DOCSLIB.ORG

Abundance, Interaction and Movement in a European Lobster Stock

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Abundance, Interaction and Movement in a European Lobster Stock ABUNDANCE, INTERACTION AND MOVEMENT IN A EUROPEAN LOBSTER STOCK Daniel J. Skerritt Thesis submitted to Newcastle University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Marine Science and Technology July 2014 Abstract Abundance, interaction and movement in a European lobster stock Daniel J. Skerritt Supervisors: Dr Clare Fitzsimmons and Prof. Nicholas V.C. Polunin Examiners: Dr Colin Bannister and Dr Ben Wigham Abstract European lobsters form one of the most economically valuable portions of UK landings, yet they are little regulated, despite stocks being considered fully exploited. Biological and behavioural knowledge is lacking, managerial effort is low and understanding is often inferred from other species. To ensure continued productivity of this important fishery, improved data on fishing activity, population dynamics, catchability, recruitment, movement and distribution are urgently required. Through analysis of capture-mark-recapture data, fishery-independent catches, behavioural- interaction studies and acoustic telemetry tracking, this thesis aims to provide a basis for future research and management. Capture-mark-recapture (CMR) and fishery-independent catch data established estimates of density, proportionate distribution, movements and site-fidelity and catchability parameters. These revealed high site fidelity and catchability differences between sexes leading to female-skewed density estimates. If these findings are corroborated, the effect and causes of disproportionate sex ratios must be addressed. The mixed-species nature of UK shellfisheries led to studies recording the impact of inter-specific and intra-specific interactions on catchability and catch rates. Lobster presence significantly lowered catchability of crab species and occurrences of same- sex lobster pairings were lower than expected. Findings highlight both the inconsistency of using catch per unit effort (CPUE) as a direct index of abundance and the danger of analysing crab and lobster catch data in isolation from each other. The final study employed an acoustic telemetry array to quantify in situ lobster movement, providing unique information on short-term home-ranges and habitat- utilisation. There were both transient and resident portions of the population, not predictable by sex or size. Males had significantly larger home-ranges than females, i Abstract which could explain their increased catchability estimated in the CMR study. In contrast to trap catch data, most lobsters were recorded using soft substrate outwith their home-range. Movement behaviour changed accordingly, from ‘searching’ behaviour on mixed and hard substrates to ‘exploratory’ behaviour on soft. This highlighted a potential connectivity between isolated rocky habitats. The present study reveals the importance of undertaking local lobster studies in order to elucidate behavioural traits and highlight sampling uncertainties that can have important impacts on methods of stock assessment. Findings provide an initial baseline for further data collection, allowing changes in the population to be monitored. ii Acknowledgements Acknowledgements I took on the challenge of this PhD under no illusions of the task at hand; I never underestimated the amount of hard work that would be involved. However, the three years have also been a great deal of fun and was an experience I am unlikely to forget. Since moving to Newcastle in 2005, I have regarded it as my home, therefore this study has had a particular resonance with me. Working alongside fishermen and managers within Northumberland, with focus on this relatively understudied population of lobster within such close vicinity to my doorstep, has been a rare privilege. I would like to think that the findings, outcomes and working relationships built during this study will prove useful for years to come. Numerous people have provided help, advice and support during the three years of planning and implementing of fieldwork and writing this thesis. Unfortunately I do not have space to thank them all, but I am grateful for the experience that each one has shared with me. I would first like to thank my supervisors Dr Clare Fitzsimmons and Prof. Nicholas Polunin for all their help throughout the PhD. They have offered support, guidance and plenty of patience. I have learnt a great