Historisk Forskning Om Rasism Och Främlingsfientlighet I Sverige

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Historisk Forskning Om Rasism Och Främlingsfientlighet I Sverige Historisk forskning om rasism och främlingsfientlighet i Sverige – en analyserande kunskapsöversikt Martin Ericsson Historisk forskning om rasism och främlingsfientlighet i Sverige – en analyserande kunskapsöversikt Martin Ericsson Historiska institutionen vid Lunds universitet Rapport till Forum för levande historia, 15 april 2016 Bilder på omslaget: Bokhandel med antisemitisk skylt i Stockholm, 1941. Fotograf: okänd / Arbetarrörelsens arkiv och bibliotek. Hamn i Gustavia på den karibiska ön Saint-Bartélemy, som var en svensk koloni 1784–1878. Centralt i bild syns två slavar. Okänd konstnär / Sjöhistoriska museet. Flyktingbarn från Finland tas emot av lottor i Sverige, 1944. Fotograf okänd / Wikimedia. Sorselesamer i Ammarnäs, 1871. Fotograf: Lotten von Düben / Nordiska museet. Romska barn i Linköping får undervisning utomhus under sent 1950-tal. Foto: ERG arkiv. Titel: Historisk forskning om rasism och främlingsfientlighet i Sverige – en analyserande kunskapsöversikt Författare: Martin Ericsson Grafisk design: Direktör Wigg reklambyrå Tryck: Elanders tryckeri 2016 Forum för levande historia Stora Nygatan 10–12, Box 2123, 103 13 Stockholm Tel: 08-723 87 50 [email protected] www.levandehistoria.se ISBN 978-91-86261-48-1 © Forum för levande historia Innehåll Förord 6 Religionskritik eller antisemitism i förklädnad? ”Skäktningsdebatten” ................................................................. 51 ”Arierbevisen” och ”ariseringskampanjerna” Kapitel 1. Inledning mot svenska företag ................................................................... 52 och utgångspunkter 7 Vad hände med de religiösa Ambitioner och avgränsningar .....................................................7 antisemitiska föreställningarna? ............................................... 55 Disposition .................................................................................... 10 Försvunnen eller övervintrad? Antisemitismen efter andra världskriget ................................. 56 Den revolutionära vänstern och antisemitismen ................... 57 Kapitel 2. Rasism, främlingsfientlighet, rasifiering eller något annat? 12 Avslutande diskussion ................................................................ 59 Främlingsfientlighet och xenofobi ............................................ 12 Kapitel 4. Det svenska samhället och samer- Begreppet rasism. Den idéhistoriska slagsidan ................... 14 na 63 Institutionell rasism, strukturell rasism och rasifiering ......... 18 Tvångskristnande, missionsverksamhet Avslutande diskussion ................................................................ 21 och kontroll av samiska sedvänjor ........................................... 64 Intrång på lappskattelanden. Kapitel 3. Antisemitism 23 Svensk ekonomisk expansion ca 1750–1900 ..................... 66 Det villkorade skyddet. Begreppet antisemitism ............................................................ 23 ”Lapp-ska-vara-lapp”-politiken växer fram ............................ 67 Fein och Röhl: ”Lapp-ska-vara-lapp”-politiken Gemensamma utgångspunkter? ............................................. 25 i praktiken: Nomadskolan .......................................................... 72 Vem är antisemit, och vem är jude? ......................................... 29 ”Lapp-ska-vara-lapp”-politiken Vägen fram till toleransediktet 1781 ....................................... 30 i praktiken: Bostadspolitiken ..................................................... 74 Judereglementet .......................................................................... 32 En ny politik växer fram ............................................................... 75 Kollektivt antisemitiskt våld mot svenska judar Lika barn leka bäst? Motsägelsefulla 1838–1852 .................................................................................. 35 representationer av samer på film ............................................ 77 ”Emancipationsprocessen” 1844–1870. Avslutande diskussion ................................................................ 78 Men emancipation för vem? ...................................................... 36 Ansträngda relationer mellan de mosaiska Kapitel 5. ”Zigenarfrågan” församlingarna och migranterna .............................................. 