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The Tradition of the Female Deacon in the Eastern Churches
The Tradition of the Female Deacon in the Eastern Churches Valerie Karras, Th.D., Ph.D. and Caren Stayer, Ph.D. St. Phoebe Center Conference on “Women and Diaconal Ministry in the Orthodox Church: Past, Present, and Future” Union Theological Seminary, New York, NY December 6, 2014 PURPOSE OF HISTORY SESSION • To briefly review the scholarship on the history of the deaconess, both East and West • To lay the groundwork for discussions later in the day about the present and future • To familiarize everyone with material you can take with you • Book list; book sales • We ask you to share and discuss this historical material with others in your parish TIMELINE—REJUVENATION FROM PATRISTIC PERIOD (4TH -7TH C.) • Apostolic period (AD 60-80): Letters of Paul (Rom 16:1 re Phoebe) • Subapostolic period (late 1st/early 2nd c.): deutero-Pauline epistles (I Tim. 3), letter of Trajan to Pliny the Younger • Byzantine period (330-1453) − comparable to Early, High, and Late Middle Ages plus early Renaissance in Western Europe • Early church manuals (Didascalia Apostolorum, late 3rd/early 4th c.; Testamentum Domini, c.350; Apostolic Constitutions, c.370, Syriac) • 325-787: Seven Ecumenical Councils • Saints’ lives, church calendars, typika (monastic rules), homilies, grave inscriptions, letters • 988: conversion of Vladimir and the Rus’ • 12th c. or earlier: office of deaconess in Byz. church fell into disuse • Early modern period in America • 1768: first group of Greek Orthodox arrives in what is now Florida • 1794: first formal Russian Orthodox mission arrives in what is now Alaska BYZANTINE EMPIRE AND FIVE PATRIARCHATES CIRCA 565 A.D. -
Finding Fellowship and Love in a Sacramental, Communal Meal A
Liberty University School of Divinity Sharing the Lord’s Supper: Finding Fellowship and Love in a Sacramental, Communal Meal A Thesis Project Report Submitted to the Faculty of the School of Divinity in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Ministry Department of Christian Leadership and Church Ministries by Josh Peterson Lynchburg, Virginia November 30, 2020 November 13, 2020 ii THE DOCTOR OF MINISTRY THESIS PROJECT ABSTRACT Josh Peterson Liberty University School of Divinity, 2020 Mentor: Dr. Samuel Olarewaju This thesis project identifies the biblical practice of celebrating the Lord’s Supper weekly in conjunction with a communal meal. At this project’s Ministry Context, Garden City Bible Fellowship, there is a lack of fellowship and love. This project investigates whether the implementation of the Lord’s Supper and a communal meal on a weekly basis will build fellowship and love in a biblical way. After being approved by the leadership of this church, the topic will be introduced to the congregation via a sermon on the subject, culminating in a question and answer session for anyone who has questions before participating. Research will begin by participants voluntarily and anonymously completing an introductory survey, which will reveal their current views on the Lord’s Supper and the love feast. These participants will then voluntarily participate in the Lord’s Supper and the communal meal weekly for the next five weeks. Subsequently, those who have participated in three or more communal meals will complete the conclusory survey, -
Baptist Trail of Blood Theory)
The Blood of Baptists “Losing the Trail” (Some Brief Comments on the Baptist Trail of Blood Theory) By Pastor Kelly Sensenig The Trail Theory The “Trail of Blood” was written by J. M. Carroll in 1931 and is published by Ashland Avenue Baptist Church in Lexington Kentucky. It is a small booklet of fifty-six pages containing a proposed timeline of Baptist churches back to the days of Jesus. By 1994 over 1,955,000 copies had been printed and it has gained great popularity among some Baptist Fundamentalist groups. The perpetuity view is often identified with this booklet called “The Trail of Blood,” which was a successionist pamphlet by J.M. Carrol that was published in 1931. In it the author contends that the Baptist brethren have a direct link back to the days of John the Baptist, Christ, the apostles, and the first churches. It’s alleged by some that John the Baptist was commissioned by Jesus to start the Baptist Church, that the true churches would eventually bear his name, and that John the Baptizer taught Baptist doctrine. The apostles and first churches followed in this same train and started a Baptist trail that independent Baptist churches have followed since the times of the apostles. In some Baptist books and colleges, it is taught that only independent Baptist churches are part of the true Bride of Christ. Other Baptist writers holding the perpetuity view are Thomas Crosby, G.H. Orchard, J.M. Cramp, William Cathcart, Adam Taylor and D.B. Ray. Some have suggested that this view was also held by English Baptist preacher, Charles Spurgeon, by his statement in one sermon in the “New Park Street Pulpit,” page 225. -
Anabaptists, Mennonites, Hutterites, Amish and Brethren
