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Urban Environment Development Based on Universal Design Principles

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Urban Environment Development Based on Universal Design Principles E3S Web of Conferences 31, 09010 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183109010 ICENIS 2017 Urban Environment Development based on Universal Design Principles Bangun IR Harsritanto1,* 1Architecture Department of Engineering Faculty, Diponegoro University, Semarang - Indonesia Abstract. Universal Design is a design which facilitated full range of human diversity. By applying Universal design principles, urban environment can be more functional and more user-friendly for everyone. This study examined five urban streets of South Korea as a country experienced on developing various urban street designs based on universal design. This study aimed to examine and compare the South Korea cases using seven principles of universal design. The research methods of this study are literature study, case study, and site observation. The results of this study are: South Korea cases are good practices, urgency of implementing the direction into local regulations; and change of urban development paradigm. 1 Introduction 2. Site observation was used to inspect South Korea urban streets with evaluation sheet which Urban streetscape which designed and developed in constructed before, and measured by interval scales detail with a special theme or purpose of urban of five points. development. However, not all people can access the 3. Case study was used to explain several phenomena specialized street easily because of their different ability happening on the site observation and later on can (as the elderly, children and people with special needs). be generalized into the bigger scope of research Universal design (also called inclusive design or area. accessible design) refers to facility designs that accommodate the widest range of potential users, including people with mobility and visual disabilities 3 Discussions and other special needs [11]. Universal design should be comprehensive from origin to destination for the greatest 3.1 Literature summary possible range of potential users. Universal design should consider all possible obstacles that may exist in Summarized from the 7 existing specialized street buildings, transportation terminals, sidewalks, paths, guidelines (see table 1), there were substantial issues that roads and vehicles. need to be fixed and completed by this dissertation South Korea is one of the countries that applied study, such as: universal design principles in public spaces and public 1. the previous studies were purposed only for tourism buildings. South Korea applied it to ease the access for street facilities [1];[2];[3] which resulted an the elderly and disabled. The condition was happened artificial disneyfication a of specialized street because the number of this last category in South Korea without concerning on daily activities [4]. This is steadily increasing due to congenital disabilities, aging artificial disneyfication of tourism oftenly force the and the increase of physical impairments from accidents. natural expression of the urban society to develop This study examined five urban streets of South Korea as their neighborhood. a country experienced on developing various urban street 2. the previous guidelines were oriented to design designs based on universal design. local district [5];[6] which resulted the unsustainable specialized street fabric from and to the site. This orientation of design built exclusive 2 Method area on the city. 3. the previous guidelines were a lack of universal This study was performed with three research methods, design appliance especially: [7]; [8] which promote such as: distinct disable people as a different kind of person. 1. Literatures study was compiled and analyzed several related literature to construct evaluation a sheet of this study. A process of how real world is becoming more like a theme park (eg: Disney world) ; standardisation; popular culture; superficial and globalization * Corresponding author: [email protected] © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). E3S Web of Conferences 31, 09010 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183109010 ICENIS 2017 The facilities were designed specifically for them who The observation objects were [12] : concerned on the referenced literature [9].The designer 1. Parking lots should learn about the barriers, difficulties and especially 2. Bus stop/subway gates the various needs of people and [10] reduce dependency 3. Linkage design to other people helps. 4. Street furnitures 5. Street utilities 6. Signages 3.2 Site observation scale and objects 7. Street materials Present condition analysis by universal design principles 8. Pedestrian spaces which derived from literature study and resumed as an evaluation sheet to compare with cases study and the site 4. Results survey result. The numerical results were generated from the interval scale criteria which consist of 5 scales The statistical result showed that there are two dominant valued from the worst is 1 and the best is 5. streets to be good examples which are Gwanghwamun From three major cities, five famous specialized and Insadong (see figure 1). The Banwoldang streets were chosen to be studied on this dissertation : Yangnyeonsi at Daegu has the worst result on 6 sections 1. Insadong and Gwanghwamun area in Seoul (the with scores 3.19 on bus stop/subway, 2.77 on street biggest city in South Korea) furniture, 2.79 on street utilities, 2.79 on signages, 2.57 2. Nampodong and Seomyeon area in Busan (second on pedestrian space, and 3.08 on linkage design. The 2nd biggest city) worst result is Seomyeon which score 3.13 in parking lot 3. Yangyeonsi, Banwoldang in Daegu (third biggest section and 3.11 in street material city Fig. 1. South Korea's Urban Street Section’s Statistical Analysis In highlight score of universal design application, design applications. More detail on the findings will be Gwanghwamun got all highest score, then followed by explained in next sub-chapter along with the universal Insadong, Nampo and Seomyeon. In the opposite Daegu, design related value. Yangnyeonsi street got all lowest score in universal Fig. 2. Universal Design Application Statistical Anaysis of South Korea’s Specialized Streets 2 2017 ICENIS ofConferences Web E3S Table 1. Literature Review Summary no item Inclusive Urban Isli ngton Design pri nci ples Abu Dhabi Urban Street Design city of Scottsdale Torbay Streetdesign this study Design Streetbook A for blind and Street Design G ui deline for Streetdesign guidelines borough-wi de partially sighted Manual Landcome guidelines streetscape manual people Purpose Creating environments Built an attractive, Accommodate the To design streets Built environment Establishing a Create attractive,pedestrian To build that maximize people’s safe and accessible differing needs and that create a safe providing routes for strong identity and environment we will create streetscape that 31 quality of life-based on streetscape by expectations of all environment for all vehicles and public distinctive visual pleasant spaces that can be used by , 09010(2018) dementia people setting out those who use the users, recognizing transport and character for encourage greater pedestrian all user preference research guidelines and street space varying levels of accommodate utility scottsdale road as a activity - with improved regardless sexes, specifications for especially for blind driver education services and “signature” safety and health benefits to ability and ages materials, street and partially sight and cultural drainage system corridor along its the community, and based on furniture and layout people differences entire length environmental benefits principle of design for the public through car use reduction universal design highway and footways 1 Method Interview Literature study Literature study Literature study Literature study Literature study Literature study Literature study 2 Literature study Community- Case study Participatory action Action plan research Participatory action Participatory action research Site survey participatory research research research 3 Case study Participatory action Study case research 3 Result Dementia and elderly Tourism streetbook Blind and partially Abudhabi design Australia’s Tourism streetbook Tourism streetbook Universal design friendly street blind sighted street guidelines by streetbook guideline based urban estidama’s principle streetbook Concern on dementia- Concern on local Concern on blind-dog Desert climate Concern on Concern on local Concern on local tourism Concern on Cons elderly tourism walker response residential area tourism urban streetscape Pros Dementia and elderly Promote tourism, Blind people dan dog Strong traffic Legibility force, Signage concern, Local conservation item, Resumed, add friendly, strong minimal material walker friendly management, design community- transit oriented sustainability urban identity memory/history aspect use estidama local based concept, content universal design https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183109010 based E3S Web of Conferences 31, 09010 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183109010 ICENIS 2017 with hierarchy on the material and facilities differences According to the evaluation, the first major problems [13]. The small block was injected in both specialized in the accessibilities were the facilities of the parking lot streets to give easy access, nevertheless the Insadong’s and street utilities.
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