39 och ”tattarfrågan” 83 Antisemitiska stereotyper i pressen ca 1850–1930 ........... 42 ”Rom”, ”resande”, ”zigenare” och ”tattare”. Antisemitiska stereotyper på film ca 1920–1940 ............... 45 Terminologisk problematik ......................................................... 84 Trösklar till kulturens finrum. Begreppet antiziganism ............................................................. 85 Angrepp på judiska kulturutövare ............................................ 46 De första mötena med det svenska riket. Försök att skapa antisemitiska organisationer Ca 1500–1650 ........................................................................... 88 ca 1880–1915 ............................................................................ 47 Tidig integration och möten med lösdrivarpolitiken. Elof Eriksson och ”Nationen” .................................................... 49 Ca 1650–1809 .......................................................................... 89 Bilden av ”judebolsjevismen”. ”Tattarfrågan” och den kommunala exkluderingen Antisemitiska tolkningar av kommunismen ............................ 50 ca 1870–1940 ............................................................................ 93 HISTORISK FORSKNING OM RASISM OCH FRÄMLINGSFIENTLIGHET I SVERIGE 3 Exkluderande våldsaktioner 1872–1955 .............................. 95 Kapitel 9. Flykting- Assimileringspolitiken och och migrationspolitiken 161 prästernas initiativ i ”tattarfrågan” 1886–1902 .................... 96 ”Ras”-idéer i emigrationsdebatten ........................................162 Socialpolitikerna tar över ”tattarfrågan” och ”zigenarfrågan” 1907–1934 ............................................. 98 Tillkomsten av 1914 års utvisningslag ..................................163 Lokala utredningar om ”tattarfrågan” 1935–1944 ............103 1914 års invandringsförbud för romer ..................................165 Socialstyrelsens ”tattar- och zigenarinventeringar” 1927 och 1937 års lagar ........................................................167 1942–1944 ................................................................................106 Antisemitiska kampanjer mot judisk ”Zigenarfrågan” och utbildningspolitiken flyktingmigration under 1930-talet ........................................168 ca 1930–1970 ..........................................................................109 Diskriminering av judar i flyktingpolitiken 1938–1944 ......171 ”Zigenarfrågan”, exkluderingen och bostadspolitiken Flyktingmottagande under andra världskriget ca 1950–1970 ..........................................................................110 och vid krigsslutet .....................................................................174 ”Zigenarundersökningen” 1962–1965 ................................112 Flyktingfientlighetens långa kontinuitet? ..............................177 Fortsatt myndighetsregistrering .............................................114 Avslutande diskussion ..............................................................179 Diskriminering inom steriliseringspolitiken ...........................115 Diskriminering inom barnavården ..........................................120 Kapitel 10. Rasbiologi, Mediala och populärkulturella representationer .................122 rasforskning och rashygien 183 Avslutande diskussion ..............................................................124 En terminologisk tredelning ....................................................183 Carl von Linné och frågan om Kapitel 6. Om finska och meänkieli, den mänskliga artens variation ...............................................187 antikatolicism och islamofobi 131 Sven Nilsson och Anders Retzius. Tidiga kranieundersökningar ...................................................190 Svensk politik mot talare av finska och meänkieli ...............132 Arkeologin, rasforskningen och Svensk antikatolicism. kritiken mot storutbredningsteorin .........................................193 Fientliga stereotyper på religiös grund .................................134 Den stora inventeringen. Svensk islamofobi .....................................................................135 Arbetet med Anthropologia Suecica 1897–1902 ............194 Avslutande diskussion ..............................................................138 Återupptäckten av de ”mendelska lagarna” .........................196 