LESSON THEME: Animal Nutrition

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LESSON THEME: Animal Nutrition Objectives 1. Use math to calculate the cost of our animal diets at Zoo Miami 2. Understand food chains by defining the difference between producers, primary consumers, and secondary consumers. Vocabulary words Food chain: How each living thing gets food, and how nutrients and energy are passed from species to species Producer: A plant or plant parts that are able to produce its own food Primary consumer: An organism that eats producers. It is always a herbivore. Secondary consumer: An organism that eats primary consumers. It can be an omnivore or carnivore. Materials 1. Pencil & paper 2. Calculator ACTIVITY # 1 Zoo Kitchen Bill Review the chart and answer the questions below. You can use pencil and paper or a calculator. SPECIES COST PER WEEK COST PER YEAR Spotted Hyena $50 $2,600 Pygmy Hippo $40 $2,100 Koala $672 $35,000 Kiwi $18 $920 Sloth Bear $180 $9,400 Orangutan $77 $4,000 North American River Otter $32 $1,600 Bobcat $14 $730 North American Crocodile $32 $1,600 Jaguar $80 $4,100 1. Is it more expensive to feed a sloth bear or an orangutan for 1 year? 2. What is the total cost to feed a pygmy hippo, kiwi, and crocodile for 1 week? 3. How much more does it cost to feed a koala than a spotted hyena for 1 year? 4. How much does it cost to feed the 3 jaguars at Zoo Miami for 1 year? 5. What is the least expensive animal in the table to feed? 6. What is the most expensive animal in the table to feed? FUN FACT: IT COSTS $1 MILLION TO FEED ALL THE ANIMALS AT ZOO MIAMI FOR ONE YEAR! ACTIVITY # 2 Food Chains Review the vocabulary words and identify who is the producer, primary consumer, and secondary consumer in each food chain below. Dead tree Termites Sloth Bear EXAMPLE: Producer Primary Consumer Secondary Consumer Leaves Sloth Harpy Eagle #1 Jaguar Fruit Agouti #2 Seeds Snake Mouse #3.

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Spotted Hyena • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Crocuta crocuta through human understanding Classification What groups does this organism belong to based on characteristics shared with other organisms? Class: Mammalia (all mammals) Order: Carnivora (all carnivores) Family: Hyaenidae (hyenas and aardwolf ) Genus: Crocuta Species: crocuta Where in the Distribution world does this species live? Spotted hyenas range widely throughout Africa south of the Sahara up to 13,500 ft. (4,100 m). Populations are concentrated in eastern and southern Africa, primarily in protected areas. Habitat What kinds of areas does this species live in? This species is found in a wide variety of habitats: savanna, open woodland, dense dry woodland, montane and semi-desert. Not found in extreme desert conditions, the highest mountain altitudes or tropical rainforests. Physical Description How would this animal’s body shape and size be described? • Although hyenas bear some physical resemblance to wild dogs, but they are not canids. They are a separate family and more closely related to mongooses and meerkats. • Spotted hyenas are the the largest of four hyena species (spotted, brown, aardwolf, and striped hyenas). Weight ranges from 75 to 190 lbs. (34-86 kg). Height at shoulders is 2.5 to 3 ft. (76-91 cm), body length ranges from 4 to 5 ft. (122-152 cm) and bushy tails are 10 to 14 in. (25-36 cm) long. Female hyenas are a bit larger than the males. • Coat is short and coarse, ranging in color from sandy/yellow to grey/brown with black or dark brown spots. • Front legs are longer than hind legs giving their back a sloping appearance.
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