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200 List of Parliamentary Families

BYSSHE

Origins: Family emerged in the 12th century. First MP 1426. Decline set in. In the the head of the family was a miller. His son revived the family fortunes as a lawyer and was elected an MP 1624. His son, the MP below, was also Garter King of Arms. Kt 1660.

1. Sir Edward Bysshe – Bletchingley 1640-53 Reigate 1654 Gatton 1659 Bletchingley 1661-79

Seat: Smallfield Place, (medieval, acq. 15th c., rebuilt c. 1600, add. 17th c., reduced to a farm house 18th c. and passed out of the family) Notes: Two in ODNB.

CADOGAN [Sloane, Stanley]

Earl Cadogan (1718-26 GB; 1800- UK)

Origins: Descended from Welsh farmers. A soldier of fortune went to 1633 as private secretary of the Lord Deputy. First {MP 1639} was seated at Liscarton, Meath. His son was a lawyer, and his grandson a successful general who was made an . A successful marriage in the 18th century brought the family its fortune in the form of 90 acres in Chelsea.

1. William Cadogan 1 – New Woodstock 1705-16 2. Charles Cadogan 2 Cadogan – Reading 1716-22 Newport (IoW) 1722-26 3. Charles Cadogan 1 Earl Cadogan – Cambridge 1749-54 1755-76 4. Henry Cadogan 4 Earl Cadogan – Reading 1841-47 Dover 1852-57 5. Frederick Cadogan – Cricklade 1868-74 6. George Cadogan 5 Earl Cadogan – Bath 1873-74 7. Henry Cadogan Chelsea – Bury St. Edmunds 1892-1900 8. Sir – Reading 1922-23 Finchley Div. Middlesex 1924-35 Bolton 1940-45

Seats: Hall, Suffolk (built 17th c., remod. 1790-96 and 1806-08, purch. 1889, add. later 19th c., sold 1934); Caversham Park, (old house, acq. 1714, rebuilt 1723, remod. 1761, sold later 18th c.); Downham Hall, Suffolk (purch. later 18th c., sold 1825, demolished 1923); Liscarton Castle, Meath (built 15-16th c., acq. 1653, sold 1719) Estates: Bateman under 2000 acres. However, the owned one of the largest and most valuable urban estates in . Rubinstein – Sarah D’Oyly left £100,000 in probate 1821 along with the Sloane estate of her maternal grandfather to Lord Cadogan. Rubinstein – 2 Earl left £100,000 in probate in 1832. Urban income estimated List of Parliamentary Families 201

at £180,122 pa in 1890s. Total wealth £450,000,000 in 1990. Owned 6,300 acres in 2001. Worth 2 billion pounds 2009. Titles: Baron Cadogan 1716- GB; Viscount Caversham 1718-26 GB; Viscount Chelsea 1800- UK; Baron Oakley 1831- UK Peers: 8 peers 1716-1807 1831-1933 1935-45 1 in Cabinet 1886-92 1895-1902 1 KG 19th-20 th 1 KT 18th Notes: Acquired 57,000 acres in Ireland in the mid-17th c. The Culford estate had 11,000 acres attached to it when purch. in 1889 (Pearman, The Cadogan Estate, 34, 95). Seven in ODNB.

Sloane-Stanley

Origins: The Sloane family originated probably in , and moved to Ireland in the 17th century as planters. The founder became agent to Viscount Clandeboye and a Receiver of Taxes. His son was a successful and {MP 1692}. A younger son Hans was a physician, President of the Royal Society, and . The latter purchased the manor of Chelsea in London 1712. Sir divided his between two granddaughters. One married Lord Cadogan (see above) and the other a Stanley of Paultons who took the additional name Sloane. The Stanleys began as merchants in Chichester and Southampton in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. The first MP was a shipowner, pawnbroker, and merchant in the Newfoundland trade. Purchased Paultons in 1646.

1. William Stanley – Southampton 1660 2. James Sloane – {Killyleagh 1692-93 1695-99} Thetford 1696-1700 3. Hans Stanley – St. Albans 1743-47 Southampton 1754-80 4. Hans Sloane-Stanley – Newport (IoW) 1768-180 Southampton 1780-84 Christchurch 1788-96 1796-1806 5. William Sloane-Stanley – Orford 1807-12 Stockbridge 1830-31

Seat: Paultons, (purch. 1646, passed to Sloanes 1780, sold 1944?, fire 1963) Estates: Bateman 8730 (E) 6270 Title: Baronet 1716-53 Notes: Hans Sloane and Hans Stanley in ODNB.

CAESAR

Origins: Came from Italy to , naturalized 1558, a physician to Mary I and . His son was and Kt 1603. First MP 1589. Four further MPs in the early 17th century. 202 List of Parliamentary Families

1. Sir Henry Caesar – 1660-68 2. Sir Charles Caesar – Hertford 1679 Hertfordshire 1679-81 1689-90 3. Charles Caesar – Hertford 1701-08 1710-15 1722-23 Hertfordshire 1727-34 1736-41

Seat: Bennington (Benington) Place, Hertfordshire (purch. 1616, sold 1744) Notes: Estates worth £3,500 pa in 1701, but the family was heavily in debt by 1744, and the estates were sold. Eight in ODNB.

CALCRAFT

Origins: Father of the first MP a lawyer and town clerk of Grantham. The first MP made a fortune as an official, sinecure holder, and election agent.

1. Thomas Calcraft – Poole 1761-74 2. John Calcraft – Calne 1766-68 Rochester 1768-72 3. John Calcraft – Wareham 1786-90 1800-06 Rochester 1806-18 Wareham 1818-31 Dorset 1831 4. Sir Granby Calcraft – Wareham 1807-08 5. John Calcraft – Wareham 1820-26 1832-41 1857-59 6. Granby Calcraft – Wareham 1831-32 7. John Calcraft – Wareham 1865-68

Seats: Rempstone Hall, Dorset (medieval, add. 17th c., purch. 1757, passed to descendents in the female line 1901, still own); Ingress Abbey, Kent (purch. 1760, sold 1796) Estates: Bateman 4854 (E) 6410. Estates said to be worth over £10,000 pa in 1772. Notes: They made a forune from clay-mining on their estate. Male line extinct 1901. Three in ODNB.

CALMADY

Origins: Landed in since the 14th century. They took the name of Calmady from the village where they originally settled. Lawyers and local officials in the Tudor period. First MP 1554. Kt 1630s.

1. Josias Calmady – Okehampton 1660 2. Josias Calmady – Okehampton 1679-81 3. Shilston Calmady – 1715-22

Seat: Langdon Court, Devon, (medieval, purch. 1555, rebuilt 1577, sold 1876) List of Parliamentary Families 203

CAMPBELL I [Garden, Hume, Mure (Muir)] , , & ENGLAND

Duke of Argyll (1701- S and 1892- UK)

Origins: Sir Colin Campbell was knighted in 1280. His son married the sister of Robert Bruce. Prominent from the early 14th century. 1445. The Campbells became among the most powerful clans in Scotland of which the Dukes of Argyll were and remain Chiefs.

1. James Campbell – [Renfrew 1700-02] Burghs 1708-10 2. Charles Campbell – [Campbelltown Burgh 1700-07] 3. John Campbell – [Argyllshire 1700-02 1703-07] Scotland 1707-08 Dumbartonshire 1708-22 1725-27 4. John Campbell 4 – Buteshire 1713-15 Elgin Burghs 1715-22 1725-27 Dumbartonshire 1727-61 5. William Campbell – Burghs 1734-41 6. Charles Campbell – Argyllshire 1736-41 7. John Campbell 5 Duke of Argyll – Glasgow Burghs 1744-61 Dover 1765-66 8. Lord Frederick Campbell – Glasgow Burghs 1761-80 Argyllshire 1780-99 {Thomastown 1767-68 St. Canice 1768-76} 9. Lord William Campbell – Argyllshire 1764-66 10. George Campbell 6 Duke of Argyll – St. Germans 1790-96 11. John Campbell – Ayr Burghs 1794-1807 12. John Campbell 7 Duke of Argyll – Argyllshire 1799-1822 13. John Campbell 9 Duke of Argyll – Argyllshire 1868-78 S. Manchester 1895-1900 14. Lord Colin Campbell – Argyllshire 1878-85

Seats: Castle, Argyllshire (held since 1434, medieval, rebuilt 1745-61, remod. 1770-72, fire 1877, remod. 1877-78, still own); Roseneath House (Castle), Dumbartonshire (acq. 1470, remod. 1630, remod. 1784, old house burned 1802, rebuilt 1803-06, contents sold 1940, gutted 1947, demolished 1961); Kilkatrine, Argyllshire; Coombe Bank, Kent (purch. and built 1720, sold c. 1816, now school); Lyston Hall, Essex (purch. 1727 by William Campbell, built c. 1730, owners became Campbell-Lamberts, demolished 1951); Whim House (Hall), (acq. 1730, built 1734, add. 1759-61, sold 1763, institutional use); Brunstane House (Gilberton), Edinburghshire (built 1565, remod. c. 1639, add. 1672, inher. by mar. early 18th c., remod. 1744, sold 1747); Sudbrook Park, Surrey (purch. 1715, built 1715-19, sold 1767, golf club) Estates: Bateman 175114 (S) 50842. Worth £87,000,000 in 1990 with 81,000 acres. Titles: Baron Campbell 1445- S; Earl of Argyll 1457- S; Baron Lorne 1470- S; Baron 1626- S; Marquis of Argyll 1641-61 S; Earl of Greenwich 1705-43 E; Earl of Ilay 1706-61 S; Duke of Greenwich 1719-43 GB; Baron Sandridge 1766- GB; Baron Hamilton 1776- GB; Baronet 1627- 204 List of Parliamentary Families

Peers: [3 peers 1664-81 1689-1707] 2 Scottish Rep peers 1707-13 1715-70 7 peers 1705-43 1766-1945 7 Lds Lt 18th, 19th, 20th 2 in Cabinet 1767-68 1853-66 1868-74 1880-81 3 KG 18th, 19th, 20th 4 KT 18th, 19th, 20th Notes: The Campbell family has its own entry in the ODNB. Additionally, the 1st through 9th Earls, 1, 2, 3, 8, and 9 Dukes and six others in ODNB.

Campbell

Origins: Descend from the Breadalbane family (see below) early 17th century.

1. Robert Campbell – Argyllshire 1766-71 2. Alexander Campbell – Anstruther Easter Burghs 1797-1806 Burghs 1807-1818

Seats: Monzie Castle, (built 1634, add. c. 1795-1800, fire 1817, sold 1869); Fonab Castle, Perthshire (resident 17th and 18th c.); Inverawe House, Argyllshire (acq. and built c. 1550s, add. 18th c., remod. 1850-52, sold 1912) Notes: One in ODNB.

Campbell

Origins: Descended from the 1 Baron Campbell. First [MP 1628 for Argyllshire]. Another [MP for the county 1628-44].

1. Sir Duncan Campbell 4 Bt – [Argyllshire 1689-98] 2. Sir James Campbell 5 Bt – [Argyllshire 1703-07] Scotland 1707-08

Seats: Auchinbreck, Argyllshire (acq. 1452, fire 1641); (built 1565-72, purch. 1643, add. 1681, destroyed 1685, sold 19th c.) Title: Baronet 1628-

Earl of Cawdor (1827- UK)

Origins: Founded by the third son of the 2 Earl of Argyll. First [MP 1572]. Two further [MPs 1599-1630, one for Nairnshire]. Succeeded in 1698 to Pembrokeshire estates by marriage to a Lort heiress. The Lorts purchased Stackpole Court in 1611. MP for Pembroke Borough 1659. 1662-98.

1. Sir Hew Campbell – [Nairnshire 1661-63 1669-74 1678 1681 1685-86 1689] 2. Alexander Campbell – [Nairnshire 1693-95] List of Parliamentary Families 205

3. John Campbell – Pembrokeshire 1727-47 Nairnshire 1747-54 Inverness Burghs 1754-61 Corfe Castle 1762-68 4. Pryse Campbell – Inverness-shire 1754-61 Nairnshire 1761-68 Cardigan Boroughs 1780-96 5. Alexander Campbell – Nairnshire 1784-85 6. Henry Campbell – Nairnshire 1796-1802 1806-07 7. Sir George Campbell – Carmarthen Boroughs 1806-13 8. John Campbell 1 Earl of Cawdor – Carmarthen Boroughs 1813-21 9. George Pryse Campbell – Nairnshire 1820-26 1830-31 10. John Campbell 2 Earl of Cawdor – Pembrokeshire 1841-60 11. Frederick Campbell 3 Earl of Cawdor – Carmarthenshire 1874-85

Seats: , Nairnshire (established there by 1295, medieval castle, add. 1663-85, still own); Stackpole Court, Pembrokeshire (medieval building, purch. by Lorts 1611, passed to Campbells by mar. 1698, rebuilt 18th c., enlarged 1821, demolished 1962 and Welsh estates sold); Golden Grove, Carmarthenshire (inherited from John Vaughan MP c. 1700, no relation, see Vaughan Earls of Carbery, sold mid-1980s) Estates: Bateman 101657 (W & S) 44662. Worth £60,000,000 in 1990 with 56,000 acres (sold 36,000 acres in Wales in 1976, 21,000 acres in 1980s). Titles: Baron Cawdor 1796- GB; Viscount Emlyn 1827- UK Peers: 6 peers 1796-1914 1921-45 3 Lds Lt 19th, 20th 1 in Cabinet 1905 Notes: The Campbells of Cawdor family have their own entry in ODNB. Additionally two others in ODNB.

Campbell

Origins: Descended from the second son of the 3 Earl of Argyll.

1. Sir Duncan Campbell – Argyllshire 1747-54 2. Dugald Campbell – Argyllshire 1754-63 3. Duncan Campbell – Ayr Burghs 1809-18

Seats; Lochnell, Argyllshire (built late 17th c, add. 1737-39 and 1816-28, sold 1912); Ballimore House, Argyllshire (rebuilt c. 1832, remod. 1898-99, sold 1899, ruin) Estates: Bateman 35000 (S) 6801. Junior lines in Bateman at Stonefield Castle, Argyllshire (acq. 18th c., new house 1836-40, sold 1949); Barbreck House, Argyllshire (acq. by Campbells 15th c., forfeited 1732 and acquired by another branch later 18th c., built 1790, add. 19th c., sold 19th c.), and Jura, Argyllshire (acq. 1506, sold 20th c., Jura house sold 1938) total 100555 (S) 11188 Notes: Barbreck line in financial difficulties mid-19th c. 206 List of Parliamentary Families

Marquis of Breadalbane (1806-62 UK; 1885-1922 UK)

Origins: Descended from a younger son of the 1 Baron Campbell. Acquired considerable wealth by diverting government funds for personal purposes in the 17th and 18th centuries. First [MP 1560] Two other [MPs 1592-1647 for Argyllshire].

1. John Campbell 1 Earl of Breadalbane – [Argyllshire 1661-63 1669-74] 2. Alexander Campbell – [Argyllshire 1678] 3. John Campbell 3 Earl of Breadalbane – Saltash 1727-41 Orford 1741-45 4. John Campbell 2 Marquis of Breadalbane – Okehampton 1820-26 Perthshire 1832-34

Seats: (Balloch Castle), Perthshire (built 1559, rebuilt c. 1742, rebuilt 1806-10 add. 1818-21, remod. 1842, sold 1920, hotel); Glenorchy (), Argyllshire (acq. 1432, built c. 1450, add. 16th and 17th c., remod. c. 1690-98, abandoned c. 1760, ruin); Ardmaddy Castle, Argyllshire (built 15th c., purch. 1692, restored 1737, add. 1790 and 1837, remod. 1862, sold 1933, part demolished 1979); Langton House, (medieval, purch. c. 1860, rebuilt 1860-62, family departed 1920, unroofed 1930, demolished c. 1950) Estates: Bateman 438358 (S) 58292. Rubinstein – the 1 Marquis left £300,000 in probate in 1834. Titles: Earl of Breadalbane 1677- S; Baronet 1625- Peers: [1 peer 1677-1707] 4 Scottish Rep peers 1713-15 1736-47 1752-68 1774-80 1784-1806 3 peers 1806-62 1873-1922 3 Lds Lt 18th, 19th, 20th 1 KG 19th-20 th 1 KT 19th Notes: The family has an entry in ODNB plus one other. The 1 and 3 Earls and the 2 Marquis and four others also in ODNB.

Campbell

Origins: Cadet of the Earls of Breadalbane.

1. John Campbell - [Argyllshire 1644 1661-63] 2. Alexander Campbell – 1819-20

Seats: Barcaldine Castle (House), Argyllshire (built 1601-09, castle abandoned 1724, new house c. 1724, add. 1733, rebuilt c. 1759, remod. 1830s, sold 1842, repurch. 1896, restored 1910, sold, now hotel); Ardchattan(e) Priory, Argyllshire (built c. 1230, add. late 15th-early 16th c., acq. 1580, converted to a house c. 1602, remod. mid-19th c.) Estates: Bateman 20000 (S) 2078 List of Parliamentary Families 207

Title: Baronet 1831- Notes: Due to financial difficulties 30,000 acres were sold 1842 (Forman, Scottish Country Houses and Castles, 142).

Baron Colgrain (1946- UK; Life Peerage 1966-94)

Origins: Cadet of the Campbells of Ardchattan(e). West merchants and shipowners in Glasgow 18th and 19th centuries. Manchester merchants mid-19th century.

1. Alexander Campbell – Launceston 1865-68

Seats: Possil, (built c. 1700, acq. 1808, later sold c. 1849); Werrington Park, (built 1730s, purch. 1864, sold 1868); Camis Eskan, Dumbartonshire (built 1648, purch. 1836, remod. 1915, sold 1946) Estates: Bateman 2124 (S) 2429. The family owned cane fields in British Guiana worth over one million pounds in the 1930s.

Garden

Origins: The Gardens were an old family that came to office in the 16th century. Fortunes revived c. 1650s by a soldier of fortune who fought in Sweden. The Gardens succeeded by marriage in the 18th century to the estates of the Campbells of Glenlyon, a cadet line of Sir Colin Campbell of Glenorchy (see Breadalbane), and took the name Campbell.

1. Alexander Garden – 1768-85

Seats: Troup House, Banffshire (purch. 1654, rebuilt 1763, rebuilt 1897, now a school); Glenlyon, Perthshire (acq. by mar. 18th c., sold 1885) Estates: Bateman 20063 (S) 7414

Campbell

Origins: Cadet of Sir Colin Campbell of Glenorchy in the 16th century (see Breadablane).

1. Sir Colin Campbell 1 Bt – [Inverary Burgh 1669-74 Perthshire 1690-1702]

Seats: Kilbryde Castle, Perthshire (built c. 1460, rebuilt 17th c., acq. 1643/59, add. 1861, still own); Aberuchil(l) Castle, Perthshire (acq. 1596, built 1602, sold 1642) Title: Baronet 1668- 208 List of Parliamentary Families

Baron Blythswood (1892-1940 UK)

Origins: A cadet of the Ardkinglas line (see below). Merchants and Provosts of Glasgow in the 17th century. Blythswood followed a tangled genealogical course in the 18th and 19th centuries. Mary Campbell heiress to Blythswood, married Colin Douglas of Mains (cadet of the Earls of Morton, see that family) who took the name Campbell. On the extinction of the main line Blythswood passed in 1767 to Douglas cousins. The 17th Douglas laird of Mains succeeded a cousin as 12th laird of Blythswood in 1838. His son was created Baron Blythswood. His second son succeeded to Douglas Support as heir in entail of Margaret Duchess of Douglas, sister of the Blythswood heir.

1. Colin Campbell – [Renfrew Burgh 1703-07] 2. Archibald Campbell – Glasgow Burghs 1806-09 Elgin Burghs 1812 Perth Burghs 1818-20 Glasgow Burghs 1820-31 3. Archibald Campbell 1 Baron Blythswood – Renfrewshire 1873-74 W. Renfrewshire 1885-92

Seats: Blythswood House, Renfrewshire (purch. 1634, built 1820-21, demolished 1935); Douglas Support (orig. Rosehall, renamed Douglas Support later 18th c.), Lanarkshire (built 17th and 18th c., add. 19th c., demolished 20th c.) Estates: Bateman 15886 (S) 6455. This income does not reflect the great value of the urban property in Glasgow over which the city expanded in the 19th century that the family owned. Title: Baronet 1880-1908 Peer: 1 peer 1892-1940 1 Ld Lt 20th Notes: 1 Baron in ODNB.

Campbell of Carrick

Origins: Cadet of the Dukes of Argyll. The head of the family bore the honorific “ of Carrick”. First [MP 1639].

1. John Campbell Captain of Carrick – [Argyllshire 1669-74 1678 1681 1689-1702]

Seat: Carrick Castle, Argyllshire (built late 14th c., add. 16th c and early 17th c., burned 1685, ruin)

Campbell

Origins: Cadet of Colin Campbell of Lochow. First [MP 1650]. List of Parliamentary Families 209

1. John Campbell – [Argyllshire 1681] 2. Sir Ilay Campbell 1 Bt – Glasgow Burghs 1784-89 3. John Campbell – Dumbartonshire 1826-30 4. Sir Archibald Campbell 3 Bt – Argyllshire 1851-57

Seats: Garscube House, Dumbartonshire (built 17th c., acq. 1687, new house 1827, sold 1948, demolished 1955); Succoth, Dumbartonshire (purch. 1616, moved to Garscube 1687) Estates: Bateman 10601 (S) 17916. Owned 12,200 acres in 1996. Title: Baronet 1808- Notes: A famous legal family in the 18th and 19th centuries in the Court of Session. One in ODNB.

Earl of Loudon (1633- S)

Origins: A cadet of Sir Colin Campbell of Lochow (13th century). First [MP 1571]. Another [MP 1579-99]. Succeeded to the Mure (Muir) of Rowallan estates by marriage. The Muirs were soldiers by 1263. One fell at Flodden in 1513 and another at Pinkie. First [MP 1560], and another for [Ayrshire 1643-44]. William Muir [MP 1690-98] was the 16th and last laird. For a time the Earldom was merged with the Marquessate of Hastings (see Rawdon-Hastings).

1. William Muir – [Ayrshire 1690-98] 2. John Campbell – [Ayrshire 1700-02] 3. James Campbell – Ayrshire 1727-41 4. James Mure-Campbell 5 Earl of Loudon – Ayrshire 1754-61

Seats: Loudoun (Loudon) Castle, Ayrshire (medieval, add. 1601, rebuilt 1804-11, fire 1941, ruin, still own); , Ayrshire (acq. by Muirs 1263, rebuilt c. 1560, add. mid. 17th c., acq. by mar. by Campbells 1698, passed by mar. to Cunninghams in 19th c.); Lawers House, Perthshire (built 1724-26 and 1737-44, sold later 18th c.) Estates: Bateman 18638 (S) 17545. Owned 4,400 acres in 1996. Title: Baron Loudon 1601- S Peers: [1 peer 1696-1707] 2 Scottish Rep peers 1707-31 1734-82 1 Ldt Lt 18th 1 in the Cabinet Council 1705-08 1 KT 18th Notes: 1, 3, 4 Earls and one other in ODNB. 210 List of Parliamentary Families

Campbell

Origins: Ardkinglas was granted by Sir Colin Campbell to his son Caileeen Oig in 1396. First [MP for Argyllshire 1646-49].

1. Sir Colin Campbell 1 Bt – [Argyllshire 1693-1702] 2. Sir James Campbell 2 Bt – [Argyllshire 1703-07] Scotland 1707-08 Argyllshire 1708-34 1734-41

Seats: Ardkinglas, Argyllshire (acq. and built 1396, passed to Livingstones of Glentirran (see) 1752, who took the additional name Campbell); Gargunnock House, Stirlingshire (built 1580, add. 17th c., remod. 1794, sold 1835) Title: Baronet 1679-1752 Notes: The laird was attainted in 1662, but the Duke of Argyll secured restoration for the 10th laird, 1 Baronet. The male line failed with the 11th laird, and the estates were broken up among a number of heirs. A cadet line (of Dunoon) succeeded to English estates in 1843 (see Wyndham).

Campbell

Origins: Distant kinsmen of the Dukes of Argyll, with whom they became close again in the early 18th century as bankers and great Atlantic trade merchants in Glasgow. (Hayton, The House of Commons, III, 444)

1. Daniel Campbell – [Inverary 1703-07] Scotland 1707-08 Glasgow Burghs 1716-27 1728-34 2. John Campbell – 1721-34 3. Daniel Campbell – Lanarkshire 1760-68 4. John Campbell – Ayr Burghs 1807-09 5. Walter Campbell – Argyllshire 1822-32 1835-41

Seats: Shawfield, Lanarkshire (purch. 1706, sold c. 1800); Skipness Castle, Argyllshire (built 13th c., acq. 1502, add. 16th c., abandoned end of 17th c., much demolished 18th c.); Ardentinny, Argyllshire; Islay House, Argyllshire (built 1677, purch. 1726, add. c. 1731, add. c. 1760, add. 1841-45, sold 1852); Woodhall House, Lanarkshire (built 1711-27, burned early 20th c., demolished 1924) Notes: Campbells bankrupt 1848.

Campbell

Origins: Cadet of the Dukes of Argyll. List of Parliamentary Families 211

1. Sir Archibald Campbell – Stirling Burghs 1774-80 1789-91 2. Sir James Campbell – Stirling Burghs 1780-89

Seats: Tuerechan, Argyllshire (acq. 17th c.); Inverneil House, Argyllshire (estate acq. 1480, built 18th-19 th c., add. c. 1890, sold 1955) Estates: Bateman 11810 (S) 2977 Title: Baronet 1818-19 Notes: The heads of the family are Hereditary Ushers of the White Rod for Scotland. Two in ODNB.

CAMPBELL II SCOTLAND

Baron Stratheden and Campbell (1836- and 1859- UK)

Origins: Claimed medieval descent from the Campbell’s Argyll - dubious. Clergymen in 18th century. The first MP and Baron was a lawyer and .

1. John Campbell 1 – Stafford 1830-32 Dudley 1832-34 Edinburgh 1834-41 2. William Campbell 2 Baron Stratheden – Cambridge 1847-52 Harwich 1859-60 3. Sir George Campbell – Kirkcaldy 1875-92

Seat: Hartrigge House, (built 1854, add. 1938, demolished) Estates: 1 Baron left £100,000 in 1861. Peers: 4 peers 1841-1918 1920-45 1 in Cabinet 1846-50 1859-61 Notes: Two in ODNB.

CAMPION

Origins: A lawyer purchased monastic property under Elizabeth I. Also London merchants and clothiers and continued as merchants into the 18th-19 th centuries. First MP 1586. One other MP 1621-48.

1. William Campion – Seaford 1689-98 Kent 1701-02 2. Henry Campion – East Grinstead 1708-10 Bossiney 1710-13 Sussex 1713-15 3. William Campion – Lewes Div. Sussex 1910-24

Seat: Danny (Park), Sussex (medieval house, rebuilt 1595, passed to Campions from Courthorpes by mar. 1725, remod. c. 1725-28, sold 1955, flats) Estates: Bateman 6832 (E) 7891. Rubinstein - William Campion left £140,000 in probate 1818 and Henry Campion left £140,000 in 1836. 212 List of Parliamentary Families

CANNING IRELAND & ENGLAND

Earl Canning (1859-62 UK)

Origins: Mechants and mayors of Bristol in the 14th and 15th centuries. First MP for Bristol 1383. Two further MPs 1439-61, including a grocer in London. Kt and Lord Mayor of London 1456. A younger son went to Ireland under Elizabeth I and acquired Garvagh. A barrister in the later 18th century, who was disinherited, produced a son who became Prime Minister (and thence the earldom). Various branches combined here.

1. – Newton (IoW) 1793-96 Wendover 1796-1802 Tralee 1802-06 Newton 1806-07 Hastings 1807-12 Liverpool 1812-22 Harwich 1823-26 Newton 1826-27 Seaford 1827 2. George Canning 1 Baron Garvagh – Sligo 1806-12 1812-20 3. Stratford Canning 1 Viscount Stratford – Old Sarum 1828-30 4. C. J. Canning 1 Earl Canning – 1836-37

Seats: Garvagh House, Londonderry (acq. later 16th century, built early 17th c., add. 18th c., sold and demolished 20th c.); Frant Court, Kent (acq. and built 1858, remod. c. 1870, sold late 19th c.); Foxcote, (acq. by mar. 15th c., built early 18th c., add. late 18th c., passed by mar. to Howards 1843) Estates: Bateman 15406 (I) 8725 Titles: Baron Garvagh 1818- I; Viscount Canning 1826-62 UK; Viscount Stratford de Redcliffe 1852-80 UK Peers: 2 peers 1837-62 1852-80 1 Ld Lt 19th 2 in cabinet 1807-09 1816-27 1855 2 KG 19th Notes: Resident in England post WWI. The branch of the Cannings at Foxcote were Roman Catholic. 3 in ODNB.

CAPEL (Capell) [Coningsby]

Earl of Essex (1661- E)

Origins: Gentry in the 12th century. Merchants and drapers in London and Lord Mayor of London and Kt 1503. Purchased estates in Essex and Hertfordshire where three generations became High Sheriffs. First MP 1491. Seven further MPs 1547-1626, including kts of the shire for Essex, Somerset, and Hertfordshire. The 1 Baron Capel inherited by marriage with a Morrison heiress. The first Morrison acquired wealth as an official and diplomat under Henry VIII. Three MPs 1539-1628. Baronet 1611-28. List of Parliamentary Families 213

1. Henry Capel 1 Baron Tewkesbury – Tewkesbury 1660-81 2. George Capel-Coningsby 5 – Westminster 1779-80 Lostwithiel 1781-84 Okehampton 1785-90 Radnor Boroughs 1794-99

Seats: (House), Hertfordshire (Morrisons acq. 1545, built 1540s-50s, acq. by Capels 1632 by mar., add. 1674-75, rebuilt c. 1800, sold 1922, demolished c. 1927); Hampton Court, Herefordshire (built 1435, inher. by mar. 1781, sold 1810) Estates: Bateman 14870 (E & I) 18936. Worth c. £7,000 pa in 1649. Rubinstein - 5 Earl left £120,000 in probate in 1839. Titles: Baron Capel of Hadam and Viscount Maldon 1641- E; Baron Capel of Tewkesbury 1692-96 E Peers: 9 peers 1660-83 1691-1710 1692-96 1718-43 1753-1945 5 Lds Lt 17th, 18th, 19th 2 in Cabinet Council 1672-77 1679 1679-81 1693-96 1 KG 18th 1 KT 18th Notes: 3 in ODNB.

Earl Coningsby (1719-61 GB)

Origins: Landowners since the reign of Edward I. A Lord Chief Justice (d. 1535) purchased lands at the Dissolution. Developed a local weaving industry in the mid- 16th century. First MP 1344 for Warwickshire. Nine further MPs 1536-1641, some kts of the shire. The Coningsby estates passed by marriage to the 5 Earl of Essex in 1781.

1. Thomas Coningsby 1 Earl Coningsby – Leominster 1679-81 1685-87 1689-1710 1715-16

Seat: Hampton Court, Herefordshire (built 1435, purch. 1509, remod. c. 1680 and 1706- 10, passed by mar. to the Earl of Essex 1781, see above) Estates: Worth £4000 pa in c. 1660. Peers: {1 peer 1692-1729} 1 peer 1716-29 1 Ld Lt 18th 1 in Cabinet Council 1690-92 Notes: Six in ODNB. 214 List of Parliamentary Families

CAREW I [Pole]

Carew

Origins: Originally Welsh and dated from a very early period. Justiciar of Ireland in the 14th century. Knighted at Bosworth and rose high under the Tudors. First MP 1529. Fourteen further MPs 1542-1643 including five kts of the shire. Baron 1605.

1. Thomas Carew – 1659 Mitchell 1660 1681 2. Sr John Carew 3 Bt – Cornwall 1660 1661-79 Lostwithiel 1679-81 Cornwall 1689-90 Saltash 1690-92 3. Richard Carew – Callington 1679-81 Saltash 1690-91 4. Thomas Carew – Saltash 1701-05 5. Sir William Carew 5 Bt – Saltash 1711-13 Cornwall 1713-44 6. Sir Coventry Carew 6 Bt – Cornwall 1744-48 7. Reginald Pole-Carew – Penryn 1782-84 Reigate 1787-90 Lostwithiel 1790-96 Fowey 1796-99 1802-12 Lostwithiel 1812-16 8. William Pole-Carew – E. Cornwall 1845-52 9. Sir Reginald Pole-Carew – Bodmin Div. Cornwall 1910-16

Seat: Antony House, Cornwall (acq. by mar. late 15th c., rebuilt 1711-24, passed to Poles by mar. 1772, add. 1905, NT 1962) Estates: Bateman 4288 (E) 6401 Titles: 1605-29 E; Earl of Totnes 1626-29 E; Baronet 1641-1748 Notes: For a cadet line see Throckmorton. Fifteen in ODNB.

Pole

Origins: The family held land in Devon from the 14th century. First MP 1545. Three additional MPs 1586-1646. On the death of Sir Coventry Carew 6 Bt in 1772 Antony passed to Reginald Pole, great-great-grandson on the maternal side of Sir John Carew 3 Bt. He took the name Pole-Carew. In 1926 the Poles of Shute became extinct and their estates passed to the Pole-Carews of Antony.

1. Sir Courteny Pole 2 Bt – Honiton 1661-79 2. Sir John Pole 3 Bt – Lyme Regis 1685-87 1689-90 Bossiney 1698-1700 Devon 1701-02 East 1702-05 Newport 1707-08 3. Sir William Pole 4 Bt – Newport 1701-02 1704-08 Newport 1708-10 Devon 1710-12 Bossiney 1713-15 Honiton 1716-27 1731-34 4. Sir John Pole 6 Bt – West Looe 1790-96 5. Sir Charles Pole 1 Bt – Newark 1802-06 Plymouth 1806-18 List of Parliamentary Families 215

Seats: Shute (Barton), Devon (built c. 1380, add. late 15th c., leased from 1560 by Poles, add. 1560s, purch. 1780, new house built 1787, passed to Carews 1926, NT 1955); Aldenham Abbey, Hertfordshire (purch. 1812, passed by marriage to William Stuart – Bute) Estates: Bateman 5846 (E) 7786 Titles: Baronet 1628-1926; 1801-30 Notes: The Poles had Irish estates (Ballyfin) left to a cousin, William Wellesley (Pole) in 1781. See Wellelsey. Two in ODNB.

Carew

Origins: A cadet line 14th century.

1. Sir Thomas Carew 1 Bt – Tiverton 1661-73 2. Charles Carew – N. E. Div. Devon 1915-22

Seats: Haccombe House, Devon (acq. by mar. by 15th c., old house, rebuilt 18th c., held into 20th c.); Bickleigh Castle, Devon (medieval, acq. early 16th c., slighted 1640s, part rebuilt c. 1660, sold 1923); , Devon (medieval castle, remod. 17th c., acq. by mar. 1728, sold 1922); Marley House, Devon (built 18th c., acq. by ma. 1806, remod. 19th c., sold c. 1920s) Estates: Bateman 10889 (E) 15148 Title: Baronet 1661-

Carew

Origins: A cadet of the Carews of Antony. It is claimed that Crowcombe has never been bought or sold since the Conquest. The de Crowcombes lasted until Edward III. Their heiress married a Bickham, who carried it to a Carew of Camerton in the mid-16th century. (Country Life, 73, p. 414)

1. Thomas Carew – Minehead 1739-47

Seat: Crowcombe Court, Somerset (acq. mid-16th c., rebuilt 1723-39, passed to Myddeltons 1886, fire 1963, restored) Estates: Bateman 6991 (E & W) 7758 Notes: The last male Carew died in 1886, when the estates passed by marriage to a younger son of the 1 Lord Kesteven (see Myddelton). 216 List of Parliamentary Families

CAREW II IRELAND

Baron Carew (1834- I and 1838- UK)

Origins: Claimed descent from the Carew I family. Obtained estates in Wexford 1668. Waterford merchants in the 17th and 18th century. Sheriff 1686.

1. Robert Carew – {Dungarvon 1713-21} 2. Robert Carew – {Waterford 1739-40} 3. Shapland Carew – {Waterford 1748-76} 4. Robert Carew – {Waterford 1776-1800} County Wexford 1806-07 5. Robert Carew 1 Baron Carew – County Wexford 1812-30 1831-34 6. Robert Carew 2 Baron Carew – County Waterford 1840-47

Seats: Castle Boro (Castleborough), Wexford (acq. 1668, new house 1787, burned 1840, new house 1848 cost £84,000, contents sold 1919, burned 1923, ruin); Woodstown, Waterford (older house, acq. 19th c., add. 1823, sold 1905) Estates: Bateman 20966 (I) 11862. Worth £6,000 pa in c. 1800. Owned 700 acres in 2001. Peers: 6 peers 1838-1945 2 Lds Lt 19th 2 KP 19th

Carew

Origins: Descended in the 18th century from a younger son of Robert Carew, ancestor of the Barons Carew.

1. Thomas Carew – {Dungarvon 1761-68} 2. Robert Carew – {Dungarvon 1768-76}

Seat: Ballinamona Park, Waterford (built 1488, acq. and rebuilt mid-18th c., add. 1866, fire and rebuilt 1894, still resident 1950s) Estates: 2315 (I) 1578 in 1878. Worth £1,000 pa c. 1790.