1910-talet. Genombrottsår? ..................................................197 Kapitel 7. Sverige Bärande idéer hos det rasbiologiska nätverket ..................200 och kolonialismen 139 Nätverkets lobbykampanj för ett rasbiologiskt institut .......201 Nya Sverige. Mötet med den Institutets första stora projekt: amerikanska urbefolkningen ...................................................140 inventeringen av Sveriges befolkning ...................................203 Slavhandel, slaveri och Sveriges Institutets andra stora projekt: koloniala projekt i Afrika och Karibien ...................................142 ”rasblandning” bland svenska samer ....................................205 Upptäcktsresande, resenärer Institutets tredje stora projekt: och missionärer i kolonialismens tidevarv ............................145 rasbiologiska fototekniker
Recommended publications
  • The Evolution of Swedish Fascism: Self-Identity and Ideology in Interwar Sweden
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Apollo The Evolution of Swedish Fascism: Self-identity and Ideology in Interwar Sweden The Version of Record of this manuscript has been published and is available Patterns of Prejudice, Nov. 2016, http://www.tandfonline.com/, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0031322X.2016.1237386 Abstract Historians and social scientists generally understand nationalism to be the defining feature of fascism. This study challenges that assumption with the examination of Swedish fascist movements through the concept of self-identity. Based on interwar fascist periodicals, the development of Swedish fascists‘ self-identity in relation to race, nation, and the signifiers of ‗fascism‘ and ‗National Socialism‘, is traced from the early 1920s when an overt attachment to Mussolini‘s model was displayed, through a National Socialist phase showing a cautious commitment to Nazi Germany, ending with a final phase of ‗anonymisation‘. In the face of criticism that their ideology was alien to Sweden, fascists adapted their self-representation to accommodate nationalist commitments, developing a transnational racialist ideology believed to be more in tune with Swedish political culture. When public opinion turned decisively against ‗international fascism‘ in the mid-1930s, they were forced to discard the name and image of ‗fascism‘ altogether, in a final phase of anonymisation, which however did not entail any significant ideological metamorphosis. Keywords Sweden, fascism, racialism, national socialism, Nazism, discourse, identity, ideology Below I will consider fascist self-identity in Sweden, what I argue is its awkward relationship to nationalism, and how that relationship drove ideological change.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal for the Study of Antisemitism
    Journal for the Study of Antisemitism Special Issue: "Contemporary Antisemitism and Racism in the Shadow of the Holocaust” Guest Editors: Karin Stoegner, Nicolas Bechter, Lesley Klaff , Philip Spencer 2015 As of April 1st 2021, this special issue is subject to a CC-BY-NC-ND license. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Other than as provided by these licenses, no part of this article may be reproduced, transmitted, or displayed by any electronic or mechanical means without permission from the publisher or as permitted by law. Open access publication of this issue is made possible by the Journal of Contemporary Antisemitism, published by Academic Studies Press. Welcome to the Guest Editors When I first spoke to Lesley Klaff about the possibility of JSA hosting ESA conference papers, I was not exactly certain what was involved. For several years, ESA’s roster of paper presentations was top notch and often included key conceptualizations not found elsewhere. I wanted to make certain that some of the field’s best thinkers were receiving their due. JSA was located in North America, ESA was located in Europe and the gap needed to be bridged. My appreciation to Karin Stoegner and her team for their perseverance in making such fine work available to others. The papers have in common a distinct European flavor—they are nuanced and contextual driven. Except for David Patterson, the authors are European offering their perspective from what has become ground zero in displays of the new antisemitism. Europe is also ground zero for the old antisemitism and the context of the Holocaust affords certain insights that North Americans have yet to fully understand.
