Eurostat Working Papers Population and social conditions 3/2004/F/n 02 Documentation of the 2000 Round of Population and Housing Censuses in the EU, EFTA and Candidate Countries Part III and Annexes University of Thessaly eurostat Population and social conditions 3/2004/F/n 02 Documentation of the 2000 Round of Population and Housing Censuses in the EU, EFTA and Candidate Countries Part III and Annexes University of Thessaly The views expressed in this document are the author's and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission Copyright: European Commission 2004 DOCUMENTATION OF THE 2000 ROUND OF POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUSES IN THE EU, EFTA AND CANDIDATE COUNTRIES May 2003 by Byron Kotzamanis Giambattista Cantisani Arij Dekker Despina Logiadu-Didika Maire-Noëlle Duquenne Alberto Castori Laboratory of Demographic and Social Analysis Department of Planning and Regional Development University of Thessaly Pedion Areos 38334 Volos Greece Documentation of the 2000 Round of Population and Housing Censuses in the EU, EFTA and Candidate Countries eurostamt TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword Ill Acknowledgements V Table of contents VII List of tables IX List of figures X List of diagrams X Part I - Overview on population census and its international aspects 1 1. Origin and evolution of censuses 3 2. The census as a varying and evolving concept 3 3. International activities and transition to the 2000 Census Round 4 4. Census methods around 2000 6 5. Towards the 'best method'? 9 Part II - Comparative analysis of selected topics 11 1. Frequency and typology of the census 13 2. Legal framework 22 3. Preparatory phases 27 4. Publicity and information campaign 36 5. Field work and data collection 42 6. Comparability of census contents as regards international recommendations 47 7. Data capture, dataprocessing and the application of ICT technologies 56 8. Publication and dissemination 65 9. Costs of the censuses 72 10. Conclusions and future plans 77 Part III - Country reports 85 European Union Belgium 87 Denmark 95 Germany 99 Greece 103 Spain Ill France 117 Ireland 125 Italy 131 Luxembourg 139 Netherlands 145 Austria 151 Portugal 159 Finland , 165 Sweden 173 United Kingdom 177 Wh Documentation of the 2000 Round of Population and Housing Censuses eurOStat in the EU, EFTA and Candidate Countries European Free Trade Association Iceland 183 Norway 189 Switzerland 197 Candidate countries Bulgaria 205 Czech Republic 211 Estonia 217 Hungary 223 Latvia 229 Lithuania 237 Poland 243 Romania 247 Slovak Republic 253 Slovenia 259 Cyprus 267 Malta....: 271 Turkey 277 Annexes 1. List of abbreviations and acronyms 285 2. Population and Housing Census dates in the world at 1990 and 2000 Rounds 287 3. Country reports for the Western Balkans 297 Albania 299 Croatia 305 Serbia - Montenegro 311 The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 317 4. Main references 325 5. NSI addresses and census units 331 6. LDSA survey questionnaire (including the Eurostat Table Programme) 337 7. Census questionnaires (facsimiles)* 357 8. Documentation on legal framework* ....361 C* available only on CD-Rom - Request to be addressed to: [email protected]. int) Documentation of the 2000 Round of Population and Housing Censuses in the EU, EFTA and Candidate Countries eUfOStclmt LIST OF TABLES Part Π - Comparative analysis of selected topics Table 1 - History of population enumerations/censuses 14 Table 2 -Type of legislation 25 Table 3 - Contents of census laws : 26 Table 4 - Main features of the cartographic process 29 Table 5 -Main features of the Pilot Census and other tests 31 Table 6 - Existence of registers 33 Table 7 - Existence and use of the Personal Identification Number (ΡΓΝ) 34 Table 8 - Type of census publicity means adopted at 2000 Round 37 Table 9 - Target groups for the publicity campaign 38 Table 10 - Main slogans used for publicity 39 Table 11 - Media support for the information campaign 41 Table 12 - Main features of enumeration and Post-Enumeration Surveys (PES) 43 Table 13a - Number of core and optional (non-core) topics covered by each country. Population variables 48 Table 13b - Number of core and non-core (optional) topics covered by each country. Housing - household variables 49 Table 14a - Compliance with the UNECE / Eurostat Recommendations. Population variables .51 Table 14b - Compliance with the UNECE / Eurostat Recommendations. Housing - household variables 54 Table 15 - Data capture methods 58 Table 16 - Type of classifications used 59 Table 17 - Data coding 60 Table 18 - Computer-supported editing of raw data files 61 Table 19 - Use of software 63 Table 20 - Availability of data according to the Eurostat Table Programme 69 Table 21 - Compliance with the Eurostat Table Programme 70 Table 22 - Estimated costs of the census 73 Table 23 - Census costs by budget lines 76 Table 24 - Use of census results 77 Table 25 - Activities not carried out by NSI or outsourced 79 Table 26 - Main problems and difficulties encountered from