December 16, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36767 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

A SALUTE TO ROSA PARKS 30 YEARS ON, MONTGOMERY STILL INSPIRES ing me what had happened. But this was Us clearly a crisis, and I was glad he had ac­ to a white man. As she said later, "I was just Thirty years ago today, Rosa Parks was fiance were considered to be crimes. plain tired and my feet hurl" Her cup of en­ Therefore, for her act of defiance, Rosa having a bad day in Montgomery, Ala., and durance had run over, and she refused to making history. Parks, a 42-year-old seamstress, was arrest­ move. The driver called a policeman, who After working until past 5 p.m. as a $25-a­ ed. She was put on trial and convicted. arrested her. Later, she was bailed out by week seamstress in a downtown department But, this act had still another and more E.D. Dixon, a prominent member of Mont­ store, she was arrested on her way home for permanent consequence. Tired of the segre­ gomery's black community. Like Parks, he also had had enough, and soon telephones refusing to give up her seat on a city bus to gation and humiliation they experienced in were ringing all over town. a white man. Police took her to the city jail, the South, black residents formed the Although 70 percent of its passengers and she had to wait for friends to post her Montgomery Improvement Association and were black, the Montgomery bus line hu­ bond. The delay made her late cooking launched a 381-day boycott of the bus miliated and insulted them on a daily basis. supper. system in Montgomery in response to Rosa The first seats on all buses were reserved for But the troubles that came Dec. 1, 1955, to the soft-spoken, strong-willed Alabama Parks' arrest. They chose Dr. Martin whites. Blacks had to pay their fares at the front of the bus, get off and walk to the woman greatly accelerated the elimination Luther King, Jr., a young charismatic min­ of the South's segregation codes and cata­ ister, to be the leader of the association rear door to board again. Sometimes the bus would drive off without them after they had pulted into international influence a young and boycott. paid the fare, which was considered a great Baptist preacher, Dr. Martin Luther King, The boycott was a success. One year joke by the drivers. Jr. later, after considering the appeal of Mrs. The Women's Political Council in the Appointed "mother of the civil rights Parks, the U.S. Supreme Court overturned black community suggested a one-day bus movement," Mrs. Parks, now 72, lives, works the 1896 Plessy versus Ferguson decision boycott, and Nixon began to organize it. and copes in Detroit, as she has for 27 years. which has been used to legally justify seg­ Martin joined in the organizing efforts, and She carries with her the honor and the I was drafted to make phone calls and take burden placed by the nation and the news regation in Montgomery and the South. media on an American heroine. In an inter­ Encouraged by the victory in Montgom­ messages. We woke early Monday morning, Dec. 5, view last week, she expressed concern about ery, black residents and people committed to watch for the 6 o'clock bus that stopped young people, lamented the high level of vi­ to equality for all citizens banded together in front of our house. Headlights blazing olence, and spoke of hope that people of in the civil rights movement. At the fore­ through the December darkness, the bus ar­ goodwill can bring about peace, prosperity front of this great movement was the rived right on time. Although it was usually and happiness. leader of the Montgomery Improvement full of black passengers, we were elated to Somewhat by chance 30 years ago, swell­ Association-Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. see that it was empty. The next bus was ing, rebellious forces against racial discrimi­ empty as well. nation put her in the thick of a storm Today, 30 years later, major victories in sweeping across Dixie, changing the region the struggle for civil rights for all Ameri­ All over Montgomery, blacks were walking to work. Some organized car pools. A few forever. cans have been won. We have to thank even rode mules and horse-drawn buggies. Five days after Mrs. Parks' arrest, Mont­ Rosa Parks for her act of defiance and Others hitchhiked or took discount-fare gomery blacks began a 381-day bus boycott. courage which helped to strengthen the taxis we had organized, but they did not Her contested conviction in the case result­ civil rights movement and pricked the con­ ride the buses. ed in a 1956 U.S. Supreme Court opinion science of America. Later that morning, Parks was convicted that reversed an 1896 court decision, Plessy Because of her pivotal role in the history of disobeying the city's segregation ordi­ vs. Ferguson, the cornerstone of the South's of this Nation, I would like to share with nance. She was fined $10 plus court costs. "separate but equal" post-Reconstruction her attorney filed an appeal. laws, which in reality had kept blacks sepa­ my colleagues newspaper articles which ap­ At an afternoon planning meeting, Martin rate but unequal. peared earlier this month on Rosa Parks was unanimously elected president of the At the boycott's beginning, King was a 26- and her role in the history of this Nation. I protest group, the Montgomery Improve­ year-old, little-known pastor of the Dexter ask my colleagues to join with me in salut­ ment Association. When he came home that Avenue Baptist Church, located next to Ala­ ing her. evening, he was a little nervous about tell- bama's state Capitol, where Jefferson Davis

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member of the Senate on the floor. Boldface type indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. 36768 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985 had stood to take the oath as president of ble. It is heartbreaking to see the violence CFrom the Christian Science Monitor, Nov. the Confederate States of America in 1861. being done to people by other people." 29, 1985) By the boycott's end, King had emerged Mrs. Parks and her husband moved from ROSA PARKS TOOK HER STAND FOR CIVIL as the leader of a non-violent crusade that Montgomery to Detroit in August 1957, RIGHTS-BY SITTING DOWN-SHE MOVED TO spread across the nation and in 1964 won after she could not find a job in Montgom­ FRONT OF Bus AND INTEGRATION FOLLOWED him the Nobel Peace Prize. ery and because relatives feared for her In the interview at U.S. Rep. John Con­ safety. yers' Detroit office, where she is employed, She had lived in Detroit since, except for BosTON.-Thirty years ago a black seam­ Mrs. Parks said she tries not to think of a year when she took a job as housemother stress refused to give up her seat to a white what happened to her 30 years ago today, at Hampton Institute, a college in Hampton, passenger in a bus in Montgomery, Ala. She "but people don't let me forget it." Va. Conyers hired her after he was elected was arrested and fined $14. "It was not a very pleasant time," said. "I to Congress in 1964. This incident sparked a civil rights explo­ don't think anybody enjoys thinking in In Detroit, Parks took care of her ill hus­ sion in the United States, one that outlawed terms of being arrested and taken off to jail band and mother, both of whom died here. "separate but equal" facilities and education when you were planning to go home and Her brother also died in Detroit. She has no for blacks and whites in the South and chal­ take care of things." children, but she has nieces and nephews lenged "lip service" freedom and civil rights Mrs. Parks said she does not "feel too and their children in Detroit, and many for blacks outside the old Confederacy. much" a historical figure, but "I'm happy to friends. Rosa L. Parks sat until she was forced off know that some changes for the better were The city named a street in her honor. A the bus Dec. l, 1955, thus igniting the Mont­ made and I made a contribution. It had Detroit shrine in her memory has been gomery bus boycott, a movement that cata­ been such a long struggle with me. You planned for several years, but fundraising pulted a young minister, Dr. Martin Luther have to pick the time and notice before the public. It takes changes or something good comes our way." changed since those days, says Mrs. Parks, something sensational to attract attention, who now lives in Detroit. "Blacks hold elec­ to attract the media's attention." tive office. They work downtown in good po­ At the time of her arrest, Mrs. Parks was CFrom the Detroit Free Press, Dec. 1, 1985) sitions. Things are much better." secretary of the Montgomery NAACP CIVIL RIGHTS: THIRTY YEARS AGO, ONE Bus She cautions the nation and black people, branch and had been involved in attempts RIDE MADE A WORLD OF DIFFERENCE however: to end segregation. Thirty years ago today Rosa Parks had "We are disturbed when we see so little "As soon as I was arrested and people had it. She got on a bus in Montgomery, being done by so many. We are at an age started staying off buses, everybody wanted Ala., and took the first seat she came to. now that it feels like it is time for others to to talk with me then about that particular She sat down where she pleased. She was move on and take our place. We must work day," Parks said. "It was a day just like any tired-from work and, as it turned out, tired together for peace, justice, and goodwill for other day; the only thing that made it sig­ all people. That was Dr. King's idea of the nificant was that the masses of the people of toiling to the back of every bus because beloved community. We must keep alive this joined in . . . putting the bus company out her skin was several shades darker than dream always." of business, and we kept our protest going people who sat in the front of the bus. Rosa Others agree with Mrs. Parks. Dr. King's for more than a year and finally the Su­ Parks' tired feet and tired but indomitable dream has not been achieved, although preme Court decision to end racial discrimi­ spirit marked the beginning of something much progress has been made in human nation on transportation systems and (then that isn't over yet: the American civil rights rights. came> the protests and demonstrations that movement. "Her stand was quite remarkable, a heroic followed by the youths, the Student Nonvio­ Detroit is privileged to call Ms. Parks one act when she refused to move to the back of lent Coordinating Committee; Dr. King was of its own, since she has been a citizen of the bus," says Prof. Glenn Loury of Harvard chosen as the spokesman in Montgomery this city for some years now. And occasion­ University, a black conservative, on leave to and that led to organizing the Southern ally she comes out of her own quiet retire­ teach at Princeton University. "Unfortu­ Christian Leadership Conference." ment to speak up for civility and civil rights, nately, that does not mean our problems Her arrest provoked the sustained bus just as she did the other day in the matter have been resolved." boycott, she thinks, because many forces of the Dearborn parks ordinance. But no "The overt signs of racial bias-separate converged after World War II. word she has ever spoken will be so power­ water fountains, separate waiting rooms, "With the veterans returning, many of ful as the gesture she made on Dec. 1, 1955, separate schools, separate dining facilities­ them were anxious to come to a better life the day she refused to give up her seat to a are in the past," says Dr. Loury, an econo­ than when they left," Mrs. Parks said. white man on that Montgomery bus. That mist. "Young people were willing to sacrifice and her subsequent arrest provoked a young "Other problems are still with us, but we themselves to demonstrate for freedom and minister by the name of the Rev. Martin suffer most from severe economic plight. the end of legal segregation. There were Luther King Jr. to engage himself in the But solutions for today are not in the realm many things-the death of young Emmett struggle that began with a stupid, inhumane of civil rights." Till in Mississippi. People were concerned policy of a racist bus company and culmi­ Forget "handouts" and federal "social about that." nated in a march on Washington and the programs," he adds. Earlier that year, Till, a 14-year-old Chica­ epochal "I have a dream" speech. The private sector is concerned with ef­ go black youth visiting relatives in Glendo­ No decent American alive in 1985 could fects of reported future changes in federal ra, Miss., had been shot to death, ostensibly look back 30 years and think that the policy. "Affirmative action is no longer a because he had whistled at a white woman. notion that a person by virtue of skin color hassle with us," B. Lawrence Branch, direc­ His body, badly beaten, was found in the should have to sit in the back of a bus, tor of equal employment affairs at Merck & Tallahatchie River. Two white men-one of rather than in whatever empty seat suited Co. of Rahway, N.J., told a recent confer­ them the woman's husband-were accused him or her, was anything other than outra­ ence in Boston. of kidnapping and murdering Till. After de­ geous and obscene, not to mention un-Amer­ "We're not threatened with reverse liberating briefly, a jury acquitted the men. ican and unconstitutional. The temptation discrimination suits," he says of Merck's na­ Although much has changed since she re­ is to celebrate this modest anniversay as one tionally copied affirmative-action program. fused to give up her seat on the Montgom­ celebrates VE or V. Day-as the anniversary "Nor do white employees accuse us of ery bus, Parks said: "We still have problems of a decisive victory. Rosa Parks and Dr. hiring unqualified minorities to meet our af­ as long as there are problems of crime and King certainly did win some battles, but firmative-action goals. But what happens if welfare and violence and all that goes to their followers in the 1980s are still fighting the administration alters its civil rights poli­ take away value of human life.... It is up because the victory is not yet won. And it cies radically?" to people of goodwill to work together . . . won't be until the nightmare found as all Civil rights leaders have mixed opinions. to teach these young people, the children, too true by the Kerner Commission 17 years "Everything has changed, but nothing has the pitfalls and the dangers that they face ago-that the United States of America is changed," says the Rev. Joseph E. Lowery, and help them get strong enough to avoid evolving into two separate societies, one president of the Southern Christian Lead­ so much violence and so much death and ru­ white and the other black-is finally turned ship Conference, once led by Dr. King. ining of lives. into Dr. King's dream of unity and then "In the 1960s Bull Connor [Birmingham, "I would like to hope that the future for into reality for all people. Ala., police commissioner] threw us in jail, blacks and all people would be one of peace Meanwhile, thank you, Citizen Parks for sicked dogs on us, turned the water hose on and prosperity, as much happiness as possi- your noble protest, those 30 years ago. us. Today Birmingham has a black mayor. December 16, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36769 Last year he picked me up at the airport DAY CARE INSURANCE CRISIS ming from claims of child abuse by day-care and gave me a key to the city," Mr. Lowery REFLECTS UNDERLYING PROB­ workers, particularly child sexual abuse. says. LEMS "There were some big and well-publicized "But in the shadow of City Hall I saw sex-abuse cases in the last few years, and black people still living in slums, still suffer­ they got the liability insurers looking hard ing from ill housing and empty stomachs. HON. JAMES J. FLORIO at the day-care industry," said Lee Fel­ Downtown I met blacks of the expanding OF NEW JERSEY binger, director of insurance information middle class. In the shadows of downtown I IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for the Insurance Federation of Pennsylva­ nia. observed a growing underclass. Monday, December 16, 1985 In Birmingham everything has changed, In particular, he said, the arrest last year but nothing has changed." Mr. FLORIO. Mr. Speaker, I am insert­ of seven workers at a respected day-care ing in the R_ECORD a revealing article from center in Manhattan Beach, Calif., on The NAACP emphasis on legal rights is charges of molestering children-charges the key to equity for blacks in the United the Philadelphia Inquirer regarding the that have spawned numerous lawsuits­ States," says Benjamin L. Hooks, executive crisis in the availability of insurance. A made the insurers very jumpy. director of the National Association for the number of troubling aspects of this prob­ "They began seriously asking, 'What do Advancement of Colored People . lem are described in the article. One of we have here in terms of a liability risk?' " also a minister, lawyer, and business entre­ these is the lack of relationship between Felbinger said. "They say huge exposure preneur. premium increases and the claims experi­ over a long time period in a very emotional Rosa Parks was the prototype of the new ence of insureds. This suggests that some­ area. And with juries giving the kinds of civil rights activist, he says. "She took direct thing more may be involved than rational verdicts and awards they are these days, action," he explained. "In retrospect her calculation of risks. As part of our inquiry Cthe companies] didn't like what they saw." action destroyed the framework of separate The result: Much of the day-care industry but equal. The whole cycle of Jim Crow had into the insurance crisis, my subcommittee is now either without liability insurance or to go." will continue to examine this issue, among is struggling to pay for rate increases of 100 The movement is not dead, he contends. others. If the country is to address this percent and more. "The scene of battle has shifted-to affirm­ troubling situation, there has to be a better "This is really a crisis for us," said Leon­ ative action in housing, jobs, and educa­ understanding of the causes of the prob­ ard Weeks, president of the Day Care Asso­ tion," he says. "And legally we must fight lem. ciation of Southeastern Pennsylvania. "The overall thrust will be to strain-and prob­ these battles case by case." LIABILITY INSURANCE: DILEMMA FOR DAY "I wish there were more courageous CARE ably reduce-the availability of quality day care. And all this for what certainly seems people like Rosa Parks today," says Joseph like a major overreaction." Delaney of Oxford, Miss., a community A letter came to Bunnie Longo of Aunt What makes this sudden crisis so galling worker and journalist. "Mississippi has more Bunnie's Family Day Care home in Fairless to local day-care leaders is that there have elected black officials than any other state, Hills last summer with some bad and con­ been no major child-abuse cases involving but they have no power to improve our fusing news: The liability insurance had day-care centers in this region. Further, quality of life. It's business as usual in this been canceled. nobody questioned knew of any child-abuse state." No reason was given. lawsuits against local day-care providers. Mississippi blacks are fighting a number As she soon learned from her insurance In fact, a recent survey of area providers of voting rights cases in court, he says. "I broker, the day-care center that she oper­ by the southeastern Pennsylvania associa­ don't think we've come very far. We're ates in her house-where she cares for 11 in­ tion concluded, "There seems to be no con­ losing ground through at-large elections, fants and toddlers-was hardly alone. The nection between claims against an agency gerrymandering, and our own naivet~. In liability insurance for all the other 49 mem­ and policy rates or rate increases." one community we let $10 bills influence bers of the Association of Bucks County This was based, in part, on the finding our vote." Day Care Providers had been canceled, too. that providers that made an insurance claim "Many good things have happened in Indeed, liability insurance for most of the and those that did not both had essentially Boston since 1955 as well as in the rest of nation's home day-care centers-where the same cancellation experience: Fifteen the country," says Jack E. Robinson, presi­ three to 12 children are cared for in a resi­ percent of those agencies whose insurance dent of the Boston NAACP. "Boston has a dence-had been canceled, according to offi­ was canceled had made some sort of claim in black superintendent of schools. Blacks cials of day-care associations. the last five years, and 13 percent of the have been promoted in the police and fire Longo, like hundreds of other daycare providers whose policies were not canceled providers, began a frantic search for new li­ had made claims during the same period. departments, but our youth still can't find ability insurance, which protects day-care "There seems to be a real arbitrariness to jobs here. Affordable housing is hard to owners and workers in case of lawsuits. Five it all," said Weeks, who conducted the find." months later, she still has no liability cover­ survey. "Some people find new insurers at a "One person, a black woman, made a dif­ age. high, but not astromonical, rate; others ference in the dark days of Jim Crow," said "I was paying under $100 a year before, with the same kind of track record can't Dorothy Height, president of the National but now all I can find is liability insurance find anything at all." Council of Negro Women. "Because of Rosa for about $1,600," she said. "I can't possibly In an effort to minimize the arbitrariness, Parks, we struck down segregation as a afford that, so now I'm uncovered-most of at least, the Insurance ,Federation of Penn­ system. We have the legislation, but not the us still are. And it's a very scary thing. sylvania has been meeting for some time enforcement. Today, we face a more diffi­ "Already, people are talking about getting with the state insurance commissioner and cult hour. We need the vigor of individuals out of the day care because of this. And I'm is expected to announce a plan soon for and organizations to create a new impact." sure, if it goes on, they will." easing the liability crisis. The plan will Mrs. Parks, the "mother" of the 1960s The economic forces that led to the can­ focus particularly on day-care centers and "movement," crisscrosses the nation encour­ cellation of Bunnie Longo's liability insur­ other operations, such as taverns, that re­ aging young people and students to wage ance are, by all accounts, complex and cently have faced dramatic rate increases. the war for civil rights. She works as a re­ hardly limited to day-care providers. There is general agreement, however, that ceptionist in the Detroit office of US Rep. Insurance industry officials said that li­ the plan will address greater availability John Conyers of Michigan. She moved ability insurers in Pennsylvania also are rather than lower prices. to Detroit in 1957 after the US Supreme pulling back from many other kinds of cov­ Before July, much of the day-care liability erage-they are seldom writing policies any insurance in the Philadelphia area was pro­ Court outlawed racial segregation on public more for tavern owners, for municipalities, vided by a California-based firm, the Mis­ transportation in her appeal of Montgom­ for ice-skating rinks. This is part of a na­ sion Insurance Co. Mission was especially ery's $14 fine. tionwide retrenchment in the liability insur­ important in the home day-care area­ ance business, following several years of se­ Bunnie Longo had been insured by Mission, rious financial losses, they said. as had all those in her Bucks County asso­ Day-care providers, expecially those who ciation. The company wrote between 12,000 care for children in their houses, are among and 20,000 such policies nationwide. the hardest hit. And as those familiar with According to Timothy Leach, assistant the situation tell it, the main reason for the general counsel for Mission, the company withdrawal of insurance companies from was forced out of the day-care insurance day care if fear of potential lawsuits stem- business because its reinsurers-the compa-

51-059 0-87-30 (Pt. 26) 36770 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985 nies that, in effect, insure Mission-refused "You have to think, 'Oh, if this or that made clear repeatedly-Hungary in 1956, to reinsure for day care. The company happens, what will the parent think?' " she Czechoslovakia in 1968, Poland in 1981-it learned of this refusal early in the year, said. "I don't think it has really changed will not tolerate challenges to communist Leach said, and tried to find new reinsurers how kids are cared for yet-how involved rule. Each of these times we protested vigor­ for some time. More than 25 reinsurers, he the workers will get. But in time, it certain­ ously but did not judge it in our interest to said, turned the firm down. ly might." confront the Soviets on turf so far from us "The reinsurers never specifically said and so near and important to them. why they wanted out of day care," Leach Deviations in Eastern Europe from the said. "But I personally wouldn't be sur­ RETHINKING U.S. POLICY IN Soviet line, ironically, have taken place not prised if child abuse, and fears about abuse EASTERN EUROPE through rebellion but through the assertion lawsuits, played a large part." of nationalist policies by communists se­ For the day-care providers, the conse­ HON. DAVID R. OBEY curely in power. Yugoslavia and Albania de­ quences of this retrenchment in the liability fected from the Soviet Bloc, and since the insurance industry have been many, and OF WISCONSIN 1960s Romania in foreign affairs and Hun­ sometimes unexpected. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gary in domestic affairs have steadily tested Day-care centers, for instance, cannot be Monday, December 16, 1985 and stretched the limits of acceptable bloc licensed by the state unless they have liabil­ behavior. ity insurance. By now, most of the larger Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, my good friend Eastern Europe is now at a critical junc­ centers have found new-though expen­ and colleague, LEE HAMILTON, has recently ture. During years of aged and indecisive sive-coverage, bus some smaller centers written an insightful article for the Wall leadership in Moscow, more independent and home-care providers have not. Thus far, Street Journal on U.S. policies in Eastern economic and political trends emerged in state officials have not revoked any licenses Europe. Eastern Europe. Mr. Gorbachev is now pres­ because of this, but the centers are not in From his perspective as chairman of the sured to seek conformity. He wants to cut compliance. Europe and Middle East Subcommittee of trade subsidies to Eastern Europe and enlist Many day-care officials fear that the in­ the House Foreign Affairs Committee, Mr. capital from the bloc for Soviet energy and surance crisis will cause more providers to HAMILTON has a unique understanding of transportation projects, a strategy that con­ go "underground"-decide not to seek state flicts with the Soviets' other policy goal of licenses or to meet state standards. this important foreign policy matter and political stability in Eastern Europe. Every "Some will certainly forget the insurance, offers suggestions that merit serious con­ government in Eastern Europe knows that and nobody will know they're out there any­ sideration. stable party rule depends upon the improve­ more," said Sandra Gellert of Delaware For those concerned with the people of ment of living standards. As Hungary, East County, who is president of the National As­ Eastern Europe and the long-range inter­ Germany and even Bulgaria explore eco­ sociation for Family Day Care. "They'll ests of the United States, Mr. HAMILTON'S nomic reform and trade openings to the have a false sense of security-until some­ balanced and prudent views will be refresh­ West, we should encourage this slow and thing goes wrong and they get sued." ing. I recommend this article to my col­ sometimes even stealthy evolution in their Many home day-care centers also have leagues. policies. As they increase economic ties with been notified that with the loss of their li­ the West, they will become less beholden to ability insurance, their homeowner's poli­ THE CASE FOR SPECIAL CASES IN EASTERN the Soviets and more receptive to our con­ cies were being revoked, too. According to BLOC cerns, including human rights. Felbinger of the Insurance Federation, the U.S. policy of differentiation does pose writers of the homeowner's policies fear U.S. policy toward Eastern Europe is difficult choices. Romania's internal stabili­ they will have to pay for injuries and dam­ under attack for being too easy on commu­ ty is precarious and it has adopted many re­ ages that would have been covered by the nists governments. Some critics want to pressive, neo-Stalinist policies, but in ac­ day-care liability insurance. cancel most-favored-nation trading cordance with the Jackson-Vanik amend­ So many home day-care providers in status for Romania, charging that Roma­ ment it has allowed the emigration of Washington state lost their home-owner's nia's foreign-policy independence is over­ 150,000 of its citizens to West Germany, insurance last summer after their liability stated. Some also attack U.S. policy on the Israel and the U.S. since it received MFN insurance was canceled that the state legis­ basis of human rights. Romania has the trading status in 1975. Romania openly cri­ lature felt forced to take action. It passed a worst human-rights record in Eastern tized Soviet military intervention in Eastern bill making the practice illegal. Europe, and the imprisonment of Polish po­ Europe, does not permit Warsaw Pact The most common offshoot of the insur­ litical activists has led to calls not only for troops to hold maneuvers on its territory, ance crisis, however, seems to be a freezing the continuation of U.S. sanctions against and is the only communist country with full of staff salaries and benefits in the day-care Poland but additional punitive measures. diplomatic ties to Israel. While we should industry-an industry already known for its These arguments, taken together, are press human-rights issues when dealing low salaries. pushing U.S. policy toward treating all of with the Romanians, blocking MFN could At the Red Lion Day Care Center in Eastern Europe as we do the Soviet Union affect future emigration levels. Northeast Philadelphia, where liability and its ideological shadow, Czechoslovakia. In East Germany, the U.S. faces one of rates this sum.mer went from $500 to $1,800 This is a mistake. Moscow's closest allies. Yet today there may a year, substitute teachers are no longer Our paramount interests in Europe since be a basis for settlement of U.S. and Jewish hired. When substitutes are needed, the di­ 1945 have been stability and the protection World War II claims and of several human­ rector and other administrators now fill in of Western Europe against communists ag­ rights cases in exchange for some modest in­ as a way to save money. gression. When governments in Eastern creases in trade. "This is just not the kind of business Europe distance themselves from Soviet for­ Elsewhere, differentiation might mandate where you can quickly raise the tuition for eign policy, pursue liberal economic reform changes in U.S. policy toward Poland. Right parents," said director Shirley Schwartz. or improve their human rights record, they now, the U.S. treats Poland more harshly Perhaps the most troubling change being plant a double in Moscow about their politi­ than it does the U.S.S.R. President Reagan brought on by the liability situation in­ cal reliability, which can enhance U.S. inter­ met with Chairman Gorbachev, but the U.S. volves the fear that children or their par­ ests. The U.S. has often responded positive­ shuns high-level contacts with the Jaru­ ents might misinterpret routine or innocu­ ly to such developments with the modest zelski government. The U.S. stopped its ous actions by day-care workers. tools available-increased high-level diplo­ pipeline sanctions and grain embargo According to Fred Citron, president of the matic contacts, MFN status, Ex-Im Bank against the Soviet Union, but has kept key Pennsylvania Child Care Association, at credit eligibility, cultural and scientific ex­ sanctions against Poland. least one insurance company has written change agreements, etc. Known as "differ­ Still holding about 265 political prisoners, into its liability policy a clause forbidding entation," this policy has been pursued Poland reneged on its July 1984 amnesty day-care workers from touching the genitals under various names by very administration agreement. But open circulation of publica­ of any child. since Eisenhower's and has proven value. tions critical of the government, and the "What this means," he said, "is that a Nonetheless, many see it as a failure; it ability of Catholics to practice their faith, worker can't clean up a child's pants, no hasn't broken up the Warsaw Pact nor indicate a freedom of expression unmatched matter how dirty it gets." brought human rights and democracy to in Eastern Europe. The Jaruzelski govern­ Gellert of the National Association of Eastern Europe, while providing these gov­ ment has blamed its failings on U.S. sanc­ Family Day Care said that, particularly for ernments legitimacy without tangible bene­ tions, an argument many Poles are begin­ those with no liability coverage, the fear of fits for the West. ning to believe. lawsuits is a constant factor in day care Some of these goals have never been Whatever their original merit, U.S. sanc­ now. within our reach. The Soviet Union has tions against Poland are now counter pro- December 16, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36771 ductive. It is time for better ties. Poland is Means Committee. It's a pretty good stab at he calls "the second American Revolution" current on its debt-rescheduling payments substantive reform. by persuading Republicans and Democrats and has paid more than $400 million to the Like President Reagan's tax-reform plan, alike that he hasn't deserted his troops and U.S. Treasury this year. Our influence over our bill cuts tax rates and abolishes many of that he wants to make his No. 1 domestic economic policies in Poland will be greater the tax loopholes that are keeping billions policy initiative a reality. if it is inside the IMF instead of out. Sus­ of dollars out of the U.S. Treasury. Overall For tax reform it's now or never. Either pension of MFN makes Poland more de­ we kept most of the President's initiatives we win the first battle in the revolution or pendent upon Soviet trade. Credits suspen­ intact. The big difference is that we were we keep the kings on their thrones for a sion is symbolic, since for economic reasons less generous to corporate and wealthy tax­ long time to come. Poland is unable to secure new credits. But payers. we should not block future credits if they Under our legislation, business will pick are tied to sensible projects or economic­ up a larger share of the tax burden than it GIVING THANKS FOR THE reform policies. has been paying for the last five years. And NONSUMMIT Immediate opportunities for the U.S. to individuals will pay less. We shift $141 bil­ wean Eastern Europe away from the Soviets lion away from the individual and make cor­ are few, but should act when we can. The porations pay about what they were paying HON. JIM COURTER price of providing legitimacy or modest eco­ back in 1980, before the President gave OF NEW JERSEY nomic benefits to communist governments is them a tax reduction. surely outweighed by the development of We accomplish this by setting up a tough IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES economic and political ties that contribute minimum corporate tax and by closing loop­ Monday, December 16, 1985 to their greater independence. Emotional holes that are allowing some corporations to satisfaction should not frustrate a sound pay no taxes at all. Mr. COURTER. Mr. Speaker, I would like policy of differentiation consistent with At the same time, by closing down some to direct my colleagues' attention to the long-term U.S. interests. tax shelters, we restore economic rationality following essay by John Podhoretz in In­ to investment practices in this country. We sight magazine, because it captures many put business on a level playing field so that of my own sentiments about the recent BOB MATSUI ON TAX REFORM: investment decisions are made on the basis Reagan-Gorbachev meeting. This meeting IT'S NOW OR NEVER of sound business practice, not on how was noteworthy, not only for what was ac­ much income they can shelter. complished, but for what was not given So if tax reform gets corporations to pay HON. FORTNEY H. (PETE) ST ARK taxes just like the secretaries and the clerks away. As Mr. Podhoretz points out, past 'OF CALIFORNIA who work for them, where do individual tax­ summits have achieved little that was posi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES payers stand? tive or substantive, and more often than not, they were followed by further demon­ Monday, December 16, 1985 Under our bill, we raised the personal ex­ emption and cut tax rates so that 88% of all strations of the unchanging Marxist-Lenin­ Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, our colleague Americans will either receive a tax reduc­ ist foreign policy of the Soviet Union. BOB MATSUI has done an excellent job in tion or pay about the same as they do now. While there is no telling at this point what helping to explain the unfairness of the On the average, middle-income taxpayers international outrage will follow this present Tax Code and the urgent need for will receive about a 10% tax cut and 6 mil­ lion of the low-income working poor will be recent meeting, we should all be thankful the Ways and Means Committee's tax totally exempt from the tax rolls. that expectations were kept relatively low reform bill, H.R. 3838. As far as deductions are concerned, the and President Reagan returned with the I would like to include in the RECORD at Ways and Means Committee bill retains the SDI Program more or less intact. Given the this point Representative MATSUI'S excel­ major reductions that most Americans history of such meetings, this result was no lent op ed piece in the Los Angeles Times, depend on. We kept the state and local tax small feat. deduction, which the President would have entitled "Despite Scuffling, Tax Bill is GIVING THANKS FOR THE NONSUMMIT Badly Needed." eliminated, and also charitable deductions and the tax-free status of fringe benefits CBy John Podhoretz> DESPITE SCUFFLING, TAX BILL Is BADLY such as company-paid health insurance. The Sesame Street summit may well NEEDED The result is a bill that I think is fairer prove the most important in the htltory of CBy Robert T. Matsui> and better than the current tax code. It U.S.