deal and enjoyed every aspect of working together over the past five years. I would also like to thank Dr Mike Bell and Dr Aileen Mill for all your statistical advice and help, particularly Mike for provision of the R-code used in Chapter 2. Thank you for always answering my emails and questions, even without the incentive of cake on occasion. I would also like to thank; everyone within our research group at Newcastle University; distractions from study during coffee on Thursday (CoT) were a great motivation to get ample work done by 1100; all members, past and present, of 2.60, it has been a pleasure, although I’m not sure who was the biggest distraction to my work, but thanks for putting up with me and Ted; and Dr Catherine Scott, for creating my first opportunity to conduct research. The first year was a steep learning curve for many of us and hopefully the success of the following years will promote further collaboration between Newcastle University, Natural England and the NIFCA. Special thanks must go to the NIFCA officers, without their help I could never have begun to gain samples to study these animals. Particularly, I would like to thank those iii Acknowledgements who helped with fieldwork and the painting of hundreds of lobsters and thousands of crabs during 2010, the coldest winter since records began. I know some mornings you despaired, but it was all good fun in the end. Without the NIFCA officers most of this PhD would not have been possible. I would also like to thank Robert Oliver for first showing me how to rig traps and tie an eye-splice; Peter Berney and all other volunteers during this study, for tirelessly helping during field work. Finally I must thank all those involved with the RV Princess Royal. Especially, Dr Ben Wigham for helping to make time in the schedule for my work and Neil Armstrong and Barry Pearson for helping with the planning and conducting of the final two years of field work. I learnt a vast amount from these two, although to their annoyance I often forgot some of it too. This PhD was made possible by initial funding and belief from Natural England and the NIFCA. Further investment from Newcastle University and the MMO helped it expand into a PhD. Hopefully this financial investment and personal involvement will help to begin to increase our knowledge and understanding of lobster in the North East, and help to prepare for the continued sustainability of this regionally important species. I am proud to have had the opportunity to conduct research within Northumberland, alongside the great people I have worked with. I am also incredibly grateful to all my family and friends for the support and love they have offered me throughout, particularly, Dr Paul Woods for affording me the opportunity to remain within academia. Finally, and most importantly, I would like to thank Chloe. Thank you for your patience while I have completed this thesis. Thank you for your support, encouragement and love, I could not have completed this without your inspiration. iv Table of contents Table of contents Chapter 1: Introduction 1 1.1 Clawed lobsters 2 1.2 Biology, reproduction and larval ecology 3 1.3 Behaviour and distribution 6 1.3.1 Movement 7 1.3.2 Habitat 9 1.4 Fishing 10 1.4.1 Seasonality 11 1.4.2 Soak time 12 1.4.3 Effective area fished 13 1.4.4 Species interactions 14 1.5 Management 15 1.5.1 Stock assessment 17 1.5.2 Capture-mark-recapture 20 1.5.3 Tracking technology 20 1.5.4 Marine protected areas 22 1.5.5 Aquaculture and enhancement 23 1.6 Future research and discussion 24 1.7 Thesis outline and objectives 26 Chapter 2: Estimating Homarus gammarus densities from continuous, short-term capture-mark-recapture catch data 28 2.1 Introduction 29 2.2 Methodology 31 2.2.1 Study site 31 2.2.2 Data collection 31 2.2.3 Model framework 34 2.2.4 Model fitting and goodness-of-fit 41 2.2.5 Effort modelling 42 2.3 Results 44 2.3.1 Catch data 44 v Table of contents 2.3.2 Capture-mark-recapture data and model selection 45 2.3.3 Goodness-of-fit 49 2.3.4 Effective effort estimation 50 2.3.5 Population size and density estimates 51 2.4 Discussion 53 2.4.1 Population size estimates 53 2.4.2 Assumptions and uncertainties 58 2.4.3 Sampling design 60 2.4.4 Model framework 61 2.5 Conclusion 61 Chapter 3: Inter- and intra-specific interactions affecting the Homarus gammarus catch in a mixed coastal fishery 63 3.1 Introduction 64 3.2 Methodology 67 3.2.1 Study sites 67 3.2.2 Data collection 69 3.2.3 Statistical analysis 71 3.3 Results 72 3.3.1 Fishery-independent