DOCSLIB.ORG

For the Orbital Test Bed (Otb) Satellite

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
For the Orbital Test Bed (Otb) Satellite ORBITAL DEBRIS ASSESSMENT REPORT (ODAR) FOR THE ORBITAL TEST BED (OTB) SATELLITE This document supports the General Atomics Electromagnetic Systems (GA-EMS) Orbital Test Bed Satellite FCC license and has been prepared in accordance with: NASA Technical Standard NASA-STD-8719.14A (inc. change 1, 25-5- 2012) Process for Limiting Orbital Debris DAS Software version used in analysis V 2.1.1 Date: December 2017 Document No.: OTB-DOC-000638-05 General Atomics Electromagnetic Systems 345 Inverness Drive South, Suite 100 Englewood, CO 80112 Tel: 303.790.0653 | Fax: 303.792.2386 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT: Confidential and proprietary information of GA-EMS. All rights reserved. OTB-DOC-000638-05 ODAR FOR THE ORBITAL TEST BED (OTB) SATELLITE December 2017 APPROVALS Prepared by: Clare Martin, Director Orbital Solutions Signed: Reviewed by: Matt Yavorsky, Systems Engineer Signed: Approved by: Will Thompson, Project Manager Signed: Matthew Yavorsky DOCUMENT REVISION STATUS Revision Nature of Changes Edited by Date Number 01 Initial issue for comment. M Brown Aug ‘13 02 Addition of Section 7A hazardous materials data. M Brown Aug ‘13 Updated spacecraft design information. 03 Updated contacts in 1.1.2, updates to sections 1.1.4, 1.1.7, 2.1.9, 6.1.4, and 6.1.6, figures 2-1 T Murphy Apr ‘15 and 2-2 updated, as well as minor grammatical corrections throughout. 04 Updated for inclusion of the drag augmentation device, complete reformatting of the document T Murphy Sept ‘17 and content. 05 Updated for heritage of the drag augmentation device. Updated following acquisition of SST-US by C Martin Dec ‘17 GA-EMS, including the OTB satellite and all associated IP. i All information contained in this document is proprietary and confidential to GA-EMS and shall not, in whole or in part, be reproduced or disclosed, or used for any purpose other than for which it is provided, without GA-EMS prior written consent. All rights reserved. OTB-DOC-000638-05 ODAR FOR THE ORBITAL TEST BED (OTB) SATELLITE December 2017 Table of Contents 1 Applicable Documents .............................................................................................. 1 2 Acronyms and Abbreviations ....................................................................................... 1 3 PREAMBLE ............................................................................................................. 2 4 ODAR SELF ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................ 3 5 PROGRAM MANAGEMENT AND MISSION OVERVIEW ............................................................. 4 6 SPACECRAFT DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................... 6 7 ASSESSMENT OF SPACECRAFT DEBRIS RELEASED DURING NORMAL OPERATIONS ........................ 10 8 ASSESSMENT OF SPACECRAFT INTENTIONAL BREAKUPS AND POTENTIAL FOR EXPLOSIONS ........... 11 9 ASSESSMENT OF SPACECRAFT POTENTIAL FOR ON-ORBIT COLLISIONS .................................... 14 10 ASSESSMENT OF SPACECRAFT POSTMISSION DISPOSAL PLANS AND PROCEDURES ....................... 16 11 ASSESSMENT OF SPACECRAFT REENTRY HAZARDS ............................................................ 22 12 ASSESSMENT OF SPACECRAFT HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ...................................................... 26 List of Figures Figure 6-1: OTB Block Diagram .......................................................................................... 6 Figure 6-2: OTB Physical Configuration (units in mm) .............................................................. 7 Figure 6-3: Outline of OTB Satellite Configuration (solar panels removed) .................................... 8 Figure 9-1: OTB DAS output for Collisions with Large Objects .................................................. 14 Figure 10-1: Stowed Drag Augmentation Device ................................................................... 16 Figure 10-2: Stowed Drag Augmentation Device (detailed view) ............................................... 17 Figure 10-3: Drag Augmentation Device Activation Diagram .................................................... 17 Figure 10-4: Deployed State of Drag Augmentation Device ...................................................... 18 Figure 10-5: Drag Augmentation Redundancy Diagram ........................................................... 19 Figure 10-6: Orbital Apogee/Perigee Altitude ..................................................................... 20 Figure 11-1: CAD Representation of the Satellite (with callouts of objects used in DAS simulation) .... 23 Figure 11-2: Cutaway View of OTB (with callouts of objects used in DAS simulation) ...................... 24 Figure 11-3: DAS Output for Requirement 4.7-1 ................................................................... 