DOCSLIB.ORG

Tephra Evidence for the Most Recent Eruption of Laoheishan Volcano, Wudalianchi Volcanic Field, Northeast China

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Tephra Evidence for the Most Recent Eruption of Laoheishan Volcano, Wudalianchi Volcanic Field, Northeast China Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 383 (2019) 103–111 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jvolgeores Tephra evidence for the most recent eruption of Laoheishan volcano, Wudalianchi volcanic field, northeast China Chunqing Sun a,⁎, Károly Németh b,TaoZhanc,HaitaoYoud, Guoqiang Chu a, Jiaqi Liu a a Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China b Institute of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand c The Second Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Prospecting Institute of Heilongjiang Province, Haerbin 150030, China d Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics, College of Earth Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China article info abstract Article history: Wudalianchi volcanic field (WDLC) is one of the youngest intracontinental monogenetic volcanic fields in China. Received 21 June 2017 The 1719–1721 CE Laoheishan-Huoshaoshan eruption, and the 1776 CE Laoheishan eruption are the latest erup- Received in revised form 17 February 2018 tions in WDLC based on the local historical records. However, most of the recent explosive eruptive products Accepted 18 March 2018 around WDLC are attributed to the 1719–1721 CE Laoheishan-Huoshaoshan eruption while less attentions Available online 20 March 2018 were paid on the 1776 CE Laoheishan eruption. There are two types of scoria fall deposits around Laoheishan vol- cano, i.e. the upper light grey high vesicular scoria deposit (US) and below dark low vesicular scoria deposit (BS). Keywords: N b Wudalianchi Most of the glass shards from US exhibit 4% Na2O while BS show 4% Na2O. In addition, US presents two differ- Tephrochronology ent glass composition clusters, indicating a complex magma batch feeding the eruption. Broadly, all of these erup- Laoheishan tive products from WDLC have extreme high potassium (usually N5%) content with trachyandesitic to Nagelaqiushan tephriphonolitic in composition that can be clearly distinguished from those from other nearby volcanic regions, Tephra such as Nuomin (~150 km to Nangelaqiushan lake (NGLQ)), Arxan-Chaihe (~450 km to NGLQ), Longgang (~700 km to NGLQ) and Jingbohu (~550 km to NGLQ). A cryptotephra layer is clearly revealed as a distinct peak in magnetic susceptibility measurements from NGLQ ~ 8 km northwest to Laoheishan volcano. Glass com- position of the cryptotephra layer recorded in NGLQ is similar to the proximal US around Laoheishan volcano. On basis of historical records and field observations, we ascribed US to the 1776 CE Laoheishan eruption and BS to the 1719–1721 CE Laoheishan-Huoshaoshan eruption. Consequently, historical records assigned a precise age (1776 CE) for the tephra recorded in NGLQ, and thus can be used to refine the age model of these lacustrine sediments. © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction where the mechanisms of volcanism and magmatic sources of related volcanoes have been characterized (Fig. 1) (e.g. Hsu and Chen, 1998; Tephra layers erupted from explosive eruptions are ideal marker Kuritani et al., 2013; Zhang et al., 1995; Zhao et al., 2014; Zou et al., beds to correlate and constrain the ages of Quaternary volcanic events 2003). Tephrochronology is highly beneficial in the estimating of volca- among various depositional archives, and plays a more and more impor- nic risk and establishing eruptive sequences (Larsen and Eiríksson, tant role in the Quaternary and volcanological studies (Blockley et al., 2008; Molloy et al., 2009; Plunkett et al., 2015); in addition chronolog- 2012; Davies, 2015; Lane et al., 2013a; Lowe, 2011; Ponomareva et al., ical uncertainties of sedimentary archives can also be reduced on basis 2015). In addition, tephra layers invisible to naked eyes, known as of tephra layers with well-known ages derived from various sedimen- cryptotephra, have