Recreation Program and Event Planning for Diverse Populations
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Recreation Program and Event Planning for Diverse Populations Sid Stevenson 2008 Chapter 1 Recreation and Leisure Review TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER ONE RECREATION AND LEISURE REVIEW . 1 Why Recreation Programming? .................................................. 2 Recreation Review ............................................................ 2 Perceived Benefits ..................................................... 3 Leisure Logistics ....................................................... 9 CHAPTER TWO THE MARKETING CONCEPT.................................... 15 The Aim of Marketing in Leisure Service Supply . 15 Defining Recreation Programming in Marketing terms . 18 Who are Recreation Programmers? ........................................ 18 CHAPTER THREE UNDERSTANDING THE RECREATION CONSUMER . 23 A Strategic Plan ............................................................. 24 Contents of a Strategic Plan .................................................... 25 ................................................................... 29 Grouping Consumers ................................................... 29 Market Research ............................................................. 31 RECREATION NEEDS AND FACILITY ASSESSMENT .................................................................... 46 Stage in the Family Lifecycle. ............................................ 58 CHAPTER FOUR COMMUNITY AND AGENCY PROFILES STRATEGIC PLANNING . 59 II. Community Profile:........................................................ 59 Demographics ........................................................ 60 Leisure Resources available in a Community . 62 Agency Profile .............................................................. 64 Comparison to Standards................................................ 72 CHAPTER FIVE PREPARING A PLAN OF ACTION . 79 Objectives: ................................................................. 84 Program Development ........................................................ 86 HIERARCHY ........................................................ 86 FORMATS ................................................................. 88 Logistics ................................................................... 91 LOGISTICAL ELEMENTS ............................................. 93 Program Development Sequence.......................................... 94 i Recreation and Leisure Review Chapter 1 CHAPTER SIX PRICING...................................................... 97 Role in Marketing ..................................................... 98 Who Should Pay?.............................................. 100 Setting a Price ....................................................... 101 pricing methods ...................................................... 106 Direct operating costs ................................................. 108 Overhead ........................................................... 108 Scholarships......................................................... 110 Specific pricing examples .............................................. 111 Pricing Worksheet .................................................... 112 CHAPTER SEVEN PROMOTION................................................. 115 Marketing Mix ............................................................. 115 Promotion ................................................................. 116 Advertising.......................................................... 116 Publicity............................................................ 118 Sales Promotion ...................................................... 123 Personal Selling ...................................................... 123 REGISTRATION ........................................................... 125 Logos..................................................................... 131 Brochure Design ............................................................ 133 Writing Activity Descriptions.................................................. 136 CHAPTER EIGHT AQUATICS .................................................. 139 Pool Programming .......................................................... 139 The Family Aquatic Center.................................................... 141 Aquatic Programming........................................................ 143 Aquatic Activity Areas and Formats ............................................ 146 CHAPTER NINE SPORTS ..................................................... 153 Classifying Sports and Active Games Activities . 155 Tools for the Competitive Format .............................................. 158 Leagues ............................................................ 158 Tournament Objectives ................................................ 159 Equalizing Competition ................................................ 174 Sport Rule Considerations .............................................. 175 Awards............................................................. 179 CHAPTER TEN OUTDOOR PROGRAMS ....................................... 183 Values and Benefits of Outdoor Recreation Experiences . 185 Leadership................................................................. 189 The Club or Special Interest Group Format ....................................... 191 Residence Camps ........................................................... 193 ii Chapter 1 Recreation and Leisure Review CHAPTER ELEVEN RECREATION CENTERS AND PLAYGROUNDS . 201 Scheduling .......................................................... 204 Staffing ................................................................... 207 Pricing.................................................................... 207 Reservation Form & Contract Agreement .................................. 209 Playgrounds................................................................ 210 CHAPTER TWELVE SPECIAL EVENTS ............................................ 213 Established Corporate Events .................................................. 215 Cautions .................................................................. 216 Mis-perceptions of Economic Impacts (result: Copy-catting) . 217 The rise and fall of the Flint Hills Festival . 219 Special Athletic Events (e.g. State Games) ....................................... 222 CHAPTER THIRTEEN SPECIAL GROUPS...................................... 229 At Risk Programs ........................................................... 230 TEEN NIGHT.............................................................. 234 Senior Citizens (Mature Adults)................................................ 236 Persons with Disabilities...................................................... 240 Inclusive Programming ................................................ 242 Celebrating the Multi-Cultural Mosaic........................................... 244 THE ARTS....................................................................... 247 Creative vs. Performing Arts .................................................. 246 Creative Arts .............................................................. 246 Performing Arts ............................................................ 251 Entertainment Contract Negotiations ..................................... 258 CHAPTER FIFTEEN TRIPS AND TOURS ........................................... 263 Planning Considerations ............................................... 265 Ski Trip ............................................................ 267 CHAPTER SIXTEEN EVALUATION................................................ 279 Research Methods Approach .................................................. 281 Cost Benefit Analysis ........................................................ 284 References Cited .................................................................. 287 iii Recreation and Leisure Review Chapter 1 iv Chapter 1 Recreation and Leisure Review CHAPTER ONE RECREATION AND LEISURE REVIEW Learning Objectives: Upon completing this Chapter the reader should: Understand the elements of a leisure experience. Comprehend the perceived benefits of recreation experiences. Believe in the value to Society of the provision of quality leisure services. Begin to understand that recreation is a very personal experience. Be able to verbalize a number of the logistical concerns related to the delivery of a recreation experience. Recreation Program Planning (Programming) is the capstone in the provision of leisure services. It is the process which culminates in many of the rewarding experiences we call Recreation. While programming is not necessary and even appropriate (at least by a third party) for a great many, particularly naturally occurring, individual, outdoor experiences such as birdwatching or walks in the park; it has become an essential tool for those recreation experiences requiring organization and pre- planning. The skills of one trained in market research, format selection, budgeting, logistics and operations, and delivery clearly distinguish them as a professional. It is the intent of this book to address these competencies and more with the desired outcome being the provision of high quality leisure services. This book focuses on the steps and techniques to aid program planners in the delivery of the highest quality of services available, given budget and other restraints. It matters little whether the supplying agency is public or private, large or small, the basic techniques and processes are usable and adaptable. The trained program professional