trap survey data 72 3.3.2 Pre-loaded trap-catch data (2011 – 2012) 75 3.3.3 Pre-loaded trap-catch data (2013) 78 3.4 Discussion 83 3.4.1 Intra-specific interactions 84 3.4.2 Inter-specific interactions 86 3.4.3 Methodological improvements 87 3.4.4 Future implications of the study 88 3.5 Conclusion 89 Chapter 4: Investigating spatial distribution and movements of Homarus gammarus via fishery-independent trap surveys and mark-recapture 91 4.1 Introduction 92 4.2 Methodology 94 vi Table of contents 4.2.1 Study sites 94 4.2.2 Data collection 96 4.2.2.1 Fishery-independent trap data 97 4.2.2.2 Capture-mark-recapture 100 4.2.3 Statistical analysis 101 4.3 Results 103 4.3.1 Fishery-independent trap
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Role of Symbiotic Bacteria on Life History Traits of Freshwater Crustacean, Daphnia Magna
    Title Role of symbiotic bacteria on life history traits of freshwater crustacean, Daphnia magna Author(s) Peerakietkhajorn, Saranya Citation Issue Date Text Version ETD URL https://doi.org/10.18910/54011 DOI 10.18910/54011 rights Note Osaka University Knowledge Archive : OUKA https://ir.library.osaka-u.ac.jp/ Osaka University Doctoral Dissertation Role of symbiotic bacteria on life history traits of freshwater crustacean, Daphnia magna Saranya Peerakietkhajorn June 2015 Department of Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 1 Contents Chapter 1 General introduction 5 1.1 Biology of Daphnia 6 1.2 Daphnia in bioenvironmental sciences 10 1.3 Molecular genetics of Daphnia 10 1.4 Symbiosis 11 1.5 Objective of this study 14 Chapter 2 Role of symbiotic bacteria on life history traits of D. magna and bacterial community composition 2.1 Introduction 15 2.2 Material and Methods 2.2.1 Daphnia strain and culture condition 16 2.2.2 Axenic Chlorella 17 2.2.3 Preparation of aposymbiotic juvenile Daphnia 17 2.2.4 Bacteria-free culture of aposymbiotic Daphnia 18 2.2.5 Determination of longevity of Daphnia 18 2.2.6 Re-infection by co-culture with symbiotic Daphnia 18 2.2.7 Re-infection by dipping in Daphnia extracts 18 2.2.8 DNA extraction 19 2.2.9 Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) 19 2.2.10 Sequencing 20 2.2.11 Statistical analyse 20 2.3 Results 2 2.3.1 Generation of aposymbiotic Daphnia 20 2.3.2 Longevity of aposymbiotic Daphnia 22 2.3.3 Population dynamics of aposymbiotic Daphnia 23 2.3.4 Recovery of fecundity of aposymbiotic Daphnia by re-infection 23 2.3.5 Sequencing of symbiotic bacteria 26 2.4 Discussion 30 2.5 Summary 32 Chapter 3 Role of Limnohabitans, a dominant bacterium on D.
    [Show full text]
  • Lobster Diseases
    HELGOL~NDER MEERESUNTERSUCHUNGEN Helgol~inder Meeresunters. 37, 243-254 (1984) Lobster diseases J. E. Stewart Fisheries Research Branch, Department of Fisheries and Oceans; P.O.Box 550, Hallfax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3J 2S7 ABSTRACT: A number of diseases affecting lobsters (shell disease, fungal infections and a few selected parasitic occurrences} are described and have been discussed briefly. The bacterial disease, gaffkemia, is described in more detail and used insofar as possible to illustrate the interaction of a pathogen with a vulnerable crustacean host. Emphasis has been placed on the holistic approach stressing the capacity of lobsters and other crustaceans to cope with disease through flexible defense mechanisms, including on occasion the development of resistance. INTRODUCTION Although lobsters in their natural environments and in captivity are exposed to a wide range of microorganisms the list of diseases to which they are recorded as being subject is not lengthy. The list, however, will undoubtedly lengthen as studies on the lobsters continue and in particular as attempts to culture lobsters proceed. Lobsters in keeping with other large and long lived crustaceans appear to be reasonably equipped to deal with most infectious agents. They possess a continuous sheath of chitinous shell or membranous covering composed of several different layers more or less impervious to normal wear and tear. In addition, once this barrier is breached a battery of intrinsic defenses is available to confine or destroy disease agents. These include rapid formation of a firm non-retracting hemolymph clot, bactericidins, agglutinins, phagocytic capacity or encapsulation and melanization. All of these serve the lobsters well until the animals are faced with an infectious agent which through circumstance or unique capabilities is able to overcome these defenses.
