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© International Telecommunication Union INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION No. 9 November 2010

www.itu.int/itunews A Better Design of the Wireless World

Tomorrow‘s Communication Designed Today System Solutions and Expertise for Radio Spectrum Management and Network Planning & Engineering.

www.LStelcom.com Editorial

ITU in good shape to face the future Dr Hamadoun I. Touré ITU Secretary-General ITU/V. Martin ITU/V.

Welcome to this special edition, which highlights The decision to establish an Independent Manage- achievements from the 18th ITU Plenipotentiary ment Advisory Committee will improve our opera- Conference, held in Guadalajara, Mexico, on tions. We will also continue to develop our facilities 4–22 October 2010. As we look back to those three and capabilities for electronic meetings to increase weeks of intense work, we can all be proud of the remote participation by our members. landmark decisions we have taken for humanity. A number of resolutions from previous pleni- The conference brokered an agreement on a potentiary conferences were revised to enhance number of key resolutions on Internet issues, which our work in emergency communications and hu- strengthen and underline our commitment to work manitarian assistance, bridging the standardization with the Internet community. Greater collaboration gap, strengthening regional presence, and in assist- and coordination, on the basis of reciprocity, between ing Small Island Developing States and Landlocked ITU and relevant organizations will ensure maximum Developing Countries and economies in transition. benefi ts to the global community. These organiza- Revisions were also made to a resolution giving fresh tions include the Internet Corporation for Assigned impetus and direction to ITU Telecom events, which Names and Numbers, the regional Internet registries, will now be redesigned into a single global event to the Internet Engineering Task Force, the Internet take place annually, on the basis of a competitive bid- Society and the World Wide Web Consortium. ding process. Many new resolutions were passed that will Above all, sound strategic and fi nancial plans boost our programmes and initiatives in the areas of were approved for ITU for the years 2012–2015. accessibility, ICT and climate change, conformance And a revised resolution on human resources devel- and interoperability, while others will open up the opment stresses the importance of the staff of the way for academia and for more private-sector enti- Union for the fulfi lment of its goals and objectives. ties from developing countries to join ITU. Measures The Guadalajara Conference has left ITU in good have also been defi ned to help prevent the illicit use shape to face the future. It has put in place the right and abuse of telecommunication networks. A pre- framework to allow the ICT sector to embrace and paratory process was approved for the holding of the profi t from whatever new developments and trends World Conference on International Telecommunica- occur between now and the next Plenipotentiary tions in 2012. A new Council Working Group will Conference, to be held in the Republic of Korea steer us towards a stable Constitution of the Union. in 2014.

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 1 The ICT world in Mexico

Cover photo: AFP/NOTIMEX

1 Editorial ISSN 1020–4148 www.itu.int/itunews ITU in good shape to face the future 10 issues per year Dr Hamadoun I. Touré, ITU Secretary-General Copyright: © ITU 2010

Editor-in-Chief: Patricia Lusweti Mexico’s President Felipe Calderón Hinojosa sets Art Editor: Christine Vanoli 4 Circulation Assistant: R. Soraya the tone for the Plenipotentiary Conference Abino-Quintana Working tirelessly to bridge the digital divide

Printed in Geneva by the ITU Printing and Dispatch Division. Material from this Remarks by Mexico’s Minister of Communications and Transport publication may be reproduced in full or 10 Juan Francisco Molinar Horcasitas in part, provided that it is accompanied by the acknowledgement: ITU News.

Disclaimer: Opinions expressed in this A word from the Governor of the State of Jalisco publication are those of the authors and 12 Emilio González Márquez do not engage ITU. The designations employed and presentation of material in this publication, including maps, do not imply the expression of any Structure of the conference opinion whatsoever on the part of 13 ITU concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or concerning the delimitations of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specifi c companies or of certain products Landmark decisions from Guadalajara does not imply that they are endorsed 15 or recommended by ITU in preference to others of a similar nature that are not 15 Internet issues mentioned. 20 Cybersecurity Editorial offi ce/Advertising information: Tel.: +41 22 730 5234/6303 23 WSIS implementation Fax: +41 22 730 5935 E-mail: [email protected] 25 Conformance and interoperability

Mailing address: 27 Accessibility for people with disabilities, including age-related disabilities International Telecommunication Union Place des Nations 28 The role of telecommunications/information and communication CH–1211 Geneva 20 (Switzerland) technologies on climate change and the protection of the environment

Subscriptions: Tel.: +41 22 730 6303 Fax: +41 22 730 5935 E-mail: [email protected]

2 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 Contents The ICT world in Mexico

29 Preparations for the 2012 World Conference on International Telecommunications

30 Next-generation network deployment in developing countries

32 ITU Telecom events

33 Gender equality… a focus on women and girls in ICT

34 Information and communication technology index and community connectivity indicators

35 Increasing membership

37 Assistance and support

38 The Council New composition of Council Member States (page 39)

40 A mixed bag

43 Strategic Plan for ITU for 2012–2015

45 Financial Plan for the years 2012–2015

47 More new and revised Resolutions

48 Closure of the conference

50 The conference in photos

Offi cial Visits 54 Offi cial Visits in Guadalajara, Mexico (pages 54–59) Offi cial Visits in Geneva (page 60)

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 3 AFP/Notimex

Mexico’s President Felipe Calderón Hinojosa sets the tone for the Plenipotentiary Conference Working tirelessly to bridge the digital divide

Guadalajara: Mexico’s Silicon Valley the world. Jalisco is home, for example, to Jimena The state of Jalisco boasts many beauty spots, Navarrete, Miss Universe 2010, while Guadalajara from Los Altos, the World Heritage highlands itself is home to Chicharito Hernández, Manchester region with its sweeping agave plantations, United’s goalkeeper, and to Checo Pérez, a Formula 2 to Tequila and all the way to Puerto Vallarta. driver who will move up to Formula 1 next season.” Guadalajara — Mexico’s second largest city Jalisco state and the city of Guadalajara, as the and the capital of the state of Jalisco — is re- President went on to underline, are not only much nowned for its cultural heritage rich in histo- loved, but are also very productive and very hard- ry, traditions and architecture. Guadalajara’s working, especially in producing software and hard- high-tech industry, with high-production ware for telecommunications and more generally for rates of computer components and electronic information technology. Almost half of the world’s goods, including mobile phones, has earned BlackBerries come from Guadalajara, the President this city the nickname of Mexico’s “Silicon added, waving his own BlackBerry handset. “If you Valley”. are holding one now, it was probably made here in Mexico, in this very city,” he said. President Calderón bid a warm welcome to del- President Calderón was speaking from Expo egates from all parts of the world and expressed the Guadalajara, a massive exposition and trade show hope that they would all “be able to enjoy to the full complex considered to be one of Mexico’s most im- the beautiful city of Guadalajara and the great beau- portant Convention Centres, where he inaugurated ty spots of the State of Jalisco”, including its mariachi ITU’s 18th Plenipotentiary Conference on 4 October music, tequila and local delicacies. 2010. He thanked ITU and all its Member States for The President said that “In addition to these choosing Mexico as the venue for a conference that things, Jalisco has also produced some of the most would map out the route for all countries to follow in noteworthy individuals of Mexico and indeed of the coming years. Guadalajara, he said, provided an

4 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 as ittransforms itselftomeetthefuture. indigenous roots, Mexicoismakingrapid advances the secondquarterof2010.Acountrywithstrong has asolideconomy, withgrowth of7.6percentin cism, voiceopinions,assembleandlive.Thecountry are free electionsandthebasiclibertytoexpress criti- Mexico hasbuiltademocratic country, where there freedom andnationalpride.Overthepast200years, are celebrating thebicentenaryofindependence, Mexico andmanyothercountriesintheAmericas Plenipotentiary Conference meetinginayearwhich of theMexicanRevolution independence and100years Celebrating 200yearsof vanced infrastructure. but oftheentire continent”andbecauseofitsad- cause “itisoneofthegreat cities,notonlyofMexico ideal settingforthePlenipotentiaryConference be- The President highlightedthesignifi Mexico’s President Felipe Calderón setsthetone cance of the and convergence Coverage, competitiveness The Government’s ICT strategy: exercise offreedom ofexpression.” knowledge, informationandthefulldemocratic participate inthisnewrevolution, whichisbasedon people canhaveaccesstothenewtechnologiesand is ourdutytoensure thatnooneisleftout,all those self-samegoalsofjusticeandfairness.Andit are, throughout theworld,avitaltoolforachieving tionary event,itisobviousthattelecommunications plained, “Today, 100yearsonfrom thatgreat revolu- fi of socialrights,justiceandfairnessthattheworld’s Revolution, andPresident Calderón recalled thegoals tween peoplewithandwithoutaccesstoICT. Mexico principle causesofinequality, isthedigitaldividebe- the achievementofequalopportunity, oneofthe rst socialrevolution brought tothefore. As heex- The year2010isalsothecentenaryofMexican In today’s world,oneofthemainobstaclesto 9 |2010 ITU News   November 2010 5

hemis.fr/AFP AFP 6 technologies inconditionsofcompetitivenessand ple haveaccesstoinformationandcommunication to telecommunicationsandensuringthatallpeo- “This iswhymyGovernmentabsolutelycommitted seen inGreece, Portugal ortheRussianFederation. Netherlands, orthe140percentmobilepenetration penetration ofcountriessuchasDenmarkorthe the countryisstillfaroff37percentbroadband still manyareas inneedofdevelopment.For example, more thantenusersinJuneofthisyear.” went from oneuserper100inhabitantsin2005to there are more than27…Inbroadband Internet,we 17 Internetusersforevery100inhabitants.Today has alsogrown veryconsiderably. In2005,wehad we hadsetfor2012.ThenumberofInternetusers habitants thisyear, already surpassingthetarget for every100inhabitantsin2005to80perin- by more than80percent,havinggonefrom 45users past is workingtirelessly toreduce thatdivide.“Over the Despite thisprogress, thePresident said,there are 9 |2010 ITU News  fi ve yearswehaveseenmobiletelephonygrow  November 2010 Mexico’s President Felipe Calderón setsthetone lars ofthisstrategy. gence andoptimalcoverage”. Heoutlinedthesixpil- as possibleinconditionsofcompetitiveness,conver- cess totelecommunicationsforasmanyMexicans is committedtotelecommunications,ensuringac- explained, “ThegovernmentofwhichIamthehead competitiveness andconvergence. As thePresident is calledthe“three Cs”—standingforcoverage, services atalowerpricetomore consumers.” telecommunication marketandofferhigher-quality ades, toprovide anunprecedented impetustothe of measures, ofakindnotseeninMexicofordec- fairness. To achievethis,wehaveadoptedanumber digital broadcasting Switching from analogueto sible totalphase-outofanaloguein2015.Adecree ward bysixyearsfrom 2021to2015,withapos- digital terrestrial broadcasting hasbeenbrought for- The strategy adoptedbytheMexicanGovernment First, thedateforswitchingfrom analogueto MKU/AFP

has been passed to initiate the transition process. “In companies will be granted some 20 000 km of op- doing this, Mexico is aligning itself with the other tical fi bre in the network operated by the Federal countries undertaking the transition, which will help Electricity Commission, the national electricity com- to improve competitiveness in the television industry pany. “This means not only millions of dollars of pub- and in broadcasting in general, improve signal qual- lic revenue from fi bre-optic leasing charges, but also, ity and enrich television programme content, while and most importantly, it will help us to establish a at the same time promoting technological conver- new communication backbone that will provide us gence and growth in telecommunication services,” with a third national trunk network for Internet and the President explained. broadband services throughout the country,” the President explained. The new backbone will come Releasing more spectrum for into service in the second half of 2011, and is ex- advanced mobile telephony pected to increase competition among long-distance The decree, issued by the President and published voice, data and video carriers. in September 2010, also mandates the auction of 108 MHz in the 700 MHz band to market stakehold- Impact of recent spectrum auctions ers by 2012 — this being one of the most highly val- Third is the completion of the spectrum auctions ued frequency bands for mobile broadband services. in the 1.7 and 1.9 GHz bands. This makes available “In making this effort, Mexico is staying on course to to the market an additional 90 MHz — almost 60 per fulfi l ITU’s Recommendations on spectrum availability cent more than the spectrum previously used for mo- for users of these services,” the President said. bile services. The main aim of these auctions, which were ap- A new fi bre-optic network to proved by the Federal Competition Commission, is to boost broadband services strengthen the market, strengthen competition, and Second, in order to promote competitiveness break down the barriers for those wishing to enter through a new telecommunication backbone in the competitive market in Mexican telecommunica- Mexico, a tender is being put out, and the winning tions. As the President put it, the process has left the