countries 80 Table 27 -Expected sources of data collection for the 2010 Census Round 82 Part HI - Country reports Table 28 - Overview of data sources of the 2001 Census Programme in the Netherlands 149 Table 29 - The use of register data in Population and Housing Censuses in Finland, 1950-2000 171 Table 30 - Distribution of communes and population by survey variants in Switzerland 200 Table 31 - Programme of the 2000 Population and Housing Census in Latvia 234 ~3Ά Documentation of the 2000 Round of Population and Housing Censuses in the EU, EFTA and Candidate Countries eurostat LIST OF FIGURES Part Π - Comparative analysis of selected topics Figure 1 - The evolution of the census methods 19 Figure 2 - Enumeration methods adopted at 2000 Census Round 44 Figure 3 - Availability of data for the Table Programme 66 Figure 4 - Census costs by main budget lines 75 LIST OF DIAGRAMS Part Π - Comparative analysis of selected topics Diagram 1 - Synchronisation of population censuses at 2000 Round 16 Diagram 2 - Methods adopted since the 1970 Census Round 18 Diagram 3 - Time schedule for the definitive availability of final census results according to the Eurostat Table Programme 71 Part ΙΠ - Country reports Diagram 4 - Sources used in the Population Census 2000 in Finland 168 Diagram 5 - The missing link between dwellings and persons according to the previous register data in Norway up to 2001 190 Diagram.6 - Survey for variant approach in Switzerland 199 Diagram 7 - Information systems architecture for data dissemination in Lithuania 242 Documentation of the 2000 Round of Population and Housing Censuses in the EU, EFTA and Candidate Countries eurostat PART III COUNTRY REPORTS 85 Documentation of the 2000 Round of Population and Housing Censuses in the EU, EFTA and Candidate Countries m eurostat BELGIUM Introduction The first Belgian census was organised in 1846 on the initiative of Adolphe Quetelet. This was not an ordinary count of inhabitants as it also included a complete section on agriculture and industry. Since then there have been 14 population censuses in Belgium. The different censuses occurred at intervals of approximately ten years (1856, 1866, 1876, 1880, 1890, 1900, 1910, 1920, 1930, 1947, 1961, 1970, 1981 and 1991). According to the basic legal texts censuses were purely for administrative purposes. Since 1856 all censuses have requested information concerning demographic, social and economic data. In recent years, as the Central Population Register^ (CPR) seemed to be a reliable source of determining population figures, it was recognised as the centralising database of municipal registers in 1985. Since 1991 the official population figure has been determined using this register meaning that the census was no longer purely for administrative purposes. With the introduction of the General Socio-Economie Survey, which began on 1 October 2001, the days of classic censuses in Belgium are long gone. On 4 May 2000 the Council of Ministers made note of a proposition of the Minister of Economy on a general socio-economic survey to be held on the population in 2001. The Council of Ministers ratified the guidelines and charged the Minister of Economy with implementation of the survey. Therefore we no longer speak of the 'General Population and Housing Census', but of the 'General Socio-economic Survey' (or simply 'Survey 200 Γ in the following text). The change of name indicates that it no longer relates only to a pure count of the population but to a general socio-economic survey. Legislation Under international law the General Socio-Economie Survey 2001 is the subject of an 'Agreement on the guidelines for the programming of population and housing censuses in 2001 '. From a judicial viewpoint this agreement is not obligatory but is an official and combined recommendation of the Community and national authorities. The Statistics Law of 4 July 1962 and Art. 21 of the 2 January 2001 law on social and budgetary dispositions and others constitute the legal basis of 'Survey 2001', organised by the Institute Nationale de la Statistique (INS) under the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The organisation, management and the compulsory nature of the survey is fixed by the Royal Act of 1 October 2001 published in the Official Journal of 5 October 2001. 1 National Register of Natural Persons. 87 Documentation of the 2000 Round of Population and Housing Censuses eurOStamt in the EU, EFTA and Candidate Countries BELGIUM Preparatory phases and organisation of data collection In April 1996, as the advisory institute that supervises INS activities, the High Council for Statistics set up the working group 'Census 2001 '. Its mission was to find alternative methods as satisfactory as those of a classical population and housing censuses yet having additional advantages, such as lower cost and a more frequent updating of data. In particular, this related to use of administrative registers, carrying out a survey linked to the renewal of identity cards and conducting a sample survey.