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Instructor's Manual DAMR.6050.Vol.I-bkfm.i-xxvi:VOL.I 7/14/08 5:59 PM Page i Instructor’s Manual to accompany The Longman Anthology of World Literature SECOND EDITION VOLUME I VOLUME A: THE ANCIENT WORLD VOLUME B: THE MEDIEVAL ERA VOLUME C: THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD David Damrosch David L. Pike General Editors April Alliston Marshall Brown Page duBois Sabry Hafez Ursula Heise Djelal Kadir Sheldon Pollock Bruce Robbins Haruo Shirane Jane Tylus Pauline Yu Longman New York San Francisco Boston London Toronto Sydney Tokyo Singapore Madrid Mexico City Munich Paris Cape Town Hong Kong Montreal DAMR.6050.Vol.I-bkfm.i-xxvi:VOL.I 7/14/08 5:59 PM Page ii Vice President and Editor-in-Chief: Joseph Terry Senior Supplements Editor: Donna Campion Text Design, Project Manager, and Electronic Page Makeup: Grapevine Publishing Services, Inc. Instructor’s Manual to accompany The Longman Anthology of World Literature, Second Edition, Volume I, by David Damrosch et al. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Instructors may reproduce portions of this book for classroom use only. All other reproductions are strictly prohibited without prior permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10— OPM —11 10 09 08 Longman is an imprint of ISBN 10: 0-205-64605-0 www.pearsonhighered.com ISBN 13: 978-0-205-64605-0 DAMR.6050.Vol.I-bkfm.i-xxvi:VOL.I 7/14/08 5:59 PM Page iii CONTENTS General Editors’ Preface xi Guide to MyLiteratureLab xvii VOLUME A: THE ANCIENT WORLD The Ancient Near East A Babylonian Theogony 1 The Memphite Theology 2 Genesis 1–11 2 Poetry of Love and Devotion 5 The Song of Songs 6 The Epic of Gilgamesh 8 PERSPECTIVES: Death and Immortality 12 The Book of Job 14 PERSPECTIVES: Strangers in a Strange Land 17 The Story of Sinuhe 17 The Two Brothers 19 The Joseph Story 19 The Book of Ruth 23 Classical Greece Homer 28 The Iliad 28 RESONANCE: Filip Vi˘snjic´34 Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman. iii DAMR.6050.Vol.I-bkfm.i-xxvi:VOL.I 7/14/08 5:59 PM Page iv iv Contents The Odyssey 35 RESONANCES: Franz Kafka, George Seferis, and Derek Walcott 39 Archaic Lyric Poetry 39 Arkhilokhos 40 Sappho 40 RESONANCE: Alejandra Pizarnik 42 Alkaios 42 Pindar 43 RESONANCES: John Keats and Rainer Maria Rilke 45 Aeschylus 45 RESONANCE: William Butler Yeats 50 Sophocles 50 RESONANCE: Aristotle 54 PERSPECTIVES: Tyranny and Democracy 54 Solon 55 Thucydides 56 Plato 58 Euripides 61 RESONANCE: Friedrich Nietzsche 64 Aristophanes 65 Early South Asia The Mahabharata of Vyasa 70 RESONANCES: Kautilya and Ashoka 74 The Ramayana of Valmiki 75 RESONANCES: A Public Address and Daya Pawar et al. 77 PERSPECTIVES: What Is “Literature”? 78 The Ramayana of Valmiki 79 Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman. DAMR.6050.Vol.I-bkfm.i-xxvi:VOL.I 7/14/08 5:59 PM Page v Contents v Rajashekhara 80 Anandavardhana 81 Love in a Courtly Language 83 The Tamil Anthologies 84 The Seven Hundred Songs of Hala 85 The Hundred Poems of Amaru 87 Kalidasa 89 China: The Classical Tradition The Book of Songs 93 Confucius 95 PERSPECTIVES: Daoism and Its Ways 97 Dao De Jing 98 Zhuangzi 99 Liezi 100 Xi Kang 100 Liu Yiqing 100 Rome and the Roman Empire Virgil 105 Ovid 112 PERSPECTIVES: The Culture of Rome and the Beginnings of Christianity 116 Catullus 117 RESONANCES: Priapea 119 Horace 120 Petronius 122 Paul 124 Luke 126 Roman Reactions to Early Christianity 128 Augustine 129 Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman. DAMR.6050.Vol.I-bkfm.i-xxvi:VOL.I 7/14/08 5:59 PM Page vi vi Contents VOLUME B: The Medieval Era Medieval China Women in Early China 137 Liu Xiang 137 Ban Zhao 138 Yuan Cai 138 Voices of Women 138 Yuan Zhen 139 RESONANCE: Wang Shifu 140 Tao Qian 141 Han-shan 142 Poetry of the Tang Dynasty 143 Wang Wei 143 Li Bo 144 Du Fu 146 Bo Juyi 147 PERSPECTIVES: What Is Literature? 147 Cao Pi 148 Lu Ji 149 Liu Xie 149 Wang Changling 150 Sikong Tu 150 Japan Man’yosh– u– (Collection of Myriad Leaves) 153 Murasaki Shikibu 153 PERSPECTIVES: Courtly Women 157 Tales of the Heike 160 Noh: Drama of Ghosts, Memories, and Salvation 165 Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman. DAMR.6050.Vol.I-bkfm.i-xxvi:VOL.I 7/14/08 5:59 PM Page vii Contents vii Classical Arabic and Islamic Literatures Pre-Islamic Poetry 177 The Qur’an 178 RESONANCES: Ibn Ishaq and Ibn Sa‘ad 179 Hafiz 180 PERSPECTIVES: Poetry, Wine, and Love 181 The Thousand and One Nights 183 RESONANCE: Muhammad al-Tabari 184 Jalal al-Din Rumi 184 PERSPECTIVES: Asceticism, Sufism, and Wisdom 185 Firdawsi and The