dramatically extended its applications area to tary archives (Barton et al., 2015; Lane et al., 2012). those sites hundreds to thousands of kilometers away from the volcanic In this study, proximal fall deposits around the Laoheishan volcano vents (Jensen et al., 2014; Lane et al., 2013b; Mackay et al., 2016; Sun et were sampled and analyzed (Fig. 1). On the basis of historical records al., 2014). Tephrochronology has been applied across worldwide based and field exposures, we attributed the widespread grey fall deposit on varied sedimentary archives, such as the lake, marine, peat, loess and with highly vesicular to the 1776 CE eruption of Laoheishan volcano, ice cores (Lowe, 2011). However, such studies in China are relative lim- while the dark fall deposits with low vesicular to the 1719–1721 CE ited, and even the Wudalianchi volcanic field (WDLC), northeast China eruption of Laoheishan-Huoshaoshan volcano. In addition, a cryptotephra layer was identified in the lake sediments of ⁎ Corresponding author. Nanagelaqiushan (NGLQ) according to abnormal magnetic susceptibil- E-mail address: [email protected] (C. Sun). ity measurements. The NGLQ cryptotephra layer exhibits similar glass https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2018.03.014 0377-0273/© 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 104 C. Sun et al. / Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 383 (2019) 103–111 Fig. 1. Geological map of the Wudalianchi volcanic field (WDLC) showing its position and other related volcanic fields (CBS: Changbaishan, LVF: Longgang, JBH: Jingbohu, ACVF: Arxan- Chaihe, NVF: Nuominhe, EKS: Erkeshan, KL: Keluo, ML: Menlu river) in northeast China (modified from Xiao and Wang (2009)). The major Quaternary eruption centers including Laoheishan and Huoshaoshan, the lake of Nangelaqiushan (NGLQ), and proximal sampling sites around Laoheishan were marked in the map. compositions to the 1776 CE and thus have been here correlated; conse- basaltic composition rich in potassium (Chu et al., 2013; Feng and quently, a precise age can be used to refine age model of the NGLQ. Whitford-Stark, 1986; Hsu and Chen, 1998; Kuritani et al., 2013; Zhang et al., 1995; Zou et al., 2003). Some vesicle-filling crustal xeno- 2. Geological background liths can be occasionally found in these volcanic rocks that cover the Lower Cretaceous and Pliocene sandstone and mudstone, and minor The Wudalianchi volcanic field (WDLC: 125°45′–126°30 Long. and Late Mesozoic biotite-granite (McGee et al., 2015). 48°30′–48°50′ Lat.) covers an area of ~800 km2, located at the northwest Volcanic eruptions in WDLC started in the Pleistocene, and the lava of Heilongjiang Province of China, is one of the major volcanic regions in flows from this stage are widely distributed in the area, such as the northeast China (Fig. 1). Wudalianchi in Chinese means “those five con- Molabushan, Yaoquanshan, and Wohushan (Fig. 1)(Li et al., 1999; Liu, nected pools” (lakes) formed by entering lava flows into Beihe river 1987; Wei et al., 2003; Zhao et al., 2014). Volcanic products erupted damming the river channel. There are about 14 Quaternary volcanic during the Early Holocene can be found at Xilongmenshan and centers with well-preserved cones in this field (Fig. 1), and various Donglongmenshan (Fig. 1)(Xiao and Wang, 2009), and tephra layers well-preserved volcanic landscapes and edifices can also be found, recorded in lacustrine sediments also illustrate early Holocene erup- such as the “fumarolic cones” around Huoshaoshan volcano (Feng and tions (Wang et al., 2015). According to the Qing Dynasty records, the Whitford-Stark, 1986; Gao et al., 2013). The distribution of these volca- youngest eruptive volcanic rocks were formed during the 1719– nic cones in this area usually along northeast direction (Fig. 1), which 1720 CE and 1776 CE at Huoshaoshan and Laoheishan volcanic erup- are controlled by regional faults and older structural elements of the tions (Fig. 1)(Chen et al., 2004; Wei et al., 2003). basement (Xiao and Wang, 2009; Zhao et al., 2014). Usually, the volcanoes in this field started with Hawaiian-style mild 3. Study