hayata s.n. (TI) ，Sino- cristata ，monstrifera ，bifida ，contorta ，and so Vietnam exped. 386 (KUN ， PE). on. on. Pyrrosia martini (Christ) Ching was dis- Habita t: On tree trunks or on rocks at 800- tinguished tinguished only by longer stipes ， oblong lami- 1200 m altitudes. nae and thinner stellate hairs ，and is not This species is characterized by glabrous taxonomically taxonomically different from this variable spe- stipes as long as laminae; laminae oblong- cles. cles. lanceolate ，short acuminate at apex ， unequally 17. 17. Pyrrosiasheareri (Ba k.) Ching inBull. subcordate at base ，thick-coriaceous in tex- Chin. Chin. Bo t. Soc. 1: 64 (1 935) ，Ic on. Fi l. Sin. t. ture ， lower surface covered with monomor- 147 147 (1 935); C. Ch r. & Tard.-Blot in No t. Sys t. phic stellate hairs with short and broad-lan- 8: 8: 206 (1 939); Tard.-Blot & C. Chr. ， F l. Indo- ceolate rays. Chine 7(2): 509 (1 941); TagawainJ. Jap. Bo t. 18. Pyrrosia ceylanica (Gies.) Sledge in 24: 24: 116 (1949); Steward ，Man. Vasc. Pl. Lower Bull. Bri t. Mus. (Na t. His t.) Bo t. 2: 133 (1 960); Yangtze 53 (1 958); Shing ，Ic on. Corm. Sin.l: Dixit ， Cens. Ind. Pterid. 53 (1 984); Satija & 270. 270. f. 539 (1 972); DeVol & Kuo ， F l. Taiwan Bir ， Polypod. Fems Ind. 53 (1985); Hovenk. ， 1: 1: 208 (1975); Hoven k.， Monog r. Pyrrosia Monog r. Pyrrosia 163 (1 986) - Niphobolus 246. 246. f. 19 (1 986); Tsai & Shieh ， F l. Taiwan ceylanicusGies. ，Famg. Niph. 216. f. 19 (1901). 2nd ed. 1: 516. pl. 200 (1 994) - PO 今'P odium Specimens examined. Sri Lanka: Thwaites CP 993 ， sheareri sheareri BakerinJ. Bo t. Lond.13: 201 (1 949) ， 3293 (K). type type from Lushan ，Jiangxi ， Shearer 282. Habita t: Epiphytic or epilithic. Niphobolus Niphobolus inaequalis Christ in Bull. Soc. Somewhat similar to P. αdnascens ， but rhi-

France France 52. Mem.l: 25 (1 905) - Cyclophorus zome scales entire ，fronds subdimorphic ，lami 四 inaequalis inaequalis (Christ) C. Ch r.， Ind. Fi l. 199 (1906). nae shorter and broader ，stipes shorte r. Cyclophorus Cyclophorus grandissimus Hayata ，Ic on. 19. Pyrrosia foveolata (Alston) Morton in l. Pl. Formos. 4: 255.f. 179 (1 914) - Pyrrosia Cont r. U.S. Na t. Herb. 38(6): 234 (1 973); grandissima grandissima (Hayata) Ching in Bull. Chin. Hovenk. ，Monog r. Pyrrosia 18 1. f. 35 c，d Bo t. Soc. 1: 63 (1 935). (1 986) ， p.p. exc l. va r. lauterbachii - Cyclophorus Cyclophorus dr α keanus (Franch.) C. Ch r. f. Cyclophorus foveolatus Alston in J. Bot. maxima Wu et al. in Bull. Dep t. Bio l. Sun Lond. 78: 226 (1 940). Yatsen Univ. 3: 338. pl. 160 (1 932) - Cyclophorus brassii Cope l. in Univ. Calif. Cyclophorus Cyclophorus sheareri (Bak.) C. Ch r. f. maxima Pub l. Bo t. 18: 226 (1 948) - Pyrrosia brassii (Wu et al.) C. Ch r. in Bull. Dep t. Bio l. Sun (Cope l.) Pic. Se r. in Webbia 31: 249 (1 977). Yatsen Yatsen Univ. 6: 18 (1 938). Specimens examined. Papua New 、Guinea: Brass 