CARLETON I IRELAND & ENGLAND

Baron Dorchester (1786-1897 GB 1899-1963 UK)

Origins: In Ireland in the late 17th century. 1 Baron rose by ability to be a general and Governor in Canada 1766.

No MPs List of Parliamentary Families 217

Seat: Greywell Hill House, Hampshire (built 17th c., purch. 1787, rebuilt c. 1824, passed by mar. to 1963) Estates: Bateman 14521 (I) 2955 Peers: 4 peers 1786-1808 1832-97 1926-45 Notes: The daughter of the 3 Baron was created Baroness Dorchester in her own right in 1899 and she succeeded to the estates. Two in ODNB.

CARLETON II IRELAND

Viscount Carleton (1797-1826 I)

Origins: Merchants in Cork in the 18th century. Sheriff 1717. The 1 Viscount became Chief Justice of the Common Pleas in Ireland.

1. George Carleton – {Enniscorthy 1662-66} 2. Christopher Carleton – {Wicklow 1695-99 1703-04} 3. Hugh Carleton 1 Viscount Carleton – {Tuam 1772-76 Philipstown 1776-83 Naas 1783-87}

Seat: Clare, Tipperary (acq. 18th c., resident until c. 1826) Estates: 994 (I) 720 in 1878. Title: Baron Carleton 1789-1826 I Peers: {1 peer 1789-1800} 1 Irish Rep peer 1801-26 Notes: The 1 Viscount had no issue. Family resident in England post 1918. One in ODNB.

CARNEGIE SCOTLAND

Earl of Southesk (1633- S)

Origins: First granted land in Forfarshire 1358. Married heiress to Kinnaird Castle and succeeded to the estates 1410. First [MP 1591]. Four additional [MPs 1600-47], including two for Forfarshire and one for Kincardineshire.

1. Sir David Carnegie 1 Bt – [Kincardineshire 1667 1669-74] 2. Sir James Carnegie 3 Bt – Kincardineshire 1741-65 3. Sir David Carnegie 4 Bt – Aberdeenshire 1784-90 Forfarshire 1796-1805 4. Sir James Carnegie 5 Bt – Aberdeen Burghs 1830-31 5. Charles Carnegie – Forfarshire 1860-72

Seats: Kinnaird Castle, Forfarshire (acq. 1410, built 15th c., add. 1610, roofless by 1855); Pittarrow House, Kincardineshire (medieval, purch. 1631 for £3277, demolished 1802); Crimonmogate, Aberdeenshire (built 1825, add. 1860, acq. by mar. to Bannerman 218 List of Parliamentary Families

heiress 1891, sold 1996); Elsick House, Kincardineshire (medieval, acq. by mar. to Bannerman heiress 1891, rebuilt c. 1900, still own – see Duff) Estates: Bateman 22699 (S) 21917. 4,500 acres in 1996. Titles: Baron Carnegie 1616- S; Baron Balinhard 1869- UK; Baronet 1663- Peers: [3 peers 1660-88 1690] 3 peers 1869-1945 2 Lds Lt 18th, 19th 1 KT 19th Notes: The 5 Earl was “out” in 1715. The title was attainted and estates forfeited 1716. Estates bought back 1740. on Earldon reversed 1855. The 11 Earl of Southesk married Princess Maud of in 1923, the daughter of the Duke of Fife and the Princess Royal. The 3 Duke of Fife became 12 Earl of Southesk (see Duff). Four in ODNB.

Earl of Northesk (1666- S)

Origins: Cadet line descended from a younger brother of the 1 Earl of Southesk.

1. James Carnegie – [possibly Forfar Burghs 1669-74 1678 Forfarshire 1686 1698-1701 1703-07] 2. Swynfen Carnegie – Stafford 1841-47 3. Douglas Carnegie – Winchester 1916-18

Seats: Ethie House (Castle), Forfarshire (built by early 16th c., acq. 1549, sold 1928); Inglismaldie, Kincardineshire (built late 16th c., acq. 1635, sold 1693); Longwood House (Rosehill), Hampshire (acq. by mar. 1788, rebuilt 1879-80, sold c. 1939, demolished 1960s) Estates: Bateman 7735 (S & E) 9758 Titles: Baron Lours, Rosehill, & Inglismaddie 1639- S; Earl of Ethie 1647-66 S Peers: [4 peers 1660-67 1669-79 1681-88 1698-1707] 4 Scottish Rep peers 1708-15 1796- 1807 1830-31 1885-91 1900-21 Notes: Two in ODNB.

Carnegie

Origins: Descended from a younger son of the 1 .

1. Sir John Carnegie – [Forfarshire 1661-63] 2. John Carnegie – Forfarshire 1708-16

Seats: Boysack, Forfarshire (purch. 17th c., resident 19th c.); Kimblethmont, Forfarshire (purch. 1678) Estates: Bateman 3670 (S) 5171 List of Parliamentary Families 219

Carnegie

Origins: Descended for the youngest brother of the 1 Earl of Southesk

1. James Carnegie – [Forfarshire 1669-74 1681 1685-86]

Seat: Balnamoon, Forfarshire (medieval, acq. 16th c., passed by mar. to Arbuthnots later 19th c.) Estates: Bateman 8066 (S) 5204. 3,500 acres in 1996

CARR [Buckworth] IRELAND

Carr

Origins: Founder went to Ireland from in the early 17th century as an official.

1. George Carr – {Naas 1661-62} 2. Thomas Carr – {Carrick 1661-66} 3. Thomas Carr – {Newtown Limavady 1703-13} 4. William Buckworth Carr – {Cashel 1739-53}

Seat: Donore House, Kildare (acq. 17th c., sold 18th c., now a ruin)

Buckworth

Origins: Richard Buckworth was a soldier. The Carr estates passed by marriage to the Buckworths in the early 18th century, and they took the additional name Carr.

1. Richard Buckworth – {Cashel 1715-38}

Seat: Lisheen, Tipperary (acq. late 17th or early 18th c., sold pre-1840, burned 1900)

CARR ELLISON

Ellison

Origins: Merchants in Newcastle from the 14th century. Acquired coal mines in the 18th and 19th centuries. Estates passed to the James family in the mid-19th century (see James) and then (due to a Carr/Ellison marriage of 1813) to the Carrs in 1870 (from a marriage of 1758).

1. Robert Ellison – Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1647 1660 220 List of Parliamentary Families

2. Cuthburt Ellison – Shaftesbury 1747-54 3. Cuthburt Ellison – Newcastle-unpon-Tyne 1812-30

Seats: Hebburn Hall, Durham (medieval, add. 16th and 17th c., purch. c. 1650, rebuilt 1790, remod. 19th c., family departed but retained estate, house became a hospital); Gateshead Park, Durham (acq. by mar. 1729 from Cotesworths who purch. 1716, leased out from 1825, sold 1857, burned 1891) Notes: Cadet branch of the Ellisons went to Ireland, see Macartney.

Carr

Origins: Merchants in Newcastle from the 14th century, Mayor 1481. First MP 1491 for Newcastle. An additional MP for Newcastle 1571. Grew richer in the 1660s and became mining engineers and acquired mines.

1. Sir Ralph Carr – Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1679-81 1689-95 2. William Carr – Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1690-1710 3. William Carr – Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1722-27 1729-34

Seats: Dunston Hill Hall, Durham (old house, purch. 1704, add. mid-18th c., later became a hospital); Hebburn Hall, Durham (see above); Hedgeley Hall, (old house, purch. and rebuilt 1786, remod. 19th c., and add. 1910-14, still owned by Carr- Ellison family 2015) Estates: Bateman 10135 (E) 12137. Rubinstein – Ralph Carr left £140,000 in probate in 1837. Notes: One in ODNB.

CARTER I [Shaen, Tilson] IRELAND

Carter

Origins: The founder served at the Battle of Boyne under William III 1690. His son was Master of the Rolls 1732.

1. Thomas Carter – {Fethard 1695-99 Portarlington 1703-13} 2. Thomas Carter – {Trim 1719-27 Hillsborough 1727-60} 3. Thomas Carter – {Old Leighlin 1745-60}

Seats: Castle Martin, Kildare (built c. 1720, acq. 1730, sold 1854); Robertstown, Meath (purch. 1702, sold 1830); Watlington Park, Oxfordshire (sold 1877); Shaen Manor, Mayo (built 17th c., acq. by mar. 1750, resident 19th c.) Estates: 42538 (I) 4153. Worth £4,000 pa in the 18th c. £2500 pa in 1850. Notes: The Carters emigrated to South America in the late 19th century. One in ODNB. List of Parliamentary Families 221

Shaen (Shane)

Origins: Sir James Shaen, reputedly the son of a blacksmith, was knighted in the late 16th century by Lord Deputy Chichester for assistance as a lawyer in land conveyancing. The family acquired considerable estates during and after the Civil War. Sheriff 1655. Sir James’s grandson was appointed Receiver General for 1660, Surveyor General 1668 and was Farmer General of the Revenue 1662. In supervising land transfers much clung to the Shaen’s fingers. (The Irish Builder, July 1, 1893, vol. 35, p. 150) The heiress of Sir Arthur Shaen 2 Bt married in 1750 Henry Carter of Castle Martin, who succeeded to the Shaen estates.

1. Sir James Shaen 1 Bt – {Clonmell 1661-66 Baltinglass 1692-93 1695} 2. Sir Arthur Shaen 2 Bt – {Lismore 1692-93 1695-99 1703-25}

Seats: Shaen Manor, Mayo (acq. and built 17th c., passed to Carters by mar. 1750); Kilmore, Roscommon (acq. mid-17th c., passed by mar. to Carters 1750); Bishopstone, Westmeath (acq. mid-17th c., passed to Carters 1750) Estates: Worth £1600 pa in 1725. Title: Baronet 1663-1725 Notes: One in ODNB.

Tilson

Origins: Bishop of Elphin in the 17th century. Civil servants in the 18th century. Purchased estates 1723. The heiress of John Tilson married Thomas Shaen Carter in 1842, and the Carters succeeded to the Tilson estates.

1. Christopher Tilson – Cricklade 1727-34

Seats: Watlington Park, Oxfordshire (built 1675, purch. 1758 by Tilson for £15,100, new house c. 1750, passed by mar. to Carters 1842, sold 1877); Hampton Poyle, Oxfordshire (purch. 1723, sold 1795 for £25,000) Notes: One in ODNB.

CARTER II WALES & ENGLAND

Origins: John Carter was a linen draper and soldier in the Civil War. High Sheriff 1650, Kt 1660. He acquired Kinmel by marriage 1647 from the Holland family.

1. John Carter – Denbigh 1654 1656 1659 1660 2. William Carter – Kingston-u-Hull 1741-44 3. Thomas Carter – Kingston-u-Hull 1747-54 222 List of Parliamentary Families

Seats: Kinmel, Denbighshire (acq. by mar. 1647, sold 1789); Redbourne Hall, (built 18th c., passed to the Dukes of St. Albans via a Carter heiress 18th c.)

CARTER III [Bonham]

Carter

Origins: The father of the first MP was a brewer in Portsmouth in the 18th century. John Carter MP succeded to the estates of his cousin Thomas Bonham in 1826 (a brewer in Petersfield who left £120,000 in probate) and took the additional name Bonham. The Carters were also brewers. Kt 1773. The family produced many mayors of Portsmouth.

1. John Bonham Carter – Portsmouth 1816-38 2. John Bonham Carter – Winchester 1847-74 3. Mark Bonham Carter 1 Baron Bonham-Carter – Torrington Div. Devon 1958-59

Seats: Adhurst St. Mary, Hampshire (purch. and built 1858, sold 1993); Manor (then House), Hampshire (built c. 1600, remod. early 18th c., purch. by the Bonhams 1798, passed by mar. to Carters 1826, rebuilt 1910, sold 1927 and 1957) Bateman 5622 (E) 6260. Thomas Carter (d.1826) left £120,000. John Bonham Carter MP (d. 1838) also left £120,000. The Bonham estate was 6,500 acres. (Rubinstein, “The Structure of Wealth-holding in Britain 1809-39”, 81) Title: Baron Bonham Carter 1986-94 UKLife. The daughter of Herbert Asquith, 1 Earl of Oxford, Helen Violet Bonham Carter was created Baroness Asquith (UKLife 1964-69). Notes: Five in ODNB.

CARTWRIGHT

Origins: The son of a yeoman became a successful lawyer and purchased land in the late 16th century. First MP 1650s?

1. Thomas Cartwright – 1695-98 1701-48 2. William Cartwright – Northamptonshire – 1754-68 3. William Cartwright – Northamptonshire 1797-1831 S. Northamptonshire 1832-46 4. Henry Cartwright – S. Northamptonshire 1858-68 5. Fairfax Cartwright – S. Northamptonshire 1868-81 6. William Cartwright – Oxfordshire 1868-85

Seats: Aynhoe Park, Northamptonshire (purch. late 16th c., built c. 1616, damaged 1640s, remod. 1660, add. 1707-22, remod. c. 1800-05, sold 1955, flats); Flore House, Northamptonshire (built 1608, resident 19th c.); Eydon Hall, Northamptonshire (rebuilt 1788-89, purch. mid 19th c. sold late 19th c.); Edgcote (Edgecote), Northamptonshire (medieval, rebuilt 16th c., rebuilt 1748-54, inher. by mar. 1847, sold 1924) List of Parliamentary Families 223

Estates: Bateman 8538 (E) 17003. Edgcote House and 1,700 acres sold for £25,000,000 in 2005 though no longer owned by the Cartwrights. Notes: The male line became extinct in 1950s with the death of father and son in a car accident. Two in ODNB.

CARY IRELAND

Origins: At Londonderry by 1660. Merchants and Mayors of Londonderry 1740s. Married into the aristocracy 1743.

1. Henry Cary – {Coleraine 1727-56} 2. Edward Cary – {County Londonderry 1742-90} 3. Frederick Hamilton-Cary – {Londonderry 1743-46}

Seat: Pellipar Manor, Londonderry (leased 1742-1803) Estates: Worth £4,000 pa in 1756. Notes: Male line extinct 1797.

CASWALL

Origins: Burgesses in the 17th century. One married the daughter of a London banker in the early 18th century and became a banker himself.

1. Sir George Caswall – Leominster 1717-41 2. John Caswall – Leominster 1741-42 3. Timothy Caswall – Hertford 1761-68 1771-89

Seat: Sacombe Park, Hertfordshire (acq. by mar. mid-18th c., rebuilt early 19th c., sold c. 1825)

CATELYN (Catlin, Catline)

Origins: A Norwich family, Tudor lawyer, established as gentry in the later 16th century. First MP 1542. Two additional MPs 1571-1644.

1. Sir Neville Catelyn – 1679-81 Norwich 1685-87 1689-90

Seats: Kirby Cane, Norfolk (purch. 1604, built 17th and 18th c., sold early 18th c.); Wingfield Castle, Suffolk (built 1384, part demolished 1525, add. 1544, purch. c. 1630, passed out of the family 1702) Notes: One in ODNB. 224 List of Parliamentary Families

CATHCART SCOTLAND

Earl of Cathcart (1814- S)

Origins: Medieval family. Kt 14th century. Baron 1452.

1. Charles Cathcart – 1784-88

Seats: Cathcart House (Castle), Renfrewshire (acq. 12th c., built 15th c., passed out of family 1546, unroofed c. and new house built 1740, repurch. 1814, ruin, sold 1927); Schawpark (Schaw Park House), Clackmannanshire (built c. 1700, acq. by mar. 1752, sold 1826, unroofed 1925, demolished 1961); End, (aka Thornton-le-Street Hall), Yorkshire (built 16th c., purch. by Cromptons 1793, acq. by mar. 1850 by Cathcarts, leased out from 1911, sold and demolished 1921) Estates: Bateman 5564 (E & S) 5129 Titles: Baron Cathcart 1452- S; Viscount Cathcart 1807- UK Peers: [1 peer 1660-1707] 3 Scottish Rep peers 1734-40 1752-76 1788-1812 6 peers 1807- 1927 1940-45 1 Ldt Lt 18th-19 th 2 KT 18th, 19th Notes: The 3 Earl married 1850 the daughter and heiress of Sir Samuel Crompton 1 Bt of Wood End, Thornton-le-Street, Yorkshire (banking family from ) and succeeded to his estates. (See Crompton). Six in ODNB.

Cathcart

Origins: Descended from a younger son of the 2 Baron Cathcart. First [MP Ayrshire 1625].

1. Sir Hew Cathcart 1 Bt – [Ayrshire 1703-07]

Seats: Carelton House (Castle), Ayrshire (built 15th c., add. 1872, ruin); Killochan Castle, Ayrshire (acq. 14th c., built 1586, add. 18th c., sold 1950s) Estates: Bateman 13118 (S) 7000 Title: Baronet 1703-1916 Notes: The 6th and last Baronet left his estates in 1916 to his nephew Ivo Walker- Heneage (see Heneage). List of Parliamentary Families 225

CAULFIELD IRELAND

Earl of Charlemont (1763-1892 I)

Origins: From Oxfordshire. To Ireland with the Earl of Essex 1598 as a soldier. Kt 1603. Receiver of Rents of the Earl of Tyrone’s forfeited estates 1607. Gained 1,000 acres by 1610. Member of the Commission of parceling out lands c. 1615. First MP for English seats 1584-1601. First {MP 1613}. Baron {1620}.

1. Thomas Caulfield – {Charlemont 1661-65} 2. William Caulfield – {Tulske 1692-93 1695-99 1703-14} 3. James Caulfield 3 Viscount Charlemont – {Charlemont 1703-05 1715-26} 4. John Caulfield – {Charlemont 1703-07} 5. Henry Caulfield – {Tulske 1715-27} 6. John Caulfield – {Charlemont 1723-60} 7. St. George Caulfield – {Tulske 1727-51} 8. Toby Caulfield – {Tulske 1727-40} 9. Francis Caulfield – { 1758-60 Charlemont 1761-75} 10. Thomas Caulfield – {Tulske 1715-27 1741-47} 11. William Caulfield – {Tulske 1761-68 1769-71} 12. William Caulfield – {Tulske 1769-86} 13. Toby Caulfield – {Tulske 1771-72} 14. Francis Caulfield 2 Earl of Charlemont – {County Armagh 1797-99} 15. Henry Caulfield – County Armagh 1802-07 1815-18 1820-30 16. James Caulfield 3 Earl of Charlemont – County Armagh 1847-57

Seats: Roxborough () Castle, Tyrone (acq. fort 1602, new house built 1774, add. 1842-46, add. 1864, sold 1920, burned 1922); Drumcairn, Tyrone (acq. later 18th c., built early 19th c., departed 1936); Coney Island, Armagh (purch. 1890s, built 1895, sold, now NT); Marino House (and Casino), (purch. 1755, built 1758-76, house demolished 1921); Donamon Castle, Roscommon (castle built 15th c., acq. and remod. later 18th c., add. mid-19th c., sold 20th c., religious institution) Estates: Bateman 26820 (I) 26334 and 14132 (I) 7421. Worth £3,034 pa in 1760 and £7,685 pa in 1798. Owned 20,186 acres in 1721. Title: Baron Caulfield 1620- I; Viscount Charlemont 1665- I; Baron Charlemont 1837-92 UK Peers: {4 peers 1660-71 1692-1734 1754-99} 2 Irish Rep peers 1806-63 1918-45 2 peers 1837-92 2 Ldts Lt 19th 3 KP 18th, 19th Notes: The 8 Viscount was a Senator in the Northern Irish Parliament in 1925. Four in ODNB. 226 List of Parliamentary Families

Caulfield

Origins: Descended from a younger son of the Earl of Charlemont.

1. James Caulfield – Abingdon 1852

Seat: Copeswood (Copswood), Limerick (built mid-19th c., estate dispersed 1852) Estates: Bateman 3350 (I) 2513

CAVE [Locke, Otway] ENGLAND & IRELAND

Baron Bray(e) (1529-57 1839-62 1879- E)

Origins: Rose to wealth and titles in royal service under the Tudors. Acquired land after the Dissoultion. First MP 1545 for Leicestershire. Two additional MPs 1547-71.

1. Sir Roger Cave 2 Bt – Coventry 1685-87 1689-90 2. Sir Thomas Cave 3 Bt – Leicestershire 1711-19 3. Sir Thomas Cave 5 Bt – Leicestershire 1741-47 1762-74 4. Sir Thomas Cave 7 Bt – Leicestershire 1790-92 5. Cave – 1826-30 County Tipperary 1832 1835-44

Seat: Stanford Hall, Leicestershire (acq. 1430, old house, rebuilt 1697-1700, remod. 1745 and 1880, still own) Estates: Bateman 4658 (E) 8317 Title: Baronet 1641- Peers: 2 peers 1879-1945 Notes: The Barony of Braye [family name Bray(e)] fell into on the death of the 2 Baron in 1557 (see also ). The sister of the 7 Bt, who had no children (the Baronetcy went to an uncle), succeeded to the estates and had the Barony of Bray(e) called out of abeyance in her favor in 1839. Two in ODNB.

Otway

Origins: Gentry by the Tudor period in Westmorland. One to Ireland in the 1640s and another as chaplain to the Lord Lieutenant 1670, Bishop of Ossory 1680, and acquired Clohonan Castle (later ). The Baroness Braye of 1839 (see above) married Henry Otway of Castle Otway 1790.

1. Sir 2 Bt – Stafford 1852-57 Chatham 1865-74 Rochester 1878-85 List of Parliamentary Families 227

Seats: Castle Otway, Tipperary (Clohonan, Cloghanane Castle) (old castle, acq. 1685, add. later 17th c., add. mid-18th c., add. 19th c., burned 1922, much of the estate sold, Otways continued to own some land at least until 1950); Lissenhall, Tipperary (acq. 18th c., built mid-18th c., sold 1853, ruin by 1967) Estates: Held 4,362 acres worth £1,830 pa in 1878. Title: Baronet 1831- Notes: The Westmorland estates of the Otways passed by marriage to the Uptons of Devon in the later 17th century (see Upton). Three in ODNB.

Locke

Origins: Richard Locke’s daughter and heiress married of Lissenhall, Tipperary. Their son succeeded to Castle Otway.

1. Richard Locke – {Athy 1692-93 1695-99 Kildare 1703-14}

Seat: Tullagory, Kildare (resident 17th c.)

CAVENDISH [Bentinck, Bradshaw, Clifford, Moore, Ogle] ENGLAND & IRELAND

Duke of Devonshire (1694- E)

Origins: Judge in 1371, but then William Cavendish (d. 1433) became a mercer in London. His great-grandson served Wolsey and Cromwell under Henry VIII. Gained land at the Dissolution. Kt 1546. Courtiers. Acquired great estates by marriage to “” (Hardwicks acq. c. 1330). First MP 1379 for Suffolk. Seven additional MPs 1547-1626, several kts of the shire. Baron 1605.

1. William Cavendish 1 – 1661-81 2. William Cavendish 2 Duke of Devonshire – Derbyshire 1695-1701 Castle Rising 1702 Yorkshire 1702-07 3. Lord Henry Cavendish – Derby 1695-1700 4. Lord James Cavendish – Derby 1701-02 1705-10 1715-42 5. William Cavendish 3 Duke of Devonshire – Lostwithiel 1721-22 Grampound 1722-27 Huntingdonshire 1727-29 6. Philip Cavendish – Bere Alston 1721 St. Germans 1722-27 Portsmouth 1734-43 7. Lord Charles Cavendish – Heytesbury 1725-27 Westminster 1727-34 Derbyshire 1734-41 8. Lord James Cavendish – Malton 1741 9. William Cavendish 4 Duke of Devonshire – Derbyshire 1741-51 10. Lord Frederick Cavendish – Derbyshire 1751-54 Derby 1754-80 228 List of Parliamentary Families

11. Lord George Cavendish – Weymouth & Melcombe Regis 1751-54 Derbyshire 1754-80 1781-94 12. Lord John Cavendish – Weymouth & Melcombe Regis 1754-61 Knaresborough 1761-68 York 1768-84 Derbyshire 1794-96 13. Richard Cavendish – Wendover 1761-68 14. James Cavensdish – {Lifford 1773-76 Banagher 1776-83} 15. Lord Richard Cavendish – Lancaster 1773-80 Derbyshire 1780-81 16. George Cavendish 1 Earl of Burlington – Peterborough 1775-80 Derby 1780-96 Derbyshire 1797-1831 17. George Cavendish – {St. Johnstown 1790-97 Cavan 1798-1800} 18. William Cavendish – Knaresborough 1804 Aylesbury 1804-06 Derby 1806-12 19. George Cavendish – Aylesbury 1806-09 20. Sir Augustus Clifford 1 Bt – Bandon Bridge 1818-20 Dungarvon 1820-22 Bandon Bridge 1831-32 21. William Cavendish 7 Duke of Devonshire – 1829-31 Malton 1831 Derbyshire 1831-32 N. Derbyshire 1832-34 22. Lord George Cavendish – N. Derbyshire 1834-80 23. Sir Charles Clifford 4 Bt – 1857-65 Newport 1870-85 24. Spencer Cavendish 8 Duke of Devonshire – N. 1857-68 Radnor District 1869-80 N. E. Lancashire 1880-85 Rossevale Div. Lancashire 1885-91 25. Lord Edward Cavendish – E. Sussex 1865-68 N. Derbyshire 1880-82 26. Victor Cavendish 9 Duke of Devonshire – W. Derbyshire 1891-1908 27. Lord Richard Cavendish – Lonsdale Div. Lancashire 1895-1906 28. Edward Cavendish 10 Duke of Devonshire – W. Div. Derbyshire 1923-38

Seats: Chatsworth, Derbyshire (built 14th c., purch. 1549, new house 1560-76, rebuilt 1687-96 and 1703-04, add. 1820s, still own); Hardwick Hall, Derbyshire (acq. by Hardwicks c. 1330 - old hall demolished 1746, 1789, 1870s - new house 1587-97, NT 1950s); Bolton Abbey, Yorkshire (Clifford acq. 1310, rebuilt c. 1378, acq. by mar. from Cliffords 1748, still own); Compton Place, Sussex (built 1726-29, acq. by mar. 1782, leased to a school 1954 onwards, still own); , Waterford (medieval castle, acq. and rebuilt c. 1610 by Boyles, acq. by mar. 1753, rebuilt 1812, add. 1849-58, still own); Chiswick House, Middlesex (built early 17th c., purch. by Earl of Burlington 1682, add. 1727-32, passed to Duke of Devonshire by mar. of 1748, old house demolished 1788, add. c. 1788-90, leased out and part of estate sold from 1858 onwards, house sold to County Council 1929, owned by Ministry of Works from 1956, wings demolished 1956-57); Holker Hall, Lancashire (acq. and built c. 1610 by Prestons, Cavendishes acq. from Lowthers, who acq. by mar. to Prestons 1697 – see Earls of Lonsdale - by marriage 1756, remod. 1783-89, rebuilt 1838-42, fire and rebuilt 1873-74, 1908 given to younger son of 9th Duke, and his grandson, Lord Cavendish of Furness still owns) Estates: Bateman 198572 (E & I) 180750. Owned 100,000 acres in the late 1620s. Landed income of £36,000 pa in 1764. The Hon. Henry Cavendish, scientist, left List of Parliamentary Families 229

nearly a million pounds in 1810. The Hon. William Cavendish left £150,000 probate in 1812. Rubinstein – 5 Duke left £300,000 probate in 1811. The 1 Earl of Burlington left £140,000 in probate in 1834. Worth £120,000,000 in 1990 with 73,000 acres. Titles: Baron Cavendish 1605- E; Earl of Devonshire 1618- E; Marquess of Hartington 1694- E; Earl of Burlington 1831- UK; Baron Cavendish of Furness 1990- UKLife, Baronet 1838-95 Peers: 12 peers 1660-1755 1751-64 1769-1858 1831-1945 14 Lds Lt 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th 8 in Cabinet 1716-18 1725-30 1731-33 1737-45 1755-57 1782-83 1827 1866-74 1880-85 1882 1895-1903 1922-24 10 KG 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th Notes: Sir Augustus Clifford 1 Bt was the illegitimate son of the 5 Duke of Devonshire. Sir Charles Clifford 4 Bt was his descendent. The Cavendishes succeeded to the Yorkshire estates (Bolton Abbey) of the Clifford Earls of Cumberland through an heiress in the 17th century. The 4 Duke married Lady Charlotte Boyle in 1748. She inherited immense estates in England and Ireland from her father the 2 Earl of Burlington. A younger son was created Earl of Burlington in 1831, but the title later merged with the Dukedom. The 1, 2, 3 Earls and 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11 Dukes and 12 others in ODNB.

Baron Waterpark (1792- I)

Origins: Illegitimate descendents of Sir Henry Cavendish, Bess of Hardwick’s oldest son. Given Doveridge Hall 1611. Augustus Cavendish succeeded to the Bradshaw estates (Ford Hall) through his mother and took the additional name Bradshaw. Moved to Ireland for a time in the 18th century.

1. Sir Henry Cavendish 1 Bt – {Tallow 1756-60 Lismore 1761-76} 2. Samuel Bradshaw – {Tallow 1761-62} 3. Sir Henry Cavendish 2 Bt – {Lismore 1766-68 1776-90 Killibegs 1790-97 Lismore 1798-1800} Lostwithiel 1768-74 4. Richard Cavendish 2 Baron Waterpark – {Portarlington 1790-97} 5. Augustus Cavendish Bradshaw – {Carlow 1790-96} Honiton 1805-12 Castle Rising 1812 Castle Rising 1812-17 6. Henry Cavendish 3 Baron Waterpark – Knaresborough 1830-32 S. Derbyshire 1832-35 Lichfield 1854-56

Seats: Doveridge Hall, Derbyshire (acq. 1552 by Cavendishes, built 1650s, rebuilt 1769 onwards, sold c. 1891, demolished 1938); Ford Hall (House), Derbyshire (demolished c. 1961); Waterpark, Cork (built c. 1692, acq. by mar. 18th c., sold 19th c., demolished 1981) Estates: Bateman 8291 (E & I) 8319 Title: Baronet 1755- Notes: 2 Bt in ODNB. 230 List of Parliamentary Families

Baron Chesham (1858- UK)

Origins: Descended from a younger son of the Earl of Burlington of the second creation.

1. Henry Cavendish – Derby 1812-34 2. Charles Cavendish 1 Baron Chesham – Aylesbury 1814-18 Newton (IoW) 1821-30 Yarmouth (IoW) 1831-32 E. Sussex 1832-41 Youghal 1841-47 Buckinghamshire 1847-57 3. William Cavendish 2 Baron Chesham – Peterborough 1847-52 Buckinghamshire 1857-63

Seat: Latimer House, Buckinghamshire (purch. c. 1625, built later 16th c., fire 1830s, rebuilt 1838, sold 1924) Estates: Bateman 11487 (E) 15625 Peers: 4 peers 1858-1945

Duke of Portland (1716-1990 GB)

Origins: The Bentincks were Dutch nobles of medieval lineage one of whom accompanied William III to England in 1688 as a page. He served at the Battle of the Boyne and became a diplomat and courtier. Baron 1689, KG 1697. The 2 Duke of Portland married the heiress to , which descended from the Cavendishes, and the Bentincks took the additional name Cavendish. Welbeck passed through a series of heiresses beginning with the third son of Bess of Hardwick, who married the co-heiress of Lord Ogle (see below), who became Baroness Ogle in her own right. Their son succeeded as Baron Ogle and was created -upon-Tyne. The 2 Duke left a daughter, Lady Margaret Cavendish, who married John Holles, . He was created Duke of Newcastle and also left only a daughter, Lady Henrietta Cavendish-Holles. She married the 2 Earl of Oxford and Mortimer. They left an only daughter, who married the 2 Duke of Portland. The Holles estates passed to the Pelham Dukes of Newcastle (see Pelham) but Welbeck and the Cavendish property went to the Portlands. This Cavendish line elected three pre-1660 MPs 1614-40s.

1. Henry Cavendish 2 Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne – Derbyshire 1660 Northumberland 1661-76 2. Henry Bentinck 1 Duke of Portland – Southampton 1705-08 Hampshire 1708-09 3. – Droitwich 1742-47 Grampound 1747-54 Malmesbury 1754-59 4. William Cavendish-Bentinck 3 Duke of Portland – Weobley 1761-62 5. John Bentinck – Rye 1761-68 6. Lord Charles Bentinck – Lewes 1766-68 Carlisle 1768-74 1775-96 Clitheroe 1796-1802 7. William Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck 4 Duke of Portland – Petersfield 1790-91 Buckinghamshire 1791-1809 List of Parliamentary Families 231

8. Lord William Cavendish-Bentinck – Camelford 1796 Nottinghamshire 1796-1803 1812-14 1816-26 King’s Lynn 1826-28 Glasgow 1836-39 9. Lord William Cavendish-Bentinck – Ashburton 1807-12 10. Lord Frederick Cavendish-Bentinck – Weobley 1816-24 Queenborough 1824-26 11. William Cavendish-Bentinck Marquess of Tichfield – Bletchingley 1819-21 King’s Lynn 1822-24 12. William Cavendish-Bentinck 5 Duke of Portland – King’s Lynn 1824-26 13. Lord William Cavendish-Bentinck – King’s Lynn 1828-48 14. William Cavendish-Bentinck – Glasgow 1836-39 15. Lord Henry Cavendish-Bentinck – N. Nottinghamshire 1846-57 16. George Bentinck – W. Norfolk 1852-68 1871-84 17. George Cavendish-Bentinck – Taunton 1859-65 Whitehaven 1865-91 18. William Cavendish-Bentinck Penryn & Falmouth 1886-95 19. Lord Henry Cavendish-Bentinck – N. W. Div. Norfolk 1886-92 S. Nottinghamshire 1895-1906 1910-29 20. William Cavendish-Bentinck 7 Duke of Portland – Newark Div. Nottinghamshire 1922-43

Seats: Welbeck Abbey, Nottinghamshire (acq. by Cavendishes at the Dissolution, Bentincks acq. 1755 by mar. to Cavendish heiress, huge rebuilding operations underground 1860s-70s, add. 1889-96, remod. c. 1900-02, became a school after WWII until 2005, descendents still own); Bulstrode (Park), Buckinghamshire (built c. 1676- 85, acq. by 1 Earl early 18th c., sold 1810); , Northumberland (built 1343, passed by mar. to Ogles 1363, then to Cavendishes 1591, restoration and add. 1830-31, 1857-59, and 1909, still own); Langwell House, Caithness-shire (built 18th c., purch. 1860 for £90,000, add. 19th c., still own); Terrington St. Clement, Norfolk (owned c. 18th c.-1920); Castle, Derbyshire (12th c. castle, purch. 1608 by the Cavendish Duke of Newcastle, built 1612-21, rebuilt c. 1635-42, add. 1663-66, passed by mar. to Harleys 1711, unroofed 1713-15, later passed to Dukes of Portland, passed to government 1945); Skeldon House, Ayrshire (medieval, rebuilt 1780-99, purch. 1867, sold 1926) Estates: Bateman 186001 (E & S) 112711. Worth £50,000,000 in 1990 with 16,000 acres. One of the Welbeck settlement heirs owned 45,000 acres in Scotland in 1996. Titles: Baron Ogle 1461- E; Baron Ogle and Viscount Mansfield 1620-91 E; Baron Cavendish and Earl of Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1628-91 E; Marquess of Newcastle 1643-91 E; Duke of Newcastle 1665-91 E; 1689- E; Marquess of Tichfield 1716- 1990 GB; Baron Bolsover 1880-1977 UK Peers: 10 peers 1660-91 1689-1726 1730-1945 7 Lds Lt 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th 2 in Cabinet 1782-83 1794-1805 1807-09 1809-12 1827-28 6 KG 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th Notes: 1 and 2 Dukes of Newcastle, 1 Earl, and 3, 5, and 9 Dukes of Portland and seven others in ODNB. 232 List of Parliamentary Families

Baron Ogle (1461- E)

Origins: Owned Ogle manor by the mid-12th century. First MP 1298 for Northumberland. Six additional MPs 1435-1654, most for Northumberland. The MPs listed below descended from a younger son of the 3 Baron Ogle (d. 1513). (For the senior line see Duke of Devonshire above).

1. William Ogle – Northumberland 1685-87 2. Samuel Ogle – Berwick-on-Tweed 1690-1710 { 1707-13} 3. Sir Chaloner Ogle 1 Bt – Rochester 1746-50 4. Sir Charles Ogle 2 Bt – Portarlington 1830-31 5. Saville Ogle – S. Northumberland 1841-52

Seats: Kirkley Hall, Northumberland (medieval tower house, house built 1632, fire 1928 and rebuilt, now an agricultural collge); Causey Park, Northumberland (acq. by mar. 14th c., built 1589, remod., 18th and 19th c., sold 1854); Coupland, Northumberland (built c. 1585, purch. 1713, add. early 18th c., sold 1806) Estates: Bateman 7408 (E) 7895 Title: Baronet 1816- Notes: The Barony fell into abeyance in 1597 and again in 1691. Some of the pre-1660 MPs took the name Bertram from whom the family had inherited Bothal Castle, Northumberland. Eight in ODNB.

Ogle/Moore

Origins: George Ogle, son of Samuel Ogle MP above moved to Ireland as a Commissioner of Revenue. He left his estates to a nephew George Ogle Moore in 1814. The Moores were Irish officials in the later 18th and early 19th centuries.