sites, materials and methods explosive and effusive eruptions that culminated in terminal Strombolian-style explosive eruptions hence most of the volcanoes are 3.1. Proximal tephra samplings covered by texturally diverse multicolor scoriaceous deposits (Xiao and Wang, 2009). The volcanic rocks of the WDLC consist predomi- Laoheishan volcano with a funnel-shaped crater is the highest cone nantly of extensive lava flows, and pyroclastic fall deposits that cover (165.9 m·a.s.l) and deepest crater (145 m·a.s.l) among the 14 volcanic volcanic cones and surrounding areas (Xiao and Wang, 2009; Zhao et centers in the WDLC (Fig. 2A). The latest eruption of Laoheishan and al., 2014). All of these volcanic rocks exhibit homogenous alkaline Huoshaoshan volcanoes during the 1719–1720 CE can be divided into C. Sun et al. / Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 383 (2019) 103–111 105 Fig. 2. Field outcrops around Laoheishan volcano. A is the crater on the top of Laoheishan cone (sample named as LHS-3). B is the general view of the tephra sheet on the southeast side of Laoheishan cone. C and D are the near views of light grey highly vesicular scoria sheet (samples named as LHS-1 and LHS-2 respectively). E is the outcrop of the thick black and reddish low vesicular scoria deposits (BS) below the light grey highly vesicular scoria (US) (sample named as LHS-4). The yellow line marks the boundary between the BS and US, and the yellow arrow indicates ashing of the previous eruptive products by followed eruption. two stages. The first stage is an explosive eruption from Laoheishan vol- and black low vesicular scoria deposit, and the boundary shows clear cano that produced widespread scoria fall deposits. Later on effusive ashing phenomena just below the upper light grey highly vesicular sco- eruption produced pahoehoe and a'a lava flows outpoured from the ria deposit (US), which suggest that this scoria deposit is older than US Laoheishan and Huoshaoshan volcanoes, and the Wudalianchi was (Fig.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Derivation of Intermediate to Silicic Magma from the Basalt Analyzed at the Vega 2 Landing Site, Venus
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Derivation of intermediate to silicic magma from the basalt analyzed at the Vega 2 landing site, Venus J. Gregory Shellnutt* National Taiwan Normal University, Department of Earth Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan * [email protected] Abstract a1111111111 a1111111111 Geochemical modeling using the basalt composition analyzed at the Vega 2 landing site a1111111111 indicates that intermediate to silicic liquids can be generated by fractional crystallization and a1111111111 equilibrium partial melting. Fractional crystallization modeling using variable pressures (0.01 a1111111111 GPa to 0.5 GPa) and relative oxidation states (FMQ 0 and FMQ -1) of either a wet (H2O = 0.5 wt%) or dry (H2O = 0 wt%) parental magma can yield silicic (SiO2 > 60 wt%) composi- tions that are similar to terrestrial ferroan rhyolite. Hydrous (H2O = 0.5 wt%) partial melting can yield intermediate (trachyandesite to andesite) to silicic (trachydacite) compositions at OPEN ACCESS all pressures but requires relatively high temperatures ( 950ÊC) to generate the initial melt Citation: Shellnutt JG (2018) Derivation of at intermediate to low pressure whereas at high pressure (0.5 GPa) the first melts will be intermediate to silicic magma from the basalt generated at much lower temperatures (< 800ÊC). Anhydrous partial melt modeling yielded analyzed at the Vega 2 landing site, Venus. PLoS mafic (basaltic andesite) and alkaline compositions (trachybasalt) but the temperature ONE 13(3): e0194155. https://doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0194155 required to produce the first liquid is very high ( 1130ÊC). Consequently, anhydrous partial melting is an unlikely process to generate derivative liquids. The modeling results indicate Editor: Axel K Schmitt, Heidelberg University, GERMANY that, under certain conditions, the Vega 2 composition can generate silicic liquids that pro- duce granitic and rhyolitic rocks.
