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IX. Anecdotes and Character of Archbishop Cranmer, by Ralph

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IX. Anecdotes and Character of Archbishop Cranmer, by Ralph IX. ANECDOTES AND CHARACTER OF ARCHBISHOP CRANMER, BY RALPH MORICE, HIS SECRETARY. This article has been added to the present collection on the suggestion of the Rev. J. E. B. Mayor, M.A., Fellow and Tutor of St. John's College, Cambridge, editor of the very interesting series of memoirs published under the title of " Cambridge in the Seventeenth Century:" who has also been at the trouble of transcribing it from the library of Bene't College. It is there pre- served among the manuscripts of archbishop Parker : at whose request it was evidently written, as towards the conclusion he is twice addressed under the appellation of " your grace." The propriety of attaching this document to the previous contents of the present volume will be acknowledged on finding that it formed part of the materials used by the historian Foxe; to whom Parker must have communi- cated it, previously to the publication of the second English edition of the Actes and Monuments in 1576, and of course subsequently to the first in 1563, to which the writer makes reference. It will be found, on comparison with the present text of the Actes and Monuments, that Foxe, whilst interweaving this information with his former narrative of Cranmer (which had been formed from the MS. printed as the pre- ceding article of this volume), remodelled and re-arranged the whole of Morice's anecdotes, greatly amplifying them in most parts, but retrenching them in others: generally changing Morice's language, but still retaining some of his most singular phrases and expressions. He gives Morice's name in one of his side-notes (where the archbishop's attendance outside the council door is men- tioned :) "This secretary was mr. Ralph Morice, witnesse and drawer of this story." I shall show in the notes some remarkable examples of the recastings made by Foxe, but they can be fully appreciated only by comparing the present pages with those of the Actes and Monuments. Strype had the use of what he terms the " MS. Life of Cranmer in Bene't College;" but he did not discover that it had been previously worked up by Foxe. In chapters xxx. and xxxi. of his Memorials of Cranmer, Strype has inserted a great part of Morice's MS. verbatim. The introductory portions, MOEICE'S ANECDOTES OF ARCHBISHOP CEANMER. 235 which he omitted, were published by Mr. Mayor in the British Magazine in 1849 (vol. xxxvi. p. 165). Ralph Morice, the writer of this paper, was the younger brother of William Morice esquire, of Chipping Ongar, in Essex," who has been noticed at p. 45 of the present volume. Having graduated at Cambridge B.A. 1523 and M.A. 1526, he spent the best portion of his days as a faithful servant of archbishop Cranmer, of whose history, qualities, and actions he gives a cursory but effect- ive sketch. So much has been written upon the biography and charac- ter of Cranmer that it appears unnecessary to burthen the following pages with much illustration or remark. The reader may drink elsewhere of more mixed streams: he must here imagine himself to be placed at the fountain-head. Two undated supplications, or petitions, addressed by Ralph Morice to queen Elizabeth are still extant, and have been noticed by Strype.b In one of these* he thus describes his parentage:— " Ralph Morice sonne unto James Morice late of Roydon in the countie of Essex esquier, some tyme servante unto that virtious and noble princesse of renowned memorie L. Margaret Countesse of Richmond and Derbie, your highnes' greate-graundemother, and to her grase also clercke of her kechin and mr. of her werkes, namelie of those ij colleges in Cambridge, Christes colledge and St. John's." In the other petition Ralph Morice sets forth the extent of his services to Cranmer. They had been continued " for the space of 20 yeres and above, being reteyned in service with the said most reverend father in the rowme of a secretary," wherein he had " bestowed and spent both his time, youthe, and prosperitye of his life, not so much in writing of the private busynes of the said moost reverend father, as in travailing with his pen aboughte the serious affaires of the prince and the realme, commyted unto him by those most noble and worthie princes K. Henry the eighth and K. Edward the sixth, your majesties deare father and brother, concernyng aswel the writyng of those great and weightie matrimonyal causes of your highnes' said dere father, (the good effectes, suc- cesse, and benefits wherof to Godd's glory this hole realme with the subjectes therof in your highnes' most noble and royal personage do now most happilie enjoye,) as also aboute th'exstirpation of the bishop of Rome his usurped power 0 The family of Morice of Chipping Ongar afterwards assumed the name of Poyntz, sir John Morioe having married the daughter and heir of sir Gabriel Poyntz, and grand- daughter of Thomas Poyntz esquire, the chief patron of William Tyndale. See Anderson's Annals of the English Bible, i. 525. b See also the memoir of Morice in Athense Cantabrigienses, vol. i. p. 293. c MS. Lansdowne 108, art. 8. 