1. George Ogle – {Bannow 1727-46} 2. George Ogle – {County Wexford 1769-97 Dublin 1798-1800} 1801-02 3. Lorenzo Moore – {Dungannon 1783-90 Ardfert 1798-1800} 4. George Ogle Moore – Dublin 1826-31

Seats: Bellevue (Belview), Wexford (built 1737, passed by mar. to Moores 1814, sold 1825, burned 1923); Dean’s Castle, Wexford; Richfield, Wexford Estates: Possibly 1,397 acres in the 18th c. Notes: One of George Ogle Moore MP’s sons became Dean of Cashel and another emigrated to . The Ogle estates were sold. One in ODNB. List of Parliamentary Families 233

CAWLEY

Baron Cawley (1918- UK)

Origins: the 1 Baron was a Manchester bleacher and dyer who entered politics.

1. Frederick Cawley 1 Baron Cawley – Prestwich Div. S. E. Lancashire 1895-1918 2. Harold Cawley – Heywood Div. Lancashire 1910-15 3. Oswald Cawley – Prestwich Div. S. E. Lancashire 1918

Seats: Berrington Hall, Herefordshire (built 1778-81, purch. 1900, NT 1957); Brooklands, Lancashire (acq. late 19th c., demolished 20th c.) Title: Baronet 1906- Peers: 2 peers 1918-45 1 in Cabinet 1916-18

CAYLEY

Origins: Emerged as gentry and purchased Brompton in the late 16th century. Kt 1630. Created a Baronet 1661 for services in the Civil War.

1. William Cayley – Dover 1752-55 2. Sir George Cayley 6 Bt – Scarborough 1832-34 3. Edward Cayley – N. R. Yorkshire 1832-62

Seats: Brompton (High Hall), Yorkshire (purch. late 16th c., resident into 20th c., now a school, still own estate); Llannerch Park, Denbighshire (acq. by mar. 1878) Estates: Bateman 8459 (E) 9126 Title: Baronet 1661- Notes: Six in ODNB.

CAYZER

Baron Rotherwick (1939- UK)

Origins: First MP was the son of a schoolmaster and started as an office clerk. Owned a steamship line.

1. Sir Charles Cayzer 1 Bt – Barrow-in-Furness 1892-1906 2. Herbert Cayzer 1 – Portsmouth S. Div. 1910-22 1923-39 3. Sir Charles Cayzer 3 Bt – 1922-40 234 List of Parliamentary Families

Seats: Gartmore House, Stirlingshire (built early 18th c., add. 1779-80, purch. 1900, remod. 1901-02, family departed 1940, sold c. 1950, now conference center); Kinpurnie Castle, Forfarshire (purch. and rebuilt 1907-11, still own, for sale 2012); Cornbury Park (House), Oxfordshire (built late 16th c., remod. 1632-33 and 1663-77, remod. c. 1850, purch. 1960s, still own) Estates: 1 Bt left over £2,000,000 in 1916. Family worth in excess of £350,000,000 in 1990. Owned 3,000 acres in Suffolk and 43,000 acres in Scotland in 2001. Titles: Baron Cayzer 1982-99 UKLife; Baronet 1904- ; 1921- ; 1924- Peer: 1 peer 1939-45 Notes: The Cayzer family has an entry in the ODNB. In addition one other member of the family is listed separately.

CECIL [Gascoyne]

Marquess of Exeter (1801- UK)

Origins: The grandfather of the 1 Baron Burghley was the younger son of a poor Welsh . He followed Henry VII in his campaign for the throne and rose in office under the new King. He purchased property at Stamford and became an MP 1504. The family rose high under Elizabeth I. Seven further MPs 1539-1640, kts of the shire 1553, 1584.

1. John Cecil 5 Earl of Exeter – Northamptonshire 1675-78 2. John Cecil 6 Earl of Exeter – 1695-1700 3. William Cecil – Stamford 1698-1705 4. Charles Cecil – Stamford 1705-22 5. Brownlow Cecil 8 Earl of Exeter – Stamford 1722 6. Brownlow Cecil 9 Earl of Exeter – Rutland 1747-54 7. Thomas Cecil – Rutland 1761-68 8. Henry Cecil 1 – Stamford 1774-90 9. Thomas Cecil – Stamford 1818-32 10. William Cecil 3 Marquess of Exeter – S. Lincolnshire 1847-57 N. Northamptonshire 1857-67 11. Brownlow Cecil 4 Marquess of Exeter – N. Northamptonshire 1877-95 12. Lord John Joicey-Cecil – Stamford Div. Lincolnshire 1906-10 13. David Cecil 6 Marquess of Exeter – Peterborough Div. Northamptonshire 1931-43

Seat: Burghley House, Northamptonshire (purch. c. 1540, built 1556-87, remod. 1682- 97, still own) Estates: Bateman 28271 (E) 49044 Titles: Baron Burghley 1571- E; Earl of Exeter 1605- E Peers: 11 peers 1660-1804 1816-1945 List of Parliamentary Families 235

5 Lds Lt 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th 2 KG 19th, 20th Notes: 1 Baron, 1, 2 Earls, 6 Marquess, and one other in ODNB.

Marquess of Salisbury (1789- GB)

Origins: The junior line of the family descended from a younger son of the 1 Baron Burghley. Four MPs 1584-1656.

1. James Cecil 3 Earl of Salisbury – Hertfordshire 1668 2. Robert Cecil – Castle Rising 1701 Wootoon Basset 1708-10 3. James Cecil 1 – Great Bedwyn 1774-80 Launceston 1780 4. James Gascoyne-Cecil 2 Marquess of Salisbury – Weymouth & Melcombe Regis 1813-17 Hertford 1817-23 5. Robert Gascoyne-Cecil 3 Marquess of Salisbury – Stamford 1853-68 6. Lord Eustace Cecil – S. Essex 1865-68 W. Essex 1868-85 7. James Cecil 4 Marquess of Salisbury – N. E. Lancashire 1885-92 Rochester 1893- 1903 8. Hugh Cecil 1 Baron Quickswood – Greenwich 1895-1906 1910-37 9. Evelyn Cecil 1 – E. Hertfordshire 1898-1900 Aston Manor 1900-18 Aston Div. Birmingham 1918-29 10. Robert Cecil 1 Viscount Cecil of Chelwood – E. Marylebone 1906-10 Hitchin Div. Hertfordshire 1911-23 11. Robert Cecil 5 Marquess of Salisbury – S. Div. Dorset 1929-41 12. Robert Cecil 6 Marquess of Salisbury – Bournemouth West 1950-54 13. Robert Cecil 7 Marquess of Salisbury – S. Dorset 1979-87

Seats: , Hertfordshire (old house built c. 1497, acq. and new house built 1607-12, fire 1835, restored 1830s, still own); Cranborne Manor, Dorset (built 12th c., acq. c. 1603, remod. 1606-11, restored 1863, still own) Estates: Bateman 20202 (E) 33413. Owned 7,020 acres worth 245 million pounds in 2001. Titles: Baron Cecil 1603- E; Viscount Cranborne 1604- E; Earl of Salisbury 1605- E; Viscount Cecil of Chelwood 1923- UK; Baron Rockley 1934- UK; Baron Quickswood 1941- UK; Baron Gascoyne-Cecil 1999- UKLife Peers: 13 peers 1660-83 1687-89 1692-94 1712-28 1734-1945 1923-45 1934-45 1941-45 3 Lds Lt 18th, 19th 6 in Cabinet 1852-53 1858-59 1866-67 1874-80 1885-92 1895-1902 1903-05 1916 1922-29 1923-26 1940-45 1994-97 5 KG 17th, 18th, 19th 20th Notes: 1, 2, 3, 4 Earls and 3, 4, 5 Marquesses and six others in ODNB. 236 List of Parliamentary Families

Gascoyne

Origins: Brewers early, mid-18th century. Lord Mayor of London 1752. The first MP entered the gentry. The heiress of Bamber Gascoyne married the 2 Marquess of Salisbury, who took the additional name Gascoyne.

1. Bamber Gascoyne – Malden 1761-63 Midhurst 1765-68 Weobley 1770-74 1774-84 Bossiney 1784-86 2. Bamber Gascoyne – Liverpool 1780-96 3. Isaac Gascoyne – Liverpool 1796-1831

Seats: Childwall Hall (Abbey), Lancashire (purch. and built 1806-13, passed by mar. to Marquess of Salisbury and leased to tenants, sold, demolished 1949); Bifrons, Essex (built early 17th c., purch. mid 18th c., rebuilt 18th c., demolished and sold 1815-16) Estates: Worth £4,000 pa in 1791. Notes: Three in ODNB.

CHAFIN (Chaffin)

Origins: Began as burgesses and then purchased land later 16th c. Several branches in various towns. First MP 1472. Four additional MPs 1529-1628.

1. Thomas Chafin – Poole 1679-81 1685-87 Dorchester 1689-90 Hindon 1690-91 2. Thomas Chafin – Shaftesbury 1699-1701 Dorset 1702-11 3. George Chafin – Dorset 1713-54

Seat: Chettle House, Dorset (purch. 1576, built c. 1710-15, sold 1826, now flats) Estates: Worth £500 pa in c. 1650. Notes: The family was in increasing financial difficulties by the mid-18th century. (Hayton, The House of Commons, III, 507). Male line extinct 1818.

CHAMBERLAIN

Origins: Manufacturers in 19th-century Birmingham.

1. Joseph Chamberlain – Birmingham 1876-85 W. Birmingham 1885-1914 2. Richard Chamberlain – W. Islington 1885-92 3. Sir Austen Chamberlain – E. 1892-1914 W. Birmingham 1914-37 4. Neville Chamberlain – Ladywood Div. Birmingham 1918-29 Edgbaston Div. Birmingham 1929-40 List of Parliamentary Families 237

Seats: Moor Green (Moorgreen) Hall, Worcestershire (purch. and built later 19th c., sold 20th c.); Highbury Hall, Worcestershire (purch. and built 1878-80, donated to city of Birmingham 1919) 3 in Cabinet 1880-85 1895-1905 1915-17 1919-22 1924-29 1931 1931-40 1 KG 20th Notes: Four in ODNB

CHAPLIN

Viscount Chaplin (1916- UK)

Origins: The first MP’s father and grandfather were yeomen. Alderman of Bury St. Edmunds. Clothier in London, Lord Mayor and Kt 1677. 1 Bt was a Director of the South Sea Company. Purchased estates.

1. Thomas Chaplin – Bury St. Edmunds 1659 1660 2. John Chaplin – Great Grimsby 1690-95 1702-05 3. Sir Robert Chaplin 1 Bt – Great Grimsby 1715-21 4. John Chaplin – Lincoln 1754-61 Stamford 1761-64 5. Charles Chaplin – Lincolnshire 1802-16 6. Charles Chaplin – Stamford 1826-31 1832-38 7. Henry Chaplin 1 Viscount Chaplin – Mid Lincolnshire 1868-85 Kesteven Div. Lincolnshire 1885-1906 Wimbledon Div. Surrey 1907-16 8. Edward Chaplin – Lincoln 1874-80

Seats: Blankney Hall, Lincolnshire (built early 17th c., purch. 1719, rebuilt mid-18th c., add. 1825, sold 1896, burned 1945, demolished 1960); Uppat House, (built mid-18th c., leased later 19th c.) Estates: Bateman 23370 (E) 30517 Title: Baronet 1715-30 2 peers 1916-45 1 in Cabinet 1885-86 1889-92 1895-1900 Notes: 1 Viscount bankrupted himself. 1 Viscount in ODNB.

CHAPMAN IRELAND

Origins: To Ireland in the mid-17th century as a Cromwellian soldier.

1. Sir Benjamin Chapman 1 Bt – {Fore 1772-76 County Westmeath 1776-83} 2. William Chapman – {Athboy 1776-83} 3. Sir Montagu Chapman 3 Bt – County Westmeath 1830-41 4. Sir Benjamin Chapman 4 Bt – County Westmeath 1841-47 238 List of Parliamentary Families

Seats: Killua Castle, Westmeath (old house acq. mid-17th c., rebuilt 1780, remod. c. 1830, sold 1930s, ruin); Southill (South Hill), Westmeath (built c. 1810, inher. by mar. from Tighes (see Tighe) later 19th c., sold 1949, hospital) Estates: Bateman 13357 (I) 6799 and 9092 (I) 4703 Title: Baronet 1782-1919 1 Ld Lt 19th Notes: T. E. Lawrence “of Arabia” was an illegitimate son of the family.

CHAWORTH

Viscount Chaworth (1628-93 I)

Origins: Claimed Norman descent, and it is probable that one was with William I at the Battle of Hastings. Accumulated significant estates by the end of the 13th century. Summoned as a Baron 1299. Rose to preeminence through a series of profitable marriages concluded over a period of centuries. Became one of the richest families in England by the 15th century. Sir Thomas Chaworth served in the Agincourt campaign with Henry V. (Payling, Political Society in Lancastrian England, 20, 25, 139) Elected nine MPs 1399-1624. A junior line became Chaworth (1628-93 I).

1. Patrick Chaworth – East Retford 1722-27

Seat: Annesley Hall, Nottinghamshire (inherited by mar. 15th c., sold 1896) Estates: Bateman 8211 (E) 13787 (passed in 1693 to the Musters family) Notes: The 3 Viscount Chaworth left some of his estates via an heiress to the 5 (see Brabazon). The Chaworth family has an entry in ODNB.

CHAYTOR

Origins: Minor gentry until the marriage to an heiress of Croft Hall and Clervaux Castle (Clervaux family) in the later 16th century. (Roebuck, Yorkshire Baronets, 24) Owned coalfields, lead mines, and a spa.

1. William Chaytor – Penryn 1774-80 Hedon 1780-90 2. Sir William Chaytor 2 Bt – Durham 1831-34 3. Sir William Chaytor 1 Bt – Sunderland 1832-35

Seats: Witton Castle, Durham (built c. 1410, remod. later 18th c., fire 1797, purch. 1816, sold 1839 but later reacq., sold 1963); Croft Hall, Yorkshire (built 15th c., acq. by mar. l590, remod. 18th and 19th c., sold after 1980?); Clervaux Castle, Yorkshire (acq. by mar. later 16th c., new house built 1839-44, abandoned c. 1935, demolished 1950) Estates: Bateman 2401 (E) 9803 and 2902 (E) 4226 Titles: Baronet 1671-1721; 1831- List of Parliamentary Families 239

CHEETHAM

Origins: Cotton manufacturers 19th century.

1. John Cheetham – S. Lancashire 1852-59 Salford 1865-68 2. Joshua Cheetham – Oldham 1892-1895 3. John Cheetham – Stalybridge 1905-10

Seats: Eastwood Hall, (acq. 19th c., donated to Stalybridge 1932, demolished 1950); Eyford Park, Gloucestershire (built late 17th c., add. late 18th c., demolished and rebuilt c. 1870, purch. 1885, rebuilt 1910, part of estate sold 1959, house sold 1972)

CHERNOCK

Origins: Held Holcot since 1541 as gentry. First MP 1623.

1. Sir Villiers Chernock 2 Bt – Bedfordshire 1685-87 2. Sir Pynsent Chernock 3 Bt – Bedfordshire 1705-08 1713-15 3. Sir Boteler Chernock 4 Bt – Bedford 1740-47

Seat: Holcot (Hulcote), Bedfordshire (purch. 1541, passed by mar. to Herveys 1779 and later divided among heirs) Title: Baronet 1661-1779

CHETWODE

Baron Chetwode (1945- UK)

Origins: Gentry by the 14th century and probably earlier. First MP 1386 for Buckinghamshire. Two further MPs 1559-1653.

1. Sir John Chetwode 4 Bt – Newcastle-u-Lyme 1815-18 Buckingam 1841

Seats: Chetwode, Buckinghamshire (may have held manor by time of and possibly before the Conquest, medieval , rebuilt c. 1600, add. 18th c., sold 1966); Oakley Hall, (acq. c. early 13th c., medieval, rebuilt c. 1710, sold 1919) Estates: Bateman 4105 (E) 7071 and 11649 (E & W) 13672 Title: Baronet 1700- Peer: 1 peer 1945 Notes: One in ODNB. 240 List of Parliamentary Families

CHEYNE

Viscount Newhaven (1681-1728 S)

Origins: Held Chenies, Buckinghamshire from the 12th century. First MP 1372 for Bedfordshire. Sixteen other MPs 1372-1641, a majority of them kts of the shire. Baron 1487.

1. Charles Cheyne 1 Viscount Newhaven – Amersham 1660 Great Marlow 1666-79 Harwich 1690-95 Newport 1695-98

Seats: Chesham Bois (House), Buckinghamshire (acq. by 1430, sold 1735, demolished); Cogenhoe, Northamptonshire (acq. by mar. 1399 from a family that may have held manor at Domesday Book time 1086, sold 1655) Titles: Baron Cheyne 1487-99 E; Baron Cheyne 1572-87 E Peers: [2 peers 1681-1728] 1 Ld Lt 18th Notes: , Lord Cheyne (MP 1478-86) fought at Bosworth. Purchased the manor of Chelsea in 1657. The family became extinct in 1728. Estates passed to the wife of the 1 Viscount. 1 and 2 Viscounts and two others in ODNB.

CHICHESTER [Dawson] IRELAND & ENGLAND

Marquess of Donegall (Donegal) (1791- I)

Origins: Large landowners in North Devon since the 13th century. A Chichester served in the Agincourt campaign (Country Life, 129, p. 1084). Kt 13th century. Sir John Chichester and Sir Arthur Chichester went to Ireland as administrators and soldiers under Elizabeth I, and one of them was appointed Lord Deputy of Ireland 1605-16. Baron 1612. First {MP 1634}. A further {MP 1639}.

1. Charles Chichester – {Belfast 1695-99} 2. Arthur Chichester 2 Earl of Donegall – {Dungannon 1661-66} 3. John Chichester – {Gorey 1692-93 1695-99 1703-13 1715-21} 4. John Chichester – {Belfast 1725-27 1745-46} 5. John Chichester – {Belfast 1761-68 Carrickfergus 1768-76} 6. Arthur Chichester 1 Marquess of Donegall – Malmesbury 1768-74 7. Lord Spencer Chichester – {Belfast 1797-98} Carrickfergus 1802-07 8. George Chichester 2 Marquess of Donegall – {Carrickfergus 1798-1800} 9. George Chichester 3 Marquess of Donegall – Carrickfergus 1818-20 Belfast 1820-30 County Antrim 1830-37 Belfast 1837-38 10. Lord Arthur Chichester – Belfast 1832-35 List of Parliamentary Families 241

11. Lord John Chichester – Belfast 1845-52 12. Robert Chichester – S. Londonderry 1921

Seats: Joymount Palace, Antrim (acq. later 16th c., built 1611-18, abandoned 1724, ruin by 1760, demolished 1768), , Antrim (built early 17th c., fire 1708, new house on new site 1867, passed to Ashley-Coopers 1883, now public ownership); Ormeau House, Down (built late 18th c. add. 1823, abandoned 1860s, demolished 1869, became a public park); Fisherwick Park, Staffordshire (built late 16th c., purch. 1755, built 1766-79, sold 1808 and pulled down); Fisherwick Lodge, Antrim (built 18th c., rebuilt c. 1805, sold c. 1847) Estates: Bateman 22996 (I) 41649; 1 Baron held 100,000 acres worth £6,000 pa in 1625. Owned 250,000 acres in mid-18th c. Worth £20,000 pa in 1800 and £30,000 pa in 1838. Titles: Baron Chichester 1612-25 I; Viscount Chichester 1625- I; Earl of Donegall 1647- I; Baron Fisherwick 1791- GB; Baron Ennishowen and Carrickfergus 1841-83 UK Peers: {3 peers 1660-75 1692-1706 1765-99} 4 peers 1791-99 1841-83 1889-1904 1924-45 2 Lds Lt 19th 2 KP 19th Notes: The Chichesters originally owned c. 250,000 acres in Ireland. (Country Life, 174, p. 250) By the mid-19th century the family had accrued huge debts and much property was sold. The 8 married the daughter and heiress of the 3 Marquess of Donegall taking with her the most valuable property still in the family in 1883 (see Ashley-Cooper). The 5 Baron Templemore succeeded as 7 Marquess in 1975 (see below). 1 Baron, 1 Earl, and one other in ODNB.

Baron Templemore (1831- UK)

Origins: the 1 Baron was a grandson of the 1 Marquess of Donegal. The 5 Baron succeeded as 7 Marquess of Donegall in 1975.

1. Arthur Chichester 1 Baron Templemore – Milborne Port 1826-30 County Wexford 1830-31

Seats: Preston House, Hampshire (built 1720, purch. 1877, sold c. 1900); Dunbrody Park, Wexford (built but incomplete c. 1600, acq. by mar. 1660 from the Itchinghams who acq. Dunbrody in 1595, new house later 18th c., still own estate) Estates: Bateman 26642 (E & I) 18793. Worth £5,000 pa in 1800. Peers: 4 peers 1831-37 1842-1945

Chichester

Origins: The eldest son of Sir John Chichester, grandfather of the 1 Viscount Chichester, was the progenitor of this line. First MP 1547 for Devon. One further MP 1624. 242 List of Parliamentary Families

1. Sir John Chichester 1 Bt – 1661-67 2. Sir Arthur Chichester 3 Bt – Barnstaple 1685-87 1689-90 1713-18 3. Sir John Chichester 4 Bt – Barnstaple 1734-40 4. Arthur Chichester – Honiton 1835-37

Seats: Youlston, Devon (acq. by mar. 1490, remod. 17th c., add. 18th c., sold 1920); Raleigh, Devon (medieval house, acq. by mar. 14th c. from a family who owned it from at least the 12th c., family moved to Youslton 1689, sold c. 1701) Estates: Bateman 7022 (E) 6051. Rubinstein £100,000 probated estate 1808. Title: Baronet 1641- Notes: One in ODNB.

Chichester

Origins: A younger brother of the founder of the Youlston line founded a cadet line at a subsidiary seat at Arlington.

1. Sir John Chichester 1 Bt – Barnstaple 1831-41

Seat: Arlington Court, Devon (acq. 1384, medieval house, demolished 1783, new house 1790, demolished 1820, new house c. 1822-23, add. 1860s, given to NT 1949) Estates: Bateman 6014 (E & W) 5343 Title: Baronet 1840-81 Notes: A Roman Catholic family that did not “conform” until 1793. Became heavily indebted and most estates sold c. 1880s. One in ODNB.

Chichester

Origins: Cadet line.

1. Sir Arthur Chichester 1 Bt – Carrickfergus 1812-18 Belfast 1818-20 Carrickfergus 1820-30 Belfast 1830-32

Seat: Greencastle (Green Castle), Donegal Title: Baronet 1821-47

Baron Moyola (1971-2002 UKLife)

Origins: Dawsons came to Ireland in 1601 from Westmorland. Bishop of Clonfert 1627. Property developer and banker in Dublin and official in the Irish administration later 17th century. Bankers 18th century. The third son of the 4 Marquess of Donegall married the Dawson heiress to Moyola Park. The estates passed from the Dawsons back to a List of Parliamentary Families 243

Chichester heiress (daughter of a son of the 4 Marquess of Donegall), whose husband took the name Chichester-Clark.

1. Thomas Dawson – {Antrim 1695-99} 2. Joshua Dawson – {Wicklow 1705-14} 3. Arthur Dawson – {County Londonderry 1729-42} 4. Gerge Dawson – County Londonderry 1815-30 Harwich 1830-32 5. Robert Dawson – County Londonderry 1859-74 6. Sir Robert Chichester-Clark – Londonderry 1955-74

Seats: Moyola Park (Dawson’s Bridge), Londonderry (purch. c. 1660, rebuilt 1768, passed by mar. to Chichesters 1872, still own); Castle Dawson, Londonderry (purch. 1633, destroyed 1689) Estates: Bateman 3735 (I) 3594 1 Ld Lt 19th Notes: The Irish Genealogist (vol. 6, Nov. 1985, 711-23) states the Dawsons came to Ireland in 1611 from Acorn Bank in Westmorland and purchased the lands at Castle Dawson in 1633. James Chichester-Clark was MP in the Parliament 1929-33, as was his son, James Chichester-Clark 1960-72, Prime Minister of Northern Ireland 1969-71 and created Baron Moyola. One in ODNB.

CHOLMONDELEY (Cholmley, Cholmeley) [Harris, Harrison, Tuckfield, Walpole]

Marquess of Cholmondeley (1815- UK)

Origins: Norman marcher barons at Cholmondeley before the Domesday Book survey. Have held Cholmondeley since the 12th century in direct line. First MP 1547 for Cheshire. Three further MPs 1547-1625, two for Cheshire. Baronet 1611, Viscount 1628.

1. George Cholmondeley 2 Earl Cholmondeley – Newton 1690-95 2. George Cholmondeley 3 Earl Cholmondeley – East Looe 1724-27 New Windsor 1727-33 3. James Cholmondeley – Bossiney 1731-34 Camelford 1734-41 Montgomery 1741-47 4. George Cholmondeley Viscount Malpas – Bramber 1754-61 Corfe Castle 1761-64 5. George Cholmondeley 2 – Castle Rising 1817-21 6. William Cholmondeley 3 Marquess of Cholmondeley – Castle Rising 1822-32 S. Hampshire 1852-57

Seats: (Hall), Cheshire (acq. 11th c., medieval house, rebuilt 1571, remod. 1701, rebuilt 1801-05, add. 1817-19 and 1829-30, still own); , Norfolk (built 1721-35, inher. by mar. from Walpoles 1797, still own) 244 List of Parliamentary Families

Estates: Bateman 33991 (E) 41288. Worth £8,000-£10,000 pa in the 1640s. Worth £45,000,000 in 1990 with 12,000 acres. Rubinstein – 1 Marquess left £140,000 in probate in 1827 and George Cholmondeley £180,000 in 1830. Rubinstein says the late Marquess of Cholmondeley left an estate worth £100,000,000 in the 1980s. Titles: Viscount Cholmondeley 1628-59 I; Baron Cholmondeley 1645-59 E; Earl of Leinster 1646-59 I; Viscount Malpas 1661- I; Baron Cholmondeley 1689- E; Viscount and Earl of Cholmondeley 1706- E; Baron Newburgh 1715- I; Baron Newburgh 1716- GB; Earl of 1815- UK; Baronet 1611-59 Peers: {2 peers 1661-89} 8 peers 1689-1725 1716-1827 1822-1945 4 Lds Lt 18th 1 in Cabinet 1736-44 1 KG 19th Notes: The Marquesses of Cholmondeley succeeded to the Cheshire estates of the Savage family (Earl Rivers – see Pitt) by the marriage of James Cholmondeley to the daughter of the 4 Earl Barrymore and his wife Elizabeth Savage, sister and heiress of the 5th and last Earl Rivers. The Marquesses of Cholmondeley share with the Ancaster family the hereditary post of Lord Great Chamberlain, which entails making the ceremonial arrangements for the State Openings of Parliament. The family received a large infusion of weath through marriage into the Sassoon family in the 20th century (see Sassoon). 1 and 2 Earls and three others in ODNB.

Baron Delamere (1821- UK)

Origins: Cadet (16th century).

1. Thomas Cholmondeley – Cheshire 1670-79 1685-87 2. Francis Cholmondeley – Newton 1689-90 3. Charles Cholmondeley – Cheshire 1710-15 1722-56 4. Thomas Cholmondeley – Cheshire 1756-68 5. Thomas Cholmondeley 1 – Cheshire 1796-1812 6. Hugh Cholmondeley 2 Baron Delamere – Denbighshire 1840-41 Montgomerey Burghs 1841-47

Seat: Vale Royal, Cheshire (medieval, purch. 1616 for £9,000, abbey buildings remod. as a house, remod. 18th c., add. 1796, 1810, 1833-34, 1848, 1860-61, 1877, requisitioned 1939, sold 1947, derelict). Estates: Bateman 12319 (E) 20240 (includes the Cholmondeleys of Condover, ) Most English estates sold off by 1928; acq. 100,000 acres in c. 1902 where they still own large amounts of property. Peers: 4 peers 1821-87 1891-1945 Notes: The family became resident primarily in Kenya in the 20th century. Still there. 3 Baron in ODNB. List of Parliamentary Families 245

Cholmeley

Origins: Descended from a younger son of Richard de Cholomdely, an ancestor of the Marquesses of Cholmondeley early 15th century.

1. Sir Montague Cholmeley 1 Bt – Grantham 1820-26 2. Sir Montague Cholmeley 2 Bt – Grantham 1826-41 Grantham Div. Lincolnshire 1847-52 1857-74 3. Sir Hugh Cholmeley 3 Bt – Grantham 1868-80

Seats: Easton Hall, Lincolnshire (purch. and built 1592, rebuilt 1805, uninhabitable after military use in WWII, demolished c. 1951, still own estate); Norton Place, Lincolnshire (built 1776, acq. 1811, enlarged 1836, still own) Estates: Bateman 11452 (E) 15723 Titles: Baronet patent prepared but not confirmed 1642; 1806-

Harrison

Origins: The first MP was a barrister and Director of the Bank of England. May have been gentry. On his death in 1811 the Harrison estates passed to his son-in-law Sir Montague Cholmeley.

1. John Harrison – Great Grimsby 1780-96 Thetford 1796-1806

Seat: Norton Place, Lincolnshire (built 1776, passed to Cholmeleys 1811, see above)

Cholmley

Origins: Descended from a younger son of Hugh de Cholomdely (see above) 15th century. Acquired estates in Yorkshire in the late 15th century, much expanded after the Dissolution. First MP 1529. Seven additional MPs 1558-1648, including three kts of the shire. Bt 1641.

1. Sir Henry Cholmley – Malton 1641-48 Appleby 1660 2. Sir Hugh Cholmley 4 Bt – Northampton 1679 Thirsk 1685-87 3. John Cholmley – Southwark 1698-1711 4. Hugh Cholmley – Hedon 1708-21 5. Nathaniel Cholmley – Aldborough 1756-68 Boroughbridge 1768-74

Seats: Whitby Abbey (Whitby Hall, Cholmley House), Yorkshire (medieval, purch. 1539, add. 1672, family moved to Howsham 1743, passed out of family by mar. 1778, unroofed and part demolished, now museum); Howsham Hall, Yorkshire (built 246 List of Parliamentary Families

c. 1610, acq. by mar. 1743, remod. c. 1775, passed out of family by mar. 1788, later a school) (see Country Life, 72, pages 196 and 224); Roxby, Yorkshire (acq. and built 1519, add. 1560s, later demolished) Estates: Bateman 2320 (E) 2761 (Cholmeley of Brandsby House, Yorkshire (acq. late 16th c., sold 1912) – Roman Catholic cousins). Purchased 26,000 acres c.1540s and 1550s. Title: Baronet 1641-89 Notes: Estates passed in 1778 to the Stricklands of Boynton (see that family). Two in ODNB.

Earl of Orford (1742-97 GB)

Origins: Merchants at Lynn in the . The Walpoles were established by a Bishop of Ely (d. 1302) (Plumb, Sir , 81). Richard de Walpole c. 1130 married the daughter of Walter de Howelton whose estates at Houghton passed to the Walpoles by the end of the 12th century. First MP 1315 for Norfolk. A further MP 1553. Raised into the aristocracy by Robert Walpole, the first “Prime Minister”. On the death of the last Earl of Orford, Houghton passed by inheritance to the Cholmondeleys of Cholmondeley in 1797.

1. Sir Edward Walpole – King’s Lynn 1660-68 2. Robert Walpole – Castle Rising 1689-1700 3. Robert Walpole 1 Earl of Orford – Castle Rising 1701-02 King’s Lynn 1702-42 4. Galfridis Walpole – Lostwithiel 1715-21 5. Sir Edward Walpole – Lostwithiel 1730-34 Great Yarmouth 1734-68 {Ballyshannon 1737-60} 6. Horatio Walpole 4 Earl of Orford – Callington 1741-54 Castle Rising 1754-57 King’s Lynn 1757-68

Seat: Houghton Hall, Norfolk (acq. 12th c., built 1721-35, passed to Cholmondeleys in 1797 by mar.) Estates: Worth £2,000 pa in 1700, £8,000 pa in 1745. (Hussey, English Country Houses: Early Georgian 1715-1760, 72) Titles: 1723-97 GB; Baron Houghton and Viscount Walpole 1742-97 GB Peers: 3 peers 1723-91 1742-45 2 in Cabinet 1708-11 1714-17 1721-42 1737-39 1 KG 18th Notes: 1 and 4 Earls and eight others in ODNB. List of Parliamentary Families 247

Earl of Orford (1806-1931 UK)

Origins: Horatio Walpole, brother of Sir Robert Walpole 1 Earl of Orford, built Wolterton Park. His son was created 1 Baron Walpole. The earldom was recreated for this line.

1. Horatio Walpole – Castle Rising 1702-13 2. Horatio Walpole 1 Baron Walpole – Lostwithiel 1710 Castle Rising 1713-15 Berealston 1715-17 East Looe 1718-22 Great Yarmouth 1722-34 Norwich 1734-56 3. Horatio Walpole 1 Earl of Orford – King’s Lynn 1747-57 4. – Sudbury 1754-61 Ashburton 1761-68 King’s Lynn 1768-84 5. Richard Walpole – Great Yarmouth 1768-84 6. Horatio Walpole 2 Earl of Orford – Wigan 1780-84 King’s Lynn 1784-1809 7. George Walpole – Derby 1797-1806 Dungarvan 1806-20 8. Horatio Walpole 3 Earl of Orford – King’s Lynn 1809-22 9. John Walpole – King’s Lynn 1822-31 10. Horatio Walpole 4 Earl of Orford – E. Norfolk 1835-37 11. Spencer Walpole – Midhurst 1846-56 University of Cambridge 1856-82 12. Frederick Walpole – N. Norfolk 1868-76

Seats: (Park), Norfolk (purch. c. 1720, built 1727-41, remod. 1828, still own); , Norfolk (built c. 1460, purch. 1736, add. 1860s, still own); Rainthorpe Hall, Norfolk (medieval, remod. c. 1600, purch. 1852, sold c. 1880) Estates: Bateman 12341 (E) 15313 Titles: Baron Walpole 1723- GB; Baron Walpole 1756- GB Peers: 7 peers 1747-1931 1756-57 1934-45 2 in Cabinet 1720-21 1852 1858-59 1866-68 Notes: 1 Baron and five others in ODNB.

Tuckfield

Origins: Clothiers at Raddon since the 16th century. Roger Tuckfield left his estates in 1754 to his granddaughter, the wife of the 2 Earl of Orford.

1. Roger Tuckfield – Ashburton 1708-11 1713-39 2. John Tuckfield – Exeter 1747-67

Seats: Raddon Court, Devon (old house, acq. c. 1700, declined to a farm house, ruins); Shobrooke House (Park) (Little Fulford), Devon (built 16th c., purch. later 16th c., rebuilt 1815, acq. by mar. 1807, remod. 1850, passed out of family by mar. 1880, fire 1945) 248 List of Parliamentary Families

Harris

Origins: Gentry by the 18th century. John Harris married the daughter of Roger Tuckfield as her second husband (it was her daughter who became Countess of Orford), and he enjoyed the income of her estates during his lifetime before they passed to the Walpoles.

1. John Harris – Barnstaple 1741-47 1754-61

Seats: Pickwell Manor, Devon; Wrotham, Kent

CHOWNE [Westbrook]

Chowne

Origins: Settled in Kent in the early 15th century. First MP 1553. One additional MP 1593. Kt 16th century.

1. Henry Chowne – Horsham 1659 1661-68 2. Thomas Chowne – Seaford 1702 1710-13

Seats: Horsham, Sussex; Alfriston, Sussex (acq. early 17th c. and built house, partly burned, passed out of family 1787) Notes: Extinct in male line 1787.

Westbrook (Westbrooke)

Origins: Settled at Godalming in the early 15th century. The daughter and heiress of the last Westbrook (d. 1703) married Thomas Chowne MP.

1. John Westbrook – Haslemere 1659 1660 2. William Westbrook – Arundel 1685-87 Bramber 1698-1700

Seats: Ferring (West Ferring), Sussex (acq. c. 1661, passed out of family c. 1734); Witley, Surrey (acq. early 17th c., sold 1674)

CHRISTIE [Burton, Peters]

Origns: The Burtons held some land in the 17th century but emerged due to the career of a general in the 1740s. The Peters started with a Russia merchant and Governor of the Bank of England 1785, father of the first MP. The daughter and heiress of Ralph Burton of Hull Bank and Hotham married in 1784 Napier Christie. Their daughter List of Parliamentary Families 249

married in 1819 Henry Peters (Russia merchants and banking family) of Betchworth Castle, who took the name Burton.

1. Ralph Burton – Wareham 1768 2. Henry Peters – Oxford 1796-1802 3. Napier Christie-Burton – Beverley 1796-1806 4. Robert Christie-Burton – Beverley 1818-20 5. Henry Burton-Peters – Beverley 1830-37

Seats: Hull Bank House, Yorkshire (acq. 1740s, sold early 19th c.); Hotham Hall, Yorkshire (acq. and built c. 1720, add. 1772, passed out of the family 1865); Betchworth Castle (Place), Surrey (medieval, add. late-16th c., rebuilt 1808, sold c. 1815) Estates: Henry Burton-Peters was worth £7,000 pa in 1827 and he left £140,000 in probate. Due to improvidence financial difficulties forced sales of land beginning in 1793. Notes: Family extinct 1875.