    [Show full text]
  • MAY 21 to 25, 2018
    Abstracts Volume MAY 21 to 25, 2018 7th international OLOT - CATALONIA - SPAIN DL GI 743-2018 ISBN 978-84-09-01627-3 Cover Photo: ACGAX. Servei d’Imatges. Fons Ajuntament d’Olot. Autor: Eduard Masdeu Authors: Xavier Bolós and Joan Martí Abstracts Volume MAY 21 to 25, 2018 Scientific Committee Members IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER Patrick BACHÈLERY Károly NÉMETH Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand Massey University (New Zealand) and Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (France) Oriol OMS Pierre BOIVIN Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (Spain) Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (France) Michael ORT Xavier BOLÓS Northern Arizona University (USA) Univesidad Nacional Autónoma de México (Mexico) Pierre-Simon ROSS Gerardo CARRASCO Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (Canada) Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (Mexico) Dmitri ROUWET Shane CRONIN Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (Italy) The University of Auckland (New Zealand) Claus SIEBE Gabor KERESZTURI Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (Mexico) Massey University (New Zealand) Ian SMITH Jiaqi LIU The University of Auckland (New Zealand) Chinese Academy of Sciences (China) Giovanni SOSA Didier LAPORTE Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (Mexico) Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (France) Gregg VALENTINE Volker LORENZ University at Buffalo (USA) University of Wuerzburg (Germany) Benjamin VAN WYK DE VRIES José Luís MACÍAS Observatoire de Physique de Globe de Clermont- Ferrand Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (Mexico) and Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (France)
    [Show full text]
  • Northern Nevada Rift
    CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE GOLD METALLOGENY OF NORTHERN NEVADA OPEN-FILE REPORT 98-338 NEW STUDIES OF TERTIARY VOLCANIC ROCKS AND MINERAL DEPOSITS, NORTHERN NEVADA RIFT By Alan R. Wallace and David A. John ABSTRACT and mineralization along the rift has been known for some time, relatively little is known about the exact timing and The northern Nevada rift is a long, narrow, north-northwest- interaction between these events. New mapping along the rift trending alignment of middle Miocene volcanic and hypabyssal has focused on the southern Sheep Creek Range and northern rocks and epithermal gold-silver and mercury deposits formed Shoshone Range area, both near Battle Mountain, Nev., and during west-southwest to east-northeast extension. New the Ivanhoe mining district 60 km northeast of Battle Mountain mapping is underway in three areas along the rift: the Ivanhoe (fig. 1). Mapping in the Sheep Creek/northern Shoshone Range district, the southern Sheep Creek Range, and the Mule Canyon area was initiated to study the volcano-tectonic framework of area at the north end of the Shoshone Range. In the Ivanhoe the newly developed Mule Canyon gold deposit. The Ivanhoe district, Tertiary rocks range in age from late Eocene to middle study has served to understand a similar framework for the Miocene, whereas Tertiary rocks in the other two areas are Hollister gold and Ivanhoe mercury deposits and to expand mostly Miocene in age. Compositions are varied in all three previous studies of Miocene volcanic rocks and structures in locations; a substantial part of the volcanic rocks in the Sheep the Snowstorm Mountains and Midas mining district 25 km Creek Range and northern Shoshone Range is dacitic, in contrast to the northwest (Wallace, 1993).
    [Show full text]
  • Mclean, D. Et Al. (2020) Refining the Eruptive History of Ulleungdo and Changbaishan Volcanoes (East Asia) Over the Last 86 Kyrs Using Distal Sedimentary Records
    McLean, D. et al. (2020) Refining the eruptive history of Ulleungdo and Changbaishan volcanoes (East Asia) over the last 86 kyrs using distal sedimentary records. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 389, 106669. (doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2019.106669) There may be differences between this version and the published version. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite from it. http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/205001/ Deposited on: 04 December 2019 Enlighten – Research publications by members of the University of Glasgow http://eprints.gla.ac.uk REFINING THE ERUPTIVE HISTORY OF ULLEUNGDO AND CHANGBAISHAN VOLCANOES (EAST ASIA) OVER THE LAST 86 KYRS USING DISTAL SEDIMENTARY RECORDS DANIELLE MCLEAN*a, PAUL G ALBERTa, TAKEHIKO SUZUKIb, TAKESHI NAKAGAWAc, JUN-ICHI KIMURAd, QING CHANGd, ALISON MACLEODe,f, SIMON BLOCKLEYe, RICHARD A STAFFa,g, KEITARO YAMADAc, IKUKO KITABAc, TSUYOSHI HARAGUCHIh, JUNKO KITAGAWAi, SG14 PROJECT MEMBERSj AND VICTORIA C SMITHa a Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TG, UK b Department of Geography, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan c Research Centre for Palaeoclimatology, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan d Department of Solid Earth Geochemistry, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Japan e Department of Geography, Royal Holloway University of London, TW20 OEX, UK f Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, RG66AB, UK g Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, University of Glasgow, East Kilbride, G75 0QF, UK h Osaka City University, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan i Fukui Prefectural Satoyama-Satoumi Research Institute, Wakasa, 919-1331 Japan j www.suigetsu.org *Corresponding author: [email protected] Highlights: • Distal records show eruptions are more frequent and widespread • At least 8 Changbaishan eruptions produced widespread ash over the last 86 kyrs • Explosive eruption of Changbaishan at ca.