25 List of Tables Table 9-1: Critical Units/Surfaces .................................................................................... 15 Table 10-1: Drag Augmentation Device Technology TRL ......................................................... 18 Table 11-1: Modelled Components of the Spacecraft ............................................................. 22 Table 12-1: Hazardous materials data ............................................................................... 26 ii All information contained in this document is proprietary and confidential to GA-EMS and shall not, in whole or in part, be reproduced or disclosed, or used for any purpose other than for which it is provided, without GA-EMS prior written consent. All rights reserved. OTB-DOC-000638-05 ODAR FOR THE ORBITAL TEST BED (OTB) SATELLITE December 2017 1 Applicable Documents AD# Title Doc. No. Issue AD-1 NASA Technical Standard NASA-STD-8719.14A (inc. NASA-STD- May 25th, Change 1, 25-5-2012) Process for Limiting Orbital Debris 8719.14A 2012 AD-2 NASA Debris Assessment Software (DAS) v. 2.1.1 AD-3 GUIDANCE ON OBTAINING LICENSES FOR SMALL 13-445 March 15th, SATELLITES 2013 AD-4 Background Information on the Orbital Test Bed OTB-DOC- August 2013 Satellite for the FCC 000639-02 2 Acronyms and Abbreviations AFRL Air Force Research Laboratory CAD Computer Aided Design DAS Debris Assessment Software DSAC Deep Space Atomic Clock EELV Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle EOM End of Mission ESPA EELV Secondary Payload Adapter FCC Federal Communications Commission GA-EMS General Atomics Electromagnetic Systems HDRM Hold Down Release Mechanism HDRS Hold Down and Release System JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory LANL Los Alamos National Laboratory LEO Low Earth Orbit MSA Modular Solar Array N/A Not Applicable NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration ODAR Orbital Debris Assessment Report OTB Orbital Test Bed PDM Power Distribution Module RF Radio Frequency SERB Space Experiments Review Board USAF United States Air Force 1 All information contained in this document is proprietary and confidential to GA-EMS and shall not, in whole or in part, be reproduced or disclosed, or used for any purpose other than for which it is provided, without GA-EMS prior written consent. All rights reserved. OTB-DOC-000638-05 ODAR FOR THE ORBITAL TEST BED (OTB) SATELLITE December 2017 3 PREAMBLE The Orbital Debris Assessment Report (ODAR) has been prepared by GA-EMS for the Orbital Test Bed (OTB) satellite. It considers in turn each of the requirements for limiting the generation of orbital debris, as specified in the NASA Technical Standard. As such, this document has been prepared in accordance with reference [1] using the following software tool: DAS software version 2.1.1 [2]. This document supports GA-EMS’ application for an experimental license [3]. Further information on OTB’s RF system is provided in reference [4]. 2 All information contained in this document is proprietary and confidential to GA-EMS and shall not, in whole or in part, be reproduced or disclosed, or used for any purpose other than for which it is provided, without GA-EMS prior written consent. All rights reserved. OTB-DOC-000638-05 ODAR FOR THE ORBITAL TEST BED (OTB) SATELLITE December 2017 4 ODAR SELF ASSESSMENT Orbital Debris Assessment Report Evaluation: Orbital Test Bed (OTB) Mission. This provides a summary overview of the compliance against requirements. The details for each requirement are contained within the body of this report. Note: GA-EMS is not responsible for the launch vehicle ODAR. Reqm’t Launch Vehicle Spacecraft Comments # Complaint Not Incomplete Standard Compliant Not Incomplete Note: GA-EMS is not responsible for Compliant Non- or N/A Compliant Compliant the launch vehicle ODAR 4.3-1.a x Compliant – no debris released 4.3-1b x Compliant – no debris released 4.3-2 x Compliant – no debris released 4.4-1 x Compliant – no credible risk of explosion 4.4-2 x Compliant – end of mission passivation 4.4-3 x N/A – no planned explosions or intentional collisions 4.4-4 x N/A – no planned explosions or intentional collisions 4.5-1 x Compliant – probability of collision 0.00031 4.5-2 x Compliant – probability of collision 0.000506 4.6-1(a) x Compliant – deorbit 23.76 years from EOM or 25.76 years from launch 4.6-1(b) x N/A – atmospheric re-entry disposal 4.6-1(c) x N/A – atmospheric re-entry disposal 4.6-2 x N/A – OTB will be in LEO 4.6-3 x N/A – OTB will be in LEO 4.6-4 x Compliant – significant spacecraft heritage and EOM HDRM heritage 4.7-1 x Compliant – no objects expected to survive re-entry, 1:100000000 4.8-1 x N/A – no tether on OTB 3 All information contained in this document is proprietary and confidential to GA-EMS and shall not, in whole or in
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 2. Going to Mars