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 7 AFP

country’s coffers better off. It has also signifi cantly further, bringing telecommunications to the most re- increased the amount of spectrum available to all op- mote and inaccessible communities. erators. Furthermore, it has transformed the mobile telephony market in Mexico. From one dominant op- Expanding WiMAX erator, there are now four wholly national operators Sixth, negotiations are ongoing with the current competing with each other on equal terms. concession holders of the 2.5 band, with a view to converting it to WiMAX use throughout the country Number portability and in the main cities, in the hope of further expand- Fourth, for two years now the country has had ing Internet access. number portability in the mobile sphere. This allows “We are working to offer Mexican consumers users to change their telephone service providers, good quality telecommunication services at better and be more demanding about service quality and prices and without privileges. We know, however, price. “These measures will allow us to consolidate that this is not enough to bridge the digital divide, a telecommunication market that has grown at an and this is why the Government is also working hard annual rate of over 10 per cent in the past fi ve years. on programmes relating to coverage and social con- They will also help enhance service penetration, par- nectivity”, said the President. ticularly in rural areas where people have less pur- chasing power.” Community access Companies have contracts to provide public te- New satellites to be launched lephony, home telephones and Internet to more Fifth, a process has started to pave the way for than 11 000 small towns (500–2500 inhabitants) Mexico to launch three new satellites, chiefl y for se- across the country. Almost 200 000 lines have been curity purposes, but also to take full advantage of installed so far for more than 7 million Mexicans liv- the L-Band, which Mexico is entitled to use, and ing in these marginalized communities. Community- to strengthen the telecommunication market even access telephony services are being provided in even

8 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 The e-MexicoSystem with fewresources. have beendevelopedtoprovide broadband tousers efi smaller localities(100–500inhabitants)fortheben- course, totheInternet,andcantakepartintheirper- only totelevision,radio andtelephony, butalso,of nications, canhaveaccess,onequitableterms,not that theleastwell-offcanhaveaccesstotelecommu- Calderón, “theGovernmentofMexicoisworkingso crucial stepinguaranteeing socialconnectivity. and toalmost10000governmentoffi mote medicalconsultationsindistantcommunities; 24 000healthfacilities,enablingustoprovide re- educational centres, schoolsanduniversities;to nication servicestoover122000ofthecountry’s ernmental e-MexicoSystem isbringingtelecommu- t of4millionmore Mexicans,andnewprojects “In pursuingtheseactions”,saidPresident Through thesocialcoverage networks,thegov- Mexico’s President Felipe Calderón setsthetone ces. Thisisa telecoms around theworld A callfordecisionstostrengthen information andcommunicationtechnologies”. sonal developmentandinthatofthecountry, using tion andcommunicationtechnologies.” cludes nobody, butnobody, from accesstoinforma- more andbettercommunicationinaworldthatex- “make great stridestowards attainingourgoalof ITU andconsolidateitsrole, butwouldalsohelpto conference wouldnotonlyendeavourtostrengthen boards fordevelopment”hesaid,addingthatthe crave, inwhichinformationandculture are spring- build thefairandequitableMexicoworldwe cation technologiesformthebasisonwhichwecan Mexico andworldwide.“Informationcommuni- particularly bythemostunderprivilegedpeoplein the world,andtopromote andfacilitatetheiruse, needed tostrengthen telecommunicationsaround He urged theconference totakethedecisions 9 |2010 ITU News   November 2010 9

NOTIMEX/AFP ITU/V. Martin ITU/V.

Remarks by Mexico’s Minister of Communications and Transport Juan Francisco Molinar Horcasitas

Welcoming all the men and women from around asset under the stewardship of the company Líneas the world gathered at the 18th ITU Plenipotentiary Telegráfi cas del Supremo Gobierno. Conference (4–22 October 2010), Juan Francisco Thanks to telegraphy, Mexico has been able Molinar Horcasitas, Mexico’s Minister of Communi- to communicate effi ciently with its neighbours in cations and Transport, invited them to share in the Central and North America. More recently, underwa- country’s joy at commemorating the bicentenary of ter cables have brought Mexico closer to countries its independence and the centenary of its revolution. that are physically distant — but no less important “Let us take this opportunity to boost telecommuni- and highly esteemed. “Today, the world is commu- cations worldwide”, he said, recalling that in Mexico nicating to the point where it has become a global the Government of President Calderón has been the village,” Minister Horcasitas declared. “And today, driving force behind major projects that are all inject- Mexico is bidding a warm welcome to all its neigh- ing dynamism and vitality into the telecommunica- bours from this global village,” he added. tion sector, following years of relative stagnation. Historic connection with ITU From telegraphy to a global village Mexico’s participation in ITU has been shaped by Mexico is a vast and culturally diverse country the quest for unity, in particular inter-American unity, with complex mountainous structures, so telecom- guided by the principles of respect for State sover- munications infrastructure requires huge investment. eignty and self-determination. Since 1953 Mexico As early as the mid-nineteenth century, the introduc- has been a Member State on the ITU Council — and tion of telegraphy showed the potential of telecom- has three times been entrusted with the chairman- munications as a factor in national integration. This ship of the Council. This has given Mexico the oppor- is why key fi gures in Mexico’s past, such as President tunity to be involved in the changes that the Union Benito Juárez, made telegraphy a strategic national has undergone in recent years. Many distinguished

10 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 Mexico’s Minister of Communications and Transport

Mexicans have played a commendable role in this re- formulas for coordinating satellite networks and con- gard. Among the names that come to mind are those tribute to enhanced and more effi cient handling of of the engineers Lázaro Barajas and Carlos Núñez global emergency communications.” Arellano, who embodied the highest values of work and dedication in the search for the common good, ICT for the modern world and who stand as shining examples of the quality of He recognized that telecommunications and in- Mexican engineering. formation and communication technologies (ICT), if used effi ciently, are today the international policy Broadband and spectrum instrument affording the greatest social benefi t, not- Stressing that the fundamental issues facing the ing that “it is through them that the modern world conference must be discussed with a commitment creates and disseminates culture, education, health to understanding and multinational respect, Minister and well-being”. Horcasitas said: “The roll-out of broadband networks stands out as one of the newest and best means of Looking back to look ahead providing basic services such as health and educa- Minister Horcasitas recalled that, at the tion, a matter of particular importance to less devel- Plenipotentiary Conference held in Atlantic City oped and marginalized countries. Let us also work in 1947, while discussing the composition of the to make better use of the spectrum, thereby increas- International Frequency Registration Board, Mexico ing the penetration and quality of communication had called on delegates to act globally, subject only services and fostering greater enjoyment of freedom to limitations imposed by their citizenship of differ- of expression and cultural rights. Let us fi nd better ent countries. He trusted that, at the Guadalajara Conference, “diplomacy, respect, professionalism, knowledge, the desire for understanding, the quest for shared solutions and cooperation will, during these days of collective work, be the values by which all delegates from ITU Member States and ITU staff will once again strive to attain the goals we have set”. Shutterstock

A wish for fruitful deliberations among nations With a profound sense of solidarity, friendship and international fraternity, he extended to all par- ticipants a most cordial welcome to Mexico, wish- ing them three weeks of fruitful deliberations among nations.

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 11 ITU/V. Martin ITU/V.

A word from the Governor of the State of Jalisco Emilio González Márquez

Extending a warm welcome to participants at the Convinced that telecommunication is the most 18th ITU Plenipotentiary Conference (4–22 October important means of reducing development gaps be- 2010), Emilio González Márquez, Governor of the tween nations, the Government of Jalisco is working State of Jalisco, said that the holding of such an im- to develop the electronics industry and to promote portant event in Guadalajara validated not only the new technologies. “Better-informed communities city’s conference facilities, but also its status as one have better opportunities to achieve progress and of Latin America’s leading manufacturing centres for improve the well-being of their citizens. In Mexico, high-tech electronic products used in the telecom- we are working under the leadership of President munication and information and communication Felipe Calderón to turn this vision into reality and technology (ICT) sector. build a country of ever-increasing prosperity for all “Our industrial and technology parks produce Mexicans,” said Governor Márquez. electronic goods, products for the automobile and Underlining that the future of the world’s tel- aerospace sector, multimedia and animation prod- ecommunications will be decided in Guadalajara, ucts, software and designs for new products for ex- with wide-ranging consequences for the future of port to the far corners of the world”, he said, adding humanity, Governor Márquez, said: “In an increas- that “Jalisco’s electronics, ICT and telecommunica- ingly global and interconnected world, telecommu- tion industry is outstanding in terms of its quality and nications have a fundamental role to play in ensuring innovation and the talent of its specialists”. that knowledge can fl ow freely in all directions and The maquiladora (assembly) and manufacturing reach even the most remote areas.” industry accounts on average for 70 per cent of the Governor Márquez concluded by challenging par- state of Jalisco’s total exports. It is one of the main ticipants to adopt “decisions that will promote the sources of employment and has fostered the estab- sound development of telecommunications in the lishment of many schools to train the engineers that best interests of the women and men of all nations”. companies need.

12 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 Structure of the conference

The conference elected its offi cers as follows: ITU

Chairman of the Conference: Fernando Borjón (Mexico) Vice-Chairmen of the Conference: . Ambassador P. Verveer (United States) . Mr A. Jonsson (Sweden) . H.E. I. Shchegolev (Russian Federation) . H.E. T.T. Gowelo (Malawi) . Mr J. Ashurst (Australia) . Mr T. Al Awadhi (United Arab Emirates) ITU

Committee 1 — Steering Committee This committee is composed of the chairman and vice chairmen of the conference and of the chairmen and vice chairmen of the other committees and of the Working Group of the Plenary.