-Soviet relations. Why? Because nothing The fight for tax reform has always been may not be perfect, and I admit that it's not of significance happened. If Ronald Reagan an uphill battle, and the procedural setback much simpler. But, as a result of this bill, a has done nothing else, he has changed the in the House of Representatives on Wednes­ whole lot more low- and middle-income rules of summitry to the immense advan­ day certainly proved that. But aside from Americans will be enjoying more of the tage of the United States. all the fingerpointing and party politics, fruits of their own labor. Once upon a time, a few years ago, let's not lose sight of the fact that we really Not surprisingly, a small army of special Reagan said that summits, even just "get­ do need to overhaul the tax code. interests opposes this bill. I have personally acquainted" summits, were dangerous. Last year about 3,000 millionaires didn't met with hundreds of lobbyists who predict His reasoning was sound: The pressures pay a dime in U.S. income taxes. Half of the nothing short of Armageddon if this bill is from all sides on an American president to largest and most profitable corporations in passed. make a deal are profound. the country paid no taxes in at least one of However, that's not to say that business as The Soviets, by contrast, make deals not the last four years, and some of them even a whole opposes our tax package. Big names in the name of abstract peace but when got money back from the government. like General Motors, IBM and hundreds they have something specific and concrete That's what I call legalized tax evasion. more support it and say that it will improve to gain. This puts them ever at the advan­ Wealthy individuals and corporations are the climate of business production in this tage in bargaining with us. We tend to bar­ milking the loopholes in the tax code to country. gain not only in good faith but with good avoid paying taxes, and the lion's share of In many cases those who oppose the bill faith. That is to our credit as a people but the cost of government is falling squarely are the ones who are most interested in pre­ to our discredit as grown-ups in the interna­ onto the backs of middle- and low-income serving their own tax breaks. If you lump tional world. taxpayers. together all the businesses that oppose tax Reagan found his way around the prob­ That's not fair. The average taxpayer reform their combined average tax rate is lem: He turned the meeting into what he knows that he's being taken for a ride. about 4 percent. They know which side of himself called a "fireside summit," conjur­ But at the first mention of the words tax the bread is buttered. ing up memories of Franklin D. Roosevelt's reform, millions of eyes glaze over. People These are the people who are lobbying soothing but insubstantial chats with the are skeptical of empty promises to make the members of Congress at this very moment nation during the Depression. tax system fairer. Both the President and to vote against tax reform. And, if they suc­ By working to minimize the expectations Congress have been talking about tax ceed. The average American taxpayer won't of the American people, and by brilliant co­ reform for a full year now. When are we just lose now. He or she will lose for a long ordination of the photo opportunity, going to see some action? time to come, because this is our only shot Reagan simultaneously disarmed his critics The answer is: Now, Assuming that the at reforming the tax code. on the left and the right. procedural question is settled today, the In order to keep tax reform alive we need Critics on the left were at the ready to de­ House will finally have a chance to vote on bipartisan support in the House. We're nounce him for making agreement impossi­ the tax-reform bill written by the Ways and counting on the President to sustain what ble, while critics on the right feared he 36772 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985 would give away the store as Jimmy Carter though monstrous, because the Soviets act [The Philadelphia Inquirer, Dec. 3, 19851 did before him. from a position of the starkest self-interest, Collingswood Schools Fined on Asbestos Thus NBC's Marvin Kalb could say that in which their goal is not the promotion of Guide the summit was a success even though better relations with the West but the cre­ Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorba­ ation of a world order comfortable to them. chev still have "profound differences" on Which means uncomfortable, or worse, to Two years ago, the Collingswood school strategic and intercontinental missiles, us. And until they decolonize-until they district requested spare copies of the U.S. human rights and the Strategic Defense Ini­ change their character as a tyrannical gov­ Environmental Protection Agency's official tiative-everything, in short, that actually ernment, which cannot happen-we won't guide to asbestos removal, School Superin­ matters. have much of value to talk about. tendent Walter C. Ande says. The district Gorbachev will come to the United States, Which is why the Geneva meeting was was told the guide was out of print, accord­ and Reagan will go to Moscow; these, it possibly historic. Reagan has made the ing to Ande. seems, are the successes of the summit. This meaningless summit a reality and has set a Now the EPA is fining Collingswood is meaningful? precedent that others may follow. You don't $2,000-for failing to obtain a copy of the Meaningful enough. Americans dislike the have to give away the store. two-part guide for the district's junior high Cold War and are utopians; give us a chance Big Bird may suffice. school. to imagine that there is lasting solution to a "The situation would be almost humorous painful problem, and we will grab at it. if it were not so serious," complained Rep. The United States is the nation born James J. Florio CD., N.J.> who fired off a during the Enlightenment: when reason was EPA MISMANAGEMENT OF ITS letter yesterday to EPA Administrator Lee thought to be the means by which we would ASBESTOS PROGRAM M. Thomas complaining about the Collings­ be set free. wood fine. Florio, who criticized the EPA We believe in reason even as we act from last month for failing to make information emotion. We cannot imagine that the Sovi­ HON. JAMES J. FLORIO available to districts with asbestos problems, ets would disagree with our aims to promote OF NEW JERSEY asked Thomas to suspend the penalty until freedom and live in peace. After all, these the agency can double-check the violation. aims are so reasonable. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Ande said yesterday that the school dis­ The Soviets, however, do disagree. Consid­ Monday, December 16, 1985 trict in Camden County had asked the EPA er the history of the summits-which, after "on six or seven occasions," in telephone all, are intended to relax tensions and pro­ Mr. FLORIO. Mr. Speaker, last month I conversations and by mail, for copies of the vide peaceful solutions to world problems. obtained audits prepared by the Environ­ guide, called "Asbestos Containing Materi­ Following the summits at Yalta, Postdam mental Protection Agency [EPA] inspector als in Schools: A Guidance Document, Parts and Tehran, the Soviets were so reasonable general which contained serious criticism I and II." No copies ever arrived, he said. that they crushed democracy in Eastern On April 18, two EPA investigators Europe and tried to take Greece, Iran and of EPA's asbestos-in-schools program. The making a routine inspection of Collings­ Berlin for themselves. audits documented a consistent pattern of wood's asbestos removal program discovered The 1955 Spirit of Geneva summit was fol­ lax inspections and enforcement proce­ the guide's absence from the file in the lowed a year later by spirited Soviet tanks dures and failures to distribute EPA guide­ junior high school where asbestos has been rolling over the Hungarians in revolt ance material. Although the audits were found. EPA regulations require schools to against communist tyranny. completed in only four regions, I was con­ keep a copy of the guide and related docu­ The 1961 Vienna summit was followed by cerned that similar findings could be made ments on file in any buildings contaminated the peaceful construction of the Berlin Wall with asbestos. and the reasonable installation of missiles throughout the country. Unfortunately, my The district, in fact, owns a copy of the in the Soviet client state of Cuba. fears have been justified. guide, Ande said. But because there weren't The 1967 meeting in Glassboro, N.J., was Two weeks ago, school officials from a enough to go around for each of its five ele· followed a year later by the now-familiar district in New Jersey contacted me regard­ mentary schools, junior high and high Soviet tanks rolling over Czechoslovakia as ing a fine their district received from EPA. school, the master copy was stored in the spiritedly as they had rolled over Hungary. The school district was fined for not having school board office. A photocopy of the The 1972 summit was followed by relaxed guide's cover was placed in the junior high's brinkmanship during the Yorn Kippur War. documents that EPA failed to provide to asbestos case file with a note indicating the The same year the 1975 Helsinki Accords the district. Specifically, the school district location of the original. were signed, the Soviets reasonably directed was fined for not having copies of EPA's James C. Woods, the EPA staff attorney the Cubans to install 25,000 troops in asbestos information booklets in one of the for the region including New Jersey, said Angola. district's school buildings. However, the that "no note was found in the file by our In 1979 Leonid Brezhnev waited a peacea­ school officials made repeated attempts to inspector." In any event, he argued, "they ble six months after SALT II with Jimmy obtain the booklets from EPA only to be could have Xeroxed the document from Carter before invading Afghanistan with their other file." 100,000 troops. told that they were out of print. Ande said the district considered doing This is not to mention the kinds of deals Furthermore, EPA Assistant Administra­ that but felt it would be a waste of money we have struck with them at the summits tor for Pesticides and Toxic Substances, to photocopy the entire 70-page guide. themselves. At the 1972 summit, we signed John A Moore, last month admitted that The EPA notified Ande in October that 29 bilateral agreements with the Soviets on EPA "should have been more aggressive in the district was being fined $6,000 for the everything from wheat to Pepsi. getting information out" to school officials. missing guide. When the district protested The purpose was to bind the Soviets to us An estimated 15 million children attend that the guide had been unavailable for in a relationship that the political scientists some time, Ande said, the EPA agreed to call "complex interdependence." The Sovi­ school in buildings containing potentially reduce the penalty to $2,000. ets, Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger be­ deadly asbestos. I am greatly concerned "It's petty," said Florio. "Instead of lieved, would need us and the existing world about EPA's ability to protect our Nation's making the [asbestos removal] program rel­ order too much to destabilize it. schoolchildren and ensure that safety of evant, they're slapping fines on school dis­ Well, it you want to see Nixon and Kissin­ school employees from the hazards of as­ tricts." ger's monument, look around. bestos. Florio, who heads the House subcommit­ Count the bodies of Soviet-style social en­ tee on commerce, transportation and tour­ gineering and systematic elimination, from This latest incident reaffirms my concern ism, which oversees the EPA's hazardous­ the Vietnamese gulag and the tortured Af­ and suggests to me that forceful congres­ substance programs, last month made ghans to the government-engineered Ethio­ sional action may be the only way to push public a copy of an internal audit that con­ pian famine. EPA into positive action. To date, EPA's cluded that the federal asbestos-removal Count the bodies dead from terrorism, handling of the asbestos-in-schools problem program was hampered by excessive red whose germ was spread in the late 20th cen­ has been most disappointing. tape. Key documents explaining how to tury by the establishment of that Caltech I commend to my colleagues a recent, in­ remove asbestos, which can cause cancer and a fatal lung disease, were never sent to of political murder, Moscow's own Patrice formative article in the Philadelphia In­ Lumumba University. schools, the audit found. Destablizing? Without a doubt. A safer quirer which details the questionable logic "What we've been trying to point out," world? Not for us, but certainly for the Sovi­ behind the fine levied on the local New Florio said yesterday, "is that the whole ets. In fact, their behavior is reasonable, Jersey school district by the EPA. program is a colossal failure." New Jersey December 16, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36773 Assemblyman John A. Rocco In magazine, his article deflates six economic power for the rest of this century. fact, population problems are usually most and social myths. I commend this article to Without an open U.S. market in which to acute in countries that have state-dominat­ sell their goods, debtor nations would al­ ed economies. my colleagues because the first step toward ready have repudiated their loans. In the The real economic villains in the Third good public policy is to clear away the 1930's, debtor countries didn't have such a World are governments that have crippled myths and theoretical flaws of what passes market, and the whole world paid dearly for their farmers by making it illegal for them for conventional wisdom. it. to get a fair price for their output. In some I know my colleagues in Congress will Moreover, Japan and others that have a countries farmers must sell their produce to enjoy this thoughtful article by Malcolm trade surplus with us don't dump our money government boards, often far below market Forbes, Jr. into some black hole. It gets spent or rein­ prices. Nigeria, once a food exporter, has vested, much of it in the United States SIX ECONOMIC MYTHS done this-and now wonders why people thereby providing more Jobs for us. abandon the countryside and flood the 3. We should require companies to pay cities, and why it has become a major food 1. We must raise truces to reduce the defi­ workers what their jobs are worth-com­ importer. If people are permitted to be pro­ cit. pared with other Jobs. ductive, they usually will be, and the popu­ The worst response to the growing budget A number of women's-rights advocates are lation problem will be far less acute than deficit would be to raise taxes. Government pushing a doctrine called "comparable modem Malthusians would lead us to be­ revenues are not the problem; lately they've worth," which, if adopted by government lieve. been growing at a very healthy annual aver­ courts, would bring chaos to the U.S. labor 5. Illegal immigrants are taking our Jobs. age of more than ten percent. A substantial market. "Comparable worth" would lead to An important portion of this country's tax boost would hurt the economy by rais­ courts and government bureaucrats deciding prosperity is now dependent on illegal immi­ ing the price people would pay for being how much each category of employee in the grants, not Just for servicing hotels and res­ productive-for being successful. United States should be paid. taurants, but for more skilled Jobs in con­ Don't underestimate the potency of pros­ The doctrine holds that pay should be perity. From the 1981-82 recession to the equal for all Jobs that require "comparable struction-and computers as well. The sum.mer of 1984, when the Federal Reserve skill, efforts and responsibility." No one American Southwest would suffer a depres­ squeezed credit to slow down the "overheat­ would deny that male and female workers sion without these people. ing" economy, the government's net deficit should receive the equivalent wage in a simi­ In Silicon Valley, more than one-fifth of actually began to fall. lar Job category. But trying to compare the the workers are probably "undocumented." Now, however, the deficit is expanding be­ worth of one category of Job with another is Studies show that immigrants-legal and il­ cause the economy has stalled. Meanwhile, a different matter. legal-contribute far more to the economy federal spending continues to grow at a A Judge may think that two different Jobs than they take out. They pay taxes in heavy pace. are of equal value, but the free market may excess of what they get in government serv· The answer to Washington's red ink is ob­ not agree. There is, for example, a glut of ices. vious: tax reform combined with lower in­ English Ph.D.s. Few get university jobs; We formally admit about 500,000 immi­ terest rates to spur economic growth, and they receive very low pay. Computer-soft­ grants a year. A country of our population Presidential spending-vetoes to curb govern­ ware writers are in high demand. Should a and size could easily absorb two to three ment spending. Judge dictate that English Ph.D.s must times that number. If the estimates made 2. The trade deficit is bankrupting our henceforth receive as much as the program­ by experts on the number of illegal aliens future. mers because they are "better" educated? entering this country every year are to be Contrary to what numerous economists In the state of Washington, wage scales of believed, we are currently coping with that and politicians seem to think, most of us state employees are not out of line with number of immigrants anyWay. would be considerably poorer if we weren't those in the private sector. Yet a federal We also ought to make it easier for em­ running a large trade deficit. A trade deficit Judge ruled that certain Job categories ployers to hire foreign workers for a fixed can be a sign a country is growing vigorous­ where women predominated were receiving period of time. Their earnings would help ly. too little by the lights of "comparable ease the plight of families in Mexico and For nearly a century after gaining inde­ worth." He ordered the state to pony up elsewhere while not having them become pendence, the United States routinely im- several hundred million dollars in back pay. permanent residents here. 36774 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985 6. Our government should learn from can be encouraged among the Spanish· people would say,'The Peace Corps? Is that Japan and start controlling industrial speaking and retired populations in south still around?' Way too many people are still policy. · Florida. asking that, but not as many." President Reagan understands the true With its more pragmatic and specialized catalyst of the Japanese economic miracle I am sure that my colleagues join in con­ gratulating the Peace Corps for the 25 approach, the corps has branched into more better than most. Asked whether the U.S. sophisticated long-term projects in the 61 government should have a national plan for years of opportunities for service it has countries that now host 6,000 volunteers. our high-tech efforts a la the Japanese, the provided for nearly 100,000 Americans. The aim is still to improve life in developing President said: "Well, no, I know there has The foil owing article, which appeared in countries, but there is a greater emphasis on been a great deal of talk about the govern­ the December 9 Miami Herald, describes helping people help themselves, Ruppe said. ment-business relationship in Japan. I think the Miami symposium: one of their greatest advantages is the much "We're doing a lot more in the 1980s of higher personal-savings rate of the Japa­ PEACE CORPS AT 25 RECOVERS ITS VIGOR training trainers and teaching teachers," nese people over ours, and the pool of cap­ Ruppe said. A program that introduced ital that they've got for investment." When Roosevelt Thomas joined the Peace macadamia nut trees to Costa Rico half a What is the source of the Japanese phe­ Corps in 1967 and flew to Kenya to super­ dozen years ago has created an industry nomenon? Three decades ago the Japanese vise the planting and harvesting of wheat, that will have a wholesale value of $18 mil­ government cut income taxes along the he was a 21-year-old jack of all trades, fresh lion this year, she said. lines of Reagan's 1981 reductions: levies on out of college, who "had never seen wheat "We can show that six or seven or 10 dividends and interest were virtually elimi­ before in my life and didn't know diddley years later, countries are able to have more nated. Additional tax cuts were enacted over squat about it." jobs for their people, and income for the the next 25 years. When Barbara H. Smith joined in 1983, little people, which is so important," Ruppe The Bank of Japan, unlike our Federal she was a grandmother who had a long said. "Our volunteers know they're not Reserve in 1981-82, didn't respond to its career as a librarian behind her, sent to Ja­ going to change the world, but they want to government's tax reductions with a cata­ maica and Barbados to put her skills to use change a little piece of it." strophic tightening of credit that would setting up government libraries. Ruppe is working to increase the number have mitigated their beneficial effects. The The Peace Corps that John F. Kennedy of volunteers to 10,000 by the year 1990. United States, on the other hand, was capti­ first proposed in a middle-of-the-night She also helped open a recruiting office in vated after World War II by the Keynesian speech in 1960 is still promoting world peace Miami to capitalize on the large numbers of notion, born of the Depression, that saving and friendship, but in 25 years, it's seen minorities and retirees in South Florida. money was not good for the economy. Put­ some changes. She has visited 44 countries served by the ting aside a portion of one's income in a "Our volunteers are definitely older. Our bank or a bond or a stock was "sterilizing median age is now 30, where in the 1960s it Peace Corps. purchasing power." was around 23," says Loret Miller Ruppe, The corps' budget is up to $130 million That's why we got absurdly high tax rates the current director. "Our volunteers tend this year, though Ruppe is the first to tell on personal income. To prevent income to be more skilled, as opposed to the early you that's a drop in the bucket in the grand earners from letting too much of their days when many of them just had general scheme of things. money go into savings, government would skills." "It's shown you can get more bang for the take it away via the income tax and spend it Ruppe-along with Thomas, Smith and buck out of the Peace Corps than anything for them, thus preventing economic stagna­ other former volunteers-will be on hand else we do," she said. "These people don't tion. today for a daylong symposium at the Uni­ just help other countries: they come back to The losers of World War II grasped the versity of Miami honoring the Peace Corps' be better citizens of their own country in a silliness of such thinking more than its win­ 25th anniversary. It is the fourth in a series world that is interdependent." ners did. Keynesian notions were least influ­ of coast-to-coast public seminars on interna­ Sherri Porcelain, 32, is now a doctoral stu­ ential in Japan and Germany, and strongest tional development the organization is spon­ dent in international health at the Universi­ in the United Kingdom and the United soring. ty of Miami. She went to Colombia in the States. The level of savings in Germany and Since 1960, the Peace Corps has grown, late 1970s to help women and children who Japan has been high, while we and our Brit­ stumbled and begun to rise again. It has walked the streets of Bogota. Though she ish cousins are routinely at the bottom sent 120,000 volunteers-including 2,250 had to leave when the political climate among industrial nations in tpis category. from Florida-to more than 90 countries. turned violent, the program she worked somehow managing to retain its optimism with is still going strong. and purpose through some difficult years. MIAMI SYMPOSIUM HONORS "You go down there with the aspiration of On a rainy night in October 1960, presi­ curing the world, and you really can't PEACE CORPS 25TH ANNIVER­ dential candidate Kennedy arrived, exhaust­ SARY ed, at the University of Michigan campus in expect to do that," Porcelain said. "I don't Ann Arbor at 2 a.m. He asked the crowd of think I did that. I went down for an educa­ young campaign supporters if they might be tional experience. I probably gained more HON. DANTE B. FASCELL willing to spend part of their lives doing than I was able to offer, though when I look OF FLORIDA good works abroad. back on my program it's still growing, and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES By March of the following year, President being copied by other countries and other Monday, December 16, 1985 Kennedy had signed the executive order places." creating the Peace Corps. No matter how much the Peace Corps has Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, the 25th an· The number of volunteers in the program changed, the vision of recent graduates of niversary year of the founding of the Peace peaked,at 15,550 in 1966, when idealism was the program is not far from the idealistic Corps is being observed with a series of the catchword of the day. But as the Viet­ vision of its earlier volunteers. symposiums recognizing the role the Peace nam war dragged on, some saw the Peace To Barbara Smith, who finished her stint Corps has played in providing grassroots, Corps as a refuge for draft-dodgers, and last May and now lives in Coral Gables, "it people-to-people assistance for the last others accused it of being a political ploy was absolutely fascinating." quarter of a century. These sessions, orga­ and a front for the CIA. Funding was cut, To Roosevelt Thomas, now the assistant the number of volunteers fell, and the corps vice presient for personnel and affirmative nized around the country by returned was absorbed into an umbrella organization Peace Corps volunteers, World Affairs action at the University of Miami, the expe­ called ACTION. rience in Kenya in the late 1960s "was the Councils, and local universities are reach· In 1981, when President Reagan appoint­ best experience one can possibly have." ing out to a diverse mix of people to ob· ed Ruppe, the wife of former six-term "It's the people and the culture," he said. serve this important anniversary by consid· Michigan Congeressman Philip Ruppe, "All the volunteers I've talked to say we, as ering the issues involved in "The U.S. Part· membership had fallen to about 5,000. Since volunteers, got far more out of the experi­ nership in the Developing World." then, things have improved. The program has become more visible ence than we gave. I am pleased to report that one of these through its famine relief efforts in Africa. "The hospitality has been unmatched by conferences took place earlier this week at Funding and recruitment are up noticeably, anything I've ever experienced. They invit­ the University of Miami. At that time, but Ruppe wants more. ed you into their homes and killed their last Loret Ruppe, Director of the Peace Corps, "People are finally hearing about the chicken for you. . . . It's absolutely mind­ also opened a recruitment office in Miami, Peace Corps again," she said in a telephone blowing." with the hope that increased recruitment interview. "When I was appointed in 1981, December 16, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36775 THE CASE FOR SPECIAL CASES economic and political trends emerged in tribute to their greater independence. Emo­ IN THE EASTERN BLOC Eastern Europe, Mr. Gorbachev is now pres­ tional satisfaction should not frustrate a sured to seek conformity. He wants to cut sound policy of differentiation consistent trade subsidies to Eastern Europe and enlist with long-term U.S. interests. HON. LEE H. HAMILTON capital from the block for Soviet energy and OF INDIANA transportation projects, a strategy that con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES flicts with the Soviets' other policy goal of AS FREE-TRADE BASTION, Monday, December 16, 1985 political stability in Eastern Europe. Every UNITED STATES ISN'T HALF AS government in Eastern Europe knows that PURE AS MANY PEOPLE THINK Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, on De­ stable party rule depends upon the improve­ cember 5 my observations on relations be­ ment of living standards. As Hungary, East tween the United States and the nations of Germany and even Bulgaria explore eco­ HON. PHILIP M. CRANE Eastern Europe were published in the Wall nomic reform and trade openings to the OF ILLINOIS Street Journal. I ask that they be inserted West, we should encourage this slow and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in the RECORD. sometimes even stealthy evolution in their policies. As they increase economic ties with Monday, December 16, 1985 The article follows: the West, they will become less beholden to Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, a very popular THE CASE FOR SPECIAL CASES IN EASTERN the Soviets and more receptive to our con­ sentiment in response to the negative U.S. BLOC cerns, including human rights. trading position is that America is the only U.S. policy of differentiation does pose difficult choices. Romania's internal stabili­ country that follows a doctrine of free U.S. policy toward Eastern Europe is trade. Foreign countries are not playing by under attack for being too easy on commu­ ty is precarious and it has adopted many re­ nist governments. Some critics want to presssive, neo-Stalinist policies, but in ac­ the "rules of free trade," therefore, the cancel most-favored-nation trading cordance with the Jackson-Vanik amend­ United States should "level the playing status for Romania, charging that Roma­ ment it has allowed the emigration of field" through the use of restrictive quotas nia's foreign-policy independence is over­ 150,000 of its citizens to West Germany, and tariffs. This view is not only unfound­ stated. Some also attack U.S. policy on the Israel and the U.S. Since it received MFN ed, but threatens the future of the entire basis of human rights. Romania has the trading status in 1975. Romania openly cri­ world trading system. tized Soviet military intervention in Eastern worst human-rights record in Eastern During the recent floor debates on the Europe, and the imprisonment of Polish po­ Europe, does not permit Warsaw Pact litical activists has led to calls not only for troops to hold maneuvers on its territory, textile and apparel bill, I repeatedly heard the continuation of U.S. sanctions against and is the only communist country with full the proponents of the legislation say that Poland but additional punitive measures. diplomatic ties to Israel. While we should the United States can't continue to leave These arguments, taken together, are press human-rights issues when dealing it's markets open to import penetration, pushing U.S. policy toward treating all of with the Romanians, blocking MFN could while foreign markets remain closed to Eastern Europe as we do the Soviet Union affect future emigration levels. U.S. products. Although the domestic tex­ and its ideological shadow, Czechoslovakia. In East Germany, the U.S. faces one of tile and apparel industry remains one of This is a mistake. Moscow's closest allies. Yet today there may Our paramount interests in Europe since be a basis for settlement of U.S. and Jewish the most highly protected sectors within 1945 have been stability and the protection World War II claims and of several human­ our economy, this legislation seeks addi­ of Western Europe against communist ag­ rights cases in exchange for some modest in­ tional restrictions on imports. Interesting­ gression. When governments in Eastern creases in trade. ly, Hong Kong, which does not impose any Europe distance themselves from Soviet for­ Elsewhere, differentiation might mandate duties, tariffs, or quotas of any kind of eign policy, pursue liberal economic reform changes in U.S. policy toward Poland. Right American imports, would be particularly or improve their human rights record, they now, the U.s. treats Poland more harshly hard hit by this textile legislation. How is it plant a doubt in Moscow about their politi­ than it does the U.S.S.R. President Reagan that we can criticize our foreign trading cal reliability, which can enhance U.S. inter­ met with Chairman Gorbachev, but the U.S. ests. The U.S. has often responded positive­ shuns high-level contacts with the Jaru­ partners for not "playing by the rules,'' ly to such developments with the modest zelski government. The U.S. stopped its when the United States is guilty of protec­ tools available-increased high-level diplo­ pipeline sanctions and grain embargo tionsim and discrimination as well? matic contacts, MFN status, Ex-Im Bank against the Soviet Union, but has kept key In the following article by Alan Murray, credit eligibility, cultural and scientific ex­ sanctions against Poland. he cites numerous examples of American change agreements, etc. Known as "differ­ Still holding about 265 political prisoners, protectionism ranging from sugar, to entiation," this policy has been pursued Poland reneged on its July 1984 amnesty books, to chemicals, to steel. He asserts under various names by every administra­ agreement. But open circulation of publica­ that although traditional barriers such as tion since Eisenhower's, and has proven tions critical of the government, and the value. Nonetheless, many see it as a failure; ability of Catholics to practice their faith, tariffs have been largely replaced by quotas it hasn't broken up the Warsaw Pact nor indicate a freedom of expression unmatched and voluntary restraints, the U.S. consumer brought human rights and democracy to in Eastern Europe. The Jaruzelski govern­ still has to bear the burden of protection­ Eastern Europe, while providing those gov­ ment has blamed its failings on U.S. sanc­ ism. ernments legitimacy without tangible bene­ tions, an argument many Poles are begin­ The United States might not be guilty of fits for the West. ning to believe. protecting domestic markets to the extent Some of these goals have never been Whatever their original merit, U.S. sanc­ of most of it's major trading partners, but within our reach. The Soviet Union has tions against Poland are now counter-pro­ until we eliminate our barriers, it is indeed made clear repeatedly-Hungary in 1956, ductive. It is time for better ties. Poland is Czechoslovakia in 1968. Poland in 1981-it current on its debt-rescheduling payments hypocritical to preach what we don't prac­ will not tolerate challenges to communist and has paid more than $400 million to the tice. Before one laments over unfair trad­ rule. Each of those times we protested vigor­ U.S. Treasury this year. Our influence over ing practices, I would urge one to consider ously but did not judge it in our interest to economic policies in Poland will be greater the examples of U.S. protectionism con­ confront the Soviets on turf so far from us if it is inside the IMF instead of out. Sus­ tained in the following article. and so near and important to them. pension of MFN makes Poland more de­ CFrom the Wall Street Journal, Nov. 1, Deviations in Eastern Europe from the pendent upon Soviet trade. Credits suspen­ 1985] Soviet line, ironically, have taken place not sion is symbolic, since for economic reasons through rebellion but through the assertion Poland is unable to secure new credits. But NATIONAL DUTY-AS FREE-TRADE BASTION, of nationalist policies by communists se­ we should not block future credits if they U.S. ISN'T HALF AS PuRE As MANY PEOPLE curely in power. Yugoslavia and Albania de­ are tied to sensible projects or economic­ THINK fected from the Soviet Bloc, and since the reform policies. 