236 NARRATIVES OF THE REFORMATION. and authoritie, the reformation of corrupte religion and ecclesiastical lawes, th'alteration of divine service, and of divers and sundry conferences of lernid men for th'establishing and advancement of sincere religion, with such like: wherin your highnes' said orator most painfullie was occupied in writing of no small volumes, from tyme to tyme; as in that behalf divers lernid men now living can testifie, namely dr. Hethe," dr. Thirleby,b the bishops of Elie,c Chichester <• and Heriford."« (The rest of this petition will be found in Strype's Memorials of Cranmer, Appendix, No. cm.) Ralph Morice was register to the commissioners appointed in 1547 to visit the dioceses of Rochester, Canterbury, Chichester, and Winchester: who were sir John Hales, sir John Mason, sir Anthony Cope, dr. Cave (a lawyer), and mr. Briggs, preacher (of Pembroke college, Cambridge.) Strype's Memorials of Cranmer, p. 147. Ralph Morice had his share of persecution and suffering in the reign of Mary. In the course of two years his house was thrice searched, by which he lost many valuable papers, and especially certain epistles of Edward VI. to archbishop Cranmer, and the archbishop's answers. When this occurred Morice had fled from his house; and was committed to custody, but escaped by breaking prison. His latter years were passed at Bekesbourn in Kent. He appears to have been living in 1570, but the date of his death has not been ascertained. Morice made other communications to Foxe; one of which, relating to master Richard Turner preacher, follows the story of Cranmer in the Actes and Monuments. Another, (which appears to have been the earliest, and is ad- dressed to Foxe's printer John Day,) is an account of Cranmer's patronage of doctor Thirlby afterwards bishop of Ely. This has been already laid before the Camden Society by Sir Henry Ellis in the "Letters of Eminent Literary Men," at p. 25. At its conclusion Morice tells Day that he " could say moche more concernyng the notable doinges of this worthie archebisshop which were worthie to be committed to perpetuall fame. And also sumwhat towching the progeny and advancement of the lorde Crumwell, which ys not attall towched in his storye." It was probably after writing this (which is dated " from Bekis- borne, the x"1 of January, 1565,") that the old man was induced by archbishop Parker to indite the following anecdotes of Cranmer. There can be no doubt that he also materially contributed to the portion of Foxe's work entitled " The life, actes, and death of the famous and worthy counsailour lord Thomas Cromwell earl of Essex," which is greatly enlarged a The deprived archbishop of York. b The deprived bishop of Ely. c Richard Cox. d William Barlow. e John Scory. MORICE'S ANECDOTES OP ARCHBISHOP CRANMER. 237 in the second edition from what it was in the first. The story " How the lord Cromwell helped Cranmer's secretary," when the archbishop's manuscript argu- ments on the Six Articles fell into the river, and were detained by the lady Elizabeth's bearward who happened to pick them out, is evidently from the secretary's own pen; and so probably are several of the subsequent anecdotes. That relative to " The talke betwene the lorde Cromwel and certeine of the lordes at Lambeth," is acknowledged to be ex testimordo Secretary Cantuar. (Second edition 1576, fol. 1160. The date 1540 there given to the anecdote was subsequently corrected to 1539.) Again, the story of bishop Gardyner's exclusion from King Henry's will, as Moricehad heard it told by sir Anthony Denny to Cranmer, is related byFoxe on the report of" the said archbishop's secretary, who is yet alive." (Edit. 1576.) Ralph Morice likewise wrote an account of Hugh Latimer's first conversion at Cambridge, which is preserved among Foxe's papers, MS. Harl. 422, art. 12, and printed by Strype, in Eccles. Memorials, iii. 233, and in Latimer's Works, edit. Corrie, (Parker Soc.,) vol. ii. pp. xxvii—xxxi. On the same sheets are some anecdotes of mr. Thomas Lawney and bishop Stokesley, which will be found hereafter in the present volume. Also a paper " concernyng mr. Latymer's communicacion with mr. Bayneham in the dungeon of Newgate," preserved in the same volume, MS. Harl. 422, art. 26. This has been printed in the Appendix to the fourth volume of the new edition of Foxe, (by Townsend and Cattley, 1846,) p.
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