    [Show full text]
  • First Circular
    First Circular http://imc.csp.escience.cn/ The 6th International Maar Conference Introduction The Local Organizing Committee and the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of Earth´s Interior (IAVCEI) will be pleased to welcome you to the 6th International Maar Conference (IMC) in Changchun (China) in 30 July – 3 August, 2016. The Conference will have 4 days of themed oral and poster sessions and an intra-meeting field trip. The proposed sessions of the conference focus on Maar and Environment Change, covering a wide spectrum of very interesting topics including characteristics, mechanism, modeling and geological background of Monogenetic volcanic activities; volcanic evolution and spatial distribution regulation, resources, disaster, detecting, monitoring and societal responses of volcanic activity. The aim of this First Circular is to provide the participants with more detailed information on the program, organization, and logistics, and about travel and hotel reservation. A Second Circular, with the Scientific Program and last-minute practical details, will be distributed closer to the start of the conference. Conference Language The official language of the conference will be English. Call for Abstracts Abstracts must be in English. All abstracts must be submitted on-line before 30 April, 2016. The accepted abstracts will be placed on the homepage of the conference. Outline of the Program Registration: 30 July, 2016 (Saturday) Registration (8:30 – 21:30) Welcome Reception (18:30 – 20:30) Conference: 31 July – 3 August, 2016 (Sunday to Wednesday) Session 1. Monogenetic volcanoes: growth, geomorphology and degradation Session 2. Sedimentary sequence and paleoclimate record of Maar Session 3. Maar lake evolution Session 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Lunar Crater Volcanic Field (Reveille and Pancake Ranges, Basin and Range Province, Nevada, USA)
    Research Paper GEOSPHERE Lunar Crater volcanic field (Reveille and Pancake Ranges, Basin and Range Province, Nevada, USA) 1 2,3 4 5 4 5 1 GEOSPHERE; v. 13, no. 2 Greg A. Valentine , Joaquín A. Cortés , Elisabeth Widom , Eugene I. Smith , Christine Rasoazanamparany , Racheal Johnsen , Jason P. Briner , Andrew G. Harp1, and Brent Turrin6 doi:10.1130/GES01428.1 1Department of Geology, 126 Cooke Hall, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA 2School of Geosciences, The Grant Institute, The Kings Buildings, James Hutton Road, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH 3FE, UK 3School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE1 7RU, UK 31 figures; 3 tables; 3 supplemental files 4Department of Geology and Environmental Earth Science, Shideler Hall, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056, USA 5Department of Geoscience, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA CORRESPONDENCE: gav4@ buffalo .edu 6Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 610 Taylor Road, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8066, USA CITATION: Valentine, G.A., Cortés, J.A., Widom, ABSTRACT some of the erupted magmas. The LCVF exhibits clustering in the form of E., Smith, E.I., Rasoazanamparany, C., Johnsen, R., Briner, J.P., Harp, A.G., and Turrin, B., 2017, overlapping and colocated monogenetic volcanoes that were separated by Lunar Crater volcanic field (Reveille and Pancake The Lunar Crater volcanic field (LCVF) in central Nevada (USA) is domi­ variable amounts of time to as much as several hundred thousand years, but Ranges, Basin and Range Province, Nevada, USA): nated by monogenetic mafic volcanoes spanning the late Miocene to Pleisto­ without sustained crustal reservoirs between the episodes.