Church History Literacy Anabaptists, Hutterites, Mennonites, Amish and Brethren Part 2 Lesson 57 Biblical-Literacy.com © Copyright 2007 by W. Mark Lanier. Permission hereby granted to reprint this document in its entirety without change, with reference given, and not for financial profit. Apostolic Catholic Coptic East/West Lutheran Anabaptists Mennonites/Hutterites Amish/Brethren ZurichZurich 15221522 Ulrich Zwingli Attacking “Tithes” JanuaryJanuary 15231523 ““DisputationDisputation”” JanuaryJanuary 15231523 ““DisputationDisputation”” • 600 of 5,000 attend JanuaryJanuary 15231523 ““DisputationDisputation”” • 600 of 5,000 attend • Zwingli treats as a meeting of the Zurich Church with City Council empowered to make binding decisions JanuaryJanuary 15231523 ““DisputationDisputation”” • 600 of 5,000 attend • Zwingli treats as a meeting of the Zurich Church with City Council empowered to make binding decisions • Zwingli moderates his tone OctoberOctober (1523)(1523) 2d2d ““DisputationDisputation”” OctoberOctober (1523)(1523) 2d2d ““DisputationDisputation”” • 900 of 5,000 attend OctoberOctober (1523)(1523) 2d2d ““DisputationDisputation”” • 900 of 5,000 attend • Images in churches OctoberOctober (1523)(1523) 2d2d ““DisputationDisputation”” • 900 of 5,000 attend • Images in churches • Catholic Mass OctoberOctober (1523)(1523) 2d2d ““DisputationDisputation”” • 900 of 5,000 attend • Removed in several • Images in churches months • Catholic Mass OctoberOctober (1523)(1523) 2d2d ““DisputationDisputation”” • 900 of 5,000 attend • Removed in several -
Migration Patterns, Old German Baptist Brethren
November 10, 1988 Coordinated and Compiled by - Gerald C. Wagoner, Sr. 5110 N. Croft Mill Rd. Bradford, OH 45308 With Assistance From - Gladys (Cool) Royer 25457 C. R. 43 Goshen, IN 46526 & Lowell H. Beachier 1612 W. Grayson Rd. Modesto, CA 9'5359 qs3;i information Pertaining to Old Order River Brethren by - Stephen Scott R#1 - Box 362 Columbia, PA 17512 OLD GERMAN BAPTIST BRTHR: MIGRATION PATTERNS October 17, 1988 In the early years, settlement of the Brethren in the eastern portions of the United States, is very ably told by the various Brethren historians. Included in this sto are ancestors of the Old German Baptist Brethren along with family progenitors of all Brethren groups. While this portion of writing deals directly with genealogical interests and pursuits of Old Order families - we will begin by offering a bit of general information. As Brethren began coming to Germantown, Pennsylvania in 1719 & 179, ever pushing westward to new frontiers, the migration never really stopped until they reached the west coast many decades later. Maryland & Virginia began to be settled before the Revolution and just prior to 1800, members were found as far west as Kentucky, Ohio and even Missouri. Through the Pittsburgh and Ohio River gateways, most of the remaining states were settled. Railroads also played a significant role in colonizing the western states. Our attention will now center around migration patterns and family names of brethren in the Old German Baptist Brotherhood. After Kansas, Iowa and Nebraska were settled, cheap land and new frontiers continued to lure the Lrethren westward as the twentieth century approached. -
Frequently Asked Questions About the Amish
Fall 2017 | vol 27, no 1 Frequently Asked Questions about the Amish Perspectives source: Amish Studies by the Young Center for Anabaptist and Pietist Studies at Elizabethtown (Pa.) College by Susan Miller managing director Q: How many Amish live in North America? I had the privilege of taking A: About 318,500 adults and children. This is an part in a class last winter that increase of approximately 10,360 since 2016, a impacted my life like nothing growth rate of 3.36 percent. In most communities, ever has before. over half of the population is under 18 years of age. Perspectives of a World Thus, the number of baptized adult church members Christian Movement has truly is likely about 143,300. given me new perspective in world missions. Stories of Q: When did the how unreached people Amish begin? groups are being reached, A: They trace their roots and the methods of how this to the Anabaptist is being done, was movement in absolutely fascinating and exciting. Switzerland in 1525 at As usual, my sense of the time of the adventure was stirred and I Protestant Reformation. was ready to jump onto the The Anabaptists next plane going somewhere emphasized voluntary …..anywhere! However, I adult baptism and a usually don’t have the church that was free from state control. Because chance to do just that right most had been baptized as infants, they were away—which is good. I did, nicknamed rebaptizers or Anabaptists. The Amish however, feel a strong sense of the Holy Spirit leading me were part of this movement until 1693 when they to rethink what I am doing formed their own group in Switzerland and the with my life and ask myself, Alsatian region of present-day France. -
Hymnody of Eastern Pennsylvania German Mennonite Communities: Notenbüchlein (Manuscript Songbooks) from 1780 to 1835
