Appendix a Consultation
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Differences in Functional Trait Distribution Between Inselberg and Adjacent Matrix Floras
Hindawi Publishing Corporation International Journal of Ecology Volume 2016, Article ID 6417913, 7 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6417913 Research Article Differences in Functional Trait Distribution between Inselberg and Adjacent Matrix Floras John T. Hunter School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, Australia Correspondence should be addressed to John T. Hunter; [email protected] Received 30 June 2016; Accepted 26 September 2016 Academic Editor: Bela´ Tothm´ er´ esz´ Copyright © 2016 John T. Hunter. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Inselbergs and the adjacent matrix represent extremes of different environmental conditions and should shed light on the changing allocation of plant resources across strong and abrupt resource gradients. Here I use collated life history trait data from 840 taxa found within typical insular inselberg and adjacent matrix floras from the New England Batholith region of eastern Australia. These species were sorted into guilds of specificity to the inselberg environment. Scored traits include life form, plant height, leaf area, fruit size, seed size, mono- or polycarpy, underground storage organs, regenerative/clonality, and flowering phenology. With reduced water and nutrient resources, typical of inselbergs, allocation of plant resources to vegetative reproduction and storage organs is a disadvantage. Plants restricted to inselbergs were shorter, usually polycarpic shrubs, with smaller leaves, fruits, and seeds. Flowering time was found to be earlier and reduced in length; diaspores often have dormancy and are dispersed locally in comparison to the matrix. -
Ecological Assessment Report
Ecological Assessment Report White Rock Wind Farm Near Glen Innes, NSW Prepared by: Prepared for: RPS Epuron Pty Ltd PO Box 428 Level 11, 75 Miller Street Hamilton NSW 2303 North Sydney NSW 2060 T: +61 4940 4200 F: +61 4961 6794 E: [email protected] W: rpsgroup.com.au Report No: 104226 Version/Date: Final / March 2011 rpsgroup.com.au Document Status Review Format Issue Version Purpose of Document Orig Review Approval Date Review Date Draft 1 Draft for Client Review PH TL 23-11-10 JH 24-11-10 T Lambert 24-11-10 Draft 2 Draft for Client Review PH TL 26-11-10 - T Lambert 26-11-10 Final Final for Issue PH TL 13-12-10 JH 13-12-10 T Lambert 13-12-10 Final Revised Final for Issue PH TL 7-3-11 - T Lambert 7-3-11 Disclaimers This document is and shall remain the property of RPS. The document may only be used for the purposes for which it was commissioned and in accordance with the Terms of Engagement for the commission. Unauthorised copying or use of this document in any form whatsoever is prohibited. rpsgroup.com.au Executive Summary This report undertakes a flora and fauna assessment for a proposal south-west of Glen Innes, NSW. The proposal would comprise 119 wind turbines, with a maximum height of 150 metres, and associated powerlines and access roads. Two Endangered Ecological Communities (EECs) were identified within the study area, namely, Ribbon Gum – Mountain Gum Woodland (EEC – Ribbon Gum – Mountain Gum – Snow Gum Grassy Forest/Woodland of the New England Tableland Region) and Yellow Box Woodland (EEC White Box Yellow Box Blakely's Red Gum Woodland). -
CAEPR WORKING PAPER No. 75/2010
CENTRE FOR ABORIGINAL ECONOMIC POLICY RESEARCH Looking After Country in New South Wales: Two Case Studies of Socioeconomic Benefits for Aboriginal People J. Hunt CAEPR WORKING PAPER No. 75/2010 ANU COLLEGE OF ARTS & SOCIAL SCIENCES Series Note The Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy Research (CAEPR) was established at The Australian National University (ANU) in April 1990. Since 1 January 2010, CAEPR has operated as an academic unit within the Research School of Social Sciences in the College of Arts and Social Sciences at ANU. The Centre is funded from a variety of sources including ANU, Australian Research Council, industry and philanthropic partners, the Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, and State and Territory governments. CAEPR’s principal objective is to undertake high-quality, independent