    [Show full text]
  • Från Fascism Till Nationalsocialism, 1926–1933
    kapitel 5 Från fascism till nationalsocialism, 1926–1933 Sveriges fascistiska kamporganisation och Spöknippet Den tidning som Lindholm uppger att han började prenumerera på, Nationen, hade börjat ges ut 1925 och redigerades av en man vid namn Elof Eriksson. Eriksson hade sina ideologiska rötter i bonderörelsen, men kom under 20-talet att alltmer glida över från sin ursprungliga agrarianism till en mer och mer distinkt antisemitism som, tillsam- mans med motstånd mot frimureri och Brattsystemet, utgjorde Natio- nens ideologiska huvudkomponenter.308 Det nummer av tidningen som sattes i händerna på Lindholm vid det första mötet i slutet av maj 1926 innehåller exempelvis artiklar om ”Talmud-läran” och ”Kristendomens frigörelse från judendomen”, och i det efterföljande numret ges under rubriken ”Den judiska världsfinansens planer” explicita referenser till det antisemitiska falsariet Sion vises protokoll.309 Strax efter mötet med fascisternas propagandabil träffade Lindholm också själv Eriksson, och fick av honom rekommendationen att läsaDen internationelle juden av Henry Ford.310 Nationen blev dock aldrig Lindholms organ.311 Under sensommaren 1926 bildades den första egentliga fascistorganisationen i Sverige, Sveri- ges fascistiska kamporganisation (SFKO). Konrad Hallgren, före detta frivillig på tysk sida i första världskriget, blev ledare och Lindholm var en av de drivande.312 Enligt Lindholms utsago tyckte den inre kärnan i SFKO att Eriksson (som förvisso också deltog vid bildandet) stirrat sig blind på judefrågan och frimureriet, och schismerna mellan SFKO 149 sven olov lindholm (1903–1998) – inte minst ledaren Konrad Hallgren – och Eriksson blev med tiden omfattande.313 Istället för Erikssons Nationen grundades i oktober 1926 veckotidningen Spöknippet som SFKO:s kamporgan och med Konrad Hallgren som ansvarig utgivare.
    [Show full text]
  • KRIS I FOLKHEMMET Svensk Politisk Historia 1900 - 2010
    1 KRIS I FOLKHEMMET Svensk politisk historia 1900 - 2010 Karl N Alvar Nilsson 2 Innehållsförteckning FÖRORD sid 7 SITUATIONEN I SVERIGE VID 1900- TALETS BÖRJAN sid 9 Befolkningsutveckling och sociala förhållanden sid 9 Rasism och rasbiologi sid 10 Nationalism sid 12 Unionen med Norge sid 14 Influenser från Tyskland sid 14 Organisering av arbetsmarknaden sid 15 PARTIBILDNING sid 17 Sveriges socialdemokratiska parti (SAP) sid 17 Vänsterpartiet (V) sid 18 Folkpartiet liberalerna (FP) sid 19 Moderata samlingspartiet (M) sid 20 Centerpartiet (C) sid 20 HUNGERKRAVALLER OCH PARLAMENTARISMENS GENOMBROTT sid 23 Rösträttsfrågan före första världskriget sid 23 Folkförsörjningen under första världskriget sid 24 ”Revolutionen i Västervik” sid 25 ”Upproret på Seskarö” sid 26 Oroligheter i Stockholm och parlamentarismens genombrott sid 28 DEMOKRATINS GENOMBROTT sid 30 Sverige och finska inbördeskriget sid 30 Rösträttsfrågans slutliga lösning sid 31 SPÄNNINGEN MELLAN MARKNAD OCH POLITIK sid 34 MINORITETSPARLAMENTARISM 1920 – 1932 sid 36 Socialdemokraterna avför socialiseringsfrågan från dagordningen sid 36 Arbetslöshetspolitiken på 1920-talet sid 36 1925 års försvarsbeslut sid 37 Kosackvalet 1928 och Munckska kåren sid 38 Ådalskravallerna och Kreugerkraschen sid 40 UTVECKLINGEN I ITALIEN, TYSKLAND OCH SPANIEN sid 41 Utvecklingen i Italien sid 41 Utvecklingen i Tyskland sid 43 Utvecklingen i Spanien sid 49 3 NAZISTISKA ORGANISATIONER I SVERIGE FÖRE OCH UNDER ANDRA VÄRLDSKRIGET sid 52 Nazistiska partier sid 52 Samfundet Manhem sid 57 Riksföreningen Sverige-Tyskland
    [Show full text]
  • Modernitet, Kroppskultur Och Ras I Gymniska Förbundets Tidskrift Gymn, 1928-1932
    Svett och blod Modernitet, kroppskultur och ras i Gymniska Förbundets tidskrift Gymn, 1928-1932 Sebastian Hoas C-uppsats, vårterminen, 2015 Institutionen för idé- och lärdomshistoria Uppsala universitetet Handledare: Sven Widmalm Abstract This study aims to investigate and describe the direction of the ideological development of the Swedish gymnastics association Gymniska Förbundet. Between 1928 and 1932, this organization transformed from a purely gymnastic and cultural association into an influential platform for the production of Swedish nationalist ideology. Based on theories of National Socialism’s formation within modern society, the analysis focus on the conditions regulating Gymniska Förbundets relation to modernity. Thus the study examines the association’s ideas in relationship to the concept of modernity. The analysis shows that the ideological fusion between ideas regarding gymnastics and culture on one hand, and of Swedish racial biology on the other, provided the conditions needed for an alternative vision of modernity, similar to that which international research has characterized as the blut und boden-ideology. By presenting how and in what ways the Swedish blut und boden-ideology emerged and took shape, the study contributes to the research on the party-politically independent National Socialist ideology in Sweden. Furthermore, the analysis reveals networking strategies and idea transfer within the ideological movement based on wider applications of ideas concerning racial biology. Keywords: modernity, Ling-gymnastics,
    [Show full text]
  • Absence of Jews – Absenceofantisemitism?
