DOCSLIB.ORG

Women on the Move: Sex Work and Sex Trafficking in the 1950S South” Examines the Commercial Sex Market in Post World War II America

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Women on the Move: Sex Work and Sex Trafficking in the 1950S South” Examines the Commercial Sex Market in Post World War II America WOMEN ON THE MOVE: SEX WORK AND SEX TRAFFICKING IN THE 1950S SOUTH by STEPHANIE MICHELLE CHALIFOUX LISA LINDQUIST DORR, COMMITTEE CHAIR KARI FREDERICKSON JOSHUA D. ROTHMAN HOLLY GROUT ALECIA P. LONG A DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History in the Graduate School of The University of Alabama TUSCALOOSA, ALABAMA 2013 Copyright Stephanie Michelle Chalifoux 2013 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ABSTRACT “Women on the Move: Sex Work and Sex Trafficking in the 1950s South” examines the commercial sex market in post World War II America. During the war, concerns about venereal disease led the government and reformers to conduct a national campaign to close down red-light districts. Federal law focused on criminalizing prostitution near military bases and informing troops about the danger of “loose women.” Public health reformers concentrated their efforts on educating the public and civil officials about the importance of prevention and treatment. The campaigns against disease and the commercial sex market met with mixed success in both repressing prostitution and reducing infection rates. In the post-war era, nationally led efforts to repress prostitution faded, even as sexual commerce rebounded, and local communities in the South assumed the responsibility for purging vice from their towns. The motivation, however, shifted from a concern about public health to one about public morals. This project argues that as red-light districts closed in southern cities sex workers adapted by locating new venues and new cities to ply their trade. In the wake of the closures, geographically fluid commercial sex rings developed across the South. Sex workers negotiated the new market by migrating between commercial vice establishments that remained opened. Increased mobility afforded some women freedom and independence. However, the new system of constant movement created an opportunity for sex trafficking syndicates to exploit women through coercion and violence, tactics that would become the hallmarks of contemporary sexual slave rings. Regardless, the movement across the country, whether by force or consent, subjected migratory sex workers to the scrutiny of the FBI. Tasked with enforcing the Mann Act (1910), which criminalized the ii transportation of women across state lines for immoral purposes, the FBI worked to destroy commercial sex rings. Pursuant to the act’s language, the FBI constructed sex workers in these networks as “victims” negating women’s individual experiences, choices, or voices. Many of the women in these cases challenged the idea of victimization through their actions and behavior, demonstrating the adaptability of commercial sex workers in the face of a shifting sexual market. iii DEDICATION This is dedicated to the memory of LaVonne and Cressie. Two remarkable women who challenged convention, followed their own paths, and never waivered in their love for family. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This dissertation was made possible through the assistance of many individuals and institutions. The archivists at the Alabama Department of Archives and History, Jim Baggett and the staff at the Department of Archives and Manuscripts at the Birmingham Public Library, and Brett Spencer at the Amelia Gayle Gorgas Library at the University of Alabama helped me locate valuable materials for my research. The Social Welfare History Archives at the University of Minnesota awarded me the Clark Chambers travel fellowship that gave me the opportunity to explore the records of the American Social Hygiene Association and to visit the fine city of Minneapolis. I thank David Klaassen and Linnea Anderson for all of their help while researching. The record collections at the National Archives and Records Administrations, both College Park, Maryland, and Washington, DC, served as the foundation for this dissertation. James R. Mathis and Heather McRae worked quickly to declassify two Freedom of Information Act requests. I sincerely appreciate their diligence. Researching and writing is often a solitary task, but close friends kept me connected to the world. My friends Michelle, Jody, Noelle, Jason, Jona, and Houston distracted me