Committee 2 — Credentials Committee Chairman: Mr N. Kisrawi (Syrian Arab Republic) Vice-Chairmen: . Mr V.F. Tarlev (Moldova) . Ms P. Demition (Philippines) . Mr J. Albernaz (Brazil) . Mr M. Ghazal (Lebanon) ITU

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 13 Structure of the conference

Committee 3 — Budget Control Committee Chairman: Mr K.J. Wee (Republic of Korea) Vice-Chairmen: . Mr R. Bourne (Barbados) . Mr B. Limbondzi (Gabon) Flikr

Committee 4 — Editorial Committee Chairman: Ms M.-T. Alajouanine (France) Vice-Chairmen: . Ms B. Gonzalez (Spain) . Mr B. Wallis (United Kingdom) . Mr O.V. Mironnikov (Russian Federation) . Ms Z. Nie (China) . Mr R. El Moutarajji (Morocco) ITU

Committee 5 — Policy and Legal Matters Chairman: Mr F. Riehl (Switzerland) Vice-Chairmen: . Mr K. Arasteh (Islamic Republic of Iran) . Mr H. Al Shankiti (Saudi Arabia) . Mr A. Nalbandian (Armenia) ITU

Committee 6 — Administration and Management Chairman: Mr B. Gracie (Canada) Vice-Chairmen: . Ms N. Boljobekova (Kyrgyzstan) . Mr M. Ouhadj (Algeria) . Mr R.N. Jha (India) ITU

Working Group of the Plenary Chairman: Mr C. Njoroge (Kenya) Vice-Chairmen: . Mr A. Fayzullaev (Uzbekistan) . Mr W.M. Rullens (Netherlands) . Ms N. El Saadany (Egypt) . Mr T.Q. Cuong (Viet Nam) ITU

14 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 issues getsthumbsup! Agreement onInternet Internet issues Conference, signedby153MemberStates on22October 2010. in Guadalajara. More detailscanbefoundintheFinal Acts ofthe section ofITUNewshighlightssomethemanydecisionsreached cation technologies(ICT), andtolookatITU’srole inthatfuture. This the future oftelecommunications,andinformationcommuni- conference switchedgeartodealwithpolicyandstrategic issuesfor With theelectionsover(seeOctober2010issueof Landmark decisionsfrom Guadalajara ized (multilingual)domainnames”. Member States inthemanagementofinternational- dresses”; and133onthe“Roleofadministrations of Internet resources, includingdomainnamesandad- pertaining totheInternetandmanagementof role withregard tointernationalpublicpolicyissues “Internet Protocol-based networks”;102on“ITU’s IPv4 toIPv6”andinrevised Resolutions101on new resolution on“Facilitating thetransition from Protocol-based networksandthefuture Internet. ganizations involvedinthedevelopmentofInternet on areciprocity basis,betweenITUandrelevant or- sociated footnotethatcallforgreater collaboration, brokered withtheadoptionofaclauseandanas- bated. Intheend,alastminutecompromise was Both theclauseandfootnoteare featured ina Internet issueswere amongthemosthotlyde- recognize thattheonlineinformationsocietystands The Secretary-General’s appealtotheconference to siderable relevance toInternetpublicpolicyissues. pertise inPSTN architecture andnumberinghascon- which Internetservicesare provided. Obviously, itsex- nection ofpublictelecommunicationnetworksover Consortium (W3C),onthebasisofreciprocity”. the InternetSociety(ISOC)andWorld WideWeb (RIRs), theInternetEngineeringTask Force (IETF), Numbers (ICANN), theregional Internetregistries to, theInternetCorporation forAssigned Namesand evant organizations” as“including,butnotlimited maximum benefi role ofITUinInternetgovernancesoastoensure agreements, asappropriate, inorder toincrease the works andthefuture Internet,through cooperation zations involvedinthedevelopmentofIP-based net- and coordination betweenITUandrelevant organi- to “explore waysandmeansforgreater collaboration ITU carriesoutvitalworkenablingtheintercon- The footnotecitedinthisclauseliststhe“rel- The agreed compromise textexpresses theresolve ITU News),the ts totheglobal community…” 9 |2010 ITU News   November 2010 15

ITU Landmark decisions from Guadalajara Internet issues

to benefi t if the telecommunication and Internet Group on international Internet-related public policy communities work together more closely helped to issues. broker the agreement. The inclusion of the footnote It calls upon ITU to provide assistance to those in the four Internet resolutions sends a strong sig- Member States that require support in the man- nal that ITU wishes to work with others involved in agement and allocation of IPv6 resources. While Internet governance. The Secretary-General also ap- providing this assistance, the Director of the pealed to those who were members of organizations Telecommunication Development Bureau, in coor- such as ICANN to ensure that ITU is given due rec- dination with the Director of Telecommunication ognition by those bodies and to encourage them, in Standardization Bureau, is instructed to study and turn, to work with ITU. monitor current allocation mechanisms, identify any fl aws and communicate proposals for changes to ex- Facilitating the transition from IPv4 to IPv6 isting policies. Resolution 180 (New) Statistics should be collected on progress made This is ITU’s fi rst Plenipotentiary resolution on with the transition, based on information com- IPv6. It seeks to modernize ITU’s work on Internet piled regionally through collaboration with regional Protocol (IP)-based next-generation networks. organizations. Considering that IPv4 addresses are nearly exhaust- Member States are invited to promote specifi c ini- ed, specifi c actions must be defi ned for the transition tiatives at national level, that foster interaction with to IPv6. The early adoption of IPv6 is recognized as governmental, private and academic entities. They the best way forward, and governments can play an should develop national policies to upgrade com- important part as catalyst for the transition. munications infrastructure and systems in order to The exchange of experiences and information ensure that public services provided using the IP pro- regarding the adoption of IPv6 should be stepped tocol are compatible with IPv6. up with all stakeholders, “with the aim of creating opportunities for collaborative efforts, and to en- Internet Protocol-based networks sure that feedback exists to enrich efforts to support Resolution 101 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) the transition to IPv6”. The resolution calls for close This resolution has been updated to take ac- collaboration with the relevant international recog- count of advances in global information infrastruc- nized partners and the Internet community, for ex- ture, including the development of Internet Protocol ample, regional Internet registries and the Internet (IP)-based networks and the Internet. It requests Engineering Task Force, in order to encourage the de- all three ITU Sectors to consider their future work ployment of IPv6 by raising awareness and through programmes on IP-based networks and on migra- capacity building. tion to next-generation networks (NGN) and fu- The resolution asks the IPv6 working group, set ture networks. It asks ITU’s Telecommunication up by the 2009 Session of the Council, to undertake Standardization Sector (ITU–T) to continue its collab- detailed studies of IP address allocation for both IPv4 orative activities with ISOC/IETF and other relevant and IPv6 addresses, as called for by the ITU Dedicated

16 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 Shutterstock

organizations, in respect of interconnectivity and mi- workshop would be convened in the fi rst quarter of gration to NGN. 2013 to discuss all the issues raised in the revised It asks ITU to continue its study of international Resolutions 101, 102 and 133 (Rev. Guadalajara, Internet connectivity as an urgent matter. It also en- 2010). courages ITU to clarify, for its Member States and Sector Members and for the general public, the ITU’s role with regard to international public Internet-related issues that fall within its responsibili- policy issues pertaining to the Internet and ties according to its basic texts and to the outcome the management of Internet resources, documents of the World Summit on the Information including domain names and addresses Society (WSIS). Resolution 102 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) ITU will continue to collaborate with other rele- The World Summit on the Information Society vant organizations to ensure that growth in IP-based recognized the need for enhanced cooperation to networks, along with traditional networks, delivers enable governments to carry out their roles and re- maximum benefi ts to the global community. In ad- sponsibilities in international public policy issues per- dition, ITU will continue to participate in any directly taining to the Internet on an equal footing. related new international initiatives, particularly the Again, this updated resolution calls for greater Broadband Commission for Digital Development, collaboration and coordination between ITU and rel- which it formed recently in cooperation with the evant organizations. It says that ITU should continue United Nations Educational, Scientifi c and Cultural to play a facilitating role in the coordination of inter- Organization (UNESCO). national Internet-related public policy issues. The Secretary-General is instructed to propose It instructs the Director of the Telecommunication to the 2011 Session of the Council the holding of Standardization Bureau (TSB) to continue to work a special forum or workshop under the terms of on technical issues, and to liaise and cooperate with Resolution 2 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) — “World appropriate entities with regard to the management telecommunication/information and communica- of Internet domain names and addresses and other tion technology policy forum”. Such a forum or Internet resources within the mandate of ITU. The

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 17 Landmark decisions from Guadalajara Internet issues

Director of the Telecommunication Development tribute to the work of the Dedicated Group through Bureau (BDT) is instructed to organize international activities undertaken by their Bureaux. and regional forums in the period 2010–2014 to dis- ITU Member States are invited to participate in cuss policy, operational and technical aspects of such discussions on public policy issues related to Internet management. resources, including domain names and addresses, It instructs the ITU Secretary-General to take a sig- their possible evolution and the impact of new us- nifi cant role in international discussions and initiatives ages and applications, to cooperate with relevant on the management of Internet domain names and organizations and to contribute to the work of the addresses and other Internet resources. Also, in line Dedicated Group and of ITU study groups on these with the Tunis Agenda for the Information Society, matters. the Secretary-General should continue to contribute to the work of the Internet Governance Forum (IGF), Role of administrations of Member States if the mandate of the IGF is extended by the United in the management of internationalized Nations General Assembly. (multilingual) domain names The resolution, as updated, emphasizes that ITU’s Resolution 133 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) Dedicated Group on international Internet-related The resolution updates the role of ITU in rela- public policy issues, which was established in 2008, tion to that of administrations in the management should continue its work. The Dedicated Group was of internationalized domain names (IDNs), recog- set up as an integral part of the Council Working nizing that the use of IDNs is needed to overcome Group on the World Summit on the Information linguistic barriers to Internet access. It instructs the Society. However, the conference noted that the ITU Secretary-General and Directors of the three Group would be more effi cient in its role if it became Bureaux to take an active part in international discus- autonomous and directly responsible to the Council. sions, initiatives and activities on the deployment and In this regard, the revised resolution instructs management of IDNs, in cooperation with relevant the Council to make the Dedicated Group a Council organizations. It calls upon ITU elected offi cials to working group, limited to Member States, but enjoy- take action to ensure the sovereignty of ITU Member ing open consultation with all stakeholders. States with regard to ITU–T Recommendation E.164 The Secretary-General will disseminate the reports numbering plans (in whichever application they are of the Dedicated Group to all relevant international used) and to promote the role of the ITU membership organizations and stakeholders for their considera- in the internationalization of domain names in dif- tion in their policy-making processes. Meanwhile, the ferent language scripts using their specifi c character Directors of the three Bureaux are instructed to con- sets. Again, this resolution calls for greater collabo- ration and coordination between ITU and relevant organizations.

18 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 Resolution 178 (New) (New) 178 Resolution networks tosupporttheInternet technical aspectsoftelecommunication ITU role inorganizing theworkon  Advisory Group, isinstructedto: sultation withtheTelecommunication Standardization Telecommunication Standardization Bureau, incon- and security, through contribution-based work”. work evolution,capacity, continuity, interoperability supporting theInternet,inorder tohelpadvancenet- technical aspectsoftelecommunicationnetworksfor ed andtransparent mannerondevelopmentofthe ITU shallcontinuetoadapt,workinginacoordinat- and involvementoftheentire world.It“resolves that information societyrequires decisivecooperation

tion ofWSIS; that ITU–Tcouldmaketowar convene openconsultationsaboutcontributions To achievethisgoal,theDirector ofthe This newresolution underlinesthatbuildingan Landmark decisionsfrom Guadalajara ds theimplementa- Internet issues  order toachievetheobjectivesofthisresolution. ment ofastudygroup orotherappropriate group in take thenecessaryactionregarding theestablish- ments tothestructure ofITU–T. WTSA-12 willalso Director’s evaluationreport anddecideontheadjust- Assembly in2012(WTSA-12) willanalysetheTSB

r evaluate andpropose adjustmentstothecur- The World Telecommunication Standardization tion andtoprovide contributions. Members are invitedtoparticipateinthisevalua- on thesematters.MemberStates andSector creation ofaspecifi ent structure ofITU–Tpossiblybysuggestingthe 9 |2010 ITU News  c studygroup orothergroup  November 2010  19

StockXpert Shutterstock

relevant security risks in the cyber environment. The Cybersecurity general security objectives comprise the following:  Availability; Defi nitions and terminology relating  Integrity, which may include authenticity and to building confi dence and security non-repudiation; in the use of information and  Confi dentiality”. communication technologies From now on, this defi nition will be used in ITU Resolution 181 (New) activities that deal with building confi dence and se- Through this new resolution, the conference ap- curity in the use of ICT. The Secretary-General is in- proved the defi nition of cybersecurity as expressed in structed to bring this resolution to the attention of in- Recommendation ITU–T X.1205 as follows: ternational organizations and other relevant entities “Cybersecurity is the collection of tools, policies, dealing with the security of telecommunication/ICT security concepts, security safeguards, guidelines, for their consideration and any required action. The risk management approaches, actions, training, Director of TSB is instructed to report to the Council best practices, assurance and technologies that on any new or revised recommendations adopted by can be used to protect the cyber environment and ITU–T that relate to, or affect, cybersecurity-related organization and user’s assets. Organization and terminology and defi nitions or other relevant defi ni- user’s assets include connected computing devices, tions concerning confi dence and security in the use personnel, infrastructure, applications, services, of ICT. telecommunications systems, and the totality of transmitted and/or stored information in the cyber environment. Cybersecurity strives to ensure the at- tainment and maintenance of the security proper- ties of the organization and user’s assets against