    Antisemitism in the North Religious Minorities in the North: History, Politics, and Culture Edited by Jonathan Adams Cordelia Heß Christhard Hoffmann Volume 1 Antisemitism in the North History and State of Research Edited by Jonathan Adams and Cordelia Heß The publication of this book has been generously supported by Vetenskapsrådet – The Swedish Research Council and the University of Greifswald ISBN 978-3-11-063193-7 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-063482-2 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-063228-6 ISSN 2627-440X This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Library of Congress Control Number: 2019948511 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2020 Jonathan Adams, Cordelia Heß, published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston This book is published in open access at www.degruyter.com Cover image: Abraham Tokazier wearing the jersey of Jewish sports club Makkabi wins but is ranked fourth. Photo by Finnish photographer Akseli Neittamo of the 100-metre sprint at the Helsinki Olympic Stadium on 21 June 1938. The photo appeared in Helsin- gin Sanomat on 22 June 1938. Public domain. Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck www.degruyter.com Acknowledgements This volume of articles started life as athree-day workshop on the theme “The StudyofAntisemitisminScandinavia – WhereAre We Heading?” held on 5–7February 2018 at theUniversity of Greifswald.The editors would like to thank all those whoparticipated in the meetingaswell as those who assisted in its organization.
    [Show full text]
  • From Local Champions to Global Players Essays on the History of the Dairy Sector
    From local champions to global players Essays on the history of the dairy sector Edited by Paulina Rytkönen, Luis Arturo Garcia Hernandez and Ulf Jonsson Stockholms Studies in Economic History 61 ii © The Authors and Acta Universitatis Stockholmiensis 2013 The publication is available for free on www.sub.su.se Cover: Martin Ragnar Cove photo back: Martin Ragnar (Cheese makers in Flen) Cover photo front. Seppo Rytkönen (Cheese maker in Mexico) ISBN Electronic form: 978-91-87235 -31-3 ISBN Printed form: 978-91-87235 -32-0 ISSN 0346-8305. iii iv Contents Foreword ......................................................................................................... 9 Part I. From Local champions to global players – An overview of the historical development of the dairy sector 1. From Local Champions to Global Players - the structural transformation of the dairy sector in a globalization perspective .......................................... 19 Paulina Rytkönen Part II. National Experiences in the History of the Dairy Sector 2. From small scale artisan and farm house production to a global player: The French dairy sector in the post-war period ............................................ 45 Ulf Jonsson ................................................................................................... 45 3. Policy, technology and development in the Mexican dairy sector ............ 57 Luis Arturo Garcia Hernandez 4. A Community Resting on Butter: Agricultural Cooperatives in Estonia in the Beginning of the 20th Century ................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 'Sweden's Relations with Nazism, Nazi Germany and the Holocaust'
    ‘SWEDEN’S RELATIONS WITH NAZISM, NAZI GERMANY AND THE HOLOCAUST’: A RESEARCH PROGRAMME The Swedish Research Council’s final report on research in the Programme, according to the Government assignment defined in the official appropriation document for 2006. ‘SWEDEN’S RELATIONS WITH NAZISM, NAZI GERMANY AND THE HOLOCAUST’: A RESEARCH PROGRAMME The Swedish Research Council’s final report on research in the Programme, according to the Government assignment defined in the official appropriation document for 2006. Foreword In the year 2000, the Swedish Research Council embarked on its Government assignment of developing a research programme concerning ‘Sweden’s Relations with Nazism, Nazi Germany and the Holocaust’. The Programme was intended to satisfy both the Government’s interest in knowledge and the research community’s requirements of academic relevance and wish for a broader basis for research on this theme. Research in this Programme is still under way but, at the Government’s request, we now present activities in and findings from the various projects included in the Programme. In a report of this kind, there may also be reason to consider other research in progress that is linked to this Programme in various ways but is still unfinished. The task of compiling and describing this material was carried out by Associate Processor Jan Larsson at the Swedish Research Council. In the Council’s view, implementation of this research programme has been unexpectedly successful. It has induced researchers from a variety of fields to jointly tackle common issues and problems that are not only highly relevant in historical terms. Their findings also strikingly increase the depth and breadth of current knowledge of Sweden’s relations with and view of Nazism and its victims.