when I needed a break. Dinners with Lee Black and Ray White always proved refreshing and their sincere interest in my work gave me an outlet to discuss frustrations and accomplishments. Brooke Rodgers and Bill Steinman kindly offered me a place to stay while I researched in the DC area. Conversations with them challenged me to think about my work in different ways. Their friendship is invaluable. My friend Jill Sanderson has encouraged me to carry on when v circumstances seemed bleak and she listened to me as I talked through arguments and research challenges. She and her partner Jessica Moses have a unique perspective on the world and I am fortunate to have met them. Graduate school was, at times, overwhelming and my peers Becky Bruce, John Mitcham, Jensen Branscombe, Jill Cooley, Dean Lawson, and Colin Chapell made it bearable. You are the brightest cats I know. Without generous funding from the University of Alabama’s Graduate Council Dissertation Fellowship and several Graduate Student Research and Travel Support awards, and the Department of History’s Dissertation Fellowship this project might not have come to fruition. Likewise, the history department’s staff and faculty have given me all that a graduate candidate could ever need in terms of support to complete this dissertation. The department’s office staff Kay Branyon, Fay Wheat, and Ellen Pledger have always found time to answer my countless questions over the years, even when I know they had little time to spare. They are the backbone of the department and I thank them. I am indebted to Professors Joshua Rothman and Holly Grout, and Louisiana State University professor Alecia Long for their service on my committee and the expertise they bring to the scholarship of history. The seeds of this research grew out of a graduate course in southern history taught by Kari Frederickson, who saw potential in this topic and suggested I pursue it further. My adviser, Lisa Lindquist Dorr, is an exceptional scholar who has seen this work in various stages and always has provided encouragement. She constantly challenged me to explore the records deeper and “unpack” my ideas more profoundly. She has shaped my development as a scholar and I thank her. Family support has been essential to my success and I am grateful for their love. My siblings are my source of strength and my source of escape. They guide me through this world and I cherish them. My mother is a strong, sassy woman who inherited those traits from the vi women before her, and she seems to have made it her life’s mission to pass those characteristics on to me. I believe she succeeded. While a bit unorthodox, I want to recognize the furry creatures that roam my home. They provided comfort and solace on long writing days and nights. And lastly, I want to thank my spouse and partner Jason. When I decided to enter a doctorate program, he understood that it would be burdensome on us both. The pressures of writing and producing scholarly work have sometimes made the past several years a bit chaotic. His love and support motivated me on days when I questioned the wisdom of this journey. I am sure he is pleased to see me exit the writing cave, even though we both know it is only a brief departure. vii CONTENTS ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………………...…..ii DEDICATION……………………………………………………………………..….…..iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS..….……………………………………………………...……..v LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS………………………………………………………..…….ix INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………..….….1 CHAPTER 1: PROSTITUTION REFORM AND ERADICATION EFFORTS FROM COLONIAL AMERICA TO WORLD WAR II…………………………………….….…21 CHAPTER 2: TURNING OFF THE RED-LIGHT: SOUTHERN EFFORTS TO ERADICATE SEXUAL VICE IN THE POST-WAR ERA…………………………………………..….63 CHAPTER 3: PHENIX CITY’S SEXUAL BLACK MARKET…………………………………….….132 CHAPTER 4: HIGHWAY GIRLS: SEX WORK MIGRATION IN THE RURAL CAROLINAS…………………………………………………………185 CHAPTER 5: TRAFFICKING IN WOMEN, TRAFFICKING IN SEX: THE 1954 MANN ACT CASE IN LOUISIANA………………………………………..243 CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………………..294 BIBLIOGRAPHY………………………………………………………………………..303 viii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 1. Map of Phenix City, Alabama, Columbus, Georgia, and Aiken, South Carolina……………………………………………………….136 2. Map of North Carolina and South Carolina counties and cities in the 1958 Carolina Mann Act case………….……..…………..……188 3. Map of southern cities in the 1954 Louisiana Mann Act case………………..