research that will assist in furthering the social and economic development and empowerment of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people throughout Australia. Its aim is to combine academic and teaching excellence on Indigenous economic and social development and public policy with realism, objectivity and relevance. CAEPR is Australia’s foremost social science research centre focusing on Indigenous economic and social policy from a national perspective. The Centre’s publications, which include the CAEPR Working Paper series established in 1999, aim to report on Indigenous circumstance, inform public debate, examine government policy, and influence policy formulation. Working Papers are often work-in-progress -
The Vegetation of Granitic Outcrop Communities on the New England Batholith of Eastern Australia
547 The vegetation of granitic outcrop communities on the New England Batholith of eastern Australia John T. Hunter and Peter J. Clarke Hunter, John T. and Clarke, Peter J. (Division of Botany, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2350) 1998. The vegetation of granitic outcrop communities on the New England Batholith of eastern Australia. Cunninghamia 5 (3): 547–618. The vegetation of 22 areas of granitic outcrops on the New England Batholith has been surveyed using semi-quantitative quadrat sampling. In total 399 0.1 ha quadrats were placed on 216 outcrops. Twenty-eight plant communities in nine major groups and an additional unsurveyed community are circumscribed. A high number of nationally rare or threatened taxa, many of which are restricted to outcrop areas, have been found in these communities along with many taxa of special note. Previous studies have over-emphasised structure which can vary considerably with negligible floristic change. Suggestions are made on potential areas for reservation. Introduction Studies concentrating on the vegetation of granitic outcrops have been undertaken throughout the world (e.g. Whitehouse 1933; Oosting & Anderson 1937; McVaugh 1943; Keever et al. 1951; Keever 1957; Hambler 1964; Murdy et al. 1970; Sharitz & McCormick 1973; Rundel 1975; Shure & Fagsdale 1977; Wyatt 1977; Phillips 1981; Phillips 1982; Wyatt 1981; Baskin & Baskin 1982; Walters 1982; Burbanck & Phillips 1983; Wyatt 1984a, b; Uno & Collins 1987; Baskin & Baskin 1988; Houle & Phillips 1988; Houle & Phillips 1989a, b; Houle 1990; Porembski et al. 1994; Ibisch et al. 1995; Porembski 1995; Porembski et al. 1996). Research into outcrops, and in particular granitic outcrops, has culminated in the formation of the ‘Inselberg-Projeckt’ supported by the Deutsche Forschungsge-meinschaft (Porembski et al. -
NPWS Annual Report 2000-2001 (PDF
Annual report 2000-2001 NPWS mission NSW national Parks & Wildlife service 2 Contents Director-General’s foreword 6 3 Conservation management 43 Working with Aboriginal communities 44 Overview 8 Joint management of national parks 44 Mission statement 8 Performance and future directions 45 Role and functions 8 Outside the reserve system 46 Partners and stakeholders 8 Voluntary conservation agreements 46 Legal basis 8 Biodiversity conservation programs 46 Organisational structure 8 Wildlife management 47 Lands managed for conservation 8 Performance and future directions 48 Organisational chart 10 Ecologically sustainable management Key result areas 12 of NPWS operations 48 Threatened species conservation 48 1 Conservation assessment 13 Southern Regional Forest Agreement 49 NSW Biodiversity Strategy 14 Caring for the environment 49 Regional assessments 14 Waste management 49 Wilderness assessment 16 Performance and future directions 50 Assessment of vacant Crown land in north-east New South Wales 19 Managing our built assets 51 Vegetation surveys and mapping 19 Buildings 51 Wetland and river system survey and research 21 Roads and other access 51 Native fauna surveys and research 22 Other park infrastructure 52 Threat management research 26 Thredbo Coronial Inquiry 53 Cultural heritage research 28 Performance and future directions 54 Conservation research and assessment tools 29 Managing site use in protected areas 54 Performance and future directions 30 Performance and future directions 54 Contributing to communities 55 2 Conservation planning -
