DOCSLIB.ORG

Global Civil Society 2011

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Global Civil Society 2011 i ii Global Civil Society 2011 Globality and the Absence of Justice Executive Editors: Martin Albrow and Hakan Seckinelgin Editors: Helmut Anheier, Marlies Glasius, Mary Kaldor, Gil-Sung Park, Chandan Sengupta Managing Editor: Fiona Holland © LSE Global Governance, London School of Economics and Political Science and Hertie School of Governance, Berlin 2011 Reprint of the original edition 2011 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2011 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries ISBN 978-0-230-27201-9 ISBN 978-0-230-30380-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230303805 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Consultations Global Civil Society and Justice Workshop, Institute of Social Research, Korea University, 1–2 December 2009. In conjunction with the Foundation of Young Professionals Institute, Korea. Participants: Martin Albrow, Elazar Barkan, Il-Joon Chung, Layne Hartsell, Chul-Kyoo Kim, Matti Kohonen, C.S. Moon, Eva Nag, Jaelim Oh, Kyung-Suk Oh, Gil-Sung Park, Hakan Seckinelgin, Fang-Long Shih, Hwaji Shin, Heisoo Shin, Kyung-Suk, Hung Wong. Global Civil Society and Justice Workshop, Chulalongkorn University, 7–9 January 2010. In conjunction with the Tata Institute of Social Sciences, LSE India Observatory, Chulalongkorn University’s Peace and Conflict Studies Center, Chula Global Network, Faculty of Political Science, and the Social Research Institute, as well as the Mekong Program on Water, Environment and Resilience (MPOWER). Participants: Narumon Arunotai, Voravidh Charoenloet, Nguyen Van Chinh, Millie Creighton, Pianporn Deetes, John Dore, Marlies Glasius, Sofia Goinhas, Dorothy Guerrero, Sang-Jin Han, Fiona Holland, Ruth Kattumuri, Keokam Kraisorahpong, Vithaya Kulsomboon, Rohit Mutatkar, Ayehlaphyu M Mutraw, Gil-Sung Park, Amara Pongsapich, Sundar Sarukkai, Hakan Seckelgin, Madhushree Sekher, Sabine Selchow, Chandan Sengupta, Bach Tan Sinh, Penchom Tang, Naruemon Thabchumpon, Sai Thakur, Lawan Thanadsillapakul, Chantana Banpasirichote Wungaeo, Surichai Wungaeo, Martin Vielajus, Maung Zarni. Other Input Guest Boxes Ginanne Brownell, Elisabeth Dau, Christoph Eberhard, Armine Ishkanian, Naina Khanna, Néné Konaté, Mélisa Lopez, Sandra Schilen, Aisha Shaheed, Hwaji Shin, Sai Thakur, Helene Theros, UN NGLS, Priyanka Varma, Leslie Vinjamuri. Research and Editorial Assistance Chris Dance (indexer), Sean Deel (chronology maps), Sally Stares (data editor). Financial and Other Support In addition to the institutions supporting workshops highlighted above, we gratefully acknowledge the support of the following: Irfan Mowjee Benevolent Fund Jamsetji Tata Trust Paresh Kanani CONTENTS List of Maps, Boxes, Figures and Tables viii Contributors ix Introduction: Globality and the Absence of Justice 1 Martin Albrow and Hakan Seckinelgin PART I: FORGIVE AND FORGET? COLLECTIVE MEMORY AND THE QUEST FOR JUSTICE Introduction 12 Mary Kaldor and Sabine Selchow 1 Seeking Justice, Honour and Dignity: Movement for the Victims of Japanese Military Sexual Slavery 14 Heisoo Shin 2 Addressing Injustice through State, Local Culture and Global Civil Society: The White Terror Incidents in Taiwan 30 Fang-Long Shih 3 Reconciliation and Transitional Justice: The Contribution of Forgiveness Towards Healing and Restoration 38 Ruth Kattumuri and Amalie Kvame Holm 4 Historians and Conflict Resolution: The Challenge of Advocacy to Scholarship 48 Elazar Barkan PART II: NETWORKING FOR GLOBAL CIVIL SOCIETY Introduction 62 Helmut Anheier 5 Anti-Slavery and the Redefining of Justice 64 Kevin Bales and Jody Sarich 6 Pathways Towards Tax Justice 78 Matti Kohonen, Attiya Waris and John Christensen 7 Transnational Networks of ‘Self-Representation’: An Alternative Form of Struggle for Global Justice 88 Martin Vielajus and Nicolas Haeringer PART III: ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE Introduction 104 Hakan Seckinelgin 8 Community-Based Environmental Governance and Local Justice 108 Madhushree Sekher and Geetanjoy Sahu 9 The Global Climate Justice Movement 120 Dorothy Guerrero 10 Food Sovereignty and Food Politics in South Korea 128 Layne Hartsell and Chul-Kyoo Kim vi | GLOBAL CIVIL SOCIETY 2011 PART IV: TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE Introduction 134 Marlies Glasius 11 A Plural Approach to the Definition of Social