    [Show full text]
  • Cefas PANDA Report
    Project no. SSPE-CT-2003-502329 PANDA Permanent network to strengthen expertise on infectious diseases of aquaculture species and scientific advice to EU policy Coordination Action, Scientific support to policies WP4: Report on the current best methods for rapid and accurate detection of the main disease hazards in aquaculture, requirements for improvement, their eventual standardisation and validation, and how to achieve harmonised implementation throughout Europe of the best diagnostic methods Olga Haenen*, Inger Dalsgaard, Jean-Robert Bonami, Jean-Pierre Joly, Niels Olesen, Britt Bang Jensen, Ellen Ariel, Laurence Miossec and Isabelle Arzul Work package leader & corresponding author: Dr Olga Haenen, CIDC-Lelystad, NL ([email protected]) PANDA co-ordinator: Dr Barry Hill, CEFAS, UK; www.europanda.net © PANDA, 2007 Cover image: Koi with Koi Herpes Virus Disease: enophthalmia and gill necrosis (M.Engelsma acknowl.) Contents Executive summary 5 Section 1 Introduction 7 1.1 Description of work 7 1.2 Deliverables 8 1.3 Milestones and expected results 9 1.4 Structure of the report and how to use it 9 1.5 General remarks and links with other WPs of PANDA 9 Section 2 Materials and methods 10 2.1 Task force 10 2.2 Network 10 2.3 Workshops and dissemination 10 2.4 Analysis of data 10 2.5 Why harmonization throughout Europe background and aim 11 2.6. CRL functions 11 Section 3 Results 12 3.1 Task force 12 3.2 Network 12 3.3 Workshops and dissemination 12 3.4 Analysis of data 14 Diseases/pathogens of fish 14 3.4.1 Epizootic haematopoietic necrosis
    [Show full text]
  • Pre-Exposure to Infectious Hypodermal and Haematopoietic Necrosis Virus Or to Inactivated White Spot Syndrome Virus
    Journal of Fish Diseases 2006, 29, 589–600 Pre-exposure to infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis virus or to inactivated white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) confers protection against WSSV in Penaeus vannamei (Boone) post-larvae J Melena1,4, B Bayot1, I Betancourt1, Y Amano2, F Panchana1, V Alday3, J Caldern1, S Stern1, Ph Roch4 and J-R Bonami4 1 Fundacio´n CENAIM-ESPOL, Guayaquil, Ecuador 2 Instituto Nacional de Higiene, Leopoldo Izquieta Pe´rez, Guayaquil, Ecuador 3 INVE TECHNOLOGIES nv, Dendermonde, Belgium 4 Pathogens and Immunity, EcoLag, Universite´ Montpellier 2, Montpellier cedex 5, France delayed mortality. This evidence suggests a pro- Abstract tective role of IHHNV as an interfering virus, while Larvae and post-larvae of Penaeus vannamei protection obtained by inactivated WSSV might (Boone) were submitted to primary challenge with result from non-specific antiviral immune response. infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis Keywords: infectious hypodermal and haemato- virus (IHHNV) or formalin-inactivated white spot poietic necrosis virus, Penaeus vannamei, viral syndrome virus (WSSV). Survival rate and viral co-infection, viral inactivation, viral interference, load were evaluated after secondary per os challenge white spot syndrome virus. with WSSV at post-larval stage 45 (PL45). Only shrimp treated with inactivated WSSV at PL35 or with IHHNV infection at nauplius 5, zoea 1 and Introduction PL22 were alive (4.7% and 4%, respectively) at Viral diseases have led to severe mortalities of 10 days post-infection (p.i.). Moreover, at 9 days cultured penaeid shrimp all over the world (Flegel p.i. there was 100% mortality in all remaining 1997; Lightner 1999).