CHRISTMAS IRELAND

Origins: Bristol merchants in the 17th century. Came to Ireland in the 1660s. Mayors of Waterford 1664, 1695, 1715, 1725. Sheriff 1685. Gradually cut links with trade and purchased estates late 17th and early 18th centuries.

1. Richard Christmas – {Waterford 1695-99 1703-13} 2. Thomas Christmas – {Waterford 1713-47} 3. Thomas Christmas – {County Waterford 1743-49} 4. William Christmas – {Kilmallock 1776-83} 5. William Christmas – Waterford 1832-35

Seat: Whitfield Court, Waterford (built 1st half 18th c., became ruinous 1840s, new house 1830s, sold 1916 - M. Girourd, Country Life, 142, 522) Estates: Bateman 4605 (I) 3473. Worth £3,000 pa in 1713.

CHUTE (Chewte, Choute) [Wiggett]

Chute

Origins: Minor gentry in the Middle Ages. Rose as a soldier under Hnery VIII. Standard bearer to the King in 1544. Purchased estates in Kent. Lawyers under Elizabeth I. First MP 1542. Two additional MPs 1593-1614. The Wiggetts succeeded to The Vyne and took the name Chute in 1827. 250 List of Parliamentary Families

1. Chaloner Chute – Middlsex 1659 Haslemere 1661 2. Anthony Chute – Yarmouth (IoW) 1737-41 Newport (IoW) 1741-47 3. Francis Chute – Hedon 1741-42 4. William Chute – Hampshire 1790-1806 1807-20 5. William Wiggett-Chute – W. Norfolk 1837-47

Seats: The Vyne, Hampshire (built early 16th c., purch. 1653, remod. mid-17th c. and mid-18th c., NT 1956); Pickenham Hall, Norfolk (built c. 1680, purch. c. 1700, rebuilt 1829, sold 1830s) Estates: Bateman 3416 (E) 4010 Title: Baronet 1952-56 Notes: Three in ODNB.

Choute

Origins: Cadet line.

1. Sir George Choute 1 Bt – Winchelsea 1696-98

Seat: Hinxhill Place (Court), Kent (acq. mid-17th c., demolished and sold c. 1721) Title: Baronet 1684-1721

CLARGES

Origins: Father of the first MP was a London farrier. The first MP was a politician, official, and brother-in-law of General Monck 1 Duke of Albemarle.

1. Sir Thomas Clarges – Sutherland, Ross & Cromarty 1656-58 Aberdeen and Lauder 1659 Westminster 1660 Southwark 1666-79 Christchurch 1679-81 1685-87 University of Oxford 1689-95 2. Sir Walter Clarges 1 Bt – Colchester 1679-81 1685-87 Westminster 1690-95 1702-05 3. Sir Thomas Clarges 2 Bt – Lostwithiel 1713-15 4. Robert Clarges – Reading 1713-16 5. Sir Thomas Clarges 3 Bt – Lincoln 1780-82

Seats: Stoke Poges, Buckinghamshire (purch. 1661, sold 1740); Aston, Hertfordshire (leased?) Estates: Worth £5,000 to £6,000 pa in 1695, £10,000 pa in 1834. Title: Baronet 1674-1834 Notes: One in ODNB. List of Parliamentary Families 251

CLARK ENGLAND & SCOTLAND

Baron Clark (1970-83 UKLife)

Origins: Farmers in the mid-18th century became great thread manufacturers in Paisley from 1812.

1. Stewart Clark – Paisley 1884-85 2. Alan Clark – Plymouth Sutton 1974-92 Kensington and Chelsea 1997-99

Seats: Kilnside House, Renfrewshire (built 1836, purch. mid-19th c., remod. 1880s, used for business purposes from 1911, sold 1985); Saltwood Castle, Kent (medieval, damaged 1580, restored and add. 1885, restored 1936-39, purch. 1953, still own) Estates: 1 Baron died worth over £5,000,000 in 1983. Owned 17,500 acres in Scotland in 1996. Notes: The peerage was conferred on Kenneth Clark the art historian and Director of the National Gallery. Three in ODNB.

CLARKE [Bohun, Clerke]

Clarke

Origins: Merchants in Chesterfield, acquired landed estates in the later 16th century.

1. Sir Gilbert Clarke – Derbyshire 1685-87 1689-98 2. Godfrey Clarke – Derbyshire 1710-34 3. Godfrey Clarke – Derbyshire 1768-74

Seats: Somershall Hall, Derbyshire (acq. 16th c., rebuilt 1763, add. early 19th c., leased out 19th c., passed out of family 1824); Chilcote House, Derbyshire (purch. 1672, passed out of family 1824); , Derbyshire (purch. 1740, passed out of family 1824) Notes: Estates broken up in 1824 on the extinction of the family.

Clerke (Clarke)

Origins: Old family. One killed at the Battle of Spurs 1513. Grocers in London in the mid-17th century. First MP 1621, a lawyer and recorder. An additional MP 1640. The daughter and heiress of George Clerke MP married in 1671 Sir Gilbert Clarke MP, and the Kent estates passed to the Clarkes in 1691. 252 List of Parliamentary Families

1. George Clerke – Northamptonshire 1661-79 2. Sir Francis Clerke – Rochester 1661-79 1681 1685-87 3. Francis Clerke – Rochester 1690-91

Seat: Ulcombe, Kent (passed to Clarkes 1691, passed out of the family 18th c.) Estates: Worth £3,000 pa in 1660.

Bohun

Origins: Acquired Coundon in the 1570s. Coundon passed to the daughter and heiress of George Bohun MP who married the son of Sir Gilbert Clarke MP.

1. George Bohun – Coventry 1695-98

Seat: Coundon, Warwickshire (acq. 1570s, passed to Clarkes in the early 18th c.) Notes: One in ODNB.

CLAVELL (Clavill)

Origins: Old gentry in Dorset. Claimed to have held land in the county from the time of the Conquest (Oswald, Country Houses of Dorset, 163). First MP 1491. Second MP 1584. In the 17th century the Clavells were heavily involved in the alum and glass industries. One went to India in the mid-17th century to make another fortune and returned a nabob.

1. Edward Clavell – Weymouth & Melcombe Regis 1709-10 2. George Clavell – Dorchester 1752-54

Seat: Smedmore, Dorset (Clavells inher. by mar. 1427 from a family who purch. in 1391, built 1620, remod. c. 1700, add. 1761, passed by mar. to Mansels 1833, still own) Estates: Rubinstein – William Clavill left £100,000 in probate in 1817. Notes: Smedmore has not changed hands by sale since the reign of Richard II. However, much of the estate was sold to pay debts 1623. The senior male line became extinct in 1774 but the remaining estates passed to the current owners through heiresses.

CLAYTON I [Courthorpe, Gethin] IRELAND & ENGLAND

Clayton

Origins: Gentry in Cheshire in the 14th century. Acquired monastic lands at the Dissolution. Sold estates in the late 16th century and moved to Ireland. Official in Ireland (d. 1636), gained estates there. Col. Randolph Clayton MP granted further land for military service (d. 1684). List of Parliamentary Families 253

1. Randolph Clatyon – {Kinsale 1661-66} 2. Laurence Clayton – {Mallow 1692-93 1695-99 1703-13} 3. Courthorpe Clayton – {Mallow 1727-60} Eye 1749-61

Seat: Mallow, Cork

Gethin

Origins: To Ireland 1630s. Officials granted land in Cork 1661. Sheriff 1679. The daughter and heiress of Courthorpe Clayton MP married Arthur Gethin, son of Sir Richard Gethin 1 Bt, who succeded to the estates.

1. Sir Richard Gethin 1 Bt – {Clonmell 1639-49 Newtown Limavady 1661-66} 2. Percy Gethin – {Sligo 1692-93 1695-99 1703-13}

Seats: Gethin’s Grove (Court), Cork (acq. c. 1661, sold mid-19th c.); Earlsfield, Sligo (built 18th c., rebuilt c. 1870) Title: Baronet 1665- Notes: Lived in England post WWI.

Lord Courthorpe (Courthope) (1945-55 UK)

Origins: At Wadhurst, Sussex 1272. First MP 1420. The daughter and heiress of Sir Peter Courthorpe MP married Laurence Clayton MP.

1. Sir Peter Courthorpe – {Cork 1661-66} 2. Sir George Courthorpe – Sussex 1656 East Grinstead 1659 1661-79 3. John Courthorpe – Bramber 1699 4. Sir Peter Courthorpe 1 Bt – Rye Div. Sussex 1906-45

Seats: Whiligh, Sussex (acq. by marriage 1512, built 1586, remod. 1840, descendants still own); Danny Park, Sussex (medieval house, rebuilt 1595, purch. 1652, passed to Campions by mar. 1725) Estates: Bateman 3656 (E) 4477 Title: Baronet 1925-55 Notes: Trees used to build the roof of Westminster Hall under Richard II were taken from Wadhurst, and more trees were harvested from the same place to repair war damage 1945-50. 254 List of Parliamentary Families

CLAYTON II [Browne] IRELAND & ENGLAND

Clayton

Origins: A Liverpool merchant purchased Adlington 1690.

1. William Clayton – Liverpool 1698-1708 1713-15 2. Richard Clayton – Wigan 1747-54

Seat: Adlington Hall, Lancashire (purch. 1690, rebuilt 1770, acq. by Browne by mar. 1839 see below) Estates: Bateman 7186 (I & E) 5980 Title: Baronet 1774-1839 Notes: One in ODNB.

Browne

Origins: Established in Carlow by the mid-17th century from England. Robert Browne married 1803 the only daughter and heiress of Sir Richard Clayton 1 Bt. The Brownes succeeded to the Adlington estates in 1839 and took the additional name Clayton.

1. William Browne – {Portarlington 1790-97}

Seats: Browne’s Hill, Carlow (acq. early 18th c., built 1763, remod. 1842, sold 1951); Adlington Hall, Lancashire (acq. by Brownes by mar. from Claytons 1839, sold c. 1883, demolished c. 1955) Estates: Bateman 5194 (I) 6488

CLAYTON III [East, Kenrick]

Clayton

Origins: The first MP was a carpenter’s son who became the richest man in London as a conveyancer and land agent. Lord Mayor and Kt 1671.

1. Sir – London 1679-81 1689-90 Bletchingley 1690-95 London 1695-98 Bletchingley 1698-1700 London 1701-02 Bletchingley 1702-05 London 1705-07 2. Sir William Clayton 1 Bt – Bletchingley 1715-44 3. Sir Kenrick Clayton 2 Bt – Bletchingley 1734-69 4. William Clayton – Bletchingley 1745-61 Great Marlow 1761-83 5. Sir Robert Clayton 3 Bt – Bletchingley 1768-83 Surrey 1783-84 Bletchingley 1787-96 Ilchester 1796-99 List of Parliamentary Families 255

6. Sir William Clayton 4 Bt – Great Marlow 1783-90 7. Sir William Clayton 5 Bt – Marlow 1832-42 8. Richard Clayton – Aylesbury 1841-47

Seats: Harleyford Manor, Buckinghamshire (acq. 18th c., built 1753, sold 1950, fire mid- 20th c.); Hedgerley Park, Buckinghamshire (purch. mid-19th c., sold 1881, demolished 1935); Marden Park (Place), Surrey (purch. 1672, sold c. 1911); Manor House, Kennington, Surrey (medieval house, Claytons leased from 1661-1834, demolished 1875) Estates: Bateman 11165 (E) 12126 Title: Baronet 1732- Notes: The family owned the lease of Kennington south of the Thames and developed the land as London expanded in the later 18th and early 19th centuries. The lease reverted to in 1834.

East

Origins: William East MP, son of a barrister, was a legal official who purchased Hall Place in 1728. Mary East, heiress of Sir Gilbert East 2 Bt, married in 1785 Sir William Clayton 4 Bt. A younger son took the name East and was created a Bt in 1838. On the extinction of the senior line of the Claytons in 1914, the 3rd East Bt succeeded as 7th Clayton Bt.

1. William East – St. Mawes 1728-35

Seat: Hall Place, Berkshire (purch. and built after 1728, passed by mar. to Claytons 1818, institutional use post-WWII) Estates: Bateman 3224 (E) 5869. Rubinstein – 1 Bt left £200,000 in probate 1819 and 2 Bt left £300,000 in 1828. Titles: Baronet 1766-1828; 1838-1932

Kenrick

Origins: The Kenricks were Clayton cousins. The first MP was the son of a barrister and was himself a lawyer.

1. John Kenrick – Bletchingley 1780-90 2. William Kenrick – Bletchingley 1806-14 256 List of Parliamentary Families

CLEMENTS [Lucas] IRELAND

Earl of Leitrim (1795- I)

Origins: Merchants in Leicester in the early 17th century. To Ireland with Cromwell. Made a fortune in urban land speculation, banking, and the profits of office in the later 17th and early-mid 18th centuries. Sheriff 1694.

1. Henry Clements – {Carrickfergus 1692-93} 2. Theophilus Clements – {Cavan 1713-28} 3. Robert Clements – {Newry 1715-22} 4. Nathaniel Clements – {Dunleek 1728-60 Cavan 1761-68 County Leitrim 1768-76 Carrick 1776-77} 5. Robert Clements – {Cavan 1745-47} 6. Robert Clements 1 Earl of Leitrim – {County Donegal 1765-68 Carrick 1768-76 County Donegal 1776-83} 7. John Clements – {Cavan 1777-83} 8. Nathaniel Clements 2 Earl of Leitrim – {Carrick 1790-97 County Leitrim 1797-1800} 1801-04 9. Robert Clements Viscount Clements – County Leitrim 1826-30 1832-39 10. William Clements 3 Earl of Leitrim – Leitrim 1839-47 11. Charles Clements – County Leitrim 1847-52

Seats: Mulroy House, Donegal (acq. mid-19th c., built c. 1865, add. 1890s, descendents still own); Killadoon, Kildare (built c. 1770, remod. c. 1820, still own); Phoenix Lodge, Dublin (built 1751, sold 1780s); Rathkenny, Cavan (acq. 17th c., built 1820s, partly demolished 1920) Estates: Bateman 59910 (I) 13196 including the Rathkenny line. Nathaniel Clements acquired c. 85,000 acres mid-18th century. Titles: Baron Leitrim 1783- I; Viscount Leitrim 1793- I; Baron Clements 1831- UK Peers: {1 peer 1783-1800} 1 Irish Rep peer 1801-04 4 peers 1831-92 1900-45 4 Lds Lt 19th, 20th 1 KP 19th Notes: 3 Earl murdered by terrorists 1878. One in ODNB.

Clements

Origins: Cadet line descended from a younger brother of the 1 Earl of Leitrim.

1. Henry Clements – {Cavan 1729-45} 2. Williams Clements – {Baltimore 1761-68} List of Parliamentary Families 257

3. Henry Clements – {Cavan 1769-76 County Leitrim 1776-83 Cavan 1783-90 County Leitrim 1790-95} 4. Henry Clements – County Leitrim 1805-18 1840-43 5. John Clements – Leitrim 1820-26 1830-32

Seats: Ashfield Lodge, Cavan (acq. and built late 18th c., sold 1952, demolished); Lough Rynn, Leitrim (built 1833, add. 1889, sold 1990); Glenboy, Cavan Estates: Bateman 45504 (I) 14243

Lucas

Origins: To Ireland in the early 17th century. A soldier in the 1650s. Granted and purchased land c. 1657. Sheriff 1673. Clements cousins descended from an uncle of the 1 Earl of Leitrim seated at Rathkenny. A Clements heiress married 1852 Edward Lucas of the Castle Shane family. They also inherited the estates of the Scudamores of Kentchurch Court (see Scudamore).

1. Francis Lucas – {County Monaghan 1695} 2. Francis Lucas – {Monaghan 1713-46} 3. Edward Lucas – {County Monaghan 1761-75} 4. Edward Lucas – County Monaghan 1834-51

Seat: Castle Shane, Monaghan (castle built 1591, purch. c. 1678, rebuilt 1836, burned 1920 and sold) Estates: Bateman 9955 (I) 7934. Worth £2,000 pa in mid-18th c.

CLERK SCOTLAND

Origins: Merchants in Paris and Edinburgh in the early 17th century then lawyers and officials. Purchased landed estates mid-17th century.

1. Sir John Clerk 1 Bt – [Edinburghshire 1690-1702] 2. Sir John Clerk 2 Bt – [Whithorn Burgh 1703-07] Scotland 1707-08 3. Sir George Clerk 6 Bt – 1811-32 1835-37 Stamford 1838-47 Dover 1847-52

Seats: Penicuik House, Edinburghshire (purch. 1646, new house late 1761-78, add. 1857, fire 1899, family lived in the converted stables from 1902, still own); Mavisbank, Edinburghshire (built 1723-27, remod. c. 1840, late 19th c. became a hospital, fire 1973, ruin) Estates: Bateman 13196 (S) 11424. Title: Baronet 1679- Notes: Coal mines brought in additional income. 1, 2, 4, 6 Bts and the scientist James Clerk Maxwell in ODNB. 258 List of Parliamentary Families

CLERKE

Origins: Old Warwickshire family settled in Buckinghamshire in the early 16th century. First MP late 15th or early 16th century.

1. Sir John Clerke 4 Bt – Haslemere 1710-13 2. Francis Clerke – Oxfordshire 1710-15

Seat: Shabbington, Buckinghamshire (medieval, purch. c. 1515, sold 1716) Title: Baronet 1660- Notes: 8 Bt in ODNB.

CLEVLAND [Christie, Hay]

Clevland (Cleveland)

Origins: The Clevland founder was the son of a naval officer and was himself an officer and administrator in the , who purchased Tapeley. William Christie of Glyndeborne (acq. by the Christies through mar. in the 19th c.) married in 1855 Agnes Clevland heiress of Tapeley Park.

1. John Clevland – Saltash 1741-43 Sandwich 1747-61 Saltash 1761-63 2. John Clevland – Barnstaple 1766-1802 3. William Christie – Lewes 1874-85

Seats: Tapeley Park, Devon (old house purch. and rebuilt 1704, passed by mar. 1855 to Christies, remod. mid-19th c. and early 20th c., still own); Glyndebourne, Sussex (acq. by mar. mid-19th c., remod. 1876, add. to theater from 1930s onwards, still own) Estates: Bateman 11614 (E) 13382. Tapeley estate still consists of c. 6,000 acres Notes: The Christies operated a famous opera house at Glyndebourne from the 1930s onwards. Two Clevlands and one Christie in ODNB.

Hay

Origins: First MP 1640 was a lawyer who married Mary Morley, the heiress to Glynde. His father was Mayor of Hastings. Later a Hay heiress married a Langham through whom Glyndebourne passed to the Christies.

1. William Hay – Rye 1641-53 Sussex 1654 Rye 1656 1659 1660 2. William Hay – Seaford 1734-55 3. Thomas Hay – Lewes 1768-80 List of Parliamentary Families 259

Seats: Little Horsted, Sussex (resident 17th c.); Glyndebourne, Sussex (medieval or early 16th c., acq. by inher. 1679, remod. 17th c., passed by mar. to Langhams 1824 and Christies mid-19th c., see above) Notes: Glyndebourne has passed only by inheritance since Norman times. The de Glyndes acquired it soon after the Conquest. Their heiress c. 1300 took it to the Walleys, who held it until 1490. Their heiress married Nicholas Morley (see Hill I and Stanley) who owned it until 1679. A Morley heiress passed it to the Hays. (Country Life, 45, 554-58) One in ODNB.

CLIFFORD [Aston, Constable] ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, & IRELAND

Baron Clifford of Chudleigh (1672- E)

Origins: The Cliffords were a Norman family. The first Lord Clifford died at Bannockburn in 1274 (see Tufton and Southwell). First MP 1545 for Westmorland. Four further MPs 1547-1621, two for Westmorland. The ancestor of the 1 Baron Clifford of Chudleigh was a younger son of the 5 (Earls of Cumberland, extinct 1633). A daughter of the 2 Baron succeeded by marriage to Burton Constable, and it passed to a younger son. The Constables were paramount lords of Holdernesse from the 12th century. First MP 1379 for Yorkshire. Three further MPs 1439-1604, all sitting for Yorkshire.

1. Thomas Clifford 1 Baron Clifford – Totnes 1660-72 2. Sir Thomas Clifford-Constable 2 Bt – Hedon 1830-32

Seats: Ugbrooke Park, Devon (built 16th c., inher. early 17th c., rebuilt 1763-68, remod. mid-19th c., family still resident); Burton Constable Hall, Yorkshire (owned by Constables from 12th c., rebuilt house c. 1570 and 1600, add. 1730-36 and 1757-87, passed by inher. to Cliffords 1823, charitable trust 1992); Tixall Hall, Staffordshire (inherited 1768, rebuilt 1770s, demolished 1927-29) Estates: Bateman 26374 (E) 33490. Still own 3,900 acres at Burton Constable (Sayer, The Disintegration of a Heritage, 107). Constables held 50,000 acres later 16th c. Title: Baronet 1815-94 Peers: 5 peers 1831-1945 1 in Cabinet 1672-73 Notes: The 1 Baron Clifford of Chudleigh was Lord Chancellor 1672-73. The Constables and Cliffords were both Roman Catholic families in the 17th and 18th centuries, which debarred the 2 through 6 Barons from sitting in the Lords. The Cliffords claimed descent from Lady Godiva, Fair Rosamund, Rollo Duke of Normandy, and Ramsdal the Mighty, King of Denmark. 1 and 7 Barons Clifford and two others and three Constables as well as an entry on the Constable family in ODNB. 260 List of Parliamentary Families

Baron Aston (1627-? S)

Origins: Old family that acquired manors in Staffordshire by 1260. Sheriff and Kt under Henry VI. First MP for Staffordshire 1344. Three additonal MPs 1388-1553 all for Staffordshire. Bt 1611 and Baron 1627. The 5 Baron (d. 1751) had two daughters. Barbara Aston inherited the Tixall estate and married Thomas Clifford (of Chudleigh). Their son succeeded to Tixall and took the name Constable. The right to the Barony descended to a distant cousin, who was poor. His line never claimed the peerage and the title probably became became extinct in 1769.

1. William Aston – {Dunleer 1721-27 County Louth 1727-44} 2. Tichborne Aston – {Ardee 1741-48}

Seats: Tixall Hall, Staffordshire (built 1555, rebuilt 1729-51, passed to Cliffords 1768); Standon, Hertfordshire [inherited from the Sadleir (Sadler) family (acq. 1544, built 1546) by marriage 1660, sold by heirs 1767, most demolished]; Beaulieu, Louth (built 1660-67, acq. by mar. 1st half 18th c., passed by mar. to Tippings later 18th c.); Richardstown Castle, Louth (medieval castle, occupied 18th c., sold) Estates: Worth over £10,000 pa in the 17th century. Titles: Baronet 1611-1751 1 Ld Lt 17th Notes: A Roman Catholic family. William Aston MP married the Tichborne heiress to Beaulieu (1 Baron Ferrard see Montgomerie). His son, Tichborne Aston MP, left Beaulieu to his brother-in-law, Thomas Tipping, MP, (see Montgomerie). Astons extinct in male line 1751. 1 Baron and one other in ODNB.

CLIFTON

Baron Clifton (1608-18 E)

Origins: The first definitive ancestor was Sir Gervase Clifton, granted the manor of Clifton in 1280 and died 1323. (Payling, Political Society in Lancastrian England, 20) He sat in the Commons for Nottinghamshire 1295. Five further MPs 1402-1601 all kts of the shire.

1. Sir Gervase Clifton 1 Bt – Nottinghamshire 1614 1621 1624 1625 Nottingham 1626 Nottinghamshire 1628 East Retford 1640-46 Nottinghamshire 1661-66 2. Sir Clifford Clifton – East Retford 1659 1661-70 3. Sir William Clifton 3 Bt – Nottinghamshire 1685-86 4. Sir Robert Clifton 5 Bt – East Retford 1727-41 5. Sir Robert Juckes-Clifton 9 Bt – Nottingham 1861-66 1868-69 List of Parliamentary Families 261

Seats: Clifton Hall, Nottinghamshire (acq. c. 1280, rebuilt 1560s, rebuilt c. 1750, remod. c. 1780, sold 1958, institutional use, now a residence again); Hodsock, Nottinghamshire (sold 1765) Estates: Bateman 4288 (E) 8682. Rubinstein – 7 Bt left £160,000 in probate in 1837. Title: Baronet 1611-1869 Notes: A Clifton was killed at the Battle of fighting for Henry IV. The Barony passed through the female line from 1618 to numerous other families. The 4 Bt was a Roman Catholic. The 9 Baronet was the last of the male line. He built up large debts before his death in 1869. The remaining estate passed to the Bruce Bts (see Hervey). The barony did not become extinct in 1618 but passed through a series of female holders of the title to the Earls of Darnley (see Bligh).

CLIVE [Herbert, Hickman, Lewis, Windsor] ENGLAND & WALES

Earl of Powis (1804- UK)

Origins: The Clives were modest gentry seated at Styche from the Middle Ages onwards. Chancellor of the Exchequer in Ireland and Kt under Elizabeth I. First MP 1553. Another MP 1645. The family became prominent due to the efforts of (of India) whose military and civil leadership secured much of the subcontinent for the East India Company and brought him great wealth.

1. Edward Clive – Mitchell 1741-45 2. Robert Clive 1 Baron Clive – Mitchell 1754-55 Shrewsbury 1761-74 3. Richard Clive – Montgomery 1759-71 4. William Clive – Bishop’s Castle 1768-70 1779-1820 5. Edward Clive 1 – 1774-94 6. Robert Clive – Ludlow 1794-1807 7. Edward Clive 2 Earl of Powis – Ludlow 1806-39 8. Robert Clive – Ludlow 1818-32 S. Shropshire 1832-54 9. Edward Herbert 3 Earl of Powis – N. Shropshire 1843-48 10. Henry Clive – Ludlow 1847-52 11. Sir Percy Clive Herbert – Ludlow 1854-60 S. Shropshire 1865-76

Seats: , (medieval, purch. by Herberts 1587, remod. 17th c. and 18th c., passed by mar. of 1784 to the Clives, NT 1952, still resident); Styche Hall, Shropshire (medieval, acq. by c. 1600, rebuilt 1762-66, flats, still own estate); Walcot Hall, Shropshire (purch. 1763, built 1764-69, add. early 19th c., sold 1933); Claremont, Surrey (built 1708, add. c. 1714, purch. 1768, rebuilt 1769-1772, sold 1774, school 1931); , Shropshire (built early 18th c., remod. 1748-58, 1784-90, and 1819-40, passed to Earls of Plymouth by mar. 19th c., see below) 262 List of Parliamentary Families

Estates: Bateman 60539 (E & W) 57024. Rubinstein – 1 Earl left £120,000 in probate in 1839. Owned 30,000 acres in 2001. Titles: For earlier Powis titles, see Herbert. Baron Clive 1762- I; Baron Clive 1794- GB Peers: {2 peers 1762-1800} 5 peers 1794-1945 1929-45 5 Lds Lt 18th, 19th, 20th 1 KG 19th Notes: The son of the 1 Baron married the sister of the last Herbert (see that family) Marquess of Powis (extinct 1748). They succeeded to the Powis estates and were created Earl and Countess of Powis 1804. The 2 Earl took the name Herbert in 1807. 1 Baron and 1 and 2 Earls and one other in ODNB.

Clive

Origins: Descended from a younger son of the 1 Baron Clive.

1. George Clive – Bishop’s Castle 1763-79 2. Henry Clive – Ludlow 1807-18 Montgomery 1818-32 3. Edward Clive – Hereford 1826-45 4. George Clive – Herefordshire 1857-69 1874-80 5. Edward Clive – Herefordshire 1869-71 6. Percy Clive – S. Herefordshire 1900-06 1908-18

Seats: Whitfield, Herefordshire (built 1755-60, add. c. 1775-80, purch. late 18th c., add. c. 1850, still own); Wormbridge, Herefordshire (built 17th c., demolished 1798); Perrystone Court, Herefordshire (built 18th c., remod. in 1860s, purch. 1865, fire 1959); Claggan, Ballycroy, Mayo (resident 19th c.) Estates: Bateman 13560 (E & I) 10130; Perrystone branch 41389 (E & I) 6250 Notes: Two in ODNB.

Earl of Plymouth (1682-1843 E 1905- UK)

Origins: The Windsors held the manor of Stanwell, Middlesex at the time of the Domesday Book. (Bindoff, The House of Commons, III, 634) First MP 1295 for Berkshire. Summoned as a Baron in the Parliament of Richard II. Baron 1529. Six further MPs 1470-1555, three of them kts of the shire. A brother of the 2 Earl of Powis married Baroness Windsor, sister and heiress of the 6 . Their grandson, the 14 Baron Windsor, was created Earl of Plymouth of the second creation in 1905.

1. Thomas Windsor 1 Viscount Windsor – Droitwich 1685-87 Bramber 1705-08 Monmouthshire 1708-12 2. Dixie Windsor – University of Cambridge 1705-27 List of Parliamentary Families 263

3. Andrews Windsor – Bramber 1710-15 Monmouth 1720-22 4. Herbert Windsor 2 Viscount Windsor – Boroughs 1734-38 5. Robert Windsor-Clive – Ludlow 1852-54 S. Shropshire 1854-59 6. George Windsor-Clive – Ludlow 1860-85 7. Ivor Windsor-Clive 2 Earl of Plymouth – Ludlow Div. Shropshire 1922-23 8. George Windsor-Clive – Ludlow Div. Shropshire 1923-45

Seats: Oakly Park, Shropshire (see above, acq. by mar. 19th c., still own); , Worcestershire (acq. 1542, built 1712, remod. 1816, demolished 1887, new house 1884- 92, sold 1947, now an institution); Peel Hall, Cheshire (built 1637); St. Fagan’s Castle, Glamorganshire (medieval castle, new house built c. 1620, acq. by mar. 1736, farm house by 1815, restored as a family residence post 1850, donated to National Museum of Wales 1946) Estates: Bateman 37454 (E & W) 63778. In the 19th c. the family owned a lot of urban property in Cardiff. Owned 4,500 acres in 2001. Titles: Baron Windsor 1529-1843 E; Viscount Windsor 1699-1758 I; Baron Mountjoy 1712-58 GB Peers: 11 peers 1660-87 1700-25 1712-58 1728-32 1752-99 1810-43 1878-1945 5 Lds Lt 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th Notes: The rebuilding of Hewell Grange 1884-91 cost £250,000. (Dakers, Clouds, 247) Earl in ODNB.

Hickman

Origins: The Hickmans were farmers before the Reformation, and later prospered in London as merchants. Purchased landed estates 1596. First MP 1601. Another MP 1614. Bt 1643. The sister and heiress of the 6 Baron Windsor married a Hickman. Their son, Thomas Hickman Windsor, succeeded as Baron Windsor and was created Earl of Plymouth in 1682.

1. Sir William Hickman 2 Bt – East Retford 1660-81 2. Sir Willoughby Hickman 3 Bt – Kingston-upon-Hull 1685-87 East Retford 1698- 1706 Lincolnshire 1713-20 3. Willoughby Hickman – East Retford 1711-12

Seats: Gainsborough Old Hall, Lincolnshire (built c. 1460-80, purch. 1596, family departed 1720, passed by mar. to the Bacons 1826, leased to a museum 1952); Thonock Hall, Lincolnshire (built mid-18th c., purch. 1714, passed to the Bacons through an heiress 1826, demolished 1964) Title: Baronet 1643-1781 Notes: One in ODNB. 264 List of Parliamentary Families

Lewis

Origins: Authentic Welsh lineage dating to the 10th century. Purchased estates after the Reformation. The family had “a marvelous aptitude for the acquisition of property”. (Dictionary of Welsh Biography, 546). First MP 1555 for Monmouthshire. Three further MPs 1586-1601. Courtiers under James I and Charles I. The only daughter and heiress of Thomas Lewis married in 1730 the 3 Earl of Plymouth, who succeeded to the Lewis estates in Wales.

1. William Lewis – 1660 2. Richard Lewis – Westbury 1660-80 1685-87 1689-1701 3. Edward Lewis – Devizes 1669-74 4. Thomas Lewis – Whitchurch 1708 Winchester 1710-13 Hampshire 1713-15 Southampton 1715-27 Salisbury 1727-34 Portsmouth 1734-36

Seats: St. Fagan’s Castle, Glamorganshire (medieval castle, purch. 1616, new house c. 1620, passed by mar. to 4 Earl of Plymouth 1736, see above); The Van (Y Fan), Glamorganshire (purch. and built c. 1529, add. late 16th, add. early 17th c., passed by inher. to the 4 Earl of Plymouth and allowed to decay from 1736, ruin, sold 1991); Edington Priory, (medieval, acq. 1629, passed out of family c. 1694); Boarstall, Buckinghamshire (acq. by mar. 1649, later passed to the Aubreys by mar. – see that family); Soberton, Hampshire (acq. by mar. 1678, passed out of family after 1736) Estates: Worth £5,000 pa mid 17th c. Earls of Plymouth owned c. 17,000 acres in Glamorgan in the 1940s.

Lewis

Origins: Cadet of the family above founded by an eighteenth-century ironmaster, main partners of the Dowlais Iron Company 1759-1848.

1. Wyndham Lewis – Cardiff Boroughs 1820-26 Aldeburgh 1827-29 Maidstone 1835-38

Seats: Greenmeadow (Green Meadow), Glamorganshire (resident let 18th and 19th c., demolished 1940s); Newhouse (New House), Glamorganshire (built c. 1735, remod. c. 1790, add. 19th c., passed out of family by mar. late 19th c., now hotel) Estates: Bateman 3549 (W) 5520 plus income from ironworks. Wyndham Lewis inherted 1/16th share of the Dowlais Iron Company.

CLOPTON

Origins: Resided at Clopton since the 13th century. Lord Mayor of London, 15th c. First MP 1346 for Gloucestershire. Two additional MPs in the 15th century. List of Parliamentary Families 265

1. Sir John Clopton – Warwick 1679

Seat: Clopton House, Warwickshire (acq. 13th c., medieval, rebuilt 1662-70, sold 1831, now flats) Notes: The Clopton heiress married 1580 George Carew, created Baron Carew of Clopton 1605 and Earl of Totness 1626, extinct 1629 (see Carew I). One in ODNB.

COATS SCOTLAND

Baron Glentanar (1916- UK)

Origins: Industrialists in the mid-19th century. Threadmakers in Paisley.

1. Sir Thomas Glen-Coats 1 Bt – West Renfrewshire 1906-10 2. Sir Stuart Coats 2 Bt – Wimbledon 1916-18 E. Surrey 1918-22

Seats: Glen Tanar, Aberdeenshire (built later 19th c., purch. 1905, descendents still own); Dunselma, Dumbartonshire (purch. 1884, built 1885-86, sold 1941); Castle Toward, Argyllshire (medieval, demolished, 1646, rebuilt 1820-21, acq. 1920s, add. 1920s, sold 1948) Estates: The 1 Baron left £4,324,000 in 1918. (Rubinstein, Men of Property, 84) Titles: Baronet 1894-1954; 1905- Peers: 2 peers 1916-45 Notes: One in ODNB.

COBBE (Cobb) IRELAND

Origins: Emerged in the 15th century in Hampshire. A younger son went to Ireland 1717. 1743. Purchased estates 1730s and 1740s. Sheriff 1785. First MP for Hampshire 1656.

1. Thomas Cobbe – {Swords 1759-60 1761-68 1776-83} 2. Charles Cobbe – {Swords 1783-90 1798}

Seat: Newbridge House, Dublin (purch. 1736, built 1749, add. 1765, sold 1986) Estates: 11367 (I) 4635. Worth £3,000-£4,000 pa in 1776. Owned 900 acres in 2001. Notes: Two in ODNB. 266 List of Parliamentary Families

COBBOLD

Baron Cobbold 1960- UK

Origins: Brewers since the mid-18th century.

1. John Cobbold – Ipswich 1847-68 2. John Cobbold – Ipswich 1874-75 3. Thomas Cobbold – Ipswich 1875-83 4. Felix Cobbold – Stowmarket Div. Suffold 1885-86 Ipswich 1906-09

Seats: Holywells, Suffolk (purch. 1812, built 1820s, rebuilt 1840s, donated to Ipswich as a park 1936, house demolished); Glemham Hall, Suffolk (medieval, rebuilt c. 1560 c., remod. 1712 and 1720, purch. 1923, still own) Estates: Owned 2,000 acres in 2001. Notes: Two in ODNB.

COCHRANE [Baillie, Carmichael, Wishart] SCOTLAND

Earl of Dundonald (1669- S)

Origins: Acquired estates in the 15th century. Kt mid-17th century. First [MP 1644 for Ayrshire]. Baron 1647.