1960s Romania in foreign affairs and Hun­ Immediate opportunities for the U.S. to In Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, a Canadian gary in domestic affairs have steadily tested wean Eastern Europe away from the Soviets shopper can buy a four-kilogram bag of and stretched the limits of acceptable bloc are few, but we should act when we can. white cane sugar at New Dominion Stores behavior. The price of providing legitimacy or modest Ltd. for about $1.50 . Eastern Europe is now at a critical junc­ economic benefits to communist govern­ But across the St. Marys River in Sault ture. During years of aged and indecisive ments is surely outweighed by the develop­ Ste. Marie, Mich., 10-pound bag <4.54 kilo­ leadership in Moscow, more independent ment of economic and political ties that con- grams} of the same sugar sells at Norden's 36776 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985 Foodland for $3.55, roughly double the Ca­ we have a lot of protectionism. We ought Walter Killough, the company's senior nadian price. not to be necessarily as selfrighteous as we vice president for merchandising, complains The reason is simple: protectionism. To are." that "the way quotas are administered now, support domestic sugar producers, the U.S. FOREIGNERS' VIEW it's almost as if the people just want to imposes stiff quotas on sugar imports, keep­ create problems for us." ing the domestic wholesale price far higher Not surprisingly, foreign officials agree than the world price. "It's a glaring discrep­ with Mr. Lawrence's assessment. Says Sir ECONOMIC IMPACT Roy Denman, head of the European Com­ Economists argue that such protectionist ancy," says Francis Mansfield, director of munities delegation in Washington: "The the Sault-area Chamber of Commerce. policies probably eliminate as many jobs in good Lord did not ordain that sin only start­ other parts of the economy as they save in The current congressional debate over­ ed east of Cap Code or west of Alaska." trade legislation rings with complaints that the protected industry. For one thing, when America's trade barriers impose large consumers must pay more for clothes, they the U.S. is the last bastion of unfettered costs on U.S. consumers. And while they international trade in a world of protection­ have less to spend on other items, leading to may save jobs in protected industries, econo­ less employment in other industries. Most ists. "The United States has permitted im­ mists say barriers reduce jobs elsewhere in ports to gush ashore freely while not de­ economists also believe that import restric­ the economy. As President Reagan pointed tions usually result in reduced U.S. exports. manding comparable access abroad," asserts out at a recent press conference, "No one Sen. Lloyd Bentsen, a Texas Democrat. "I happen to believe there are no jobs ever looks over their shoulder to see who saved in the economy as a whole" as a result AN ARRAY OF BARRIERS lost their job because of protectionism." of protectionist measures, says Mr. Law­ But the U.S. isn't the pure free-trader Clothing tariffs and quotas provide a dra­ rence of the Brookings Institution. Mr. Nis­ that many in Congress and business seem to matic example of the high costs of U.S. pro­ kanen of the Cato Institute agrees. "By and think. Sugar quotas are just one example of tectionism. During the 1970s, the U.S. nego­ large, the number of jobs in the economy is a large array of trade barriers the U.S. has tiated import quotas with all the major ap­ invariant to trade measures," he says. built to restict imports. High tariffs and parel-producing nations, and in 1983 those Some other imported products that are other restictions provide substantial protec­ quotas were tightened substantially. The protected by U.S. trade barriers: U.S. also has a tariff averaging 26% of the tion to producers of books, benzenoid Steel chemicals, ceramic tiles, canned tuna, value on all clothing imports. rubber footwear, steel, textiles, motorcyles, As a result, the cost of imported clothing The U.S. signed a quota agreement with peanut, dairy products and more. here is more than double what it would be if the European Communities in October 1982 Indeed, significant trade barriers cover the U.S. had no trade barriers, according to limiting steel imports. At about the same more than a quarter of all manufactured a recent study by the Federal Reserve Bank time, Japan initiated a system of "volun­ goods sold in the U.S. and cost American of New York. The study, which conserv­ tary" steel export restraint to avoid more­ consumers more than $50 billion a year, or atively assumes that trade barriers don't direct U.S. trade action. These measures $450 for every working man and woman, ac­ raise the price of domestically manufac­ substantially reduced European and Japa­ cording to Gary Hufbauer, a Georgetown tured clothes, estimates that consumers pay nese steel shipments to the U.S., but ship­ University professor, in a book to be pub­ a tax of as much as $12 billion a year to pro­ ments from developing countries soared in lished later this year. tect the U.S. textile industry. A more com­ their place. In September 1984, the U.S. "We probably do less" to block imports prehensive measurement, according to began negotiating more "voluntary" export than most of our major trading partners, Georgetown's Prof. Hufbauer, puts the restraints with other steel suppliers de­ Mr. Hufbauer says. "But we do a lot. We figure at $27 billion, or $42,000 for every job signed to limit total steel imports. The New certainly protect a heck of a lot more than saved. York Fed conservatively estimates that most congressmen say we do." Much of that money goes to foreign com­ these restraints cost consumers about $2 bil­ During most of the postwar period, the panies. Textile-producing nations receive lion a year by adding 5% to steel prices. import quotas to allocate to manufacturers. Book manu.tacturi.ng U.S. has been the world's leading force for Those quota rights are often auctioned off free trade. Under its leadership, worldwide among producers, and the cost of the quota The U.S. book printing industry is largely tariffs have been reduced sharply and trade shielded from foreign competition. To be el­ has boomed. Average U.S. tariffs have fallen is passed on to the American importer. igible for U.S. copyright protection, virtual­ from 50% of the imports' value in the days When demand is strong, the quotas guaran­ tee manufacturers who hold them a hefty ly all books and periodicals published in this of the Smoot-Hawley tariffs during the profit. country must also be printed and bound 1930s, to about 5% today; and European and here. According to Prof. Hufbauer, that re­ Japanese tariffs have been reduced to about Clothing quotas are particularly trouble­ striction costs consumers an estimated $500 the same level. some for those who sell imported apparel. Retailers say they can tolerate tariffs be­ million each year. "NEW PROTECTIONISM" cause they are predictable; but quotas Ceramic tiles But in recent years, the U.S. has been produce wide price fluctuations and some­ Makers of ceramic floor and wall tiles are caught up in the global trend toward.a "new times block imports altogether. protected by tariffs that average about 25% protectionsim," establishing quotas, "volun­ Spiegel Inc., for example, has encountered of the import value. The cost to consumers, tary" import restrictions and other barriers many problems since the Reagan adminis­ Mr. Hufbauer says, is about $116 million a rather than tariffs to shield its domestic in­ tration tightened quotas in 1983. Leo San­ year. dustries from foreign competition. By Mr. sone, the company's assistant vice president Peanuts Hufbauer's estimate, the percentage of U.S. for merchandising, recalls that last year the imports covered by protection has risen to catalog company arranged to buy wool To prevent imports from undermining its 21 % today from 8% in 1975. sweaters from Hong Kong at a time when peanut price support program, the govern­ "My sense is that on net, trade restraints sweater demand was expected to be light, ment has kept a strict quota on imported continued to drop through most of the and quota rights-which are auctioned off peanuts since 1953. The approximate 1970s," says William Niskanen, chairman of daily in Hong Kong-were selling at about annual cost to the consumer, according to the Cato Institute, a Washington think $1.50 per sweater. By the time the company Mr. Hufbauer's research: $170 million. tank. "But starting in the 1980s, the in­ decided to reorder more sweaters, strong Shipping crease in nontariff barriers has been greater demand had caused the quota price to soar The Jones Act, which dates back to the than the reduction in tariffs." to $6.50. As a result, Spiegel had to pay $18, 1920s, bars foreign ships from carrying pas­ The trend toward protectionism has accel­ including shipping and tariffs, for a sweater sengers or freight between any two U.S. erated in the last five years, thanks largely it had expected to cost only $10. ports. This protects coastal carriers from to the dollar's steep rise in vialue relative to Spiegel also recently had a shipment of lower-cost foreign shipping lines. other currencies. The strong dollar has en­ wool slacks from Taiwan confiscated by U.S. Rubber shoes couraged a flood of imports by making them officials, who said the shipment exceeded The U.S. rubber footwear industry is cheaper, increasing domestic industries' the island's quota for such slacks. The Tai­ shielded by high tariffs that in some cases demand for protection. Although the wanese manufacturer authorized the ship­ have changed little since the days of the Reagan administration claims to be vigor­ ment at the end of 1984, counting it against Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act of 1930. The cost ously opposed to trade barriers, it has found the 1984 quota. But U.S. Customs counted it to consumers: $230 million, Mr. Hufbauer it politically impossible to fully resist these against the 1985 quota, which it says has says. protectionist pressures. run out. As a result, says Terry Coyone, "I think it is probably true that we are Spiegel's import manager, "we have 150 Motorcycles less protectionist" than both Europe and dozen wool slacks that we've already paid In 1983 President Reagan imposed tempo­ Japan, says Rober Lawrence, a senior fellow for sitting in a bonded warehouse because rarily high tariffs, starting at 49.4%, on Jap­ at the Brookings Institution. Nonetheless, we can't get them through customs." anese motorcycles with engines exceeding December 16, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36777 700 cubic centimeters. Mr. Hufbauer esti­ Thus it was that the A.M. Best Co. caught For over 25 years, Ev Erlick guided ABC mates that the tariff, designed to protect up to what Melvin H. DeYoung has been from a fledgling corporation awash in red about 2,500 Harley-Davidson Motor Co. preaching for a decade and more: And that workers, cost consumers $104 million last is that small is beautiful when it comes to ink, through rough financial waters, ulti­ year. being a property/casualty insurance compa­ mately to the position where it was an at­ Trucks ny. tractive catch for Capital Cities. Foreign-manufactured light trucks face a Mr. DeYoung is retiring from his post as Ev Erlick also was a champion of many stiff 25% tariff when they cross U.S. bor­ president and chief executive officer of the bold policies for ABC. Erlick's unbending ders. The tariff prompted creation of the American Association of Insurance Services. adherence to the fairness doctrine and his Subaru "Brat," which escaped the tariff by The AAIS serves some 400 companies which would fit into Best's small- and contention that this important vehicle of putting bucket seats in the truck bed to free expression would not be dismantled by qualify as a car. medium-sized categories. Although the me­ diums-writing up to $100 million-are not administrative fiat, and only by congress­ Autos quite as well off as the smaller ones, they sional action. I have always admired him Under a "voluntary" agreement, Japan enjoy far better liquid positions than do the for his tenacity in holding onto that posi­ began restricting auto exports to the U.S. in majors. tion. April 1981. As a result, according to the New "The biggest problems our companies Most recently, Broadcasting Magazine York Fed, Japanese car export prices rose have at the present," Mr. DeYoung said re­ more than $2,000, and cost consumers an es­ cently, "is coping with the new business did a retrospective interview with Ev Erlick timated $4.5 billion in 1984. That restraint that is coming our way." on his retirement from ABC. I urge my col­ agreement formally expired last March, but His reference was to a current conflict be­ leagues to read the interview and get a most observers believe the Japanese contin­ tween the major property /casualty under­ closer look at what I consider to be a re­ ue to restrain auto exports to prevent a writers and the independent agents who flare-up of further protectionist pressure. markable individual. market their products. The article follows: As a result, many Japanese auto dealers in Virtually all of the major underwriters the U.S. continue to add as much as $2,000 have been cutting back on the business they IN RETROSPECT: THE ERLICK YEARS AT ABC or $3,000 in "additional dealer markup" do through independent agents. The under­ If there has been an eminence grise at onto the sticker price of the cars they sell. writers have been severing their contracts ABC during the past quarter century, his with the smalier of the agents, refusing to name was Everett Erlick-confidant to INSURANCE CRISIS: TORT PROB­ renew much commercial insurance sold Leonard Goldenson, party to all principal LEM OR MANAGEMENT PROB­ through agents and in some cases, canceling decisions, adviser and consenter to corpo­ LEM? liability insurance before the policies run rate strategy; this is the story of a personal out. past that serves as preface and prologue As a result, the agents are running to the For almost 25 years, Everett Erlick has HON. JAMES J. FLORIO member companies in the AAIS to market been a major factor in the development of OF NEW JERSEY commercial risks, including commercial, fire ABC, helping to nurture it from its days as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES general liability, commercial inland marine a fledgling corporation whose television net­ and burglary. work operations were awash in red ink to Monday, December 16, 1985 But, as Mr. DeYoung points out not all of one that a savvy Capital Cities Communica­ Mr. FLORIO. Mr. Speaker, some people the risks will find takers. tions Inc. is ready and eager to pay $3.5 bil­ place all the blame for the availability The smaller companies have achieved lion to acquire. It has been a long march, their stability, he said, by very, very con­ and Erlick is now ready to move on to other crisis in insurance on our judicial system. servative management principles. But as the following article from the Jour­ things. But in his career can be read the The AAIS companies, for example, took story of what it took one communications nal of Commerce shows, insurers who did no part in the price cutting war of the late not engage in cash flow underwriting are company to survive and prosper-determina­ 70s and early 80s, which proved so devastat­ tion in large measure, plenty of street doing all right today. This suggests that ing to the major companies who battled smarts and not a little luck. those who contend that the industry's diffi­ each other for the premium dollar. Erlick, who moved over to the then Ameri­ culties are as much or more a result of its The majors cut premium rates far lower than they should have in anticipation of can Broadcasting-Paramount Theaters from own practices as of the tort system, may Young & Rubicam in 1961 at the invation of have a point. In any event, that is an issue large investment income. Then, as high risk claims came due, the companies operating Leonard Goldenson, then AB-PT president, my subcommittee will explore in our cur­ income plummeted. talked of those things the other day in rent inquiry on this subject. Skeptical of the stability of investment ABC's Washington offices. He talked, too, of SMALLER P /C INSURERS BETTER OFF income for an underwriter, Mr. DeYoung his plans for the future: He will serve as a points out, the smaller companies did what consultant to the new Capcities/ABC and they were supposed to do. They underwrote become special counsel to "a major law There is an island of calm amidst the firm," which he declined to identify, devel­ stormy seas battering the whole of the the risks. Period. property /casualty insurance industry. After a close analysis of the smaller com­ oping business in communications-includ­ And dwelling thereon are some 400 of panies' financial statements, A.M. Best ing international communications-and what A.M. Best lists as the smaller proper­ agreed with Mr. DeYoung. other areas ("I don't intend to confine ty/casualty companies-those writing up to "For the past five years," Best said, myself to communications">. But like the $10 million in net premiums. "smaller companies have been more con­ veteran of a war, he is full of the emotions Best recently surveyed 866 property /casu­ servative than larger companies, becoming and memories of the battles he has fought. alty companies and broke them into four more so in recent years. They tend to keep a And as executive vice president, general categories by net premiums written to deter­ higher percentage of their investments in counsel and director whose responsibilities mine the financial well being of the compa­ relatively liquid assets, with the aim to help followed his interests across the board of nies. them weather adverse market and economic ABC's activities, he has fought in all of the The 27 very large companies with a com­ conditions with greater stability." major ones: "I've been part of everything bined net premium written volume of $61 this company has done." billion have much to envy when they look Perhaps at the bottom there was the at their smaller brethren. THE REMARKABLE EV ERLICK trauma of the ABC television network-it On a measure of quick liquidity, the small­ was the period during which some called it er companies are immensely better off. HON. JOHN D. DINGELL the "half" in a two-and-a-half-network Quick liquidity is the ratio between liquid OF MICHIGAN system-hemorrhaging almost literally its assets and net liabilities-the higher the life blood. Between 1961 and 1971, the net­ better. In 1984, the larger companies com­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES work lost $120 million. And the loss inevita­ bined stood at a ratio of 20 and the smaller Monday, December 16, 1985 bly shaped the tone and character of ABC. ones were nudging up to the 100 line. Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, when Cap­ "The money had to come out of the [Corpo­ "The higher this ratio," said A.M. Best, ration's] theaters, records and owned sta­ "the better the company's ability to meet ital Cities Communications, Inc., takes over tions," Erlick said. "All that was used to obligations without having to disturb long­ the American Broadcasting Co., ABC will support the building of the ABC network. term programs or take on expensive short­ lose one of its most treasured confidants particularly news and public affairs and term debt." and corporate strategists-Everett Erlick. other parts that were not profitable." 36778 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985 At one point, a group Erlick put together terference in their affairs, but not ABC. unease. Indeed, he seems to regard the under the name of ABC Cablecom and ABC, remember, had absorbed $120 million standard as a badge of honor-and a key to headed by Martin Malarkey and Arch in television network losses over the previ­ profit. "Yes," he says, it's a proper obliga­ Taylor developed a plan for putting ABC ous 10 years. Not only that, Congress had tion. "I may be a little old-fashioned, but I into cable in a major way; ABC would have just passed a law banning cigarette advertis­ feel good service is good business. If a local been the third or fourth largest MSO at a ing from radio and television. Cigarettes ac­ station is involved in the local community, time when networks were still allowed such counted for about 10% of ABC television's in service, in community affairs.... these crossownerships. But with the compamy prime time business-"and we already had are the things that will distinguish a broad­ strapped for cash, the board through the too much inventory," Erlick recalled. "We cast station from the other means of deliv­ plan too ambitious, and it was scrapped, to needed some outside force," Erlick said. So ery of news and information and entertain­ Erlick's regret. "It would have been a good at the point in ABC's history, PTAR was "a ment to the American home." He says he thing to do," Erlick said last week. "It would handy brass ring . . . a useful regulatory does not endorse the use of percentage have been a valuable asset for the stock­ measure. As a matter of principle, we don't guidelines to determine whether, say, the holders. But we had to forgo a lot of things like to see government intervention ... but amount of non-entertainment programing a in those days." sometimes, necessity causes those judg­ station offers is sufficient. But he does en­ For a time, in the last 1960's, ABC saw its ments to change." dorse "a broad standard of responsible serv­ salvation in a merger with ITT. Earlier, the So do circumstances. ABC was shoulder to ice." corporation had turned back an effort by shoulder with CBS and NBC two years ago Like other veteran broadcasters who financier Norton Simon to gain control . Among other things, he said he is television stations as commodities," he says. For one thing, he said, "Things started shaken" by the reported provision that "Not all ... but some purchases are highly coming together for the network. From that would limit CBS in-house production to leveraged, with multiples being paid that point on, ABC's real growth development three and a half hours of programing are hard to justify. The danger is that those was achieved." He attributes that in part to weekly "in perpetuity." "We don't think people will be forced to take from the oper­ the fact that ABC "had gotten its act to­ anyone is smart enough now, with the radi­ ation to pay the interest and principle. gether; our programing strengths were evi­ cal changes going on in this business, to When that starts happening on a broad dent," as well as to the fact that the loss of make an agreement in perpetuity." Unlike scale, there is a risk the medium will be di­ the rich suitor caused company officials and its situation in 1971, ABC believes it can minished." staff to steel themselves to greater effort. profit from more rather than less freedom But he also feels the system may be self­ "We were really squeezed hard for a while, of action. "Nothing," says Erlick, "stays the correcting: "The people who pay such prices but that period of adversity was a great im­ same." will be so affected by market forces that petus for ABC," he said. Then, too, there is Erlick's-and ABC's­ they'll have to sell the stations or mend Another helpful factor, a major one, was position on the fairness doctrine. Again, it is their ways." the FCC's prime time access rule, adopted in probably less statesman Stanton than prag­ Among Erlick's skills, and responsibilities, 1971, which, by prohibiting the networks matic Hagerty. Where most of the broad­ is lobbying-he was broken into the art from programing more than three and a casting establishment traditionally and re­ form by Hagerty. But he feels the broad­ half hours of prime time <7-11 p.m. NYT>. peatedly calls for elimination of the fairness casting industry generally is not as effective reduced the inventory ABC was having doctrine as a violation of broadcasters' First as it should be in its efforts on Capitol Hill. trouble filling. Then, too, there were the Amendment rights, ABC operates on the as­ Years ago, he put it this way: "There are subsequent headlines announcing the series sumption the argument is irrelevant. Nor is many people in this business whose idea of of messy scandals in which ITT and some of Erlick impressed with the challenge the government relations is to go to the Nation­ its officials were involved. "It was terrible," Radio-Television News Directors Associa­ al Association of Broadcasters convention Erlick recalled of the way things could have tion, backed by CBS, and others are mount­ once a year, read Broadcasting once a week, been if ABC had become a part of ITT. "We ing in court to the constitutionality of the and go to the bank every Friday.'' He thinks could have had every license in hearing. It doctrine. the industry now realizes something more is was a real mess." "My judgment is-our judgment is-that required. Recalling a defeat that evidently Erlick has had two role models. One was this is a legislative judgment call. It's a continues to rankle, he says the financial in­ the late James C. Hagerty, the former New major national communications issue," terest/syndication issue indicates that more York Times reporter who had been Presi­ Erlick says. "The whole controversy is about is needed. dent Eisenhower's press secretary before he what that section of the statute says." "If Congress expresses its sentiment partment of Justice, the Federal Trade he was impressed by Hagerty's knowledge of Cin favor of repeal], that's fine with us. But Commission, the National Telecommunica­ the Washington scene and his ability to deal it's not a judicial question." But, he was tions and Information Administration-ev­ with people. "When Jim introduced you to asked, what if the courts declare the doc­ erywhere. Yet we got rolled on the Hill. Our someone, you had a golden handshake," trine unconstitutional? "You're not going to mistake was that we thought the issue could Erlick said. He continues to benefit from win," Erlick insisted. "You'll get another be won on the merits." The other side-Hol­ the contacts he made through Hagerty. The law that will pass muster." With a note of lywood-"was skillful," Erlick recalls rueful­ other was Frank Stanton, former president impatience, he added: "I'm saying this Con­ ly. What's more, he said, it also took advan­ and vice chairman of CBS, whom Erlick re­ gress is not going to sit there and see this tage of the "antinetwork sentiment on the garded as an industry statesman. "I thought thing wiped out, fairness, and equal time. Hill"-sentiment, he added, that was just he was great. . .. He represented not only You have to contend with that as reality. then peaking. his company but the industry. I've tried to That is a reality of the world we live in." What's the answer? "The company, the do that." That, he said, is and has been ABC's posi­ industry and the affiliates have to do a Of course, Stanton had the luxury of an tion. "Just accept it at face value." better job of government relations," Erlick elegant, immensely successful corporation If he offers no automatic reaction to men­ says. "That means one-on-one in the field. behind him. So the statesman's role was tion of the fairness doctrine-"We can live It doesn't mean three guys from New York easier for him to play than for Erlick. The with it," he says-neither does mention of coming down to Washington and running PTAR is a case in point. CBS and NBC op­ the "public interest" the Communications around. A senator from Wyoming would posed its adoption as undue government in- Act imposes on broadcasters fill Erlick with rather hear from an affiliate in Wyoming December 16, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36779 than have someone from New York come in our office. His new life has brought him tiers from Hebron walked into the Hall of down and shake his hand-although that is many new and unusual experiences as he Isaac at an hour when Jews are forbidden to important, too, since we cover the national and his family have sought to find their pray there in a minyan and began the morning service. ABC affiliates' recognition of the need to The soldiers at the scene had clear orders lobby on the Hill. And for their part, he pleased to hear from him and to have his to forbid this unauthorized worship. They says, the network types should visit senators views on the issues affecting life in the told the men to move to the Halls of Abra­ and congressmen when things are not in Middle East today. I hope that my col­ ham or Jacob at the other side of the build­ crisis. "You can't come to Washington to try leagues will also find his latest letter of in­ ing where such group prayer was permitted. to put out fires. That doesn't work." terest. A confrontation ensued between the green­ Erlick's association with ABC began when HEBRON: JEWISH-ARAB FLASHPOINT clad soldiers and the armed settlers in he was a Y &R executive in the late 1950s. CBy Mark Ami-EI> prayer shawls. The settlers called the re­ In those days, advertisers, with their agen­ served squad leader "Nazi," not knowing cies, controlled programing. And at one The soldier sped past me and raced toward that he was an immigrant from Romania point, Erlick and several colleagues found headquarters shouting, "Sound the emer­ who had lost four aunts and uncles in the themselves with a substantial amount of gency siren!" Jewish worhsippers in Hebron Holocaust. The soldiers, outnumbered, sent daytime business from 16 clients that they had just entered the Hall of Isaac at the a runner off to headquarters to bring rein­ could not place on CBS or NBC, which were Cave of Machpelah and, some say, Adam and Eve. On this authorities. They intend to keep up the With a new regime taking over, Erlick site, which Abraham bought from Ephron pressure until they are allowed the freedom feels it's time to move on. After all, he can the Hittite for 400 shekels of silver in Gene­ to pray anywhere in the Hall of Isaac at any look back on a role in a senior management sis 23, the Jewish King Herod, builder of time. team that helped bring a young company, Masada, Herodion, and the Temple Wall in The whole scene was very entertaining for still shaky on its feet, to a point where it is Jerusalem, erected a four story rectangle of the Moslem guards who lay on prayer rugs "one of the great communications centers in massive stone blocks. on their side of t he Hall and watched the country, if not the world," as Erlick For thousands of years, Jewish worship­ Jewish soldiers defend Moslem rights, puts it. What's more, Goldenson will, as a pers have been making pilgrimages to this against Jewish civilians. Some of these same practical matter, be leaving; he will head site, held by Jewish folk tradition to be the guards had once prevented Jews from enter­ the executive committee but no longer will entrance to Paradise. During much of that ing any part of the Cave of Machpelah or be involved in the company's day-to-day op­ time, a Jewish synagogue existed within the had been present when Torah scrolls left erations. Herodian walls. However, for the last few under their guard were descrated. Seeing And Erlick says he doubts he could share hundred years, until 1967 when Hebron the smiles of the Moslem guards, the Jewish with anyone else the kind of relationship he came under Israeli rule, Jews were not al­ reservists, themselves civilians at heart, felt has shared with Goldenson. Besides, there is lowed to pray inside the Cave of Machpelah. an urgency to see Jewish policy defined and this reality that Erlick points out: "Cap­ Before 1967, Arab guards of the Wakf prevented prevent any more such scenes from being price for it, and they're entitled to put their Jews from going past the seventh step. played out in front of Moslem audiences. own people in and run it, people with whom Jewish worshippers would leave notes with During the Festival of Succoth, hundreds they're comfortable." their prayers in the outside wall, just as at of Jews came by the busload to the Cave of But, considering that "Murph and Dan"­ the Western Wall in Jerusalem. Machpelah. Women came up to the Tomb Thomas S. Murphy, board chairman, and After the 1967 war, the Israeli government of Rebecca and began to weep. Proud men Daniel B. Burke, president-asked Erlick to signed certain documents which assured stood before the Tomb of Isaac and blew remain as a consultant, he feels content: He Moslem religious rights by preserving the the shofar-the ram's horn. A group of old will retain a connection with a company to status quo at the two most prominent weathered farmers sat down in the hall and which he has a strong emotional tie. And he mutual holy places newly under Jewish con­ began to pray. Technically, they too were will be able to pursue other interests trol-the Temple Mount in Jerusalem and forbidden to pray at that time, in that hall, through his association with the law firm. the Cave of Machpelah in Hebron. The con­ and in that number, but out of a sense of re­ Erlick said he is looking forward to his "new tinued Israeli acceptance of the status quo spect for our elders we let these men pray agenda." I'm in good health. I still have at these holy sites is an issue which de­ without interference. We reasoned that strong interests. There is no way I could mands increasing attention. In recent years, they were only a visiting group and not the become a spectator with all this exciting police have arrested a number of Jewish ac­ resident congregation, and therefore, they stuff going on. I intend to be part of it." tivists associated with circles calling for would not really threaten the status quo. Jewish sovereignty over the Temple Mount. In the span of a few weeks thousands of WHO CONTROLS THE HALL OF ISAAC? Jews came to visit. I will always remember HEBRON: JEWISH-ARAB At the Cave of Mechpelah, the issue is the these warm, beautiful people-immigrants FLASHPOINT Hall of Isaac, the main hall at the site. It from Yemen and North Africa who blessed was originally built as a Crusader Church. me because I was wearing the uniform of an From the time of the expulsion of the Cru­ Israeli soldier and who prayed for my safe HON. WIWAM LEHMAN saders until 1967, it was a mosque closed to return home: the Lubavitcher hassid whose OF FLORIDA Jews and Christians. smile made me glad to be a Jew; the young IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Hall of Isaac may be the only place in Bratslaver hassid with his big black hat who the world where Jews and Moslems pray in explained to me that the Messiah just Monday, December 16, 1985 the same room, sometimes even at the same might come tomorrow. We were all im­ Mr. LEHMAN of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I time. There is a complicated schedule allot­ pressed by the great love, awe, excitement would like to place in the CONGRESSIONAL ing the room or parts of it to each of the and reverence displayed by these Jews for RECORD an article written by Mark Olman two groups. Strict rules govern the hours of the Cave of Machpelah. (Ami/El) which appeared in the current use, the placement of partitions, and the The Cave of Machpelah also retains great number of worshippers. importance to Moslems, In