Justice 138 Séverine Bellina 12 Transitional Justice in Sierra Leone 152 Case Study 1: Community-Based Justice and Reconciliation 152 Sofia Goinhas Case Study 2: Seeing Justice Done: Outreach and Civil Society at the Special Court for Sierra Leone 157 Sara Kendall and Alpha Sesay 13 Global Civil Society and Transitional Justice 162 Iavor Rangelov and Ruti Teitel PART V: STATE, NATION AND GLOBAL JUSTICE Introduction 180 Chandan Sengupta 14 Japan’s Article 9 Renunciation of War as a Model Towards Justice and a Global Civil Society of Peace 182 Millie Creighton 15 Delivering Social Justice for North Korean Refugees in South Korea: Global and Local Spheres of Civil Society 196 Gil-Sung Park and C.S. Moon 16 The Bottom-up Pursuit of Justice: The Case of Two Burmas 206 Maung Zarni 17 State, Civil Society and Justice: The Case of India 222 Rohit Mutatkar Index 233 CONTENTS | vii LIST OF MAPS, BOXES, FIGURES AND TABLES Maps Chronology of Selected Global Civil Society Events Relating to the Global Financial Crisis 8 Chronology of Selected Global Civil Society Events Relating to Climate Change and Other Environmental Issues 106 Chronology of Selected Global Civil Society Events Relating to Elections 136 Boxes 5.1 Liberation in Northern India 71 6.1 Illicit Financial Flows from Developing and Transitional Countries 80 7.1 Reframing Participation: Grassroots Women Claim Global Recognition as Community Developers 90 7.2 Power Base, Not Support Group 92 7.3 Women and Laws: Solidarity through Legal Literacy 96 7.4 The Dialogue between the United Nations System and ‘People’s Organisations’ 100 11.1 Women’s Rights versus Virginity Tests in an Indian Context 142 11.2 Between State Justice and Customary Law: Mediation as a Vector of Social Justice? 144 11.3 Towards an International Law as Founded in a Pluricultural Approach? The Inter-American Court of Human Rights 146 11.4 Mali’s Multi-Actor Forum on Governance 148 12.1 PRM SL’s Approach 156 13.1 The Faces of Civil Society 165 13.2 Religious Actors in Transitional Justice 171 13.3 Civil Society Resistance to Normalising Turkish-Armenian Relations 173 14.1 Globalisation and Korean Activism in Japan 187 17.1 Racism, Caste-Based Discrimination and Global Civil Society 224 17.2 Holding the State Accountable 231 Figures I.1 Ties, Holes and Folds 63 5.1 Measuring Slavery 66 8.1 Links between Community-Based Ecosystem Management and Justice 111 16.1 Burma’s Domestic Sphere of Injustices and Dynamics of Seeking Justice 215 16.2 Perceptions of Justice 215 Tables 8.1 Governance Incentives in Community-Based Resource Management Strategies that Shape the Way Justice is Perceived 116 10.1 Grain Production and Self-Sufficiency Rates in South Korea (2006) 130 13.1 Discourses and Conceptions of Justice in Global Civil Society 175 viii | GLOBAL CIVIL SOCIETY 2011 CONTRIBUTORS Martin Albrow has worked since 1961 as an academic corporations for policy change, and carries out research. sociologist teaching and researching in a number In his 2007 book Ending Slavery: How We Free Today’s of universities, becoming Emeritus Professor of the Slaves, Kevin outlines a 25-year plan to stop slavery and University of Wales in 1987. In the 1980s after a spell human trafficking, identifying what governments, the as editor of Sociology, journal of the British Sociological UN, businesses, communities and individuals can do to Association, and President of the Association, Martin end bondage. Kevin is also the author of The Slave Next became founding editor of International Sociology, Door: Human Trafficking and Slavery in America Today journal of the International Sociological Association in (with Ron Soodalter), Understanding Global Slavery, 1986, out of which he compiled, with Elizabeth King, and the co-author of four other books. In his academic Globalization, Knowledge and Society (Sage 1990) for career, after teaching there 13 years, Kevin is Emeritus the 4,000 delegates to the 1990 Madrid World Congress Professor at Roehampton University in London and of Sociology, effectively the launch for globalisation visiting Professor at the Wilberforce Institute for the as a major sociological field. His discontent with the Study of Slavery and Emancipation, University of deterministic interpretation of economic globalisation Hull. He holds an MSc in economic history and PhD and with the stalled debate on modernity and in social sciences from LSE.
Recommended publications
  • ALFP 2006 Program Report