20 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 Landmark decisions from Guadalajara Cybersecurity

Strengthening the role of ITU in It instructs the Director of the Telecommunication building confi dence and security Standardization Bureau to intensify work within ex- in the use of information and isting ITU–T study groups in order to address exist- communication technologies ing and future threats and vulnerabilities affecting Resolution 130 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) efforts to build confi dence and security in the use This updated resolution makes many refer- of ICT and to facilitate projects deriving from the ences to recent decisions from other ITU bodies, as outcomes of WTSA-08, in particular, Resolution 50 well as more recent initiatives such as the Global (Rev. Johannesburg, 2008) on cybersecurity and Cybersecurity Agenda. It resolves that ITU should Resolution 52 (Rev. Johannesburg, 2008) on counter- continue to give this work high priority in accordance ing and combating spam. He should continue col- with its competences and expertise. The updated res- laboration with relevant organizations with a view olution draws some lines around areas that are con- to exchanging best practices and disseminating in- sidered “matters of national jurisdiction”. It says that formation through joint workshops, training sessions “ITU shall focus resources and programmes on those and invitations for written contributions. areas of cybersecurity within its core mandate and The resolution instructs the Secretary-General expertise, notably the technical and development and the Directors of the Bureaux to continue to spheres, and not including areas related to Member review the work done by the three Sectors and by States’ application of legal or policy principles related other relevant organizations under the ITU Global to national defence, national security, content and Cybersecurity Agenda initiative, as well as other ini- cybercrime, which are within their sovereign rights”. tiatives to address existing and future threats. Based But as the resolution goes on to underline, this does on this review, the Secretary-General will propose an not exclude ITU from carrying out its mandate to action plan to the Council in order to strengthen the develop technical recommendations designed to re- role of ITU in building confi dence and security in the duce vulnerabilities in the ICT infrastructure, nor from use of ICT. providing the assistance that was agreed upon at the Finally, the resolution invites Member States, World Telecommunication Development Conference Sector Members and Associates to promote the de- in Hyderabad India, in May–June 2010 (WTDC-10). velopment of educational and training programmes Indeed, one of the decisions from WTDC-10 was to enhance user awareness of risks in cyberspace. that ITU should assist Member States, in particular developing countries, in the elaboration of appro- priate and workable legal measures relating to pro- tection against cyberthreats. The revised resolution instructs the Director of BDT to develop, consistent with the results of WTDC-10, a project for enhancing cooperation on cybersecurity and combating spam in response to the needs of developing countries, in close collaboration with relevant partners.

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 21 Landmark decisions from Guadalajara Cybersecurity

ITU’s role in child online protection other United Nations bodies in combating the illicit Resolution 179 (New) use of ICT. In response to concerns about how best to pro- In this regard, the resolution underlines the im- tect children and youth online, this new resolution portance of the outcomes of the World Summit on seeks to establish a mandate for ITU’s work and ac- the Information Society (WSIS), in particular, the tivities in this area. role of ITU as facilitator for WSIS Action Line C5 on The resolution encourages ITU to continue its building confi dence and security in the use of ICT. Child Online Protection (COP) initiative as a platform It recalls that WSIS Action Line C5 stipulates that: to raise awareness and educate people on the dan- “Governments, in cooperation with the private sec- gers of cyberspace. It also requests the ITU Council to tor, should prevent, detect and respond to cyber- continue its Council Working Group on child online crime and misuse of ICT by: developing guidelines protection. It encourages the ITU Secretary-General that take into account ongoing efforts in these ar- to coordinate ITU activities with other initiatives at eas; considering legislation that allows for effective the national, regional and international levels, as investigation and prosecution of such misuse; pro- well as bringing this resolution to the attention of moting effective mutual assistance efforts; strength- the United Nations Secretary-General with the aim ening institutional support at the international level of increasing the commitment of the UN system to for preventing, detecting and recovering from such protecting children online. incidents; and encouraging education and raising awareness.” ITU’s role with regard to international The new resolution goes on to request ITU, in its public policy issues relating to capacity as facilitator for WSIS Action Line C5, to or- the risk of illicit use of ICT ganize meetings of Member States and relevant ICT Resolution 174 (New) stakeholders, including geospatial and information Illicit use of information and communication service providers, to discuss approaches to address- technologies could have a detrimental impact on a ing and preventing the illicit application of ICT, while country’s infrastructure, national security and eco- bearing in mind the overall interests of the ICT indus- nomic development. This new resolution, entitled try. ITU will also collect best practices from Member “ITU’s role with regard to international public policy States on actions they have taken to prevent the illicit issues relating to the risk of illicit use of information use of ICT. and communication technologies”, calls for action Member States and relevant ICT stakeholders are to curb such use. It instructs the Secretary-General invited to pursue dialogue at regional and national to raise awareness of Member States regarding the levels in order to fi nd solutions to the problem of il- adverse impact that may result from the illicit use licit use of ICT.  of information and communication resources. He should also take the necessary measures to maintain the role of ITU to cooperate within its mandate with

22 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 VHB/AFP

 request the Secretary-General, under the prepara- WSIS implementation tory process, to coordinate with all stakeholders and provide mechanisms for consultation; Overall review of implementation of  evaluate, at its 2011 session, the fi nancial burden the outcomes of the World Summit for ITU that might result from its contribution to on the Information Society (WSIS) the preparatory process; Resolution 172 (New)  report to the next Plenipotentiary Conference in This new resolution instructs the ITU Secretary- 2014 on preparations for fi nal overall review of General to initiate consultations with the United the implementation of the WSIS outcomes and Nations Chief Executives Board for Coordination formulate proposals for further activities. (CEB) in order to prepare the overall review of imple- mentation of WSIS outcomes in 2015, including the ITU’s role in implementing the outcomes of possibility of holding a high-level event in 2014 or the World Summit on the Information Society 2015. The Secretary-General is also instructed to pro- Resolution 140 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) pose to CEB that ITU will: make the necessary prepa- The enormous efforts required to build an inclu- rations based on the multi-stakeholder approach; sive and development-oriented information society pursue effi cient and effective coordination with all are refl ected in Resolution 140 (Rev. Guadalajara, stakeholders in preparing the overall review; and re- 2010) on “ITU’s role in implementing the outcomes port to the Council on the results of this process, for of the World Summit on the Information Society”. its consideration and decision. Revisions to this resolution mainly highlight devel- The Council is instructed, in the light of the results opments which have occurred since the fi rst version of the Secretary-General’s consultation, to: was adopted in Antalya in 2006.  decide on ITU’s role in, and contribution to, the During the second phase of WSIS in 2005, ITU overall review process; was named as sole moderator/facilitator for two of  examine ways and means to enhance ITU’s lead the Action lines: Action Line C2 on information and role in any relevant preparatory process; communication infrastructure and Action Line C5 on

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 23 VHB/AFP 24 Plenipotentiary Conference in2014. ment WSISoutcomesistobesubmittedthenext and comprehensive report onITUactivitiestoimple- the General Secretariat andtheSectors,a will beincorporated intotheoperational plansof deadlines. Inparticular, specifi in theresolution, buttherevised texttightensupthe Bureaux willcontinuetheworkpreviously outlined for WSISAction LinesC2,C5andC6. comes, andtheITUCouncilhasapproved road maps States ontherole ofITUinimplementingWSISout- on WSIShasbeenfacilitatinginputsfrom Member Also, since2006,theITUCouncilWorking Group tor forWSISAction LineC6(enablingenvironment). agreed todesignateITUasthemoderator/facilita- the partiesinvolvedinimplementingWSISoutcomes mation andcommunicationtechnologies.In2008, building confi The Secretary-General andDirectors ofthe 9 |2010 ITU News 

dence andsecurityintheuseofinfor-  November 2010 c tasksanddeadlines Landmark decisionsfrom Guadalajara WSIS implementation fi nal support thiswork. contribute totheSpecialTrust Fund setupbyITUto Member States, SectorMembersandAssociates to comes costsmoney, sotherevised resolution invites to theinformationsociety. AlltheworkonWSISout- Working Group onWSISandinfurtheradaptingITU ITU), andtoparticipateactivelybothintheCouncil WSIS stocktakingdatabase(whichismaintainedby Sector MembersandA The revised resolution invitesMemberStates,  ssociates tocontributethe ITU/V. Martin ITU/V.

on conformity and interoperability will all be taken Conformance and interoperability into account. A major part of the programme will be Resolution 177 (New) to assist developing countries to establish regional or The conference decided that ITU will con- subregional conformity and interoperability centres tinue to implement Resolution 76 of the World that can carry out interoperability testing. Telecommunication Standardization Assembly The Director of TSB has been asked to continue (Johannesburg, 2008) and Resolution 47 the consultation with all stakeholders in all regions (Rev. Hyderabad, 2010), along with the recommen- in order to take into account regional needs when dations of the Director of the Telecommunication implementing the recommendations endorsed by Standardization Bureau (TSB), endorsed by the the Council. He is also called upon to continue study- Council at its 2009 Session, regarding: ing the possibility of a future ITU Mark programme.  a conformity assessment programme; This would be a voluntary programme permitting  an interoperability events programme; manufacturers and service providers to make a vis-  human resources capacity building; ible declaration that their equipment conforms to  recommendations to assist in the establishment Recommendations of the ITU Telecommunication of test facilities in developing countries. Standardization Sector (ITU–T). He is asked to pre- This is the thrust of a new resolution on “con- pare a business plan for the long-term implementa- formance and interoperability”. It emphasizes that tion of this resolution. this programme of work should be implemented The Director of the Telecommunication without delay. The programme includes building up a Development Bureau (BDT) will work closely pilot database into a fully functioning conformity da- with the Director of TSB and the Director of the tabase. How the database will help bridge the stand- Radiocommunication Bureau (BR) to speed up the ardization gap, potential liability issues for ITU and implementation of Resolution 47 (Rev. Hyderabad, for Member States, Sector Members and stakehold- 2010) and to assist Member States in dealing with ers (such as other standards-development organiza- the problem of counterfeit equipment. That is why tions), and the results of ITU’s regional consultations Resolution 76 (Johannesburg, 2008) called for

