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Reimagining Tolkien: a Post-Colonial Perspective on the Lord of the Rings
Reimagining Tolkien: A Post-colonial Perspective on The Lord of the Rings Name: Louise Liebherr Award: PhD. Mary Immaculate College, University of Limerick Supervisor: Dr. John McDonagh Submitted to University of Limerick July 2012 i Declaration: I hereby declare that this thesis represents my own work and has not been submitted, in whole or in part, by me or any other person, for the purpose of obtaining any other qualification. Signed: __________________________________ Date: __________________________________ ii Dedication To my boyfriend Niall and my parents Michelle and Louis, the people who have most directly had to endure the wide range of emotions that this undertaking has subjected me to. iii Abstract This thesis analyses J. R. R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings from a post-colonial perspective. An Oxford don and philologist, who was born in Bloemfontein, South Africa but spent the majority of his life in Britain, Tolkien is best known amongst the general reading public for being the author of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, although he also published a number of other texts during his lifetime. The primary aim of this project is to conduct a close textual examination of Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings in light of twentieth century post-colonial concerns regarding the representation of the Other, Orientalism, language and the environment. By approaching his text in this way, it will be possible to ascertain whether or not Tolkien utilises some of the issues which arise in his text in such a way that they engage with the concerns raised by twentieth century post-colonial theorists, a feat which would determine whether or not The Lord of the Rings can be seen to function as a twentieth century post-colonial critique of colonial attitudes and ideas. -
Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Neuroscience
Legend for the front cover illustration Andrew J. Ewald - (Scott E. Fraser Laboratory) An early frog embryo, imaged at high-resolution using surface imaging microscopy, a novel technique first applied to developmental biology in the Biological Imaging Center at Caltech (Ewald et al., Dev. Dynamics, 2002). In this neurula stage embryo, the archenteron (large cavity) has formed and the blastopore has closed, thus completing the major goals of gastrulation. Recent work from the Fraser Lab has studied the molecular control of archenteron formation and blastopore closure and demonstrated that both processes require non-canonical Wnt signaling, acting through Dishevelled (Ewald et al., Development, in press). Quantitative analytical techniques, also developed in the Fraser Lab, were applied to demonstrate that the cellular events of gastrulation are dissociable, and therefore providing a possible explanation for the observed diversity of gastrulation mechanisms among amphibians. Legend for the back cover illustration Edward Coles – (Marianne Bronner-Fraser Laboratory) Whole-mount immunohistochemistry of an E11 mouse embryo with anti- -tubulinIII (Tuj1) – an early marker of differentiating neurons. This projected z series was imaged using a Zeiss confocal microscope (Beckman Imaging Center). Negative regulation of synaptic eIF4E by postsynaptic Pumilio Image by Violana Nesterova, Kai Zinn and Kaushiki Menon The cover shows accumulation of postsynaptic eIF4E aggregates (red) adjacent to a presynaptic microtubule marker (green), at Drosophila neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). The picture is an inverted mirror image of different neuromuscular junctions, oriented longitudinally. In our paper we examine the synaptic function of a translational repressor, Pumilio at Drosophila NMJs. eIF4E, is upregulated in Pumilio mutants (represented by NMJs with many eIF4E aggregates in the image) and is rescued by postsynaptic Pumilio expression (represented by NMJs with fewer eIF4E aggregates in the image). -
Fan Cultures Pdf, Epub, Ebook