Post-Fire Recovery of Woody Plants in the New England Tableland Bioregion
Post-fire recovery of woody plants in the New England Tableland Bioregion Peter J. ClarkeA, Kirsten J. E. Knox, Monica L. Campbell and Lachlan M. Copeland Botany, School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, AUSTRALIA. ACorresponding author; email: [email protected] Abstract: The resprouting response of plant species to fire is a key life history trait that has profound effects on post-fire population dynamics and community composition. This study documents the post-fire response (resprouting and maturation times) of woody species in six contrasting formations in the New England Tableland Bioregion of eastern Australia. Rainforest had the highest proportion of resprouting woody taxa and rocky outcrops had the lowest. Surprisingly, no significant difference in the median maturation length was found among habitats, but the communities varied in the range of maturation times. Within these communities, seedlings of species killed by fire, mature faster than seedlings of species that resprout. The slowest maturing species were those that have canopy held seed banks and were killed by fire, and these were used as indicator species to examine fire immaturity risk. Finally, we examine whether current fire management immaturity thresholds appear to be appropriate for these communities and find they need to be amended. Cunninghamia (2009) 11(2): 221–239 Introduction Maturation times of new recruits for those plants killed by fire is also a critical biological variable in the context of fire Fire is a pervasive ecological factor that influences the regimes because this time sets the lower limit for fire intervals evolution, distribution and abundance of woody plants that can cause local population decline or extirpation (Keith (Whelan 1995; Bond & van Wilgen 1996; Bradstock et al. -
2016 Census of the Vascular Plants of Tasmania
A CENSUS OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF TASMANIA, INCLUDING MACQUARIE ISLAND MF de Salas & ML Baker 2016 edition Tasmanian Herbarium, Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery Department of State Growth Tasmanian Vascular Plant Census 2016 A Census of the Vascular Plants of Tasmania, Including Macquarie Island. 2016 edition MF de Salas and ML Baker Postal address: Street address: Tasmanian Herbarium College Road PO Box 5058 Sandy Bay, Tasmania 7005 UTAS LPO Australia Sandy Bay, Tasmania 7005 Australia © Tasmanian Herbarium, Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery Published by the Tasmanian Herbarium, Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery GPO Box 1164 Hobart, Tasmania 7001 Australia www.tmag.tas.gov.au Cite as: de Salas, M.F. and Baker, M.L. (2016) A Census of the Vascular Plants of Tasmania, Including Macquarie Island. (Tasmanian Herbarium, Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery. Hobart) www.tmag.tas.gov.au ISBN 978-1-921599-83-5 (PDF) 2 Tasmanian Vascular Plant Census 2016 Introduction The classification systems used in this Census largely follow Cronquist (1981) for flowering plants (Angiosperms) and McCarthy (1998) for conifers, ferns and their allies. The same classification systems are used to arrange the botanical collections of the Tasmanian Herbarium and by the Flora of Australia series published by the Australian Biological Resources Study (ABRS). For a more up-to-date classification of the flora refer to The Flora of Tasmania Online (Duretto 2009+) which currently follows APG II (2003). This census also serves as an index to The Student’s Flora of Tasmania (Curtis 1963, 1967, 1979; Curtis & Morris 1975, 1994). Species accounts can be found in The Student’s Flora of Tasmania by referring to the volume and page number reference that is given in the rightmost column (e.g. -
Typification of Gnaphalium Collinum Var. Monocephalum (Gnaphalieae