    ALFP 2006 Program Report

    COMMUNITIES IN ACTION COMMUNITIES IN ACTION Struggle for Peace and Sustainability in Asia Published by International House of Japan & Japan Foundation Date of publication September 2007 ©International House of Japan 5-11-16 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan 106-0032 Tel: 81-3-3470 3211 Fax: 81-3-3470 3170 Email: [email protected] URL: www.i-house.or.jp Cover & illustration Raphael Ahmed Layout & design Lim So-Youn, Jang Ik-Su Printed in Japan CONTENTS Preface Part 1: Sixty Days’ Chronicle A Decade of Collaboration 11 Naoko Shimamura Profile of 2006 Fellows 17 Eight Weeks’ Sojourn 21 Discourse and Dialogue 45 Part 2: Envisioning Community-Building Unmasking Identity 139 Maria Hartiningsih From Revolution to Devolution: How democracy’s “long tail” 159 can sustain press freedom, development and peace in Asia Kunda Dixit Democracy, Development and Diversity 183 Mohiuddin Ahmad Building Cultural Sustainability among Young Communities in Asia 209 Janet Pillai Toward the Futures which Bring Back Our Wisdoms Within: 227 Shifting theDirection of Development Kamata Yoji NGO Initiatives in Northeast Asia Environmental Cooperation: 243 Cases of KFEM-Jilin, Kitakyushu-Dalian Cooperation Seejae Lee Religion and Corruption: Advocacy for Integrity in Philippine 263 Church and Society Albert E. Alejo Part 3: Journey through Japan The Tokyo Tribunal 2000 and Beyond 287 Maria Hartiningsih Discovery of Japan 301 Mohiuddin Ahmad Japan Diary 327 Seejae Lee Asian Face of the Struggle for Integrity 339 Albert E. Alejo PREFACE Throughout our life, we constantly seek knowledge and engage in changing our environment. We do so because we want to elevate ourselves to a higher level in terms of moral standard and material comfort.
  • Muse No. 33 Japanese Citizens Network of Museums for Peace Newsletter: September 2016

    Muse No. 33 Japanese Citizens Network of Museums for Peace Newsletter: September 2016

    Muse No. 33 Japanese Citizens Network of Museums for Peace Newsletter: September 2016 The Editorial Office: Daisuke Miyahara at Peace Aichi 2-820 Yomogidai, Meitoku, Nagoya City, Aichi 465-0091 Tel/Fax: 052-602-4222 http://www.peace-aichi.com/ Editor: Kazuyo Yamane, Masahiko Yamabe, Ikuro Anzai Translators: Mairead Hynes, Terumi Imai, Atsuko Takeda, Yoshiko Tanigawa, Kyoko Terazawa & Kazuyo Yamane Illstrator: Erico Tosaki & Pegge Patten Women’s Active Museum on War and “Comfort Women” system, and this Peace (WAM) “agreement” shows no real change in this Director: Eriko Ikeda fundamentally negative position. As such, the “agreement” has been the In the words of Milan Kundera, “The subject of strong criticism from Korean struggle of man against power is the victims, support groups, and public struggle of memory against forgetting.” opinion. Japanese historians and Seventy years after the end of the Second support groups, including WAM, insist World War, “the struggle of memory that this is not a true “resolution” to the against forgetting” rages on when it problem, but the majority of the Japanese comes to the issue of the Japanese media has accepted this “agreement” at military’s abuse of the “Comfort Women.” face value, and views the case as settled. Last year, the Japanese and Korean foreign ministers met in Seoul, and the governments of both countries reached an “agreement” by which the issue of the Japanese military’s abuse of the “Comfort Women” was said to have reached a “final and irreversible resolution.” However, the Japanese
  • Your Unpublished Thesis, Submitted for a Degree at Williams College and Administered by the Williams College Libraries, Will Be Made Available for Research Use