…252 4. Map of cities in the Acadia region in the 1954 Louisiana Mann Act case……………………………………………………………………….....256 ix INTRODUCTION “There can be no compromise with prostitution. If it is condoned, it is promoted. Suppression by every means available using the administrative, legal, judiciary, and public health weapons trained upon this common enemy appears to be the only rational policy.”1 Two medical professionals in Memphis, Tennessee made this statement in an article about how to eradicate prostitution and venereal disease just prior to America’s entry into World War II. The men, both doctors and both active in local and national public health organizations argued, as had many before and many since, that prostitution was an enemy to men, to families, and to the moral foundation of the nation. Fear of venereal disease dominated the approach federal and state governments took to repress and eradicate sex work during World
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Eastmont High School Items
    TO: Board of Directors FROM: Garn Christensen, Superintendent SUBJECT: Requests for Surplus DATE: June 7, 2021 CATEGORY ☐Informational ☐Discussion Only ☐Discussion & Action ☒Action BACKGROUND INFORMATION AND ADMINISTRATIVE CONSIDERATION Staff from the following buildings have curriculum, furniture, or equipment lists and the Executive Directors have reviewed and approved this as surplus: 1. Cascade Elementary items. 2. Grant Elementary items. 3. Kenroy Elementary items. 4. Lee Elementary items. 5. Rock Island Elementary items. 6. Clovis Point Intermediate School items. 7. Sterling Intermediate School items. 8. Eastmont Junior High School items. 9. Eastmont High School items. 10. Eastmont District Office items. Grant Elementary School Library, Kenroy Elementary School Library, and Lee Elementary School Library staff request the attached lists of library books be declared as surplus. These lists will be posted separately on the website. Sterling Intermediate School Library staff request the attached list of old social studies textbooks be declared as surplus. These lists will be posted separately on the website. Eastmont Junior High School Library staff request the attached lists of library books and textbooks for both EJHS and Clovis Point Intermediate School be declared as surplus. These lists will be posted separately on the website. Eastmont High School Library staff request the attached lists of library books for both EHS and elementary schools be declared as surplus. These lists will be posted separately on the website. ATTACHMENTS FISCAL IMPACT ☒None ☒Revenue, if sold RECOMMENDATION The administration recommends the Board authorize said property as surplus. Eastmont Junior High School Eastmont School District #206 905 8th St. NE • East Wenatchee, WA 98802 • Telephone (509)884-6665 Amy Dorey, Principal Bob Celebrezze, Assistant Principal Holly Cornehl, Asst.
    [Show full text]
  • Inting in the Sap Francisco Bay Area Series
    Regional Oral History Office University of California The Bancrof t Library Berkeley, California Books and Printing in the Sap Francisco Bay Area Series Leah Wollenberg Stella Patri Duncan Olmsted Stephen Gale Herrick Barbara Fallon Hiller THE HAND BOOKBINDING TRADITION IN THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA With an Introduction by Deborah M. Evetts Interviews Conducted by Ruth Teiser and Catherine Harroun 1980-1981 Copyright @ 1982 by Thi Regents of the University of California This manuscript is made available for research purposes. No part of the manuscript may be quoted for publication without the written permission of the Director of The Bancroft Wbrary of the University of California at Berkeley. Requests for permission to quote for publication should be addressed to the Regional Oral History Office, 486 Library, and should include identification of the specific passages to be quoted, anticipated use of the passages, and identification of the user. It is recommended that this oral history be cited as follows: To cite the volume: The Hand Bookbinding Tradition in the San Francisco Bay Area,. an oral history series conducted 1980-1981, Regional Oral History Office, The Bancroft Wbrary, University of California, Berkeley, 1982. To cite individual interview: Stella Patri, "An Interview with Stella Patri," an oral history conducted in 1980 by Ruth Teiser and Catherine Harroun, in The Hand Bookbinding Tradition in the San Francisco Bay Area, Regional Oral History Office, The Bancroft Library,- - University of ~alifornia,Berkeley, 1982 Copy no.