FAN CULTURES PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Matthew Hills | 256 pages | 01 Mar 2002 | Taylor & Francis Ltd | 9780415240253 | English | London, United Kingdom Fan Cultures PDF Book In America, the fandom also began as an offshoot of science fiction fandom, with fans bringing imported copies of Japanese manga to conventions. Rather than submitting a work of fan fiction to a zine where, if accepted, it would be photocopied along with other works and sent out to a mailing list, modern fans can post their works online. Those who fall victim to the irrational appeals are manipulated by mass media to essentially display irrational loyalties to an aspect of pop culture. Harris, Cheryl, and Alison Alexander. She addresses her interests in American cultural and social thought through her works. In doing so, they create spaces where they can critique prescriptive ideas of gender, sexuality, and other norms promoted in part by the media industry. Stanfill, Mel. Cresskill, N. In his first book Fan Cultures , Hills outlines a number of contradictions inherent in fan communities such as the necessity for and resistance towards consumerism, the complicated factors associated with hierarchy, and the search for authenticity among several different types of fandom. Therefore, fans must perpetually occupy a space in which they carve out their own unique identity, separate from conventional consumerism but also bolster their credibility with particular collectors items. They rose to stardom separately on their own merits -- Pickford with her beauty, tumbling curls, and winning combination of feisty determination and girlish sweetness, and Fairbanks with his glowing optimism and athletic stunts. Gifs or gif sets can be used to create non-canon scenarios mixing actual content or adding in related content. -
Collecting Tolkieniana at the Marquette University Archives
[Slide 1] Title—One Fandom to Rule Them All: Collecting Tolkieniana at the Marquette University Archives. [Slide 2] Marquette University here in Milwaukee has a student population of roughly 8,000 undergraduates and 3,000 graduate students. Our Department of Special Collections and University Archives stands on three pillars: University Records, rare books, and manuscript collections. All three come together to form our department. [Slide 3] Among our manuscript collections, arguably the most notable is the J. R. R. Tolkien Collection. At the heart of this collection are the manuscripts that Marquette purchased from Professor Tolkien in 1957, some of which came into Marquette’s possession around that time; others arrived much later, sent by Tolkien’s son and literary executor, Christopher. This remarkably comprehensive collection of manuscripts documents the creation of four of Tolkien’s imaginary works: in order of their publication, The Hobbit, Farmer Giles of Ham, The Lord of the Rings, and Mr. Bliss. A question cries out here for an answer: Why is this collection at Marquette University? [Slide 4] The 30-seconds sound bite answer is because of the vision of this man – William B. Ready, pictured here in front of the then brand new Memorial Library on Marquette’s campus. In 1956 Marquette hired Ready from Stanford to be its library director and to stock this new library with books and manuscripts. Ready identified Tolkien as somebody whose manuscripts he wanted. He asked Tolkien if he would consider selling them to Marquette. Tolkien agreed. The sale was made. That’s it in a nutshell. -
Tolkien Encyclopedia
Tolkien Encyclopedia The Accursed • Oromë • Uldor Algund Adanedhel • A member of the Guar-waith. • Túrin Almarian Adurant • The daughter of Vëantur, husband of • A tributary of Gelion. Meneldur, and mother of Anardil, Ailinel, and Almiel. Aegnor • Elvish son of Finarfin. Almiel • Called: Egnor • A daughter of Meneldur and Almarian. Aelin-uial Alqualondë • The Twilight Meres • The mansions of Olwë in Aman. • Called: The Haven of Swans. Aerandir • A mariner who sailed with Eärendil to Aman Aman. • Home of the Valar. Across the Outer Sea from Arda Aerin • Called: The Land of Aman, the Blessed • A relative of Húrin. The wife of Brodda, an Realm, the Guarded Realm Easterling. The daughter of Indor. Amlach The After-born • The son of Imlach. • Men Amon Ereb The Aftercomers • A hill in Ossiriand where Denethor died • Men during the First Battle of the Wars of Beleriand. Agarwaen • Túrin Amon Ethir • A hill raised by Finrod in front of Aglon Nargothrond. • Himlad • Called: The Spyhill Ailinel Amon Gwareth • A daughter of Meneldur and Almarian, the • A mountain in Tumladen. wife of Orchaldor, and mother of Soronto. Amon Obel Ainairos • A mountain in Brethil. • An Elf of Alqualondë who stirred up the Valar against Melkor. Amon Rûdh • Mîm’s home in the west of Doriath. The Ainu of Evil • Called: Sharbhund, the Bald Hill, Bar-en- • Melkor Danwedh, the House of Ransom, Echad i Sedryn, Camp of the Faithful Alcarinquë and Elemmírë • Stars Amras • Elvish son of Fëanor. Aldarion • Anardil Amrod • Elvish son of Fëanor. Aldaron Tolkien Encyclopedia Anadûnê Anduin the Great • Andor • A river in Arda Anardil Andúnië • The son of Meneldur and Almarian. -