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 25 ITU/V. Martin 26 and systems. probability ofinteroperability ofequipment,services better qualityofserviceorexperience,andtohigher cable ITU–TRecommendations.Thiswouldleadto assessment regimes andprocedures basedonappli- the newresolution. Theyshouldadoptconformity- regional testingentitiestoassistITUinimplementing fi ies, oraccording toprocedures adoptedbyaquali- test laboratories, orbyaccredited certifi to applicableITU–TRecommendationsinaccredited conformity databasewithdetailsofproducts tested possible futur ity testing,assistancetodevelopingcountries,anda “studies related toconformanceandinteroperabil- ed standards-development organization orforum. Member States shouldencourage nationaland Sector Membersare invitedtopopulatethepilot 9 |2010 ITU News  e ITUMarkprogramme”.  November 2010 Landmark decisionsfrom Guadalajara Conformance andinteroperability cation bod- cation to bearinmindthelegalandr ate totake. 2012 foranyactionthatthisbodymayfi to thenextITURadiocommunicationAssembly in infrastructure. Theyare invitedtomakecontributions tively affectsthequalityoftheirtelecommunication of othercountriesconcerningequipmentthatnega- Member States andSectorMembersare asked  egulatory frameworks nd appropri- Accessibility for people with disabilities, including age-related disabilities Resolution 175 (New) A new resolution sets out ways for ITU to main- stream people with disabilities in all its work. Entitled “Telecommunication/information and communica- Shutterstock tion technology accessibility for persons with disabili- ties, including age-related disabilities”, the resolution recognizes a number of international agreements, in- cluding the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, which entered into force to ensure that their experiences, views and opinions in May 2008, and which requires State Parties to are taken on board. Further, they should consider adopt appropriate measures to provide access for expanding the fellowship programme to enable del- persons with disabilities — on an equal basis with egates with disabilities to participate in the work of others — to ICT, emergency services and Internet the Union. Another useful step, according to the res- service. olution, will be for ITU to document and disseminate ITU is already collaborating with external entities examples of best practices among its Member States and bodies concerned with this subject, and should and Sector Members. adopt a comprehensive action plan to extend access Finally, the resolution invites Member States and to telecommunication/ICT to people with disabilities. Sector Members to consider developing, within their The Secretary-General and Directors of the Bureaux national legal frameworks, guidelines or other mech- will coordinate accessibility-related activities be- anisms to enhance the accessibility, compatibility and tween ITU–R, ITU–T and ITU–D, in collaboration with usability of telecommunication/ICT services, products other relevant organizations and entities, in order to and terminals, and to offer support to regional initia- avoid duplication. They should consider “the fi nan- tives in this area. They should consider introducing cial implications of providing accessible information appropriate telecommunication/ICT services in order through ICT and access to ITU facilities, services and to enable persons with disabilities to utilize these programmes for participants with visual, hearing or services on an equal basis with others. physical disabilities, including captioning at meet- Reports on this matter will be submitted to the ings, access to print information and the ITU website, ITU Council (annually) and to the next Plenipotentiary access to ITU buildings and meeting facilities, and the Conference in 2014. A special Trust Fund has been adoption of accessible ITU recruitment practices and set up by ITU to support activities in the area of ac- employment”. cessibility, and the international community is invited In addition, when developing and progressing to contribute.  ITU work, elected offi cials should encourage and promote representation by persons with disabilities

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 27 Shutterstock 28 Resolution 182 (New) (New) 182 Resolution of theenvironment change andtheprotection technologies onclimate information andcommunication The role oftelecommunications/ ronment. TheTelecommunication Standardization such equipmenttopromote acleanandsafeenvi- energy effi telecommunication/ICT equipmentandencouraging awareness oftheenvironmental issuessurrounding oping activitiesinthisarea, inparticularpromoting tecting theenvironment. important role intacklingclimatechangeandpro- ute togreenhouse gasemissions,butalsoplayan the environment. ItacknowledgesthatICT contrib- nications/ICT inclimatechangeandtheprotection of sis forITU’s worksurrounding therole oftelecommu- 9 |2010 ITU News  ITU iscalledupontocontinueleadinganddevel- This newresolution seekstoestablishasoundba- ciency inthedesignandmanufacture of  November 2010 Landmark decisionsfrom Guadalajara ICT andclimatechange ITU initiatives. change, whilegivingdueconsideration torelevant and privateprogrammes includingICT andclimate It alsocallsuponthemtocontinueorinitiatepublic to promote recycling andthereuse ofICT equipment. effi mate changebydevelopingandusingmore energy- the necessarymeasures toreduce theeffectsofcli- on climatechange.ItasksITU’s membershiptotake ITU, aswelltothebroader UnitedNationsprocess Members andAssociates tocontributetheworkof management planning. and adaptingtoclimatechange,includingdisaster their humanandinstitutionalcapacityfortackling assistance todevelopingcountriesstrengthen house gasemissionsofICT. ITUshouldalsoprovide methodologies forenergy effi Bureau (TSB)shouldcontinueitsworkonevaluation cient ICT devices,applicationsandnetworks, policy-makers. and wasintendedtoraise awareness among technologies canplayintackling climatechange, role thatinformationandcommunication Conference on22October, highlightstheimportant during theclosingceremony oftheGuadalajara to 10December2010.Thecommuniqué,approved took placeinCancun, Mexico,from 29November Convention onClimateChange(UNFCCC),which of Parties (COP)oftheUnitedNationsFramework across allsectorswasdelivered attheConference enormous potentialofICT solutionstocutemissions A communiquéurging delegatestolookthe ICT mustbepartofthesolution ITU’s calltoCancun: The resolution invitesITUMemberStates, Sector  ciency andthegreen- Shutterstock

 considering all relevant ITU work and outputs Preparations for the 2012 World regarding the International Telecommunication Conference on International Regulations (ITRs); Telecommunications  examining all proposals for revising the ITRs; Resolution 171 (New)  preparing a fi nal report based on, and consolidat- Advances in technology have resulted in an in- ing, inputs and reports from all preparatory activi- creased use of IP-enabled infrastructure and IP-based ties, including regional preparatory meetings. services and applications, presenting both opportu- Since the existing version of the ITRs was ap- nities and challenges for Member States and Sector proved in 1988, many resolutions have been adopted Members. to help the ITRs to remain in force. All these will be The conference decided that the Council Working taken into account. Group which was set up in 2009 will continue to Member States and Sector Members are invited prepare for the World Conference on International to contribute to the preparatory work for WCIT-12. Telecommunications in 2012 (CWG-WCIT-12). The The fi nal report will present all options and views to agenda and dates for WCIT-12 will be those al- WCIT-12.  ready fi xed by the Council session of 2010 in its Resolution 1317. This resolution says that WCIT-12 will be held in Geneva in the period 5–30 November 2012, following the World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA). In addition to the work specifi ed in Council Resolution 1312, the preparatory process for WCIT-12 will include:

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 29 AFP 30 Resolution 137 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) Guadalajara, (Rev. 137 Resolution developing countries network deploymentin Next-generation economies intransition. landlocked developingcountriesandwith developed countries,smallislanddevelopingStates, References todevelopingcountriesalsoinclude,least infrastructure) andC6(anenablingenvironment). Action LinesC2(informationandcommunication works. Therevisions alsoincludereference toWSIS ITU–T Study Group 13Focus Group onfuture net- South Africa,in2008(WTSA-08); andtheworkof Standardization Assembly, heldinJohannesburg, 2010 (WTDC-10); theWorld Telecommunication Conference, heldinHyderabad, India,inMay–June comes oftheWorld Telecommunication Development 9 |2010 ITU News  Revisions tothisresolution mainlyrefl  November 2010 Landmark decisionsfrom Guadalajara ect theout- Next-generation networks have successfullymigrated tosuchnetworks. from theexperienceofdevelopingcountriesthat ment ofaffordable NGNinrural areas, benefi They willalsoseeksolutionstospeedupthedeploy- defi in studygroups andthrough relevant programmes tiatives (GNPi),aswellcoordinate ongoingwork (NGN-GSI) andITU–D’s GlobalNetworkPlanningini- Next-Generation NetworkGlobalStandards Initiative to coordinate studiesandprogrammes underITU–T’s ing thedigitaldivide.Inaddition,Directors are cially thosedesignedforrural areas andforbridg- the deploymentofNGNandfuture networks,espe- studies andstandards-development activitieson structed toconstantlyconsolidatetheireffortsin ned intheHyderabad Action PlanofWTDC-10. The Directors ofthethree ITUBureaux are in- ting ar pecially inrural areas. that willenablethemtohandlefuture networks,es- ternational capabilitiestoimplementNGNsinaway themselves, inimproving national,regional andin- veloping countries,andamongdevelopingcountries strengthen cooperation betweendevelopedandde- implement theresolution. Theyare calleduponto work andtodeveloptheirowninitiativesinorder to are urged totakeconcrete actionstosupportITU’s institutions. MemberStates andSectorMembers United Nationsspecializedagenciesandfi efi ts ofNGNdevelopmentanddeploymenttoother e instructedtohighlighttheimportanceandben- The Secretary-General andtheDirector ofBDT  Landmark decisionsfrom Guadalajara Next-generation networks nancial

I2H/AFP Resolution 123 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) Guadalajara, (Rev. 123 Resolution developing countries gap betweendevelopedand Bridging thestandardization standardization gap. and buildupthefundforbridging kind contributionstosupportITU’s actions are invitedtomakebothfi standardization. Sectors andtodisseminateinformationon tries toparticipateinmeetingsofthethree enable representatives ofdevelopingcoun- fi through activitiesoftheITUregional of- close coordination attheregional level standardization gap.Theyshouldmaintain together tostepupactionsreduce the of thethree ITUBureaux toworkclosely ITU Secretary-General andtheDirectors straints, therevised resolution asksthe agement ofstandards. countries intermsofknowledgeandman- a gapbetweendevelopedanddeveloping in ITU’s standardization work,andcreate developing countries’abilitytoparticipate resources toengageintravel jeopardize mation, lackoftraining, orlackoffi tion activities,diffi ces. Theyshouldfi ITU MemberStates andSectorMembers In order tohelpovercome thesecon- Lack ofawareness ofITUstandardiza- 9 |2010 ITU News  culties inaccessinginfor- nd waysandmeansto  nancial andin-  November 2010 nancial 31 a model host-country agreement, to be developed by ITU Telecom events the Secretary-General and approved by the Council. Resolution 11 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) To implement these changes, Resolution 11 This revised resolution aims to reform ITU Telecom (Rev. Antalya, 2006) on “world and regional telecom- events. The telecommunication environment is un- munication/information and communication technol- dergoing major changes under the combined infl u- ogy exhibitions and forums” was revised substantially ence of advances in technology, the globalization of to become Resolution 11 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) on markets and growing user demand for integrated “ITU Telecom events”. The revised text also says that cross-border services adapted to their needs. In view these events should not overlap with any major ITU of these changes, and given the need for a global conferences or assemblies, and they should be fi nan- framework to exchange information on telecommu- cially viable. nication strategies and policies, which has been evi- A signifi cant part of any net income derived from dent for many years, the conference decided that ITU ITU Telecom activities shall be transferred to the ICT Telecom events should be organized on a predictable Development Fund, and allocated to specifi c tel- and regular basis, preferably at the same time each ecommunication development projects, primarily year. in the least developed countries, small island devel- In addition, the conference decided that ITU oping States, landlocked developing countries and Telecom events will be redesigned as a global event, countries with economies in transition.  to take place in a fi xed venue every two years and in another venue in the intervening years. In both cases, the venue will be determined on the basis of an open and transparent bidding process, taking into account the principle of rotation among regions and — to the extent possible — between Member States within regions. The bidding process will be based on

32 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 Shutterstock

to senior-level positions. The Council is instructed Gender equality… a focus to consider selecting the theme “Women and girls on women and girls in ICT in ICT” to mark World Telecommunication and Resolution 70 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) Information Society Day in 2012. The conference revised Resolution 70 To implement the resolution, the Secretary- (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) on “gender mainstream- General is instructed to encourage the launch of a ing in ITU and promotion of gender equality and the “Global Network of women ICT decision-makers”. empowerment of women through information and He is also to announce a year-long call to action with communication technologies”. a focus on the theme “Women and girls in ICT”. The revised resolution encourages Member States The Director of BDT is to bring to the attention of and Sector Members to facilitate the employment of other United Nations agencies the need to increase women and men equally in the ICT/telecommunica- the interest and opportunities for women and girls tion fi eld, including at senior levels of responsibility, in ICT careers, including by establishing an interna- and to increase opportunities for women and girls in tional “Girls in ICT” day, to be held every year on the ICT careers during elementary, secondary and higher fourth Thursday of April. Member States and Sector education. Members are invited to establish and observe annu- Other revisions to the resolution call for a gender ally and internationally the “Girls in ICT” day.  perspective to be incorporated in the implementa- tion of the ITU strategic plan and fi nancial plan for 2012–2015, as well as in the operational plans of the Union’s three Bureaux and the General Secretariat. The Council has the responsibility of expanding on the ITU initiatives of the past four years to acceler- ate the gender mainstreaming process in ITU as a whole, within existing budgetary resources, so as to ensure capacity building and promotion of women

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 33

Information and communication technology index and community connectivity indicators Resolution 131 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) ITU’s recent efforts towards a global strategy to narrow the digital divide are recognized in this re- vised resolution, which also lists tasks that ITU’s Telecommunication Development Sector (ITU–D) is called upon to undertake through Programme 3 of the Hyderabad Action Plan. The Director of BDT is AFP called upon to continue, if justifi ed, to promote the adoption of ITU statistics and to publish them regu- larly. In addition, the Director of BDT will promote the activities required to defi ne and adopt new indicators for measuring the real impact of ICT on countries’ development. Facilitating digital inclusion Further, the Director is instructed to continue initiatives for indigenous peoples convening a seminar for experts from Member States Resolution 184 (New) to develop existing indicators and systematically re- The state of indigenous people places view their methodologies in order to give full effect them in a situation similar to that of least to Resolution 8 (Rev. Hyderabad, 2010) and to for- developed countries, despite the fact that mulate any other connectivity indicators that may some of them live in developed countries. be required. He will also call a conference on ICT in- ITU is encouraged, through a new reso- dicators at least once every two years; continue to lution entitled “facilitating digital inclusion work to promote a single ICT index; and cooperate initiatives for indigenous peoples”, to make with relevant international bodies, in particular those it easier to grant fellowships to indigenous involved in the Partnership on Measuring ICT for people as part of the Digital Inclusion Development, to implement this resolution. Initiative of ITU’s Telecommunication The Secretary-General and the Director of BDT Development Sector (ITU–D). The aim is to should continue to promote the adoption of meas- allow indigenous people to attend work- ures necessary to ensure that community connectiv- shops, seminars, events, and other types ity indicators are taken into account in regional and of capacity-building events organized by world meetings convened for the purpose of evaluat- ITU. But the resolution adds the caveat that ing and following up the WSIS Geneva Plan of Action Member States will have the authority to (2003) and the Tunis Agenda (2005). Member States consider the requests of indigenous people, are called upon to submit their national community if and when the country is eligible for fel- connectivity statistics to ITU–D.  lowship grants. 