    [Show full text]
  • Enhanced Cellular Immunity in Shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannamei) After ‘Vaccination’
    Enhanced Cellular Immunity in Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) after ‘Vaccination’ Edward C. Pope1., Adam Powell1., Emily C. Roberts1, Robin J. Shields1, Robin Wardle2, Andrew F. Rowley1* 1 Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Research, Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom, 2 Intervet/Schering – Plough Animal Health (Aquaculture), Aquaculture Centre, Saffron Walden, United Kingdom Abstract It has long been viewed that invertebrates rely exclusively upon a wide variety of innate mechanisms for protection from disease and parasite invasion and lack any specific acquired immune mechanisms comparable to those of vertebrates. Recent findings, however, suggest certain invertebrates may be able to mount some form of specific immunity, termed ‘specific immune priming’, although the mechanism of this is not fully understood (see Textbox S1). In our initial experiments, either formalin-inactivated Vibrio harveyi or sterile saline were injected into the main body cavity (haemocoel) of juvenile shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Haemocytes (blood cells) from V. harveyi-injected shrimp were collected 7 days later and incubated with a 1:1 mix of V. harveyi and an unrelated Gram positive bacterium, Bacillus subtilis. Haemocytes from ‘vaccinated’ shrimp showed elevated levels of phagocytosis of V. harveyi, but not B. subtilis, compared with those from saline-injected (non-immunised) animals. The increased phagocytic activity was characterised by a significant increase in the percentage of phagocytic cells. When shrimp were injected with B. subtilis rather than vibrio, there was no significant increase in the phagocytic activity of haemocytes from these animals in comparison to the non-immunised (saline injected) controls. Whole haemolymph (blood) from either ‘immunised’ or non-immunised’ shrimp was shown to display innate humoral antibacterial activity against V.
    [Show full text]
  • Disease of Aquatic Organisms 100:89
    Vol. 100: 89–93, 2012 DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS Published August 27 doi: 10.3354/dao02510 Dis Aquat Org OPENPEN ACCESSCCESS INTRODUCTION Disease effects on lobster fisheries, ecology, and culture: overview of DAO Special 6 Donald C. Behringer1,2,*, Mark J. Butler IV3, Grant D. Stentiford4 1Program in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32653, USA 2Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA 3Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA 4European Union Reference Laboratory for Crustacean Diseases, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth Laboratory, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK ABSTRACT: Lobsters are prized by commercial and recreational fishermen worldwide, and their populations are therefore buffeted by fishery practices. But lobsters also remain integral members of their benthic communities where predator−prey relationships, competitive interactions, and host−pathogen dynamics push and pull at their population dynamics. Although lobsters have few reported pathogens and parasites relative to other decapod crustaceans, the rise of diseases with consequences for lobster fisheries and aquaculture has spotlighted the importance of disease for lobster biology, population dynamics and ecology. Researchers, managers, and fishers thus increasingly recognize the need to understand lobster pathogens and parasites so they can be managed proactively and their impacts minimized where possible. At the 2011 International Con- ference and Workshop on Lobster Biology and Management a special session on lobster diseases was convened and this special issue of Diseases of Aquatic Organisms highlights those proceed- ings with a suite of articles focused on diseases discussed during that session.