    [Show full text]
  • USGS Open-File Report 2009-1133, V. 1.2, Table 3
    Table 3. (following pages). Spreadsheet of volcanoes of the world with eruption type assignments for each volcano. [Columns are as follows: A, Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World (CAVW) volcano identification number; E, volcano name; F, country in which the volcano resides; H, volcano latitude; I, position north or south of the equator (N, north, S, south); K, volcano longitude; L, position east or west of the Greenwich Meridian (E, east, W, west); M, volcano elevation in meters above mean sea level; N, volcano type as defined in the Smithsonian database (Siebert and Simkin, 2002-9); P, eruption type for eruption source parameter assignment, as described in this document. An Excel spreadsheet of this table accompanies this document.] Volcanoes of the World with ESP, v 1.2.xls AE FHIKLMNP 1 NUMBER NAME LOCATION LATITUDE NS LONGITUDE EW ELEV TYPE ERUPTION TYPE 2 0100-01- West Eifel Volc Field Germany 50.17 N 6.85 E 600 Maars S0 3 0100-02- Chaîne des Puys France 45.775 N 2.97 E 1464 Cinder cones M0 4 0100-03- Olot Volc Field Spain 42.17 N 2.53 E 893 Pyroclastic cones M0 5 0100-04- Calatrava Volc Field Spain 38.87 N 4.02 W 1117 Pyroclastic cones M0 6 0101-001 Larderello Italy 43.25 N 10.87 E 500 Explosion craters S0 7 0101-003 Vulsini Italy 42.60 N 11.93 E 800 Caldera S0 8 0101-004 Alban Hills Italy 41.73 N 12.70 E 949 Caldera S0 9 0101-01= Campi Flegrei Italy 40.827 N 14.139 E 458 Caldera S0 10 0101-02= Vesuvius Italy 40.821 N 14.426 E 1281 Somma volcano S2 11 0101-03= Ischia Italy 40.73 N 13.897 E 789 Complex volcano S0 12 0101-041
    [Show full text]
  • Ash from the Changbaishan Qixiangzhan Eruption: a New Early
    Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth RESEARCH ARTICLE Ash From the Changbaishan Qixiangzhan Eruption: A New 10.1029/2018JB015983 Early Holocene Marker Horizon Across East Asia Key Points: Chunqing Sun1,2 , Luo Wang1,2, Gill Plunkett3 , Haitao You4, Zeyang Zhu1,2,5, Lei Zhang1,2, • A tephra layer from Qixiangzhan 1,2,5 1,2 1,2,4 eruption was identified in Yuanchi Bin Zhang , Guoqiang Chu , and Jiaqi Liu Lake ~30 km east of the 1 Changbaishan volcano Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of 2 3 • Qixiangzhan explosive eruption was Sciences, Beijing, China, Institutions of Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, Archaeology and dated to ~8100 cal yr BP Palaeoecology, School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK, 4Key Laboratory of • Ash from Qixiangzhan eruption can Computational Geodynamics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, College of Earth Science, University of Chinese Academy of serve as a marker layer around East 5 Asia Sciences, Beijing, China, College of Earth Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Supporting Information: Abstract Prehistoric Holocene eruptions of Changbaishan volcano in Northeast China are poorly dated, • Supporting Information S1 with the exception of the 946 CE Millennium eruption. Poorly refined age estimates for the earlier eruptions present problems for the reconstruction of the eruptive history of the volcano. The Qixiangzhan Correspondence to: eruption (QE) is a major controversial event in terms of its eruptive timing (ranging from ~88 to ~4 kyr) and C. Sun, [email protected] style (effusive or explosive).
    [Show full text]
  • Geochemistry, Geochronology and Petrography of Feldspathoid-Bearing Rocks in the Urumiyeh-Dokhtar Volcanic Belt, Iran
    University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016 University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 1997 Geochemistry, geochronology and petrography of feldspathoid-bearing rocks in the Urumiyeh-Dokhtar volcanic belt, Iran Abbas Moradian Shahrbabaky University of Wollongong Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses University of Wollongong Copyright Warning You may print or download ONE copy of this document for the purpose of your own research or study. The University does not authorise you to copy, communicate or otherwise make available electronically to any other person any copyright material contained on this site. You are reminded of the following: This work is copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this work may be reproduced by any process, nor may any other exclusive right be exercised, without the permission of the author. Copyright owners are entitled to take legal action against persons who infringe their copyright. A reproduction of material that is protected by copyright may be a copyright infringement. A court may impose penalties and award damages in relation to offences and infringements relating to copyright material. Higher penalties may apply, and higher damages may be awarded, for offences and infringements involving the conversion of material into digital or electronic form. Unless otherwise indicated, the views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the University of Wollongong. Recommended Citation Shahrbabaky, Abbas Moradian, Geochemistry, geochronology and petrography of feldspathoid-bearing rocks in the Urumiyeh-Dokhtar volcanic belt, Iran, Doctor of Philosophy thesis, University of Wollongong.