    [Show full text]
  • A Compass for Understanding and Using American Community Survey Data
    A Compass for Understanding and Using Issued American Community Survey Data August 2009 What Users of Data for Rural Areas Need to Know USCENSUSBUREAU U.S. Department of Commerce WhatEconomics Users and of Stat Dataistics Administra for Ruraltion Areas Need to Know i U.S. CENSUS BUREAU HelpingU.S. Census You Bureau,Make A InformedCompass for Understanding Decisions and Using American Community Survey Data Acknowledgments Paul R. Voss, Senior Spatial Analyst, Odum Institute for Research in Social Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Katherine J. Curtis, Department of Rural Sociology, University of Wisconsin-Madison/Extension, and Daniel Veroff , Director, Applied Population Laboratory, Department of Rural Sociology, University of Wisconsin-Madison/Extension, drafted this handbook for the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey Office. Kennon R. Copeland and John H. Thompson of National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago drafted the technical appendixes. Edward J. Spar, Executive Director, Council of Professional Associations on Federal Statistics, Frederick J. Cavanaugh, Executive Business Director, Sabre Systems, Inc., Susan P. Love, Consultant, Linda A. Jacobsen, Vice President, Domestic Programs, Population Reference Bureau, and Mark Mather, Associate Vice President, Domestic Programs, Population Reference Bureau, provided initial review of this handbook. Deborah H. Griffin, Special Assistant to the Chief of the American Community Survey Office, provided the concept and directed the development and release of a series of handbooks entitled A Compass for Understanding and Using American Community Survey Data. Cheryl V. Chambers, Colleen D. Flannery, Cynthia Davis Hollingsworth, Susan L. Hostetter, Pamela M. Klein, Anna M. Owens, Clive R. Richmond, Enid Santana, and Nancy K.
    [Show full text]
  • The Department of Justice and the Limits of the New Deal State, 1933-1945
    THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE AND THE LIMITS OF THE NEW DEAL STATE, 1933-1945 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY AND THE COMMITTEE ON GRADUATE STUDIES OF STANFORD UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Maria Ponomarenko December 2010 © 2011 by Maria Ponomarenko. All Rights Reserved. Re-distributed by Stanford University under license with the author. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- Noncommercial 3.0 United States License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/ This dissertation is online at: http://purl.stanford.edu/ms252by4094 ii I certify that I have read this dissertation and that, in my opinion, it is fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. David Kennedy, Primary Adviser I certify that I have read this dissertation and that, in my opinion, it is fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Richard White, Co-Adviser I certify that I have read this dissertation and that, in my opinion, it is fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Mariano-Florentino Cuellar Approved for the Stanford University Committee on Graduate Studies. Patricia J. Gumport, Vice Provost Graduate Education This signature page was generated electronically upon submission of this dissertation in electronic format. An original signed hard copy of the signature page is on file in University Archives. iii Acknowledgements My principal thanks go to my adviser, David M.
    [Show full text]
  • Title IX and the Fight for Gender Equity in Athletics in the Twentieth Century Gillian O'dowd
    Union College Union | Digital Works Honors Theses Student Work 6-2018 Nevertheless, She Persisted: Title IX and the Fight for Gender Equity in Athletics in the Twentieth Century Gillian O'Dowd Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalworks.union.edu/theses Part of the United States History Commons, and the Women's History Commons Recommended Citation O'Dowd, Gillian, "Nevertheless, She Persisted: Title IX and the Fight for Gender Equity in Athletics in the Twentieth Century" (2018). Honors Theses. 1665. https://digitalworks.union.edu/theses/1665 This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Work at Union | Digital Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of Union | Digital Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. O’Dowd Page !1 Nevertheless, She Persisted: Title IX and the Fight for Gender Equity in Athletics in the Twentieth Century By Gillian O’Dowd ********** Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Honors in the Department of History June 2018 O’Dowd Page !2 Abstract During the first half of the twentieth century, the field of athletics in the United States was dominated by a culture of masculinity. Due to this inherent link with masculinity, American women were kept from participating in sports to protect their feminine nature. As the years passed of continuous oppression, only a small handful of women were able to fight back and make a name for themselves as prominent and successful athletes. To combat the larger issue of gender discrimination in America, a women’s movement was launched in the 1960s and 1970s.