1. Sir John – [Ayrshire 1667 1669-74 1681] 2. William Cochrane – [Renfrew Burgh 1689-95 Dumbartonshire 1703-07] Wigtown 1708-13 3. Thomas Cochrane 8 – Renfrewshire 1722-27 4. Andrew Cochrane-Johnstone – Stirling Burghs 1791-97 Grampound 1807-08 1812-14 5. Sir – Stirling Burghs 1800-02 1803-06 6. Thomas Cochrane 10 Earl of Dundonald – Honiton 1806-07 Westminster 1807-18 7. George Cochrane – Grampound 1807-12 8. Sir Thomas Cochrane – Ipswich 1839-41 9. Thomas Cochrane 1 – N. Ayrshire 1892-1910 10. Archibald Cochrane – E. Fife 1924-29 Dumbartonshire 1932-36

Seats: Gwrych Castle, Denbighshire (built by Heskeths 1819, passed by mar. to the Dundonalds later 19th c. sold 1946, derelict, restored, hotel); Ochiltree Castle, Ayrshire (medieval, demolished, rebuilt, acq. by mar. 1675, forfeited 1685, repurch. 1686, sold 1737, fire, demolished); Wester Stanley, Renfrewshire; Lochnell Castle, Argyllshire (built late 17th c, add. 1737-39 and 1816-28, purch. 1912, still own); Auchans Castle, Ayrshire (acq. 1640, built 1644, fell into ruin after 1780) List of Parliamentary Families 267

Estates: Bateman under 2000 acres Titles: Baron Cochrane 1647- S; Baron Cochrane of Cults 1919 UK Peers: [2 peers 1660-90] 3 Scottish Rep peers 1713-14 1879-85 1886-1922 1 peer 1919 Notes: The 1, 9, 10, and 12 Earls and four others in ODNB.

Baillie

Orgins: William Baillie received a charter 1367 from King David II. First [MP 1560]. Three additional [MPs 1560-1640, two for Lanarkshire]. Mary Baillie heiress to Lamington married the 4th Carmichael Baronet of Bonnington. Their daughter married Robert Dundas. His daughter married Sir John Lockhart-Ross 6 Bt. Their granddaughter married Sir Thomas Cochrane.

1. William Baillie – [Lanarkshire 1689 1698-1701 1703-07]

Seat: Lamington (Tower) House, Lanarkshire (acq. in the medieval period by the Bradfute family, built 16th c., passed by mar. to Baillies, demolished c. 1780) Notes: Four in ODNB.

Baron Lamington (1880-1951 UK)

Origins: The son of the 8 Earl of Dundonald married into the Ross-Wisharts. Their son took the name Cochrane-Wishart-Baillie and was created Baron Lamington.

1. Alexander Cochrane-Wishart-Baillie 1 Baron Lamington – Bridport 1841-46 1847-52 Lanarkshire 1857 Honiton 1859-68 Isle of Wight 1870-80 2. Charles Cochrane-Baillie 2 Baron Lamington – N. St. Pancras 1886-90

Seat: Lamington, Lanarkshire (Baillies acq. and built 16th c., new house 19th c., still resident 1940) Peers: 3 peers 1880-1945 Notes: 1 and 2 Barons in ODNB.

Carmichael

Origins: See Baillie. The Carmichaels took the additional name Baillie 1727.

1. Sir James Carmichael 4 Bt – Linlithgow Burghs 1713-15

Seat: Bonnington House, Lanarkshire (acq. and built 17th c., fire c. 1900, demolished 1950s) Title: Baronet 1676-1738 268 List of Parliamentary Families

Wishart

Origins: At Pittarrow since the 13th century. First [MP 1560]. One other [MP 1592-97].

1. Sir James Wishart – Portsmouth 1711-15

Seats: Bedale, Yorkshire (acq. by mar. 1678, sold 1706); Pittarro (Pitarow), Kincardine (acq. 13th c., demolished 1802) Notes: One in ODNB.

COCKBURN SCOTLAND

Cockburn

Origins: Prominent from 1375 onwards. Lord Keeper of the Great Seal 1389-96. Bt 1627. First [MP 1612 Berwickshire]. Another [MP 1640-41 also for Berwickshire].

1. Sir Archibald Cockburn 4 Bt – [Berwickshire 1678 1685-86 1689-98] 2. Archibald Cockburn – [Berwickshire 1685-86] 3. Sir James Cockburn 8 Bt – Linlithgow Burghs 1772-84 4. Sir George Cockburn 10 Bt – Portsmouth 1818-20 Weobley 1820-28 Plymouth 1828-32 1841-47 5. Sir 12 Bt – Southampton 1847-56

Seat: Langton, Berwickshire (medieval, acq. 1594, sold 1745) Titles: Baronet 1627-1880; 1628-1782 Notes: Heritable Ushers of the White Rod. Cadet lines produced three additional [MPs 1560-1648]. Two in ODNB.

Cockburn

Origins: Cadet line. First [MP 1560]. Another [MP 1649].

1. Adam Cockburn – [Haddingtonshire 1678 1681 1689-90] 2. John Cockburn – [Haddingtonshire 1703-07] Scotland 1707-08 Haddingtonshire 1708-41

Seat: House, Haddingtonshire (new house 1745, sold 1747, partly demolished 1940) Notes: Financial difficulties forced the sale of estates in 1747. Family extinct with death of the last MP’s son. Notes: Two in ODNB. List of Parliamentary Families 269

COCKS (Cox) [Somers]

Earl Somers (1821-83 UK)

Origins: The Cocks were landowners in Kent during the Middle Ages. They emerged into prominence under the Tudors and acquired Eastnor Castle c. 1600. The Somers were lesser gentry in the 17th century who rose to prominence in the law. The father of the 1 Baron, who became Lord Chancellor and was created a peer in 1697, was a local attorney in Worcester. Mary Somers, sister of the 1 married Charles Cocks. Her grandson was created Baron Somers in 1784. The Cocks were bankers in the later 18th and early 19th century.

1. John Somers 1 Baron Somers – Worcester 1689-93 2. Charles Cocks – Worcester 1694-95 Droitwich 1695-1708 3. Sir Richard Cocks 2 Bt – Gloucestershire 1698-1702 4. James Cocks – Reigate 1707-10 1713-47 5. Charles Cocks 1 Baron Somers – Reigate 1747-84 6. John Cocks 1 Earl Somers – West Looe 1782-84 Grampound 1784-90 Reigate 1790- 1806 7. Philip Cocks – Reigate 1806 8. Edward Cocks – Reigate 1806-12 9. James Cocks – Reigate 1808-18 1823-31 10. John Somers-Cocks 2 Earl Somers – Reigate 1812-18 Hereford 1818-32 Reigate 1832-41 11. James Cocks – Reigate 1818-23 12. Charles Somers-Cocks 3 Earl Somers – Reigate 1841-47 13. Thomas Somers-Cocks – Reigate 1847-57

Seats: Eastnor Castle, Herefordshire (acq. c. 1600 and built soon after, rebuilt 1810-24 at a cost of £85,923, still own); Reigate Priory, Surrey (medieval, rebuilt as house 1541, remod. c. 1704, remod. 1779, purch. 1807, sold 1920-21); Dumbleton Hall, Gloucestershire (acq. by mar. early 17th c., rebuilt c. 1690, part demolished 1779 and the rest in 1830, sold 1828); Castleditch, Herefordshire (purch. c. 1600, demolished 1815) Estates: Bateman 13067 (E) 16849 Titles: Baron Somers 1697-1716 E; Baron Somers 1784- GB; Baronet 1662-1765 Peers: 8 peers 1697-1716 1784-1899 1908-45 3 Lds Lt. 19th, 20th 1 in Cabinet 1693-1700 1708-10 Notes: Two in ODNB. 270 List of Parliamentary Families

COCKAYNE

Viscount Cullen (1642-1810 I)

Origins: Gentry by the mid-12th century at Ashbourne, Derbyshire. First MP 1332. Five further MPs 1335-1628 including several kts of the shire. Chief Baron of the Exchequer (d. 1438). Younger sons merchants, one Lord Mayor of London 1619. One who was a skinner became involved in the plantation of Londonderry 1612 and became the first Governor. His daughter married the and purchased Rushton 1614. Viscount 1642. On the death of the 6 Viscount Cullen in 1810 his estates passed to his niece Mary Cokayne who married William Adams. Their grandson took the name Cokayne and was created Baron Cullen in 1920.

No post-1660 MPs

Seats: Rushton Hall, Northamptonshire (built early 16th c., purch. 1614, add. 1626-31, sold 1828); Ashbourne Hall, Derbyshire (acq. early 12th c., built early 16th c., sold 1671) Estates: Rent roll in early 17th century was £12,000 pa. Titles: Baron Cullen of Ashbourne 1920- UK Peers: {1 peer 1662-87} 2 peers 1920-45 Notes: Three in ODNB.

CODDINGTON IRELAND

Origins: The first known Coddington (1607-57) was High Sheriff of in 1655 and County Wicklow 1656. One served at the Battle of the Boyne. His grandson was Sheriff of Dublin in 1695. The first MP was a lawyer and High Sheriff of Meath 1754. (Crosleigh, Descent and Alliances of Crosleigh and Coddington and Evans.)

1. Dixie Coddington – {Dunleer 1762-76} 2. Henry Coddington – {Dunleer 1783-90 1797-1800} 3. Nicholas Coddington – {Dunleer 1790-97}

Seats: Oldbridge, Meath (leased from 1703, purch. 1729, built 18th c., add. c. 1832, departed 1970s); Tankardstown House, Meath (purch. 1710, sold mid-18th c., now hotel) Estates: Bateman 3737 (I) 2925 Notes: One in ODNB.

CODRINGTON

Origins: At Codrington since the reign of Edward I and acquired the manor in the mid- 15th century. Standard bearer to Henry V in the Agincourt campaign. First MP 1593. List of Parliamentary Families 271

Purchased Dodington 1597. A younger son and his descendents gained a great fortune in from 1628 onwards as planters. Returned to England and purchased Dodington in c. 1700 from less prosperous cousins.

1. John Codrington – Bath 1710-27 1734-41 2. Sir William Codrington 1 Bt – Minhead 1737-38 3. Sir William Codrington 2 Bt – Beverley 1747-61 Tewkesbury 1761-92 4. Christopher Codrington-Bethell – Tewkesbury 1797-1812 5. Sir Edward Codrington – Devonport 1832-39 6. Christopher Codrington – E. Gloucester 1834-64 7. Sir William Codrington 5 Bt – Greenwich 1857-59

Seats: Dodington Park, Gloucestershire (medieval, new house 1557-60, purch. 1597, demolished and rebuilt 1796-1813, sold 1984); Codrington Court, Gloucestershire (acq. and built mid-15th c., remod. 16, 17, and early 18th c., family moved permanently to Dodington in the 18th c. and Codrington declined into a farm house); Didmarton, Gloucestershire (acq. by mar. 1571, sold c. 1750); Charlton House, Somerset (inher. 1694 from the Gorges, remod. 1st half 17th c., passed out of family by mar. of 1742) Estates: Bateman 5023 (E) 7201; Christopher Codrington d. 1710 worth £80,000- £100,000. The family became the richest planters in the Leewards Islands, owners of the entire island of Barbuda. (Parker, The Sugar Barons, 185, 205). £122,000 was spent on construction and furnishings at Dodington Park 1796-1810 (Kingsley, The Country Houses of Gloucester, II, 119) Titles: Baronet 1721- ; 1876- Notes: Five in ODNB.

COGHILL IRELAND & ENGLAND

Origins: Minor gentry possibly of medieval origins at Coghill Hall, Yorkshire. A lawyer went Ireland after 1660 and was appointed as a Master in Chancery. The first {MP} was Chancellor of the Irish Exchequer. Sheriff 1756. The daughter and heiress of James Coghill {MP} married John Mayne of Richings, Buckinghamshire who took the name Coghill in 1779 and was created a Baronet.

1. Marmaduke Coghill – {Armagh 1692-93 1695-99 1703-13 Dublin University 1713-39} 2. James Coghill – {Clogher 1723-27 Newcastle 1727-34} 3. Sir John Cramer Coghill 1 Bt – {Belturbet 1755-76} 4. Sir John Mayne Coghill 1 Bt – Newport 1780-85

Seats: Glen Barrahane, Cork (built 19th c., still resident 20th c.); Coghill Hall, Yorkshire (medieval, rebuilt 1555, rebuilt later 18th c., inher. from English cousins 1789, sold 1796) Estates: Bateman 6305 (I) 4552 272 List of Parliamentary Families

Titles: Baronet 1778- ; 1781-85 Notes: Two in ODNB.

COKE I [Roberts]

Earl of Leicester (1744-59 GB; 1837- UK)

Origins: The founder of the family was Sir , Speaker of the House of Commons 1592 and Chief Justice 1613. He was the son of a London barrister. First MP 1589. Three additional MPs 1614-42. On the death of the 1 of the first creation, the Coke estates passed to his sister and heiress Anne, wife of Philip Roberts. Their son, Wenman Roberts, took the name Coke. His son was created Earl in 1837.

1. Richard Coke – Dunwich 1661-69 2. John Coke – King’s Lynn 1670-71 3. Robert Coke – King’s Lynn 1675-79 4. Sir Robert Coke 2 Bt – Derbyshire 1685-87 5. Gabriel Roberts – Marlborough 1713-15 1717-27 Chippenham 1727-34 6. Thomas Coke 1 Earl of Leicester – Norfolk 1722-28 7. Edward Coke Viscount Coke – Norfolk 1741-47 Harwich 1747-53 8. Wenman Coke – Harwich 1753-61 Okehampton 1761-68 Derby 1772-74 Norfolk 1774-76 9. Thomas Coke 1 Earl of Leicester – Norfolk 176-84 1790-1807 Derby 1807 Norfolk 1807-32 10. Edward Coke – Derby 1780-1807 Norfolk 1807 Derby 1807-18 11. Thomas Coke – Derby 1818-26 12. Edward Coke – W. Norfolk 1847-52 13. Wenman Coke – E. Norfolk 1858-65

Seats: Hall, Norfolk (purch. c. 1600 by Wheatleys through whom it passed by mar. to the Cokes 1612, built 1734-64, still own); Longford Hall, Derbyshire (built early 16th c., purch. 1622, remod. 1762, sold 1920, part destroyed by fire 1942); Godwick Hall, Norfolk (purch. 1580, built 1586, became a ruin); Weasenham Hall, Norfolk (acq. estate c. 1600, built 1905, still own); Minster Lovell Hall, Oxfordshire (built mid-15th c., purch. 1602, dismantled 1747) Estates: Bateman 44090 (E) 59578 and 2442 (E) 4959. Worth £10,000 pa in 1718; Worth £50,000,000 in 1990. Owned 25,000 acres in 2013 (Country Life, Dec. 4, 2013, 48) Titles: Baron Lovel (1728-59 GB); Baronet 1641-1727 Peers: 5 peers 1728-59 1837-42 1844-1945 3 Lds Lt 19th, 20th 1 KG 19th Notes: Four in ODNB. List of Parliamentary Families 273

COKE II [Lamb]

Coke

Origins: Rose from medieval lesser gentry through office-holding in the later 16th and early 17th centuries. First MP 1621. Two others in the 1640s.

1. Thomas Coke – Derby 1685-87 1689 2. Thomas Coke – Derbyshire 1698-1700 1701-10 Grampound 1710-15 3. Daniel Coke – Derby 1776-80 Nottingham 1780-1802 1803-12

Seats: Trusley Manor, Derbyshire (acq. and built early 15th c., reduced to farm house 1718-1818, rebuilt 1902, most demolished 1946, “Old Hall” now residence, still own estate); , Derbyshire (built by early 13th c., acq. 1629, rebuilt 1630s, rebuilt 1706-27, passed to Lambs by mar. 1750); The College, Derby, Derbyshire (sold, institutional use); Brookhill Hall, Derbyshire (medieval, acq. 16th c.?, rebuilt c. 1630, add. 1742 and 1770, sold 1973, still own estate) Estate: Less than 2000 acres by the 1870s. Notes: Male line extinct 1945. Four in ODNB.

Viscount Melbourne (1781-1853 I)

Origins: The 1 Baronet, a lawyer, was the son of a solicitor, who was legal advisor to the Cokes of Melbourne Hall. The 1 Bt inherited £100,000 from a barrister uncle. He became a land agent and moneylender to the aristocracy. He married the Coke heiress and succeeded to Melbourne Hall in 1750.

1. Sir Matthew Lamb 1 Bt – Stockbridge 1741-47 Peterborough 1747-68 2. Peniston Lamb 1 Viscount Melbourne – Ludegrshall 1768-84 Malmesbury 1784-90 Newport (IoW) 1790-93 3. Peniston Lamb – Newport 1793-96 Hertfordshire 1802-05 4. William Lamb 2 Viscount Melbourne – Leominster 1806 Haddington Burghs 1806-07 Portarlington 1807-12 Peterborough 1816-19 Hertfordshire 1819-26 Newport (IoW) 1827 Bletchingley 1827-28 5. George Lamb – Westminster 1819-20 Dungarvan 1822-34

Seats: , Hertfordshire (purch. 1746, rebuilt c. 1765-68, passed to Cowpers 1853); Melbourne Hall, Derbyshire (acq. by marriage – see above – 1750, passed to Cowpers by mar. 1853) Estates: Bateman (under Mount Temple) 8145 (E & I) 16270 The 1 Baronet left an estate of £1,000,000 in 1768. Estates worth £19,000 pa in 1848. 274 List of Parliamentary Families

Titles: Baron Melbourne 1770-1853 I; Baron Melbourne 1815-53 UK; Baron Beauvale 1839-53 UK; Baronet 1755-1853 Peers: {1 peer 1770-1800} 3 peers 1815-48 1839-53 1 in Cabinet 1827-28 1830-34 1835-41 Notes: On the death of the last Viscount in 1853 his estates passed to his sister Countess Cowper and then to her son the 6 Earl Cowper. Three in ODNB.

COKER

Origins: Medieval gentry. At Mappowder since the reign of Henry V. First MP 1559.

1. Robert Coker – Dorset 1656 1660 2. Henry Coker – Hindon 1722-27

Seats: Hill Deverill, Wiltshire (medieval, acq. by mar. 1624, sold 1738); Mappowder Court, Dorset (acq. early 15th c., old house rebuilt 1654, sold 1745, demolished mid-18th c. and rebuilt) Notes: Family in financial difficulties 18th c. One in ODNB.

COLBORNE

Baron Seaton (1839- UK)

Origins: 1 Baron rose by merit and without purchase through the ranks of the army becoming Governor General of Canada 1839.

No MPs

Seats: Beechwood House, Devon (built 1780, purch. and remod. c. 1850, sold by 1920s); Valetta House, Torquay, Devon (resident 1850s and 60s); Bert House, Kildare (built 1725-30, enlarged early 19th c., passed to Colbornes by mar. 1863, sold 1909) Estates: Bateman 5890 (E & I) 2341 Peers: 4 peers 1839-1945 Notes: Three in ODNB.

COLCLOUGH IRELAND & ENGLAND

Origins: Prominent burgesses in Newcastle-u-Lyme in the 14th century. First MP 1360. Five further MPs (all for Newcastle) 1384-1454. Acquired Tintern in Ireland under the Tudors. Bt 1628. Sheriff 1630.

1. Sir Caesar Colclough 2 Bt – Newcastle-under Lyme 1661-79 List of Parliamentary Families 275

2. Patrick Colclough – {Enniscorthy 1689} 3. Caesar Colclough – {Taghmon 1719-26} 4. Caesar Colclough – {County Wexford 1727-60 1761-66} 5. Sir Vesey Colclough Bt – {County Wexford 1766-90 Enniscorthy 1790-94} 6. John Colclough – County Wexford 1806-07 7. Caesar Colclough – County Wexford 1806 1818-20

Seat: Tintern Abbey, Wexford (built 15th c., acq. 1577, given to nation 1958, still resident 1970s) Estates: Bateman 13329 (I) 7124. Owned 16,992 acres in 1749. Worth £6,000 pa in 1800. Title: Baronet 1628-87 Notes: Sir Vesey Colclough assumed the rank of Baronet without authorization. One possible relation in ODNB.

COLE IRELAND

Earl of (1789- I)

Origins: Perhaps a gentry family. The first MP 1572 was a mercer. Two further MPs 1601-60. First Cole to Ireland 1601 came from London as an undertaker in the plantation of Fermanagh under James I and was granted one-third of the townland of Enniskillen 1612. First {MP 1634}. Sheriff 1670.

1. Sir Cole – {Enniskillen 1661-63} 2. Sir John Cole 1 Bt – { 1661-66} 3. Robert Cole – {Enniskillen 1661-66} 4. Arthur Cole 1 Baron Ranelagh – {Enniskillen 1692-95 Roscommon 1695-99} 5. Sir Michael Cole – {Enniskillen 165-66 1692-93 1695-99 1703-11} 6. John Cole – {Enniskillen 1703-26} 7. Richard Cole – {St. Canice 1703-13 Enniskillen 1713-30} 8. John Cole 1 Baron Mountflorence – {Enniskillen 1730-60} 9. William Cole 1 – {Enniskillen 1761-67} 10. Arthur Cole-Hamilton – {County Fermanagh 1783-90 Enniskillen 1790-1800} 1801-02 11. John Cole 2 Earl of Enniskillen – {County Fermanagh 1790-1800} 1801-03 12. Sir Galbraith Lowry Cole – {Enniskillen 1797-1800} County Fermanagh 1803-23 13. Arthur Cole – Enniskillen 1828-44 14. William Cole 3 Earl of Enniskillen – Fermanagh 1831-40 15. Henry Cole – Enniskillen 1844-51 Fermanagh 1854-80 16. John Cole – Enniskillen 1859-68 17. Lowry Cole 4 Earl of Enniskillen – Enniskillen 1880-85 276 List of Parliamentary Families

Seats: , Fermanagh (acq. early 17th c., built c. 1719, expanded 1740s, add. c. 1770s, NT 1953); Enniskillen Castle, Fermanagh (built 15th c., acq. 1607, fire 1710, abandoned by family 1739, became a barracks); Newlands (Castle), Dublin (acq. and built early 18th c., sold later 18th c., demolished 1976) Estates: Bateman 30204 (I) 19290. Held 1,000 acres in 1612. Worth £1,070 pa in 1688 and £13,000 pa in 1805. Owned 5,000 acres in 2001. Titles: Baron Ranelagh 1715-54 I; Baron Mountflorence 1760- I; Viscount Enniskillen 1776- I; Baron Grinstead 1815- UK; Baronet 1661-1754 Peers: {3 peers 1715-54 1761-1800} 1 Irish Rep peer 1804-15 4 peers 1815-1945 1 Ld Lt 19th 2 KP 19th, 20th Notes: A cadet line (brother of the 1 Earl of Enniskillen) at Beltrim Castle, Tyrone (Cole-Hamilton) inherited estates from the 1 Earl of Abercorn (Hamilton) 16811 acres worth £3146 in the 1780s and £4890 in the 1880s. Two in ODNB.

COLEBROOKE ENGLAND & SCOTLAND

Baron Colebrooke (1906-39 UK)

Origins: Mercers and then bankers early 18th century. Purchased Chilham c. 1725. 1 Bt a nabob. 2 Bt (brother of 1 Bt) was Chairman of the East India Company.

1. Robert Colebrooke – Maldon 1741-68 2. Sir James Colebrooke 1 Bt – Gatton 1751-61 3. Sir George Colebrooke 2 Bt – Arundel 1754-74 4. Sir Edward Colebrooke 4 Bt – Taunton 1842-52 Lanarkshire 1857-68

Seats: Abington House, Lanarkshire (purch. late 18th c. estate gradually sold off early 20th c.); Chilham Castle, Kent (medieval, rebuilt 1616, purch. c. 1725, sold 1775) Estates: Bateman 30023 (S & E) 9986 Title: Baronet 1759-1939 Peer: 1 peer 1906-39 1 Ld Lt 19th Notes: Chilham was sold to pay the debts of Robert Colebrooke MP. Two in ODNB.

COLERIDGE

Baron Coleridge (1876- UK)

Origins: 1 Baron was the son of a judge.

1. John Duke Coleridge 1 Baron Coleridge – Exeter 1865-73 List of Parliamentary Families 277

2. Bernard Coleridge 2 Baron Coleridge – Attercliffe Div. Sheffield 1885-94

Seat: The Chantry (Chanter’s House), Ottery St. Mary, Devon (built 18th c., add. 1881- 82, sold 2006) Peers: 3 peers 1876-1945 Notes: 1 Baron’s father was nephew of the poet. Six in ODNB.

COLLETON [Garth]

Origins: The Colletons were merchants in the 16th century. Planters in Barbados 1650. 1 Bt a soldier in the Civil War gained estates in South Carolina and was active in the Royal Africa Company. Thomas Garth (father of John Garth MP) married Elizabeth Colleton and the Garths succeeded to the Colleton estates in 1790. The uncle of the first Garth MP was Physician-General to the army and a personal doctor to George I.

1. Sir Peter Colleton 2 Bt – Bossiney 1681 1689-94 2. John Garth – Devizes 1740-64 3. James Colleton – Lostwithiel 1747-68 St. Mawes 1772-74 4. Charles Garth – Devizes 1765-80

Seats: Haines Hill, Berkshire (built mid-17th c., purch. 1736, add. 1760 and 1825, part demolished 1963, descendents still own); Brownston House (Garth House), Wiltshire (built early 18th c., purch. c. 1740, sold 1779) Estates: Bateman 2581 (E) 4082 Title: Notes: The family continued to own property in Barbados at least until 2011. Baronet 1661-1938

COLLETT

Origins: Minor gentry. The first MP was the son of a hop merchant who became rich.

1. Ebenezer Collett – Grampound 1814-18 Cashel 1819-30 2. William Collett – Lincoln 1841-47 3. John Collett – Athlone 1843-47

Seat: Lochers (Lockers) House, Hertfordshire (purch. 1799, sold later 19th or early 20th c., school) Estates: Rubinstein - Ebenezer Collett MP left £300,000 in probate in 1833. Notes: First MP’s estate was divided among eight children. 278 List of Parliamentary Families

COLLIER

Baron Monkswell (1885- UK)

Origins: The first MP was a shipowner and merchant. 1 Baron was a judge. Kt 1863.

1. John Collier – Plymouth 1832-41 2. Robert Collier 1 Baron Monkswell – Plymouth 1852-71

Estates: The 1 Baron left £83,000 in 1886. Peers: 3 peers 1885-1945 Notes: Two in ODNB.

COLMAN

Origins: Tiverton merchants c. 1500s. Became minor gentry; made a good marriage in the late 17th century.

1. Roger Colman – Tiverton 1660 2. William Colman – Tiverton 1685-87 1689-90 3. Edward Colman – Orford 1768-71

Seat: Gornhay, Devon (purch. early 17th c., sold 1812)

COLSTON

Baron Roundway (1916-44 UK)

Origins: Bristol merchants in the second half of the 17th century.

1. Edward Colston – Wells 1708-13 2. Edward Colston – Bristol 1710-13 3. Charles Colston 1 Baron Roundway – S. Gloucestershire 1892-1906

Seats: Roundway Park, Wiltshire (built early 18th c., rebuilt c. 1783, purch. 1840, remod. 1840s, remod. 1892, sold 1949, demolished 1954-55); Says Court, Gloucestershire (resident 19th c.); Filkins (Filkin’s) Hall, Oxfordshire (passed out of family 1703 by mar., reacquired 18th c., ruin in early 20th c.) Estates: Bateman 8364 (E) 13726; Edward Colston MP 1710-13 left £170,000 in 1721. Peers: 2 peers 1916-44 List of Parliamentary Families 279

COLT

Origins: Rose as royal official and noble servants in the mid-15th century. Acquired estates in Suffolk and Essex at that time. First MP 1449. Another MP 1491.

1. John Dutton Colt – Leominster 1679-81 1689-98 1701 2. Sir Henry Colt 1 Bt – Newport (IoW) 1695-98 Westminster 1701-02 1705-08

Seats: Colt Hall, Suffolk (acq. mid-15th c., sold late 17th c.); Clay Hall, Suffolk (acq. mid-15th c., sold late 17th c.); Parndon Hall, Essex (acq. mid-15th c., sold late 17th c.); Stafferton House (Dutton House), Herefordshire (acq. by mar. 1670, still resident c. 1900); Trawscoed, Radnor (resident 18th and 19th c.) Title: Baronet 1694- Notes: The Baronets in the 19th century were clergymen and a physician. One in ODNB.

COLTHURST [Jeffreys] IRELAND

Colthurst

Origins: Military officer in Ireland from 1607.

1. John Colthurst – {Tallow 1734-56} 2. Sir John Colthurst 1 Bt – {Doneraile 1751-60 Youghal 1761-68 Castlemartyr 1768-75} 3. Sir Nicholas Colthurst 3 Bt {St. Johnstown 1783-90 Clonakilty 1792-95} 4. Sir Nicholas Colthurst 4 Bt – Cork 1812-29 5. Sir George Colthurst 5 Bt – Kinsale 1863-74 6. David Colthurst – County Cork 1879-85

Seats: , Cork (acq. by marriage 1846 from Jeffreys, new house 1874, still own); Ardrum, Cork (acq. and built 18th c., abandoned c. 1850, demolished) Estates: Bateman 31260 (I) 9664 and 4301 (I) 4138 Title: Baronet 1744-

Jeffreys

Origins: First {MP} was an adventurer and Governor of Cork 1698. Purchased Blarney Castle 1703. Sir George Colthurst 5 Bt married in 1846 Louisa daughter and heiress of St. John Jeffreys.

1. Sir James Jeffreys – {Lismore 1703-14} 2. James St. John Jeffreys – {Midleton 1758-76 Randalstown 1776-80} 280 List of Parliamentary Families

Seat: Blarney Castle, Cork (built 1446, purch. 1703, add. mid-18th c., fire 1820, passed to Colthursts by mar. 1846) Estates: Worth £500 pa in 1713.

COLVILLE [Aytoun] SCOTLAND & IRELAND

Viscount Colville (1902- UK)

Origins: The Colvilles emerged in Scotland in the 12th century. Sir Robert Colville was Master of the Household to James IV and fell at Flodden 1513. Further soldiers, officials, and judges. First [MP 1525]. Two further [MPs 1590-96]. The 10 Baron Colville was a railway tycoon in the later 19th century and was created a Viscount.

No post-1660 MPs

Seat: Culross Abbey, Perthshire (sold 1630) Titles: Baron Colville of Culross 1604- S; Baron Culross 1609- S; Baron Colville 1885- UK Peers: 1 Scottish Rep peer 1818-49 3 peers 1885-1945 Notes: 1 and 7 Barons and five others in ODNB.

Baron Colville of Ochiltree (1651-1728 S)

Origins: The 1 Baron descended from an illegitimate son of the senior line 16th century. Sir John Aytoun of Aytoun married Margaret Colville daughter of the 2 Baron. He succeded to the estates of the 3 Baron in 1728 and took the name Colville.

1. Robert Colvile – Kinross-shire 1754-61

Seat: Ochiltree, Ayrshire (demolished) Notes: Two in ODNB.

Aytoun

Origins: Established 12th c. First [MP 1644].

1. Roger Sinclair-Aytoun – Kirkaldy Burghs 1862-74

Seats: Aytoun, Fife (sold 1725); Inchdairnie House, Fife (acq. 1539, sold 1901, demolished) Estates: Bateman 4328 (S) 6256 Notes: Two in ODNB. List of Parliamentary Families 281

Colvill

Origins: This branch of the Colvilles was founded by a brother of the 3 Baron Colville of Culross, a Professor of Divinity who came to Ireland in 1630. He acquired land through inheritance and nepotism. Purchased the Galgorm estate and renamed it Mt. Colville. (Dickson, “The Colvill Family of ”, 139-45.)

1. Sir Robert Colvill – {Hillsborough 1661-66 County Antrim 1692-93 2. Hugh Colvill – {County Antrim 1697-99} 3. Robert Colvill – {Antrim 1727-49 Killybegs 1719-27} 4. William Colvill – {Newton Limavady 1777-83 Killybegs 1783-90}

Seat: Mount Colville (Galgorm Castle), Antrim (old castle, purch. c. 1640, rebuilt c. 1645, sold 1851).

COLYEAR [Dawkins]

Earl of Portmore (1703-1835 S)

Origins: Soldiers in the Dutch service. 1 Baron came to England in 1688 and became a general and a peer.

1. Charles Colyear 2 Earl of Portmore – Chipping Wycombe 1726-30 2. James Colyear 4 Earl of Portmore – Boston 1796-1802

Seat: Portmore House, Weybridge, Surrey (acq. by mar. 1696, sold 1835) Titles: Baron Portmore and Blackness 1699-1835 S; Baron Colyear and Viscount Milsington 1703-1835 S; Baronet 1677-1835 Peers: [1 peer 1700-07] 2 Scottish Rep peers 1713 1743-47 2 KT 18th Notes: 1 Earl in ODNB.

Dawkins

Origins: The father of the first MP was one of the first settlers in in the late 16th century, where the family came to own 25,000 acres by the mid-18th century. The daughter of the 2 Earl of Portmore married Henry Dawkins. Her eldest son succeeded to the Portmore estates on the death of the 4 Earl in 1835.

1. James Dawkins – New Woodstock 1734-47 2. James Dawkins – Hindon 1754-57 282 List of Parliamentary Families

3. Henry Dawkins – Southampton 1760-68 Chippenham 1769-74 Hindon 1776-80 Chippenham 1780-84 4. James Dawkins-Colyear – Chippenham 1784-1806 1807-12 Hastings 1812-16 Wilton 1831-32 5. Henry Dawkins – Boroughbridge 1806-08 Aldborough 1812-14 6. Henry Dawkins – Boroughbridge 1820-30

Seats: Over Norton Park, Oxfordshire (purch. 1726, rebuilt 1879, still own); Standlynch Park, Wiltshire (built 1731-33, purch. 1766 for £22,000, rebuilt c. 1766-70, sold 1814); Laverstoke House, Hampshire (built late 16th c., purch. 1754 for £9,500, sold 1759) Estates: Bateman 2512 (E) 4010; an income of possibly £60,000 pa in the mid-18th century from the Jamaica plantations (ODNB); Rubinstein – Henry Dawkins left £150,000 in probate 1814. Over Norton estate today is 400 acres. Notes: One in ODNB.

COMPTON [Clephane, MacLean] ENGLAND & SCOTLAND

Marquess of Northampton (1812- UK)

Origins: Held Compton Wynyates possibly since the Conquest, certainly there by 1204. First MP 1331 for Warwickshire. Four additional MPs 1563-1643. Baron 1527. Earl 1618. The Comptons inherited the vast commercial fortune and of Sir John Spencer (Lord Mayor of London 1594) in 1610.

1. Sir William Compton – Cambridge 1661-63 2. Sir Charles Compton – Northampton 1661 3. Sir Francis Compton – Warwick 1664-79 4. Spencer Compton 1 Earl of Wilmington – Eye 1698-1710 East Grinstead 1713-15 Sussex 1715-28 5. James Compton 5 Earl of Northampton – Warwickshire 1710-11 6. George Compton 6 Earl of Northampton – Tamworth 1727 Northampton 1727-54 7. Charles Compton – Northampton 1754-55 8. Spencer Compton 8 Earl of Northampton – Northampton 1761-63 9. Charles Compton 1 – Northampton 1784-96 10. Spencer Compton 2 Marquess of Northampton – Northampton 1812-20 11. William Compton 5 Marquess of Northampton – Warwickshire 1885-86 Barnsley Div. W. R. Yorkshire 1910-11 12. Lord Alwyne Compton – N. Div. Bedfordshire 1895-1906 Brentford Div. Middlesex 1910-11

Seats: , Northamptonshire (medieval, purch. 1512, rebuilt 1574, remod. c. 1589 and 1624-34, remod. 1705-22, still own); Compton Wynyates, Warwickshire (acq. List of Parliamentary Families 283

by 1204, built late 15th c., rebuilt early 16th c., still own); Torloisk, Argyllshire (built 1770s, inher. by mar. c. 1840, remod. 1850-60, still own); Canonbury House, Middlesex (medieval, rebuilt 1509-32, acq. by Spencer family 1570, passed to Comptons by mar. of 1599, leased most of the time thereafter, partially demolished 1770s, house sold c. 1945 but surrounding urban property still owned by Comptons); Compton Place, Sussex (acq. 1618 and built by 1 Earl of Wilmington 1726-29, passed by mar. 1782 to Cavendishes) Estates: Bateman 23501 (E & S) 23870. Worth £50,000,000 in 1990. Owned 30,000 acres in 2001. Owned extensive London property in Canonbury and Islington that rose greatly in value from the mid-19th c. Titles: Baron Compton 1527- E (passed to the Marquesses Townshend); Earl of Northampton 1618- E; Earl of Wilmington 1730-43 GB; Baron Wilmington and Earl Compton 1812- UK Peers: 13 peers 1660-81 1685-1727 1711-1945 1728-43 5 Lds Lt 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th 1 in Cabinet 1730-43 3 KG 18th, 19th, 20th Notes: Earl of Wilmington and 2 Earl and 2 Marquess of Northampton and seven others in ODNB.

Compton

Origins: A cadet line descended from a younger son in the 17th century.

1. Henry Compton – S. Hampshire 1835-57 2. Francis Compton – S. Hampshire 1880-85 New Forest Div. Hampshire 1885-92 3. Henry Compton – New Forest Div. Hampshire 1905-06

Seat: Minstead Manor, Hampshire (acq. by mar. c. 1500, rebuilt 1719, add. 1802, demolished and sold 1949) Estates: Bateman 4876 (E) 6411

Clephane

Origins: The 2 Marquess married the daughter and heiress of William Clephane MacLean and succeeded to their Scottish estates. David Clephane MP was 21st laird in his family lineage.