addition to its issue of Jerusalem Letter/Viewpoints pub­ It was a violation of this last point which historic role as a major holy site, it serves as lished by the Jersualem Center for Public precipitated the emergency alert. On the the central mosque for Hebron's 80,000 Affairs. morning before the Simchat Torah holiday, Arabs. Every Friday morning, hundreds of Before immigrating to Israel 7 years ago, Just after the news broke about the seven Moslem worshippers crowd the Halls of Mark was the legislative and press assistant Israeli tourists killed in Sinai, Jewish set- Isaac, Abraham and Jacob, overflowing into 36780 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985 adjacent courtyard and corridors. Moslems Jewish settlement in the midst of Arab Arab urban areas. Only a minority advoca­ use the Hall of Isaac throughout the week Hebron means watching a group of five to tee this policy, even among settlement activ­ for daily prayer and funeral services. The ten year-old Jewish girls walking freely ists now living in Judea and Samaria. The Jordanian religious authorities are even un­ without adult escort through an Arab crowd previous Likud government did not favor derwriting the cost of major structural ren­ at the wholesale vegetable market outside this approach and actually permitted ex­ ovations at the site. the Casbah. In contrast, armed soldiers panded settlement in the heart of Hebron SEARCH FOR THE TOMB OF ABRAHAM tensely walk the same route, scanning the only as a response to acts of Arab terror. rooftops. Under the present government, Defense In addition to control over the Hall of The military government has good reason Isaac, another ongoing point of contention Minister Rabin has declared his total oppo­ to be concerned with the specifics of Jewish sition to any such moves. Yet, there are at the Cave of Machpelah concerns the settlement in central Hebron, since a repeat search for the actual tombs of the patri­ forces within the Jewish-community active­ of the Arab massacres and riots of the 1920s ly at work on increasing the Jewish pres­ archs. The tombs seen by visitors are only and 1930s is a realistic possibility. It is the representations allegedly built over the true ence in Hebron, in the Moslem Quarter of military government which must arrange Jerusalem's Old City, and even in the an­ sites of the tombs three floors below. While for twenty-four hour security with a detach­ Moslem r.eligious law does not forbid arche­ cient Jewish capital of Shechem, where ment of soldiers at every site of Jewish set­ Jewish settlers in the area have established ological exploration. they do have a tradi­ tlement. tion which holds that Moslems who descend a yeshiva at Joseph's Tomb. A small, dedi­ We soldiers debated the cost. Jewish civil­ cated, militant group is challenging Jewish below to seek out the actual graves will die ian settlements in the heart of a heavily the same day. authorities to explain why they are prevent­ populated Arab town require a far more ed from settling on legally-owned Jewish It is said there are three entrances to the substantial investment by the Israel De­ tombs. below. The main entrance was property within the Land of Israel. fense Forces in order to maintain security It is a difficult question to answer. Since blocked hundreds of years ago by a tomb than is the case with the more common pat­ which the Moslems say is that of Joseph. the preservation of the status quo and the tern of rural settlements which are most prevention of Jewish settlement adjacent to The Jews believe Joseph is buried in She­ often located apart from centers of Arab chem fluence on a Member's voting decision. leadership does have resources besides Whether Members are agents of their con­ gentle persuasion. It controls the scheduling An off-duty police officer and his wife stituents' wishes or free to exercise their of bills, parliamentary rulings, choice com­ teamed up yesterday to apprehend a Boston own judgment is a classic question in a rep­ mittee assignments and prerogatives, and it school van driver who allegedly used the resentative democracy. Members have a can choose, within limits, who is recognized van as a getaway vehicle in a pursesnatch­ duty to listen carefully to their constituents to speak on the floor. The effects of these ing. and to consider their views. After all, Mem­ tools are not unimportant, and on close Police said van driver LeRoy Lawrence, 23, bers are not representatives if their actions votes are often decisive. of Rosseter Street, Dorchester, helped in the attempted escape of a teen-ager who bear little or no relationship to the views of MEDIA constituents. Members may not always vote stole the purse of an 86-year-old Dorchester with the views of a majority of their con­ News media may have their greatest effect woman. stituents because in the absence of a refer­ on Congress as agenda setters. By focusing There were no students aboard the van at endum they cannot be certain what they attention on a particular issue, they can get the time, police said. think. But all Members ask themselves on the American people and the Congress to Lawrence and a 16-year-old Dorchester each vote where their constituents stand on deal with it. The stories the media empha­ youth, who was not identified because of his the issue. On those issues where the con­ size, and how those stories are treated, have age, were charged with unarmed robbery stituency expresses strong preferences, the a real effect on which issues Congress con­ after the 1:20 p.m. incident. They were Member is almost certain to favor them. siders and which it puts off. In considering a scheduled to be arraigned today in Dorches­ Representatives who fail to reflect generally vote, Members must anticipate how that ter District Court. the views of their constituents will soon vote will be played by the media. Boston Police Officer Gerard McHale and need other work. If they vote in a way their STAFF his wife, Mary Ellen, were leaving their constituents may not approve, they will ex­ Park Street home to go shopping for sneak­ plain their votes in terms their constituents It is a mistake to underestimate the im­ ers when they heard the screams of Alice will respect, even if they do not agree. portance of congressional staff in the legis­ Bournazian, who was mugged just around lative process. Because of Members' hectic the corner across from her Marlowe Street COLLEAGUES schedules, they rely on staff to help them home, police said. Members learn to identify certain col­ evaluate legislation. Today's staffers usually "The kid ran right by me," said McHale, leagues whose judgment they respect on have a good appreciation of political proc­ 36, a lifelong Dorchester resident and five­ particular issues. Other Members are impor­ esses, but their main strength is substantive year veteran of the force who is assigned to tant sources of information because, as pro­ technical knowledge. As a result, staffers Area A downtown. fessional politicians, they will tailor their have become important actors in the legisla­ McHale chased the teen-ager on foot, then advice to a Member's needs; they are often tive arena. The greater their expertise, the jumped into the family car when the youth well-informed on the issue; and they are more Members rely on them, and the more got into the school van, he said. available at the time of the vote. Members they shape the legislative product. Mrs. McHale, a 35-year-old housewife and do not seek advice from just any colleague. Members of Congress vote several times mother of three, pulled the family's 1983 Instead they seek out those who over time every legislative day on diverse and complex Oldsmobile sedan in front of the van, forc­ have earned the respect and attention of issues. Usually they have more information ing it to stop at the corner of Holiday Street their colleagues. Members also pay special than they can assimilate, so they need and and Geneva Avenue. Her husband leaped attention to the other Members of their seek help. They cannot be experts on every out, identified himself as a police officer state delegation-as well as to state and bill that comes before the Congress. If all of and ordered the men at gunpoint back to local officials-because they share common the factors on which a Member ordinarily the scene of the purse-snatching near interests and problems. relies agree, the decision is easy. If these McHale's home. LOBBIES factors point to opposite conclusions, the Area C officers Walter Fahey and Frank Interest groups are neither the most nor decision becomes difficult. It is then that Venuti., who have known McHale for years, lease important influence on Congress. Lob­ decision-making becomes a very personal responded to McHale's radio call and took byists can help or hinder a Member's work. matter. When the voting clock is running the two suspects into custody. They can provide members with easily di­ down the Member must make a decision. Witnesses said the van was parked on gested information and innovative propos­ The Member knows that in our democracy Park Street for at least 20 minutes yester­ als. They can identify allies, help round up he or she alone will be held accountable for day prior to the purse-snatching. Lawrence votes, and aid election campaigns. They can it. was not scheduled to pick up students for provide or withhold campaign contributions, another hour, police said. support or oppose a Member's reelection. When McHale first chased the youth up Members ignore lobbyists at their peril. GERRY AND MARY ELLEN Park Street yesterday, he had hollered back THE EXECUTIVE McHALE, DORCHESTER HEROES for his wife to get the family car, which was parked on Marlowe Street. The President is, in many respects, the "I figured I'd drive up Vinson Street and chief legislator. He and his Vice President HON. BRIAN J. DONNELLY cut them off," said Mrs. McHale. "When I are the only officials elected by all the turned onto Vinson I saw a school van people Although the President's lobbying OF MASSACHUSETTS coming down the other way, I had no idea activities do not differ significantly from IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES they were in the van, so I pulled over and those of other groups, the President's pres­ let it go by. Then Gerard came running up tige, or standing in the polls, is often per­ Monday, December 16, 1985 and said it was them. We chased them and suasive to Members. At the same time, par­ Mr. DONNELLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to got them." tisan distrust may create opposition to the Police recovered the handbag, which President's position. With his excellent pay tribute to two local heroes, whose quick reaction to the cries of an elderly McHale said the teen-ager had thrown at sources of information, his ability to initiate him just before entering the van at the legislation, to appeal to all Americans, and mugging victim brought about the prompt corner of Park Street and Vinson Street. to set the legislative agenda, the President arrest of a suspect. Gerry McHale is a The purse contained no cash. Police said has formidable power in the legislative proc­ Boston police officer and a recipient of his Bournazian, a widow, was on her way to get ess. But that power no longer yields the department's Medal of Honor. His wife food stamps. unique advantage it once did, as other Mary Ellen has been cited by the Boston Mrs. McHale said Bournazian, who had sources of information-the Congressional suffered a broken finger and a fall during a Budget Office, the Congressional Research Police Department, too, for her work in fighting crime in their Dorchester neigh­ mugging several years ago, was shaken up Service, the Office of Technology Assess­ after the attack. ment, for example-have grown in respect borhood, although she is not a member of the force. School spokesman Ian Forman said the and influence. school department had no immediate com­ PARTY LEADERSHIP At this point, I would like to read into ment on the matter and referred questions Political party leadership has much less the RECORD a newspaper account of the to William Covalucci, president of Transcom effect, on Members' decisions. Members of McHales' teamwork in the service of their Inc., the Roxbury-based carrier that trans­ Congress do not hear often from their party community. ports students. Covalucci confirmed that 36782 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985 Lawrence is a Transcom employee, but de­ The number prompted on observer to It should be emphasized at this point that clined further comment. remark: "There haven't been that many locks and dams along the "Mon" are navi­ Brookline Police are investigating a simi­ Congressmen in the same spot at the same lar purse-snatching last Friday, in which a gation facilities, not flood control dams. woman was mugged by suspects who fled in time in Pennsylvania since the Continental Even before the flood crested, we knew a school van, according to Lt. Daniel O' Congress met in Philadelphia." we had a major problem on our hands. My Leary. I would like to think that what the sub­ office quickly contacted the Federal Emer­ McHale. who holds the police depart­ committee heard that day from the Mon­ gency Management Agency [FEMA], its ment's Medal of Honor, downplayed his y ough Chamber of Commerce, the Pitts­ State counterpart, the Pennsylvania Emer­ part in the arrrest, saying "I'd do it for any­ burgh Waterways Association, representa­ gency Management Agency [PEMA], the body." But he said he was very proud of his tives of the coal and shipping industries, wife. Small Business Administration [SBA], and and others, was instrumental in earning its· the Governor's office. Asked if she was now considering a career continued support for the building of the in law enforcement Mrs. McHale laughed. These agencies should be commended for "One cop in the family is enough," she new facilities. they already were putting together a plan said. "I'll help him whenever he needs as­ I wish we could be as successful insofar of action, preparing to furnish aid when­ sistance." as the Rowlesburg Dam is concerned. ever authorized. Yesterday was not the first time the Believe it or not, Mr. Speaker, the The Governor's office quickly declared a McHales, who have been married for 13 Rowlesburg Dam issue has been before the state of disaster for five counties. West­ years, have rallied to help neighbors in the Congress for nearly 50 years. A half centu­ moreland County became the sixth when close-knit St. Ambrose parish neighorhood ry and, still it has not been resolved. I of Dorchester. my office informed it the small community cannot begin to guess how much personal of Webster in Westmoreland County had McHale said he has made five off-duty ar­ and property damage could have been rests there over the last few years when he averted had the dam been built then; how been hit hard. PEMA sent its crews into the saw thieves breaking into cars or homes. He field and FEMA joined them as soon as the said his wife received a commendation from much grief and misfortune avoided. I know there were some who hoped the request for Federal help was received and police five years ago when her information approved. led to the arrest of two housebreakers. Rowlesburg project had finally been put to "The crime around here gets frustrating, rest when the dam was quietly "deauthor­ As of December 5, these agencies had re­ but I love this neighborhood. I'm building a ized" in the passage of this year's water re­ ceived applications for disaster assistance house across the street," said McHale. "I'm sources development bill. from thousands of individuals and hun­ the last person that's going to leave here." I regret to inform them that I, for one, dreds of businesses located along the Penn­ hope that will not be the case. sylvania stretch of the "Mon." Why is a dam on the Cheat River in West I mentioned earlier the primary reason REAUTHORIZE ROWLESBURG­ Virginia so important to people who live why some of us in Pennsylvania are so in­ AND BUILD IT and work along the Monongahela River in terested in the Rowlesburg Dam is because Pennsylvania? of its immense value as a flood control fa­ ~ON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS Primarily for flood control purposes. But cility. OF PENNSYLVANIA the dam also would improve commercial On November 8, the day after the flood and before the House began debate on the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES traffic on the river and stimulate develop­ ment of recreational facilities. water resources development bill, I sent a Monday, December 16, 1985 The "Mon" has its headwaters in West letter to the Army Corps of Engineer's dis­ Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, nearly 50 Virginia. It starts at Fairmont with the trict director in Pittsburgh, Col. Richard A. years ago, the Congress authorized the con­ merging of the West Fork and Tygart Rothblum, asking him for an evaluation of struction of the Rowlesburg Dam on the Rivers, then flows north into Pennsylvania the impact the Rowlesburg Dam, had it Cheat River in West Virginia. where it is joined by the Cheat River at been in place, would have had in lessening Last month, the project was one of sever­ Point Marion. From there, the "Mon" con­ the damage caused by the flood. al deauthorized in the water resources de­ tinues to McKeesport, where it picks up the His response, dated November 19, stated velopment bill. It was, in my opinion, a Youghiogheny River, then winds down­ if the Rowlesburg Dam had been in place it misjudgment. stream to Pittsburgh where it meets the Al­ would have had a significant impact on the That bill authorized $20 billion for a host legheny and forms the Ohio River. flooding from the proposed dam site on the of projects to be undertaken by the Army The "Mon" is considered navigable along Cheat River all along the "Mon". Corps of Engineers. Two of those projects its 128.7-mile length. A number of commer­ For instance, two communities on the are ones which I have been vitally interest­ cial companies that ship their products by Cheat-Rowlesburg and Albright-that ed in for more than 15 years-the replace­ river are located in the scores of small were ravaged by the flood would have sus­ ment of locks and dams 7 and 8 on the towns along the river's shores. These firms tained no damage at all with the Rowles­ Monongahela River in Pennsylvania. make the "Mon" one of the most used and burg Dam operating. The replacement of those structures is valuable of the Nation's inland waterways. In addition, the dam would have substan­ critical. The new facilities are vital to the Normally, the "Mon" is a placid river but tially reduced the level of flood waters at future of commercial shipping on the its history is pock marked by incidents of several key points on the "Mon" between "Mon" River. The present system is too severe flooding. Heavy rains and snow mel­ Point Marion and Pittsburgh. The level at old-built 60 years ago-too small and too toff can turn it into a torrent. Point Marion would have been reduced deteriorated to do the job. Such was the case in early November. A from 13 feet to 2.5 feet; at Greensboro, Authorizing their replacement gives me week of steady rain sent the "Mon" and its from 16.1 feet to 5.6 feet; at Elizabeth, from hope that one day Congress actually will tributaries spilling over their banks. Hun­ 13 feet to 4.5 feet; at Braddock, from 9.5 appropriate the necessary funds for the dreds of homes were destroyed, thousasnds feet to 2.5 feet, and at Pittsburgh, from 8 work. more damaged, and property losses soared feet to 3 feet. I recall in the spring of 1982 Chairman into the millions of dollars. "Reduction in actual damages if Rowles­ BOB ROE brought several members of his Business firms, large and small, were hit burg Dam were in place," the colonel subcommittee to my district and conducted by the flood. Near Clairton, the surging wrote, "is estimated at $77 million along a formal hearing on the need for moderniz­ waters broke an estimated 80 barges loose the Monongahela River down to and in­ ing locks and dams 7 and 8, among other from their moorings. These multiton cargo cluding Pittsburgh." projects in the area. carriers, some fully loaded, were sent swirl­ A $77 million reduction in damages. In all, there were 14 Members from five ing downriver, crashing into bridge pilings That's astounding in light of estimates States on hand that day, including myself and ramming and jamming several locks placing the total loss at $84 million. That and several colleagues from western Penn­ along the way. The Corps of Engineers figure, however, does not take into account sylvania who testified before the subcom­ worked for weeks to free some of the craft the peace of mind residents would have had mittee. caught in the lock gates. about their safety. It does not take into ac- December 16, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36783 count the loss of income to workers whose well as the implementation of project fe­ reasonable. The Corps of Engineers, howev­ plants were closed by the flood. It does not tures such as recreation and water quality er, has not made any estimates of indirect take into account the loss of business those storage, that may no longer be feasible. It damages caused by the flooding or any ef­ does not, therefore, represent a quality esti­ fects that could accrue to any commercial plants have sustained because they could mate for an up-to-date Rowlesburg Project. businesses using the river. These estimates not operate. In like fashion, the benefits, with the excep­ are best obtained from the river users them­ At this point, I would like to insert tion of flood control, have not been re­ selves. copies of my correspondence with Colonel viewed recently. The development of a bene­ Sincerely, Rothblum (see attachments No. 1 and No. fit-cost ratio under these circumstances RICHARD A. ROTHBLUM, 2) before proceeding with a background would, therefore, not be appropriate. Some Colonel, Corps of Engineers, briefing on the Rowlesburg Dam project. restudy and possible reformulation of District Engineer. project features would be necessary to de­ ATTACHMENT No. 1 velop this information. According to Arthur J. Parker of the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, 2. If the Dam had been in operation, Mon-Y ough Chamber of Commerce, who Washington, DC, November 8, 1985. would water levels have been reduced in the served as secretary of the Rowlesburg Dam Col. RICHARD ROTHBLUM, affected communities? If so, what specific Association [RDA] back in the 1970's, the Director, Pittsburgh District, U.S. Army areas in those communities damaged in the history of Rowlesburg Dam goes back to Corps of Engineers, Federal Building, recent flood would have escaped personal 1936. Pittsburgh, PA. and property damage? Attention: Hydrology Department. With a large percentage of the floodwa­ Mter the St. Patrick's Day flood of that DEAR COLONEL RoTHBLUM: The recent ters originating in the Cheat River Basin, year, a preliminary examination and flooding of the Monongahela River and the the Rowlesburg Dam, had it been in oper­ survey of the Cheat River and its tributar­ substantial damage sustained by several ation, would have reduced significantly the ies for flood control and other purposes communities along its banks has raised new flood crest along the Cheat River below the was authorized by Congress in the Flood questions concerning the impact if the long­ Dam site and along the Monongahela River Control Act of 1936. planned Rowlesburg Dam on the Cheat below the mouth of the Cheat River. Specif­ The completed study recommended the ic flood reduction information is not yet River had been in operation. dam, not only as a flood control measure 1. What is the Corps' current position on available for all of the individual communi­ the proposed Rowlesburg Dam and its esti­ ties along the rivers; however, the following but also as a means of impounding water mate of a cost-benefit ratio? provides an indication of the effect that the to be released during dry seasons. The 2. If the Dam had been in operation, Rowlesburg Project would have had if it study was submitted to the Corps of Engi­ would water levels have been reduced in the were in operation. neers for consideration and then, in 1942, it affected communities? If so, what specific a. Rowlesburg and Albright, West Virgin­ made its way to Congress where, as Mr. areas in those communities damaged in the ia, the two major communities on the Cheat Parker puts it, it died a natural death. River below the Dam site would have had recent flood would have escaped personal Nothing more was done, apparently, until and property damage? no damage; 3. Is the Corps in a position to estimate b. The potential reductions on the Monon­ 1958 when the Pittsburgh Coal Exchange, what damages have been done to river facili­ gahela River would have been as follows: forerunner of the Pittsburgh Waterways ties and the repair cost? Association, revived interest in the project. 4. Is the Corps able to furnish a report on A study was approved in 1958 and Con­ the indirect damage caused by the flood and gress, 8 years later, granted approval to the subsequent delay in reopening river op­ Actual begin planning and design work. flooding n::~ng Reduction erations; i.e., what effect will the loss of Despite its reputation for flooding, Mr. barges and the closing of the river have on In the general area of (community) above zero Rowlesburg by commercial businesses utilizing the river? da:f e in place R(l:)urg Parker notes that until 1967 no one had I would appreciate a response to these (feet) (feet) ever shown what a "Mon" flood would cost questions, Col. Rothblum, as well as any those caught in one, nor was the destruc­ other information you may be able to fur­ Point Marion, PA ...... 13.0 2.5 10.5 tion of municipal and industrial facilities Greensboro, PA ...... 16.1 5.6 10.5 nish that would compare damages sustained Elizabeth, PA ...... 13.0 4.5 8.5 along the river ever documented. in this flood to those that might have oc­ Braddock, PA ...... 9.5 2.5 7.0 To correct that situation, the Rowlesburg Pittsburgh, PA ...... 3.0 5.0 cured 'if" Rowlesburg Dam had been operat­ 8.0 Dam Association was organized. It began ing. to collect data on losses incurred by people Your cooperation in this matter will be Reduction in actual damages if Rowles­ greatly appreciated. and commerce when the "Mon" ran wild. burg Dam were in place is estimated at $77 Even then, it was apparent the building of Sincerly yours, million along the Monongahela River down JOSEPH M. GAYDOS, to and including Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. the Rowlesburg Dam would have prevented Member of Congress. 3. Is the Corps in a position to estimate most of these losses. what damages have been done to river facili­ Support for the dam began to grow, ATTACHMENT No. 2 ties and the repair cost? largely through the efforts of the RDA. De­ PITTSBURGH DISTRICT, The only estimate that the Corps can tailed records were kept on damages sus­ CORPS OF ENGINEERS, make at the present time is the damage to tained by flooding along the Cheat and the Pittsburgh, PA, November 19, 1985. our own facilities, i.e., the Locks and Dams. "Mon" and the association began outlining Hon. JosEPH M. GAYDOS, This damage is estimated at approximately House of Representatives, Rayburn House $2 million and involves the repair or re­ industrial and recreational benefits to be Office Building, Washington, DC. placement of damaged and lost equipment derived from the dam's construction. DEAR MR. GAYDOS: This is in response to and general cleanup work. There is un­ In 1977, however, interest in the Rowles­ your November 8, 1985 inquiry into the doubtedly a significant amount of damage burg project waned as attention shifted to recent flooding along the Monongahela to private docks and other commercial fa­ the building of the Stonewall Jackson Dam River and the impact that the Rowlesburg cilities along the rivers as well as damage to on the West Fork River. Dam on the Cheat River would have had if barges and towboats. The total extent of Incidentally, my office was told by a it were in operation. The following para­ this damage is, however, not available at graphs address your specific questions. this time. member of the corps that even in its par­ 1. What is the Corps' current position on 4. Is the Corps able to furnish a report on tially completed stage the Stonewall Dam the proposed Rowlesburg Dam and its esti­ the indirect damage caused by the flood and was a contributing factor in reducing losses mate of a cost-benefit ratio? the subsequent delay in reopening river op­ in last month's flood. Although it will not The authorized Rowlesburg Dam project erations: i.e., what effect will the loss of be finished until next year, it is estimated is currently classified as inactive by the barges and the closing of the river have on that facility, in its current state, prevented Corps of Engineers. The project has not re­ commercial businesses utilizing the river? $12 million in additional damages. ceived any study funding since 1978 and is, The original estimate for the length of The proposed Rowlesburg Dam, it ap­ therefore, eligible for consideration for de­ closure of the Monongahela River to effect authorization this fiscal year. The estimated the cleanup of sunken barges and debris at pears, was the victim of a difference of updated cost of the authorized project Mon L/D # 2 and the Maxwell Dam was 30 opinion over which State, West Virginia or would be $394 million. This cost update, days. The current progress of work in these Pennsylvania, would benefit most from its however, is based on a very old estimate as two areas suggests that this estimate is still construction. 36784 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985 West Virginia, it was said, felt it would methods to improve diplomatic relations, gram, and passed the Motor Carrier Safety be losing valuable, fertile farmland and an we must consider every means to facilitate Act, both aimed at assuring that truck and area of natural wilderness, whereas Penn­ peace. A better understanding of each bus safety laws are strictly enforced. sylvania would reap the reward.:: of a flood other's culture will help to dissolve the bar­ To help foster discussion of solutions to controlled river. In last month's flood, how­ riers that exist between us. this problem, Congressman BUD SHUSTER ever, it has been estimated that damages in The arts have a unique ability to achieve and I have introduced a resolution desig­ West Virginia were 10 to 20 percent greater this type of understanding. Through ob­ nating the week from January 26 to Febru­ than those sustained in Pennsylvania. serving the artistic expressions of cultures ary 1, 1986, as "Truck and Bus Safety Nevertheless, West Virginia's rejection of unlike our own, we can begin to under­ Week." A number of safety-related activi­ the proposal in 1977 set the stage for last stand our differences and realize our simi­ ties have already been scheduled for that month's deauthorization of the Rowlesburg larities. week, and passage of this resolution will project. In conclusion, then, Mr. Speaker, I help stimulate others. But I do not believe Congress has seen strongly urge my colleagues to review this We know that passage of this resolution, the last of the proposal. I understand some resolution, printed below, and to join in co­ by itself, will not significantly improve of those once opposed to it, after reviewing sponsoring this most important legislation. highway safety for our Nation's motoring the devastating effect of last month's flood, H. CON. RES. 237 public. But it will help call attention to the have indicated they might now support it. Concurrent resolution supporting expanded problem and get more people talking about I welcome their endorsement, and cultural exchange between the United it. And that has to help. anyone else's, in a new effort to have the States and the Soviet Union I hope all our colleagues will consider Rowlesburg Dam placed back on the work Whereas historically the arts have been joining the 144 Members who have already schedule of the Corps of Engineers. I think recognized as a powerful expression of cosponsored House Joint Resolution 445, it is clear now the dam would be of mutual thoughts and feelings, a means to strength­ en communication, and one of the most designating the week of January 25, 1986 as benefit to both States. vital ways of understanding the human ex­ "Truck and Bus Safety Week." Consequently, I have already initiated perience; A list of these cosponsors follows: contact with individuals and organizations Whereas the visual arts, music, theatre, Bud Shuster, James J. Howard, Gene from western Pennsylvania who provided dance, and all other forms of creative ex­ Snyder, Nick Rahall, William Clinger, me with essential support when the dam pression have the ability to transcend na­ Frank Horton, J.P. Hammerschmidt, Jim was authorized in 1970. tional boundaries; Moody, James Traficant, Robert Dornan, The sooner steps are taken to prevent a Whereas nations participating in cultural Robert Young, Robin Tallon, Julian Dixon, recurrence of the misery, despair, and trag­ exchange gain mutual understanding which Bob McEwen, Gus Savage, Dave Martin, edy that took place. last month along· the contributes to continued peaceful coexist­ Melvin Price, Vic Fazio, Steny Hoyer, ence; George O'Brien. Cheat and "Mon" Rivers, the better. And, Whereas independent citizen groups Robert Matsui, Ron Packard, Andy Ire­ we should keep in mind the cost involved. across the United States have formed to land, Major Owens, Norman Lent, Nancy Rowlesburg Dam once was estimated at a promote cultural contacts between nations, Johnson, Steve Neal, Sherwood Boehlert, cost of $133 million; now the price tag is in particularly between the United States and William Boner, Carroll Hubbard, Gerald the neighborhood of $394 million. The the Soviet Union; Solomon, Richard Ray, Helen Delich Bent­ longer the delay, the more we will pay for Whereas many Members of the Senate ley, Jack Kemp, Barbara Boxer, James Quil­ it in dollars and cents as well as personal and House of ~epresentatives have joined len, Sala Burton, Toby Roth, Beverly and property loss. together in a Congressional Arts Caucus to Byron, Wayne Dowdy. It would be presumptive of me, as a demonstrate the importance of the arts to Thomas Carper, Albert Bustamante, Dan our Nation and the other countries of the Lungren, Walter Jones, Newt Gingrich, Member of Pennsylvania's congressional world; John Conyers, Arlan Stangeland, Bill delegation, to propose legislation for the Whereas since 1981 the Congressional Art Hefner, Sander Levin, Austin Murphy, John construction of a multi-million-dollars fa­ Caucus has worked to highlight America's Murtha, W.J. hearings and investigations of the insur­ Greenwald vows. "This is one mayor that is On Aug. 1, the borough of Clayton was ance crisis that my subcommittee has com­ going to fight back." forced to go nude. Businesses, too, are turning to self-insur­ The Gloucester County community of menced. For example, the Courier-Post ar­ ance, primarily for product liability and ticle quotes an insurance industry spokes­ 6,100 lost its general liability insurance cov­ medical coverage. Companies with self-in­ erage, stripping away its protection against person as saying that insurers are looking surance plans include Control Data Corp. in lawsuits. to underwrite the least risky policies. But Minneapolis, American Telephone & Tele­ "Sure, I'm worried," says Paul Thomas, when does that approach become unaccept­ graph Co. in New York and Squibb Corp. borough administrator. "If somebody gets able "cream skimming,'' as insurance regu­ and Educational Testing Service . injured on borough property, the borough lators call it, which may aggravate the both in Princeton. would be liable. And in this day of litigation, "We decided we were making our insur­ availability crisis? That is only one of that could be very costly." ance company too wealthy," says Mary Jane Clayton is among the scores of towns many important questions we will pursue Klansky, who started a self-funded medical in our subcommittee inquiry. An informed going bare these days-that is, doing with­ plan for 2,600 ETS employees last August. out liability insurance, which covers claims public is indispensable to our work and the "With the money we save, we'll be able to in such broad areas as pollution from mu­ Courier-Post deserves praise for a contribu­ provide more health benefits," she adds. nicipal landfills, personal injuries on town tion to public enlightenment in the best Savings for ETS in the first year may property, car accidents caused by defective tradition of public spirited journalism. reach $60,000, the National Benefits Corp. estimates. The Horsham, Pa.