    [Show full text]
  • Nazionalista, Dell’Euroscetticismo E Del Politici Ma Più Il Moderati
    11581.1_1581.17 14/09/20 16:17 Pagina 1 Da alcuni anni assistiamo a una rinascita dei nazionalismi in Europa. Il 11581.1 nazionalismo, che sembrava entrato in una fase di declino in seguito alla fine della Seconda guerra mondiale e allo sviluppo dei processi di integra- L’Europa dei nazionalisti zione europea degli anni Cinquanta, è ritornato con grande forza sulla Prospettive storiche scena europea: movimenti di destra radicalmente identitaria, populista e LOMELLINI V. FOCARDI, F. BERTI, F. spesso xenofoba hanno incrementato la propria presenza nel Parlamento europeo. I temi del sovranismo nazionalista, dell’euroscetticismo e del populismo attraversano, con diversa intensità, anche movimenti culturali e politici più moderati. Ma il rapporto tra il nazionalismo e l’idea di Europa è storicamente assai più complesso di quanto possa apparire. Prendendo in considerazione alcuni casi paradigmatici, questo volume si propone di a cura di tracciarne la genesi e lo sviluppo: dal nazionalismo del primo Ottocento a Francesco Berti, Filippo Focardi, quello della prima metà del Novecento, in un confronto serrato e origina- le tra Europa occidentale e centro-orientale, che attraversa la storia con- Valentine Lomellini temporanea, il pensiero politico e le relazioni internazionali. Scritti di: A. Basciani, F. Berti, A. Botti, M. Cuzzi, J. Diec, F. Ferrarini, M. Fioravanzo, F. Focardi, V. Lomellini, M. Meriggi, X.M. Núnez Seixas, L. Pellicani, A. Roccucci, J. Sondel-Cedarmas, M. Tesini, A. Varsori. (A CURA DI) CURA (A Francesco Berti insegna Storia delle dottrine politiche presso l’Università di Padova. I suoi ambiti di ricerca vertono sul pensiero filosofico-politico dell’illuminismo, dei gesuiti spagnoli del XVIII secolo e dei totalitarismi novecenteschi.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution of Swedish Fascism: Self-Identity and Ideology in Interwar Sweden
    The Evolution of Swedish Fascism: Self-identity and Ideology in Interwar Sweden The Version of Record of this manuscript has been published and is available Patterns of Prejudice, Nov. 2016, http://www.tandfonline.com/, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0031322X.2016.1237386 Abstract Historians and social scientists generally understand nationalism to be the defining feature of fascism. This study challenges that assumption with the examination of Swedish fascist movements through the concept of self-identity. Based on interwar fascist periodicals, the development of Swedish fascists‘ self-identity in relation to race, nation, and the signifiers of ‗fascism‘ and ‗National Socialism‘, is traced from the early 1920s when an overt attachment to Mussolini‘s model was displayed, through a National Socialist phase showing a cautious commitment to Nazi Germany, ending with a final phase of ‗anonymisation‘. In the face of criticism that their ideology was alien to Sweden, fascists adapted their self-representation to accommodate nationalist commitments, developing a transnational racialist ideology believed to be more in tune with Swedish political culture. When public opinion turned decisively against ‗international fascism‘ in the mid-1930s, they were forced to discard the name and image of ‗fascism‘ altogether, in a final phase of anonymisation, which however did not entail any significant ideological metamorphosis. Keywords Sweden, fascism, racialism, national socialism, Nazism, discourse, identity, ideology Below I will consider fascist self-identity in Sweden, what I argue is its awkward relationship to nationalism, and how that relationship drove ideological change. Fascism is commonly understood by most scholars to be an essentially nationalist phenomenon, but upon examining fascist movements in interwar Sweden, it becomes apparent that the matter is more complex and sometimes requires a more nuanced approach to the nationalist aspect of their ideology.