34 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 Imaginechina/AFP

academic institutions from developed countries will Increasing membership pay one-sixteenth of the value of a contributory unit for a Sector Member (or 3975 Swiss francs); and aca- Admission of academia, universities and demic institutions from developing countries, which their associated research establishments include least developed countries, small island devel- to participate in ITU’s work oping States, land-locked developing countries, and Resolution 169 (New) countries with economies in transition, will pay one- The academic community is working on state-of- thirty-second of the value of the contributory unit for the-art developments in technology that are within a Sector Member (or 1987.50 Swiss francs). ITU’s fi eld of competence. Recognizing that the par- The new resolution will allow academic institutes ticipation of academia, universities and their associ- concerned with the development of telecommuni- ated research establishments in the three Sectors of cations/ICT to participate in the work of the three the Union will benefi t the work of those Sectors, the Sectors until the next Plenipotentiary Conference in conference adopted a new resolution for their admis- 2014, under certain conditions. Academic partici- sion for a trial period of four years. pants will not have a role in decision-making, and Hailed as a major step forward, this new resolu- they will have no role in the adoption of resolutions tion entitled “admission of academia, universities and or recommendations. their associated research establishments to partici- To participate in ITU activities, academic insti- pate in the work of the three Sectors of the Union” tutes must be supported by the Member States of claims that the scientifi c contributions of these bodies the Union to which they belong, and must not re- will far outweigh the fi nancial incentives proposed to place bodies currently listed with the Union as Sector encourage their participation. The level of their an- Members or Associates. The application and approv- nual fi nancial contribution has been set as follows: al process will be similar to that for Associates.

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 35 AltoPress/AFP 36 participation inITU’s work. to enableafi submitted tothePlenipotentiaryConference in2014, accommodate academicinstitutes.Areport willbe also seewhetheranychangesneedtobemade necessary. ITU’s three SectorAdvisoryGroups will ditions ordetailedpr 9 |2010 ITU News  The resolution empowerstheCounciltoaddcon- nal decisiontobetakenonacademic  November 2010 ocedures totheresolution, as Landmark decisionsfrom Guadalajara Increasing membership Resolution 170 (New) 170 Resolution work ofITU–RandITU–T from developingcountries inthe Admission ofSectormembers USD 2000). come (withannualpercapitaincomenotexceeding United NationsDevelopmentProgramme aslow-in- to SectorMembersfrom countriesclassifi veloped country. Thenewresolution willapplyonly affi the proviso thatsuchSectorMembersshallnotbe efi Sector Membersfrom developingcountrieswillben- t from areduced fee,astheydoinITU–D,with liated in any waytoSectorMemberofade- The conference agreed thatITU–TandITU–R ed bythe Landmark decisions from Guadalajara Assistance and support

Assistance and support to Palestine for Assistance and support rebuilding its telecommunication networks Resolution 125 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) Status of Palestine in ITU One of the revisions to this resolution recalls the Resolution 99 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) decision of the United Nations General Assembly to After negotiations led by the Chairman of the use the designation “Palestine” in the United Nations Conference, Fernando Borjón, and ITU Secretary- system. Another revision points out that the inter- General Dr Hamadoun I. Touré and with the active national community has an important role in as- participation of the parties concerned, a compromise sisting Palestine to develop a modern and reliable was reached with regard to revisions to two reso- telecommunication network. It states that a large lutions from previous plenipotentiary conferences part of the Palestinian telecommunication infrastruc- concerning the “status of Palestine in ITU” and “as- ture has been signifi cantly damaged in recent years. sistance and support to Palestine for rebuilding its Other changes to the resolution call upon Member telecommunication networks”. States to make every effort with a view to provid- Resolution 99 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) on the ing assistance and support to Palestine, bilaterally or “status of Palestine in ITU” as revised says that, through executive measures taken by ITU, in rebuild- pending any further change in the current status of ing, restoring and developing its telecommunication Palestine as observer in ITU, Palestine shall participate network. The Director of the Telecommunication in all ITU conferences, assemblies and meetings and Development Bureau (BDT) is instructed to take ap- in treaty-making conferences, with the additional propriate measures, within the mandate of BDT, to rights to: facilitate the establishment of international access  raise points of order; networks, including terrestrial and satellite stations,  co-sponsor proposals; submarine cables, optical fi bre and microwave sys-  attend the heads of delegation meetings; tems.   request the verbatim insertion of any declaration made during the course of a debate.

Assistance and support to Serbia for rebuilding its destroyed public broadcasting system Resolution 126 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) Updating Resolution 126, the conference underlined that the newly established public broad- casting facility in Serbia, known as “Broadcast Multiplex and Network Operator” (ETV), had been se- verely damaged. Without help from the international community, Serbia will not be able to bring its public broadcasting system and the digital switch-over process up to an acceptable level. The revised resolution calls upon Member States to offer all possible assistance. It instructs the Director of the Telecommunication Development Bureau to use the necessary funds (within available resources), in order to continue appropriate action. The Secretary-General will coordinate the activities carried out by the ITU Sectors to ensure that the Union’s action in favour of Serbia is as effective as possible. 

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 37 Landmark decisions from Guadalajara The Council

the study will be circulated to all Member States be- The Council fore the next Plenipotentiary Conference in 2014, which will also consider and take action on a draft Allocation of seats of Council Member States stable Constitution, to be prepared under the terms Resolution 164 (New) of this resolution. The Council is composed of Member States elect- ed every four years by the Plenipotentiary Conference. Independent Management As reported in the October 2010 issue of ITU News, Advisory Committee the conference decided to increase the number of Resolution 162 (New) seats of Council Member States from 46 to 48 (see Recognizing that the establishment of an in- page 39). Resolution 164 outlines the method for al- dependent management advisory committee con- locating seats of Council Member States among the tributes to effective oversight and governance of fi ve administrative regions. an organization, the conference decided that an Independent Management Advisory Committee Establishment of a Council working (IMAC) will be set up. The new resolution instructs group on a stable ITU Constitution the Council to establish IMAC on a trial basis for Resolution 163 (New) four years and to report to the next Plenipotentiary Numerous amendments have been made to the Conference in 2014. Constitution and Convention at plenipotentiary con- ferences. These amendments require ITU Member Creation and management of States to undertake a complex and lengthy process Council working groups for ratifi cation, acceptance, approval or accession Decision 11 (New) with regard to the amended instrument. A stable Over the last four years, it has become appar- Constitution would help resolve this diffi culty. ent that the schedule of the Council and its working To achieve this, a new resolution entitled “es- groups has put considerable strain on Member State tablishment of a Council working group on a stable and Sector Member resources, which have also been ITU Constitution” instructed the extraordinary ses- impacted by the global economic and fi nancial crisis. sion of the 2010 Council meeting in Guadalajara on A new resolution calls on the Council at its ordi- 22 October to establish such a group and to desig- nary session in 2011 to only create its working groups nate its chairman and vice-chairmen. The group will on the basis of the key issues, goals, strategies and be open to all ITU Member States, and its terms of priorities set for ITU for the years 2012–2015. And reference are annexed to the new resolution. to the extent possible, the Council should plan the Meanwhile, the Secretary-General will conduct meetings of its working groups to fi t within the agen- a study on the mechanisms used by other United da and timing of its annual sessions.  Nations organizations to bring into force amend- ments to their “basic instruments” and report to the 2011 or 2012 session of the Council. The results of

38 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 (9 seats) The Americas Region A Venezuela United States Paraguay Mexico Cuba Costa Rica Canada Brazil Argentina (8 seats) Western Europe Region B Turkey Switzerland Sweden Spain Italy Greece Germany France Northern Asia (5seats) Eastern Europe and Region C Russian Federation Romania Poland Czech Republic Bulgaria (13 seats) Africa Region D Tunisia South Africa Senegal Rwanda Nigeria Morocco Mali Kenya Ghana Egypt Cameroon Burkina Faso Algeria 9 |2010 ITU News  (13 seats) Asia andAustralasia Region E  November 2010 UnitedArab Emirates Thailand Saudi Arabia Philippines Malaysia Kuwait Korea (Rep.of) Japan Indonesia India China Bangladesh Australia 39

Shutterstock The conference noted with satisfaction and appreciation the steps taken so far to implement Resolution 154 (Antalya, 2006) on the “use of the six offi cial languages of the Union on an equal footing”.

Free on-line access to ITU publications A mixed bag Decision 12 (New) The conference decided that free online access Strengthening ITU’s regional presence will be provided to the general public, on a permanent Resolution 25 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) basis, for ITU–R Recommendations, ITU–R Reports, Based on proposals from Member States and the basic texts of the Union (the Constitution and on the 2009 report of the Joint Inspection Unit of the Convention) and the Final Acts of plenipotentiary the United Nations entitled “Effectiveness of the conferences. This decision follows a trial period of ITU Regional presence”, the conference revised this free on-line access to these publications, introduced resolution, calling for an additional evaluation, and in January 2009 on the instructions of the 2008 ses- requesting the Director of the Telecommunication sion of the Council. Development Bureau to develop operational and fi - Paper copies of these publications will continue nancial indicators to be used for evaluating region- to be charged for on the basis of a two-tier pric- al presence. The evaluation criteria in Annex 1 to ing policy, with Member States, Sector Members Resolution 25 were also completely revised. and Associates paying a price based on cost re- As updated, the resolution recognizes the need covery, while non-members will pay a market price for equitable treatment of regions in terms of budg- determined by ITU’s Sales and Marketing Division. etary allocations and gives more autonomy to re- In addition, the conference has now made perma- gional and area offi ces. It requires the development nent an earlier policy on free online access to ITU–T of stronger mutually benefi cial working relationships Recommendations. with Member States, for instance through stronger collaboration with regional organizations.