-based compa­ traffic signs and actions by police or other The articles follow: ny is one of a number of firms that help public officials. CFrom the Courier-Post, Nov. 18, 19851 self-insured employers administer their Throughout the country, the property/ casualty insurance industry is in a financial PREMIUMS PuSH FIRMS, TOWNS TO TRY SELF­ plans. bind. The result in New Jersey is that about INSURANCE "The best thing self-insurance does is to one-third of the state's 567 municipalities put you in control of your program," says Dennis Mulligan of National Benefits. "It now either have no liability insurance or To beat the rising costs of commercial in­ puts you in the driver's seat." face cancellation of their coverage, the New surance, a growing number of employers are Consumer advocates also approve, saying Jersey State League of Municipalities, a turning to do-it-yourself insurance plans. self-insured firms often are more safety-con­ statewide group of town and city adminis­ Known as self-insurance, such programs scious than those with commercial coverage. trators, estimates. are becoming popular among both compa­ The reason: Self-insured groups feel the Moreover, as insurance carriers retrench nies and municipalities. Under the plans, impact of rising claims immediately, while from municipal liability coverage, they also employers set up in-house insurance funds commercially insured groups may not notice are dropping policies or raising rates for to pay most of the claims-a route they con­ a problem until their premiums go up in fol­ other risky lines, including medical malprac­ tend is cheaper and more predictable than lowing years. tice, day-care centers, taverns and hazard­ commercial policies. But most important, self-insurance plans ous waste contractors. . of the first group municipal self-insurance First, self-insured groups retain their in­ "Insurance, generally, is the number one fund in New Jersey. vestment income-money that normally problem in the state today," says state Sen. Started last January, the Bergen County profits the commercial carrier. An added Lee Laskin, R-Camden, a member of a legis­ Municipal Joint Insurance Fund provides benefit: Municipalities don't pay taxes on lative insurance study commission. "It's a pooled coverage for 25 towns in North their investment earnings. very, very serious problem." Jersey. It offers a wide umbrella of cover­ Self-insured groups save on overhead ex­ And it's likely to deepen in January, when age, including workers' compensation, gen­ penses. Although most pay for professional current liability policies for most towns eral liability, motor vehicle and property in­ services to compute their risks and process expire. The result: Many communities may surance. claims, they have no expenses for sales and face higher property taxes next year to The private fund works much like com­ marketing. cover soaring municipal insurance rates. mercial coverage. Twice a year, each munici­ But experts warn that do-it-yourself insur­ Other towns could be forced to lay off mu­ pality is asessed a fee based on its risks and ance plans are not for everybody. Compa­ nicipal employees or reduce services. claims history. The money is pooled and in­ nies that have fewer than 200 employees Similar choices could face cities across the vested in interest-bearing accounts until may not be able to spread their risks over a country. In fact, a survey of 40 cities by the needed to cover claims. large enough base, Mulligan at National U.S. Conference of Mayors showed half However, the Bergen County fund is not Benefits says. Also, an employer with an er­ rocked by insurance rates that had doubled completely independent of commercial in­ ratic claims history probably should not in just two years. Only five of the towns re­ surance. Some commercial coverage, known self-insure. ported no increase in liability insurance as excess insurance, also is carried to cover Another drawback: Excess coverage, costs, says the Washington,. D.C.-based potentially large claims from catastrophes which is needed in virtually all self-insured group. or large lawsuits. plans, has become increasingly hard to find. In Evesham, the excess liability premium "A self-insurance program is really like In South Jersey, the dearth of excess cover­ is now 10 times what it was last year: De­ buying a policy with a very large deducti­ age may prevent several self-insured plans spite a low claims history, the cost went ble," explains Vozza. For example, if a bor­ from getting off the ground. from $7 ,500 to $75,000 this year-out of a ough hall burned down, the fund would pay Insurance companies view the self-insur­ total municipal budget of $6.2 million. the first $100,000, then the excess insurance ance trend with mixed emotions. Because And the maximum liability coverage has would kick in, he says. the current property /casualty market is not been cut in half by the insurance carrier to As more and more New Jersey towns con­ profitable, many carriers are anxious to $5 million. front cancellation of commercial property I drop their high-risk-clients-and so are re­ "It's depressing," says township manager liabity coverage or soaring costs, self-insur- lieved to see self-insurance plans. Tom Conway. He says he worries that the 36786 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985 added expense may prevent his growing fering is self-inflicted," says Robert Hunter, For a while, however, the naysayers said town from hiring extra police officers and a former federal insurance administrator the incentives weren't working. They said garbage collectors next year. who now heads the National Insurance Con­ that GE was simply building up a big pile of "It's going to put municipalities out of sumers Organization, a Washington, D.C. cash, rather than investing in America's business," complains Cherry Hill Mayor lobbying group. future. But this week we proved the critics Maria Greenwald. The township, which When interest rates were high, insurance wrong. Yesterday, GE put its cash to work paid $400,000 for its total insurance this companies competed for extra business by to create jobs and enhance competition. We year, may face tripled costs for its coverage grossly underpricing premiums, he main­ took our $4.5 billion in tax cuts, plus an­ next year, she glumly forecasts. tains. For many companies, the result has other $1.7 billion from other sources, and In Sea Bright, the mayor and council been lower reserves and profitability. we bought RCA. members threatened to resign last August Insurers also maintain they have been un­ · This is a new morning for America. No after the Monmouth County borough's li­ fairly cast as the "deep pockets" in environ­ longer will GE and RCA be tearing each ability insurance was cancelled. Borough of­ mental cleanup efforts. In a landmark 1983 other down. Instead, our new cooperative ficials feared they would be held personally case, the New Jersey Supreme Court ruled venture will be able to take on the world­ liable for lawsuits against the municipality. that insurance companies were liable for wide competition without pointless arguing Since then, Sea Bright has renewed its $15.8 million in a Jackson Township water among ourselves. Our expanded production policy with another carrier-for a five-fold contamination case. and sales network-not to mention our new price increase. The insurance companies appealed, pro­ broadcast network, NBC-will be a force to "For public officials, going light on insur­ testing that the pollution had occurred be reckoned with around the globe. ance is likened to playing Russian roulette years before their coverage began. And As Congress reconsiders so called tax with a Howitzer-it's a risky business," ob­ though the award has since been reduced to "reform," there's a crucial point to remem­ serves William Dressel, a spokesman for the $5.4 million, the decision convinced most in­ ber: we couldn't have done what we've done New Jersey State League of Municipalities. surers to shun pollution coverage in the without incentives. The problem is so serious that Gov. state. GE. We're more than lightbulbs. Thomas H. Kean in September issued an Many insurers say that in the face of such emergency order temporarily banning insur­ adverse court rulings, their liability risks are ance companies from canceling their poli­ no longer predictable. Higher premium A SOBER LOOK AT cies in the state. The ban, due to expire last rates will be necessary to prepare for an un­ COUNTERTERRORISM Saturday, has been extended for at least 60 certain future-unless the judicial system is days. However, insurance groups have filed revamped to reduce lawsuits, they contend. a lawsuit to overturn the order. The industry's recommendations include HON. ROBERT GARCIA "Insurers today are looking to underwrite capping lawsuit awards and narrowing the the least risky policies," says June Bruce of OF NEW YORK liability of insurers. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Insurance Services Office Inc.. a New Here. too, consumer advocates disagree. York based industry advisory agency. "That "Insurance companies act like judges are a Monday, December 16, 1985 simply makes the best business sense. bunch of hooligans who are totally out of Mr. GARCIA. Mr. Speaker, the New York Yet just two years ago, insurance compa­ control," says Gene Kimmelman, legislative nies were hungry for new business-risky or director of the Consumer Federation of Times ran an editorial today on the admin­ not. From 1979 to 1983, underwriters com­ America in Washington, D.C. "I don't see istration's request for $54 million for coun· peted fiercely for new policies to bring in any evidence that the courts are reckless or terterrorism training and hardware for extra premiums that the firms then invest­ Central America-excluding Nicaragua. ed at prevailing high interest rates. irresponsible ." "They were banging doors down and offer­ Resolving the insurance crisis will be a top As the editorial rightly states, "It isn't ing ridiculously low ing the attendance of veterans in college on term in prison, had her prize accepted by As Merrill Lynch likes to tell, predicting a credit-hour basis, thus setting aside the Bishop Desmond Tutu's daughter. Mpho the future is not easy. Still, the stubborn tracking by clock hours. Through the Joint Tutu, a U.S. college student, looks and crystal ball at this desk insists upon putting Commission on Federal Relations, both sounds like her famous father. She referred out this word: AACJC and ACCT have pledged their vigor­ to Winnie Mandela as "the first lady of "Get busy! The New GI Bill is going to be ous support of S. 1207. We urge members to South Africa." very big business for higher education. More get behind it and to flood the House and The third recipient, the Rev. C.R. Beyers so for community colleges-if they go after Senate Veterans Affairs Committees and Naude, spoke for himself, and memorably. it. Armed Services Committees with letters When Naude, scion of a preeminent Afrika­ " If a college does not already have staff supporting it. ner family, was a rising star of the Dutch making calls on the National Guard, the Re­ If the new GI Bill increased enrollment by Reformed Church, he was spotted as a serve units and the military recruiters in its an average of just 100 students for each future prime minister of South Africa. But service area, it should get started. Get community, technical and junior college, that was before he renounced apartheid, a Busy!" this would increase their credit enrollment heresy that led to his forced resignation While many community colleges have es­ nationally be more than 2 percent. from the ministry, and later, banning. tablished a veterans program office, many If community college students use the GI Naude is an orator of such force and fire have not. Typically, the latter use the regis­ Bill to gain the advanced skills to operate that it was astonishing to hear him in trar's office to handle veterans benefits and the advanced systems deployed in Guard Washington, where so many say so little report certification to the Veterans Admin­ and Reserve units, then use the same skills and expect to be praised for their good Judg­ istration. in careers with the industries that lead ment or at least their power!ul survival in­ However, under the New GI Bill, the vet­ global competition in both new technology stincts. If a free South Africa is seeking a erans programs are moving into a new era and armaments, U.S. productivity, employ­ prime minister of proven valor and elo­ on campus. The opportunities for a college ment and national security all will benefit. quence, Naude may revive the speculations education that it provides for the National And so will the community colleges. of his younger days. 36788 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985 He began by praising the judges for their GOV. MIKE O'CALLAGHAN-ONE I realize that, because of our prior dis­ selection of a white man , the son OF A KIND plays of indecisiveness and lack of national of a black man and a white woman Middle School near the village of the Communists change some of the military within the powers granted by the Interna­ doctor's former home in South China. Our and economic policies. tional Emergency Economic Powers Act, government guide took us to see the school The Republic of China on Taiwan should froze the assets of the Iranian government, after much bragging about the facility. The do everything possible to encourage foreign the Central Bank of Iran, corporations con­ broken windows, filthy floors, poor lighting visitors to extend their tours into mainland trolled by the Iranian government, and all and coldness shocked the visitors. China. The contrast between the two coun­ other government deposits. The shock was intensified because our tries is almost unbelievable. There is little Evidently the Iranians overestimated the group of Nevadans had finished a stay of equal comparison between the two Chinas value of assets they had in the U.S. by one week on Taiwan only four days earlier. as the social and economic progress of free about $7 billion. The Federal Reserve Board The school children of Taiwan were well­ China far outstrips even the wildest dreams estimates these assets total closer to $5 bil­ clothed, happy and the school atmosphere of even the most optimistic communist. lion than they do $12 billion. Still, the al­ was pleasant and productive. The people of The only thing the two countries have in ready shaky dollar could have been struck the Republic of China have thrown their common is that both are populated with another damaging blow if even the lesser full support behind the educational system Chinese people. It would be a shameful dis­ sum were withdrawn from our financial in­ in Taiwan. It is evident the Communists aster if U.S. foreign policy would eventually stitutions. running Red China don't have the same result in the 18 million Chinese people on Particularly sweet was the detention of values and the children of South China are Taiwan being forced under the Red curtain $775 million Iran had advanced to the U.S. suffering from this neglect. covering the mainland. for purchase of military equipment. Vivienne Morris, a member of the Nevada Iranians demonstrating within the U.S. State Board of Education and a former against their host country have also re­ teacher, was visibly upset with the school OCTOBER 27, 1983 ceived a message from the White House. visit. She and Bill, her husband, had spend What should we do with the 30 Russians The order that all of the Iranians here with several days in North China two years ago captured in Grenada? a student visa must report into an Immigra­ and had not been subjected to the condi­ Attorney Evan Wallach, a combat grunt in tion and Naturalization Service office to tions we observed in South China. Vi­ Vietnam, t~lls us to "send them home show they meet all requirements to retain vienne's concern for school children of all aboard Korean Airlines." their visa got their attention. races was badly bruised by what she saw at Good thinking Evan, you sound like an ex­ This action has cooled down the fervor the Dr. Sun Yi-xian Middle School. cellent replacement for Cap Weinberger as displayed by Iranian students who have During our swing into mainland China Secretary of Defense. been burning flags, stoning policemen and other mental comparisons between the Re­ Infantry soldiers and Marines learn in generally raising all kinds of hell in our public of China and the Peoples boot camp the necessity of taking the high streets. Now we are listening to them whin­ Republic of China were ground in combat. Let's hope the Beirut ing about being picked on and trying to made by the visitors. Five years ago Caro­ massacre has taught the same lesson to the compare themselves to the American-Japa­ lyn, my wife, and I had spent time visiting people making U.S. decisions in Lebanon. nese who were interned after Pearl Harbor. several excellent farms on Taiwan. During If we don't want U.S. Marines in the To even put themselves in the same class as our most recent trip, we were allowed to mountains surrounding Beirut, we should at these fine American citizens, who later dis­ visit a farm village on the mainland. Walk­ least make the high ground unliveable for tinguished themselves fighting for our flag ing through the cold and dirty shacks last the troops operating from their haven in in Italy, is laughable. There is no possible or week, where the elderly and very young the hills. If our men are to remain there, reasonable comparison. wandered aimlessly, we wondered why we our leaders should allow military men-not Nobody is holding these Iranian "stu­ were even allowed to visit the village. political appointees or State Department dents" as hostages and they are not going to Was this the best they had to offer? Our diplomats-to make military decisions. be interned. They are not going to be phys­ guide beamed and smiled as he told us of Washington decision-makers have been ically harmed. If they do not qualify under the revolution and gave us permission to ask warned privately and publicly during recent law and if they have been breaking our questions of the people who could under­ months about our men being in positions laws, they will be sent home to join the rest stand little English and we even less Chi­ they cannot properly defend. Now it is evi­ of the mob in Tehran. nese. What our eyes saw was enough to sur­ dent that those were legitimate and sensible The next move for our country is to follow pass anything we could express with written warning. Why did so many men have to die the example given by the dock workers re­ or spoken language. It's little wonder that to bring about what we hope is corrective fusing to load grain on a ship bound for Taiwan's farms are producing an abundance military action? Iran. Some political analysts say the Irani­ of food products and the mainland, like Now, however, is not the time to point fin­ ans have enough oil money to buy all of the Russia, struggles from one crop to the next. gers and blame President Reagan for the food they need elsewhere and make their The stores in the villages and towns of deaths of our fighting men in Lebanon. food purchases, if they can. South China relate an even more telling Democrats will tell you that the Republi­ This year 75 percent of the rice, 50 per­ story. The few electronic products offered cans took unfair advantage of Lyndon John­ cent of the wheat and about 35 percent of for sale are seldom bought and the food son's actions in Vietnam to get Nixon elect­ other grains used in Iran has been shipped products are inferior. The stores and mar­ ed in 1968. Some will also remind you that in from the U.S. It is doubful if they can kets in Hong Kong and Taiwan are loaded Reagan campaigners blamed Carter for the obtain the rice needed from any other coun­ with fresh, delicious pastry and succulent aborted attempt to rescue the Americans try. Maybe, if there is a good crop, they can fruits. The pears, oranges, grapes, papayas, held prisoner by Iran. Admittedly those po­ get some wheat from Russia. mangos, bananas and apples gracing the litical charges were actions of self-serving Personally, I can care less if they have to shelves are of the highest quality on the political hacks, but there is no need to drag drink their oil to survive. free world markets. The fruit for sale in out the same snipers to fire on our present President Carter deserves the support of Red China are the culls left over for the president. all Americans during this period of diplo­ people and the food fruit is shipped to Hong Now is the time for all Americans to act matic stress and strain. He can only be as Kong for sale on the free market. calmly and support our highest-elected offi­ strong as we'll allow him to be and at this As our bus bounced along a narrow coun­ cial. Political charges and emotional cries time, strength and cool actions are the try road toward a hot springs spa for lunch, should not be allowed to blot out the voice order of the day. I wondered how long the government could of President Reagan as he speaks on foreign You are on the right road, Mr. President, keep the people from realizing their plight. affairs. More than one voice will only clut­ don't stop now. The fancy restaurant at the spa had several ter up his message and eventually the world 36790 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985 will not know where we stand on important so the troops can watch for possible infiltra­ bathed in the river, rice paddies ready to be issues. tors and if fighting breaks out they will harvested, red peppers drying by the road Misunderstanding in the age of sophisti­ have clear fields for firing their automatic side and the people working the fields. It's a cated nuclear weapons and delivery systems weapons. During the winter months the damn shame it took so many good lives to can result in the destruction of· our entire snow covered hills are easy to scan for prove a point in an imperfect world which civilization. tracks of enemy infiltrators. as a whole really hasn't changed that much. The north sides of the hills held by the I am happy that I had the opportunity to APRIL 22, 1985 Americans and ROK soldiers are covered be in Korea when it counted. My return Once a Marine always a Marine. The with razor-sharp wire and a deep ditch runs visit has convinced me that at least one pastor of St. Anne's parish showed his along the forward slope. Also powerful spot­ small part of the world benefitted from the colors 10 years ago in Vietnam, according to lights, which flash on sporadically at night, presence of Americans more than thirty Newsweek's special edition on "The Legacy face the North Koreans. The reverse slopes years ago. If only Estrada, Skipper, Vennec­ of Vietnam." Father John McVeigh was of the outposts have large orange panels to cuci, King, Cunningham, Brown and the then head of the Catholic Relief Service in warn our airplanes not to fly north or they other thousands who died could still be here Vietnam when the disorderly scramble to will come under fire. Also snuggled comfort­ to enjoy the fruits of their work and suffer­ leave the country was underway. ably in pits by the orange panels are mor­ ing. Thousands of friendly Vietnamese were tars in case they are needed. being left behind to be slaughtered by the Early in the morning Carolyn, my wife, DECEMBER 9, 1985 neighbor George Brookman, cousin Bill Bie­ Viet Cong. Gen. Brent Scowcroft, the top Received a couple of letters letting me aid for Henry Kissinger, cabled Ambassador sanz and I had met with U.S. Army Major Ernie Comer and ROK Col. Han Doo Sik at know that not everybody has forgotten the Graham Martin; "Should insure that all, Korean Conflict. Lew Conant of Las Vegas, rept. all, Americans are evacuated in this Camp Red Cloud near Uijongbu. Both men are key members of the ROK-US Combined representing the Society of the Third Infan­ operation ASAP." According to Newsweek, try Division, wants support for memorializ­ Martin wired back: "Among Americans here Field Army who agreed to escort us to the demilitarized zone better known as ing of his division. The "Rock of the is Father McVeigh, head of the Catholic Mame" Division did an excellent job in both Relief Service, who will not leave without "The Z" by Second Division troops. We were joined by Capt. Cynthia Kaywell and Lt. world wars and Korea. his Vietnamese staff ... How will the Having served in combat with the 38th president explain to . . . Cardinal Cooke, Col. Ken Okimoto, both reservists from Hawaii on active duty. "Rock of the Mame" Regiment in the Father McVeigh's great and good friend, Second Infantry Division helped me under­ why I left him?" Camp Red Cloud is close to the 43rd MASH where I was patched up one time. It stand Conant's feeling. Our regiment prior McVeigh's staff faced double jeopardy to Korea was part of the old Third Division. with a communist takeover. Being friendly became known to world television viewers as the 4077th MASH. Probably the only realis­ Incidentally, the Second Infantry Division to Americans was bad enough and being is still on the line in Korea. Catholic added to their problems. However, tic thing about the television series is the gap in the mountains the helicopter flies Jerry Eitner of Kaysville, Utah, reminds the Marine chaplin surfaced in the Irish me that the "Chosin Few" will commemo­ priest who stayed to take his staff with him through at the beginning of every show. The gap in the mountains is still there but rate their 35th anniversary in San Diego during the final hours of American presence this month. He expects about 1,000 survi­ in Saigon. the old MASH is now home for a ROK army unit. vors of the battle at the Chosin Reservoir to Marines never leave behind their living, attend the reunion. It was in December of dead or wounded buddies. It was the first day of school for Korean youngsters and they waved to us as we 1950 when 15,000 allied ground troops bat­ SEPTEMBER 13, 1985 headed for the DMZ in a military van. We tled 120,000 Chinese in below zero weather stopped in a small village for a highly spiced in North Korea. The syrupy female voice echoed across Korean lunch at a small house we entered Korea has been termed the forgotten war. the valley that runs in front of Old Baldy, from an alley. Col. Han and Major Comer Eitner said, but he points out that more Pork Chop and T-Bone hills, It had the know the area well and were greeted with than 54,000 Americans died during that same sweetness and luring qualities of the open arms. three year war. He adds that 8,177 Ameri­ voices heard long ago, only this time the The road out of the villag~ took us cans are still listed as missing in action, message was in Korean and not English as it through military activities which included compared to the 2,485 MIAs of Vietnam and was in the 1950s. live heavy artillery fire landing in the 4,512 of WWI. Republic of Korea combat leader Colonel mountains. We soon left the paved road at a That's the battle which resulted in Marine Jeung only grunted "propaganda" when I bridge where babies were being bathed in Maj. Gen. Oliver P. Smith saying, "Retreat, asked what she was telling his troops dug in the river and people were working the hell! We're just attacking in a different di­ on the hills facing North Korea. fields. The rice fields, to be harvested in rection." I couldn't understand what the luring about four more weeks, should produce voice was saying in August, 1985, but 33 bumper crops. The already harvested red years ago a similar voice told us to come peppers were drying on the side of the dusty TRIBUTE TO TOMMY over and join her and her friends. Some­ road. WINEBRENNER times the loudspeaker would suddenly break Soon we were on the road winding behind SPEECH OF the deadly silence of night with music and the DMZ and it was necessary to transfer then the voice would tell one of us she had into ROK jeeps for the climb up to the out­ HON. DAN LUNGREN our mail from home. Other nights she post overlooking Pork Chop. Yes, the hills would be more threatening and tell us it was and mountains of Korea are just as steep as OF CALIFORNIA a shame that we were going to die for a use­ I remembered from the months spent climb­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES less cause. This was usually followed by ing them during hot and steamy monsoon Wednesday, December 11, 1985 mortar shelling and sometimes by an infan­ rains and bitter cold winter months. try probe of our outpost. The ROK troops of Col. Yeung are in top Mr. LUNGREN. Mr. Speaker, this Standing with the ROK soldiers looking physical condition and according to Col. evening I would like to salute Tommy directly down on the hill we called Pork Han and Major Comer, they have the same Winebrenner, a stalwart and essential serv­ Chop was irritating because it is now held tough mental attitude. I feel good about ant of this Chamber for over three decades. by the North Koreans. The outline of a them and am happy they are our friends. As minority doorkeeper, Tommy has kept North Korean soldier was easily picked up They certainly proved it by joining us in as I gazed through the binoculars. Old Vietnam and sending crack troops there to Members of this body apprised of schedul­ Baldy and T•Bone, other hills where barrels fight. ing, debates, and votes amidst the most of American blood were shed in the 1950s, Standing on the towering hill and looking severe confusion-a state that frequently are also in the hands of the enemy. One down at the North Koreans on Pork Chop prevails in the House. thing remains the same; the South Korean made me wonder if all of the blood shed for After serving as a page for Majority troops know that the men across from them these hills was worth the end results. The Leader Charlie Halleck, Tommy worked for are still the enemy. It is not a peaceful place names Estrada, Skipper, Vennecucci, King, 5 years as a telephone clerk in the House for either Americans of the U.S. Second Di­ Cunningham and Brown flashed through Republican Cloakroom, for 4 years as an vision or their ROK comrades. my mind. They are all dead and the North The steep hills are now covered with Koreans are sitting on the hills where these assistant manager of that same Cloakroom, green foliage and most of the war's scars are men died more than thirty years ago. and then for 12 years as minority postmas­ covered with trees and brush. However, the Then I recalled the happy children on ter. He was elected by acclamation as the slopes running off the hills are scraped bare their way to school, the little babies being minority doorkeeper in 1975. December 16, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36791 Tommy is very well-liked, and with good Majesty King Hassan was a key interme­ The history of Yugoslavia during World reason. A member of the Marine Corps Re­ diary in the first contacts between Egypt War II is very complex. It is also very serves for 6 years, he has displayed large and Israel, resulting in the signing of the cruel. Tragically, the cruelty did not end amounts of civic and community spirit. He Camp David accords in 1979? The service with the war's finish. During the war, dif­ is chairman of the administrative board which the Kingdom of Morocco has provid­ ferent nationalities and ideological groups and council on ministries for the Alders­ ed to the United States has been sustained vied for power in Yugoslavia or struggled gate United Methodist Church in Alexan­ over many years, but perhaps because His for national independence. As the war dria. And he is an umpire and referee in Majesty King Hassan prefers a low-key came to an end, the communists under Tito the Fort Hunt Youth Athletic Association style, the United States often fails to ade­ emerged as the victors. That meant that baseball and basketball leagues. quately appreciate Morocco's efforts. whole sections of the population who had In the House, Tommy is conscientious, Mr. Speaker, we are all extremely con­ opposed Tito were doomed to punishment. energetic, and always well-informed. He scious of the effects of the Federal spend­ One of Tito's closes aides, Milovan Djilas, keeps this Chamber in operation by assist­ ing reductions on the lives of the American wrote in his book Wartime that people ing both Democrats and Republicans with people. I think we owe it to them to ensure were held "guilty not necessarily of having their responsibilities. In a time when Con­ that the money which is sent overseas as done something, but simply of having be­ gress is constantly criticized, Tommy Wine­ foreign aid goes to those countries which longed to something • • • OZNA, the brenner is a source of pride for his col­ are in need of it and have proven them­ secret police, was methodically tracking leagues and the Members of Congress. I'm selves true friends of the United States. Too them down, spreading its dragnet, conduct­ delighted to commend him for his many often we extend aid to governments which ing arrests and executions." years of service. are known to be uncooperative and even An enormous flood of terrified refugees hostile to the policies of the United States. fled over the border into Italy and Austria. We cannot afford to do that any longer. These included several hundred thousand MOROCCO, FRIEND OF THE As a superpower, America has worldwide Croatian soldiers and civilians. In May UNITED STATES political and economic interests which 1945, these refugees made contact with the must be protected. It is my hope that when British Army at the quiet Austrian village HON. CHARLES WILSON the administration and the Congress look of Bleiburg, hoping to win sanctuary. In­ OF TEXAS at these interests next year, in preparation stead, they were disarmed and on May 16 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for a new foreign aid budget, they will real­ escorted back across the border into Yugo­ ize that a long-time friend and ally such as Monday, December 16, 1985 slavia, where Tito's forces were waiting for the Kingdom of Morocco is deserving of them. According to accounts, the first Mr. WILSON. Mr. Speaker, I would like more substantive recognition and support, groups were fired upon and massacred. to take this opportunity to bring to the at­ and will increase Morocco's foreign aid Other contingents of soldiers and refu­ tention of my colleagues the contribution levels. gees who had surrendered to the British made to United States worldwide strength The preservation of our national security were also extradited back to Yugoslavia in and security by one of our oldest friends, depends on a more realistic and pragmatic railway cars and military vehicles. Still the Kingdom of Morocco. vision of where our interests lie and who others were forced to march across Yugo­ Morocco and its people have been a our friends are in the world. In my opin­ slavia. Eyewitness accounts that have been friend and ally of the United States for two ion, Morocco has shown itself to be a stable compiled, relate unspeakable cruelty and centuries-in fact, Morocco was one of the and steady friend of the United States, as suffering. Croatian scholars in the West es­ first countries to extend the hand of recog­ well as a proud and independent nation­ timate that a quarter of a million Croatians nition and friendship to the fledgling Re­ traits which we have found to be in scarce died in the massacres, death marches and public at its birth. supply in that turbulent and critical part of concentration camps. For Croatians, the Since that time, the ties between Morocco the world. I would hope that my colleagues quiet village of Bleiburg is now associated and the United States have grown and will join me in an effort next year to in­ with tragedy and death. deepened to the point where Morocco now crease our aid to Morocco, to demonstrate Last week, the House of Representatives constitutes one of our most valuable strate­ to our friend and to the rest of the world debated the resolution to commemorate gic assets in the North African/Middle East that the United States stands by its friends man's inhumanity to man. Unhappily, the and rewards them for their contribution to region. history of our century has too many exam­ United States national security. In fact, Mr. Speaker, the calm and steady ples of man's inhumanity to man. The Blei­ nature of United States-Moroccan friend­ burg tragedy is yet another example of how ship has sometimes led the United States to FORTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF cruel people can be to one another. It is yet take this old friend somewhat for granted. THE BLEIBURG TRAGEDY another reason to rededicate ourselves to For example, I am willing to bet that not the cause of peace and human