    aMARTE A MARS ROADMAP FOR TRAVEL AND EXPLORATION Final Report International Space University Space Studies Program 2016 © International Space University. All Rights Reserved. The 2016 Space Studies Program of the International Space University (ISU) was hosted by the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa, Israel. aMARTE has been selected as the name representing the Mars Team Project. This choice was motivated by the dual meaning the term conveys. aMARTE first stands for A Mars Roadmap for Travel and Exploration, the official label the team has adopted for the project. Alternatively, aMARTE can be interpreted from its Spanish roots "amarte," meaning "to love," or can also be viewed as "a Marte," meaning "going to Mars." This play on words represents the mission and spirit of the team, which is to put together a roadmap including various disciplines for a human mission to Mars and demonstrate a profound commitment to Mars exploration. The aMARTE title logo was developed based on sections of the astrological symbols for Earth and Mars. The blue symbol under the team's name represents Earth, and the orange arrow symbol is reminiscent of the characteristic color of Mars. The arrow also serves as an invitation to go beyond the Earth and explore our neighboring planet. Electronic copies of the Final Report and the Executive Summary can be downloaded from the ISU Library website at http://isulibrary.isunet.edu/ International Space University Strasbourg Central Campus Parc d’Innovation 1 rue Jean-Dominique Cassini 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden France Tel +33 (0)3 88 65 54 30 Fax +33 (0)3 88 65 54 47 e-mail: [email protected] website: www.isunet.edu I.
    [Show full text]
  • Orbital Debris: a Chronology
    NASA/TP-1999-208856 January 1999 Orbital Debris: A Chronology David S. F. Portree Houston, Texas Joseph P. Loftus, Jr Lwldon B. Johnson Space Center Houston, Texas David S. F. Portree is a freelance writer working in Houston_ Texas Contents List of Figures ................................................................................................................ iv Preface ........................................................................................................................... v Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................... vii Acronyms and Abbreviations ........................................................................................ ix The Chronology ............................................................................................................. 1 1961 ......................................................................................................................... 4 1962 ......................................................................................................................... 5 963 ......................................................................................................................... 5 964 ......................................................................................................................... 6 965 ......................................................................................................................... 6 966 ........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Spacex's Expanding Launch Manifest
    October 2013 SpaceX’s expanding launch manifest China’s growing military might Servicing satellites in space A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS SpaceX’s expanding launch manifest IT IS HARD TO FIND ANOTHER SPACE One of Brazil, and the Turkmensat 1 2012, the space docking feat had been launch services company with as di- for the Ministry of Communications of performed only by governments—the verse a customer base as Space Explo- Turkmenistan. U.S., Russia, and China. ration Technologies (SpaceX), because The SpaceX docking debunked there simply is none. No other com- A new market the myth that has prevailed since the pany even comes close. Founded only The move to begin launching to GEO launch of Sputnik in 1957, that space a dozen years ago by Elon Musk, is significant, because it opens up an travel can be undertaken only by na- SpaceX has managed to win launch entirely new and potentially lucrative tional governments because of the contracts from agencies, companies, market for SpaceX. It also puts the prohibitive costs and technological consortiums, laboratories, and univer- company into direct competition with challenges involved. sities in the U.S., Argentina, Brazil, commercial launch heavy hitters Ari- Teal Group believes it is that Canada, China, Germany, Malaysia, anespace of Europe with its Ariane mythology that has helped discourage Mexico, Peru, Taiwan, Thailand, Turk- 5ECA, U.S.-Russian joint venture Inter- more private investment in commercial menistan, and the Netherlands in a rel- national Launch Services with its Pro- spaceflight and the more robust growth atively short period.