C.Nuytsia Flann, 20: P.G. 1–5 Wilson (2010) & J.J. Wieringa, Typification of Gnaphalium collinum 1 Typification ofGnaphalium collinum var. monocephalum (Gnaphalieae: Asteraceae) and clarification of related material Christina Flann1, Paul G. Wilson2 and Jan J. Wieringa1 1Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis (section NHN), Wageningen University Branch, Biosystematics Group, Generaal Foulkesweg 37, 6703BL Wageningen, The Netherlands 2Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Environment and Conservation, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Bentley, Western Australia 6983 Email: [email protected] Abstract Flann, C., Wilson, P.G. & Wieringa, J.J. Typification ofGnaphalium collinum var. monocephalum (Gnaphalieae: Asteraceae) and clarification of related material.Nuytsia 20: 1–5 (2010). The protologue of Gnaphalium collinum var. monocephalum Hook.f. cites three gatherings which are now considered to be referable to three different taxa known by the names Euchiton lateralis (C.J.Webb) Breitw. & J.M.Ward, Euchiton traversii (Hook.f.) Holub and Argyrotegium mackayi (Buchanan) J.M.Ward & Breitw. This has caused confusion regarding the typification and application of J.D.Hooker’s varietal name. This article resolves the uncertainty and provides a corrected synonymy for all the taxa involved. Introduction Recent taxonomic work in the genus Euchiton Cass. (Flann et al. 2008) has raised questions about the name Gnaphalium collinum var. monocephalum Hook.f. (1859) as there has been confusion regarding its application resulting from issues of typification (Drury 1972, Ward et al. 2003). The protologue included three gatherings which are now referred to three different taxa known as Euchiton lateralis (C.J.Webb) Breitw. & J.M.Ward, Euchiton traversii (Hook.f.) Holub and Argyrotegium mackayi (Buchanan) J.M.Ward & Breitw. -
Clock Model Makes a Large Difference to Age Estimates of Long-Stemmed
Crisp et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2014, 14:263 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/14/263 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Clock model makes a large difference to age estimates of long-stemmed clades with no internal calibration: a test using Australian grasstrees Michael D Crisp1*, Nate B Hardy2 and Lyn G Cook3 Abstract Background: Estimating divergence times in phylogenies using a molecular clock depends on accurate modeling of nucleotide substitution rates in DNA sequences. Rate heterogeneity among lineages is likely to affect estimates, especially in lineages with long stems and short crowns (?broom?clades) and no internal calibration. We evaluate the performance of the random local clocks model (RLC) and the more routinely employed uncorrelated lognormal relaxed clock model (UCLN) in situations in which a significant rate shift occurs on the stem branch of a broom clade. We compare the results of simulations to empirical results from analyses of a real rate-heterogeneous taxon ? Australian grass trees (Xanthorrhoea) ?whose substitution rate is slower than in its sister groups, as determined by relative rate tests. Results: In the simulated datasets, the RLC model performed much better than UCLN: RLC correctly estimated the age of the crown node of slow-rate broom clades, whereas UCLN estimates were consistently too young. Similarly, in the Xanthorrhoea dataset, UCLN returned significantly younger crown ages than RLC (mean estimates respectively 3?6 Ma versus 25?35 Ma). In both real and simulated datasets, Bayes Factor tests strongly favored the RLC model over the UCLN model. Conclusions: The choice of an unsuitable molecular clock model can strongly bias divergence time estimates. -
Vegetation and Floristics of Ironbark Nature Reserve & Bornhardtia
Vegetation and Floristics of Ironbark Nature Reserve & Bornhardtia Voluntary Conservation Area Dr John T. Hunter (aka Thomas D. McGann) August 2002 © J.T.Hunter 2002 75 Kendall Rd, Invergowrie NSW, 2350 Ph. & Fax: (02) 6775 2452 Email: [email protected] A Report to the New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Service i Vegetation of Ironbark & Bornhardtia Summary The vegetation of Ironbark Nature Reserve and the Bornhardtia Voluntary Conservation Area is described and mapped (scale 1:25 000). Eleven communities are defined based on classification (Kulczynski association) with further sub-assemblages described. These eleven communities were mapped based on ground truthing, air photo interpretation and landform. One community is listed as Endangered on state and federal acts (TSC & EPB&C Acts), three are considered here to be vulnerable and all others are considered to be poorly or inadequately reserved