1. William Clephane MacLean – Kinross-shire 1802-03 2. David Clephane – Kinross-shire 1803-06 1807-11 284 List of Parliamentary Families

Seats: Kirkness House, Kinross-shire (medieval, acq. by Clephanes in the 1780s by mar. from the Douglases who acq. it in the 16th c., passed by inheritance to the Marquess of Northampton in the 19th c. and sold 1900, roof removed 1920, ruin); Torloisk, Argyllshire (inher. by mar. from the MacLeans 1790, passed to the Comptons 1840, see above)

Baron MacLean of Duart (1971-90 UKLife)

Origins: The MacLeans were warriors seated at Duart on Mull by the 14th century. The chief was killed at Flodden in 1513. First [MP 1628]. The Clephanes married a Maclean heiress to Torloisk in the 18th century, a cadet (c. 1600) of Duart.

1. Lachlan MacLean – [Argyllshire 1685-86] 2. Donald MacLean – Oxford 1835-47

Seats: Duart Castle, Argyllshire (medieval MacLean fortress, remod. 16th and 17th c., held by Campbells after 1691, ruin, repurch. 1911 and restored, still own); Brolas(s) (Brollace), Argyllshire (acq. mid-17th c., lost to Campbells in 1691) Baronet 1631- 1 Ld Lt 20th Notes: The MacLean of Duart estates were forfeited in 1691. The MacLeans of Duart have a family entry in the ODNB and a further four members of the family are also listed.

CONNER (O’Conner, O’Connor) IRELAND

Origins: Descended from a London merchant in the 18th century. Married the sister of the 1 Viscount Longueville (see Longfield), who was an heiress in her own right.

1. William Conner – {Bandon 1761-66} 2. Arthur O’Conner – {Philipstown 1790-95} 3. Feargus O’Connor – County Cork 1832-35 Nottingham 1847-52

Seat: Connerville, Cork (purch. 1703, built 1727, sold 1842, later called Carrigmore House); Fort Robert, Cork (built 1788, deserted by 1854, ruin by late 19th c.) Estates: Worth £5,000 pa in 1761. Notes: Arthur O’Conner was a rebel and exile. Feargus became a leading Chartist. Four members of the family in ODNB. List of Parliamentary Families 285

CONNOCK (Cannock)

Origins: A yeoman and tanner was appointed Receiver of the (a royal official) and acquired property at the Dissolution. First MP 1554. Another MP 1593-1614.

1. John Connock – 1660 2. John Connock – Liskeard 1679 1685-87

Seat: Tregworgey House, Cornwall (medieval, purch. mid-16th c., rebuilt 18th c., passed by mar. 1757 to Marshall family who took the additional name Connock, fire 1938 and sold)

CONYERS

Origins: Originally from Durham and Yorkshire, the family came south to London in the 17th century and became merchants, then a lawyer, appointed a judge 1654. First MP 1614. Progressively entered the gentry.

1. Tristram Conyers – Maldon 1660 2. John Conyers – East Grinstead 1695-1708 1710-25 West Looe 1708-10 3. Edward Conyers – East Grinstead 1725-27 1734-41 4. John Conyers – Reading 1747-54 Essex 1772-75

Seat: Copt (Copped) Hall, Essex (built 16th c., purch. c. 1740, rebuilt 1753-58, remod. 1775-77, add. c. 1795, sold, fire 1916, ruin) Notes: The medieval family has an entry in the ODNB.

COOKE I [Davies] ENGLAND & WALES

Cooke

Origins: Leading merchants in Doncaster 16th and 17th centuries. One was a barrister in the first half of the 17th century. The merchant father of the 1 Baronet purchased landed estates in the 1650s.

1. Sir George Cooke 3 Bt – Aldborough 1698-1700 2. Sir Bryan Cooke 4 Bt – East Retford 1711-13

Seats: Wheatley Hall, Yorkshire (purch. c. 1650, built c. 1680-83, abandoned c. 1914, golf club, demolished 1934); Ranby Hall, Lincolnshire (resident 18th c.); Campsmount, Yorkshire (inher. 1802, abandoned 1920s, demolished 1959) Estates: Bateman 3638 (E) 6228; cadet at Campsmount 2894 (E) 4240 Title: Baronet 1661- 286 List of Parliamentary Families

Cooke

Origins: Descended from a younger son of the 2 Baronet. Inherited Davies (medieval family) estates in Wales early 19th c. and took the name Davies-Cooke.

1. Bryan Cooke – Malton 1798-1807 1808-12

Seats: Owston Hall, Yorkshire (purch. 1685, sold 1981, golf club); Hafod-y-Wern, Denbighshire (Puleston estate, passed by mar. to Cookes early 19th c., became a farm house c. 1820); Gwysaney, Flintshire (medieval Davies seat passed via an heiress to Pulestons of Hafod-y-Wern 1785, and by a Puleston heiress to the Cookes early 19th c., still own) Estates: Bateman 6862 (E & W) 12740. Estate reduced to 500 acres in the later 20th c. (Sayer, The Disintegration of a Heritage, 120) Notes: Estates in Wales in the 19th c. included lead and coal mines, potteries and brick- works.

Davies

Origins: Seated “time out of mind” at Gwysaney, Flintshire (at least since the 13th century). (Country Life, 93, p. 880) The male line became extinct 1785. The estates passed via an heiress to Mary Davies who married Philip Puleston of Hafod-y-Wern. Their daughter Frances married Bryan Cooke MP of Owston.

1. Mutton Davies – Flintshire 1678-81

Seats: Gwysaney, Flintshire (medieval, see above); Llannerch Park, Denbighshire (built c. 1600, acq. by mar. 17th c., passed out of family by mar. 1785) Notes: Llannerch Park belonged to Sir Peter Mutton, Chief Justice of Wales in the early 17th century and passed to another heiress after 1785. Family settled in Flintshire in the 14th c. Held 2,000 acres in 1565. One Mutton MP 1604-24.

COOKE II

Origins: Founded by a successful draper, Lord Mayor of London, and Kt in the 15th century. Purchased Gidea Hall, Essex c. 1460. First MP 1460. Five additional MPs 1553-1640, several kts of the shire. A cadet line established itself at Highnam Court. First MP (and Kt) 1597.

1. William Cooke – Gloucester 1679 1689-95 2. William Cooke – Gloucester 1705-09 List of Parliamentary Families 287

Seats: Highnam Court, Gloucestershire (medieval house, acq. in 1605 by mar. of 1597, damaged 1643, rebuilt 1658, passed to Guise family via an heiress after 1747); Gidea Hall, Essex (purch. c. 1460, built 15-16 c., sold 17th c., demolished 1930) Estates: Worth c. £1,000 pa in 1660. Notes: Family extinct in the male line 1747. Estates passed via an heiress to the Guise Baronets, who purchased the interest of the other co-heiress to Highnam.

COOPER IRELAND

Origins: A soldier settled in Ireland and acquired estates from the mid-17th century. Sheriff 1698.

1. Joshua Cooper – {County Sligo 1719-57} 2. Joshua Cooper – {Castlebar 1761-68 County Sligo 1768-83} 3. Joshua Cooper – {County Sligo 1790-1800} 1801-06 4. Edward Cooper – County Sligo 1806-30 5. Edward Cooper – County Sligo 1830-41 1857-59 6. Edward Cooper – County Sligo 1865-68 7. Bryan Cooper – S. Dublin 1910 {TD 1923-30}

Seats: , Sligo (acq. and built 1650s, rebuilt 18th c., add 1802 and 1866, still resident 1950s, later derelict, hotel); Boden Park, Westmeath Estates: Bateman 35238 (I) 12735. Worth £3,334 pa in 1785. Holdings reduced to 1,000 acres in 20th century. 1 Ld Lt 19th-20 th Notes: Four in ODNB.

COOTE [Nanfan] IRELAND & ENGLAND

Earl of Mountrath (1661-1802 I)

Origins: The 1 Baronet came from Norfolk to Ireland early in the 17th century as a military adventurer and later official. It was said of him that he “uniformly appears on the empurpled stage of civil contest as an avenging spirit, dealing forth woe and desolation.” (Country Life, 154, p. 703) He acquired estates and operated ironworks. He died at the Battle of Trim 1642 after having acquired vast estates. First {MP 1634} and additional {MP 1642}.

1. Chidley Coote – {County Galway 1661-66} 2. Charles Coote 2 Earl of Mountrath – {County Roscommon 1661} 3. Thomas Coote – {Dublin 1692-93 County Monaghan 1723-27 1733-41} 4. Chidley Coote – {Kilmallock 1695-99} 288 List of Parliamentary Families

5. Chidley Coote – {County Sligo 1713-19} 6. Sir Philips Coote – {Kilmallock 1713-14} 7. Henry Coote 5 Earl of Mountrath – Knaresborough 1715-20 8. Charles Coote – {Castlemartyr 1715-27} 9. Algernon 6 Earl of Mountrath – {Jamestown 1715-20} Castle Rising 1724-34 Hedon 1742-44 10. Charles Coote – {Granard 1723-27 County Cavan 1727-50} 11. Charles Coote 2 Baron Castle Coote – {Queen’s County 1776-83 Maryborough 1783-97 Queen’s County 1797-1800} 1801-02 12. Sir Charles Coote 9 Bt – Queen’s County 1821-47 1852-59

Seats: Ballyfin, Queen’s County (built 1778, purch. 1812, rebuilt 1821-26, sold 1923, now college); Woodhill, Hertfordshire; Castle Cuffe, Queen’s County (owned 17th c.); (West?) Dereham Abbey, Norfolk (acq. mid-18th c., passed out of family 1802, demolished c. 1810); Ash Hill, Limerick (acq. later 17th c., sold 1794); Mount Coote, Limerick (acq. and built 18th c., remod. 19th c., sold c. 1925) Estates: Bateman 49686 (I) 19255 and 2840 (I) 3050 Titles: Baron Castle Coote 1800-27 I; Baronet 1621- Peers: {6 peers 1661-72 1692-1709 1711-20 1723-44 1753-1800} 1 in Cabinet Council 1696-97 Notes: On the death of the last Earl the estates were divided. The Baronetcy descended to a line founded by a younger son of the 1 Baronet. Two in ODNB.

Coote

Origins: Descended from a younger brother of the 2 Earl of Mountrath.

1. Sir Eyre Coote – Leicester 1768-74 Poole 1774-80 2. Sir Eyre Coote – {Ballynakill 1790-97 Maryborough 1797-1800} Queen’s County 1802-06 Barnstaple 1812-18 3. Eyre Coote – Clonmell 1830-32

Seats: West Park, Wiltshire (purch. 1762, resident into 20th c., demolished c. 1945); Portrane House, Queen’s County (built mid-18th c., sold 1925) Estates: Bateman 13282 (E & I) 12695. Worth £2,000 pa in 1779. Notes: Two in ODNB.

Earl of Bellomont (1689-1766 I) and Earl of Bellamont (1767-1800 I)

Origins: Descended from a younger son of the father of the first Coote Baronet who became a judge. Acquired confiscated O’Reilly estates in 1662. List of Parliamentary Families 289

1. Thomas Coote – {County Cavan 1661-71} 2. Richard Coote – {County Kilkenny 1692-93} 3. Richard Coote 1 Earl of Bellomont – Droitwich 1689-95 4. Charles Coote 1 Earl of Bellamont – {County Cavan 1761-66} 5. Guy Coote – {Clonmell 1769-83}

Seats: Bellamont Forest (Coote Hill), Cavan (acq. mid 17th c., built 1720s, remod. 1775, sold 1874); Coloony (Collooney), Sligo (acq. 17th c., sold 1729); Birtsmorton, Worcestershire (acq. by mar. 1764, fire, sold 1771) Estates: Worth £2,500 pa in 1677. 5,321 acres worth £6,504 in mid-19th c. Titles: Baron Coote 1660-1766 I; Baron Coloony (Collooney) 1764-1800 I; Baronet 1774- 1897 Peers: {5 peers 1661-82 1696-1701 1707-1800} Notes: Legitimate male line died out 1874. The baronetcy was conferred on an illegitimate line, which died out in poverty in 1897. One in ODNB.

Nanfan

Origins: The Nanfans, a Cornish family, held Birtsmorton from the reign of Henry VI. First MP 1426. Four additional MPs 1445-1656, including three kts of the shire. The male line became extinct in 1764. A daughter and heiress married the 1 Earl of Bellamont, whose son succeeded to the Nanfan estates.

1. Bridges Nanfan – Worcestershire 1681 Worcester 1685

Seats: Birts Morton (Birtsmorton), Worcestershire (built 14th c., acq. mid-16th c., remod. c. 1580, passed to Earls of Bellamont 1764); Trethewell, Cornwall (purch. mid-15th c., passed out of the family by mar.) Notes: Two in ODNB.

COPE ENGLAND & IRELAND

Cope

Origins: Settled in Northamptonshire in the 14th century. Royal officials and courtiers under the Tudors from Henry VII onwards. First MP 1397 for Northamptonshire. Six further MPs 1491-1625, including three kts of the shire. Bt 1611.

1. Sir Anthony Cope 4 Bt – 1660 Oxfordshire 1661-75 2. Sir John Cope 5 Bt – Oxfordshire 1679-81 1689-90 Banbury 1699-1700 3. Jonathan Cope – Stafford 1690-94 290 List of Parliamentary Families

4. Sir John Cope 6 Bt – Erle 1705-08 Tavistock 1708-27 Hampshire 1727-34 Lymington 1734-41 5. Sir Jonathan Cope 1 Bt – Banbury 1713-22 6. Sir Monoux Cope 7 Bt – Banbury 1722-27 Newport (IoW) 1741-47 7. John Cope – Queenborough 1722-27 Liskeard 1727-34 Orford 1738-41 8. James Cope – Downton 1754-56

Seats: Bramshill Park, Hampshire (built 1605-12, acq. 1700, remod. 18th c., sold 1936); Hanwell Hall (Castle), Oxfordshire (acq. 1498, built c. 1510, pulled down 1778); Bruern Abbey, Oxfordshire (medieval, purch. 1593, rebuilt c. 1710-20, fire 1780, estates divided among heiresses 1781, rebuilt) Estates: Bateman 5442 (E) 6797 Titles: Baronet 1611- ; 1714-1821 Notes: The list above includes cadets from Ranton Abbey, Staffordshire (demolished 1992), Orton Longueville, Oxfordshire, and Bruern Abbey, Oxfordshire. Three in ODNB.

Cope

Origins: A younger son of Sir Anthony Cope 1 Bt emigrated to Ireland and established a family at Loughgall in the 17th c. Sheriff 1736.

1. Robert Cope – {Lisburn 1711-13 County Armagh 1713-14 1727-53} 2. Henry Cope – {Donegal 1779-83 Philipstown 1783-90 Tulsk 1790-97} 3. Robert Cope – {County Armagh 1799-1800} 1801-02

Seat: The Manor, Loughgall, Armagh (acq. 1st half 17th c., burned 1643, add. 1840, passed to descendents who sold out in 1947) Estates: Bateman 9367 (I) 12463

CORBET [Kynaston] ENGLAND & WALES

Viscount Corbet (1679-82 E)

Origins: The Corbets had estates in Normandy, and were in Shropshire before the Conquest. Granted large estates 1070-71. First MP 1290. At least two dozen MPs 1309-1654 including the Norfolk branch (see below). Summoned as a Baron c. 1295 (tile extinct 1347). Numerous of the MPs were kts of the shire for Shropshire.

1. Sir Vincent Corbet 2 Bt – Shropshire 1679-80 2. Richard Corbet – Shropshire 1701-05 3. Andrew Corbet – Shrewsbury 1715-22 List of Parliamentary Families 291

Seats: Castle, Shropshire (acq. 1239, castle built, rebuilt 1570s-80s, resident until mid-18th c., ruin, still own); Acton Reynald, Shropshire (built 17th c., add. 17th c., passed to Knyastons 1688, leased as school); Stanwardine Hall, Shropshire (acq. by mar., built 1580s, sold early 18th c., became a farm house) Estates: Bateman 7080 (E) 8548. The Moreton estate reached 12,000 acres by 1600 with a further 7,000 acres in other counties. Peers: 1 peer 1679-82 Titles: Baronet 1642-1788; 1808-1996 Notes: The story that a Corbet fought at Hastings is not supported by any evidence. It is possible that they were the hereditary standard bearers of the Dukes of Normandy from the time of Rollo, but, again, this cannot be proved. (Meisel, Barons of the Welsh Frontier 1066-1272, p. 3ff and 60ff.) Two in ODNB.

Corbet

Origins: A cadet of the Moreton . First MP 1604. An additional MP 1640.

1. Sir Robert Corbet 4 Bt – Shropshire 1705-10 1715-22 2. Sir William Corbet 5 Bt – Montgomery 1728-41 Ludlow 1741-48

Seat: Adderley Hall, Shropshire (acq. by marriage to Gratewood heiress, principal seat from early 17th century, fire mid-19th c., rebuilt 1877-81, demolished 1955) Estates: Bateman 8983 (E) 14008 Titles: Baronet 1627-1750; 1786-1823 Notes: Two in ODNB.

Corbet

Origins: Descended from a younger son of Vincent Corbet of Moreton Corbet (d. 1606).

1. Thomas G. Corbet - N. Lincolnshire 1835-37

Seats: Darnhall, Cheshire (acq. by mar. later 16th c., sold 17th c., repurch. early 18th c., sold 1860); Elsham Hall, Lincolnshire (built early 17th c., rebuilt 1760, inher. by mar. from Thompsons (see Thompson II) 1788, passed by mar. to Astleys in 19th c.) Estates: 1,700 acres in Cheshire in 1860.

Corbet

Origins: Descended from a younger son of Roger Fitz-Corbet in the 12th century.

1. John Corbet – Shrewbury 1775-80 292 List of Parliamentary Families

Seat: Sundorne Castle, Shropshire (built c. 1740, add. early 19th c., mostly demolished 1955)

Corbet

Origins: A cadet of the Moreton Corbet line. The male line became extinct in 1774. The estates passed to a kinsman named Flint who took the name Corbet and then to a nephew, Jospeh Plumley. His family also took the name Corbet in 1804.

1. Sir Richard Corbet 2 Bt – Shrewsbury 1677-81 2. Sir Richard Corbet 4 Bt – Shrewsbury 1723-27 1734-54 3. Panton Corbet – Shrewsbury 1820-30 4. Edward Corbet – S. Div. Shropshire 1868-77

Seats: Longnor Hall, Shropshire (held since reign of Henry VI, medieval, rebuilt 1670, sold 1948, but see Acton); Leighton, Montgomery Estates: Bateman 4767 (E & W) 5920. Owned 15,000 acres in 2001. Title: Baronet 1642-1774

Corbet

Origins: Cadet line of the Moreton Corbets. Settled in Norfolk in the 16th c. First MP 1607. One other MP 1624-26.

1. Miles Corbet – Great Yarmouth 1628 1640-55 1660

Seat: Sprowston Hall, Norfolk (acq. 1545, built 1560, sold c. 1661, now hotel) Title: Baronet 1623-61 Notes: Miles Corbet was executed 1662 as a regicide. Two in ODNB.

Kynaston

Origins: The Kynastons, descended from the 11th century Princes of Powys (Bindoff, The House of Commons, II, 486), were settled in Shropshire in the 14th century. First MP 1512. Five additional MPs 1554-1621. John Kynaston married the daughter of the 2nd Corbet Bt of Moreton Corbet and inherited Acton Reynald in 1688.

1. Edward Kynaston – Shrewsbury 1679-81 1685-87 2. Edward Kynaston – Shropshire 1685-87 1689-99 3. John Kynaston – Shrewsbury 1695-1709 Shropshire 1710-15 1722-27 4. Corbet Knyaston – Shrewsbury 1714-23 Shropshire 1734-40 5. Edward Kynaston – Bishop’s Castle 1734-41 Montgomeryshire 1747-72 List of Parliamentary Families 293

6. William Kynaston – Shrewsbury 1734-49 7. Sir John Kynaston-Powell 1 Bt – Shropshire 1784-1822

Seats: Hardwick Hall, Shropshire (built c. 1720, passed by mar. to Owens in 1868 who took name Kynaston, still own); Acton Reynald, Shropshire (inher. by mar. 1688, rebuilt 1800, now school); Garth, Montgomeryshire; Hordley, Shropshire (medieval, acq. by mar. 15th c., abandoned for Hardwick 1712, became a farm house); Bryngwyn Hall, Montgomeryshire (passed to Mostyns early 18th c.); Ruyton Hall, Shropshire (built 1574, acq. 1707, passed to Corbets 1740) Estates: Bateman 4484 (E & W) 6390 Title: Baronet 1818-66 Notes: The Knyaston’s inherited Moel-y-Garth, Montgomeryshire from the Lloyds on the death of the last Bt in 1743 (Bt 1661-1743). The Lloyds were an ancient Welsh family. One fought at Agincourt. (Dictionary of Welsh Biography, 572) First MP 1545. Three further MPs 1554-1659. One in ODNB.

CORDELL [Firebrace]

Cordell

Origins: The founder was a noble servant who married the boss’s heiress. His son was a lawyer and businessman, a founder of the Russia Company. He was granted arms 1548 and acquired former monastic property in 1554. First MP 1553 was Speaker of the House of Commons. One additional MP 1558.

1. Sir Robert Cordell 1 Bt – Sudbury 1662-79 2. Sir John Cordell 2 Bt – Sudbury 1685-87 Suffolk 1689-90 3. Sir John Cordell 3 Bt – Sudbury 1701

Seat: Melford Hall, Suffolk (purch. 1554, built 1550s-60s, passed to Firebraces 1704) Estates: Worth £3500 pa in 1710. Title: Baronet 1660-1704 Notes: One in ODNB.

Firebrace

Origins: Father of the 1 Bt was a London vintner. The 1 Baronet acquired estates by marriage. The sister and heiress of the 3rd Cordell Bt married Sir Charles Firebrace 2 Bt and succeeded to the Cordell estates.

1. Sir Basil Firebrace 1 Bt – Chippenham 1690-92 2. Sir Cordell Firebrace 3 Bt – Suffolk 1735-59 294 List of Parliamentary Families

Seats: The Old Hall, Stoke Golding, Leicestershire (purch. 1678, sold later 18th c., demolished 1850); Melford Hall, Suffolk (inher. by mar. 1704, sold 1786) Title: Baronet 1698-1759

CORNEWALL [Amyand, Vaughan] ENGLAND & WALES

Cornewall (Cornwall)

Origins: The founder was the illegitimate son of the Earl of Cornwall, King of the Romans, brother of King Henry III. Granted lands by Edward I. First MP 1369 for Shropshire. Eight additional MPs 1390-1621, most kts of the shire.

1. Humphrey Cornewall – Leominster 1661-79 2. Robert Cornewall – Leominster 1685-87 3. Charles Cornwall – Bewdley 1709-10 Weobley 1715-18 4. Sir Robert De Cornewall 1 Bt – Leominster 1747-54 5. Charles Cornwall – Grampound 1768-74 Winchelsea 1774-80 Rye 1780-89

Seats: Berrington Castle, Herefordshire (acq. by 14th c., sold 1774); Barton Priors, Hampshire (acq. by mar. early 18th c.) Estates: Worth £6,000 pa c. 1660. Title: Baronet (assumed 1746-54) Notes: Three in ODNB.

Cornewall

Origins: Cadet (c.1650s) of the Berrington family.

1. Frederick Cornewall – Montgomery 1771-74 2. Frederick Walker-Cornewall – Leominster 1776-80 Ludlow 1780-83 3. Frederick Cornewall – Bishop’s Castle 1830-31

Seat: Delbury Hall, Shropshire (earlier house rebuilt 1750s, passed out of the family in 1904 as a result of inept legal work – Fisher, The House of Commons, IV, 754) Estates: Bateman 2917 (E) 3398 Notes: One in ODNB.

Cornewall

Origins: Cadet of the Berrington line (17th c.). Edward Cornewall of Breadwardine Castle, Herefordshire married the widow of Sir Roger Vaughan of Moccas. Their eldest son succeded to Moccas and a younger son took the name Vaughan and inherited List of Parliamentary Families 295

Breadwardine. The Vaughans won estates and renown before the reign of Edward III. First MP 1455. At least ten additional MPs in several branches between 1542 and 1614. The grandson of the Moccas line had a daughter who married in 1771 Sir George Amyand 2 Bt, who succeded to Moccas. The Amyands were Huguenot refugees c. 1688. The son of the first exile was a surgeon to George I. His son was an official. However, the founder of the family fortunes was a successful merchant, banker, and West Indian planter who left an estate worth £158,000 and property in the West Indies, created a Baronet 1764. (Country Life, 160, p. 1475)

1. Roger Vaughan – Hereford 1662-72 2. Henry Cornewall – Weobley 1685-87 Hereford 1689-95 Herefordshire 1698-1700 Weobley 1701-08 1710-13 3. Velters Cornewall – Herefordshire 1722-68 4. James Cornewall – Weobley 1732-34 1737-41 5. Henry Cornewall – Hereford 1747-54 6. Sir George Amyand 1 Bt – Barnstaple 1754-66 7. Sir George Amyand Cornewall 2 Bt – Herefordshire 1774-96 1802-07 8. John Amyand – Camelford 1774-80 9. Claudius Amyand – Tregony 1747-54 Sandwich 1754-56

Seat: Moccas Court, Herefordshire (built 1775-81, family departed 1916, sold 1940) Estates: Bateman 7314 (E) 8104 Title: Baronet 1764-1962 Notes: One Cornewall in ODNB.

CORRANCE

Origins: Acquired a small estate in Essex and granted arms 1620. The first MP was the son of a merchant tailor in London.

1. John Corrance – Aldeburgh 1679-81 2. Clement Corrance – Orford 1708-22 3. Frank White Corrance – E. Suffolk 1867-74

Seats: Parham Hall, Suffolk (purch. 1687, sold 1921?); Rougham Hall, Suffolk (built 16th c., purch. c. 1705 sold 1792, still owned mid-19th c., bombed 1940) Notes: Frank White married 1782 the Corrance heiress and took the name Corrance in 1837 on succeeding to the estates. 296 List of Parliamentary Families

CORRY IRELAND

Origins: The first MP was a merchant in Newry. His son Isaac, also an MP, was a barrister and Chancellor of the Exchequer in Ireland 1799.

1. Edward Corry – {Newry 1774-76} 2. Isaac Corry – {Newry 1776-1800} Dundalk 1801-02 Newry 1802-06 Newport (IoW) 1806-07 3. Edward Corry – {Randalstown 1794-97} 4. Thomas Corry – County Monaghan 1807-12 1813-18

Seats: , Down (acq. 1771, built c. 1780s, sold 1810, NT 1952); Rockcorry Castle, Monaghan; Castle, Cavan (acq. by mar. 1793, sold 1814) Notes: One in ODNB.

CORYTON

Origins: Landed family in Devon by the reign of Henry III. First MP 1558. An additional MP 1624-41.

1. Sir John Coryton 1 Bt – Callington 1660 Cornwall 1661-79 Callington 1679 Launceston 1679-80 2. Sir John Coryton 2 Bt – Newport 1679 Callington 1685 1689-90 3. Sir William Coryton 3 Bt – Bossiney 1679 Newport 1679-81 Callington 1681 1685-87 Mitchell 1689 Callington 1695-1701 1703-11 4. Sir John Coryton 4 Bt – Callington 1713-22 1727-34

Seat: Pentillie Castle, Cornwall (built 1698, add. 1810, part demolished 1968, still own); Newton Ferrers House, Cornwall (acq. by mar. 1314, rebuilt 1686-95, part passed by mar. to Helyers 1739, sold 1834) Estates: Bateman 9385 (E) 9944. 9,000 acres in 1603. Title: Baronet 1662-1739 Notes: One in ODNB.

COSBY (Crosbie) IRELAND

Baron Sydney (1768-74 I)

Origins: To Ireland in 1548 as a soldier and official. Acquired monastic land and married well. First {MP 1559}. One additional {MP 1639}. Sheriff 1702. List of Parliamentary Families 297

1. Dudley Cosby – {Queen’s County 1703-29} 2. Dudley Cosby 1 Baron Sydney – {Carrick 1763-68}

Seat: , Queen’s County (acq. 1562, new house 1699, add. 1714, add. 1730s, demolished 1768, new house 1772, add. 1866-69, still own) Estates: Bateman 10110 (I) 7077. Worth £1,200 pa in 1713. Peer: {1 peer 1768-74} Notes: Six in ODNB.

COTES

Origins: Medieval gentry, possibly very ancient. At Cotes from an early period.

1. John Cotes – Lichfield 1708-15 2. Charles Cotes – Tamworth 1735-41 1742-47 3. Thomas Cotes – Great Bedwyn 1761-67 4. John Cotes – Wigan 1782-1802 Shropshire 1806-21 5. John Cotes – N. Shropshire 1832-34 6. Charles Cotes – Shrewsbury 1874-85

Seats: Woodcote Hall, Shropshire (acq. by 1450 and built c. Henry VIII, rebuilt early 19th c. fire c. 1875, sold after fire, rebuilt late 1870s); Cotes, Shropshire (owned from the Middle Ages into 20th c.) Estates: Bateman 6470 (E) 8860

COTTER IRELAND

Origins: In Ireland from the 15th century. The first {MP} was a Governor in the West Indies and attended James II’s Parliament of 1688. He was executed for treason in 1720. His son created a Baronet 1763.

1. Sir James Cotter 1 Bt – {Askeaton 1761-68} 2. Sir James Cotter 2 Bt – {Taghmon 1771-76 Mallow 1783-90 Castlemartyr 1790-1800} 3. Rogerson Cotter – {Charleville 1783-1800} 4. Sir James Cotter 3 Bt – Mallow 1812-18

Seats: Rockforest, Cork (acq. 1679, rebuilt late 18th c., sold 1916, half demolished); Annegrove (Ballinsperrig), Cork (acq. c. 1600, built late 17th c., sold 1720, demolished c. 1965) Estates: Bateman 7873 (I) 2461 Title: Baronet 1763- Notes: The 2 Bt was a partner in a Cork bank that failed in 1807. Family lived in England 20th c. Three in ODNB. 298 List of Parliamentary Families

COTTON I [Salusbury, Van] ENGLAND & WALES

Viscount Combermere (1827- UK)

Origins: Minor gentry rose as Comptroller of the Royal Household under Henry VIII. A major purchaser of monastic land.

1. Sir Robert Cotton 1 Bt – Cheshire 1679-81 1689-1702 2. Sir Robert Salusbury Cotton 3 Bt – Cheshire 1727-34 Lostwithiel 1741-47 3. Sir Lynch Salusbury Cotton 4 Bt – Denbighshire 1749-74 4. Sir Robert Salusbury Cotton 5 Bt – Cheshire 1780-96 5. Stapleton Cotton 1 – Newark 1806-14 6. Wellington Cotton 2 Viscount Combermere – Carrickfergus 1847-59 7. Sir Edward Cotton-Jodrell – Wirral Div. Cheshire 1885-1900

Seats: , Cheshire (medieval, acq. c. 1540, built 1563, remod. 1795 and 1814-21, sold 1919); Llewenny (Llewenni, Lleweni), Denbighshire (acq. by mar. 1684, sold 1776, part demolished 19th c., became farm house); Llanwern Park, Monmouthshire (built 1760, acq. by mar. from the Salusburys 19th c., sold 1900, demolished 1952); Reaseheath Hall, Cheshire (built c. 1830, rebuilt 1878, add. 1892, purch. 1904, sold 1920, now an institution); Shallcross Manor (Hall), Derbyshire (Jodrell seat: medieval, rebuilt 17th c., rebuilt 1723-25, passed by mar. to Jodrells c. 1800?, sold 1925, demolished 1968) Estates: Bateman 13679 (E) 30779 Title: Baron Combermere 1814- UK; Baronet 1677- Peers: 4 peers 1814-1945 1 Ld Lt 19th Notes: 1 Viscount and two others in ODNB.

Salusbury

Origins: English family established at Lleweny (Llewnni) in Denbighshire by 1334. In the female line probably descended from the Princes of Gwynedd of the 11th century. (Country Life, 174, 906, 986) Gained Welsh estates during the English conquest. Increased wealth and power through the 15th century and supported the Tudors. Through the profits of office became the richest family in Denbighshire. The sister and heiress of Sir John Salusbury 4 Bt married Sir Robert Cotton 1 Bt, who succeeded to Llewenny in 1684, which was later sold for £110,000. First MP 1542. Eleven other MPs 1545-1640.

1. Sir John Salusbury 4 Bt – Denbigh 1661-81 2. Sir Robert Salusbury 1 Bt – Monmouthshire 1792-96 Brecon 1796-1812 List of Parliamentary Families 299

Seats: Llewenny (Llewenni), Denbighshire (there by 1334, passed to Cottons 1684); Llanwern Park, Monmouthshire (built 1760, acq. by mar. from Van 1778, passed by mar. to Cottons 19th c.) Title: Baronet 1619-84; 1795-1868 Notes: Salusbury family has an entry in ODNB plus four others.

Van

Origins: In Monmouthshire from the 14th century. Held manorial property from the reign of Edward III. Sir Robert Salusbury 1 Bt married Mary Van the heiress of Llanwern by whom it eventually passed to the Cottons.

1. Charles Van – Brecon 1772-78

Seat: Llanwern Park, Monmouthshire (purch. 1630, rebuilt 1760, passed to Salusburys by mar. 1778)

Cotton

Origins: Cadet of the Cottons of Combermere. Inherited Conington Castle in 1460. First MP 1554 for Huntingdonshire. Two additional MPs 1601-40, both for Huntingdonshire.

1. Sir John Cotton 3 Bt – Huntingdon 1661-79 Huntingdonshire 1685-87 2. Sir John Cotton 4 Bt – Huntingdon 1705-06 Huntingdonshire 1710-13

Seats: Conington (Connington) Castle, Huntingdonshire (medieval, acq. by mar. 1460 through medieval owners, rebuilt later 16th c., add. 1620, abandoned and became a ruin by beginning of the 18th c., demolished mid-18th c., acq. by Heathcotes later 18th c., demolished c. 1953); Conington Hall, Cambridgeshire (old house, purch. 1652, rebuilt c. 1700, passed out of family 1781); Stratton Park, Bedfordshire (acq. by mar. 1640, sold 1764) Estate: Worth between £4,000-£9,000 pa c. 1700. Title: Baronet 1611-1752 Notes: The family ended in Jacobite exile post 1745. Notes: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Bts in ODNB.

Cotton

Origins: Cadet of the Cheshire Cottons. 1598.

1. William Cotton – Camelford 1660 300 List of Parliamentary Families

2. John Cotton – Bossiney 1685-87

Seat: Botreaux (Boscastle) Castle, Cornwall (medieval, acq. by mar. 1611, passed out the family 1703, demolished) Estates: Worth £800 pa c. 1673.

COTTON II

Origins: A wealthy London mercer acquired landed estates 1420. First MP 1439, a lawyer, sat for Cambridgeshire. Two additional MPs 1553-1601 both kts of the shire.

1. Sir Robert Cotton – Cambridgeshire 1679-81 1689-95 Newport (IoW) 1695-1700 Truro 1702 2. Sir John Cotton 2 Bt – Cambridge 1689-1702 1705-08 3. Sir John Cotton 3 Bt – Cambridge 1708-22 1727-41 Cambridgeshire 1722-27 Marlborough 1741-52 4. Sir John Cotton 4 Bt – St. German 1741-47 Marlborough 1752-61 Cambridgeshire 1764-80

Seats: Madingley Hall, Cambridgeshire (built 1543-47, add. 1589-96, remod. 1724-34, sold 1871); Hatley St. George (Hatley Park), Cambridgeshire (built 1635-41, acq. after 1641, rebuilt c. 1700, add. c. 1750, passed out of family later 18th c.); Landwade Hall, Cambridgeshire (acq. 15th c., bult 1559, remod. 17th c., main seat until mid-18th c., new house 1846 which was demolished 1870) Estates: 2 Bt had an income of £2,000 pa. Title: Baronet 1641-1863 Notes: Family extinct 1863. 3, 5, 6 Bts in ODNB

COTTON III

Origins: Gentry by the 15th century. First MP 1553 for Hampshire. Another MP 1605- 28, sat for Shropshire.

1. Rowland Cotton – Newcastle-u-Lyme 1699-1706 1708-15

Seats: Alkington Hall, Shropshire (acq. by mar. 15th c., built 1592, sold, became a farm house); Bellaport Hall, Shropshire (medieval, rebuilt early 17th c., acq. 1634, sold 1827, part demolished 19th c., declined into a farm house); Etwall Hall, Derbyshire (acq. by mar. 1695, rebuilt 1713-27, acq. by mar. mid-18th c., sold c. 1920, demolished c. 1955) Notes: Three in ODNB. List of Parliamentary Families 301

COURTENAY [Kelland]

Earl of Devon (1335-1461 E; 1553-56 E; 1831- E)

Origins: The first Courtenay came to England with Eleanor of Aquitaine in 1152 and acquired a great estate. Baron by writ 1299 and Earl in 1335, attainted 1461. Fought at Crecy and Agincourt. Marquess of Exeter 1525-39. First MP 1377. Fifteen additional MPs including twelve kts of the shire. The Earldom of 1553 became dormant in 1556 but was restored in 1831. The heads of the family during this time were de jure Earls of Devon but did not assume the title.