    [Show full text]
  • Critical Issues Related to Registration of Space Objects and Transparency of Space Activities
    Acta Astronautica 143 (2018) 406–420 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Acta Astronautica journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/actaastro Critical issues related to registration of space objects and transparency of space activities Ram S. Jakhu a,*, Bhupendra Jasani b, Jonathan C. McDowell c a McGill-IASL, Montreal, Canada b King's College, London, UK c Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, USA1 ABSTRACT The main purpose of the 1975 Registration Convention is to achieve transparency in space activities and this objective is motivated by the belief that a mandatory registration system would assist in the identification of space objects launched into outer space. This would also consequently contribute to the application and development of international law governing the exploration and use of outer space. States Parties to the Convention furnish the required information to the United Nations' Register of Space Objects. However, the furnished information is often so general that it may not be as helpful in creating transparency as had been hoped by the drafters of the Convention. While registration of civil satellites has been furnished with some general details, till today, none of the Parties have described the objects as having military functions despite the fact that a large number of such objects do perform military functions as well. In some cases, the best they have done is to indicate that the space objects are for their defense establishments. Moreover, the number of registrations of space objects is declining. This paper addresses the challenges posed by the non-registration of space objects. Particularly, the paper provides some data about the registration and non-registration of satellites and the States that have and have not complied with their legal obligations.
    [Show full text]
  • Private Sector Lunar Exploration Hearing
    PRIVATE SECTOR LUNAR EXPLORATION HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON SPACE COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, SPACE, AND TECHNOLOGY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED FIFTEENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION SEPTEMBER 7, 2017 Serial No. 115–27 Printed for the use of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://science.house.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 27–174PDF WASHINGTON : 2017 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Publishing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, SPACE, AND TECHNOLOGY HON. LAMAR S. SMITH, Texas, Chair FRANK D. LUCAS, Oklahoma EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON, Texas DANA ROHRABACHER, California ZOE LOFGREN, California MO BROOKS, Alabama DANIEL LIPINSKI, Illinois RANDY HULTGREN, Illinois SUZANNE BONAMICI, Oregon BILL POSEY, Florida ALAN GRAYSON, Florida THOMAS MASSIE, Kentucky AMI BERA, California JIM BRIDENSTINE, Oklahoma ELIZABETH H. ESTY, Connecticut RANDY K. WEBER, Texas MARC A. VEASEY, Texas STEPHEN KNIGHT, California DONALD S. BEYER, JR., Virginia BRIAN BABIN, Texas JACKY ROSEN, Nevada BARBARA COMSTOCK, Virginia JERRY MCNERNEY, California BARRY LOUDERMILK, Georgia ED PERLMUTTER, Colorado RALPH LEE ABRAHAM, Louisiana PAUL TONKO, New York DRAIN LAHOOD, Illinois BILL FOSTER, Illinois DANIEL WEBSTER, Florida MARK TAKANO, California JIM BANKS, Indiana COLLEEN HANABUSA, Hawaii ANDY BIGGS, Arizona CHARLIE CRIST, Florida ROGER W. MARSHALL, Kansas NEAL P. DUNN, Florida CLAY HIGGINS, Louisiana RALPH NORMAN, South Carolina SUBCOMMITTEE ON SPACE HON. BRIAN BABIN, Texas, Chair DANA ROHRABACHER, California AMI BERA, California, Ranking Member FRANK D. LUCAS, Oklahoma ZOE LOFGREN, California MO BROOKS, Alabama DONALD S.