Epic of Son-Jara 187 Ibn Battuta 188 Medieval Europe Beowulf 191 The Poem of the Cid 197 PERSPECTIVES: Iberia, The Meeting of Three Worlds 201 Castilian Ballads and Traditional Songs 202 Mozarabic Kharjas 203 Ibn H. azm 203 Ibn Rushd (Averroës) 204 Ibn ‘Arabi 205 Solomon Ibn Gabirol and Yehuda Ha-Levi 206 Ramón Llull 208 Dom Dinis and Martin Codax 209 Marie de France 211 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight 214 Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman. DAMR.6050.Vol.I-bkfm.i-xxvi:VOL.I 7/14/08 5:59 PM Page viii viii Contents Peter Abelard and Heloïse 220 The Play of Adam 222 Dante Alighieri 224 Geoffrey Chaucer 237 VOLUME C: The Early Modern Period The Vernacular Revolution Vernacular Writing in South Asia 243 Basavanna 243 RESONANCE: Palkuriki Somanatha 245 Mahadeviyakka 245 Kabir 246 Tukaram 247 Kshetrayya 249 Wu Cheng’en 250 The Rise of the Vernacular in Europe 254 Early Modern Europe Giovanni Boccaccio 263 Marguerite de Navarre 266 Francis Petrarch 268 RESONANCE: Laura Cereta 271 RESONANCES: Petrarch and His Translators 272 PERSPECTIVES: Lyric Sequences and Self-Definition 273 Niccolò Machiavelli 276 RESONANCE: Baldesar Castiglione 279 François Rabelais 280 Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman. DAMR.6050.Vol.I-bkfm.i-xxvi:VOL.I 7/14/08 5:59 PM Page ix Contents ix Luís Vaz de Camões 284 Michel de Montaigne 287 Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra 290 Félix Lope de Vega y Carpio 294 William Shakespeare 297 RESONANCE: Aimé Césaire 300 John Donne 304 Anne Bradstreet 307 John Milton 309 Mesoamerica: Before Columbus and After Cortés Popol Vuh 316 Songs of the Aztec Nobility 318 PERSPECTIVES: The Conquest and Its Aftermath 320 Christopher Columbus 321 Bernal Díaz del Castillo 323 Hernando Ruiz de Alarcón 324 RESONANCE: Julio Cortázar 324 Bartolomé de Las Casas 325 Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 327 Index 331 Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman. DAMR.6050.Vol.I-bkfm.i-xxvi:VOL.I 7/14/08 5:59 PM Page x DAMR.6050.Vol.I-bkfm.i-xxvi:VOL.I 7/14/08 5:59 PM Page xi General Editors’ Preface The tremendous wealth of world literature available today is also a kind of embar- rassment of riches: How can we best present this great range of works in class? We’ve designed the second edition of The Longman Anthology of World Literature with this issue constantly in mind, giving teachable groupings and illuminating juxtapositions throughout the Anthology and framing compelling texts with introductions and notes that give the context needed for an informed and pleasurable reading. Yet finally it comes down to individual class sessions and the detailed discussion of particular works, and here is where this teaching companion comes in. In this book we suggest fruitful modes of approach, presenting ways to engage students, to foster understand- ing, and to stimulate lively discussion of all our major texts and groupings of works. We have set three ambitious goals for ourselves in creating this teaching com- panion. First, it has been written directly by the editors responsible for each sec- tion of the Anthology—the use of the Anthology in class isn’t some afterthought; it’s an integral part of our own work on the project. In seeking people to join us on the editorial board, we looked for coeditors who are dynamic and experienced teachers as well as deeply knowledgeable scholars and clear, lively writers. We’ve seen this teaching companion as the opportunity to share directly with you our best ideas on how to bring these texts alive in class. To this end, our second goal has been to discuss every major author or com- bination of authors in the Anthology, opening up possible lines of approach, indi- cating good connections that can be made, and sketching important trends in scholarly debate. Third, we’ve tried to be suggestive rather than prescriptive, and we hope to inform instructors who are new to some of this material while also in- triguing people interested in a fresh take on familiar works. This volume gives us a chance to expand on the reasons behind our choices and to indicate ways that we have found these materials to work best during many years of teaching them. Teaching with and across Groupings A distinctive feature of our Anthology is the grouping of works in Perspectives sec- tion, and as Resonances between texts. Together, these groupings are intended both to set works in cultural context and to link them across time and space. These groupings have a strategic pedagogical function as well.
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