    Your Unpublished Thesis, Submitted for a Degree at Williams College and Administered by the Williams College Libraries, Will Be Made Available for Research Use

    WILLIAMS COLLEGE LIBRARIES COPYRIGHT ASSIGNMENT AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR A STUDENT THESIS Your unpublished thesis, submitted for a degree at Williams College and administered by the Williams College Libraries, will be made available for research use. You may, through this form, provide instructions regarding copyright, access, dissemination and reproduction of your thesis. The College has the right in all cases to maintain and preserve theses both in hardcopy and electronic format, and to make such copies as the Libraries require for their research and archival functions. t:;t.. � The faculty advisor/s to the student writing the thesis Claims joint authorship in this work. _ 1/we have included in this thesis copyrighted material for which 1/we have not received permission from the copyright holder/s. If you do not secure copyright permissions by the time your thesis is submitted, you will still be allowed to submit. However, if the necessary copyright permissions are not received, e-posting of your thesis may be affected. Copyrighted material may include images (tables, drawings, photographs, figures, maps, graphs, etc.), sound files, video material, data sets, and large portions of text. l. COPYRIGHT An author by law owns the copyright to his/her work, whether or not a copyright symbol and date are placed on the piece. Please choose one ofthe options below with respect to the copyright in your thesis. _ 1/we choose not to retain the copyright to the thesis, and hereby assign the copyright to Williams College. Selecting this option will assign copyright to the College. If the author/s wishes later to pub! ish the work, he/she/they will need to obtain permission to do so from the Libraries, which will be granted except in unusual circumstances.
  • Jimmy Carter: a Moral Hero (Student Essay)

    Jimmy Carter: a Moral Hero (Student Essay)

    Jimmy Carter: A Moral Hero (Student Essay) Danny Haidar (Utica Academy for International Studies) Abstract. Following the end of Jimmy Carter’s first and only term as President of the United States, historians scrambled to put his presidency in the proper context. More than thirty years later, Carter has become associated with failed presidencies. To be compared to him is to be insulted. Even so, Jimmy Carter has had one of the most prolific, philanthropic post-presidential lives of any former American president. This is inconsistent with the image of his single term in office that the media has painted—a good man should have been a good president. To better understand this irony, this investigation shall seek to answer the following question: how did Jimmy Carter’s pre-presidential experiences affect his leadership as President of the United States of America (1977-1981)? This article will draw on apolitical, supportive and critical accounts of Carter’s presidency, as well as Carter’s own accounts of his beliefs and childhood experiences. While historians interpret Carter’s life events differently, each interpretation reveals important influences on Carter’s leadership in the White House. I will argue that Carter held too tightly to his morals to be suited to presidency. Carter’s childhood and pre-presidential political experiences created a man who was, indeed, unfit for the White House. The problem was less with his political vision than it was with his execution of that vision. Carter’s tragic presidential tale serves as a reminder that moral malleability is a necessity in the highest office of a government.
  • Battle of Okinawa 1 Battle of Okinawa