Myth, Fantasy and Fairy-Story in Tolkien's Middle-Earth Buveneswary
MYTH, FANTASY AND FAIRY-STORY IN TOLKIEN’S MIDDLE-EARTH Malaya BUVENESWARY VATHEMURTHYof DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF ARTS & SOCIAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY MALAYA University2016 MYTH, FANTASY AND FAIRY-STORY IN TOLKIEN’S MIDDLE-EARTH BUVENESWARY VATHEMURTHYMalaya of DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTERS OF ARTS FACULTY OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR University2016 Abstract This dissertation explores J.R.R. Tolkien’s ideas and beliefs on myth, fantasy and fairy story and their roles in portraying good and evil in his famous works. Indeed, many authors and critics such as Bradley J. Birzer, Patrick Curry, Joseph Pearce, Ursula Le Guin, and Jay Richards have researched Tolkien based on this connection. They have worked on the nature of good and evil in his stories, the relevance of Tolkien in contemporary society, and the importance of myth and fantasy. However, my original contribution would be to examine the pivotal roles of myth, fantasy and fairy story as a combined whole and to demonstrate that they depend on one another to convey truths about good and evil. This research is aimed at showing that Middle-earth evolves from a combination of these three genres. This is made evident by the way Tolkien crafted his lecture On Fairy Stories for a presentation at the AndrewMalaya Lang lecture at the University of St Andrews in 1939. This dissertation then examines Tolkien’s own definitions of myth, fantasy and fairy stories and his extensiveof research on these “old-fashioned” or forgotten genres. He believed they could provide a cure for the moral and human degradation triggered by modernism. -
Worldbuilding in Tolkien's Middle-Earth and Beyond
KULT_online. Review Journal for the Study of Culture journals.ub.uni-giessen.de/kult-online (ISSN 1868-2855) Issue 61 (May 2020) Worldbuilding in Tolkien’s Middle-earth and Beyond Dennis Friedrichsen Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen [email protected] Abstract: The field of worldbuilding in literary studies is experiencing a revitalization and it is therefore unsurprising that interest in Tolkien’s Middle-earth is renewed. Many aspects of Tolkien’s world have been analyzed and discussed, but it remains a relevant topic for both specific questions concerning Tolkien’s world and general questions concerning worldbuilding in literature. Sub-creating Arda , edited by Dimitra Fimi and Thomas Honegger, makes a valuable contribution that expands on both theoretical areas, applies theories of worldbuilding to Middle-earth, and draws interesting parallels to other fictional worlds. Because the field of worldbuilding is incredibly rich, Sub-creating Arda is not exhaustive, but nevertheless makes significant contributions to contemporary academic problematizations of the field and will undoubtedly inspire new arguments and new approaches within the field of worldbuilding. How to cite: Friedrichsen, Dennis: “Worldbuilding in Tolkien’s Middle-earth and Beyond [Review of: Fimi, Dimitra and Thomas Honegger (eds.): Sub-creating Arda. World-building in J.R.R. Tolkien’s Work, Its Precursors, and Its Legacies. Zurich: Walking Tree Publishers, 2019.]“. In: KULT_online 61 (202o). DOI: https://doi.org/10.22029/ko.2020.1034 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International KULT_online. Review Journal for the Study of Culture 61 / 2020 journals.ub.uni-giessen.de/kult-online Worldbuilding in Tolkien’s Middle-earth and Beyond Dennis Friedrichsen Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen Fimi, Dimitra and Thomas Honegger (eds.). -
Download Anor 42