    [Show full text]
  • Hollywood Loving
    HOLLYWOOD LOVING Kevin Noble Maillard* INTRODUCTION It is no coincidence that Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner1 was released the same year that Loving v. Virginia2 was decided: 1967. It was the first time in American history that interracial marriage was collectively recognized as a legitimate, intimate choice between two adults. This public exposition of racial intermixture exposed a collective memory of racial heterogeneity previously treated in law and popular culture as suspect. Collectively, there were few possibilities, expressions, or affirmative realizations of interracially intimate culture before 1967. Some cases, like McLaughlin v. Florida3 and Perez v. Sharp,4 successfully overturned discriminatory laws targeting interracial couples, but the vast majority, like Naim v. Naim,5 upheld them. * Professor of Law, Syracuse University. Thank you to the student editors of the Fordham Law Review and to the Fordham Professors Robin Lenhardt and Tanya Katerí Hernández for organizing the Symposium entitled Fifty Years of Loving v. Virginia and the Continued Pursuit of Racial Equality held at Fordham University School of Law on November 2–3, 2017. Additional thanks to my excellent Symposium panel for the discussion: Solangel Maldonado, Nancy Buirski, Leora Eisenstadt, and Regina Austin. And thank you to Rose Cuison Villazor, Darren Rosenblum, and Bridget Crawford for their insight, encouragement, and expertise. For an overview of the Symposium, see R.A. Lenhardt, Tanya K. Hernández & Kimani Paul- Emile, Foreword: Fifty Years of Loving v. Virginia and the Continued Pursuit of Racial Equality, 86 FORDHAM L. REV. 2625 (2018). 1. GUESS WHO’S COMING TO DINNER (Columbia Pictures 1967) (starring Sidney Poitier, Spencer Tracy, Katharine Hepburn, and Katharine Houghton).
    [Show full text]
  • Milestones in NZ Sexual Health Compiled by Margaret Sparrow
    MILESTONES IN NEW ZEALAND SEXUAL HEALTH by Dr Margaret Sparrow For The Australasian Sexual Health Conference Christchurch, New Zealand, June 2003 To celebrate The 25th Annual General Meeting of the New Zealand Venereological Society And The 25 years since the inaugural meeting of the Society in Wellington on 4 December 1978 And The 15th anniversary of the incorporation of the Australasian College of Sexual Health Physicians on 23 February 1988 TABLE OF CONTENTS Pg Acknowledgments 3 Foreword 4 Glossary of abbreviations 5 Chapter 1 Chronological Synopsis of World Events 7 Chapter 2 New Zealand: Milestones from 1914 to the Present 11 Chapter 3 Dr Bill Platts MBE (1909-2001) 25 Chapter 4 The New Zealand Venereological Society 28 Chapter 5 The Australasian College 45 Chapter 6 International Links 53 Chapter 7 Health Education and Health Promotion 57 Chapter 8 AIDS: Milestones Reflected in the Media 63 Postscript 69 References 70 2 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Dr Ross Philpot has always been a role model in demonstrating through his own publications the importance of historical records. Dr Janet Say was as knowledgeable, helpful and encouraging as ever. I drew especially on her international experience to help with the chapter on our international links. Dr Heather Lyttle, now in Perth, greatly enhanced the chapter on Dr Bill Platts with her personal reminiscences. Dr Gordon Scrimgeour read the chapter on the NZVS and remembered some things I had forgotten. I am grateful to John Boyd who some years ago found a copy of “The Shadow over New Zealand” in a second hand bookstore in Wellington. Dr Craig Young kindly read the first three chapters and made useful suggestions.