    Battle of Okinawa 1 Battle of Okinawa

    Battle of Okinawa 1 Battle of Okinawa Battle of Okinawa Part of World War II, the Pacific War A U.S. Marine from the 2nd Battalion, 1st Marines on Wana Ridge provides covering fire with his Thompson submachine gun, 18 May 1945. Date 1 April – 22 June 1945 Location Okinawa, Japan [1] [1] 26°30′N 128°00′E Coordinates: 26°30′N 128°00′E Result Allied victory, Okinawa occupied by U.S. until 1972 Belligerents United States Empire of Japan United Kingdom Canada Australia New Zealand Commanders and leaders Simon B. Buckner, Jr. † Mitsuru Ushijima † Roy Geiger Isamu Chō † Joseph Stilwell Minoru Ota † Chester W. Nimitz Keizō Komura Raymond A. Spruance Sir Bernard Rawlings Philip Vian Bruce Fraser Strength 183,000 (initial assault force only) ~120,000, including 40,000 impressed Okinawans Casualties and losses More than 12,000 killed More than 110,000 killed More than 38,000 wounded More than 7,000 captured 40,000–150,000 civilians killed The Battle of Okinawa, codenamed Operation Iceberg, was fought on the Ryukyu Islands of Okinawa and was the largest amphibious assault in the Pacific War of World War II. The 82-day-long battle lasted from early April until mid-June 1945. After a long campaign of island hopping, the Allies were approaching Japan, and planned to use Okinawa, a large island only 340 mi (550 km) away from mainland Japan, as a base for air operations on the planned Battle of Okinawa 2 invasion of Japanese mainland (coded Operation Downfall). Four divisions of the U.S.
  • Unit 6 of 19: JCLAM On-Site Multimedia Interactive Activities

    Unit 6 of 19: JCLAM On-Site Multimedia Interactive Activities

    Curriculum Guide: The President’s Travels Unit 6 of 19: JCLAM On-Site Multimedia Interactive Activities 441 Freedom Parkway, Atlanta, GA, 30312 | 404-865-7100 | www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov Jimmy Carter Library and Museum Taking Action Watch the video about the Carter Center In the Post Presidency section of the Jimmy Students will also be able to see different Carter Library and Museum, students will see a presents and artifacts from the various video that details the work of Jimmy and countries that the Carters have visited. There Rosalynn Carter through The Carter Center. are airplane chairs and space in front of the The Carter Center has been involved in screen for students to gather as they complete countries around the world including Ghana, the video viewing guide. North Korea, Cuba, Ethiopia, and Norway. Introductory activity Video Viewing Post field trip Map activity of countries QueActivitystions for students to Studentsactivity will create a travel mentioned in the video answer while viewing the video brochure about countries from the video Page 2 - 3 Page 4 - 5 Page 6 J Jimmy Carter Library and Museum Student Activity #1: Mapping The The Carter’s travels mentioned in the Carters in video Africa Students will label a world map of all of the countries mentioned in the Taking Action video that they will view when they come to the Jimmy Carter Library and Museum. Students will color each country and then label it accordingly. World maps can be downloaded off a number a websites including http://www.freeworldmaps.net/. Students should color and label the following countries: Ghana North Korea Cuba Ethiopia Norway J Jimmy Carter Library and Museum http://www.freeworldmaps.net/outline/maps/apian.gif J Jimmy Carter Library and Museum Taking Action Video Questions While watching the video, answer the following questions: 1.
  • Government Pension Fund – Global Holding of Equities at 31 December 2007