5244 ，11372 (type of P. hr αssii) ，11611 ，11722 ，11832 Pyrrosia Pyrrosia nanchuanensis Ching in Bul l. (B ，BO) ， Carr 13020 (B) ， Croft 61862 (BO) ，Pu Il e 1191 Chin. Chin. Bo t. Soc. 1: 65 (1 935). (BO) ，Womersley et al. 4793 (BO). Chinese Chinese name: 鹿山石芳 Habita t: Epiphytic on tree trunks at 1200- Specimens examined. China: common in provinces 1900 1900 m altitude. along along the Yangtze River ， eastwards to Taiwan ， south to In In general habit this is similar to P. 34 植物研究雑誌第72 巻第1号 平成9年2月 lanceolata lanceolata but distinct from it in large ，scat- Y.C. Jeng 2485 (BO) ， Kawakami & Mori 2396 (TI) ， tered tered sori ， sunk in cavities ，subglabrous upper Sasaki 657 ，755 (TI) ，T. Sato 269 (TI) ，Shimizu 10981 surface surface of laminae ， hydathodes lacking ， and (KUN ，KYO) ，Takenaka 1 (TI) ， Tagawa 720 ，1030 ， 1310 ，1334 ，1784 ，1864 ，2943 ，3027 ，3260 ，3699 ，3723 ， long ， acuminate rhizome scales sparsely cili- 3729 3729 (KYO ，MICH) ，Tamura 21004 (KYO). ate ate at margm. Habita t: Epiphytic ，epilithic ， or terrestrial ， 20. 20. Pyrrosia sphaerosticha (Met t.) Ching at at lower or middle elevations. in in Bull. Chin. Bo t. Soc. 1: 62 (1 935); Cope l.， Frond Frond construction with palmately dissected FernF l. Phi l. 3: 474 (1 960); Holt t. InNov. Bo t. fronds fronds with linear lobes is unique feature in the Ins t. Bo t. Univ. Ca r. Prag. 50 (1 968); Hovenk. ， genus genus Pyrrosia. Rhizome short; scales lanceo- Monog r. Pyrrosia 249. f. 22 (1 986) - late ，brown with dark brown center ，fimbriate; Polypodium sphaerostichum 孔1et t.， Farng. induments induments monomorphic; lower surface of Polypod. Polypod. 130. t. 3. f. 4 (1 856). laminae laminae with stellate hairs bearing long and Niphobolus Niphobolus sarasinorum Gies. ，Famg. Niph. narrowly narrowly lanceolate rays ，upper surface 162 (1 901). puncticulate ，sparsely covered by hairs. This is Niphobolus Niphobolus warburgii Gies. ， Farng. Niph. an an omamentally evaluated species and widely 163 163 (1 901). cultivated. cultivated. Cyclophorus Cyclophorus pseudolingu αvλv.R. ，Ma l. 22. 22. Pyrrosia assimilis (Bak.) Ching in Bull. Ferns Ferns 692 (1 909). Specimens Specimens examined. Philippines: Celestino 2547 Chin. Bo t. Soc. 1: 49 (1 935); Steward ，Man. (MICH) ， Edano 11262 (MICH) ， Elmer 9512 ，10766 ， Vasc. P l. Low. Yangtse Va l. Chin. 53 (1 958); 19786 ，21962 (BO ，MICH) ， Mendoza 1723/1 (MICH) ， Shing ，Ic on. Corm. Sin. 1: 267. f. 533 (1972); Sulit Sulit 8667 (MICH) ， Zwickey 481 (US). Sulawesi: Hoven k.， Monog r. Pyrrosia 158. f. 20 b， 31 Bunnemeijer Bunnemeijer 11336 (BO) ，Darnaedi 1761 ， (BO) 2112 ， (1 986) - Polypodium assimile Baker in J. Bo t. Hennipman Hennipman 5085 (BO) ，Posthumus 2493 ，2724 ， 3436 Lond. 13: 201 (1 857). (BO) ，Wisse 79 (BO). Niphobolus assimilis (Bak.) Diels va r. Habita t: Epiphytic ，at 200-1500 m altitude. moll~斤ons Hand.