    [Show full text]
  • Space Almanac 2000
    On the following pages appears a variety of information and statistical material about space—particularly military activity in space. This alma- nac was compiled by the staff of Air Force Magazine, with assistance and information from R.W. Sturdevant, Air Force Space Command History Office; Steve Garber, NASA History Office; Tina Thompson, editor of TRW Space Log; Phillip S. Clark, Molniya Space Consultancy; Joseph J. Burger, Space Analysis and Re- search, Inc.; and US and Air Force Space Command Public Affairs Of- fices. Figures that appear in this section will not always agree because of dif- ferent cutoff dates, rounding, or dif- ferent methods of reporting. The in- formation is intended to illustrate trends in space activity. Space Almanac 2000 Compiled by Tamar A. Mehuron, Associate Editor 32 AIR FORCE Magazine / August 2000 0.05g 60,000 miles Geosynchronous Earth Orbit 22,300 miles Hard vacuum 1,000 miles Medium Earth Orbit begins 300 miles 0.95g 100 miles Earth Low Earth Orbit begins 60 miles Astronaut wings awarded 50 miles Limit for ramjet engines 28 miles Limit for turbojet engines 20 miles Stratosphere begins 10 miles Space facts from NASA and DoD sources. Digital image © 1996 Corbis; original image courtesy NASA. AIR FORCE Magazine / August 2000 33 Introduction What’s Up There As of May 31, 2000 Country/Organization Satellites Space Debris Total Probes USA 741 46 2,359 3,146 In 1919, Robert H. Goddard, known CIS (Russia/former USSR) 1,335 35 1,666 3,036 as the father of modern rocketry, pub- Iridium 88 0 0 88 lished “A Method of Attaining Extreme Japan 66 4 20 90 Altitude” while studying for his doctorate.
    [Show full text]
  • Space Activities 2019
    Space Activities in 2019 Jonathan McDowell [email protected] 2020 Jan 12 Rev 1.3 Contents Preface 3 1 Orbital Launch Attempts 3 1.1 Launch statistics by country . 3 1.2 Launch failures . 4 1.3 Commercial Launches . 4 2 Satellite Launch Statistics 6 2.1 Satellites of the major space powers, past 8 years . 6 2.2 Satellite ownership by country . 7 2.3 Satellite manufacture by country . 11 3 Scientific Space Programs 11 4 Military Space Activities 12 4.1 Military R&D . 12 4.2 Space surveillance . 12 4.3 Reconnaissance and Signals Intelligence . 13 4.4 Space Weapons . 13 5 Special Topics 13 5.1 The Indian antisatellite test and its implications . 13 5.2 Starlink . 19 5.3 Lightsail-2 . 24 5.4 Kosmos-2535/2536 . 25 5.5 Kosmos-2542/2543 . 29 5.6 Starliner . 29 5.7 OTV-5 and its illegal secret deployments . 32 5.8 TJS-3 . 33 6 Orbital Debris and Orbital Decay 35 6.1 Disposal of launch vehicle upper stages . 36 6.2 Orbituaries . 39 6.3 Retirements in the GEO belt . 42 6.4 Debris events . 43 7 Acknowledgements 43 Appendix 1: 2019 Orbital Launch Attempts 44 1 Appendix 2a: Satellite payloads launched in 2018 (Status end 2019) 46 Appendix 2b: Satellite payloads deployed in 2018 (Revised; Status end 2019) 55 Appendix 2c: Satellite payloads launched in 2019 63 Appendix 2d: Satellite payloads deployed in 2019 72 Rev 1.0 - Jan 02 Initial version Rev 1.1 - Jan 02 Fixed two incorrect values in tables 4a/4b Rev 1.2 - Jan 02 Minor typos fixed Rev 1.3 - Jan 12 Corrected RL10 variant, added K2491 debris event, more typos 2 Preface In this paper I present some statistics characterizing astronautical activity in calendar year 2019.