across their range. Most communities are of woodland and open forest structure. The communities show considerable variation and intergrade along common boundaries and in particular on intermediate soil types. Drainage, Easting, Soil Depth, Physiography and protection from the North were the major correlative influences on community distribution, however Northing and Rock Type were also strongly correlated. A total of 477 vascular plant taxa were found from 93 families and 269 genera. At least 39 species are considered of significance, 30 are of regional significance and a further nine are of state or national significance. Two species are listed on the TSC Act, one as Endangered and one as Vulnerable nine are RoTAP listed species or are listed under this criteria in other publications. -
Vegetation and Floristics of Butterleaf National Park, Butterleaf State Conservation Area and the Bezzants Lease
Vegetation and Floristics of Butterleaf National Park, Butterleaf State Conservation Area and the Bezzants Lease Dr John T. Hunter May 2011 23 Kendall Rd, Invergowrie NSW, 2350 Ph. & Fax: (02) 6775 2452 Email: [email protected] A Report to the New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Service & the Nature Conservation Trust of NSW i Vegetation of Butterleaf & Bezzants Lease Summary The vegetation of the Butterleaf National Park and State Conservation Area and Bezzant’s Lease is described and mapped (scale 1:25 000). Nine communities and three sub-associations are defined based on classification (Kulczynski association). These eight communities and three sub-associations were mapped based on ground truthing, air photo interpretation and landform. The communities described and their status is: Floristic Community Area Reservation Status C1a: Eucalyptus radiata – E. Not listed as a community of concern though 1,875 ha campanulata – E. obliqua likely a unique association within the area. C1b: Eucalyptus obliqua – E. Not listed as a community of concern. 263 ha brunnea – E. saligna C1c: Eucalyptus campanulata Not listed as a community of concern. 250 ha – E. obliqua – E. saligna C2: Eucalyptus acaciiformis – Likely to be included as an Endangered Angophora floribunda Ecological Community within the Montane 8.7 ha Peatlands and Swamps determination of the TSC Act. C3: Eucalyptus caliginosa – Not listed as a community of concern though E. bridgesiana – E. 433 ha likely a unique association within the area. laevopinea C4: Eucalyptus nova-anglica Would fall within the Endangered Ecological – E. acaciiformis – E. 39.8 ha Community New England Peppermint subtilior Woodland on the TSC and EPBC Acts. -
BANKS & SOLANDER BOTANICAL COLLECTIONS TAI RAWHITI Ewen
BANKS & SOLANDER BOTANICAL COLLECTIONS TAI RAWHITI Ewen Cameron, Botanist, Auckland War Memorial Museum In 1769 Garden In Florilegium 1. TAONEROA (POVERTY BAY) FERNS 39: Pteridium esculentum (G.Forst.) Cockayne PTERIS ESCULENTA Ts 220; MS 1533 Pteris esculenta G.Forst. (1786) Fig.pict. (BF 568) Maori - e anuhe [aruhe] "the root is edible after being roasted over a fire and finally bruised with a mallet, serving the natives in place of bread. We have heard the roasted root called he taura by the New Zealanders." Hab. - extremely abundant on the hills - 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 AK 114337, 189113; WELT P9484 ANGIOSPERMS a. (a) Dicotyledons Aizoaceae 50: Tetragonia tetragonioides (Pallas) Kuntze Florilegium TETRAGONIA CORNUTA Ts 115; MS 687 Tetragonia cornuta Gaertn. (1791) Fig.pict. (BF 532) Hab. - in sand and along the seashore - 1,2,3,4,6,7 AK 100180-100181, 184590; WELT 63687 Apiaceae 53: Apium prostratum Labill. ex Vent. var. prostratum APIUM DECUMBENS α SAPIDUM Ts 71; MS 379 Fig.pict. (BF 460) Maori - tutagavai, he tutaiga [tutae-koau] Hab. - by the seashore, abundant throughout - 1-8 AK 189279; WELT 63736 57: Hydrocotyle heteromeria A.Rich. HYDROCOTYLE GLABRATA Ts 64; MS 338 Fig.pict. Maori - he totara, tara Hab. - damp shady places - 1,2,3,4,7 AK 104432; WELT 63735 60: Scandia rosifolia (Hook.) Dawson Florilegium LIGUSTICUM AROMATICUM Ts 70; MS 360 Ligusticum aromaticum Hook.f. (1864) Fig.pict. (BF 461) Maori - koerik [koheriki] Hab. - on forest margins and in meadows - 1,2,3,4,6 AK 189114; WELT 63739 Asteraceae 70: Brachyglottis repanda J.R.Forst.