    Government Pension Fund – Global Holding of Equities at 31 December 2007

    NORGES BA N K IN VESTME N T MA N AGEME N T ANNU A L REPO R T 2007 1 Government Pension Fund – Global Holding of equities at 31 December 2007 Europe Market value (NOK 1000) Ownership stake (per cent) Voting (per cent) Market value (NOK 1000) Ownership stake (per cent) Voting (per cent) AUSTRIA CROATIA Agrana Beteiligungs AG 7 370 0,092 0,092 Hrvatski Telekom dd 9 366 0,031 0,031 Andritz AG 44 606 0,261 0,261 A-TEC Industries AG 8 731 0,183 0,183 CYPRUS Austriamicrosystems AG 14 733 0,545 0,544 Bank of Cyprus Public Co Ltd 258 088 0,462 0,462 Austrian Airlines AG 4 904 0,115 0,115 Marfin Popular Bank Public Co Ltd 112 322 0,195 0,195 Boehler-Uddeholm AG 21 637 0,077 0,077 bwin Interactive Entertainment AG 23 914 0,346 0,346 CZECH REPUBLIC BWT AG 7 777 0,151 0,151 Philip Morris CR AS 23 736 0,364 0,364 CA Immo International AG 6 034 0,151 0,151 CA Immobilien Anlagen AG 34 729 0,328 0,328 DENMARK CAT Oil AG 4 798 0,082 0,082 A P Moller - Maersk A/S 921 847 0,363 0,433 Conwert Immobilien Invest SE 26 735 0,328 0,328 ALK-Abello A/S 13 504 0,209 0,230 Erste Bank der Oesterreichischen Sparkassen AG 729 685 0,599 0,599 Alm Brand A/S 7 943 0,125 0,125 EVN AG 62 871 0,219 0,219 Amagerbanken A/S 5 234 0,176 0,176 Flughafen Wien AG 19 884 0,151 0,151 Auriga Industries 3 080 0,123 0,175 Immoeast AG 173 045 0,355 0,355 Bang & Olufsen A/S 21 199 0,342 0,377 IMMOFINANZ AG 179 658 0,709 0,709 Bavarian Nordic A/S 3 610 0,148 0,148 Intercell AG 15 019 0,157 0,157 Biomar Holding A/S 2 573 0,112 0,112 Lenzing AG 3 475 0,033 0,033 Carlsberg A/S 97 282 0,199
  • Interview with John Borling # VRV-A-L-2013-037.05 Interview # 05: April 23, 2014 Interviewer: Mark Depue

    Interview with John Borling # VRV-A-L-2013-037.05 Interview # 05: April 23, 2014 Interviewer: Mark Depue

    Interview with John Borling # VRV-A-L-2013-037.05 Interview # 05: April 23, 2014 Interviewer: Mark DePue COPYRIGHT The following material can be used for educational and other non-commercial purposes without the written permission of the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library. “Fair use” criteria of Section 107 of the Copyright Act of 1976 must be followed. These materials are not to be deposited in other repositories, nor used for resale or commercial purposes without the authorization from the Audio-Visual Curator at the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library, 112 N. 6th Street, Springfield, Illinois 62701. Telephone (217) 785-7955 Note to the Reader: Readers of the oral history memoir should bear in mind that this is a transcript of the spoken word, and that the interviewer, interviewee and editor sought to preserve the informal, conversational style that is inherent in such historical sources. The Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library is not responsible for the factual accuracy of the memoir, nor for the views expressed therein. We leave these for the reader to judge. DePue: Today is Wednesday, April 23, 2014. My name is Mark DePue, Director of Oral History with the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library. Today, once again, I’m in Rockford, Illinois with General John Borling. Good morning, Sir. Borling: Good morning to you. Spring is almost here, although it was thirty-three degrees when I ran this morning. I went out in shorts and ended up with red legs and watching other people come bundling down the path, looking like it was midwinter again, although it looks to be a pleasant day.
  • Jimmy Carter and Women's Rights from the White House to Islamic

    Jimmy Carter and Women's Rights from the White House to Islamic

    Women's Studies International Forum 73 (2019) 35–41 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Women's Studies International Forum journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/wsif Jimmy Carter and women's rights: From the White House to Islamic T feminism Doreen J. Mattingly Department of Women's Studies, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 928182-6030, United States of America ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Since 2009, former US President Jimmy Carter has been outspoken in his condemnation of abuses of women Jimmy Carter around the world. This appears to be a departure from his stance while in the White House (1977–1981), when Islamic feminism many feminist groups criticized him for his lack of effort on women's issues. This paper analyzes the historical US second-wave feminism record and Carter's own writing to compare his work since 2009 with his position on women's issues during his Religious right presidency. I argue that although women's issues have become a higher priority for Carter, his approach still has much in common with attitudes that that angered feminists in the 1970s, including an emphasis on the morality of male leaders – rather than the actions of feminist women – as the means to improve women's lives. What has changed since the 1970s, however, are his views on religious leaders. While in the White House he courted the support of evangelicals, despite their opposition to the Equal Rights Amendment and other feminist policies; in the intervening years he has come to view conservative religious leaders as barriers to women's rights.
  • Populism Across the Atlantic: the Popular Retort to Globalism and Modernization