rights. Man­ many of my colleagues realize the extent HON. MARY ROSE OAKAR kind, which is capable of great creativity and variety of the military cooperation and good, can also perpetrate enormous de­ which we currently have with Morocco-a OF OHIO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES struction and suffering. Let us resolve to total of 30 joint military maneuvers sched­ harness the dark side of human nature and uled for 1985 alone. That is the largest pro­ Monday, December 16, 1985 assert our compassion, cooperation and tol­ gram we have with any country bordering Ms. OAKAR. Mr. Speaker, in 1985, we ob­ erance of one another so that man's inhu­ the Mediterranean-and I don't have to served many 40-year anniversary com­ manity to man, while a painful memory, remind my colleagues that several NATO memorations of the end of World War II. will serve as a lesson to guide us toward a countries border that sea. We had an opportunity to ponder the horri­ more humane and peaceful future. The importance of this kind of coopera­ ble tragedy and remember its millions upon tion is all too evident when one looks at a millions of victims. In my own city of map; Morocco holds the key to the Straits Cleveland, the Croatian community orga­ INTERNATIONAL HUMAN of Gibraltar and is crucial to the security nized a Joint Committee of Croatian-Amer­ RIGHTS DAY of the Western Atlantic approaches to the ican organizations to observe the 40th an­ Mediterranean. Its location in the north­ niversary of the Bleiburg-Maribor tragedy, HON. HENRY A. WAXMAN west part of Mrica has often proved criti­ a little-known catastrophe that claimed OF CALIFORNIA cal to Western efforts to assist friendly hundreds of thousands of victims. On IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES governments in Africa, such as Zaire. Sunday, May 26, 1985 a memorial mass was Morocco has also proved to be an impor­ celebrated for the war dead at St. Paul's Monday, December 16, 1985 tant player in United States efforts to rellch Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland. A Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Speaker, I would like a peaceful solution to the Arab-Israeli con­ commemorative program was held after­ to join my colleagues in celebrating Inter­ flict. How many of us are aware that His ward. national Human Rights Day. This day com- 36792 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985 memorates the signing of the Universal tion currently being disseminated that leg­ CONGRESSMAN GILMAN IN Declaration on Human Rights in 1948 and islation passed in 1980, Public Law 96-494, TRIBUTE TO MARTIN LUTHER honors the numerous men and women who contains provisions allowing grain farmers KING DAY have fought, and are still fighting, for fun­ hurt by the embargo to make damage damental human rights around the world. claims to the Federal Government. HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN Emerging from the horrors of World War Mail reaching my office and those of II, the Universal Declaration of Human other members of Congress has referred to OF NEW YORK Rights was the first document to spell out a form 95 that would be used in filing these IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the need for basic understandings on claims for alleged grain market damages. Monday, December 4, 1985 human rights held by all the peoples of this The basis for filing is cited as Public Law world. In terms of world history, the con­ Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, on January 96-494, signed into law on December 3, 20, 1986, for the first time, Martin Luther cept of human rights is a new and radical 1980. one. Thus, many governments still do not King, Jr.'s birthday will be celebrated as a The Department of Agriculture has re­ national holiday. It is not the first time, honor what we consider to be essential ported that form 95 has no relationship human rights. We must work hard to keep however, that a man has voiced a dream; a whatsoever to embargo claims. Title II, sec­ the struggle for human rights alive in these dream of ending racial inequality, a dream tion 406 of the cited law is the basis for nations by supporting the countless people of affecting nonviolent social change. Dr. who have suffered because of their firm be­ claiming these refunds. Yet this section of King's work echoes the efforts of so many liefs in human rights, and by never ceasing the law specifically exempts grains from black leaders who, through their struggles, our pressure on their governments to any potential claims. The full text of the may have gained popularity, infamy, or a honor their rights. We must speak out for section follows: combination of both. Consider Harriet these people and for those who insist that Notwithstanding any other provision of Tubman, the escaped slave who risked their countries be held accountable for law, the Secretary of Agriculture may use, death by returning to the South again and human rights. subject to such terms and conditions as the again, leading hundreds of slaves to free­ Secretary may deem appropriate, the funds, An individual story will underscore the dom, or Frederick Douglass, the great abo­ facilitates, and authorities of the Commodi­ litionist statesman, or, as a modern exam­ importance of our struggle: The case of Mr. ty Credit Corporation in purchasing and Yosef Berenshtein. Mr. Berenshtein is a ple of leadership Bishop Desmond Tutu. handling agricultural products, other than The setting may change from year to year, Hewbrew teacher from Kiev who was false­ grains, that <1 > were intended to be export­ ly accused and charged within this past ed to the Union of Soviet Socialist Repub­ but the struggles and dreams go on. Honor­ year. After being unjustly charged, he was lics under contracts entered into prior to ing Martin Luther King, Jr., is a symbolic sentenced to 4 years in a labor camp. While January 5, 1980, but <2> cannot be exported occasion . . . a day commemorating all in the camp, he was subjected to a tremen­ under such contracts due to the imposition, these heroes from the past and the coura­ dous amount of physical burtality by other on January 4, 1980, of restrictions on the geous men and women of today who have inmates; his eyes were severely injured and export of agricultural products to the Union dedicated their lives to the battle against as a result became infected. Had it not been of Soviet Socialist Republics in the same bigotry, injustice and, immorality. for the support of many voices in the West, manner and under the same conditions as Let us take a moment to put this symbol­ including many in Congress, Mr. Berensh­ the Secretary purchases and handles grains ic occasion into the context of the Ameri­ under similar contracts and subject to the can civil rights movement. tein would never have been allowed to imposition of the same restrictions. leave prison to receive the medical atten­ Martin Luther King, Jr., was born in tion he so critically needed. Policymakers had taken action to at­ 1929 in Atlanta, GA, to the son of a former By committing ourselves, on a consistent, tempt to ease the impact of the embargo slave. In a country that professed equality long-term basis, we can help make a differ­ prior to enactment of this law. President of rights for all men, most black Americans ence in the worldwide struggle for human Carter directed then-Secretary Robert only knew the reality of segregation. In­ rights. I want to say today that I have Bergland to use existng discretionary au­ equalities in employment opportunities, made this commitment and will continue to thority to stabilize commodity prices. Sev­ and physical separation from the American uphold it in the coming years. eral actions were taken, including the pur­ white population, was the unwritten law of chase of export contract rights with respect the land. It was in this racial context that to embargoed wheat, corn, soybeans, and Martin Luther King, Jr., first set out in GRAIN EMBARGO CLAIMS soybean products. 1955 to "rewrite" the written and spoken Provisions of Public Law 96-494 included word of racism. HON. VIRGINIA SMITH higher price support loans under the farm­ When in 1955 a black woman named OF NEBRASKA owned grain reserve available to producers Rosa Parks was told to move to the back of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of 1980 and 1981 crops of wheat and feed the bus in Atlanta, GA, she said "No.'' Martin Luther, then a young minister in a Monday, December 16, 1985 grains. Secretary of Agriculture Bergland offered these higher support rates to pro­ local Baptist church, organized a boycott Mrs. SMITH of Nebraska. Mr. Speaker, of the bus company. Within 6 months, the confusion has recently been generated in ducers on December 3, 1980. courts ruled that the segregation of public my State and across the Nation regarding Subsequent action took place under the transportation unconstitutional. the provisions of a law passed by the 96th provisions of Public Law 98-181, passed by This was only the beginning of a series of Congress Public Law 96-494. the Congress in 1983. Section 2002 of this boycotts, rallies, and marches which even­ Apparently misleading information is law authorized the Commodity Credit Cor­ tually earned for Dr. King, in 1964, one of currently being disseminated in many farm poration (CCC) to pay losses, if any, in­ the world's highest honors, the Nobel Peace areas that this legislation, which was en­ curred by exporters of frozen hog carcasses Prize. Nonviolent social change was Martin acted on December 3, 1980, provides for re­ and frozen broilers whose contract ship­ Luther's legacy. He knew in America that imbursement of losses incurred by grain ments had been suspended by the embargo. the most effective use of political power farmers as a result of the 1980 grain em­ Final settlement has been made by the CCC came ihrough the revolution of values, not bargo. on all such claims. through any arm-twisting or bloodshed. Al­ President Carter's 1980 grain embargo I do not feel that these actions were ade­ though, ironically, Dr. King's life was against the Soviet Union most certainly quate to compensate grain producers for marked by many instances of violent oppo­ had a damaging impact on the American losses incurred as a result of this policy sition to his ideas and lead ultimately to agricultural economy. In fact, the Depart­ disaster. However, these were the actions his untimely death, the power of his words ment of Agriculture's Economic Research taken by policymakers at that time, and no and deeds have been translated into con­ Service is in the midst of a study of the further direct compensation is available to crete laws. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 extent of this damage. While I support this grain producers under this legislation at guarantees all Americans equal use of study, I am concerned about the informa- this time. public accommodations and employment December 16, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36793 opportunities based on merit, not on color. be meeting with Soviet Premier Mikhail processors millions of dollars in lost busi­ The Voting Rights Act of 1965 gave perma­ Gorbachev; Whereas, it is necessary for us ness and jobs. nent voting rights to black Americans. Now as Jews to take action and make issues such As a result, my bill would exempt casing, it is the black American who is shaping as Soviet Jewry a prime concern of Presi­ dent Reagan; Therefore, on this 12th day of tubing, drill pipe or line pipe used to proc­ those laws on which he previously was not November, 1985, the Judaica High School of ess oil country tubular goods from any even able to vote. North Broward, FL, hereby proclaims No­ quantitative limitations established under But maybe even more important than the vember 10, 1985, to December 10, 1985, any of our bilateral steel arrangements. laws, are the values which Martin Luther Social Action Month. These materials must be entered under King, Jr., preached that have so deeply As members of the next generation, these temporary import bond [TIB], certified by touched our lives: The commitment to young adults wanted to express their con­ the selling country to be exported into the fighting for quality education, for housing cern that peace without human rights is a United States only for processing into and jobs deserved by men and women of all meaningless peace. It pleases me to see goods to be subsequently exported. Upon color. It is not difficult to see how the dem­ young people involved in such a timely importation into the United States, import­ onstrations in Birmingham, AL, the free­ issue of world concern. Efforts like those ers, in addition to posting the bond and dom rides, and the legal battles in the of the J udaica High School are very impor­ presenting the certification from the ex­ courts were carried out in the name of true tant in keeping the spotlight of public at­ porting country, must give Customs infor­ freedom and equality for all. As Dr. King tention on the human rights violations of mation regarding how the unfinished prod­ so eloquently put it: the Soviet Union. Only through constant uct will be processed and when the finished The needs of 20 million Negros are not pressure will the Soviet Union change its goods will be exported. If the U.S. proces­ truly separable from those of nearly 200 sor does not export the finished product million whites and Negros in America, all of treatment of Soviet Jews. I commend these whom will benefit from a color-blind land of students and encourage them to continue within the I-year deadline of the TIB, he or plenty. their efforts on behalf of the Jews and she will be penalized by an amount twice the FOB value of the imported merchan­ And if these words ring true for Ameri­ other persecuted minorities of the Soviet Union. dise. As under the current TIB, Customs cans, it is not difficult to see how these may grant an extension of the bond to a words apply to all those presently engaged I will continue to speak out so that one day Soviet Jews will have the fundamental maximum of 3 years if the bond holder can in the struggle for equal treatment prove the need for an extension. throughout the world. The South African rights that all human beings enjoy. TI B's are normally held for twice the crisis comes to mind when one thinks of value of the estimated duty owed on the social unrest and blatant segregation. Do STEEL EXPORT PROTECTION merchandise. My bill would increase the not Dr. King's words ring true in this in­ BILL INTRODUCED bond value to twice the FOB value of the stance as do his principles and values time and time again? goods. Therefore, if the terms of the bond were in default and any imports were to And now we have before us a chance to HON. BILL FRENZEL enter the domestic economic commerce of rededicate ourselves to the dream of equal OF MINNESOTA the United States, the resulting stiff penalty rights. By setting aside a special day, we IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES will ensure that the finished product could will be reminded of the progress which we not undersell any domestic product. have made in attaining racial equality since Monday, December 16, 1985 Because of that likelihood, it is my ex­ the tumultuous days of the 1950's and Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, today Con­ pectation that all pipe and tube entered 1960's and be able to recommit ourselves gressman JIM JONES and I have introduced under this bill actually be exported and not yearly to ensurir- g that Dr. King's dream H.R. 3939, the Oil Country Tubular Goods directly compete with domestic product. becomes a permanent and worldwide reali­ Export Protection Act. The intent of this I urge my colleagues to support this bill ty. By setting aside this special day, we will bill is to permit U.S. processors of oil coun­ which I believe will create many jobs in the be expressing the hope of creating a more try tubular goods [OCTG] to remain com­ steel industry. just world-a world that rids itself of dis­ petitive in the international marketplace. crimination and which affects social Mr. Speaker, many of the bilateral ar­ change through nonviolent means. rangements on steel products have had the COMMITTEE FOR MIGRATION Accordingly, Mr. Speaker, I urge my col­ unfortunate effect of limiting the importa­ leagues and all citizens to join in appropri­ tion of pipe and tube products that are fin­ HON. JOE MOAKLEY ate ceremonies and celebrations marking ished here in the United States for export. OF MASSACHUSETrS January 30, 1985 as the first national Quantitative limitations on steel products, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Martin Luther King holiday. while attempting to save some U.S. steel jobs, have only eliminated jobs in other Monday, December 16, 1985 JUDAICA HIGH SCHOOL OF sectors of the U.S. steel industry by reduc­ Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, there is a NORTH BROWARD, FL, PRESS­ ing the ability of steel processors to realize program in El Salvador, operated by the ES PRESIDENT REAGAN ON their full market potential abroad. Proces­ Intergovernmental Committee for Migra­ HUMAN RIGHTS ISSUES sors with whom I am familiar supply 50 to tion [ICM], which has received frequent 60 percent or more U.S. value added during mention of late within the context of the the finishing process, which gives them the consideration of my Salvadoran refugee HON. LAWRENCE J. SMITH potential of creating many new jobs in the protection bill, H.R. 822. I think my col­ OF FLORIDA steel industry. leagues should be given the facts about this IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES While it is true that some of these pipe program, as I think the significance of Monday, December 16, 1985 and tube products are available from U.S. ICM's efforts in El Salvador is being mis­ Mr. SMITH of Florida. Mr. Speaker, manufacturers, they are often not available represented or misunderstood. There are today I rise to salute the energetic effort of at prices that would ensure the internation­ some who argue, inaccurately, that ICM the students of J udaica High School of al competitiveness of the U.S. processor. If performs a protection function in El Salva­ Broward County, FL, in their project to pe­ my bill does not pass, U.S. processors dor and that this has obviated the need for tition President Reagan on behalf of reli­ cannot purchase U.S. product; they will just temporary protections proposed in my leg­ gious freedom in the Soviet Union. lose sales abroad. They must have low-cost islation. This could not be farther from the These· high school students wrote the inputs to compete with low-priced OCTG of truth. President: other nations. ICM is under contract to the U.S. Depart­ Whereas, November 10, 1985, marks the The current pipe and tube quantitative ment of State to provide limited assistance tenth anniversary of United Nations Resolu­ restrictions do not supply the quantity of and monitoring to Salvadorans returned tion 3379 which declares that zionism is products needed by U.S. processors to sur­ from the United States to El Salvador. racism; and Whereas, President Reagan will vive. Restrictions have already cost U.S. However valuable the ICM's services may 36794 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985 be to returnees, theirs is not a protection in El Salvador, the program should be rec­ Mr. Speaker, Dennis Wyant exemplifies program, nor are the program's findings ognized as bearing little or no relationship what is good and what is right about man­ conclusive as to the fates of Salvadoran re­ to the issue of protection. kind. Put simply, he cares, and he has con­ turnees. ICM itself has commented, in a sistently and successfully channeled his statement describing the monitoring func­ DR. DENNIS R. WYANT caring and concern into action that is ben­ tions of the program, that its contacts with efiting those who are in need of a helping returnees are based on voluntary reporting hand and a chance to contribute to life and do not represent a scientific data base HON. G. V.(SONNY)MONTGOMERY through meaningful employment. upon which to construct definitive analyses OF MISSISSIPPI I know my colleagues will want to join of situations of returnees after a period of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES me in offering our congratulations and our resettlement. Monday, December 16, 1985 deepest appreciation to Dennis for his out­ Why is this not a protection program? Mr. MONTGOMERY. Mr. Speaker, it is standing work. First, it in no way alters the fundamental with great pleasure that I bring to the at­ fact of violence in El Salvador. An estimat­ tention of the Members of this body the re­ ed 50,000 civilians-innocent bystanders­ AMERICAN HISTORY AND THE markable achievements of a man who, have been killed in the 5-year-old civil war. BLACK WOMAN AND FAMILY though faced with tremendous adversity, Those 300-400 Salvadorans we return to El has successfully dedicated himself and his Salvador each month, as they endeavor talents to improving the condition of his HON. WALTER E. FAUNTROY once again to mix with the general Salva­ fellow man. OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA doran population, have every prospect of On December 7, Dr. Dennis R. Wyant, Di­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES meeting the same fate as those 50,000. The rector of the Veterans' Administration's Monday, December 16, 1985 chance of returnees encountering a guerril­ Vocational Rehabilitation and Counseling Mr. FAUNTROY. Mr. Speaker, American la ambush, a Salvadoran Air Force bomb­ Service, received the outstanding alumni history is an important record for the ref­ ing raid, a death squad bullet, or a guerril­ achievement award from the Wright State la conscription team are equally great University Alumni Association. erence of future generations. One of the whether or not they are participants in the Wright State's director of alumni affairs, most neglected records, needing documen­ ICM program. James Dock, made the following comments tation, has been that of the black woman Second, ICM is unable to follow up with upon presenting the award to Dennis and the black family in America. almost half of those returned. This is due during midyear commencement ceremo­ That unfortunate gap in our history of to several factors. Some returnees elect not nies: Americans is being addressed by the Mary to participate in the program. Others delib­ McLeod Bethune Museum-Archives located His quick but well-deserved rise to the top erately provide ICM with false addresses. of his profession not only serves as encour­ here in Washington, DC, which on October Still others reside in conflict zones largely agement to us but also represents all that is 15, 1982 by Public Law 97-329 became a inaccessible to ICM staff. good in a loving, caring person. The WSU historic site. Finally, ICM is not a refugee protection Alumni Association is proud of Dr. Wyant, a This important, only site for the collec­ organization. Its considerable competence man most deserving of our highest award. tion, indexing, preservation, and interpreta­ lies in its logistical assistance to refugees Mr. Speaker, the members of the Veter­ tion of American history as lived by black and immigrants around the world and in ans' Affairs Committee share in that pride women throughout America's history is its various educational and assistance pro­ for Dennis Wyant's achievements. He is a pressing forward in the collection and doc­ grams. It does not have an internationally good friend, a trusted adviser, and a suc­ umentation of private family archives, recognized protection mandate, nor does it cessful administrator of our programs that local fraternal-civic organizations' records, possess an accumulated body of experience provide training and employment assist­ and many other primary sources-all of in this area. I would think that both would ance for disabled veterans. which were rapidly disappearing through be required of any organization working in Dennis' enthusiasm and energy are inspi­ lack of an archival site for collection and the very fragile Salvadoran atmosphere. rational. He is an explorer, constantly an archival staff for indexing and preserva­ You should know that ICM, on behalf of looking for new and better ways to get the tion until the establishment of the Bethune the State Department, does perform some disabled back into the working main­ Museum-Archives. potentially valuable services to those our stream. In the process, he is giving thou­ Public Law 97-329, the original legisla­ Government returns to El Salvador. It pro­ sands of disabled veterans the opportunity tion introduced by me and by Congressman vides inland transportation, temporary na­ to overcome their handicaps and disabil­ JOHN SEIBERLING, contained funding lan­ tional ID cards (a necessity in El Salva­ ities, to fight back, and to remain produc­ guage that needed clarification. H.R. 1391 dor), initial food and lodging, and other tive. was introduced in the 99th Congress by services. ICM monitors the progress of Dennis' expertise in this endeavor was myself and Congressman JOHN SEIBERLING many returnees through the Salvadoran displayed long before he signed on with the for this purpose and the identical bill, S. postal system through a series of question­ VA, however. He served as Deputy Assist­ 1116, was introduced by Senator JOHN naires which returnees are requested to ant Secretary for Veterans Employment at WARNER in the Senate. mail to ICM on a periodic basis to inform the Department of Labor and on the staff H.R. 1391/S. 1116, with minor technical ICM of their well-being. Other returnees re­ for the President's Committee on Employ­ language changes, has now been passed by ceive direct followup by ICM or ICM-con­ ment or the Handicapped. He was also the the Senate and House and will shortly tract staff. national field service director of the Blind­ become public law. In a period of tight Since the ICM program began in Decem­ ed Veterans' Association. money, when we appropriated from the ber 1984, 22 Salvadoran participants in the Dennis brings to the job a firsthand un­ same fund $350,000 each for the Shake­ program have requested ICM assistance derstanding of the frustrations, the anxi­ speare Library and the Corcoran Gallery of with resettlement outside El Salvador. eties, and the hopes of the disabled and the Art, for example, the $100,000 for 3 years These 22 have stated that they have had knowledge of how to cope with a disability. for the work of the Bethune Museum-Ar­ "security problems" upon their return to El He is legally blind. chives seems a modest commitment but one Salvador and felt it unsafe to remain In A Vietnam-era veteran, Dennis has re­ that will pay large returns. their homeland. ceived the Disabled American Veterans Na­ The credit for bringing about the passage Mr. Speaker, I wish to reiterate that it is tional Commanders Award for participa­ of this legislation belongs to loyal and the general condition of violence and civil tion in improving the employment pros­ worthy friends of the Bethune Museum-Ar­ strife in El Salvador that justifies a stay of pects of disabled persons; the American chives. Appreciation first must go the Con­ deportation for those Salvadorans fearing Legion Award of Merit; the Amvets Distin­ gressman BRUCE VENTO and Congressman return to their homeland at this time. guished Service Award, and the Blind ROBERT LAGOMARSINO for moving this leg­ While I urge my colleagues to respect the Person of the Year Award from the Nation­ islation through subcommittee and commit­ humanitarian aspects of the ICM program al Federaton of the Blind. tee action to the House floor successfully. I December 16, .1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36795 want to also express the appreciation of John Jankowski is a special man. In rate tax loopholes. We still must crack myself and Congressman SEIBERLING to 1960, he opened the Safari Motel & Restau­ down on the profiteers who weaken Ameri­ Senator JOHN WARNER for his good work rant in McMinnville, OR. His commitment ca's defenses through padding and fraud in in bringing his legislation through Senate to quality and to service has served our defense contracts. We still must make sure subcommittee, committee and floor action community well. We have all grown and that wasteful domestic spending programs successfully in a busy year of much legisla­ prospered under John's tutelage. are eliminated. tive action. Pride and spirit can be measured in But we have now taken the first step on Staff work on both the Senate and House many ways. And I firmly believe that the a path that will end Federal budget deficits side was exceptional. Particular mention true measure of a man is not in how much within 5 years. And, in the light of the last needs to be made of the vital roles played he earns, but in how much he gives back­ 5 years of fiscal madness, it's a giant step by Dale Crane, staff of the House Interior to his friends, to his family, to his commu­ toward mental health. Committee, and Marguerite Gras of my nity. own staff. McMinnville, OR, is proud of John Jan­ As further evidence of the mission and kowski. And I am, too. Keep up the good MIRACLE WORKER-DANTE capabilities of the Bethune Museum and work, John! FASCELL Archives, I must pay high tribute to the work of Dr. Bettye Collier-Thomas, direc­ THE MADNESS COMES TO AN HON. CHARLES E. BENNETT tor of the museum, and Mr. Guy McElroy, END OF FLORIDA curator and assistant director of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES museum in providing expert information at HON. THOMAS A. LUKEN each step of the legislative process. The Monday, December 16, 1985 loyal support of the members of the Na­ OF OHIO Mr. BENNETT. Mr. Speaker, the front tional Council of Negro Women, and Dr. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES page article of the November 10 edition of Dorothy Height, president, were also of im­ Monday, December 16, 1985 Tropic, the Miami Herald Sunday magazine measurable assistance in bringing about Mr. LUKEN. Mr. Speaker, the madness told of our beloved colleague DANTE FAS­ this needed legislation. Mrs. Charles had to come to an end. The Federal Gov­ CELL in an article: "Miracle Worker.'' I in­ Rangel, chairperson of the legislative com­ ernment's habit of spending $4 for every $3 clude herewith a few quotations from this mittee of the board of directors of the Be­ taken in is winding down, finally. That is well deserved tribute to the great man who thune Museum-Archives presented a con­ the promise of Gramm-Rudman. For the heads our Foreign Affairs Committee. stant and dedicated assistance. first time since the 1986 budget process MIRACLE WORKER When the pages of American history are began 11 months ago, fiscal sanity is show­ "Let's go!" the congressman says, and he fully written, each of the above and the ing its face in Congress. charges out of the office and down the hall, Congress of the United States, can claim The policy of spend, spend, spend, staffers and supplicants in tow. It is a Tues­ some measure of credit for the assistance borrow, borrow, borrow, is morally and in­ day morning and the King is coming to to that important mission. tellectually bankrupt-and America would town, the one from Jordan, Hussein. But first there is business to conduct, deals to My deepest thanks and gratitude to each soon be literally bankrupt if we allowed the make, meetings to attend. Fascell is in over­ of you for your support in this worthy policy to continue. Already we have seen drive, power-walking like an Olympian, cause. our industrial base seriously weakened, gaining speed from liberal use of the fore­ and our agricultural sector deeply injured. arms. He would be believable as a plumber It is none too soon that Congress and the or a Navy mechanic. Old Southern congress­ PROUD OF JOHN JANKOWSKI administration are finally turning away men are supposed to have distinguished from the policies of unlimited spending and white hair, mellifluous voices, distractingly HON. LES AuCOIN borrowing. articulate speech, but Fascell is gruff, Jowly, blunt, a bulldog among the swans. He is OF OREGON Gramm-Rudman is based on the com­ built low to the ground, for better corner­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES monsense idea that if something is worth ing. Monday, December 16, 1985 buying, it's worth paying for-and if it's After a quick left and a quick right he not worth paying for, it's not worth buying. rides the elevator to the sub-basement, cuts Mr. AUCOIN. Mr. Speaker, we've all Most Americans understand that, and it's through the boiler room-he hates to waste heard the expression, "he pulled himself up about time their Government understood. time-and then loads himself into a cart by his bootstraps." I'd like to recognize an Back in May, a small group of stingy that looks a tad like the Conch Train down Oregonian today who did just that. Congresspeople (and I am proud to be in Key West. An attendant throws a lever John Jankowski has been a vital part of counted as one of them) tried to bring and the cart goes humming on train tracks Yamill County, OR, for 25 years. As a busi­ fiscal sanity to the House of Representa­ down a curved, gloomy tunnel. A little nessman and community leader, John has subway for congressmen. This is the first tives with a budget amendment designed to thing that seems a little strange. not only built a successful business, but cut spending more deeply and fairly, and At the end of the ride he finds himself he's made many close friends. I count also close some of the most outrageous cor­ deep beneath the United States Capitol. An myself as one of them. porate tax loopholes. escalator and another elevator take him to The McMinnville Chamber of Commerce Representative LEATH authored the the Rules Committee room. The entire trip recently presented John with its President's amendment. I supported it, as did former avoids any contact with sunlight and, more Award for his outstanding commitment to Budget Committee Chairman JIM JONES of importantly, tourists, thousands of whom his town and his State. This honor could Oklahoma, and a small number of Demo­ roam the Capitol, driven by a thirst for the not have gone to a more deserving person. symbols of democracy. This is the second crats and Republicans who were willing to thing that seems a little strange. You just Life has not always been easy for John risk the anger of defense contractors, and can't believe that the Congress actually Jankowski. He was born in Poland. In other special interests. But, when the votes works here, that it continues to operate the 1939, he joined the army and received his were counted, there were only 52 of us­ government of the United States above and officer's commission. He spent 5 years in a and 372 who preferred a bigger budget and below and around these innumerable bus­ German prisoner-of-war camp. Because he a bigger deficit. loads of people from Dubuque and Akron escape his captors, John is one of only a I rose to speak on the floor of the House and Montgomery. handful of survivors of that camp. of Representatives at that time in support In the Rules Committee room a surpris­ John eventually made his way to Eng­ of the Leath amendment. I said that voting ingly small and cramped chamber with fancy curtains, Claude Pepper calls the land, where he joined the Polish Govern­ for the amendment was politically danger­ meeting to order. Eight Democrats sit to his ment in exile. After World War II, he trav­ ous-but it was a "badge of courage" to left. One Republican sits to his right. A few eled to Canada in search of work. He la­ vote for it. other Republicans wander in and then bored on a sugar beet farm by day, and The road ahead will also take courage. quickly leave. They know they don't have a studied English at night. We still must close those outrageous corpo- chance against Fascell, who heads the For- 36796 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, ,1985 eign Affairs Committee, and who is such a aid has never been politically popular, even Fascell is viciously pragmatic, willing to powerful congressman that he once pushed though it's a great way to implement and compromise in a pinch. He beelines for the through foreign aid bill that included mil­ regulate a foreign policy. It means giving common ground with the unerring instinct lions of dollars for Miami. money to people who are not Americans. of a sea turtle. No one-it's almost sad-no one will ever This doesn't go over well with the folks in Thirty years he's been in Washington and build a big marble Lincoln Memorial-style the cheap seats. Zablocki couldn't even get a he still gets a charge from it all, a sensation. monument in honor of Dante B. Fascell, D­ bill out of