HYMNODY OF EASTERN PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN MENNONITE COMMUNITIES: NOTENBÜCHLEIN (MANUSCRIPT SONGBOOKS) FROM 1780 TO 1835 by Suzanne E. Gross Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Maryland in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 1994 Advisory Committee: Professor Howard Serwer, Chairman/Advisor Professor Carol Robertson Professor Richard Wexler Professor Laura Youens Professor Hasia Diner ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: HYMNODY OF EASTERN PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN MENNONITE COMMUNITIES: NOTENBÜCHLEIN (MANUSCRIPT SONGBOOKS) FROM 1780 TO 1835 Suzanne E. Gross, Doctor of Philosophy, 1994 Dissertation directed by: Dr. Howard Serwer, Professor of Music, Musicology Department, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland As part of an effort to maintain their German culture, the late eighteenth-century Mennonites of Eastern Pennsylvania instituted hymn-singing instruction in the elementary community schoolhouse curriculum. Beginning in 1780 (or perhaps earlier), much of the hymn-tune repertoire, previously an oral tradition, was recorded in musical notation in manuscript songbooks (Notenbüchlein) compiled by local schoolmasters in Mennonite communities north of Philadelphia. The practice of giving manuscript songbooks to diligent singing students continued until 1835 or later. These manuscript songbooks are the only extant clue to the hymn repertoire and performance practice of these Mennonite communities at the turn of the nineteenth century. By identifying the tunes that recur most frequently, one can determine the core repertoire of the Franconia Mennonites at this time, a repertoire that, on balance, is strongly pietistic in nature. Musically, the Notenbüchlein document the shift that occured when these Mennonite communities incorporated written transmission into their oral tradition. -
A Study of Early Anabaptism As Minority Religion in German Fiction
Heresy or Ideal Society? A Study of Early Anabaptism as Minority Religion in German Fiction DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Ursula Berit Jany Graduate Program in Germanic Languages and Literatures The Ohio State University 2013 Dissertation Committee: Professor Barbara Becker-Cantarino, Advisor Professor Katra A. Byram Professor Anna Grotans Copyright by Ursula Berit Jany 2013 Abstract Anabaptism, a radical reform movement originating during the sixteenth-century European Reformation, sought to attain discipleship to Christ by a separation from the religious and worldly powers of early modern society. In my critical reading of the movement’s representations in German fiction dating from the seventeenth to the twentieth century, I explore how authors have fictionalized the religious minority, its commitment to particular theological and ethical aspects, its separation from society, and its experience of persecution. As part of my analysis, I trace the early historical development of the group and take inventory of its chief characteristics to observe which of these aspects are selected for portrayal in fictional texts. Within this research framework, my study investigates which social and religious principles drawn from historical accounts and sources influence the minority’s image as an ideal society, on the one hand, and its stigmatization as a heretical and seditious sect, on the other. As a result of this analysis, my study reveals authors’ underlying programmatic aims and ideological convictions cloaked by their literary articulations of conflict-laden encounters between society and the religious minority. -
The Mysteries of Christian Initiation with the Divine Liturgy of Our Holy Father John Chrysostom
The Mysteries of Christian Initiation with The Divine Liturgy of Our Holy Father John Chrysostom Foreword This edition of the Mysteries of Christian Initiation with the Divine Liturgy of Our Holy Father John Chrysostom has been excerpted from the Rite of Christian Initiation, which was approved and promulgated for use in the Eparchy of Passaic on the 1st Day of January 1997, and published by Eastern Christian Publications, Fairfax, VA. The original text has been updated for consistency with the official English translation and musical settings of the Carpathian Plainchant as rendered in The Divine Liturgies of our Holy Fathers Saint John Chrysostom and Basil the Great, which was promulgated by the Byzantine Metropolitan Church Sui Juris of Pittsburgh, U.S.A. in 2007. This edition is intended for the Mysteries of Christian Initiation with the Divine Liturgy of Our Holy Father John Chrysostom when celebrated outside the Paschal Season. This booklet is for private use only. Mysteries of Christian Initiation STAND The faithful stand when the preparatory rites are completed and the great incensation of the church takes place. Then the clergy quietly say the prayers before commencing the Divine Liturgy, and the holy doors are opened. The celebrant meets the candidate in the vestibule, to enroll (him-her) into the Catechumenate. The candidate and sponsors face east (i.e., toward the altar). The celebrant breathes three times upon the face, signs the forehead and chest three times and, placing his hand upon the candidate’s head, says the following: Celebrant: In your name, O Lord, the God of truth, and in the name of your only Son and of your Holy Spirit, I lay my hand upon your servant (Name) whom you have deemed worthy to take refuge in your holy name and to be protected under the cover of your wings. -