    [Show full text]
  • Parasites and Marine Invasions: Ecological and Evolutionary Perspectives
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Electronic Publication Information Center SEARES-01422; No of Pages 16 Journal of Sea Research xxx (2016) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Sea Research journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/seares Parasites and marine invasions: Ecological and evolutionary perspectives M. Anouk Goedknegt a,⁎, Marieke E. Feis b, K. Mathias Wegner b, Pieternella C. Luttikhuizen a,c, Christian Buschbaum b, Kees (C. J.) Camphuysen a, Jaap van der Meer a,d, David W. Thieltges a,c a Marine Ecology Department, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), P.O. Box 59, Den Burg, 1790 AB Texel, The Netherlands b Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Wadden Sea Station Sylt, Hafenstrasse 43, 25992 List auf Sylt, Germany c Department of Marine Benthic Ecology and Evolution GELIFES, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands d Department of Animal Ecology, VU University Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands article info abstract Article history: Worldwide, marine and coastal ecosystems are heavily invaded by introduced species and the potential role of Received 28 February 2015 parasites in the success and impact of marine invasions has been increasingly recognized. In this review, we Received in revised form 1 December 2015 link recent theoretical developments in invasion ecology with empirical studies from marine ecosystems in Accepted 7 December
    [Show full text]
  • History of Lactic Acid Bacteria Pdf
    History of lactic acid bacteria pdf Continue This article needs additional quotes to verify. Please help improve this article by adding quotes to reliable sources. Non-sources of materials can be challenged and removed. Find sources: Lactic acid bacteria - News newspaper book scientist JSTOR (April 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this pattern message) Lactic acid bacteria Lesions Waisella confucia in monkey mona (hematoxyline and eosine spot): A) liver: portal triad with neutrophil infiltration (x10); A1, the presence of bacterial embolism inside the vein (arrow) (x40). B) Acute pneumonia: swelling, congestion and exudation of white blood cells in pulmonary alveoli (x10). C) Encephalitis: congestion and marginalized neutrophils in nerve vessels (x10) Scientific classification Domain: Bacteria Filum: Firmicutes Class: Bacillus Order: Lactobacillales Family Aerococcaceae Carnobacteriaceae Enterococo Lactobacillaceae Leuconostocaceae Streptococcaceae Genera incertae sedis Aerosphaera Carnococcus Chungangia Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are an order of gram-positive, low-GC, acid-resistant, usually without arguing, non-dominant, or rod-shaped (bacillus), or spherical (smoked) bacteria that have common metabolic and physiological characteristics. These bacteria, usually in decomposing plants and dairy products, produce lactic acid as the main metabolic end product of carbohydrate fermentation. This trait, throughout history, has linked LAB to food fermentation as acidification inhibits the growth of agent corruption. Protein bacteriokins are produced by several strains of LAB and are an additional obstacle to corruption and pathogens. In addition, lactic acid and other metabolic products promote the organoleptic and textural profile of the food. The industrial importance of LAB once again demonstrates their accepted status as safe (GRAS) in connection with their ubiquitous appearance in food and their contribution to the healthy microbiota of animals and human mucous surfaces.
    [Show full text]
  • A Histological Study of Shell Disease Syndrome in the Edible Crab Cancer Pagurus
    DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS Vol. 47: 209–217, 2001 Published December 5 Dis Aquat Org A histological study of shell disease syndrome in the edible crab Cancer pagurus Claire L. Vogan, Carolina Costa-Ramos, Andrew F. Rowley* School of Biological Sciences, University of Wales Swansea, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, Wales, UK ABSTRACT: Shell disease syndrome is characterised by the external manifestation of black spot lesions in the exoskeletons of crustaceans. In the present study, gills, hepatopancreas and hearts from healthy (<0.05% black spot coverage) and diseased (5 to 15% coverage) edible crabs, Cancer pagu- rus, were examined histologically to determine whether this disease can cause internal damage to such crabs. There was clear evidence of cuticular damage in the gills of diseased crabs leading to the formation of haemocyte plugs termed nodules. Nephrocytes found within the branchial septa of the gills showed an increase in the accumulation of dark material in their vacuoles in response to disease. In the hepatopancreas, various stages of tubular degradation were apparent that correlated with the severity of external disease. Similarly, there was a positive correlation between the number of viable bacteria in the haemolymph and the degree of shell disease severity. Approximately 21% of the haemolymph-isolated bacteria displayed chitinolytic activity. Overall, these findings suggest that shell disease syndrome should not be considered as a disease of the cuticle alone. Furthermore, it shows that in wild populations of crabs shell perforations may lead to limited septicaemia potentially resulting in damage of internal tissues. Whether such natural infections lead to significant fatalities in crabs is still uncertain.