committee. To think: He is part of it. He is one of the Fla., representative of the 19th congression­ Then Fascell took over in January 1984, chosen, picked from among the teeming al district, going on 31 years in Congress. knocked heads, kicked tail, and within a few minions to be a leader, his only boss the He deserves something. Maybe a good, months he had rammed the bill through the Constitution. He is part of it: Checks and solid statue. It would not have to be a tall House. Judging from the incredulous reac­ balances. Representative government. The statute. In fact it could be rather squat. tion of the Congress-watchers. you'd have Grand Continuum of Democracy! Stubby. Oblate. The countenance would thought Fascell had sin.gle-handedly bal­ "It's still not lost on me, I still get tin­ have a lot of ... character, shall we say. anced the budget. gles," he says at one point. "Y'know, looking And instead of a scroll in his left hand, it What does this stocky old guy know that at the flag flying over the Capitol, and the would be a pipe. And a Captain Black pouch others don't? What is The Secret? dome is lit and you're walking through the sticking out the back pocket. The inscrip­ The answer isn't obvious. Or maybe it's so halls and you're looking at Washington and tion, the one glorious quotation to remem­ obvious it's invisible. Mostly, Fascell talks to Lincoln and Roosevelt and Stevenson and ber him by, could be simply: "You have to people. all the rest of the great figures in American have the votes." On Feb. 9, 1984, barely a month after he history ..." In a way Fascell already has monuments finally became chairman of the Foreign Af­ everywhere, particularly in his district, fairs Committee, Fascell was presiding over which runs from Coconut Grove to Key a hearing and listening to Defense Secre­ RABBIS PROTEST IN SUPPORT West and once covered all of Dade and tary Caspar Weinberger testify when he was OF HUMAN RIGHTS Monroe counties. Radio Marti is a monu­ summoned into a back room. Two of his ment to his anti-Castro passion. Biscayne aides, Bob O'Regan and Barbara Burris, National Park is a monument to his stub­ were waiting. They told Fascell that his HON. MANUEL LUJAN, JR. bornness and refusal to cave in to develop­ only son, Dante Jon, called "Deej" by the OF NEW MEXICO ers. The new bridges in the Keys, and the family, had been killed in a collision on the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES new water main to Key West ... those were Seven Mile Bridge. Fascell. The new beach on Miami Beach ... "It's just a big blur right now," he says as Monday, December 16, 1985 Fascell. The War Powers Act, the establish­ he shifts in his armchair. "Somebody got Mr. LUJAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to ment of the Consumer Protection Agency, me, said it was an emergency call. My son the Department of Housing and Urban De­ had been killed. I don't know. Maybe I bring an urgent matter to the attention of velopment, the Department of Education, talked to my wife. It's just a big blur. my colleagues. Five American rabbis have the extension of the principle of govern­ "You go on doing the best you can. You been denied their right to due process and ment-in-the-sunshine to Congress ... Fas­ never really get over the loss of a child or a are now sitting in a jail in Petersburg, VA. cell had his thick hand in all that. loved one. But it makes you realize philo­ The rabbis were arrested for protesting in Yet, even though he's by all estimates one sophically about life and how quickly it can front of the Soviet Embassy in support of of the 10 most powerful and respected men change. It also makes you realize how beau­ human rights. in Congress, maybe one of the top five, he's tiful people are. We got correspondence Although the rabbis have no quarrel with still . . . well, he's still just a congressman. from all over the country. There was a tre­ their treatment, they do not understand, And he is an intentionally low-key one at mendous outpouring of sympathy and sup­ that. port. You know that there's just worlds of and neither do I, why they were not al­ What is perhaps most remarkable is that good people out there." lowed to plead their cases before a judge Fascell has prospered and grown powerful There's still the question of the Secret. and jury. despite a reformist upheaval that has made Maybe it's just that everybody likes Fascell, We have an obligation to fight Soviet re­ life a little harder for many of the old-line because he's so straight-ahead, so raw and pression where it exists. There are many re­ breed. real and honest. That's not exactly common fuseniks waiting to leave the U.S.S.R. and The greatest change during his 31-year in Washington. He's just a Heckuva Guy. we must bring attention to their case. tenure has been the ditching of the seniori­ Even the Republicans admire Fascell, Although I do not support breaking the ty system, which essentially gave power to though he doesn't vote with them like some whoever could live the longest. Old South­ of the Democratic "boll weevils" from the law, I do feel strongly that these rabbis de­ ern congressmen dominated the committees, South. "He is well-liked on our side of the serve to have their day in court. The Con­ created or disbanded subcommittees at will, aisle," says California Republican Robert gress must ensure that justice is applied picked themselves to chair all important "B-1 Bob" Dornan, who flies as far right as equally. It doesn't matter in front of which panels, hired all staff, scheduled all meet­ anyone in the House. "Personal warmth embassy the protest occurs. ings, stepped on any and all challengers. goes a long way. Fairness goes even far­ The Constitution, of course, didn't explicitly ther." say that Congress had to be fair. The Maybe The Secret is that Fascell is a true TRIBUTE TO MARIA younger congressmen would arrive in Wash­ patriot. He is an old-fashioned anti-Commu­ KWITKOWSKY ington and discover that they had been nist liberal, a disciple of the New Frontier. more or less disenfranchised. Naturally they He is one of the leading forces in Congress couldn't tell this to the people back home. to extend the message of America overseas, HON. DENNIS M. HERTEL They were supposed to be cheeses. And they lobbying hard for the Voice of America and, OF MICHIGAN knew it was suicide to buck the system and of course, Radio Marti. He was never one, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cross a committee chairman. So they all not even in the darkest hours of Vietnam sucked in their guts, queued up and waited and Watergate, to lose faith that we are the Monday, December 16, 1985 their turn. good guys. Mr. HERTEL of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, I Fascell waited 28 years. When he first got "I haven't found a better system," he says, rise to pay tribute in honor of the birthday to Washington he was assigned an office in staunchly. the basement next to the elevator shaft. Maybe The Secret is just hard work. He's of a special friend and constituent, Maria "He couldn't talk on the phone because the got some kind of internal energy source that K witkowsky. December 19 marks the birth elevator made so much noise," remembers isn't normal-it makes nuclear fusion look of a truly remarkable success story. Maria Fascell's longtime campaign chairman, Pon­ like static electricity. This is a man who K witkowsky is a fabulous woman with tiac dealer Burton Kahn. once literally staggered into the House multiple God-given talents, who gives end­ Consider his foreign aid feat. Producing a chamber with a blood clot on his brain, lessly of herself to her family and friends foreign aid bill has historically been the stumbling around and nearly paralyzed on around the world. Mrs. K witkowsky is an single most important task faced every year his right side, but doggedly determined to exceptionally unique person who carries by the House Foreign Affairs Committee, vote against Reagan's tax cut. The next day and yet, under the lame leadership of an­ the doctor drilled two holes in Fascell's her gifts of wisdom, hope and love through cient Clement Zablocki of Wisconsin, the head and he's been better ever since. her community in Michigan, throughout committee hadn't managed to put together Most likely The Secret is nothing more America and throughout the entire world. a foreign aid bill for several years. Foreign than a special attitude about government. It is often said that Maria K witkowsky is December 16, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36797 the best known and most respected woman I am hopeful that my colleagues will take of director of communications in the Gen­ in the Ukrainian community. the time to read his concerns about how eral Services Administration, region II. Maria K witkowsky has served Michigan this tax would not be constructive in any Immediately upon his retirement in 1975, and the United States in many diverse ca­ way. The letter to me from Frank B. Lacy Mr. Hulsey volunteered his services in my pacities. Throughout these services, Maria III is as follows: Glassboro district office. Extraordinarily constantly offers several fine qualities that OCTOBER 24, 1985. productive and versatile, Mr. Hulsey has exemplify her accomplishments. These in­ Hon. CARROLL HUBBARD, had a broad range of responsibilities as my clude: a tremendous level of professional­ U.S. Representative, Rayburn House Office assistant. Casework relating to military, ism, a staggering amount of patience and Building, Washington, DC. DEAR CONGRESSMAN: I am absolutely op­ immigration and naturalization, and inter­ diligence, accompanied by a true sense of posed to the taxation of the accumulations nal revenue matters are included within his conviction and dedication. within certain types of life insurance poli­ area of expertise. For the last 3 years he Appointed by then Gov. G. Mennen Wil­ cies. In my opinion we in this country need has served as the coordinator for academy liams to the Michigan Cultural Commis­ to encourage all types of personal savings appointments. sion, Mrs. K witkowsky served the commis­ efforts, along with a few other old "tried Mr. Hulsey's indefatigable spirit has nei­ sion in an unparalleled fashion which and true" virtues. To me this type of tax is not of a construc­ ther gone unnoticed nor unappreciated. My helped trigger her illustrious career. Maria constituents have freely expressed their K witkowsky also served as administrator tive nature, and I feel sure that most of you in the Congress feel the same way. thanks for Mr. Hulsey's professional deliv­ and supervisor of social services at Detroit May I also emphasize that I am not op­ ery of services as evidenced in the follow­ International Institutes. Mrs. Kwitkowsky posed to more taxation, per se, provided we ing quotes: has given 20 years of loyal and invaluable are going to restructure our spending on ev­ "I want to thank you for your efforts on expertise as president of the Ukrainian erything and balance the budget. my behalf for my Veterans' Administration Gold Cross of the U.S.A. Moreover, Maria Let's just quit spending so much money! disability benefits. This is the second time has inspired students by offering courses in Respectfully, you have helped me. My wife and I are very FRANK B. LACY III, social work at Wayne State University and grateful for this help. the University of Michigan. Munday, Lacy and Peden, Inc., P.O. Box 11, HOPKINSVILLE, KY. "I could not begin to express the grati­ In 1985, Maria Kwitkowsky has not tude that I feel for your help in solving the slowed or narrowed her scope of involve­ problem I was having with IRS. I have no ment. Presently, Maria is on several major HULSEY SERVES NEW JERSEY doubt that it was only through your kind women's organizations, which include the CITIZENS intercession that this matter was solved so World Federation of Ukrainian Women's quickly." Organization and the General Federation HON. JAMES J. FLORIO Mr. Speaker, with the completion of a of American Women's Organization. A re­ OF NEW JERSEY decade of distinguished volunteer service spected leader throughout the world on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES comes the realization that Mr. Hulsey is many topics, Maria K witkowsky has re­ Monday, December 16, 1985 truly volunteerism personified, having re­ cently served the United States of America sponded unhesitatingly to President Kenne­ in two very prestigious positions. In Copen­ Mr. FLORIO. Mr. Speaker, on September dy's call: "Ask what you can do for your hagen, 1980, as an official delegate to the 6, 1985, I was pleased to pay tribute to my country." U.N. Conference on the Decade for Women special assistant, David J. Hulsey, for 10 It is indeed a privilege to have Dave and Kenya, 1985, as the leader of the Amer­ years of uninterrupted voluntary service in Hulsey as a volunteer member of my staff ican delegation to the NGO conference on my Gloucester County congressional dis­ and I salute him on his accomplishments. the Decade for Women, Mrs. K witkowsky trict office. again exemplified her role in the interna­ Mr. David J. Hulsey is a retired master tional community. sergeant, having served in both World War HAMADY BROS. FOOD MARKET Maria Kwitkowsky, dating back to 1949, II and the Korean conflict. He had a com­ IN FLINT, MI. TO FEED 20,000 has dedicated her life to working within the bination of 23 years service-active and Re­ NEEDY FAMILIES THIS Ukrainian and American communities in serve time-in both Army and Air Force. A CHRISTMAS an effort to establish a higher quality of 100-percent disabled veteran, he is a life for others. Many roads have been member of the Air Force Sergeants Asso­ HON. DALE E. KILDEE opened as a direct result of Maria Kwit­ ciation, American Veterans, and the Ameri­ OF MICHIGAN kowsky's dedication and perseverance. The can Legion. He is also a lifetime member of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES world community is forever grateful to the Disabled American Veterans, and the Maria K witkowsky for sharing her rare Veterans of Foreign Wars, and has been Monday, December 16, 1985 qualities with us and for inspiring us to awarded the Patriotic Citizens Award by Mr. KILDEE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today strive toward making the world a better the VFW Post 5579 of Gibbstown, NJ. to bring to the attention of my distin­ place for everyone. Mr. Hulsey also served as e member of guished colleagues in the U.S. House of I extend my sincere best wishes for a the Gibbstown Library Council, and of St. Representatives the outstanding "Hamady happy celebration on the occasion of Maria Michael's Church Council, and is a past Operation Christmas-1985" project in Flint, Kwitkowsky's birthday, December 19, 1985. president of St. Michael's Mutual Club of Ml., founded by Mr. Alex Dandy. Gibbstown. He has recently helped organize Mr. Dandy, the chairman of the board of DON'T TAX LIFE INSURANCE a band in his community, which he man­ Hamady Bros. Food Markets, Inc., started ages. This band, "the Admirals," has con­ this effort in 1981, when he, Hamady em­ HON. CARROLL HUBBARD, JR. tributed much of its time to community ployees, and the citizens of the Seventh OF KENTUCKY benefits. Congressional District provides 558 needy Mr. Hulsey retired from Government families with a wonderful Christmas meal. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES service in 1975 after 35 years. He served Through Mr. Dandy's hard work and gener­ Monday, December 16, 1985 such agencies as the Federal Power Com­ osity, Operation Christmas has grown over Mr. HUBBARD. Mr. Speaker, I would mission, the Veterans' Administration, the the last few years. This year the effort is like to share with my colleagues the excel­ Internal Revenue Service-where he re­ expected to feed 20,000 families in the Flint lent and timely letter I received from my ceived the Safety Honor Award in 1962 area. friend and constituent Frank B. Lacy III of from the then Treasury Secretary, Douglas Mr. Dandy's selflessness has been an ex­ Hopkinsville, KY. Dillon-and finally retired from the Gener­ ample to all of us in the Seventh District. Frank Lacy, who is unopposed to fair tax al Services Administration. He began his His efforts have inspired private businesses code changes in an effort to balance the Government service as a messenger, went and organizations such as General Motors budget, has contracted me about his strong on to become a file clerk, then a supervi­ and the United Auto Workers to donate opposition to taxing life insurance policies. sor, manager, and finally held the position their time and energy to this noble effort. 36798 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985 And Mr. Dandy noted that this year, contri­ with each conference, marked his absence He is recognized as one of the most butions from individual community mem­ with an empty chair. This year, that chair agressive and innovative trustees in the bers are even higher than last year. will happily be filled by the presence of United States today. He is known as a pio­ Donation cannisters have been placed in their follow dentist, Mark Nashpitz, the neer of a pension investment program that Hamady Bros. stores, factories, and other young man on whose behalf all of Alpha directed the union's pension funds into real businesses to raise money for the project. Omega's members worked so hard. I con­ estate investments that have produced jobs And this year, for the first time, Operation gratulate them all for their courage and for union contractors and employment for Christmas will expand into Saginaw and their perseverance, for there were times union members. He has been an outspoken Wayne counties. when it was hard to believe that a day critic of the way union pension funds Each family will receive a 6-pound roast­ would come when Mark Nashpitz would should be handled by investment managers er chicken, a box of stuffing mix, 3 pounds indeed be free. over the last 20 years~ of Michigan apples, a dozen serving rolls, a After having spoken with Mark and his Dennis Walton has truly been an asset to loaf of white bread, a pumpkin pie, a large parents in Israel, I recently received a the Operating Engineers, Local 675. I bottle of soft drink, 9 ounces of potato letter from him, in which he states: regret that I am unable to attend this trib­ chips, 5 pounds of Michigan white potatoes, The fact that my family and I are here ute dinner to honor him. His dedication, a half gallon of milk, a can of cranberry now is a miracle . . . But this dream is still a sincerity, and intensity a~e shared by few. sauce, and two cans of green beens. More horrible reality for thousands of Jews who than 187 tons of food are expected to be want to leave for their historic Homeland. distributed. And one should never forget this. FOREIGN AGENTS REGISTRA­ Mr. Speaker, Mr. Dandy's Operation Mr. Speaker, this sums up the many TION ACT AMENDMENT Christmas project is a shining example of years of commitment and hopes expressed the generosity and compassion that are the by us all. I look forward to greeting Mark HON. ROBERT W. KASTENMEIER Christmas spirit. We in Flint are proud to in the near future. May Mark's reunifica­ OF WISCONSIN be a part of an effort that makes it possible tion with his family inspire us to redouble IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES our efforts. Ultimately, they will not be in for needy families to sit down to a full, Monday, December 16, 1985 nourishing boliday meal. Operation Christ­ vain. mas will make a tremendous difference in Mr. KASTENMEIER. Mr. Speaker, today I am introducing a bill to amend the Fo:·­ the lives of thousands of adults and chil­ PLANTATION, FL, DEMOCRATIC dren in Michigan this year-Chirstmas eign Agents Registration Act of 1938 (as CLUB TO HONOR DENNIS amended, 22 U.S.C. 611 et seq.) ["FARA"] dinner will now be a joyous occasion for WALTON, INTERNATIONAL them. to eliminate unconstitutional provisions UNION OF OPERATING ENGI­ abridging the freedom of expression. Because of Mr. Dandy's dedication, and NEERS, LOCAL 675 the subsequent generosity throughout our This bill, similar to one I introduced last communities in the Flint area, this Christ­ Congress (H.R. 1969), is in accord with a mas will be a special time for all of us. I HON. LAWRENCE J. SMITH recent decision by a Federal court in the would like to take this moment now to ask OF FLORIDA case Keene versus Meese ..1 The court held all of my colleagues in the House of Repre­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that the use of the term "political propa­ ganda" to label materials disseminated by sentatives to join with me in commending Monday, December 16, 1985 Mr. Alex Dandy for Hamady Operation registrants under the Foreign Agents Regis­ Christmas 1985. Mr. SMITH of Florida. Mr. Speaker, tration Act unconstitutionally burdens the today I rise to salute an exceptional man. first amendment rights of those who might Dennis J. Walton is to be honored by his want to distribute such materials. MARK NASHPITZ TO ADDRESS friends and colleagues on January 11, 1986, The Keene case involves three Canadian ALPHA OMEGA DENTAL FRA­ at the Plantation, FL, Democratic Club's films-"If You Love This Planet," "Acid TERNITY CONVENTION annual testimonial dinner and dance. Rain: Requiem or Recovery," and "Acid Dennis Walton is the business manager From Heaven"-that have been determined HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN of the International Union of Operating by the Justice Department to be "political OF NEW YORK Engineers, Local 675, of Pompano Beach, propaganda" within the broad meaning IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FL. He simultaneously serves as chairman given that term in the Foreign Agents Reg­ of the board of trustees of the union's $40 istration Act. The films are clearly identi­ Monday, December 16, 1985 million pension fund. He is the president of fied as produced by the Canadian Film Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, as you may his own consulting company, Fund Advi­ Board. But under current law, the films are well know, for almost 15 years I participat­ sors, Inc. Mr. Walton is also registered as required to bear an additional, stigmatizing ed in the Adopt-a-Refusenik Program for an investment advisor under the Security label stating its connection with a foreign Soviet Jewry on behalf of Dr. Mark Nash­ and Exchange Commission's Investment agent required to register with the Justice pitz, a Moscow dentist. After this extremely Advisors Act of 1940. Department. The label must also state that lengthy period of time Mark and his family At 44 years of age, Mr. Walton has risen reports of the dissemination of the film are were unexpectedly given permission to through the ranks of the Operating Engi­ filed with the Department and are open to leave the Soviet Union, and arrived in Tel neers from a mere oiler to currently hold­ public inspection. Last, the label contains a Aviv to be reunited with his parents on Oc­ ing the position of chief executive officer. disclaimer of approval by the U.S. Govern­ tober 20, 1985. His hard work and preserverance has ment. That day will always rest in my memory served as an inspiration to his fell ow work­ It is not difficult to imagine how requir­ as a day of joy-for it is concrete evidence ers. His friends and coworkers have recog­ ing such an alarming message at the begin­ to me that the Adopt-a-Refusenik and nized the calibre of his professional work ning of a film might have a chilling effect Adopt-a-Prisoner Programs work. After and his tireless energy by honoring him on those who would choose to exercise having been a refusenik for a number of with this special tribute dinner. their first amendment rights by showing or years, Mark Nashpitz was arrested on two Mr. Walton has made a name for himself viewing such a film. The required label­ separate occasions, for which he served 6 nationally as an expert in pension fund along with its chilling effect-are the same years in internal exile in Siberia. His policy. He is a recognized speaker and for printed materials. ordeal finally over, he will soon be travel­ author. His comments and articles have ap­ Indeed, the court in the Keene case ing to the United States to address the peared in Financial World, Wall Street found that the term "political propaganda" Alpha Omega Dental Fraternity Conven­ Journal, Business Week, Pension and In­ vestment Age, among other publications. tion in Boston within the next few weeks. 1 617 F. Supp. 1399 <1985>. No appeal has yet been This fine professional fraternal organiza­ He has addressed the Presidental Commis­ taken, although a protective notice has been filed tion adopted Mark many years ago, and sion on Pension Policy during its tenure. by the Justice Department. December 16, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36799 is generally understood to be a term of op­ Thomas Borge pronounced, "This revolu­ additional information on the physical con­ probrium, and that whoever disseminates tion goes beyond our borders." The people dition of America's youth. The award pro­ materials officially found to be "political of Guatemala have sent a message to the gram was conceived by the President's propaganda" runs the risk of being held in Marxist/Leninist oppressors of this Council on Physical Fitness and Sports, a negative light for using materials official­ world-they have rejected the course of and program details were developed jointly ly censored by the Government. This violent revolution as a means of political by the Council and the American Alliance burden on speech, the court decided, was self-determination. for Health, Physical Education and Recrea­ not justified by any compelling governmen­ We wholeheartedly congratulate the tion. tal interest. The court therefore permanent­ people and authorities of Guatemala that It is my great pleasure to commend the ly enjoined enforcement of any portion of made this election such a success. It is students of the Lincroft School for their the Foreign Agents Registration Act incor­ through democrati~ ideas and institutions achievement in attaining 1,005 Presidential porating the term "political propaganda." that the coercive alternative of communism awards since 1970. Lincroft School has My bill responds to that decision by sub­ will be defeated. been the leader in Middletown township for stituting the neutral term "political expres­ the past 16 years and I feel confident that sion" for "political propaganda" whenever HONORING THE RETIREMENT the students will continue to strive for ex­ that term appears in the act. The bill goes OF RUTH NILSEN FROM THE cellence. further and eliminates the role of the Jus­ BALDWIN PARK CHAMBER OF The faculty members of the physical edu­ tice Department in reviewing, labeling, and COMMERCE cation department deserve congratulations keeping track of films and other materials along with their students, for it is the dedi­ merely because the source of those materi­ cation and commitment of the faculty that als is registered under the Foreign Agents HON. ESTEBAN EDWARD TORRES motivates children to earn these awards. Registration Act. OF CALIFORNIA We all know that physical fitness is essen­ My bill leaves intact all other require­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tial to leading fulfilling and productive ments under the act. It will simply end Monday, December 16, 1985 lives. The faculty and students of Lincroft what I view as unwarranted government in­ Mr. TORRES. Mr. Speaker, I ask my col­ School can take pride in themselves and trusion into activities clearly protected by leagues to join with me in recognizing the their school, and shine as a model of excel­ the first amendment. I invite my colleagues outstanding service of Ruth Nilsen to the lence to which other schools may aspire. to join me in this endeavor by cosponsor­ Baldwin Park Chamber of Commerce. ing this bill. Ms. Nilsen will be retiring from the Bald­ RABBI CHAIM P. LUBINSKY: A win Park chamber on December 31, 1985. LIFETIME OF STUDY AND REBIRTH OF DEMOCRACY IN She has worked at the chamber as an as­ SHARING CENTRAL AMERICA sistant executive di.rector for the past 8 years. Her duties have included recordkeep­ ing, publicity, and budget management. HON. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ HON. BOB McEWEN She is leaving the chamber to enjoy re­ OF NEW YORK OF OHIO tirement with her husband Karsten. They IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES plan on beginning their well-deserved re­ Monday, December 16, 1985 Monday, December 16, 1985 tirement by first traveling to Norway and Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Speaker, I was sad­ Mr. McEWEN. Mr. Speaker, recently then on to other parts of the world. Mrs. Nilsen resides in Pasadena, CA, and dened to learn the news that Rabbi Chaim had the privilege, as a member of the ob­ Pinchas Lubinsky, a world renowned server delegation to the Guatemalan elec­ is a graduate of Sawyer Business College. Her hobbies include art and gardening. Torah expert, passed away. tions, to witness the rebirth of democracy Rabbi Lubinsky was a great hero during in Central America. On December 8, Guate­ Mr. Speaker, I commend the dedicated service and contributions Mrs. Ruth Nilsen World War II. While some men distin­ malan citizens, without coercion or fear, guished themselves in the field of battle, flocked to the polls to determine the future has made not only to the chamber, but also to the community of Baldwin Park. Mrs. Rabbi Lubinsky stood tall in the face of of their fledging democracy. I observed nu­ Nazi oppression. While entrapped in a con­ merous voting sites and monitored the Nilsen will be missed by her friends and fell ow workers and I wish her all the best. centration camp, he continued to study the actual vote counting process-the elections Torah and share his spiritual strength with by all commonsense analysis were free of other inmates. fraud, intimidation, or tampering. LINCROFT SCHOOL COMMENDED After the war, Rabbi Lubinsky served as The inauguration of a constitutional de­ ON LEADERSHIP IN THE PRESI­ the Chief Rabbi of Hanover, where he was mocracy in Guatemala will most dramati­ DENTIAL PHYSICAL FITNESS responsible for the rebirth of Jewish life in cally contribute to the resurgence and con­ AWARD wartorn Germany. tinuation of democracy in Central America. Here in the United States he labored to This regionally historic and impactful HON. JAMES J. HOW ARD restore to good physical and psychological event illustrates for all people of Central OF NEW JERSEY health the survivors of the Holocaust. America that there is an alternative for re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Rabbi Lubinsky was a great man whose solving internal differences, other than Monday, December 16, 1985 memory shall remain with the Jewish through the violence of Marxist/Leninist people for eternity. We grieve his death, but revolutions. Guatemala will join the ranks Mr. HOW ARD. Mr. Speaker, I would like we rejoice in his life. of countries which have rejected the solu­ to take this opportunity to commend the tions of the far left and right, such as: Lincroft School, an elementary school in Costa Rica, which has had unbroken demo­ my district, for its leadership in the Presi­ TODAY'S COLLEGE STUDENTS cratic rule for more than 35 years; Hondu­ dential Physical Fitness Award. ras, which in 1982 returned to civilian gov­ The Presidential Physical Fitness Award HON. WILLIAM D. FORD ernment after 18 years of military rule; and Program, established in 1966, honors boys OF MICHIGAN El Salvador, which in 1984 elected Jose Na­ and girls who demonstrate exceptional IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES polean Duarte, the first Salvadoran head of physical achievement. It is designed: First, state in 50 years chosen in free elections. to motivate boys and girls to develop and Monday, December 16, 1985 The allies of democracy have realized the maintain a high level of physical fitness; Mr. FORD of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, I importance of these elections. But so have second, to encourage good testing programs recently concluded 36 days of hearings on its enemies. For this reason, we must in schools and communities; third, to stim­ the reauthorization of the Higher Educa­ remain forever vigilant in our support of ulate improvement of health and physical tion Act during which time I heard stu­ these emerging democracies. As Sandinista education programs; and fourth, to provide dents in many different situations testify 36800 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985 before my subcommittee on the need for a The time has run out for philosophical de­ A 47-year-old Long Island butcher, the strong Federal role in education. Each of bates about curricula. What this country father of two sons-one a student, the other the students who appeared before the sub­ needs is someone to stand up and say that a college grad-holds his job while he committee came from a unique set of cir­ being a fulltime student during one's forma­ majors in art education. "I was a foster tive years is an honorable calling worthy of cumstances. Collectively, they presented a child. I was abandoned when I was three support. If families can't or won't give it to weeks old,'' he said without emotion. "I was picture of determination to acquire a col­ their children, then the Goverment should. in a lot of homes, and I never got any guid­ lege education in the face of tremendous fi. The students themselves have demon­ ance. Most of the foster homes I was in, nancial or other obstacles. strated their willingness to work to gain a well, they only cared about the money. I believe Mr. William S. Spiegler captures college degree. Now they should be given Nobody ever encouraged me to go to college the essence of these students who are striv­ the time to devote their minds to the task. or noticed that I could draw." ing to better themselves in two articles If President Reagan were to give the word, After winning many art competitions for you would see how quickly the old liberal which appeared in November in the New arts would regain their popularity. And the amateurs, he earned a two-year degree at a York Times and Newsday. Mr. Spiegler competition for good grades would raise community college. Now he's going for his comments on the students of the 1980's standards, too. bachelor's degree. who are forced by economic circumstances "I want to be an art teacher,'' he says. to hold down one or more jobs while trying [From the Newsday, Nov. 18, 19851 "I've learned I can speak art better than words." to find the time to attend class and com­ COLLEGE GIVES ADULTS Gaining the confidence to speak what is in plete course assignments. In addition, he AN OPPORTUNITY To RECAPTURE DREAMS one's heart-be it the language of visual art, notes many students have the added re­ the language of the great philosophers, or sponsibilities of caring for families. He ac­ The American dream is alive and well. the language of computers-seems to be the curately summarizes what I so often heard You can find it on the nation's college and big dividend for most adult learners. in my hearings, that students have the com­ university campuses-and it isn't walking The emotion they feel seems to be mitment to learn and the willingness to around in blue jeans. summed up by a 68-year-old Queens grand­ work. What we need to provide them is the The American dream is in the hands of mother. She decided to go to college after a opportunity to devote their minds to that adult students, and it's no illusion. long widowhood and many years of clerical task without the inordinate economic en­ The phenomenon that began with the work in a top New York City ad agency. "I H*Y*M* A*N K* A *P*L* A *N*S in the years didn't come here to prove what I know,'' she cumbrances they now face. before World War II continues. In the old I am very pleased to reprint these fine says as she explains her enthusiasm for days, of course, the goal was citizenship and courses in philosophy and English. "I came articles for the benefit of my colleagues. acceptance in a land of opportunity. Today, to find out what I didn't know before." CFrom the New York Times, Nov. 17, 19851 the goals are more varied and idiosyncratic, STOP KNOCKING STUDENTS and the paths a little bit lonelier. But the old spirit, the conviction that education can be a transforming experience, endures. THE SOCIAL SECURITY It's high time someone spoke up for I discovered this truth recently as I AMENDMENTS OF 1985 today's college students. They're probably helped the administration at Long Island the most industrious, ambitious people in University's C.W. Post campus prepare for America and their problems are not being New York State's celebration of Adult HON. BILL ARCHER properly appreciated. Learning Week, which began yesterday. The OF TEXAS People like the Secretary of Education, school's adult student counselor arranged William J. Bennett, simply don't know what for me to meet individually with the men IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES they're talking about when they knock stu­ and women she helped enroll in college. Monday, December 16, 1985 dents. Nor do those who complain about And one by one they came-as varied a falling academic standards. group of human beings as anyone could pos­ Mr. ARCHER. Mr. Speaker, today, at the The vast majority of the nation's 12 mil­ sibly meet. They were of all ages, 29 to 76. request of the administration, I am intro­ lion students are struggling to pay for their They had started their lives in many differ­ educations. They are part of an invisible ducing the Social Security Amendments of ent places-from the Bronx to West Germa­ 1985. These amendments are not intended workforce. Many hold down full-time jobs. ny. Some were white, and some were black. They're frying hamburgers, photographing Some were poor, and some were wealthy. to interfere with consideration of several weddings, working in construction, waiting Yet they had some significant things in related Social Security provisions currently on tables. The fact that they even show up common: pending in the conference on H.R. 3128. for classes is a miracle. First, they were all true believers-in Rather, the Social Security Amendments of The financial situation of most students themselves and in the future. 