Anor Issue 42, Michaelmas 2013 2 ]6h7 8.Öj]2 h 2]l7h6 Editor’s Note Mae govannen, mellyn nín! Welcome, my friends, to Issue 42 of the Cambridge Tolkien Society’s Anor! Many thanks to Heather Douglas for the front cover artwork and to our contributors who have provided us with a range of articles for you to enjoy! In the second instalment of his scholarly saga entitled Dwarven Economy and Society, James Baillie provides a comprehensive overview and enlightening discussion of Dwarf demographics and economy from the earliest days of their race right up to the War of the Ring and slightly beyond. James also presents two songs to add to our as yet non- existent songbook. As well as lyrical stylings, we also have the logical stylings of Hannah Strachan, who submits several rock-solid, utterly water-tight arguments for why Radagast is, in fact, Sauron! Jack Fleming discusses the nature of heroism in Tolkien’s Legendarium, inspired by the CTS’ meeting on this topic. Jack offers an argument for the significance of Saruman of Many Colours that goes far beyond him serving as a warning of the dangers of mixing colours in one’s laundry. Samuel Cook helps to bring some clarity to the chronology of the First Age for all those who are unsure who’s doing what where and when. Samuel also gives us a new Pentagon-style jargon, which has the potential to turn every noun into an impenetrable description of Entish proportions. And speaking of Ents, I present some speculations regarding the nature of the Entish mind based on the form and structure of Entish speech and the Entish language. -
The Journal of the Tolkien Society
Issue 50 • Autumn 2010 MallornThe Journal of the Tolkien Society Mallorn The Journal of the Tolkien Society Issue 50 • Autumn 2010 Editor: Henry Gee editorial Production & 4 Marcel Bülles looks to the future of Tolkien fandom design: Colin Sullivan letters Cover art: Lorenzo Daniele 7 Alex Lewis & Elizabeth Curie go back to the source Inside pages: Ruth Lacon (p. 2), Jef Murray (pp. 6, 7, reviews 25, 39, 48, 50, 52), Phyllis 8 Lynn Forest-Hill on Elves in Anglo-Saxon England Berka (p. 10), John Gilbey 9 Mike Foster on The Inheritance (pp. 14, 40, 44, 46), Colin 11 Chad Chisholm on Up Williams (p. 20), Teresa 13 Roberto Arduini & Claudio Testi on Tolkien and Philosophy Kirkpatrick (p. 47), Lorenzo Daniele (p. 51) commentary 15 Charles E Noad The Tolkien Society — the early days 26 Maggie Burns ‘… A local habitation and a name …’ Mallorn © The Tolkien 31 Simon Barrow The magic of fantasy: the traditional, the original and the Society. Printed and wonderful distributed by The Printed 34 Chad Chisholm The wizard and the rhetor: rhetoric and the ethos of Word, 7–9 Newhouse Middle-earth in The Hobbit Business Centre, Old 37 Vanessa Phillips-Zur-Linden Arwen and Edward: redemption and the fairy Crawley Road, Horsham bride/groom in the literary fairytale RH12 4RU, UK. interview 42 Mike Foster talks to Simon Tolkien poetry 46 Lynn Forest-Hill The Long Watch 46 Anne Forbes The Path To The Sea 46 Anne Forbes The End Of The Summer 47 Teresa Kirkpatrick Tuor And Ulmo fiction 48 Julia Fenton Blasphemy well, I’m back 50 Paul H Vigor takes a closer look at Thror’s map Mallorn is the Journal of the Tolkien Society, and appears twice a year, in the Spring (copy deadline 25 December) and Autumn (21 June). -
Fire and Ice: the Traditional Heroine in <I>The Silmarillion</I>
Volume 18 Number 1 Article 7 Fall 10-15-1991 Fire and Ice: The Traditional Heroine in The Silmarillion Sarah Beach Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.swosu.edu/mythlore Part of the Children's and Young Adult Literature Commons Recommended Citation Beach, Sarah (1991) "Fire and Ice: The Traditional Heroine in The Silmarillion," Mythlore: A Journal of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and Mythopoeic Literature: Vol. 18 : No. 1 , Article 7. Available at: https://dc.swosu.edu/mythlore/vol18/iss1/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Mythopoeic Society at SWOSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Mythlore: A Journal of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and Mythopoeic Literature by an authorized editor of SWOSU Digital Commons. An ADA compliant document is available upon request. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To join the Mythopoeic Society go to: http://www.mythsoc.org/join.htm Mythcon 51: A VIRTUAL “HALFLING” MYTHCON July 31 - August 1, 2021 (Saturday and Sunday) http://www.mythsoc.org/mythcon/mythcon-51.htm Mythcon 52: The Mythic, the Fantastic, and the Alien Albuquerque, New Mexico; July 29 - August 1, 2022 http://www.mythsoc.org/mythcon/mythcon-52.htm Abstract Defines the Light and Dark heroine, each of which may have a positive or negative aspect. Sees Finduilas and Nienor Níniel as negative, non-active, acted upon; Lúthien and Idril participate “in the course of their heroes’ actions.” Additional Keywords Fair and dark ladies; Heroines; Tolkien, J.R.R.—Characters—Finduilas; Tolkien, J.R.R.—Characters—Idril; Tolkien, J.R.R.—Characters—Lúthien Tinúviel; Tolkien, J.R.R.—Characters—Niënor/Níniel; Tolkien, J.R.R. -
Tolkien Encyclopedia
Tolkien Encyclopedia The Accursed • Called: The Hornburg, Glæmscrafu • Uldor (Rohirrim) Adanedhel Aglon • Túrin • Himlad Adorn Akallabêth the Downfallen • A river in the Enedwaith near the fortress of • Andor Freca. Ailinel Adrahil • A daughter of Meneldur and Almarian, the • (Númenórean) Ondoher’s Captain of the wife of Orchaldor, and mother of Soronto. Left Wing Ainairos Adûnaic • An Elf of Alqualondë who stirred up the • The language of the King’s Men in Andor. Valar against Melkor. Adurant The Ainu of Evil • A tributary of Gelion. • Melkor Aeglos Aiwendil • The spear of Gil-galad. • An Istari sent by Yavanna. • Called: Radagast Aegnor • Elvish son of Finarfin. Alatar • Called: Egnor • An Istari sent by Oromë. Aelin-uial Alcarin • The Twilight Meres • Atanatar II Aerandir Alcarinquë and Elemmírë • A mariner who sailed with Eärendil to • Stars Aman. Alcarondas Aerin • Pharazôn’s mighty ship. • A relative of Húrin. The wife of Brodda, an • Called: Castle of the Sea Easterling. The daughter of Indor. Aldamir The After-born • (Eldarin) A son of Eldacar and father of • Men Hyarmendacil II. A king of Gondor. The Aftercomers Aldarion • Men • Anardil Agarwaen Aldaron • Túrin • Oromë Aghan Adelard Took • A Drûg leech and friend of Barach. • A hobbit friend of Bilbo. Aglarond Aldor • A fortress watching the Gap of • (Rohirrim) A son of Brego and father of Calenardhon. Fréa. A king of the Rohirrim who drove out the Dunlendings. Tolkien Encyclopedia Algund Amon Gwareth • A member of the Guar-waith. • (Sindarin) A mountain in Tumladen. Almarian Amon Obel • The daughter of Vëantur, husband of • (Sindarin) A mountain in Brethil. Meneldur, and mother of Anardil, Ailinel, and Almiel. -
Or, There and Back Again
Please do not remove this page The Name of the Ring; or, There and Back Again Croft, Janet Brennan https://scholarship.libraries.rutgers.edu/discovery/delivery/01RUT_INST:ResearchRepository/12643405330004646?l#13643524790004646 Croft, J. B. (2017). The Name of the Ring; or, There and Back Again. Mythlore, 35(2), 81–94. https://doi.org/10.7282/T3XP77CV This work is protected by copyright. You are free to use this resource, with proper attribution, for research and educational purposes. Other uses, such as reproduction or publication, may require the permission of the copyright holder. Downloaded On 2021/10/01 14:58:43 -0400 HE NAME OF THE RING: OR, THERE AND BACK AGAIN JANET BRENNAN CROFT HE WHOLE OF ‘MIDDLE-EARTH’ WAS MORGOTH’S RING” (Morgoth’s Ring “T [MR] 400). What did Tolkien mean by this somewhat cryptic statement, which appears in an unpublished essay titled “Notes on motives in The Silmarillion” and nowhere else, and from which the tenth volume of The History of Middle-earth takes its title? Tolkien goes on to explain that Morgoth’s power was “disseminated” throughout Middle-earth; that it was “nowhere absent” though “nowhere absolute,” and was a prerequisite for using any sort of matter towards an evil magical end. If Arda is Morgoth’s Ring, with his power infusing the whole world, and Sauron’s “relatively smaller” power is, in comparison, “concentrated” in the Ring of his own making (MR 400), what might this imply if we follow this thread to the tangled knot at its end? In Middle-earth, it seems that evil suffers a steady decline from the cosmic to the petty over the course of “the long defeat” of Arda, in the same way that Verlyn Flieger demonstrates that Light in the legendarium appears in “progressively lessening intensities [, e]ach light […] dimmer than the one before it, splintered by Tolkien’s sub-creators” (Splintered Light, 60).