    [Show full text]
  • WORLD SPACECRAFT DIGEST by Jos Heyman 2013 Version: 1 January 2014 © Copyright Jos Heyman
    WORLD SPACECRAFT DIGEST by Jos Heyman 2013 Version: 1 January 2014 © Copyright Jos Heyman The spacecraft are listed, in the first instance, in the order of their International Designation, resulting in, with some exceptions, a date order. Spacecraft which did not receive an International Designation, being those spacecraft which failed to achieve orbit or those which were placed in a sub orbital trajectory, have been inserted in the date order. For each spacecraft the following information is provided: a. International Designation and NORAD number For each spacecraft the International Designation, as allocated by the International Committee on Space Research (COSPAR), has been used as the primary means to identify the spacecraft. This is followed by the NORAD catalogue number which has been assigned to each object in space, including debris etc., in a numerical sequence, rather than a chronoligical sequence. Normally no reference has been made to spent launch vehicles, capsules ejected by the spacecraft or fragments except where such have a unique identification which warrants consideration as a separate spacecraft or in other circumstances which warrants their mention. b. Name The most common name of the spacecraft has been quoted. In some cases, such as for US military spacecraft, the name may have been deduced from published information and may not necessarily be the official name. Alternative names have, however, been mentioned in the description and have also been included in the index. c. Country/International Agency For each spacecraft the name of the country or international agency which owned or had prime responsibility for the spacecraft, or in which the owner resided, has been included.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Considerations in the Age of Space Exploration: the Conservation and Protection of Non-Earth Environments
    Environmental Considerations in the age of Space Exploration: the Conservation and Protection of Non-Earth Environments Authors: Monica Vidaurri (Howard University, NASA GSFC, [email protected]), Alexander Gilbert (Colorado School of Mines, Nuclear Innovation Alliance) Co-signers: Dany Waller, Johns Hopkins University Corrine Rojas, Arizona State University Linda McEachern, Unaffiliated Sebastian Machado, Rutgers University Susana Martinez, Unaffiliated Jaime S. Crouse, SURA/NASA GSFC Evan L. Sneed, Pennsylvania State University Elizabeth Frank, First Mode Parvathy Prem, JHU/APL Marshall J. Styczinski, University of Washington Anne Virkki, Arecibo Observatory/University of Central Florida Sarah E. Moran, Johns Hopkins University Brenna Robertson, University of Connecticut Meredith Durbin, University of Washington Jennifer (JA) Grier, Planetary Science Institute Sarah Graber, Columbia University Briley Lewis, UCLA Andrew Rivkin, JHU/APL Sarah Ballard, University of Florida Margaret E. Landis, University of Colorado Boulder/LASP Sofia Sheikh, Pennsylvania State University Emilia Hernandez, University of California Davis Eleni Ravanis, European Space Agency/University of Hawai’i at Mānoa ​ Stephanie Mueller, DePaul University Gabrielle Englemann-Suissa, University of Washington Annie Drechsler, Unaffiliated Maggie Thompson, University of California Santa Cruz James Shults, Unaffiliated Valeria Urrutia Hurtado, Fisk University Emily Zhang, Columbia University Eric Lopez, NASA GSFC Joseph A. Guidry, University of Texas at Austin Zafar Rustamkulov, Johns Hopkins University Yasmeen Asali, Yale University Daniella Scalice, NASA Ames Jamie Keith, Unaffiliated The opinions expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the affiliations of the authors or co-signers. Introduction and Motivation Within the last decade, planetary science and planetary exploration has progressed tremendously, and what was previously thought of as science fiction is rapidly becoming our reality.
    [Show full text]
  • Guiding Visions of the Space Age
    GUIDING VISIONS OF THE SPACE AGE: HOW IMAGINATIVE EXPECTATIONS DIRECTED AN INDUSTRY by Daniel Waymark Goodman A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY Bozeman, Montana April 2019 ©COPYRIGHT by Daniel Waymark Goodman 2019 All Rights Reserved ii To Annie, For your unending love, support and patience. “With a bad telescope and a powerful imagination, there is no saying what you may not accomplish.” H. G. Wells, 1898 iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am enormously grateful for the support of a network of brilliant faculty and friends at Montana State University’s Department of History and Philosophy. I am especially privileged to have had the constant guidance of Dr. Michael Reidy over the last two years. Michael, this project could not have happened without your mentorship, critical eye and insights. I am deeply indebted to have had your support and friendship. I am also hugely thankful to have had the guidance of Dr. Brett Walker and Dr. Timothy LeCain. Brett, you taught me new ways of approaching history that have reshaped my worldview. Tim, in enhancing my understanding of my own country’s history, you provided me much of the context I needed for this project. I also owe a debt of gratitude to Dr. Billy Smith and Dr. James Meyer for greatly advancing my skills as a writer and thinker. You both pushed me again and again, and I am glad you did. Additionally, to the friendly staff at the Smithsonian Air and Space Museum archives in Chantilly, Virginia, thanks for all of your help providing me ample sources for this research as well as future projects.