-Mazz. ，Symb. Sin. 6: 46 This This is similar to P. lingua in appearance (1 929) but but different from it in: rhizome sca1es short1y Cyclophorus assimilis (Bak.) C. Chr. f. and and sparse1y ci1iate or often glabrous; upper lobata Wu et al. in Bu1 1. Dep t. Bo t. Sun Yatsen surface surface of 1aminae glabrous and b1ack Univ. 3: 336. t. 159 (1 932) puncticu1ate ，10wer surface with fluffy Pyrrosia assimilis (Bak.) Ching va r. induments ，stellate hairs with 10ngerrays; veins longissima Ching in Lingnan Sci. J. 21: 33 obscure obscure by pseudoacrostichoid sori. (1945). 21. 21. Pyrrosia polydactyla (Hance) Ching Chinese name: 相昇石芳 in in Bu1 1. Chin. Bo t. Soc.l: 48 (1 935); DeVo1 & Specimens examined. China. Yunnan: Jinping ，S.K. Kuo ， F l. Taiwan 1: 207 (1 975); Hovenk. ， Wu4000(KUN ，PE); Sichuan: Nanping ，K.Y. Langeta l. Monog r. Pyrrosia 223. f. 19 (1 986); Tsai & 1745 (PE) ，Qianjiang ， X.Y. Hou 656 (PE); Jiangxi; Shieh ， F l. Taiwan 2nd ed. 1: 515 (1 994) - Shearer s.n. (type ，PE) ，Jinggang Shan ，J. F. Cheng 63234 Polypodium polydactylon Hance in l Bo t. (PE) ， Lu Shan ，H.C. Cheo 41 (PE) ，Y.G. Xung 9895 Lond. Lond. 21: 269 (1 883). (PE); Fujiang: Taining ， M.S. Li 861 (PE) ， Chongan Exped. Exped. 2030 (PE) ，Liencheng ，H.Y. Cheng 760 (PE); Pyrrosia Pyrrosia pseudopolydactylis Serizawa in ~. Anhui: Lishang ，Ching 4374 (PE) ，Siuning ， Q.M. Huang Jap. Jap. Bo t. 45: 120. f. 1 (1 970). 39 39 (PE) ，Baiyue ，K.K. Tsoong 3604 (PE); Zhejiang: Chinese Chinese name: 械葉石芳 Taishun ，S.Y. Zhang 5605 (PE) ，Longquan ，R.H. Shan Specimens Specimens examined. China: known only from Tai- 5612 (PE) ，Yandang ，K. K. Tsoong 3204 (PE); Hunan: wan: wan: Bartlett 6156 (GH) ，Faurie 609/6136 (KYO ，US) ， Xinning ，C.S. Fan & Y.Y. Li 660 (PE); Guichow: February February 1997 Journal of Japanese Botany Vo l. 72 No. 1 35

Pingchow ，Y. Tsiang 6851 (PE) ，Dejiang ， B.Q. Zhong acuminate at apex ， widest at attached portion ， 672 (PE); Guangdong: S.K. Lau 2542 (GH ，PE) ，W.T. broadly round at base ，blackish ，entire ，slightly Tsang ， ， (GH ，PE) ， (type of 20896 21356 26077 26223 na 汀 ower upwards ，brown with lighter margin ， va r. longissima Ching ， PE); Guangxi: Luchen ， R.C. denticulate. Laminae linear-lanceolate ，attenu- Ching 5358 (PE) ，Guilin ， J.X. Zhong 808692 (PE). ate ate to the base ，sessile. lnduments in one layer ， Habita t: Epilithic on rocks ， sometimes on the the stellate hairs with acicular rays ，grey ，and tree tree trunks at 270-2300 m altitudes. irregular irregular in length. Rhizome scales peltate ， broadly lanceolate ，

非s 公侠a ，岩槻邦男 b アジアと大洋州のヒ卜ツ これは種をずいぶん大きくとる分類に従っている パ属(ウラボシ科) (1) ので，かえって混乱を招いているところもある. ヒトツパ属は旧世界に広く分布するが，種数が 本論文では，中国や東南アジアの種を中心に こ 最も多いのはアジアである.とりわけ，ヒマラヤ の魅力的な属に属するアジアと大洋州の全種を 64 から中国にかけてと，東南アジアには多様な種が 種に整理した.各種への検索表も用意し，種の同 生育する.この属は栽培が容易であることもあっ 定に供した.中国から 3 新種も報告した.これは て，シダ植物の愛好者は強い関心をもつものであ その第一部で，序論，検索表と 22 種を取り扱った.

る. 1986 年に Hovenkamp によって整理されたが， (a 中国科学院植物研究所， b 立教大学理学部)