List of United States federal executive orders This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it. • 1914: Executive Order 1888: Providing conditions of employment for the Permanent Force for the Panama Canal[7] Executive orders are issued by United States presidents to help officers and agencies of the executive branch manage • 1918: Executive Order 2859: National Research operations within the federal government. Council of the National Academy of Sciences[8] At the federal level of government in the United States, • 1927: Executive Order 4601: Authorization of the laws are made almost exclusively by legislation. Such Distinguished Flying Cross [9] legislation originates as an Act of Congress passed by the Congress of the United States (and its predecessor, the Continental Congress); such acts were either signed into law by the President or passed by Congress after a 4 Herbert Hoover (1929–1933) presidential veto. [10] However, legislation is not the only source of regulations EOs 5075–6070 which have the force of law. There is also judge-made common law and constitutional law. The President can issue executive orders pursuant to a grant of discretion 5 Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933– from Congress, or under the inherent powers that office 1945) holds to deal with certain matters of foreign policy. Many early executive orders were not recorded. The Administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt Executive Orders Dis- State Department began numbering executive orders in position Tables[11] the early 20th century, starting retroactively from Presi- dent Abraham Lincoln's Executive Order Establishing a Executive Orders 6071–9537 Provisional Court in Louisiana issued in 1862. 6 Harry S Truman (1945–1953) 1 Consolidated list by President Administration of Harry S Truman Executive Orders Disposi- [12] [1][2][3][4] tion Tables Executive Orders 9538–10431 2 1800s 7 Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953– • 1836: Specie Circular - Required payment for pub- 1961) lic lands be in gold and silver specie • 1863: Emancipation Proclamation - Changed the Administration of Dwight D. Eisenhower Executive Orders federal legal status of enslaved persons within the Disposition Tables[13] [5] rebellious states to free. EOs 10432–10913 • 1872: The Colville Indian Reservation is created. April 9, 1872 • 1953: Executive Order 10450: Charged the heads of federal agencies and the Office of Personnel Man- agement, supported by the Federal Bureau of Inves- 3 1900–1929 tigation (FBI), with investigating federal employees to determine whether they posed security risks. • 1901–1909: Executive Orders by President • 1954: Executive Order 10555: Establishing a Seal Theodore Roosevelt: Complete List of Executive for the President’s Committee on Employment of Orders by President Theodore Roosevelt[6] the Physically Handicapped 1 2 11 GERALD R. FORD (1974–1977) • 1959: Executive Order 10834: Defined the design 9 Lyndon B. Johnson (1963–1969) of the flag of the United States[14] Administration of Lyndon B. Johnson Executive Orders Dispo- sition Tables[16] EOs 11128–11451 • 1963: Executive Order 11129: Decreed on Novem- ber 29, 1963 that the NASA Launch Operations Center (LOC), including facilities on Merritt Island and Cape Canaveral, would be renamed the John F. Kennedy Space Center, NASA. That name change officially took effect on December 20, 1963 • 1964: Executive Order 11130: Created Warren Commission to investigate the assassination of pres- U.S. flag design as defined by Executive Order 10834. ident Kennedy • 1965: Executive Order 11246: Prohibited discrimination in employment decisions on the Executive Orders 10432–10913 basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin • 1966: Executive Order 11310: Assigned Emer- gency Preparedness Functions to the Attorney Gen- 8 John F. Kennedy (1961–1963) eral Administration of John F. Kennedy Executive Orders Disposi- tion Tables[15] 10 Richard Nixon (1969–1974) • 1961: Executive Order 10924: Established the Administration of Richard Nixon Executive Orders Disposition Peace Corps. Tables[17] EOs 11452–11797 • 1961: Executive Order 10925: Required govern- ment contractors to “take affirmative action” to • 1969: Executive Order 11478: Prohibiting ensure non-discriminatory employment practices. discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, Created the Equal Employment Opportunities Com- national origin, handicap, or age in the competitive mission service of the federal civilian workforce, which includes civilians employed by the armed forces and • 1962: Executive Order 10988 recognizes the right by federal contractors and contractors performing of federal workers to join employee organizations under federally assisted construction contracts.