    [Show full text]
  • Military Sanitation
    DEPARTMENT OF THE m n .ARMY FIELD MANUAL DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE MANUAL MILITARY SANITATION DEL-AWARE NATIONA;-GUIJARD ACADEM- STATr AWi{,,TC i3y WILMINGIQN, DELAWARE DEPARTMENTS OF THE ARMY AND THE AIR FORCE MAY 1951 *FM 21-10/AFM160-46 FIELD MANUAL DEPARTMENTS OF THE ARMY No. 21-10 AND THE AIR FORCE AIR FORCE MANUAL No. 160-46 )WASHINGTOx 25, D. C., 6 May 1957 MILITARY SANITATION Paragraph Page CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION Section I. General ---------------------- 1-3 4 II. Responsibility for Military Sani- 4-8 5 tation. CHAPTER 2. CONTROL OF COMMUNI- CABLE DISEASES Section I. General .-. ..................9-22 9 II. Diseases of Military Importance_ 23-40 19 CHAPTER 3. FIELD WATER SUPPLY Section I. General -..................... 41-47 34 II. Water Reconnaissance -------- 48 52 42 III. Field Water Purification ------ 53-59 45 CHAPTER 4. IMPROVISED SANITARY DEVICES Section I. General ...-......... 60, 61 57 ]I. Water Heaters .--------- 62-66 57 III. Mess Gear Washing Devices --- 67-69 65 IV. Handwashing devices -- - 70, 71 67 V. Shower Facilities -------------- 72, 73 69 CHAPTER 5. WASTE DISPOSAL Section I. General---------------------- 74-76 72 11I. Human Wastes..-...... 77-85 73 III. Liquid Wastes ---------------- 86-88 87 IV. Garbage ..-.......... 89-93 93 V. Rubbish ------------ 94-96 97 *This manual supersedes FM 21-10. 5 July 1945. ineluding C 1, 27 November 1945, and C 2,.15 January 1946. AGO 5609C-April 1 Paragralph Page CHAPTER 6. KITCHEN AND MESS SANI- TATION Section I. General -................ 97, 98 09 II. Food Inspection -------- - 99-105 100 III. Handling and Storage of Food_-_ 106-111 104 IV.
    [Show full text]
  • “Rosie the Riveter” 1
    “Rosie the Riveter” 1 Source: Virginia Historical Society J. Howard Miller, employed by Westinghouse during World War II, produced this image for the War Production Coordinating Committee. Nearly 19,000,000 women, more than at any previous time in American history, worked for wages at one time or another during World War II. Thus, they played a significant role on the home front by assisting in the war effort. As the Revolutionary War left the indelible image of “Molly Pitcher” in American memory, World War II ushered in the mythical character of “Rosie the Riveter”. Rosie, like “Wendy the Welder,” another wartime cultural icon, owed her name to the War Manpower Commission’s propaganda campaign to entice women to work in industrial plants. “Rosie’s got a boyfriend, Charlie; Charlie, he’s a marine,” ran a wartime jingle: Rosie is protecting Charlie Working overtime on the riveting machine. Prior to the war, 12,000,000 women were employed in traditional occupations segregated along gender and racial lines. Black and Hispanic women were most likely to be domestic servants whereas white women were likely to hold jobs in teaching, nursing, social work, and the civil service. A majority of these women were single. In 1940, half of all single women in the United States were employed, while only 15 percent of those employed were married. But in early 1942, it became apparent that new workers had to be found as men left their jobs to join the armed forces. Eager to persuade women to fill these vacant posts, industrial leaders orchestrated an advertising campaign that portrayed Rosie as strapping but stylish.