1. Sir 1 Bt (15 ) – Ashburton 1660 1679-81 2. Richard Courtenay – Honiton 1689-90 3. Francis Courtenay – Devon 1689-99 4. George Courtenay – East Looe 1702 Totnes 1708-10 Newport 1710-13 5. Sir William Courtenay 2 Bt (16 Earl of Devon) – Devon 1701-10 1712-35 6. William Courtenay 1 Viscount Courtenay (17 Earl of Devon) – Honiton 1734-41 Devon 1741-62 7. Henry Courtenay – Honiton 1741-47 1754-63 8. Thomas Courtenay – Totnes 1811-32 9. William Courtenay 10 (20) Earl of Devon – Exeter 1812-26 10. William Courtenay 11 (21) Earl of Devon – S. Devon 1841-49 11. Edward Courtenay 12 (22) Earl of Devon – Exeter 1864-68 E. Devon 1868-70

Seats: , Devon (acq. by marriage 1391 and built c. 1392-1406, remod. 1710-27, 1754-56, 1766-70, 1794-98 and 1835-48, still own); Walreddon Manor, Devon (built 15th c., acq. by mar. 1671, sold 1953); , Devon (built c. 1610, acq. by mar. 1648, leased out from 1762, sold 1936); The Castle, Newcastle, Limerick (built 15th c., acq. later 16th c., fell into ruin 17th c.) Estates: Bateman 53075 (E & I) 45520. 21,000 acres in 1630. 4,000 acres in 1968. Titles: Viscount Courtenay 1762-1835 GB; Baronet 1645- Peers: 11 peers 1762-1831 1835-1935 1937-45 1 Ld Lt 18th 1 in Cabinet 1866-67 Notes: Thirteen members of the family in ODNB.

Courtenay

Origins: A younger son of the Earls of Devon married an heiress in the 15th century. First MP 1553.

1. Sir Peter Courtenay – Mitchell 1640 Tregony 1660 302 List of Parliamentary Families

2. Nicholas Courtenay – Saltash 1679 Camelford 1685-87 3. Humphrey Courtenay – Mitchell 1689-96 4. William Courtenay – Mitchell 1701-02 5. Kelland Courtenay – Truro 1734-41 Huntingdon 1747-48

Seats: Trethurfe, Cornwall (acq. by mar. 16th c., passed out of family 1761); Tremeer (Tremere), Devon (acq. by mar. 16th c., passed out of family 1761) Estates: Worth £1,200 pa in 1660.

Kelland

Origins: Totnes merchants who purchased landed estates in the mid-17th century. The Courtenays of Trethurfe succeeded to the Kelland estates by marriage.

1. John Kelland – Totnes 1679 1681 1685 2. Charles Kelland – Totnes 1681

Seat: Painsford, Devon (purch. 1647, passed to Courtenays 1695)

COVENTRY

Earl of Coventry (1697- E)

Origins: London merchants, Lord Mayor 1416. Justice of the Common Pleas purchased estates late 16th century. 1 Baron Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal 1625. First MP 1621. Two other MPs 1625-42.

1. Thomas Coventry 1 – Droitwich 1660 Camelford 1661-79 Warwick 1681 1685-87 2. Sir William Coventry – Great Yarmouth 1661-79 3. – Droitwich 1661-81 4. Sir John Coventry – Weymouth & Melcombe Regis 1667-81 5. William Coventry 5 Earl of Coventry – Bridport 1708-19 6. Thomas Coventry – Bridport 1742-44 7. George Coventry 6 Earl of Coventry – Bridport 1744-47 8. John Coventry-Bulkeley – Worcestershire 1751-61 9. Thomas Coventry – Bridport 1754-80 10. William Coventry 8 Earl of Coventry – Worcestershire 1816-26

Seats: , Worcestershire (purch. 1592, built 1751, sold 1948); Postlip Hall, Gloucestershire (built mid-16th c., purch. 1628, sold 1819); Snitterfield House (Park), Warwickshire (purch. 1668, rebuilt soon afterwards, sold 1816); Earls Croome Court, List of Parliamentary Families 303

Worcestershire (built c. 1600, still own); , Worcestershire (built 18th c., sold 1830) Estates: Bateman 14419 (E) 24878 Title: Baron Coventry 1628-1719 E Peers: 12 peers 1660-1710 1712-1843 1859-1940 5 Lds Lt 18th, 19th, 20th 1 in Cabinet Council 1672-80 Notes: Five in ODNB.

COVERT

Origins: Emerged in Sussex in the 13th c. Profited from the iron industry. First MP 1384. Two further MPs 1529-1626, both sat for Sussex.

1. Sir John Covert 1 Bt – Horsham 1661-78

Seat: Slaugham Place, Sussex (acq. and built 1494, new house c. 1600, estates divided among heirs 1679, both MP families, now a ruin) Title: Baronet 1660-79

COWPER [Clavering]

Earl Cowper (1718-1905 GB)

Origins: Father of the 1 Baronet was a London dyer. 1 Earl was Lord Chancellor.

1. James Cowper – Hertford 1656 1659 1660 2. Sir William Cowper 2 Bt – Hertford 1680-81 1689-1700 3. William Cowper 1 Earl Cowper – Hertford 1695-1700 Bere Alston 1701-05 4. Spencer Cowper – Bere Alston 1705-10 Truro 1715-27 5. George Clavering-Cowper 3 Earl Cowper – Hertford 1759-61 6. William Cowper – Hertford 1768-69 7. Edward Cowper – Hertford 1802-17 8. George Cowper 6 Earl Cowper – Canterbury 1830-34 9. William Cowper-Temple 1 Baron Mount-Temple – Hertford 1835-68 S. Hampshire 1868-80 10. Henry Cowper – Hertfordshire 1865-85

Seats: , Hertfordshire (old house, purch. c. 1700, remod. 1704, rebuilt 1806, passed to Lord Desborough 1913, estate broken up and sold from 1919, house sold and demolished 1958); , Hertfordshire (medieval, much demolished 1608, leased 18th c.); Hertingfordbury Park, Hertfordshire (rebuilt mid-17th c., purch. 304 List of Parliamentary Families

1785, sold c. 1920); Brocket Hall, Hertfordshire (old house, rebuilt c. 1765-68, acq. by Cowpers by mar. 1853, sold 1923); Broadlands, Hampshire (built c. 1540, purch. by Temples 1736, rebuilt 1765-74, remod. 1788-92, add. 1859, passed by mar. to Cowpers 1865, passed by mar. in 1922 to Lord Louis Mountbatten, still own); Chopwell Hall, Durham (acq. by mar. 1706, sold c. 1830); Melbourne Hall, Derbyshire (acq. by mar. 1853, passed by mar. 1905 to the Kerrs, Marquises of Lothian) Estates: Bateman 37869 (E) 60392 and 5720 (E) 6333. Estates worth £2,500 pa in 1706. Inherited coal mines in Durham in the 18th c. Titles: Baron Cowper 1706-1905 GB; Baron Mount-Temple 1880-88 UK; Baronet 1642-1905 Peers: 7 peers 1706-23 1730-89 1798-1905 4 Lds Lt 18th, 19th, 20th 2 in Cabinet 1705-08 1714-18 1880-82 1 KG 19th-20 th Notes: The 2 Earl married the heiress to the Barony of Dingwall. The 6 Earl married the Baroness Lucas in her own right. On the extinction of the Earldom in 1905 both baronies passed to the Herberts (see that family). The second son of the 5 Earl Cowper and his wife, the daughter of the 1 Viscount Melbourne, was created Baron Mount- Temple. The 3 Earl Cowper was made a Prince of the Holy Roman Empire. 1, 3 and 7 Earls and four others in ODNB.

Clavering

Origins: A Norman family that emerged to prominence 13th century. Two possible MPs 1386-1406. MP for 1656. 1 Bt a lawyer. Owned colleries. John Clavering left his estates to the 2 Earl Cowper.

1. John Clavering – Great Marlow 1727-31 Penryn 1734-41 2. Sir Thomas Clavering 7 Bt – St. Mawes 1753-54 Shaftesbury 1754-60 County Durham 1768-90

Seats: Axwell Park, Durham (medieval, acq. 1629, rebuilt 1758, sold 1920, institutional use); Chopwell Hall, Durham (acq. by mar. 17th c., passed to Cowpers by mar. 1706); Greencroft Hall, Durham (purch. 1670, demolished 1960); Castle, Northumberland (medieval, acq. by early 15th c., rebuilt 1670s, add. 1707, sold 1877, now flats) Estates: Bateman 13686 (E) 10498 Title: Baronet 1661-1893 Notes: One in ODNB. List of Parliamentary Families 305

Cowper

Origins: Cadet of the Earls Cowper.

1. Henry Cowper – Horsham 1701-07

Seat: Park, Sussex (acq. by mar. 1465, passed out of the family 1725)

COZENS-HARDY

Baron Cozens-Hardy (1914-75 UK)

Origins: The Cozens were farmers who gradually built up an estate that reached 500 acres in the later 18th century. Became lesser gentry and JPs. The first Hardy was a self-made man and Methodist, beginning as a farmer and then brewer. In 1842 his estates and brewery went to his nephew William Cozens, who took the additional name Hardy. (Cannadine, Aspects of Aristocracy, 184ff)

1. Herbert Cozens-Hardy 1 Baron Cozens-Hardy – N. Norfolk 1885-99 2. William Cozens-Hardy 2 Baron Cozens-Hardy – S. Div. Norfolk 1918-20

Seats: Letheringsett Hall, Norfolk (purch. 1803 by Hardys, rebuilt c. 1808, leased out for institutional use 1975, sold 1992); Cley Hall, Norfolk (built c. 1800, purch. by Hardys 1839, sold 1946); Oak Lodge, Norfolk (built 18th c., purch. 1802, add. early 19th c., passed out of family later 19th c.) Estates: Bateman 2929 (E) 3764; 1 Baron left £123,000 in 1920. Peers: 3 peers 1914-45 Notes: 1 Baron Master of the Rolls 1907. 1 Baron in ODNB.

CRADOCK

Origins: Claim old lineage. Father of the first MP was spiritual Chancellor of Durham 1619.

1. Sir Joseph Cradock – Richmond 1661-62 2. Thomas Cradock – Richmond 1679-81 1685-87 3. Sheldon Cradock – Camelford 1822-32

Seats: Cradock Hall, Yorkshire; Hartforth, Yorkshire (acq. 1730, sold 1985, flats); Gainford Hall, Durham (medieval, acq. 1594, new house built c. 1603, abandoned mid- 19th c. and ruinous) Estates: Bateman 4413 (E) 5231. Estates worth £600 pa in 1686. Notes: One in ODNB. 306 List of Parliamentary Families

CRAIGIE SCOTLAND

Origins: Registered arms 1673. 1 Baronet a tacksman to the Earldom of and made a fortune.

1. Hugh Craigie – [Orkney & Zetland 1661-62] 2. Sir William Craigie – [Orkney & Zetland 1681 1689-1701] 3. David Craigie – [Kirkwall Burgh 1681 1685-86]

Seat: Langskaill, Gairsay, Orkney (built c. 1690s, ruin by 1840s) Title: Baronet 1707-c.1760

CRAUFURD (Crawfurd) [Pollock] SCOTLAND

Craufurd

Origins: Medieval origins. The first MP’s father a wealthy merchant who married an heiress.

1. Patrick Craufurd – Ayrshire 1741-54 Renfrewshire 1761-68 2. John Craufurd – Berwick-on-Tweed 1761-64 3. John Craufurd – Old Sarum 1768-74 Renfrewshire 1774-80 Glasgow Burghs 1780-84 1790 4. Sir Patrick Craufurd – Arundel 1781 5. James Craufurd – Horsham 1783-84 6. Edward Craufurd – Ayr District 1852-74

Seat: Auchenames (Auchinames), Renfrewshire (medieval tower house, purch. 1715, sold 1904) Estates: Bateman 3440 (S) 3950 Notes: Two in ODNB.

Craufurd

Origins: Cadet of the Auchenames line (15th c.)

1. Robert Craufurd – East Retford 1802-06 2. Charles Craufurd – East Retford 1806-12

Seats: Newark Castle, Ayrshire (built 16th c., purch. and add. 1687, sold 1763); Kilbirney, Stirlingshire Title: Baronet 1781- Notes: Two in ODNB. List of Parliamentary Families 307

Craufurd

Origins: Cadet of the Newark line.

1. Sir John Crawfurd – [Ayrshire 1644 1661-62]

Seat: Kilbirnie (Old Place of), Ayrshire (built c. 15th c., acq. by mar. 1470, add. c. 1627, fire 1757, became a ruin) Estates: Bateman 3145 (S) 3941 Title: Baronet 1628-62; 1765-1885 Notes: One in ODNB.

Pollock (Pollok)

Origins: The Pollocks, dating to the 12th century, were one of the oldest families in Renfrewshire. The 2nd Crawfurd Bt of Kilbirnie married the Pollock heiress and succeeded to the estates, taking the name Pollock.

1. Sir Robert Pollock 1 Bt – [Renfrewshire 1700-07] Scotland 1707-08 Renfrewshire 1710-22

Seat: Pollock (Pollok) Castle, Renfrewshire (acq. and built medieval period, add. 1686- 94, rebuilt 1710, fire 1882, restored, family depart 1944, demolished 1952) Estates: Bateman 3645 (S) 3941 Title: Baronet 1703-83

CRAVEN

Earl of (1664-97 E 1801- UK)

Origins: The founder began as an apprentice to a merchant tailor second half of the 16th century, and was elected Lord Mayor of London 1610. Purchased estates 1618. His son was a soldier and created a peer 1627. First MP 1640.

1. Robert Craven – Coventry 1710 2. William Craven Lord Craven – Warwickshire 1746-64 3. Thomas Craven – Berkshire 1766-72

Seats: Ashdown House (Park), Berkshire (built 1660s, 1956 NT); Combe (Coombe) Abbey, Warwickshire (medieval abbey converted to house late 16th c., purch. 1622, add. 1682-9, add. 1861-72, sold 1923, part demolished c. 1923, now hotel); Benham Park (Benham-Valence), Berkshire (purch. 1630, built 1775, sold 1801, offices); Winwick 308 List of Parliamentary Families

Manor House, Northamptonshire (built c. 1569, purch. before 1635, remod. c. 1700, rented out later 18th c., part demolished); Hamstead (Hampstead) Marshall (Park), Berkshire (medieval, purch. 1620, rebuilt 1663, fire 1718, rebuilt 1740s (Lodge), remod. 1825, sold 1984) Estates: Bateman 30789 (E) 37593 Titles: Baron Craven 1627-97 E; Baron Craven 1642-67 E; Baron Craven 1666- E Peers: 12 peers 1660-1711 1721-1825 1830-83 1889-1932 1938-45 7 Lds Lt 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th Notes: Five in ODNB.

CRAWLEY

Origins: The founder was a Judge of the Common Pleas 1632, son of a husbandman.

1. Richard Crawley – Wendover 1701-05 2. John Crawley – Marlborough 1737-47 3. Samuel Crawley – Honiton 1818-26 Bedford 1832-41

Seats: Stockwood Park, Bedfordshire (purch. 1708, demolished 1964); Ragnall Hall, Nottinghamshire (built early 17th c., purch. 1790s, sold 1819) Estates: Bateman 8355 (E) 7056. Estates worth £1,000 pa c. 1675. Notes: One in ODNB.

CREWE [Gaskell, Harpur, Milnes, Offley]

Marquess of Crewe (1911-45 UK)

Origins: First MP 1597 was of humble origin, son of a tanner in , who rose as an official and became Chief Justice of the King’s Bench 1625. Kt 1614. Three further MPs 1624-54. A Crewe heiress married John Offley of Madeley Manor, who took the name Crewe in 1709. The Offleys were founded by a merchant tailor in the mid-16th century who purchased estates. Lord Mayor of London and Kt 1557. The heiress of the 2 Baron Crewe married Richard Monckton-Milnes, 1 Baron Houghton (see below). Their son was 1 Marquess of Crewe.

1. Joseph Offley – Rye 1698-1702 2. John Crewe Offley – Newcastle-under-Lyme 1703-04 Cheshire 1704-10 1722-27 3. Crewe Offley – Newcastle-under-Lyme 1706-10 1715-22 Bewdley 1722-34 4. John Crewe – Cheshire 1734-52 5. John Offley – Bedford 1747-54 Orford 1754-68 East Retford 1768-74 6. Charles Crewe – Cheshire 1753-54 7. John Crewe 1 Baron Crewe – Stafford 1765-68 Cheshire 1768-1802 List of Parliamentary Families 309

Seats: , Cheshire (purch. 1609, built 1615-36, remod. c. 1710, remod. 1837-42, fire 1866, rebuilt 1866-71, sold 1931, offices); Madeley Manor, Staffordshire (medieval, purch. by Offley 1547, became a ruin and new house built early 19th c., sold 1936); West Horsley Place, Surrey (medieval, 16th c. and 18th c., purch. 1931, descendents still own) Estates: Bateman 23094 (E) 35888. Offley estates worth £2,500 pa in c. 1662. Titles: Baron Crewe 1806-93 UK; Earl of Crewe 1895-1945 UK Peers: 4 peers 1806-93 1885-1945 1 Ld Lt 20th 1 in Cabinet 1892-95 1905-16 1931 1 KG 20th Notes: 1 Baron and 1 Marquess, five others and one Offley in ODNB.

Baron Houghton (1863-1945 UK)

Origins: The Milnes family emerged in the later 17th century in the woolen trade. They were Unitarian cloth merchants, exporters second only to the Denisons in wealth in the West Riding by the 1770s, when they began to purchase estates. Robert Milnes of Fryston Hall and Bawtry Hall married Henrietta Monckton, daughter of the 4 Viscount Galway (see Monckton). Their son Richard inherited Houghton from his mother (the family taking the additional name Monckton) and married a merchant heiress worth £100,000. (Ward and Wilson, Land and Industry, 162ff.)

1. Richard Milnes – York 1784-1802 2. Robert Milnes – Pontefract 1806-18 3. Richard Monckton Milnes 1 Baron Houghton – Pontefract 1837-63

Seats: Fryston Hall, Yorkshire (purch. 1788, rebuilt c. 1800, sold c. 1914, dismantled 1931); Bawtry Hall, Yorkshire (purch. 1770s, built c. 1785, sold first half 19th c.) Estates: Bateman 7599 (E) 11787 Peer: 1 peer 1863-85 Notes: For the 2 Baron Houghton, 1 Marquess of Crewe, see under Crewe above). Two in ODNB.

Milnes-Gaskell

Origins: Mary Milnes, the daughter and heiress of a younger son, married into the Gaskell family of business origins in the 18th and early 19th centuries.

1. James Milnes – Bletchingley 1802-05 2. Benjamin Gaskell – Maldon 1806-07 1812-26 3. Daniel Gaskell – Wakefield 1832-37 4. James Milnes-Gaskell – Wenlock 1832-68 5. Charles Milnes-Gaskell – Morely Div. W. R. Yorkshire 1885-92 310 List of Parliamentary Families

Seats: Clifton Hall, Lancashire (old house, purch. 1652, rebuilt 18th c., sold after 1911); Wenlock Abbey, Shropshire (medieval, purch. 1857, still own); Thornes House, Yorkshire (Milnes built 1779-81, sold 1919, fire 1951); Lupset Hall, Yorkshire (built 1716) Estates: Bateman 4393 (E) 10732 Notes: One in ODNB.

Baron Crew(e) (1661-1721 E)

Origins: Descended from a younger brother of the first Crewe MP (see above). First MP 1604. He married the heiress of Reginald Bray, who had inherited that estate from Baron Bray(e) (1529-57 E), of an old family with several MPs 1478-1571 (see Cave).

1. John Crew 1 Baron Crew – Amersham 1624 1625 Brackley 1626 Banbury 1628-29 Northamptonshire 1640 Brackley 1640-48 Northamptonshire 1654 1660 2. 2 Baron Crewe – Northamptonshire 1656 Brackley 1659 1660-79

Seat: Stene (Steane) Park, Northamptonshire (medieval, purch. by Bray family 1574, add. late 16th c., passed by mar. to Crewes 1583, sold 1744, became ruinous) Estates: Worth £4,000 pa in 1679 and £6,000 pa in 1697 Peers: 3 peers 1661-1721 Notes: The 1 Baron summoned to Cromwell’s . 1 and 3 Barons in ODNB.

Harpur

Origins: Minor gentry 14th century. First MP 1419 a lawyer and kt of the shire for Staffordshire 1431. Married the heiress to Derbyshire estates in 1558 and became major landowners. Judge 1567. Two additional MPs 1467-1611. The heiress of the 2 Baron Crewe of Stene married the 4 Harpur Bt. The family took the name Crewe in 1818.

1. John Harpur – Derby 1701-05 1710-13 2. Sir Henry Harpur 5 Bt – Worcester 1744-47 Tamworth 1747-48 3. Sir Henry Harpur 6 Bt – Derbyshire 1761-68 4. Sir George Crewe 8 Bt – S. Derbyshire 1835-41

Seats: , Derbyshire (built 16th c., purch. 1622, rebuilt 1620s, add. c. 1650, rebuilt c. 1701, NT 1984, family still resident); Warslow Hall, Derbyshire (built 1515, purch. 1593, rebuilt 1830, sold 20th c.); Manor, Derbyshire (built by Harpurs 1558, remod. 1630-31, demolished 1746, ruins remain, sold 1984); Repton Park, Derbyshire (purch. 1622, built c. 1630, remod. 1811, demolished 1893) Estates: Bateman 28056 (E) 36366. 33,000 acres c. 1700, reduced to 12,300 by the 1970s (Craven and Stanley, The Derbyshire Country House, 51, 53) List of Parliamentary Families 311

Title: Baronet 1626-dormant 1924 Notes: Electricity was not installed at Calke until the 1960s. One in ODNB.

CRIPPS

Baron Parmoor (1899- UK)

Origins: Martin Wiener calls the Crippses “an ancient gentry family” (Wiener, English Culture and the Decline of the Industrial Spirit, 125), but in fact they made their fortune operating cloth mills in the 18th and 19th centuries. In the 19th century they also became brewers, carpet-makers, and bankers while purchasing landed estates.

1. Joseph Cripps – Cirencester 1806-12 1818-41 2. William Cripps – Cirencester 1841-48 3. Charles Cripps 1 – Stroud Div. Gloucestershire 1895-1900 Stretford Div. Lancashire 1901-06 Wycombe Div. Buckinghamshire 1910-14 4. Sir Stafford Cripps – S. Bristol 1931-50 S. E. Bristol 1950

Seats: Parmoor House, Buckinghamshire (purch. 1791, sold 1947); Ampney Park, Gloucestershire (built 1628, purch. 1891, sold 1982) Estates: 2,000 acres c. 1900. Peers: 2 peers 1914-45 2 in Cabinet 1924 1929-31 1942-50 Notes: Four in ODNB.

CROFT

Baron Croft (1940- UK)

Origins: Claim Saxon origin. Established family of substance since the 11th century mentioned in the Domesday Book at Croft. First MP 1307. Kt 13th century. At least ten MPs 1314-1628, four kts of the shire. At least one MP in each of seven centuries from the 14th to the 20th.

1. Sir Herbert Croft 1 Bt – Herefordshire 1679 1690-98 2. Sir Archer Croft 2 Bt – Leominster 1722-27 Bere Alston 1728-34 3. Sir Herbert Croft 9 Bt – Herefordshire 1868-74 4. Henry Croft 1 Baron Croft – Christchurch Div. Hampshire 1910-18 Bournemouth 1910-40

Seat: Croft Castle, Herefordshire (acq. 11th century, castle built 14th c., sold 1746, part rebuilt c. 1760, repurch. 1923, NT 1957) Estates: Worth £2,000 pa in 1661, but not in Bateman. 312 List of Parliamentary Families

Titles: Baronet 1671-; 1924- Peers: 1 peer 1940-45 Notes: 1 Baron and twelve others in ODNB.

CROFTS (Croftes)

Baron Crofts (1658-77 E)

Origins: Said to have held manorial lands since the reign of Edward I. Minor gentry until the 16th century when they acquired Little Saxham. Kt 1553. First MP 1597. Another MP 1624.

1. Sir Henry Crofts – Eye 1624 Derby 1626 Bury St. Edmunds 1660 2. William Crofts – Bury St. Edmunds 1685-87 3. Richard Crofts – Petersfield 1767-68 Downton 1768-71 University of Cambridge 1771-80

Seat: Little Saxham Hall, Suffolk (built 1513, purch. 1551, family departed c. 1730, demolished 1773, estate sold 1789) Estates: Little Saxham estate sold for somewhat over £16,000 in 1789. Title: Baronet 1661-64 Peer: 1 peer 1661-77 Notes: 1 Baron in ODNB.

CROMPTON [Stansfield]

Origins: Bankers and Mayor of Derby in the 18th century. A son of the Mayor became a country gentleman. The uncle of the 1 Bt married the daughter and heiress of William Rookes of Roydes Hall, whose wife was the sister and heiress of Robert Stansfield of Esholt Hall. Their son took the additional name Stansfield.

1. Sir Samuel Crompton 1 Bt – East Retford 1818-26 Derby 1826-30 Thirsk 1834-41 2. Joshua Crompton – Ripon 1832-35 3. William Crompton Stansfield – Huddersfield 1838-53

Seats: Wood End (aka Woodhall and Thornton-le-Street Hall – Old Hall), Yorkshire (built 16th c., purch. 1793, remod. 1828, passed out of family 1850); Esholt Hall (Priory, Park), Yorkshire (Stansfields purch. 1755, acq. by Cromptons by mar. 1786, resident at least until 1936); Buckden Hall, Yorkshire (built mid-18th c., add. 19th c., purch. 1879, sold 1945); Zion (Sion) Hill, Yorkshire (acq. 18th c., sold late 19th or early 20th c.) Title: Baronet 1838-48 Notes: The 1 Baronet’s only surviving child married the 3 Earl of Cathcart, who succeeded to the Yorkshire estates. One in ODNB. List of Parliamentary Families 313

CROMWELL ENGLAND & IRELAND

Earl of Ardglass (1645-87 I)

Origins: The Cromwells were related, but it is not certain how, to Lord Cromwell (cr. 1375, extinct 1455) of Tattersall, Lincolnshire. A cadet line emerged from a Nottinghamshire fuller who went to London c. 1452. His son was a blacksmith in Putney. His son was a solicitor and servant of Cardinal Wolsey who rose to the Earldom of Essex in 1540 as a royal official. His son was created after his father’s attainder. First MP 1523. Two further MPs 1539-89.

1. Vere Essex Cromwell – {County Down 1634 1662}

Seats: Throwlwy (Throwleigh) Hall, Staffordshire (medieval, acq. by mar. mid-17th c., leased out from 1687 and passed out of the family 1709, partially demolished 1830, ruin from 1921); Booncastle (Lecale), Down (purch. and built 1606, sold after 1687) Titles: Baron Cromwell 1536-40 E; Earl of Essex 1540-40 E; Baron Cromwell 1540- 1697 E; Viscount Lecale 1624-87 I Peers: 3 peers 1660-68 1674-87 Notes: 1 Earl of Essex, 3 Baron, 1 Earl of Ardglass and one other in ODNB.

Cromwell

Origins: The sister of the 1 Earl of Essex married Morgan Williams of a Welsh family, innkeepers in Putney, who acquired large estates in Huntingdonshire after the Dissolution but before his brother-in-law’s fall. The family took the name Cromwell. Morgan’s great-grandson was Oliver Cromwell, the . First MP 1563. Eight additional MPs 1572-1657.

1. Henry Cromwell – Huntingdonshire 1654 1656 1659 1660 1661-73

Seats: Bodsey House, Huntingdonshire (medieval monastic buildings, acq. after Dissolution and converted for domestic use by Cromwells, rebuilt c. 1600, sold 1676); Ramsey Abbey, Huntingdonshire (purch. c. 1530s, sold 1676) Notes: The family was in financial decline in the mid-17th century, and the estates were sold in the 1670s after passing to heiresses. Oliver’s son, Lord Richard Cromwell, died in 1712. Eleven in ODNB. 314 List of Parliamentary Families

CROOKSHANK IRELAND & SCOTLAND

Viscount Crookshank (1956- UK)

Origins: The first {MP} was a Justice of the Common Pleas in Ireland 1784. The father of the 1 Viscount was a physician in Ulster. The son was a politician.

1. Alexander Crookshank – {Belfast 1777-84} 2. George Crookshank – {Belfast 1797-1800} 3. Chichester Crookshank – Berwick & Haddington 1924-29 Bootle 1931-35 4. Harry Crookshank 1 Viscount Crookshank – Gainsborough Div. Lincolnshire 1924-56

Seats: Johnstoun, ; Drumhalry, Longford (owned 19th c.); Newtown Park, Dublin (acq. 1792, sold 1805) Estates: 1,214 acres in Ireland in 1870s. Notes: 1 Viscount in ODNB.

CROSBIE IRELAND

Earl of Glandore (1776-1815 I)

Origins: To Ireland from Lancashire as soldiers and clerics. The founder was granted estates in Kerry by Elizabeth I for military services. His brother was Bishop of Ardfert 1600. Baronet 1630. A descendent was a colonel during the Civil War. Further estates acquired in 1702 from the forfeitures of the 1690s. Sheriff 1712. First {MP 1634}. One additional {MP 1634-41}.

1. Maurice Crosbie 1 Baron Branden – {County Kerry 1713-58} 2. William Crosbie – {Ardfert 1713-43} 3. Sir Thomas Crosbie – {Dingle 1713-31} 4. Lancelot Crosbie – {County Kerry 1759-60 1762-76} 5. William Crosbie 1 Earl of Glandore – {Ardfert 1735-62} 6. John Crosbie 2 Earl of Glandore – {Athboy 1775-76 Ardfert 1776-81} 7. John Crosbie – {County Kerry 1794-97} 8. James Crosbie – {County Kerry 1797-1800} 1801-06 1812-26

Seats: Ardfert Abbey (House), Kerry (acq. late 16th c., built 1633-35, rebuilt 1711, remod. 1720, passed by mar. to Talbots 1815, remod. 1830, burned 1922, demolished); Ballyheigue (Ballyheigh) Castle, Kerry (medieval castle, acq. 17th c., new house c. 1758, rebuilt 1806-12, burned 1921, ruin); Tubrid House, Kerry (acq. 17th c., passed by mar. to Baylys, demolished 20th c.) List of Parliamentary Families 315

Estates: Bateman 10039 (I) 4638. Worth £300 pa in 1713, succeeded to larger estates c. 1810 worth £3,000 pa. Titles: Baron Branden 1758-1832 I; Baronet 1630-1936 Peers: {3 peers 1758-1800} 1 Irish Rep peer 1801-15 Notes: Lady Anne Crosbie, heiress of the last Earl, married William Talbot of Mount Talbot, Roscommon, who took the name Crosbie (see Talbot I).

CROSS

Viscount Cross (1886- UK)

Origins: Legal officials and in the 18th century. Married an heiress in 1813. 1 Viscount abandoned a legal career to become a banker and politician.

1. Richard Assheton Cross 1 Viscount Cross – Preston 1857-62 S. W. Lancashire 1868-85 2. William Cross – W. Derby Div. Liverpool 1888-92

Seats: Eccle Riggs, Lancashire (purch. 1860, built 1865, add. 1880, contents sold 1935, now hotel); Red Scar, Lancashire (purch. 18th c., older house remod. 1798 and 1840, demolished 1930s); Ash House, Cumberland (built 17th c., purch. and add. 1894) Estates: 1 Viscount left £91,000 in 1914. Peers: 3 peers 1886-1945 1 in Cabinet 1874-80 1885-92 1895-1900 Notes: 1 Viscount in ODNB.

CROSSLEY

Baron Somerleyton (1916- UK)

Origins: Carpet manufacturers on a huge scale. The business was founded in Halifax by John Crossley (1772-1837) father of the first MP, a weaver, then foreman, and finally owner, a self-made man. The eldest son went to Eton and became a landowner and Baronet. The founder’s sons introduced steam looms in the 1850s. By 1869 the mills employed 4,400 workmen. (Girouard, The Victorian Country House, 205-12)

1. Sir Francis Crossley 1 Bt – Halifax 1852-59 W. R. Yorkshire 1859-65 N. Div. W. R. Yorkshire 1865-72 2. John Crossley – Halifax 1874-77 3. Savile Crossley 1 Baron Somerleyton – Lowestoft Div. Suffolk 1885-92 4. Edward Crossley – Sowerby Div. E. R. Yorkshire 1885-92 316 List of Parliamentary Families

Seats: Somerleyton Hall, Suffolk (built c. 1610, rebuilt 1844-51, purch. 1863, still own); Herringfleet Hall, Suffolk (built c. 1730, add. 1778-88, remod. c. 1830s, add. 1873, purch. 1919, still own) Estates: Bateman 3294 (E) 5324. The firm had carpet sales of over £1,000,000 a year by the 1870s. Title: Baronet 1863- Peers: 2 peers 1916-45 Notes: Six in ODNB.

CROWLE

Origins: Merchants and Mayor of Hull in the 17th century.

1. George Crowle – Kingston-upon-Hull 1724-47 2. Richard Crowle – Kingston-upon-Hull 1754-57 3. Charles Crowle – Richmond 1769-74 {Harristown 1781-83}

Seat: Fryston Hall, Yorkshire (acq. 17th c.?, sold 1788, demolished 1931)

CUBITT

Baron Ashcombe (1892- UK)

Origins: The founder began as a ship’s carpenter and rose to Lord Mayor of London 1860. Became great urban developers and house builders.

1. William Cubitt – Andover 1847-61 1862-63 2. George Cubitt 1 Baron Ashcombe – W. Surrey 1860-85 Mid Surrey 1885-92 3. Henry Cubitt 2 Baron Ashcombe – Reigate Div. Surrey 1892-1906

Seat: Denbies, Surrey (built 1754, purch. and rebuilt 1850, demolished 1953) Estates: Bateman 6789 (E) 8509. Worth £1,000,000 in 1855. Worth £30,000,000 in 1990. Peers: 2 peers 1892-1945 1 Ld Lt 20th Notes: Three in ODNB.

CUFFE IRELAND

Earl of Desart (1793-1934 I)

Origins: To Ireland from Somerset with the Earl of Essex in 1598. Granted large estates soon afterwards and in the 1640s. List of Parliamentary Families 317

1. Joseph Cuffe – {Knocktopher 1665} 2. Agmondisham Cuffe – {County Kilkenny 1695-99} 3. Gerald Cuffe – {Castlebar 1703-14} 4. John Cuffe 1 Baron Desart – {Thomastown 1715-27} 5. Maurice Cuffe – {Kilkenny 1715-27} 6. Thomas Cuffe – {Wexford 1735-42} 7. William Cuffe – {Kilkenny 1783-92} 8. John Cuffe 2 Earl of Desart – Bossiney 1808-17 9. Otway Cuffe 3 Earl of Desart – Ipswich 1842

Seats: Desart Court, Kilkenny (built c. 1733, burned 1923, rebuilt, sold, demolished 1943 and 1957); Castle Inch, Kilkenny (purch. 1678) Estates: Bateman 8932 (I) 6278. Worth £5,000 to 6,000 pa in 1804. Estates sold after 1903 except for the house and demense. Titles: Baron Desart 1733-1934 I; Viscount Castle Cuffe 1781-1934 I; Baron Desart 1909-34 UK Peers: {3 peers 1733-49 1751-1800} 2 Irish Rep peers 1801-04 1846-65 1 peer 1909-34 1 Ld Lt 20th 1 KP 20th Notes: The Countess of Desart was a Senator in the Free State in the 1920s. 5 Earl in ODNB.

Baron Tyrawley (1797-1821 I)

Origins: Also from Somerset and probably related to the Earls of Desart. To Ireland 1621 and acquired land in Mayo and Galway. Sheriff 1681.

1. Sir James Cuffe – {County Mayo 1661-66} 2. Francis Cuffe – {County Mayo 1692-93} 3. Francis Cuffe – {County Mayo 1715-17} 4. Michael Cuffe – {County Mayo 1719-27 Longford 1727-44} 5. James Cuffe – {County Mayo 1742-60} 6. James Cuffe 1 Baron Tyrawley – {County Mayo 1768-97} 7. James Cuffe – {Tulsk 1800} Tralee 1819-28

Seats: Ballinrobe, Mayo (acq. 1667, sold 1821); Castle Lacken (Lackin), Mayo (built late 18th c., acq. 1814, passed by mar. in 1857 to Knox of Creagh, ruin in 20th c.); Elm Hall, Mayo (acq. and built 17th c., resident 18th c., ruin by 1830) Estates: Worth £8,000 pa 1799. Peer: {1 peer 1797-1800} 318 List of Parliamentary Families

Notes: The last MP was the illegitimate son of the 1 Baron, who inherited the family estate, although property acquired by marriage from the Gore family reverted to the Earls of Arran (see Gore).

CUNINGHAM [Dick] SCOTLAND

Cuningham (Cunyngham)

Origins: Claim descent from the Earls of Glencairn (see Cunninghame). Lairds in the 14th century. First [MP 1560]. An additional [MP 1617] for Ayrshire.

1. Sir John Cuningham 1 Bt – [Ayrshire 1665 1681] 2. William Cuningham – [Ayr Burghs 1661-63 1665 1667 1669-74 1681]

Seats: Caprington Castle, Ayrshire (acq. by mar. 1425, built 1829, still own); Prestonfield House, Midlothian (built mid-17th c., burned 1681, rebuilt 1687, acq. by mar. late 17th c., remod. 1816, now hotel) Estates: Bateman 7656 (S) 12657 Title: Baronet 1669- Notes: It is claimed that Sir Richard Wallace acquired Caprington c. 1177, and that it then passed to the Cuninghams. Notes: One in ODNB.