    [Show full text]
  • Spacex's Expanding Launch Manifest
    October 2013 SpaceX’s expanding launch manifest China’s growing military might Servicing satellites in space A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS * 2220-&* +) % +),)".0-")"*/1+(0)" +2&/2+-'.1"-(,,&*$#-&*$"."/. $-""*+3&.4-*$")".0-"!4 !"/"-)&*",-/& (",+.&/&+**!1"(+ &/4 +*".//&+*-4)".0-")"*/1+(0)" • ! " ! • 3"), &16-/,#&)"*"02/"*"+101)"001%+ P*#/,*4))0#,/),40-""!0 1, % +!"6,+! • ),41"*-"/12/"0#/,* 9 81,*,/"1%+ 8 • !")#,/2+01"!60"-/1"!3,/1& ) ,/+"/'"104("0+! #),40 0"0 4%"/",1%"/*"1%,!0/"2+ "/1&++!&+ ,*-)"1" • /,-/&"1/6-,)/&71&,+*&+1&+&+$#&"/,-1& )"0 * • "0&$+"!*+2# 12/"!+!20"!6"5-"/&"+ "!/"0"/ %"/0 • 3"/)--&+$ ,+3"/$&+$!&3"/$&+$#/&+$"0"10!"1"/*&+"1%"0""!&+$ -/1& )"-,0&1&,+4&1% ± P*/"0,)21&,+ &$%3)&!1"!!1/1"01, (7&+),40-""!#),40 (7*0-,00&)" • ! "01# &)&16%/!4/""*"!!"!&+01/2*"+1 201,*!"0&$+"!-/,"0#,/ 201,*--)& 1&,+ &+$)"0*)),-1& ) "00/".2&/"!#,/ (0 11"/ • ! ,01!3+ "!0&$+)-/, "00,/ 5 )20&3"20"/#/&"+!)6!3+ "!!1-/, "00&+$0,#14/"#,/),4 +!+,+,-1&*) ,+!&1&,+0 "), &16#)2 121&,+0-" 1/)+! /,000-" 1/)!&$+,01& 0#,/-/ 1& ) ,*-)"5#),4-/,)"*0 0-0-&* +) +*/ /0. 1,!&0 2006,2//".2&/"*"+10 % /1& )"0""!&+$!3& "+!-/,!2 103&))" 3 October 2013 DEPARTMENTS COMMENTARY 3 Russian rocket engines forever? INTERNATIONAL BEAT 4 Business aviation: Contraction, then recovery. WASHINGTON WATCH 6 Governing in spite of gridlock. CONVERSATIONS 8 Page 6 With Loren Thompson. SPACE UPDATE 12 Space station repair: How it’s done. Page 16 ENGINEERING NOTEBOOK 16 Space science GOLD: A payload trend? OUT OF THE PAST 42 CAREER OPPORTUNITIES 44 Page 20 FEATURES CHINA’S GROWING MILITARY MIGHT 20 China’s continuing military modernization is strengthening its ability to wage war in new and expanding areas including cyberspace.
    [Show full text]
  • Ashes of 'Star Trek' Actor in Orbit 22 May 2012, by SETH BORENSTEIN , AP Science Writer
    Beam them up: Ashes of 'Star Trek' actor in orbit 22 May 2012, By SETH BORENSTEIN , AP Science Writer in Pasadena, Calif. After he died in 2007, his family decided that space would be a nice place to send some of his ashes so they spent a few thousand dollars to launch them in space with the Texas- based firm Celestis Inc. His daughter, Robin Smith of Grapevine, Texas, got up very early Tuesday to watch the pre-dawn launch, and said it was fitting. "I thought wow, he was actually up in the sky, in the place where his work is being used," Smith said by telephone. The ashes were in a special container that was in This combination of photos shows astronaut Gordon the second stage of the Falcon rocket that boosted Cooper, top left; Bob Shrake, an engineer who designed a capsule full of supplies for the International Space spaceship control instruments for NASA’s Jet Propulsion Lab, top right; actor James Doohan, bottom Station. That section of the rocket was jettisoned left; and capsules from Space Services Inc. These three about 10 minutes after launch. It will remain in orbit men who made space their lives are also making space for about a year then burn up as it returns to Earth. their final resting place. Their ashes - and hundreds of others’ - in capsules from Space Services Inc. were You don't have to be in the space business to have aboard the Falcon 9 rocket that blasted into orbit your ashes deposited in orbit, but you do have to Tuesday, May 19, 2012 as part of an in-space burial have nearly $3,000.
    [Show full text]