Irenaeus Shed Considerable Light on the Place of Pentecostal Thought for Histories That Seek to Be International and Ecumenical
Orphans or Widows? Seeing Through A Glass Darkly By Dr. Harold D. Hunter Abstract Scholars seeking to map the antecedents of Pentecostal distinctives in early Christendom turn to standard reference works expecting to find objective summaries of the writings of Church Fathers and Mothers. Apparently dismissing the diversity of the biblical canon itself, the writers of these reference works can be found manipulating patristic texts in ways which reinforce the notion that the Classical Pentecostal Movement is a historical aberration. This prejudice is evident in the selection of texts and how they are translated and indexed as well as the surgical removal of pertinent sections of the original texts. This problem can be set right only by extensive reading of the original sources in the original languages. The writings of Irenaeus shed considerable light on the place of Pentecostal thought for histories that seek to be international and ecumenical. Introduction I began advanced study of classical Pentecostal distinctives at Fuller Theological Seminary in the early 1970s. Among those offering good advice was the then academic dean of Vanguard University in nearby Costa Mesa, California, Russell P. Spittler. While working on a patristic project, Spittler emphasized the need for me to engage J. Quasten and like scholars. More recently I utilized Quasten et al in dialogue with William Henn in a paper presented to the International Roman Catholic - Pentecostal Dialogue which convened July 23-29, 1999 in Venice, Italy. What follows is the substance of the paper delivered at that meeting.i The most influential editions of Church Fathers and Mothers available in the 20th Century suffered from inadequate translation of key passages. -
Analysis of Hutterite Breastfeeding Patterns
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2006 Analysis of Hutterite breastfeeding patterns Christine Smith The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Smith, Christine, "Analysis of Hutterite breastfeeding patterns" (2006). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 5556. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/5556 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Maureen and Mike MANSFIELD LIBRARY The University of Montana Permission is granted by the author to reproduce this material in its entirety, provided that this material is used for scholarly purposes and is properly cited in published works and reports. **Please check "Yes" or "No" and provide signature** Yes, I grant permission \f No, I do not grant permission______ Author's Signature: . Date: .^Q|/q (/> Any copying for commercial purposes or financial gain may be undertaken only with the author's explicit consent. AN ANALYSIS OF HUTTERITE BREASTFEEDING PATTERNS by Christine Smith B.A. University of Montana, 1999 presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts The University of Montana May 2006 Approved by rperson Dean, Graduate School Date UMI Number: EP41020 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. -
The Acolyte Service Handbook
St. Demetrios Greek Orthodox Church 815 NE 15th Street • Fort Lauderdale, FL 33301 PHONE (954)-467-1515• FAX (954)-467-0212 THE ACOLYTE SERVICE HANDBOOK Thank You to Fr. Christos Mars for creating such a wonderful resource for Acolytes and allowing us to customize it for our use here at St. Demetrios. 2 Acolyte PLEDGE HEAVENLY HIGH PRIEST JESUS CHRIST— I, an Acolyte of the Annunciation Cathedral, solemnly promise to serve You faithfully, obediently, and reverently. Let nothing separate me from You. If I am weak in my faith, strengthen me. Help me to devote myself to Your Holy Gifts. Guide me in the path that leads to Your Kingdom. Teach me to become a better Christian so that I may wear the Altar Boy’s robe worthily and in humility. My prayer is to serve You in all my thoughts, words and deeds and to become a better Orthodox Christian so that in all I do I may testify to Your glory. For blessed is the Holy Trinity, the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit now and forever and unto the ages of ages Amen. 3 FOR THOSE SERVING IN THE HOLY ALTAR 1. Remember that you serve in the holiest and most sacred part of the Church. Being in the Altar is a rare honor and privilege. You are close to Jesus Christ and His Holy Angels. You are at the Altar Table where the sacrificial offering of the precious Body and Blood of Christ is made. 2. Christ wants those who serve Him in the Altar to be reverent and clean in body and soul.