    [Show full text]
  • Judarnas Wagner" Moses Pergament Och Den Kulturella Identifikationens Dilemma Omkring 1920-1950 Rosengren, Henrik
    "Judarnas Wagner" Moses Pergament och den kulturella identifikationens dilemma omkring 1920-1950 Rosengren, Henrik 2007 Document Version: Förlagets slutgiltiga version Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Rosengren, H. (2007). "Judarnas Wagner": Moses Pergament och den kulturella identifikationens dilemma omkring 1920-1950. Sekel Bokförlag. Total number of authors: 1 General rights Unless other specific re-use rights are stated the following general rights apply: Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Read more about Creative commons licenses: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. LUND UNIVERSITY PO Box 117 221 00 Lund +46 46-222 00 00 Download date: 10. Oct. 2021 Judarnas Wagner Moses Pergament och den kulturella identifikationens dilemma omkring 920-950 Judarnas Wagner Moses Pergament och den kulturella identifikationens dilemma omkring 1920-1950 HENRIK ROSENGREN SEKEL Denna bok publiceras med stöd av Nationella forskarskolan i historia, Kungl. Musikaliska Akademien, Harald och Louise Ekmans Forskningsstiftelse, Craafordska stiftelsen, Letterstedtska föreningen och Stiftelsen Elisabeth Rausings minnesfond.
    [Show full text]
  • 'Sweden's Relations with Nazism, Nazi Germany And
    ‘SWEDEN’S RELATIONS WITH NAZISM, NAZI GERMANY AND THE HOLOCAUST’: A RESEARCH PROGRAMME The Swedish Research Council’s final report on research in the Programme, according to the Government assignment defined in the official appropriation document for 2006. ‘SWEDEN’S RELATIONS WITH NAZISM, NAZI GERMANY AND THE HOLOCAUST’: A RESEARCH PROGRAMME The Swedish Research Council’s final report on research in the Programme, according to the Government assignment defined in the official appropriation document for 2006. Foreword In the year 2000, the Swedish Research Council embarked on its Government assignment of developing a research programme concerning ‘Sweden’s Relations with Nazism, Nazi Germany and the Holocaust’. The Programme was intended to satisfy both the Government’s interest in knowledge and the research community’s requirements of academic relevance and wish for a broader basis for research on this theme. Research in this Programme is still under way but, at the Government’s request, we now present activities in and findings from the various projects included in the Programme. In a report of this kind, there may also be reason to consider other research in progress that is linked to this Programme in various ways but is still unfinished. The task of compiling and describing this material was carried out by Associate Processor Jan Larsson at the Swedish Research Council. In the Council’s view, implementation of this research programme has been unexpectedly successful. It has induced researchers from a variety of fields to jointly tackle common issues and problems that are not only highly relevant in historical terms. Their findings also strikingly increase the depth and breadth of current knowledge of Sweden’s relations with and view of Nazism and its victims.
    [Show full text]