40 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 Landmark decisions from Guadalajara A mixed bag

The Secretary-General is instructed to prepare a  harmonizing and unifying working procedures report for the Council on sales of ITU publications in the six language services, and providing them (with the exception of the texts listed above), soft- with the necessary qualifi ed staff and tools to ware and databases. The report should detail such meet their requirements. aspects as total sales per year (beginning with 2007); comparison between sales of paper copies and of Human exposure to and measurement electronic copies; sales by country and by member of electromagnetic fi elds category; and comparison of copies sold and not Resolution 176 (New) sold. A new resolution on “Human exposure to and Based on this report, the Council will decide on measurement of electromagnetic fi elds” recognizes further policies for improving access to ITU publica- that the massive development in radio spectrum use tions, software and databases. It will also undertake has resulted in multiple sources of electromagnetic a holistic study on the costs and benefi ts of extend- fi eld emissions. The resolution sets out a role for ITU ing free-online access to other ITU texts, including in supporting Member States in measuring exposure the Administrative Regulations (the International and in related capacity building. Telecommunication Regulations and the Radio ITU has expertise in calculating and measuring Regulations). the fi eld strength and power density of radio sig- nals, while the International Commission on Non Use of six languages on an equal footing Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), the Institute Resolution 154 (Guadalajara, 2010) of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and The conference noted with satisfaction and ap- the International Organization for Standardization/ preciation the steps taken so far to implement International Electrotechnical Commission (ISO/IEC) Resolution 154 (Antalya, 2006) on the “use of the six have set guidelines on limits of human exposure to offi cial languages of the Union on an equal footing”. electromagnetic fi elds. Many countries have adopted The resolution has been updated to allow the Council national regulations to protect their citizens, based to continue monitoring the work carried out by the on these guidelines. ITU secretariat on: ITU’s new role will be to collect and disseminate  merging all existing databases for defi nitions and information on exposure to electromagnetic fi elds, terminology into a centralized system, with prop- and on methods of measuring exposure, in order to er measures for its maintenance, expansion and assist regulatory bodies, particularly in developing updating; countries, to establish appropriate national regula-  creating the necessary centralized editing func- tions to protect their citizens. tions for each language, on an equal footing be- Regional seminars and workshops will be held tween languages; to build human capacity, and Member States are

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 41 Landmark decisions from Guadalajara A mixed bag

expected to share their expertise and resources. The Future conferences, assemblies Council and the next Plenipotentiary Conference will and forums of the Union get reports on the matter. Resolution 77 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) The conference noted that the dates for the Telecommunications and ICT next Radiocommunication Assembly (RA) have been applications for e-health set for 16–20 January 2012, and those for the next Resolution 183 (New) World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC) for This new resolution aims to ensure that ITU–T 23 January — 17 February 2012. It also agreed on deals with e-health issues, including awareness- the following schedule: raising, information exchange, and direct action  World Telecommunication Standardization to assimilate telecommunications/ICT in the health Assembly (WTSA): November 2012 sector. The resolution states that the World Health  World Conference on International Organization (WHO) and ITU have a key role to pro- Telecommunications (WCIT): November 2012 mote stronger coordination amongst the key players  World Telecommunication Development in all technical areas of e-health standardization. Conference (WTDC): March–April 2014  Plenipotentiary Conference (PP-14): to be held in the Republic of Korea in 2014. 

42 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 Shutterstock

Strategic Plan for ITU for 2012–2015

The conference approved a new Strategic Plan for Radiocommunication Sector (ITU–R) ITU for 2012–2015. Information and communication The strategic goal of ITU–R is to: technologies are responding to the changing needs  ensure interference-free operations of radiocom- of today’s consumers in a transformed communica- munication systems by means of implementing tions landscape. ITU, with its vision to connect the the Radio Regulations and Regional Agreements, world in order to safeguard everyone’s fundamental as well as by updating these instruments through right to communicate, needs a strong and effective the processes of the world and regional radio- strategic plan both to respond to the changing needs communication conferences; of its members and to prove its ongoing relevance in  establish Recommendations intended to assure an all-IP world. the necessary performance and quality in operat- The plan contains goals for each of the compo- ing radiocommunication systems; nent parts of ITU, along with objectives to achieve  seek ways and means to ensure the rational, eq- the Union’s overall mission. Here we only highlight uitable, effi cient and economical use of the radio- the goals. frequency spectrum and satellite orbit resources, and to promote fl exibility for future expansion and new technological developments.

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 43 Landmark decisions from Guadalajara Strategic Plan for ITU for 2012–2015

Telecommunication Standardization implementation of the fi nancial and strategic plans of Sector (ITU–T) the Union, and coordinates inter-sectoral activities, The strategic goal of ITU–T is to: as identifi ed in the ITU basic texts (the Constitution  develop interoperable, non-discriminatory inter- and the Convention). national standards (ITU–T Recommendations);  assist in bridging the standardization gap be- The resolution that goes with the plan… tween developed and developing countries; Resolution 71 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) on the  extend and facilitate international cooperation “Strategic Plan for the Union for 2012–2015” con- among international and regional standardization tains an annex setting out this plan. The revised bodies. resolution says that the new plan should be com- plemented with the objectives and outputs of the Telecommunication Development previous plan for the years 2008–2011. It authorizes Sector (ITU–D) the Secretary-General to make recommendations to The strategic goal of ITU–D is to: adjust the plan in the light of changes in the telecom-  promote the availability of infrastructure and fos- munication/ICT environment. He can also modify the ter an enabling environment for telecommunica- plan, if necessary, to facilitate the accomplishment of tion/ICT infrastructure development and for its ITU’s mission. In so doing, he would take account of use in a safe and secure manner; proposals from the competent ITU Sector Advisory  assist developing countries to bridge the digital Groups, decisions by conferences and assemblies of divide and achieve greater telecommunication/ the Sectors, and changes in the Union’s activities or ICT-enabled socioeconomic development; its fi nancial situation.  expand the benefi ts of the information society to As for the Council, it will “oversee further devel- the membership in cooperation with public and opment and implementation of the strategic plan for private stakeholders, and promote the integra- 2012–2015” on the basis of the Secretary-General’s tion of the use of telecommunication/ICT into annual reports. The Council will also present an as- the broader economy as a driver of development, sessment of the results of the strategic plan for innovation, well-being, growth and productivity 2012–2015 to the next Plenipotentiary Conference globally. in 2014, along with a proposed strategic plan for the period 2016–2019. Meanwhile, Member States can General Secretariat (GS) contribute national and regional insights on policy, The General Secretariat aims for effectiveness and regulatory and operational matters to ITU’s strategic effi ciency in the planning, management, coordina- planning process. And Sector Members can commu- tion and delivery of services to support the Union and nicate their views on the strategic plan through their its membership. The General Secretariat ensures the relevant Sectors and the corresponding Advisory Groups.

44 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 Shutterstock

Financial Plan for the years 2012–2015

The conference approved a Financial Plan for ITU for Based on the number of contributory units from the years 2012–2015, covering two biennial budget Member States and from Sector Members as well periods. ITU’s main sources of income are the con- as the number of Associates known at the time of tributions from its Member States, Sector Members the conference, the revenue forecast for the period and Associates, made under a free choice system. 2012–2015 is CHF 632 007 000. This corresponds to Like for every Plenipotentiary Conference, one of a shortfall of CHF 23.2 million or 3.5 per cent; com- the key tasks of the Guadalajara Conference was to pared with the 2008–2009 and 2010–2011 budgets. approve ITU’s Financial Plan for the next four-year The Financial Plan, which refl ects this shortfall, is period. But before a fi nancial plan can be fi nalized integrated as Annex 1 to Decision 5 (Rev. Guadalajara) and balanced with a realistic revenue forecast, the entitled “income and expenditure for the Union for conference has to fi rst determine in Swiss Francs the the period 2012–2015”. In view of the unantici- contributory unit payable by Member States. pated reduction of revenue resulting from the drop So, on 5 October 2010, the conference set the de- in classes of contribution from Member States and fi nitive upper limit of the amount of the contributory Sector Members, the Council is instructed to author- unit at CHF 318 000 for the period 2012–2015. It ize a one-time withdrawal from the Reserve Account then invited Member States to notify to ITU their de- (while keeping this Account at a level above six per fi nitive choice of class of contribution by 13 October cent of total annual expenditure), in order to mini- 2010, on the basis of a revised scale (No. 468 MOD mize the impact on staffi ng levels in the ITU biennial of the Convention). Some Member States announced budgets for 2012–2013 and 2014–2015. a reduction in their contributions.

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 45 Landmark decisions from Guadalajara Financial Plan for the years 2012–2015

The Council shall, during each budgetary period, The revised Decision also contains a list of “meas- assess the changes that have taken place with regard ures for reducing expenditure”, in particular requiring to: ITU to:  salary scales, pension contributions and allowanc-  eliminate any duplication of activities; es, including post adjustments, established by the  centralize fi nance and administrative tasks; United Nations common system and applicable to  harmonize seminars and workshops organized the staff employed by the Union; by the General Secretariat or the three Sectors to  the exchange rate between the Swiss franc and avoid duplication of the subjects covered and to the United States dollar in so far as this affects optimize secretariat attendance; the staff costs for those staff members on United  coordinate with regional organizations with a Nations scales; view to sharing their resources and to minimizing  the purchasing power of the Swiss franc in re- the costs of participation in workshops, seminars spect of non-staff items of expenditure. and preparatory meetings for world conferences; Revised Decision 5 instructs the Secretary-General,  make savings from attrition, the redeployment of with the help of the Coordination Committee (ITU staff, and the review and possible reduction of elected offi cials), to draw up and implement “a pro- grades of vacant posts; gramme of appropriate revenue increases, cost effi -  implement new or additional activities through ciencies and reductions across all ITU operations so as staff redeployment. to ensure a balanced budget”. It instructs the Council For new programmes or those having additional to take account of the impact of any cost-reduction fi nancial resource implications, a “value-added im- programme on the staff of the Union, including the pact statement" should justify how the proposed pro- implementation of a voluntary separation and early grammes differ from current or similar programmes retirement scheme, “where this can be funded from in order to avoid overlap and duplication. budgetary savings or through a withdrawal from the Reserve Account”.

46 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 Landmark decisions from Guadalajara More new and revised Resolutions

More new and revised Resolutions*

New Resolutions 173 Piracy and attacks against fi xed and cellular telephone networks in Lebanon Deadlines for the submission of proposals and procedures for the registration of participants to conferences, assemblies and 165 meetings of the Union 166 Number of vice-chairmen of Sector advisory groups, study groups and other groups 167 Strengthening ITU capabilities for electronic meetings and means to advance the work of the Union 168 Translation of ITU Recommendations Revised Resolutions (Guadalajara, 2010) 2 World telecommunication/information and communication technology policy forum 4 Duration of plenipotentiary conferences of the Union 30 Special measures for the least developed countries, small island developing states, landlocked developing countries and countries with economies in transition 34 Assistance and support to countries in special need for rebuilding their telecommunication sector 36 Telecommunications/information and communication technology in the service of humanitarian assistance 41 Arrears and special arrears accounts 48 Human resources management and development 58 Strengthening of relations between ITU and regional telecommunication organizations and regional preparations for the Plenipotentiary Conference 64 Non-discriminatory access to modern telecommunication/information and communication technology facilities and services and applications, within the mandate of the ITU including applied research and transfer of technology, on mutually agreed terms 66 Documents and publications of the Union 68 World Telecommunication and Information Society Day 72 Linking strategic, fi nancial and operational planning in ITU 91 Cost recovery for some ITU products and services 94 Auditing of the accounts of the Union 122 The evolving role of the World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly 135 ITU’s role in the development of telecommunications/information and communication technologies, in providing technical assistance and advice to developing countries, and in implementing relevant national, regional and interregional projects 136 The use of telecommunication/information and communication technologies for monitoring and management in emergency and disaster situations for early warning, prevention, mitigation and relief 139 Telecommunications/information and communication technologies to bridge the digital divide and build an inclusive information society 143 Extending the provisions in ITU documents relating to developing countries to apply to countries with economies in transition 150 Approval of the accounts of the Union for the years 2006–2009 151 Implementation of results-based management (RBM) in ITU 152 Improvements of management and follow-up of the defrayal of ITU expenses by Sector Members and Associates 153 Scheduling of Council sessions and plenipotentiary conferences 157 Strengthening of the project execution function in ITU 158 Financial issues for consideration by the Council 159 Assistance and support to Lebanon for rebuilding its telecommunication networks (fi xed and mobile)

* Note – This list complements the landmark decisions highlighted on pages 15–46.