    [Show full text]
  • Geologic Map of Oldonyo Lengai (Oldoinyo Lengai) Volcano and Surroundings, Arusha Region, United Republic of Tanzania
    Geologic Map of Oldonyo Lengai (Oldoinyo Lengai) Volcano and Surroundings, Arusha Region, United Republic of Tanzania By David R. Sherrod, Masota M. Magigita, and Shimba Kwelwa Pamphlet to accompany Open-File Report 2013-1306 2013 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior SALLY JEWELL, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Suzette M. Kimball, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2013 For product and ordering information: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted material contained within this report. Suggested citation: Sherrod, D.R., Magitita, M.M., and Kwelwa, S., 2013, Geologic map of Oldonyo Lengai (Oldoinyo Lengai) and surroundings, Arusha Region, United Republic of Tanzania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1306, pamphlet 65 p., 1 sheet, scale 1:50,000, with GIS database, http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131306. ISSN 2331-1258 Contents Introduction . 1 Brief Geologic History of the Southernmost Lake Natron Basin . 2 Setting the Stage . 2 Enter the Youngest Volcano . 3 Debris-Avalanche Deposits . 3 Stratigraphic and Structural Features of the Natron Escarpment .
    [Show full text]
  • Baossi–Warack Monogenetic Volcanoes, Adamawa Plateau, Cameroon: Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry
    Acta Geochim (2019) 38(1):40–67 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11631-018-0272-9 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Baossi–Warack monogenetic volcanoes, Adamawa Plateau, Cameroon: petrography, mineralogy and geochemistry 1,2 2 3 Anicet Feudjio Tiabou • Robert Temdjim • Pierre Wandji • 4 1,5 6 Jacques-Marie Bardintzeff • Vivian Bih Che • Edith Ekatah Bate Tibang • 7 7 Caroline Neh Ngwa • Franc¸ois Xavier Onana Mebara Received: 19 December 2017 / Revised: 2 April 2018 / Accepted: 13 April 2018 / Published online: 23 April 2018 Ó Science Press, Institute of Geochemistry, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018 Abstract Three monogenetic cones in the Baossi–Warack include titano-magnetite and titano-hematite, nepheline, area, Ngaounde´re´, Adamawa Plateau forming part of the apatite and amphibole xenocrysts. Sanidine occurs in some Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL) are documented in this samples and sodi-potassic albite in others. Some olivines and study. Basaltic lavas (\ 1km3) scattered around these vents clinopyroxenes exhibit resorbed margins and thin reaction and restricted volcaniclastic deposits were emplaced by rims while plagioclase displays oscillatory zoning, and Hawaiian and mild strombolian style eruptions. The lavas are sieved textures as a result of magma mixing. Whole-rock porphyritic, mainly composed of olivine (chrysolite) and geochemistry data indicates that the lavas are silica-under- clinopyroxene (diopside and augite) phenocrysts and pla- saturated, composed of basanites and basalts, showing little gioclase (andesine) microphenocrysts. Accessory minerals compositional variations (SiO2: 39.20 wt.%–48.01 wt.%, MgO: 5.29 wt.%–9.70 wt.%). Trace elements patterns of these lavas suggest they are enriched in LILE including Pb, Pierre Wandji: Deceased.
    [Show full text]
  • Airborne Laser Swath Mapping of the Summit of Erebus Volcano, Antarctica: Applications to Geological Mapping of a Volcano
    Airborne laser swath mapping of the summit of Erebus volcano, Antarctica: Applications to geological mapping of a volcano Bea Csathoa,1, Toni Schenkb, Philip Kylec, Terry Wilsond, William B. Krabille aDepartment of Geology, University at Buffalo, 855 Natural Sciences Complex, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA, [email protected] bDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Geodetic Science, 2070 Neil Av., The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA, [email protected] cDepartment of Earth & Environmental Science, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro NM 87801, USA, [email protected] dSchool of Earth Sciences, 125 S. Oval Mall, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA, [email protected] eCryospheric Sciences Branch NASA/GSFC/Wallops Flight Facility Wallops Island, VA, USA, 23337, USA, [email protected] 1Corresponding author: Department of Geology, University at Buffalo, 855 Natural Sciences Complex, Buffalo, NY 14260-3050, USA E-mail: [email protected] Phone: 716-645-6800 x3921 Fax: 716-645-3999 In Press, Special Issue on Erebus Volcano, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research Keywords: Erebus volcano, lidar, volcanic geomorphology, DEM generation, feature extraction 1 Abstract The lidar observations reported here have provided the first high precision topographic data on the active craters of Erebus volcano, Antarctica. Digital elevation data are invaluable for geomorphic analysis of volcanoes especially when combined with methods to automatically extract landscape features. The data are indispensable for studying eruptive events and volcano-tectonic processes. Airborne laser scanning or lidar is a rapidly emerging technology to map surface topography with high accuracy and detail, comparable to a 1:1 000 scale map.
    [Show full text]