    Populism Across the Atlantic: the Popular Retort to Globalism and Modernization

    Populism Across the Atlantic: The Popular Retort to Globalism and Modernization in the United States, United Kingdom, and Germany? Timothy K. DesJarlais University of Arizona POPULISM ACROSS THE ATLANTIC 2 Abstract This paper explores the similarities and differences between the election of Donald Trump as President of the United States, the United Kingdom’s decision to withdraw from the European Union, and the rise of the Alternative for Deutschland (AfD), a populist political party in Germany. Happening over a period of just a few years, these events mark a high point in an increasing populistic trend that is changing the political landscape on both sides of the Atlantic. Trump’s election marks a major turning point in the United States as he wins an election after having specifically campaigned against free trade, establishment politicians, and immigration. In the United Kingdom, the movement to leave the European Union was motivated by similar concerns about immigration and jobs. And in Germany, the recent rise of the AfD and their viability as a serious contender in the upcoming elections show a trend towards populism in a country that was long considered immune to populist tendencies. This paper intends to take a deeper look at these different populist movements, examining their histories, successes, failures, and the demographics of their supporters. While populism is not new to the United States or Europe, does the fact that these movements have similar aims suggest their rise may be part of a popular retort to globalism and modernization? To answer this question, this paper will additionally look at the general effects of globalism and modernization, specifically in the United States, United Kingdom, and Germany.
  • Antinuclear Politics, Atomic Culture, and Reagan Era Foreign Policy

    Antinuclear Politics, Atomic Culture, and Reagan Era Foreign Policy

    Selling the Second Cold War: Antinuclear Cultural Activism and Reagan Era Foreign Policy A dissertation presented to the faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy William M. Knoblauch March 2012 © 2012 William M. Knoblauch. All Rights Reserved. 2 This dissertation titled Selling the Second Cold War: Antinuclear Cultural Activism and Reagan Era Foreign Policy by WILLIAM M. KNOBLAUCH has been approved for the Department of History and the College of Arts and Sciences by __________________________________ Chester J. Pach Associate Professor of History __________________________________ Howard Dewald Dean, College of Arts and Sciences 3 ABSTRACT KNOBLAUCH, WILLIAM M., Ph.D., March 2012, History Selling the Second Cold War: Antinuclear Cultural Activism and Reagan Era Foreign Policy Director of Dissertation: Chester J. Pach This dissertation examines how 1980s antinuclear activists utilized popular culture to criticize the Reagan administration’s arms buildup. The 1970s and the era of détente marked a decade-long nadir for American antinuclear activism. Ronald Reagan’s rise to the presidency in 1981 helped to usher in the “Second Cold War,” a period of reignited Cold War animosities that rekindled atomic anxiety. As the arms race escalated, antinuclear activism surged. Alongside grassroots movements, such as the nuclear freeze campaign, a unique group of antinuclear activists—including publishers, authors, directors, musicians, scientists, and celebrities—challenged Reagan’s military buildup in American mass media and popular culture. These activists included Fate of the Earth author Jonathan Schell, Day After director Nicholas Meyer, and “nuclear winter” scientific-spokesperson Carl Sagan.
  • Carter FINAL

    Carter FINAL

    JIMMY CARTER Kirsten Sellars Jimmy Carter’s election as President of the United States in 1976 heralded a new era after the ordeals of Vietnam and Watergate. His emphasis on human rights was intended to signal a return to traditional American values, although the tension between his attempt to capture the public imagination and the need to maintain a flexible foreign policy resulted inevitably in compromise. His human rights policy has nevertheless endured, and its influence can be seen in the words and actions of all his successors. James Earl Carter Jr. was born on 1 October 1924 in Plains, Georgia, the son of James Earl Carter Sr., a farmer and businessman, and Lillian Gordy Carter, a nurse. Both parents were staunch Southern Baptists, and the church was a strong influence on Carter, as was his mother’s commitment to racial integration. He was educated at Plains High School, Georgia Southwestern College, and the Georgia Institute of Technology. He married Rosalynn Smith in 1946; that same year he also graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy at Annapolis in 1946 and became a submariner, rising to the rank of lieutenant. After his father’s death in 1953, Carter returned to Plains with his wife to run the family farming and warehousing business. His political career in Georgia began on boards and committees in Sumner County, and he later served as a Democrat in the state senate. In 1970 Carter was elected governor of Georgia, holding that office until 1974. Road to the White House For a man whose Presidency is synonymous with human rights, Jimmy Carter was slow to embrace the issue.