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 47 ITU

Closure of the conference

The conference ended on 22 October 2010 with statements of Korea, with Chile thanking all participants for their moral from Fernando Guzmán Pérez Peláez, Secretary-General of support regarding the rescue, during the conference, of the the Government of Jalisco; Juan Francisco Molinar Horcasitas, 33 Chilean miners that had been trapped in a copper mine Mexico’s Minister of Communications and Transport; and ITU for 69 days. Secretary-General, Dr Hamadoun Touré. Qatar welcomed the spirit of cooperation and compro- All delegations who took the fl oor thanked the Government mise that had prevailed. Sweden, on behalf of the European and people of Mexico for their warm hospitality, adding that Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations they had set a new standard of excellence in terms of the (CEPT) and European members, expressed the confi dence that logistical support provided to the conference. the decisions taken by the conference would help to guide Delegations also commended: the Chairman of the con- ITU’s future work and ensure that it remained the leading tel- ference for the skill with which he had conducted the discus- ecommunication organization in the world. sions and for his patience, wisdom and efforts to build con- For the Russian Federation, diffi cult decisions had been sensus; the chairmen and vice-chairmen of the committees taken by the conference in areas including Internet govern- and the Working Group of the Plenary for their sterling work; ance, and building confi dence and security in the use of ICT. the ITU staff for ensuring that the conference ran smoothly; And for the United States, the Chairman had brought to a the Secretary-General for his vision and efforts to raise ITU’s successful conclusion a landmark conference that would lead profi le; and the outgoing Directors of BR and BDT for their ITU into a new era of cooperation and collaboration. leadership and valuable contribution to ITU over many years. The Republic of Korea, whose offer to host the next They wished the newly elected offi cials every success. Plenipotentiary Conference in 2014 had received applause at These sentiments were echoed from the United Arab the beginning of the conference, congratulated participants Emirates to Iraq, Qatar, Senegal, Nigeria, Brazil, Sweden, on their achievements and expressed the hope that the en- the Russian Federation, the United States and the Republic thusiasm and spirit of cooperation from Guadalajara live on.

48 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 Mexican MinistryofCommunicationsand the role ofITU, inparticularwithregard technologies. Ithassucceededingoing taken historicalstepsthatwillenhance of theConference andCoordinator of country.” Fernando Borjón, Chairman marathon undertakingtostrengthen Technological Developmentwiththe to informationandcommunication further thananticipated,andhas the useofICT byeachandevery “The conference embarkedona Transport.

ITU Conference. Fernando Borjón,Chairmanofthe Development Bureau (BDT); andto Director oftheTelecommunication Sami AlBasheerMorshid,outgoing the ITUSilvermedalandcertifi Radiocommunication Bureau (BR);and Timofeev, outgoingDirector of the medal andcertifi Dr Touré awarded theITUGold 9 |2010 ITU News  catetoValery  November 2010 cateto 49

ITU ITU The conference in photos

The conference heard policy statements from a total of 93 top-level offi cials from Member State delegations ITU

50 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 Dr Touré and Mr Zhao after their re-election ITU

ITU Conference swears in newly elected offi cials The conference decided that the newly elected offi cials and the 12 members of the Radio Regulations Board (RRB) will take offi ce on 1 January 2011. At the swearing-in ceremony on 14 October 2010, the re-elected offi cials received their letters of re-appointment from the Chairman of the Conference: Secretary-General Dr Hamadoun I. Touré; Deputy Secretary-General, Houlin Zhao; and Director of the Telecommunication Standardization Bureau, Malcolm Johnson.

Malcolm Johnson, Director of the Telecommunication Standardization Bureau and Fernando Borjón, Chairman of the Conference « François Rancy Director Elect of the Radiocommunication Bureau

» Brahima Sanou Director Elect of the Telecommunication Development Bureau ITU ITU

The following oath of offi ce was taken in French by the Director Elect of the Radiocommunication Bureau, François Rancy, and the Director Elect of the Telecommunication Development Bureau, Brahima Sanou: “I solemnly undertake to exercise in all loyalty, discretion and conscience the functions entrusted to me as a staff member of the International Telecommunication Union; to discharge these functions and to regulate my conduct with the interest of the Union only in view, without seeking or accepting instructions or assistance from any Government or other authority external to the Union in regard to the accomplishment of my duties.” They both received their letters of appointment from the Chairman of the Conference after being sworn in.

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 51 ITU ITU Director oftheITURadiocommunicationBureau (right) Dr HamadounTouré inthepresence ofHoulinZhao,ITUDeputySecretary-General (left);andValery Timofeev, Akossi Akossi,Secretary-General oftheAfricanTelecommunication Union(ATU), receiving theITUSilvermedalfrom Telecommunication Standardization Bureau Al Morshid,Director oftheITUTelecommunication DevelopmentBureau; MrTaylor; and MalcolmJohnson,Director oftheITU ITU RadiocommunicationBureau; HoulinZhao,ITUDeputySecretary-General; MrZourmba;Lebbadi;DrTouré; SamiAlBasheer Those present inGuadalajara are pictured here withtheITUmanagementteam(from lefttoright):Valery Timofeev, Director ofthe (Cameroon). Martine Limodin(France); ShahzadaAlamMalik(Pakistan); WladyslawMoron (Poland); SholaTaylor (Nigeria); andAboubakarZourmba thanking themfortheirdedicatedandoutstandingcontributiontotheUnion:RobertW. Jones(Canada); HassanLebbadi(Morocco); The Secretary-General, DrHamadounTouré, awarded theITUSilvermedaltooutgoingmembersofRadioRegulationsBoard, Tribute tooutgoingmembersoftheRadioRegulationsBoard 52 9 |2010 ITU News   November 2010 at theSanJosecopperminefor69days. The conference congratulated theChileandelegationfortriumphantrescue ofthe33minersthatwere trapped Congratulations totheChileandelegation! who wasalsogranted honorary citizenship Jorge AristótelesSandovalDíaz,MayorofGuadalajara, gavethekeyofcitytoDrHamadounTouré, 9 |2010 ITU News   November 2010 53

AFP ITU Offi cial Visits

During the Plenipotentiary Conference in Guadalajara, Mexico, from 4–22 October 2010, courtesy visits were made to ITU Secretary-General Hamadoun I. Touré by the following ministers, ambassadors to the United Nations Offi ce and other international organizations in Geneva, and other important guests. Visits made to the Secretary-General in Geneva, after this conference and before the end of October, are given on page 60.

Guadalajara

Khun So, Cambodia’s Minister of Posts and Diego Molano, Colombia’s Minister Pedro Lay da Silva, Timor-Leste’s Minister Telecommunications of Information and Communication of Infrastructure Technology

See Joong Choi, Chairman of the Korea Hodhoaer Inzouddine, Comoros Minister of Moshe Kahalon, Israel’s Minister of Communications Commission, Republic of Posts and Telecommunications in charge Communications Korea of Communication and Promotion of New Information Technologies

All photos are by V. Martin/ITU.

54 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 Offi cial Visits in Guadalajara, Mexico

Eusébio Saíde, Mozambique’s Deputy Mashhour Abudaqqa, Palestine’s Minister Jorge Seall sasiain, President of Minister of Transport and Communications of Telecom and IT Paraguay’s National Telecommunications Commission, the Comisión Nacional de Telecomunicaciones (CONATEL)

Tifatul Sembiring, Indonesia’s Minister Talibe Diallo, Guinea’s Minister of Samuel Lesuron Poghisio, Kenya’s Minister of Communication and Information Telecommunications and New Information of Information and Communications Technology and Communication Technologies

Francis Itimai, Micronesia’s Secretary Vijayalakshmy K. Gupta, Member Lyonpo Nandalal Rai, Bhutan’s Minister of (Minister) of Transportation, (Finance) in the Telecom Commission of Information and Communications Communication and Infrastructure India’s Department of Telecom, Ministry of Communications and Information Technology

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 55 Offi cial Visits in Guadalajara, Mexico

Wilber Salvador Flores Bustillos, Reza Taghipour Anvari, the Islamic Republic Ndongo Diao, Director-General of Bolivia’s Acting Vice Minister for of Iran’s Minister of Information and Senegal’s Regulatory Authority for Telecommunications, Ministry of Public Communication Technologies Telecommunications and Post (ARTP). Works, Services and Housing Mr Diao and Dr Hamadoun Touré in Guadalajara, after signing the Memorandum of Understanding for holding the 2010 Global Symposium for Regulators and Global Industry Leaders’ Forum in Dakar, Senegal

Bernardo Lorenzo Almendros, Spain’s Abdulmohsen Al-Mazidi, Kuwait’s Under Secretary of State for Telecommunications Secretary of Communications and the Information Society

Eseta Fusitua, Tonga’s Minister of Tariq Al Awadhi, Executive Director of Jaime Guerrero, Ecuador’s Minister of Information and Communications Spectrum and International Affairs in the Telecommunications and the Information Telecommunications Regulatory Authority Society of the United Arab Emirates

56 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 Offi cial Visits in Guadalajara, Mexico

Héctor Mario Carril, Adviser, Argentina’s Rajiuddin Ahmed Raju, Bangladesh’s Jean Bawoyeu Alingue, Chad ’s Minister Ministry of Communications Minister of Posts and Telecommunications of Posts, Information and Communication Technologies

Eugene Juwah, Executive Vice-Chairman/ Richard Boidin, Secretary-General in charge CEO of the Nigerian Communications of preparations for the Plenipotentiary Commission, Nigeria Conference, France’s Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs

Nam Thang Le, Viet Nam’s Vice Minister of Veselin Bozhkov, Chairman of Bulgaria’s Idriss Jazaïry, Ambassador of Algeria Information and Communication Communications Regulation Commission

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 57 Offi cial Visits in Guadalajara, Mexico

Thierry Savonarole Maleyombo, the Central Dina Deliwe Pule, South Africa’s Deputy Imad Sabouni, Syrian Arab Republic’s African Republic’s Minister of Posts and Minister of Communications Minister of Communications and Telecommunications in charge of New Technology Technologies

Amir Khadr, Iraq’s Deputy Minister of Madut Bair Yel Akuei, State Minister of Communications Communication and Postal Services, South Sudan Government, Sudan

Kreso Antonovic, Director-General at Croatia’s Ministry of The Sea, Transport and Infrastructure (left); and Drazen Lucic, Director of the Croatian Post and Electronic Communications Agency (right)

58 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 Offi cial Visits in Guadalajara, Mexico

Hideo Hiraoka, Japan’s State Secretary for Gelbin Rafael Ponce Rosales, Gideon Quarcoo, Ghana’s Deputy Minister Internal Affairs and Communications Commissioner at the Honduras National of Communications Telecommunications Commission, the Comisión Nacional de Telecomunicaciones (CONATEL)

Pedro Sebastião Teta, Angola’s Deputy Asror Ishankhodjaev, First Deputy Director Minister of Telecommunications and General of Uzbekistan’s Communications Information Technologies and Information Agency

ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 59 Meeting with the Secretary-General Offi cial Visits in Geneva

Geneva

Kabiné Komara, Former Prime Minister of Laura Mirachian, Ambassador of Italy Slimane Chikh, Ambassador of the Guinea Organization of the Islamic Conference

Alan Potter, Chairman of the United Nations Federal Credit Union (UNFCU); and Michael Connery, CEO and President of UNFCU

60 ITU News  9 | 2010  November 2010 BE SEEN. BE HEARD. BE PART OF THE GENEVA, OCTOBER 24-28, 2011 WORLD’S MOST INFLUENTIAL ICT EVENT. ITU Telecom World has changed. More discussion. More debate. More opportunities to network. More forward looking and forward thinking. More influential people. More reasons for you to be there. www.itu.int/world2011