Dick

Origins: A merchant and tax farmer in the late 16th century became very rich (worth £200,000 Scots in c. 1640). A merchant and banker was elected Provost of Edinburgh 1638 and Kt 1646. 1 Bt was also a merchant. Janet Dick, heiress of the 1 Bt married Sir William Cuningham 1 Bt and brought Prestonfield to that family who took the additional name Dick.

1. Sir James Dick 1 Bt – [Edinburgh 1681]

Seat: Prestonfield, Midlothian (purch. 1677, burned 1681, rebuilt 1687, passed to Cuninghams by mar. late 17th c. see above) Title: Baronet 1707-1941 List of Parliamentary Families 319

CUNLIFFE-LISTER

Earl of Swinton (1955- UK)

Origins: The Cunliffes were Liverpool merchants and gentry in the 17th century. A younger son of John Cunliffe invented a railway brake in 1848, later a wool-combing machine, and then became a silk-plush manufacturer. The fortune made in industry was invested in an estate that made the family the largest landowners in . They gained a barony in 1891. Philip Lloyd-Graeme, a politician, married the Cunliffe heiress and took the name Cunliffe-Lister and gained an Earldom in 1955.

1. Ellis Cunliffe-Lister-Kay – Bradford 1832-41 2. William Cunliffe-Lister – Bradford 1841 3. Philip Cunliffe-Lister 1 – Hendon Div. Middlesex 1918-35

Seats: Swinton Park, Yorkshire (built 1695, rebuilt early 19th c., purch. and add. 1882, sold 1980, repurch. 2000 to operate as a hotel, still own); Manningham Hall, Yorkshire (built 1690s, Listers rebuilt c. 1764, add. c. 1800, remod. 1821, purch. 1882, demolished 1900) Fairfield Hall, Yorkshire (built late 17th c., Lister purch. c. 1870, sold early 20th c.) Estates: Bateman 24569 (E) 17253. Samuel Cunliffe-Lister spent three-quarters of a million pounds on land in the 1880s. Estates eventually totaled 34,000 acres. (Thompson English Landed Society in the Nineteenth Century, 297). Still own 20,000 acres. Title: Baron Masham 1891-1924 UK Peers: 2 peers 1891-1906 1935-45 1 in Cabinet 1922-29 1931-38 1951-52 Notes: The Kay(e)’s inherited the Lister estates in 1745 (see Kaye). Two in ODNB.

Cunliffe-Offley

Origins: See above. The senior line descended from the eldest son of John Cunliffe.

1. Sir Ellis Cunliffe 1 Bt – Liverpool 1755-67 2. Foster Cunliffe-Offley – Chester 1831-32 3. Sir Robert Cunliffe 5 Bt – Flint 1872-74 Denbigh Boroughs 1880-85

Seats: Acton Park (Hall), Denbighshire (purch. and built 1786-87, demolished 1952); Madeley, Staffordshire (see Crewe) Estates: Bateman 2025 (W) 4150. The income listed does not include wealth derived from rich mineral deposits. Title: Baronet 1759- Notes: One in ODNB. 320 List of Parliamentary Families

CUNNINGHAME (Cuninghame) [Bontine, Burton, Cairns, Conyngham, Denison, Denys, Fairlie, Montgomery, Murray, Westenra] SCOTLAND, IRELAND, & ENGLAND

Earl of Glencairn (1488-1796 S)

Origins: The Cunninghames were a medieval family, having held Cunningham in Ayrshire since the 12th century. The 1 Earl of Glencairn was also a decendent of a Constable of Scotland in the 12th century. Prominent from the mid-14th century onwards. Robert Graham of Gartmore, son of N. Graham and Lady Margaret Cunninghame, daughter of the 11 Earl of Glencairn, succeeded to the 15 Earl’s estates and took the name Cunninghame in 1796. He had also succeeded his cousin William Bontine of Ardoch in 1770 and took the name Bontine.

1. Robert Graham Bontine Cunninghame – Stirlingshire 1794-96 2. William Cunninghame Bontine – Dumbartonshire 1796-97 3. Robert Bontine Cunninghame Graham – N. W. Lanarkshire 1886-92

Seats: Finlaystoun House (Finlaystone), Renfrewshire (medieval, acq. by mar. 1399, remod. 1746, sold 1863); Coates House, Edinburghshire (resident 18th c., sold early 19th c.); Kilmaurs Place, Ayrshire (acq. medieval period, built c. 1620, sold 1720 and 1786); Gartmore House, Stirlingshire (Graham house, old house, rebuilt early 18th c., add. 1779-80, sold 1900); Ardoch House, Dumbartonshire (acq. by Bontines 1398, passed to Grahams 1770, built c. 1780, sold early 19th c., repurch. 1901, sold 1987) Peers: [4 peers 1661-1707] 1 Scottish Rep peer 1780-84 Notes: Robert Cunninghame MP 1794-96 was a Jamaica planter. The Cunnigham family has an entry in the ODNB and five others. Robert Bontine Cunninghame Graham MP joined the Labour Party and attended the Second Marxist International. One Graham also in ODNB.

Baron Rossmore (1796- I; 1838- UK)

Origins: A younger son of Sir Robert de Cunninghame of Kilmaurs, ancestor of the Earls of Glencairn, established a family raised to the Irish peerage in 1796. The first in Ireland was a soldier, politician, and distributor of patronage who married an heiress in the mid-18th century. His seat was at Mount Kennedy (purch. 1769), which passed to a daughter of his sister. The title went by special to the son of his wife’s (Elizabeth Murray) sister (Harriet Murray who married Henry Westenra). The Murrays had succeeded to the estates of the Cairns through a daughter of Sir Alexander Cairns 1 Bt who married John Murray MP 1727-43. The Cairns family came from Kirkcudbright to Donegal in the later 17th century. Sir Alexander was a Dublin banker. The Westenras were a commercial family of Dutch origin who settled in Ireland in the later 17th century. The families have been merged in a single line here. List of Parliamentary Families 321

1. Peter Westnera – {Athboy 1692-93} 2. William Cairns – {Belfast 1703-07} 3. Sir Alexander Cairns 1 Bt – {County Monaghan 1709-27 Monaghan 1727-32} 4. John Murray – {County Monaghan 1741-43} 5. Warner Westenra – {Maryborough 1730-60} 6. Sir Henry Cairns 2 Bt – {Monaghan 1732-43} 7. Robert Cuninghame 1 Baron Rossmore – {Tulske 1751-60 Armagh 1761-68 Monaghan 1768-96} East Grinstead 1788-89 8. Henry Westenra – {Monaghan 1771-76 1796-1800} 9. William Westenra 2 Baron Rossmore – County Monaghan {1800} 1801 10. Henry Westenra 3 Baron Rossmore – County Monaghan 1818-30 1831-32 1834-42 11. John Westenra – King’s County 1835-52

Seats: Rossmore Park (Castle), Monaghan (acq. by Cuninghames 18th c., built 1824- 27, add. 1858, unroofed post WWII, demolished 1975); Camla Vale, Monaghan (built late 18th c., purch. early 19th c. by uncle of 3 Baron Rossmore, to whom it passed, sold 1962, demolished); Sharavogue Castle, King’s County (purch. 1683, rebuilt mid-19th c., passed out of the family via an heiress 1894); Donaghmore, Donegal (Cairns owned in the 18th c., passed to Westenras 19th c.); Mount Kennedy, Wicklow (built 1670, fire 1680s, purch. 1769, new house built c. 1782-84, passed by mar. to Gun-Cuninghames 19th c.) Estates: Bateman 14839 (I) 13427 and 4483 (I) 2091. Cairns worth £2,000 pa in 1713. Held 64,000 acres in later 18th c. (Guinness and Ryan, Irish Houses and Castles, 315). Title: Baronet (Cairns) 1708-43 Peers: {1 peer 1796-1800} 1 Irish Rep peer 1800-01 6 peers 1838-60 1872-1945 3 Lds Lt 19th, 20th Notes: A cadet line of the Cairns family was granted the Earldom of Cairns (see below). One Westenra in ODNB.

Cuninghame

Origins: Descended from a sister of the 1 Baron Rossmore.

1. James Cuninghame – East Grinstead 1786-88

Seat: Mount Kennedy, Wicklow (see above, passed to niece of 1 Baron Rossmore in 19th c., sold 1930) Estates: Bateman 10479 (I) 5809 322 List of Parliamentary Families

Earl Cairns (1878- UK)

Origins: Merchants and bankers in Dublin and Belfast. 1 Earl a Lord Chancellor. See under Baron Rossmore.

1. Hugh Cairns – Belfast 1852-66

Seats: Parkmount House, Antrim (built 17th c., purch. and rebuilt 1796, add. 19th c., sold 1828, demolished 1932); Farleigh House, Somerset (built 18th and 19th c., purch. 1906, sold after WWII) Title: Baron Cairns 1870- UK Peers: 4 peers 1867-1945 1 in Cabinet 1868 1878-80 Notes: One in ODNB

Cuninghame

Origins: Cadet of the Earls of Glencairn (second son of the 1 Earl of Glencairn). Held Craigends from 1479, but made a fortune as ironmasters in the 19th century. (Rubinstein, Men of Property, 216, 225) First [MP 1643].

1. William Cuninghame – [Renfrewshire 1689-95] 2. Alexander Cuninghame – Renfrewshire 1734-42

Seat: Craigends House, Renfrewshire (acq. 1479, built 1857, family departed 1951, sold and demolished 1966-67) Estates: Bateman 33948 (S) 19122

Cuningham Fairlie

Origins: Cadet of Cuninghame of Craigends.

1. Sir William Cuningham Fairlie 7 Bt – Leominster 1818-26

Seat: Robertland, Ayrshire (sold 1696) Title: Baronet 1630- Note: Impoverished in the 19th century

Montgomery-Cuninghame

Origins: Descended from the second son of the 4 Earl of Glencairn. List of Parliamentary Families 323

1. Sir William Montgomery-Cuninghame 9 Bt – Ayr Burghs 1874-80

Seats: Corsehill House, Ayrshire (acq. and built 1532, abandoned after 1770); Glenmoor House (aka Kirkbride House), Ayrshire (replaced Corsehill, sold 20th c.) Estates: Bateman 3370 (S) 3329 Title: Baronet 1672-

Marquess Conyngham (1816- I)

Origins: A cadet branch of the Earls of Glencairn. The first to Ireland was a Protestant minister in Donegal 1611. His son was a Lt. General of the Ordnance in Ireland. Fought with William III at the Boyne and acquired estates.

1. William Conyngham – {Bangor 1661-66} 2. Henry Conyngham – {Killybegs 1692-93 County Donegal 1695-99 1703-06} 3. Henry Conyngham 1 Earl Conyngham – {Killybegs 1727-53} Tiverton 1747-54 Sandwich 1756-74 4. William Conyngham – {Killybegs 1727-38} 5. Henry Conyngham – {Killybegs 1741-49} 6. William Conyngham – {Dundalk 1776-83} 7. William Conyngham – {Ennis 1776-83 Killybegs 1783-90 Ennis 1790-96} 8. Francis Conyngham 2 Marquess Conyngham – Westbury 1818-20 County Donegal 1825-31 9. Henry Conyngham Earl of Mount Charles – County Donegal 1818-24 10. Lord Francis Conyngham – County Clare 1857-59 1874-80

Seats: Bifrons, Kent (purch. early 19th c., demolished 1948); , Meath (medieval castle, purch. 1703, new house 1785, fire 1991, restored, still own); The Hall, Mount Charles, Donegal (acq. early 17th c., rebuilt early to mid-18th c., leased out 19th c., still own); Amat Lodge, Ross-shire (purch. 1924, sold 1945); Minster (Court), Kent (acq. by mar. 1688, leased out from 1787, sold 1928); Conyngham Hall (aka Coghill Hall), Yorkshire (medieval, rebuilt 1555, rebuilt later 18th c., purch. 1796, sold 1856) Estates: Bateman 166710 (E & I) 50076. Rubinstein – the Dowager Countess left £140,000 in probate in 1816. Owned 5,000 acres in 2001 in England and 1,000 acres in Ireland. Titles: Baron Conyngham 1753-81 I; Viscount Conyngham 1756-81 I; Earl Conyngham 1781-81 I; Baron Conyngham 1781- I; Viscount Slane 1789- I; Earl of Mount Charles 1797- I; Baron Minster 1821- UK Peers: {3 peers 1765-1800} 1 Irish Rep peer 1801-16 6 peers 1816-97 1904-45 1 Ld Lt 19th 2 KP 19th Notes: 1 Marquess in ODNB. 324 List of Parliamentary Families

Burton

Origins: The family was settled in Shropshire for many centuries. Kt 15th century. Granted arms 1478. First MP 1597. The estates of the senior branch passed to the Lingens (see Lingen). A younger son’s son went to Ireland 1610. Bankers in Dublin. Acquired Buncraggy 1666 and other estates in 1685. Sheriff 1691. Francis Burton purchased vast acreage of confiscated estates in Clare in 1702. Lord Mayor of Dublin 1706. It is unclear where the money came from. [The senior line remained at Longnor Hall, (Atcham) Shropshire (Bateman 2244 (E) 4653). (see Acton)] The sister of the 1 Earl Conyngham married Francis Burton of Burton Hall, Carlow and their son was the 2 Baron Conyngham. His son was created Marquess Conyngham. A younger son of Francis Burton (MP 1703) purchased Burton Hall and established a cadet line.

1. Thomas Burton – {Killybegs 1661-65} 2. Francis Burton – {Ennis 1692-93 1695-99 1703-14} 3. Benjamin Burton – {Burton 1703-27} 4. Samuel Burton – {Sligo 1713-14 1715-27 Dublin 1727-33} 5. Francis Burton – {Coleraine 1721-27 County Clare 1727-44} 6. Robert Burton – {County Carlow 1727-60 Carlow 1761-65} 7. Benjamin Burton – {Knocktopher 1741-60 County Carlow 1761-67} 8. Benjamin Burton – {County Sligo 1757-60 Boyle 1761-63} 9. Francis Burton – {Killybegs 1753-60 County Clare 1761-76} 10. William Burton – {Gowran 1761-68 County Carlow 1768-1800} Carlow 1801-02 11. William Burton – {Newtown 1761-76 Ennis 1776-83 Killybegs 1783-90 Ennis 1790-96} 12. Francis Burton – {County Clare 1790-1800} 1801-08

Seats: Burton Hall, Carlow (purch. and built 1712, remod. 1840-44, remod. late 19th c., sold 1927, demolished 1930); Goltho Hall, Lincolnshire (old house, acq. by mar 1850 and 1868, rebuilt c. 1900, demolished); Buncraggy, Clare (purch. 1666, built early 18th c., passed to Armstrongs early 19th c.) Estates: Bateman 7370 (I) 5005. Worth £2,500 pa in 1713. Notes: Minster Court belonged to the Williams Bts (1642-80) and passed to the Conynghams by marriage. One in ODNB.

Burton

Origins: Charles Burton, a younger son of Samuel Burton of Burton (see above) was created a Baronet and was seated at Pollacton. The niece of the 5 Bt succeeded to the estates in 1902. She married Sir Francis Denys 3 Bt who took the name Burton. The Denys family had little known lineage. Developed lead mines. High Sheriff of Northamptonshire 1812, who married a daughter of the 2 Earl of Pomfret. His son was created a Baronet 1813 and was a courtier. List of Parliamentary Families 325

1. Sir Charles Burton 1 Bt – {Dublin 1749-60} 2. Sir George Denys 1 Bt – Hull 1812-18

Seats: Pollacton, Carlow (built c. 1802, remod. later 19th c., passed by mar. to Denys and Tubbs families, demolished 1970); Draycot Hall, Yorkshire (acq. and built by Denys family late 18th c., now flats) Estates: Owned about 1,000 acres in Kilkenny and Carlow. Titles: Baronet 1758-1902; 1813-1960

Earl of Londesborough (1887-1937 UK)

Origins: The 1 Marquess of Conyngham married Elizabeth, sister and heiress of W. J. Denison. The second son of this marriage succeeded to the Denison estates and was created 1 Baron Londesborough. The Denisons were great Leeds woolen cloth merchants in the 18th century. A son became a London banker.

1. William Denison – Camelford 1796-1802 Hull 1806-07 Surrey 1818-32 W. Surrey 1832-49 2. Albert Conyngham Denison 1 Baron Londesborough – Canterbury 1835-41 1847-50 3. William Denison 1 Earl of Londesborough – Beverley 1857-59 Scarborough 1859-60

Seats: Londesborough Lodge (Hall), Yorkshire (old house, see under Boyle, new house 1839, purch. 1849 for c. £450,000, add. 1853, sold 1919); Blankney Hall, Lincolnshire (purch. 1896, burned 1945, demolished 1960); Denbies, Surrey (built c. 1754, purch. 1787, sold 1850); Seamer, Yorkshire (built 17th c., purch. 1790, remod. early 19th c., sold 1923, hotel); Grimston Park, Yorkshire (old house, built c. 1840, purch. 1850, add. c. 1850, sold 1872) Estates: Bateman 52655 (E) 67876. The first MP left £2,300,000 in 1849. 1 Baron had an income of c. £100,000 pa in the mid-19th century. Title: Baron Londesborough 1850- UK Peers: 5 peers 1850-1937 Notes: 1 Baron in ODNB three Denisons.

CUNYNGHAME SCOTLAND

Origins: Claimed descent from the Earls of Glencairn. At Milncraig by early 17th century. 1 Bt a successful lawyer.

1. Sir David Cunynghame 1 Bt – [Lauder Burghs 1703-07] 2. Sir James Cunynghame 2 Bt – Linlithgowshire 1715-22 3. Sir William Augustus Cunynghame 4 Bt – Linlithgowshire 1774-90 326 List of Parliamentary Families

Seats: Livingston(e) Place, Linlithgowshire (old house, acq. by mar. 1671, demolished and rebuilt late 17th c., sold 1828, demolished 1840); Milncraig, Ayrshire (acq. by mar. 17th c.) Title: Baronet 1702- Notes: One in ODNB.

CURRIE

Baron Currie (1899-1906 UK)

Origins: Bankers in London mid-18th and the 19th century and also owned a gin distillery.

1. William Currie – Gatton 1790-96 Winchelsea 1796-1802 2. John Currie – Hertford 1831-32 3. Raikes Currie – Northampton 1837-57 4. Henry Currie – Guildford 1847-52

Seats: Seafield House, Sussex; Sandling Park, Kent (built 1779, demolished c. 1945-46, new house); Minley Manor, Hampshire (purch. 1846, built 1858-60, fire 1871, rebuilt and add. 1886-87 cost £55,000 – Franklin, The Gentleman’s Country House, 265 - add. 1898, sold 1934); East Horsley Park (Place, Towers), Surrey (old house, purch. 1784, rebuilt 1834, sold before 1847); Coombe Warren, Surrey (purch. and built 1861, fire 1870, rebuilt 1870-75, demolished 1920s) Estates: Rubinstein – William Currie MP left £140,000 in probate in 1829. Raikes Currie MP left £285,000 in 1881. Owned 2,500 acres in 1934. Peer: 1 peer 1899-1906. Notes: Family suffered serious financial reverses in business after 1929. Three in ODNB.

CURTEIS

Origins: Claimed descent from Robert Curthose, eldest son of William the Conqueror, seated in Sussex “from time immemorial.” (Burke, Visitation of Seats, sec. series, I, 73). In fact the first MP was an attorney and banker who married an heiress. The family purchased £90,000 worth of land in Sussex in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

1. Edward Curteis – Sussex 1820-30 2. Edward Curteis – Rye 1832-37 3. Herbert Curteis – Sussex 1830-32 E. Sussex 1832-37 Rye 1841-47 4. Herbert Curteis – Rye 1847-52 List of Parliamentary Families 327

Seat: Windmill Hill Place, Sussex (purch. later 18th c., sold 1920) Estates: Bateman 2747 (E) 3252 and 3486 (E) 6055 Notes: Despite the first MP (and his father, also a lawyer and banker) establishing a gentry family, he divided his estates in a bourgeois manner among three sons on his death in 1835.

CURWEN

Origins: Claimed descent from Ethelred the Unready. (Roskell, Clark, and Rawcliffe, The House of Commons, II, 725) Almost certainly descended in the male line from pre- Norman landowners. The longest established family in Cumberland; held Workington since the 12th century. First MP 1371 (for Cumberland). Seven further MPs 1371- 1628 all sitting for the county. Sir Christopher Curwen MP (1397-1432) served in the Agincourt campaign. Bt 1627.

1. Sir Patricius Curwen 1 Bt – Cumberland 1625 1626 1628 1640-43 1644 1661-64 2. Eldred Curwen – Cockermouth 1738-41 3. Henry Curwen – Carlisle 1761-68 Cumberland 1768-74 4. John Christian-Curwen – Carlisle 1786-90 1791-1812 1816-20 Cumberland 1820-28

Seats: Workington Hall, Cumberland (acq. 12th c., medieval, add. 1538 and late 16th c., remod. 1777-82 and 1828, family departed after 1929, donated to municipality 1930s, fire WWII, part demolished 1973); Ewanrigg (Unerigg), Cumberland (medieval, purch. c. 1638, remod. later 17th c., remod. late 18th c., sold 1886, part demolished 1903); Sella Park, Cumberland (built 14th c., acq. 16th c., rebuilt 17th c., sold c. 1800); Catterlen Hall, Cumberland (acq. by the Vaux family late 12th c., medieval building, add. 1577, add. 1652, passed to the Curwens and sold in the mid-18th c.); Belle Isle, Westmorland (purch. 1781, built c. 1780-82, sold 1991) Estates: Bateman 7128 (E) 10054 Title: Baronet 1627-64 Notes: Curwens were recusants in early 17th c. John Christian of the Isle of Man married a Curwen heiress and took the name Curwen in 1790. The main line of the Christian family purchased Ewanrigg in c. 1638, went bankrupt and their estates forclosed upon 1886. The Curwen fortune was partly based on coal, but financial troubles with the collieries cropped up in the 1820s. The Curwen family has an entry in the ODNB and two others are also listed. 328 List of Parliamentary Families

CURZON [Assheton, Howe]

Marquess Curzon (1921-25 UK)

Origins: At Kedleston before 1150, probably by 1100. First MP 1379 for Derbyshire. At least one MP in each successive century, most kts of the shire, 1423-1648.

1. Sir John Curzon 3 Bt – Derbyshire 1701-27 2. Sir Nathaniel Curzon 4 Bt – Derby 1713-15 Clitheroe 1722-27 Derbyshire 1727-54 3. William Curzon – Clitheroe 1734-47 4. Nathaniel Curzon 1 Baron Scarsdale – Clitheroe 1748-54 Derbyshire 1754-61 5. Nathaniel Curzon 2 Baron Scarsdale – Derbyshire 1775-84 6. George Curzon 1 Marquess Curzon – Southport Div. Lancashire 1886-98 7. Lady Cynthia Curzon Mosley – Stoke Div. Stoke on Trent 1929-31

Seats: , Derbyshire (acq. and built c. 1100, rebuilt late 16th c., rebuilt 1700, rebuilt 1758-81, NT 1984, family still own estate); Lockington Hall, Derbyshire (built 17th c., purch. 1872, add. 1870s, coverted to offices 1973) Estates: Bateman 15228 (E) 29632. Coal income surged in the mid-18th c. Owned 6,050 acres worth 36 million pounds in 2001. Titles: Baron Scarsdale 1761- GB; Baron Curzon 1898-1925 I; Earl Curzon 1911-25 UK; Baronet 1636- ; 1641- Peers: 1 Irish Rep peer 1908-11 4 peers 1761-1837 1856-1916 1911-45 1 in Cabinet 1915-25 1 KG 20th Notes: 1 Marquess and five others in ODNB.

Earl Howe (1788-99 GB; 1821- UK)

Origins: Acquired estates during Tudor period; granted arms 1625. Sophia Baroness Howe in her own right married the son of the 1 Viscount Curzon (see above). She was the daughter of the 1 , brother of the 3 Viscount Howe. The son of the marriage took the name Howe and was created 1 Earl Howe of the second creation.

1. Scrope Howe 1 Viscount Howe – Nottinghamshire 1673-81 1689-98 1710-13 2. Emanuel Howe – Morpeth 1701-02 Wigan 1705-08 3. Emanuel Howe 2 Viscount Howe – Nottinghamshire 1722-32 4. George Howe 3 Viscount Howe – Nottingham 1747-58 5. Assheton Curzon 1 Viscount Curzon – Clitheroe 1754-80 1792-94 6. Richard Howe 1 Earl Howe – Dartmouth 1757-82 7. William Howe 5 Viscount Howe – Nottingham 1758-80 8. Thomas Howe – Northampton 1769-71 List of Parliamentary Families 329

9. Penn Assheton Curzon – Leominster 1784-90 Clitheroe 1790-92 Leicestershire 1792-97 10. George Howe 2 Earl Howe – S. Leicestershire 1857-70 11. Montagu Howe Curzon – N. Leicestershire 1883-85 12. Richard Curzon-Howe 4 Earl Howe – Wycombe Div. Buckinghamshire 1885-1900 13. Francis Curzon 5 Earl Howe – S. Div. Battersea 1918-29

Seats: Gopsall Hall, Leicestershire (built c. 1750s, acq. by mar. later 18th c., demolished 1951); Penn House, Buckinghamshire (acq. and built c. 1540, rebuilt 1760, add. c. 1880, still own); Langar Hall, Nottinghamshire (acq. by mar. 1677, sold 1818, hotel) Estates: Bateman 33669 (E) 37032. Rubinstein – 1 Viscount Curzon left £140,000 in probate 1820. Owned 4,000 aces in 2001. Titles: Viscount Howe 1701-1814 I; Viscount Howe 1782-99 GB; Baron Howe 1788- GB; Earl Howe 1788-99 GB; Baron Curzon 1794- GB; Viscount Curzon 1802- UK; Baronet 1660-1814 Peers: {5 peers 1701-13 1720-35 1745-1800} 7 peers 1782-99 1794-1945 2 Lds Lt 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th 1 in Cabinet 1765-70 1783-88 1 KG 18th Notes: Gopsall was built by a wealthy merchant, Charles Jennens, and passed on his death to a grandnephew, Penn Assheton Curzon, who married Lady Sophia Howe, Baroness Howe. The Curzons also inherited Acton Place (Hall), Suffolk (demolished 1961) from the Jennens (built 1720s, inher. 1816, demolished 1825 and 1961). 1, 3 and 5 Viscounts and 1 Earl and three others in ODNB.

Baron Zouche (1308- E)

Origins: See Bisshopp. Harriet 13 Baroness Zouche married Robert Curzon second son of the 1 Viscount Curzon. Their son succeeded as 14 .

1. Robert Curzon – Clitheroe 1796-1831 2. Robert Curzon 14 Baron Zouche – Clitheroe 1831-32

Seat: Parham Park, Sussex (see Bisshopp) Peers: 2 peers 1870-1914 Notes: One in ODNB.

Baron Chedworth (1741-1804 GB)

Origins: Sir John Howe 1 Bt of Cassey Compton had two sons. The 2 Bt, seated at Great Wishford, had a son who left his property to a great nephew. The latter was descended from the 1 Bt’s second son John of Langer, Nottinghamshire. The eldest son of the 330 List of Parliamentary Families

latter was the ancestor of the Earls Howe. The younger son, seated at Stowell, was ancestor of the Barons Chedworth.

1. John Howe – Gloucestershire 1654 1656 1659 1661-79 2. Sir Richard Howe 2 Bt – Wiltshire 1656-58 1659 Wilton 1660 Wiltshire 1675-79 Hindon 1679-81 Wilton 1690-95 3. Sir George Howe 1 Bt – Hindon 1660-76 4. Sir Richard Howe 3 Bt – Hindon 1679-81 Tamworth 1685-87 Cirencester 1690-98 Wiltshire 1701-27 5. John Howe – Cirencester 1689-98 Gloucestershire 1698-1705 6. Sir James Howe 2 Bt – Hindon 1698-1705 1708-09 7. John Howe 1 Baron Chedworth – Gloucester 1727 Wiltshire 1729-41

Seats: Great Wishford, Wiltshire (medieval, acq. by mar. c. 1646, part demolished 1785, sold 1808, demolished mid-19th c.); Cassey Compton, Gloucestershire (medieval, purch. late 16th c., rebuilt c. 1700, sold 1811, part demolished by 1812); Stowell Park, Gloucestershire (built early 17th c., purch. 1685, sold 1811); Berwick St. Leonard, Wiltshire (medieval, new house built early 17th c., acq. by mar. c. 1646, passed out of family 1736, abandoned early 19th c., became a farm building, demolished c. 1902) Estates: 7600 acres in 1811. Title: Baronet 1660-1814 Peers: 4 peers 1741-1804 1 Ld Lt 18th Notes: Male line extinct and estates sold 1811. 4 Baron in ODNB.

Baron Clitheroe (1955- UK)

Origins: One of the oldest families in Lancashire. Landowners since 1115. Rose to prominence with the patronage of . One on the Agincourt campaign (Country Life, 183, p. 108), and another at Flodden. First MP 1375 for Lancashire. Nine additional MPs 1382-1648, five kts of the shire.

1. Sir Ralph Assheton 2 Bt – Clitheroe 1625 1626 1640-48 1660-62 1679-80 2. Sir Ralph Assheton 2 Bt – Liverpool 1677-79 Lancashire 1694-98 3. Edmund Assheton – Clitheroe 1685-87 4. Richard Assheton – Lancashire 1703-05 5. Ralph Assheton – Clitheroe 1868-80 6. Ralph Assheton 1 Baron Clitheroe – Rushcliffe Div. Nottinghamshire 1934-45 London 1945-50 Blackburn W. 1950-55

Seats: Downham Hall, Lancashire (purch. 1558, remod. 1834-35, add. 1880, still own); , Lancashire (medieval, purch. 1553, rebuilt 1588, add. 1660s, remod. List of Parliamentary Families 331

c. 1840, passed to Curzon-Howes by mar. early 18th c., sold 1836); Middleton Tower, Lancashire (medieval, acq. 15th c., demolished 1845); Cuerdale Hall, Lancashire (old house, built 17th c., still own but a farm house); Chadderton Hall, Lancashire (medieval, acq. by mar. 1454, new house 1620, sold 1684, demolished 1939) Estates: 3741 (E) 4800 Titles: Baronet 1620-96; 1660-1765 1 Ld Lt 20th Notes: Three in ODNB.

CUST [Brownlow, Drury, Hume]

Earl Brownlow (1815-1921 GB)

Origins: The Brownlows were founded by a lawyer who married an heiress under Elizabeth I who purchased Belton c. 1617. He set himself up as a county gentleman but was looked down upon by the aristocracy. (Jackson-Stops, The Country House in Persepctive, 56). The Custs succeeded to the Brownlow estates and to Belton in 1754. They were yeomen who had owned land in Lincolnshire since the 14th century but did not become armigerous until 1642. The first MP (1653) and 1 Bt (1641) was a barrister.

1. Sir Richard Cust 1 Bt – Lincolnshire 1653 Stamford 1679-81 2. Sir William Brownlow 4 Bt – Peterborough 1689-98 Bishop’s Castle 1698-1700 3. Sir John Brownlow 3 Bt – Grantham 1689-97 4. John Brownlow 1 Viscount Tyrconnel – Grantham 1713-15 Lincolnshire 1715-22 Grantham 1722-41 5. Sir John Cust 3 Bt – Grantham 1743-70 6. Peregrine Cust – Bishop’s Castle 761-68 New Shorham 1768-74 Ilchester 1774-75 Grantham 1776-80 Ilchester 1780-85 7. Brownlow Cust 1 Baron Brownlow – Ilchester 1768-74 Grantham 1774-76 8. Francis Cockayne Cust – Grantham 1770-74 1775-80 Grantham 1780-91 9. John Cust 1 Earl Brownlow – Clitheroe 1802-07 10. William Cust – Lincolnshire 1816-18 Clitheroe 1818-22 11. Peregrine Cust – Honiton 1818-26 Clitheroe 1826-32 12. Sir Edward Cust 1 Bt – Grantham 1818-26 Lostwithiel 1826-32 13. John Hume-Cust Viscount Alford – Bedfordshire 1835-51 14. Charles Cust – N. Shropshire 1865-66 15. Adalbert Cust 3 Earl Brownlow – N. Shropshire 1866-67 16. Henry Cockayne-Cust – Grantham 1874-80 17. Henry Cockayne-Cust – Stamford Div. Lincolnshire 1890-95 Bermondsey Div. Southwark 1900-06 332 List of Parliamentary Families

Seats: Belton House, Lincolnshire (purch. c. 1617, rebuilt 1684-89, NT 1984); Great Humby Hall, Lincolnshire (medieval, acq. c. 1600, rebuilt 17th c., passed from Brownlows to Custs by mar. 1754, sold later 18th c.); Leasingham Hall, Lincolnshire (built 17th c., new house 19th c.); Cockayne Hatley Hall (House), Bedfordshire (medieval, inher. from Cokaynes 1745, sold 1897); Arthingworth, Northamptonshire (acq. by mar. 1770, sold); Park, Hertfordshire (medieval, purch. by Egertons 1605, rebuilt 18th c., rebuilt 1808-14, Custs succ. by mar. 1849, remod. 1855-63, sold 1928, institutional use); Leasowe Castle, Cheshire (built 1593, remod. 1818, acq. by mar. from Boodes early 19th c., remod. c. 1834, sold 1893, institutional use) Estates: Bateman 75457 (E, S & W) 112,122. Income £9,000 pa in 1680s. Owned 22,000 acres worth 130 million pounds in 2001. Titles: Viscount Tyrconnel 1718-54 I; Baron Brownlow 1776- GB; Baronet 1641-79; 1641- 1754; 1677- ; 1876-1931; Peers: {1 peer 1718-54} 6 peers 1776-1853 1863-1945 3 Lds Lt 19th, 20th Notes: The Custs succeeded to the Hertfordshire estates of the Dukes of Bridgewater in 1849 (see Egerton). The Custs acq. Leasowe Castle from the Boodes by mar. early 19th c. The Boode fortune was made in the West Indies. One Brownlow and nine Custs in ODNB.

Hume

Origins: The founder was a naval victular in the 17th century. His son was a Director of the East India Company 1737. In 1839 passed to Viscount Alford (Cust).

1. Alexander Hume – Southwark 1743-54 Steyning 1754-61 Southwark 1761-65 2. Sir Abraham Hume 1 Bt – Steyning 1747-54 Tregony 1761-68 3. Sir Abraham Hume 2 Bt – Petersfield 1774-80 Hastings 1807-18

Seat: Wormleybury, Hertfordshire (purch. 1739, passed to Custs by mar. 1839, sold 1853) Title: Baronet 1769-1839 Notes: 2 Bt in ODNB.

Drury

Origins: Brewers in the 18th century. 1 Viscount Brownlow married the Drury heiress in 1770 and sold Overstone in 1791.

1. Sir Thomas Drury 1 Bt – Maldon 1741-47 List of Parliamentary Families 333

Seats: Overstone, Northampstonshire (sold 1791, burned 2001); Wickham Hall, Essex; Arthingworth, Northamptonshire (passed to Brownlows by mar. 1770, sold later) Estates: Brewery worth £230,000 in the early 18th century. Title: Baronet 1739-59

CUTTS

Baron Cutts (Cuttte) (1690-1707 I)

Origins: The great grandfather of 1 Baron rose through office under Henry VIII. First MP 1584 for Cambridgeshire. Another MP 1604, also for the county.

1. John Cutts 1 Baron Cutts – Cambridgeshire 1693-1702 Newport (IoW) 1702-07

Seats: Childerley Hall, Cambridgeshire (built mid-16th c., passed to Calverts 1686); Horham Hall, Essex (built c. 1450, acq. and rebuilt after 1502, rebuilt 1560s, sold 1599); Hall, Hertfordshire (acq. by purch. and inher. 1507 and 1521, sold 1600); Wood Hall (Woodhall), Essex (built 1652, sold early 18th c.) Estates: Worth £2,000 pa c. 1690. Notes: Family extinct 1707. Estates left to 1 Baron’s wife’s family. 1 Baron in ODNB.

DALRYMPLE [Elphinstone, Hay, Makgill] SCOTLAND

Earl of Stair (1703- S)

Origins: Small lairds until the 1 Viscount, a statesman and Lord of Session.

1. James Dalrymple 1 Viscount Stair – [Wigtownshire 1672-74 1678 1681 Ayrshire 1690] 2. John Dalrymple 1 – [Stranraer Burgh 1689] 3. Sir David Dalrymple 1 Bt – [Culross Burgh 1698-1702 1703-07] Scotland 1707-08 Haddington Burghs 1708-21 4. William Dalrymple – [Ayrshire 1703-07] Scotland 1707-08 Clackmannanshire 1708-10 Wigtown Burghs 1722-27 Wigtownshire 1727-41 5. George Dalrymple – [Stranraer Burgh 1703-07] 6. John Dalrymple – Wigtown Burghs 1728-34 7. William Dalrymple – Wigtown Burghs 1784-90 {Dunleek 1796-97} 8. John Dalrymple 8 Earl of Stair – Midlothian 1833-34 9. John Dalrymple 10 Earl of Stair – Wigtownshire 1841-56 10. John Dalrymple 12 Earl of Stair – Wigtownshire 1906-14 11. Hew Dalrymple – Wigtownshire 1915-18