    [Show full text]
  • Rosie the Homemaker": How National and Local Publications Influenced Women in Central Iowa on the Home Front During World Wars I and II
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Graduate Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2019 "Rosie the homemaker": How national and local publications influenced women in Central Iowa on the home front during World Wars I and II Alyssa Kay Yanni Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Yanni, Alyssa Kay, ""Rosie the homemaker": How national and local publications influenced women in Central Iowa on the home front during World Wars I and II" (2019). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 17621. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/17621 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. “Rosie the homemaker”: How national and local publications influenced women in central Iowa on the home front during World Wars I and II by Alyssa Kay Yanni A thesis submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Major: History Program of Study Committee: Pamela Riney-Kehrberg, Major Professor Amy Bix Ted Grevstad-Nordbrock The student author, whose presentation of the scholarship herein was approved by the program of study committee, is solely responsible for the content of this thesis. The Graduate College will ensure this thesis is globally accessible and will not permit alterations after a degree is conferred.
    [Show full text]
  • The Sexual Life of the Child
    The Sexual Life of the Child by Albert Moll BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD Author Moll, Albert, 1862-1939 Contributor Thorndike, Edward L. (Edward Lee), 1874-1949 [Contributor] Contributor Paul, Eden, 1865-1944 [Translator] Title The Sexual Life of the Child Language English LoC Class HQ: Social sciences: The family, Marriage, Sex and Gender Subject Children -- Sexual behavior Subject Sex instruction EText-No. 28402 Release Date 2009-03-25 Copyright Status Not copyrighted in the United States. Base Directory /2/8/4/0/28402/ The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Sexual Life of the Child, by Albert Moll This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net Title: The Sexual Life of the Child Author: Albert Moll Contributor: Edward L. Thorndike Translator: Eden Paul Release Date: March 25, 2009 [EBook #28402] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE SEXUAL LIFE OF THE CHILD *** Produced by Fritz Ohrenschall, Turgut Dincer and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This book was produced from scanned images of public domain material from the Google Print project.) THE SEXUAL LIFE OF THE CHILD By Dr. Albert Moll TRANSLATED FROM THE GERMAN BY DR. EDEN PAUL WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY EDWARD L. THORNDIKE PROFESSOR OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY TEACHERS COLLEGE, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY NEW YORK THE MACMILLAN COMPANY 1919 _All rights reserved_ COPYRIGHT, 1912, BY THE MACMILLAN COMPANY.
    [Show full text]
  • House of Representatives
    The Speaker announced that there were 99 members present and OFFICIAL JOURNAL a quorum. OF THE Prayer HOUSE OF Prayer was offered by Rep. Edmonds. REPRESENTATIVES Pledge of Allegiance OF THE Rep. Emerson led the House in reciting the Pledge of Allegiance STATE OF LOUISIANA to the Flag of the United States of America. Reading of the Journal FOURTH DAY'S PROCEEDINGS On motion of Rep. Huval, the reading of the Journal was dispensed with. On motion of Rep. Huval, the Journal of April 14, 2021, was Forty-seventh Regular Session of the Legislature adopted. Under the Adoption of the Constitution of 1974 Petitions, Memorials, and Communications House of Representatives The following petitions, memorials, and communications were State Capitol received and read: Baton Rouge, Louisiana Message from the Senate Thursday, April 15, 2021 HOUSE CONCURRENT RESOLUTIONS The House of Representatives was called to order at 2:03 P.M., by the Honorable Clay Schexnayder, Speaker of the House of April 15, 2021 Representatives. To the Honorable Speaker and Members of the House of Morning Hour Representatives: ROLL CALL I am directed to inform your honorable body that the Senate has concurred in the following House Concurrent Resolutions: The roll being called, the following members answered to their names: House Concurrent Resolution No. 23 PRESENT Returned without amendments Mr. Speaker Freeman McKnight Respectfully submitted, Adams Freiberg McMahen Amedee Frieman Miguez YOLANDA J. DIXON Bacala Gadberry Miller, D. Secretary of the Senate Bagley Gaines Miller, G. Beaullieu Garofalo Mincey Message from the Senate Bishop Geymann Moore Bourriaque Goudeau Muscarello Brass Green Nelson ASKING CONCURRENCE IN Brown Harris Newell SENATE CONCURRENT RESOLUTIONS Bryant Hilferty Orgeron Butler Hodges Owen, C.
    [Show full text]