    [Show full text]
  • Homarus Americanus H
    BioInvasions Records (2021) Volume 10, Issue 1: 170–180 CORRECTED PROOF Rapid Communication An American in the Aegean: first record of the American lobster Homarus americanus H. Milne Edwards, 1837 from the eastern Mediterranean Sea Thodoros E. Kampouris1,*, Georgios A. Gkafas2, Joanne Sarantopoulou2, Athanasios Exadactylos2 and Ioannis E. Batjakas1 1Marine Sciences Department, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, University Hill, Mytilene, Lesvos Island, 81100, Greece 2Department of Ichthyology & Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Fytoko Street, Volos, 38 445, Greece Author e-mails: [email protected] (TEK), [email protected] (IEB), [email protected] (GAG), [email protected] (JS), [email protected] (AE) *Corresponding author Citation: Kampouris TE, Gkafas GA, Sarantopoulou J, Exadactylos A, Batjakas Abstract IE (2021) An American in the Aegean: first record of the American lobster A male Homarus americanus individual, commonly known as the American lobster, Homarus americanus H. Milne Edwards, was caught by artisanal fishermen at Chalkidiki Peninsula, Greece, north-west Aegean 1837 from the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Sea on 26 August 2019. The individual weighted 628.1 g and measured 96.7 mm in BioInvasions Records 10(1): 170–180, carapace length (CL) and 31.44 cm in total length (TL). The specimen was identified https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2021.10.1.18 by both morphological and molecular means. This is the species’ first record from Received: 7 June 2020 the eastern Mediterranean Sea and Greece, and only the second for the whole basin. Accepted: 16 October 2020 However, several hypotheses for potential introduction vectors are discussed, as Published: 21 December 2020 well as the potential implication to the regional lobster fishery.
    [Show full text]
  • A Bibliography of the Lobsters, Genus Homarus
    A Bibliography of the Lobsters, Genus Homarus By R. D. LEWIS, Fishery Biologist Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Biological Laboratory West Boothbay Harbor, Maine 04575 ABSTRACT A total of 1,303 references are given. INTRODUCTION This bibliography was begun in the summer Andrews, New Brunswick; the Bureau of Com­ of 1964. It was mimeographed and distributed mercial Fisheries Biological Laboratory, West at a meeting of United States and Canadian Boothbay Harbor, Maine; and the Department scientists concerned with the biology of the of Interior Library and the Library of American lobster held on November 9-10, Congress, Washington, D.C. 1965, at the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Lists of references that I had overlooked Laboratory, West Boothbay Harbor, Maine. in the 1965 manuscript were provided by References in the 1965 manuscript were H. J. Thomas, Department of Agriculture and compiled from the original papers, their cita­ Fisheries for Scotland, Marine Laboratory, tions, and the bibliographies ofHerrick(1911), Aberdeen; D. G. Wilder, Fisheries Research Scattergood (1949), and Dawson (1954). The Board of Canada, Biological Station, St. present list also includes references from Andrews, New Brunswick; and R. J. Ghelardi, the bibliography of Bergeron (1965). Fisheries R esearch Board of Canada, Biologi­ About 80 percent of the references were cal Station, Nanamio, British Columbia. found in the library of the Marine Biological The library staffs of the Marine Bio­ Laboratory at Woods Hole, Mass., and the logical L aboratory at Woods Hole and the rest at the libraries of the Fisheries Research Biological Station at St. Andrews assisted Board of Canada, Biological Station, St.
    [Show full text]
  • Generating Genomic Resources for Two Crustacean Species and Their Application to the Study of White Spot Disease
    Generating genomic resources for two crustacean species and their application to the study of White Spot Disease Submitted by Bas Verbruggen To the University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biological Sciences, September 2016 This thesis is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. Signature: ……………………………………(Bas Verbruggen) Abstract Over the last decades the crustacean aquaculture sector has been steadily growing, in order to meet global demands for its products. A major hurdle for further growth of the industry is the prevalence of viral disease epidemics that are facilitated by the intense culture conditions. A devastating virus impacting on the sector is the White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV), responsible for over US $ 10 billion in losses in shrimp production and trade. The Pathogenicity of WSSV is high, reaching 100 % mortality within 3-10 days in penaeid shrimps. In contrast, the European shore crab Carcinus maenas has been shown to be relatively resistant to WSSV. Uncovering the basis of this resistance could help inform on the development of strategies to mitigate the WSSV threat. C. maenas has been used widely in studies on ecotoxicology and host-pathogen interactions. However, like most aquatic crustaceans, the genomic resources available for this species are limited, impairing experimentation.
    [Show full text]