[18] and bargain collectively Some categories were added by Executive Order 13087 in 1998 and Executive Order 13152 in 2000. • 1962: Executive Order 10990 reestablished the Federal Safety Council 11 Gerald R. Ford (1974–1977) • 1962: Executive Order 11051 was revoked by Executive Order 12148: Specifies the duties and re- EOs 11798–11966 sponsibilities of the Office of Emergency Planning and gives authorization to put ALL executive orders • 1975: Executive Order 11850: Renunciation of cer- into effect in times deemed to be of increased in- tain uses in war of chemical herbicides and riot con- ternational tension, economic crisis, and/or financial trol agents. crisis • 1976: Executive Order 11905: Outlawed the use of • 1963: Executive Order 11110: Delegating the au- political assassination.[19] thority to issue silver certificates under the Agri- • 1976: Executive Order 11921: Allows the Federal cultural Adjustment Act of May 12, 1933 to the Emergency Preparedness Agency to develop plans Secretary of the Treasury to establish control over the mechanisms of produc- tion, distribution, energy sources, wages, salaries, Executive Orders 10914–11127 credit, and the flow of money. 3 12 Jimmy Carter (1977–1981) 16 George W. Bush (2001–2009) Administration of Jimmy Carter Executive Orders Disposition Administration of George W. Bush Executive Orders Disposi- Tables[20] tion Tables[24] EOs 11967–12286 Executive Orders 13198–13488 • 1978: Executive Order 12036: Reformed the Intelligence Community and further banned 17 Barack Obama (2009–present) assassination. • 1979: Executive Order 12148: Established the Administration of Barack Obama Executive Orders Disposition Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Tables[25] • 1979: Executive Order 12170: Allows the freezing Executive Orders 13489 and higher of all Iranian assets held within the United States Grand total per 2016-03-15. • 1979: Executive Order 12172: Iranian aliens dele- gation of entry into the United States 18 See also 13 Ronald Reagan (1981–1989) • List of sources of law in the United States Administration of Ronald Reagan Executive Orders Disposition • List of United States federal legislation Tables[21] EOs 12287–12667 • National Security Directive • 1981: Executive Order 12333: Strengthened man- agement of the United States Intelligence Commu- nity 19 References • 1982: Executive Order 12372: Intergovernmental [1] “Executive Orders Disposition Tables Index”. Review of federal programs Archives.gov. Retrieved 2013-12-10. • 1987: Executive Order 12601: President’s Com- [2] “Executive Orders”. Presidency.ucsb.edu. 2013-07-20. mission on the HIV Epidemic Retrieved 2013-12-10. • 1988: Executive Order 12656: Assignment of [3] “Executive Orders”. Office of the Federal Register. Re- Emergency Preparedness Responsibilities trieved 2015-09-13. • 1988: Executive Order 12631: Working Group on [4] “Chart of Presidents of the United States”. www. Financial Markets jjmccullough.com. Retrieved 2016-06-15. • 1989: Executive Order 12667: Establishes proce- [5] “Featured Document: The Emancipation Proclamation”. dure for access to Presidential Records. (Revoked www.archives.gov. Retrieved 2016-01-05. by Executive Order 13233, November 1, 2001. Re- [6] “Complete Executive Orders by President Theodore Roo- stored by Executive Order on January 21, 2009.) sevelt”. [7] “Permanent Force for the Panama Canal”. 14 George H.W. Bush (1989–1993) [8] “National Academy of Sciences”. [9] “Distinguished Flying Cross Authorization”. Administration of George Bush Executive Orders Disposition Tables[22] [10] “Executive Orders Disposition Tables Index”. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). 2008-01- Executive Orders 12668–12833 22. [11] “Administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt Executive Or- 15 Bill Clinton (1993–2001) ders Disposition Tables”. [12] “Administration of Harry S Truman Executive Orders Administration of William J. Clinton Executive Orders Dispo- Disposition Tables”. sition Tables[23] [13] “Administration of Dwight D. Eisenhower Executive Or- Executive Orders 12834–13197 ders Disposition Tables”. 4 20 EXTERNAL LINKS [14] “Executive Order 10834--The flag of the United States”. [15] “Administration of John F. Kennedy Executive Orders Disposition Tables”. [16] “Administration of Lyndon B. Johnson Executive Orders Disposition Tables”. [17] “Administration of Richard Nixon Executive Orders Dis- position Tables”. [18] “Executive Order 11478”. Finduslaw.com. Retrieved 2013-12-10. [19] U.S. policy on assassinations. CNN.com 4 November 2002. Accessed 15 July 2009. [20] “Administration of Jimmy Carter Executive Orders Dis- position Tables”. [21] “Administration of Ronald Reagan Executive Orders Dis- position Tables”. [22] “Administration of George Bush Executive Orders Dispo- sition Tables”. [23] “Administration of William J. Clinton Executive Orders Disposition Tables”.