1985 are being offered now, so that they explains a lot about what is happening on Secondly, they were all risk-takers. Each may be given prompt consideration during campuses. Why are the traditional courses admitted that at first the idea of going to so unpopular? Why are students flocking to college had frightened them. the second session of the 99th Congress. accounting and computer science and any of Perhaps most importantly, all had a pri­ Mr. Speaker, the complexity and impor­ the other professional programs that seem vate, personal account to settle. They were tance of the Old-Age Survivors and Disabil­ to lead to careers? out to prove something-to themselves-and ity Insurance [OASDI] Program requires Answer: Today's working student has been the ghosts that haunted them from times that provisions of the Social Security Act forced into a kind of premature pragmatism. long ago. and the administration of the program be Romance is gone. The notion of transform­ Consider, for instance, a 59-year-old re­ ing one's self through study alone has disap­ tired businessman's story. In his 45-year reviewed from time to time with an eye peared. Today's student seeks deliverance cai'eer, he made a lot of money and succeed­ toward making beneficial adjustments to from menial labor, and the status conferred ed in his personal life. But he still wanted to the program. The administration has un­ by a good job. make up for a decision he had made 45 dertaken such a review, and these amend­ There are other consequences. Today's years ago. ments represent its recommendations re­ students don't have much time or energy to "I was going to City College at night," he garding how the program could be im­ be contemplative, carry out independent re­ remembered. "I quit because I discovered proved. If enacted, these amendments search or even do serious homework. That's that I was earning more as a leather cutter the secret behind falling academic stand­ than my professor of accounting, who would, in relation to the overall cost of the ards. Students have become consumers. brought his lunch in a paper bag,'' he re­ OASDI program, result in relatively minor They want grades and certifications. Their calls. Now, having resolved all of his finan­ but nonetheless important savings. Over professors can't be expected to flunk stu­ cial problems, he has, at last, returned to the 5-year period from fiscal year 1986 dents who are clearly weary from the effort the classroom. through fiscal year 1990, it has been esti­ to pay their bills. A 29-year-old black woman said, "I was mated that enactment of these amendments There's a lot wrong with this situation. one of 11 children. All I could think about would save the American taxpayers ap­ in high school was getting out and going to It's distorting the definition of education. proximately $90 million. I hope my col­ Worse, it's creating a generation that's to­ work to earn some money,'' Today, she tally grim. The brightest students turn out holds a full-time job as a secretary and at­ leagues on the Social Security Subcommit­ to be yuppies. The vast majority are, at tends classes four nights a week, as well as tee and in the House will join me in giving best, good natured semiliterates. attending C.W. Post's Weekend College. consideration to this bill. December 16, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36801 HONORING MANHATTAN CABLE U.S. MFO PLANE CRASH passed from generation to generation with­ TV VICTIMS: HEROES OF PEACE out a written record that has been Gomi­ das' greatest contribution to the preserva­ HON. BILL GREEN HON. DANTE B. FASCELL tion of Armenian culture. In addition, Go­ OF FLORIDA midas harmonized the Divine Liturgy of OF NEW YORK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Armenian Apostolic Church service IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES which is still in use. Though little recog­ Monday, December 16, 1985 nized by the public, Gomidas was respected Monday, December 16, 1985 Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, I wish to by his peers. His contemporary, the com­ Mr. GREEN. Mr. Speaker, over the years, take this occasion to express my sincere poser Debussy, was said to have felt that Manhattan Cable TV has created and devel­ condolences to the families and friends of the composition "Andoni" alone would oped a wide range of projects that both in­ the 250 young men and women who were insure Gomidas' notoriety. volve and benefit the community it has taken from us in the tragic airplane disas­ Tragically, though he was not killed, Go­ served since 1970. ter in Newfoundland on December 12. midas became a victim of the Armenian Through its Community Outreach arm, The soldiers killed in this tragedy were Genocide which threatened the existence of MCTV works with a host of civic, educa­ serving as part of the Multinational Force the Armenian people for 2 years. After wit­ tional, nonprofit and charitable institutions and Observers [MFO] peacekeeping force nessing the atrocities of these years, Gomi­ and organizations which have resulted in that performs a vital role in the Sinai das spent the next 20 years producing noth­ hundreds of hours of community-based Desert of monitoring compliance of the ing and eventually died in a Paris asylum programming and a wide ranging commit­ Egyptian-Israeli Peace Treaty. The Com­ in 1935. On December 22, we will pay long mittee on Foreign Affairs, which authorizes ment to promote the medium of cable tele­ overdue respects to the life and achieve­ the funds for the MFO, has had an oppor­ ments of this great human being. As a vision ae a community tool. tunity to witness firsthand the outstanding scholar, a composer, and a cleric, Gomidas Hospitals, schools, museums and librar­ performance of U.S. military personnel Vartabed should be honored for all that he ies are among the organizations that have which are a part of the MFO and the quiet did for the Armenian people. been able to reach out to their various con­ but important role they perform in keeping stituencies through the facilities of Man­ and reinforcing the peace between Israel hattan Cable TV. and Egypt. It is indeed a bitter irony that ADA DIRECTOR HAL This year, Manhattan Cable developed an these peacekeepers, returning home for the CHRISTENSEN TO RETIRE innovative project that is intended to en­ holiday season, should lose their lives in hance the academic performance of stu­ this horrible accident. HON. NORMAN D. DICKS dents and the quality of public education in Early indications in the aftermath of the OF WASHINGTON New York City. crash suggest that no sabotage of the air­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "Top of the Class" is a series of video craft took place. However, there are reports Monday, December 16, 1985 quiz programs which involve teams of stu­ that the aircraft may have been in poor dents from two high schools in Manhattan. condition and should not have been flown. Mr. DICKS. Mr. Speaker, a friend and This imaginative project seeks to under­ These allegations must be investigated colleague of mine and many other Mem­ score the fact that cable TV can make a fully. The enormous waste of human talent bers of Congress is retiring in just a few significant contribution by helping to moti­ that this crash represented must not be al­ days from the American Dental Associa­ vate students to higher achievement in the lowed to be repeated. tion. Hal Christensen has been with ADA for 28 years. For the past 22 years, he has classroom and by encouraging these stu­ Those who died in this tragedy served been the director of ADA's Washington dents to become more aware f o issues that their country in the finest tradition of the U.S. Armed Forces by performing a mission office. Under his leadership the ADA has affect their own lives, their communities expanded its role in the establishment of and their understanding. which has significantly strengthened our Nation's security and its foreign policy in­ health care programs for our citizens. Most Manhattan Cable TV has applied its staff terests. Our prayers go to their families in of us in Congress are familiar with Hal's and resources to "Top of the Class" since their sorrow and grief. work on behalf of ADA and have enjoyed a the start of the school year, working close­ close working relationship with him for ly with the faculty at Murry Bergtraum many years. He can be proud of the issues and Art & Design High Schools. The com­ GOMIDAS VARTABED he has promoted and the battles he has pany has supplied 200 students with sub­ fought. ADA has been well-served by Hal scriptions to Time and Discover magazines HON. TONY COELHO over the years. We will certainly miss him and other educational materials, from 01' CALIFORNIA but know how much he is looking forward which the questions posed on "Top of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to spending more time with his family and Class" are drawn. Monday, December 16, 1985 friends and wish him well in the years In connection with this project, New ahead. York City Schools Chancellor Nathan Mr. COELHO. Mr. Speaker, I would like Quinones observed: to take this opportunity to pay tribute to Gomidas Vartabed, Armenian musician, A TRIBUTE TO SHIRLEY AND Learning is everybody's business. New composer, and cleric of great accomplish­ SETH HUFSTEDLER York City school children and their educai­ ton are everyone's responsibility-and I'm ment. On December 22, 1985, there will be a proud that Manhattan Cable TV has made a concert held at St. V artan Cathedral in HON. MEL LEVINE commitment to learning and achievement in Manhattan in recognition of all that Gomi­ OF CALIFORNIA our schools. The real beneficiaries are our das did for the preservation and advance­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES students, teachers and our society when ment of Armenian culture. high academic performance is supported by Born in 1869 in a remote part of Turkey, Monday, December 16, 1985 a partnership such as this one between two his musical ability and superb voice Mr. LEVINE of California. Mr. Speaker, schools and a public-spirited company like brought Gomidas to the Mother See of the I rise today to ask that you and my distin­ Manhattan Cable TV. Armenian Church. It was as an ordained guished colleagues join me in saluting two Manhattan Cable TV is to be commended priest, traveling throughout Armenia, that outstanding Americans, Shirley and Seth for dramatically implementing its commit­ he discovered the beauty and tradition of Hufstedler. ment to education through "Top of the the Armenian folk song which became a Shirley and Seth are the recipients of the Class." prime influence in his music. American Jewish Committee's Learned Of his many accomplishments, it is the Hand Award and will be honored at a gala categorizing of these songs, historically affair on January 23, 1986. Shirley and

51-059 0-87-31 (Pt. 26) 36802 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985

Seth have both enjoyed truly outstanding fecting the Supreme Court in 1969. He is a words~ the Gramm-Rudman proposal says careers and have given so much back to member of the board of trustees of the "lets do this, but let's not really start until our society. To mark this event, I would American Bar Foundation and has held after the next election, That's foolish. like to highlight a few of the numerous ac­ several offices within the foundation. He is I just don't see how Gramm-Rudman complishments of these two remarkable in­ also a member of the American Bar Asso­ moves us down the road to real, prompt dividuals. No biographical sketch could ciation and has served on various commit­ deficit reduction. what we said a month ago even begin to capture the high regard with tees. Other community activities of Seth's is still true today: If everybody is serious which they are both held in the legal and have included the planning council of about doing this, let's do it now and let's the general community. Yet, some high­ United Way and cochairman of the Public get it done soon. lighting of their careers tells us a bit about Commission of County Government. You don't need very complicated arith­ their achievements. It is a pleasure to share the outstanding metic to understand that when the Federal Shirley Mount Hufstedler was born in accomplishments of the Hufstedler's with Government spends nearly $150 billion a 1925 in Denver, CO. She received her B.A. the leadership and Members of the House year more on military spending than it did from the University of New Mexico in 1945, of Representatives. I ask that my colleages 5 years ago, then it will have to raise some and her law degree from Stanford Universi­ join me in expressing praise and gratitude taxes to pay for it. There is no escape from ty in 1949. Seth Hufstedler was born Sep­ for their exemplary display of public serv­ that. But Gramm-Rudman pretends we can tember 20, 1922, in Dewar, OK. He received ice. Shirley and Seth are extraordinary balance the budget without paying for the his B.A. from the University of Southern Americans and most deserving of this spe­ biggest defense buildup in peacetime histo­ California in 1944, and his law degree from cial honor. ry. Stanford University in 1949. The couple Nor does it take a genius to realize how was married in 1949, and they were blessed unfairly Gramm-Rudman might work. As with their son, Steven, in 1954. Steven is a CUT THE DEFICIT NOW! the Republican chairman of the Senate Ap­ doctor, who is currently on the faculty of propriations Committee pointed out, the the University of California School of Med­ HON.BYRONL.DORGAN Reagan budgets have cut domestic spending icine at Irvine. OF NORTH DAKOTA. by 34 percent while increasing military Shirley Hufstedler was in the private IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES spending by 89 percent. With that as a practice of law in Los Angeles from 1950 to Monday, December 16, 1985 baseline, Gramm-Rudman exempts 73 per­ 1960. From 1960 to 1961, she served as spe­ cent of the budget from mandatory cuts, cial legal consultant to the attorney general Mr. DORGAN of North Dakota. Mr. meaning that only 23 percent of the budget of California in the complex Colorado Speaker, the Gramm-Rudman resolution will have to absorb all of the pain of fur­ River litigation before the U.S. Supreme which we've been asked to approve in the ther budget cutting. It means that farm Court. In 1961, she was appointed judge of House of Representatives is a retreat back programs, student aid, and education serv­ the Los Angeles County Superior Court, a to the "funny money" budget solutions ices will take it on the chin on behalf of de­ position to which she was elected in 1962. which created the deficit problem in the fense contractors and other exempt groups. In 1966, she was appointed associate justice first place. We have at hand a better way than of the California Court of Appeal. Presi­ Today's record budget deficits-running Gramm-Rudman's future road map to get dent Lyndon B. Johnson appointed her $200 billion a year-stem from the 1981 us on the path of genuine budget cutting. judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the package of tax cuts and defense increases Cut the deficit now and keep cutting it Ninth Circuit in September 1968. She proposed by President Reagan and. enacted quickly. That's what North Dakotans sent served in that capacity for 11 years before by Congress as the Gramm-Latta budget. me here to do and that's what I will do President Jimmy Carter appointed her U.S. That smoke and mirrors package promised with my vote. Secretary of Education. On January 20, the miracle of extraordinary economic 1981, Shirley returned to private life teach­ growth, even though it rested on a founda­ ing and practicing law. Shirley serves on tion of economic quicksand. The Presi­ SHUJI MARUYAMA the boards of several institutions and has dent's men said that we could spend 25 per­ authored numerous articles for profession­ cent of our national income on Govern­ al journals, newspapers, and magazines in ment programs, while raising only 19 per­ HON. PETER H. KOSTMA YER the fields of law, education, government, cent of that economic pie to pay the bills. OF PENNSYLVANIA national and international affairs. She is Well, it didn't work. Five years later, the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the recipient of many honorary degrees national debt has grown from a staggering from universities and colleges and has re­ $1 trillion to an unfathomable $2 trlllion. Monday, December 16, 1985 ceived countless other awards and honors. In other words, it took us only 5 years Mr. KOSTMAYER. Mr. Speaker, I rise Seth Hufstedler is a senior partner to under what Vice President GEORGE BUSH today to honor Shuji Maruyama who has Hufstedler, Miller, Carlson & Beardsley. He once called "voodoo economics" to create been teaching Aikido martial arts in the has served on various committee of the Los deficits as big as the sum total of our na­ Philadelphia and Cleveland areas for the Angeles County Bar Association and served tional debt since the administration of last 20 years. as president in 1969-70. He served as chair­ President George Washington. The country Aikido is the most modern of the tradi­ man of the Committee on Judicial Selec­ is choking on a sea of red ink-with its as­ tional Japanese martial arts. Founded in tion and was awarded the 1976 Shattuck­ sociated record high interest rates, farm the 1920's, Aikido is a system of effective Price Memorial Award by the Los Angeles failure rates, and trade deficits-all be­ self-defense techniqµes that emphasizes County Bar Association for his "dedication cause of faith in an economic lllusion. bringing attackers under control. to the improvement of the legal profession Nearly a month ago, we in the House of Shuji Maruyama came to the Philadel­ and the administration of justice." Seth has Representatives responded to this chal­ phia area to teach a group of Aikidoists also served on various committees of the lenge. We said that if there is a budget who had been practicing without an in­ State Bar of California including the board crisis, let's tackle it now and let's get the structor. Gradually, his students increased of governors in 1971-74, and as president of job done quickly. and Aikido was featured at an all-martial the State Bar in 1973-74. Seth has served as Unlike the Gramm-Rudman plan, we arts demonstration at the Philadelphia chairman of various committees of the passed a blll which made real budget cuts Civic Center. The Philadelphia Corrections State Bar, including its Committee on Ad­ this fiscal year and which balanced the Department hired him as a consultant, and ministration of Justice, its Committee to budget sooner than the current, revised he began teaching techniques for restraint Draft Legislation for the Proposed Merit version of Gramm-Rudman. While our and control of inmates to the prison Plan, and its Committee on Structure of House bill would cut the fiscal year 1986 guards. Appellate Courts. He was also special coun­ deficit in real terms, modified Gramm- · Shuji Maruyama will be returning to his sel to Commission on Judicial Performance Rudman could allow deficits to grow Bl homeland of Japan this spring. I wish him regarding inquiry on various matters af- higl;t as $200 or $210 billion. In other well as he continues to spread peace, self- December 16, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36803 improvement, and universal understanding agrees to support the entire bill to ensure quently neglect systematic abuses by Com­ through Aikido. its inclusion. The result of this tradition was munist and hostile nations precisely be­ the overwhelming approval which enables Members of Congress to claim credit for se­ cause they are inherently repressive soci­ HOW THE PORK BARREL curing a new project or two for their con­ eties in which abuses of human rights are WORKS stituents. Never mind that these same con­ expected. In particular, the Soviet Union stituents will pay one way or another­ and those nations under Soviet tutelege HON. WIWS D. GRADISON, JR. either through higher taxes, higher interest have institutionalized systems of political rates, or both. killing, disappearance, torture, arbitrary OF OHIO Yes, there were projects included in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES arrest, and denial of fair trial. Soviet at­ legislation that would have benefited the tempts to repress and persecute the entire Monday, December 16, 1985 2nd Congressional District of Ohio and nearby areas, including the construction of nation of Afghanistan is the most recent Mr. GRADISON. Mr. Speaker, recently two bridges over the Ohio River. Neverthe­ example demonstrating a continuity of sub­ the House passed H.R. 6, the Water Re­ less, I voted against H.R. 6. jugation. The Soviet Government from its sources Act of 1985. I would like to call my This is the crux of the problem. Everyone inception has relied on secret police terror colleagues' attention to the following arti­ wants to cut the deficit by slashing someone and gulags to stay in power and repress le­ cle which appeared in today's Cincinnati else's "waste, fraud, and abuse." The result gitimate opposition. By the most modest es­ Enquirer. is a package of pork that flies in the face of the deficit crisis before us. H.R. 6 represents timates, the Soviet Union has disposed of How THE PORK BARREL WORKS the classic tension between parochial and tens of millions of its own citizens. national interests that continues to stifle a Last year was the lowest level of emigra­ In recent weeks, discussion of the deficit, viable solution to the deficit problem. tion of Jews from the Soviet Union in more and particularly the Gramm-Rudman-Hol­ No solution can succeed so long as Con­ than two decades. In particular, teachers of lings approach to eliminate it by 1991, has gress tries to have it both ways by refusing Hebrew and Jewish culture continue to be received considerable attention on the air­ to break the tried and true pattern of harassed, arrested and tried on false waves and editorial pages around the coun­ spending while, at the same time, wringing charges. In the Soviet Union Jews are try. The public knows that the most press­ its hands about the effects of enormous ing problem facing our country is a distort­ deficits. denied equal rights enjoyed by other na­ ed fiscal policy characterized by $200 billion From time to time, apparent progress on tionalities, are not allowed to buy Jewish deficits. deficit reduction seems to indicate that the prayer books and cannot pursue their na­ Amidst the consideration the Congress is old pattern is changing. The House action tional heritage. Their persecution exempli­ giving to deficit reduction, a bill recently of November 13, however, is a clear indica­ fies the consistent violation of the Helsinki came to the floor of the House of Repre­ tion that Congress still has a long, long way accords of 1975 by the Soviet Union. sentatives that reflects many of the ironies to go. Mr. Speaker, I would like to bring to the and contradictions in this process. On No­ vember 13, the House passed an authoriza­ attention of this Congress the plight vari­ tion bill and dozens wounded. One soldier killed a 2- with tear-gas bombs and burn them to the term approach to affect proper respect for ground, no matter what the cost in blood­ human rights in those nations most guilty month-old baby, Gloria Noemi Blanco, by kicking her out of her grandmother's arms, shed. of systematic violations. My thoughts and according to the grandmother and other Honduran officials claim that the camp's prayers are with those who now are not witnesses. proximity to the Salvadoran border invites fortunate enough to live in societies which Since August the refugees have been re­ Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front uphold human dignity and respect human stricted to their compounds by the Hondu­ guerrillas to cross over at will, to feed, rest, freedom. ran army, with even their nearby vegetable receive medical treatment, and return to gardens off limits. In September, Col. Abra­ battle. But the camp is tightly controlled. ham Turcios, head of the Honduran Nation­ The refugees under the supervision of the HARSH TIMES IN HONDURAS al Refugee Commission, declared that he in­ United Nations High Commissioner for Ref­ FOR SALVADOR REFUGEES tended to move the camp. Turcios presented ugees must carry identity papers at all the refugees with two basic options: reloca­ times. The Honduran military has yet to tion or repatriation. produce a convincing guerrilla from the HON. MEL LEVINE The refugees who arrived this month said OF CALIFORNIA camps wounded or otherwise, despite fre­ they were fleeing heavy aerial bombing by quent searches and an army cordon around IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Salvadoran armed forces in northern the camp that has been locked into place Monday, December 16, 1985 Morazan, including intense bombardment of since last May. the hamlet of La Tijera from Oct. 12 to Oct. Mr. LEVINE of California. Mr. Speaker, The refugees say that the army wants to 16, which was unreported in the Salvadoran move them for tactical reasons. From the refugees fleeing the continuing violence in or U.S. press. Last year, under pressure from President camp's modest chapel one can see helicop­ El Salvador frequently seek safety in Hon­ ters shuttling troops towards the Salvador­ duran refugee camps. Unfortunately, these Jose Napoleon Duarte, the Salvadoran air force issued a directive that it said was de­ an frontier and hear the distant thud of camps don't always provide the safety the bombs. One of the officers told me that the refugees seek. Last August Honduran signed to limit civilian casualties. Earlier this year, at a briefing at the U.S. Embassy Americans and the Hondurans want to turn troops attacked the camp and killed three in San Salvador, Lt. Col. Nicholas Schillen, this whole border area into one big military refugees, including an infant girl who, ac­ then the air attache, told a U.S. labor dele­ base," says Anton 50, a midwife. "But they cording to witnesses, was kicked to death gation that the standard practice was for air don't want us here as witnesses to what by a government soldier. power "to go in and sanitize the area." they're going to do." Legislation is being considered in sub­ When he was asked what "sanitize" meant, that, in the past, health professionals have result in additional textile imports to the LoNDON.-The dominant image of third taken away from the people their Chealthl United States. world children this year has been the face decisionmaking power," according to a There is no question that the United of a hungry African child. But now comes recent UN World Health Organization com­ States is vulnerable to massive imports of word of a different image: one of hope. mittee cited by UNICEF. "Therefore an Three years ago, the United Nations Chil­ effort must now be made to give them back fiber, textile and apparel products. In fact, dren's Fund began predicting their confidence and to help them develop textile and apparel import growth has aver­ that a "child survival revolution" was possi­ their skills in making the right choices." aged 19 percent annually since 1980. Im­ ble in the third world within 12 years if po­ One question raised by the report: Won't ported textile products comprise over 50 litical leaders galvanized available resources sharply lower infant mortality rates push percent of our market, and 66,000 hard­ and technologies. up already high rates of population growth working American textile workers have al­ Last year, UNICEF reported the first in poorer countries? ready lost their jobs in 1985 alone. The leg­ glimmerings that the revolution had begun. No, Mr. Grant replies. Parents who are islation introduced today will spare the tax­ Now, in its annual "State of the World's confident that their children will survive Children 1986" report for 1986, UNICEF as­ into adulthood tend to have fewer, not payers the unnecessary burden of helping serts that the revolution is well under way­ more, children. to sponsor and subsidize overseas textile and accelerating-in more than 40 nations UN population experts agree that this has and apparel enterprises. including the world's two most populous, been the pattern in China, Sri Landa, South With the present trade deficit, the issue is China and India. Korea, Costa Rica, Singapore, and the state fairness. The taxpayers should not be subsi­ Officials see it as a third world safety net of Kerala in India. dizing the very industries that are compet­ being spread under society's most vulnera­ These experts also point out that more is ing for American jobs. Consider that inter­ ble members: children under the age of five. needed than lower infant mortality. The est rates on these loans range from about Economic recession, unemployment, status and literacy of women, for instance, drought, exploitation, neglect, and other ob­ must increase, along with their ability to 8.8 percent to no interest-along with grace stacles still keep the safety net away from find work outside the home. periods. This is far below the cost of capital countless millions of children. Faster eco­ UNICEF offers another argument: that for any American textile producer today. nomic development is also needed to let the "child survival revolution" increases I am asking every Member of this body children make the most of the lives the "parents' sense of control over their lives." to consider the equities of this remedial "revolution" is said to be saving. Anything that helps increase the "confi­ legislation and join me in this effort to But UNICEF Deputy Executive Director dence of parents that they can improve save American jobs. Richard Jolly, during an interview in their lives by their own informed decisions London, insisted that he saw "hard evi­ and actions . . . Cisl also likely to lower dence" of a "near miracle" in health care birthrates." CHILD SURVIVAL REVOLUTION and in changing parental attitudes. The UNICEF report spotlights the impor­ For years now, about 45,000 children tance of top political leaders supporting all under five-15 million a year-have died aspects of the "revolution." It cites: HON. BYRON L. DORGAN daily from malnutrition and other "easily Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi of India this OF NORTH DAKOTA preventable diseases," UN officials say. year launching an immunization plan to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Today, Dr. Jolly says, child mortality save the lives of more than 1 million chil­ rates are beginning to fall-dramatically-in dren a year by 1990 as a "living memorial" Monday, December 16, 1985 China, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Brazil, to his assassinated mother, Indira Gandhi. Mr. DORGAN of North Dakota. Mr. Nigeria, Indonesia, Colombia, El Salvador, Chinese leaders adopting this year the Speaker, we hear a lot of bad news on the 6 Ecuador, Bolivia, and elsewhere. World Health Organization goal of halving o'clock news and see a lot more on the The lives of "well over 1 million children a infant mortality rates by 1990. year" are being saved by two cheap, simple Turkish Prime Minister Turgut Ozal front page of the newspaper. So I am espe­ techniques alone, says UNICEF Executive launching an immunization campaign in all cially heartened by the good news about Director James P. Grant-immunization 67 of Turkey's provinces in September. the child survival revolution. and tiny salt-and-sugar packets to fight the Leaders in Colombia, the Dominican Re­ This nonviolent revolution is saving lives, dehydration that afflicts millions of poor public, Ecuador, Bolivia, Pakistan, El Salva­ not taking them. In some 40 nations children. Despite the continuing African dor, and Brazil pushing their own health 36806 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985 programs hard this year, partly in response IN MEMORY OF DIRK A. MILLER more good things to come from them in the to the World Health Organization goal of future. major progress by 1990. To the students let me say that I hope The number of salt-and-sugar packets dis­ HON. PETER H. KOSTMAYER OF PENNSYLVANIA your recent championship is the first of tributed rising from 100 million in 1984 to many yet to come. I can personally attest 200 million in 1985. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to your skillls and abilities and our entire Jolly cites several reasons for the "revolu­ Monday, December 16, 1985 tion" apparently taking off this year. community is proud of your accomplish­ Political leaders from left to right-Prime Mr. KOSTMA YER. Mr. Speaker, I rise ments. Minister Gandhi, President Belisario Betan­ today to pay tribute to a constituent, CWO I consider it a personal pleasure to con­ cur of Colombia, Prime Minister Ozal in Dirk A. Miller of Quakertown, PA, who lost gratulate the Monsignor Farrell band on its Turkey, President Thomas Sankara in Bur­ his life on December 12, 1985, while return­ remarkable triumphs. kina Faso-see political as well as humani­ ing from duty in the Sinai desert. tarian appeal in reaching out to more Chief Warrant Officer Miller and 247 people. other soldiers were killed when their char­ U.S. ARMY SP4C ROBERT Private organizations such as Oxfam, Save tered DC-8 crashed in Gander, Newfound­ THOMAS the Children, and Rotary International land. have pitched in. The news media have Chief Warrant Officer Miller had made a helped make people aware. The Band Aid/ HON.ROBERTJ.MRAZEK career in the military and had served his OF NEW YORK Live Aid organization started by singer Bob country for 12 years. He was a member of Geldof has contributed $3 million for immu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nizations in Ethiopia, Sudan, and the Sahel. the 502d Infan try Division, 3d Battalion, Western governments have given money lOlst Airborne Division of the U.S. Army. Monday, December 16, 1985 and knowhow: Italy, $100 million in 26 Afri­ He was a 1973 graduate of William Ten­ Mr. MRAZEK. Mr. Speaker, like many of can countries; Canada, $25 million; plus US nent High School in Warminster, PA. my colleagues, I was shocked to learn last support for the salt-and-sugar packets. The death of Chief Warrant Officer week of the tragic death of one of my con­ Miller is a grim reminder of the contribu­ stituents in the crash of the DC-8 charter tion of our f smilies of servicemen to their in Gander, Newfoundland. HONORING REV. GOMIDAS country. Dirk Miller leaves a wife, Kath­ U.S. Army Sp4c. Robert Thomas of VARTABED ryn, a 6-year-old son, Jason, and a 9- Roslyn, Long Island, was among 248 Amer­ month-old son, Brandon, all of Clarkes­ ican so\diers killed in the accident. He HON. RICHARD H. LEHMAN ville, TN. He also leaves five sisters and a leaves behind a bride of only 6 months, mother, Romaine Miller, of Quakertown, Wilhemenia Burney Thomas, and family in OF CALIFORNIA PA. We recognize their sacrifice and their North Carolina. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES loss, Mr. Speaker. Mr. Speaker, Robert Thomas came to On the day of his tragic death I spoke to Monday, December 16, 1985 Long Island while a teenager. His athletic Dirk's mother and conveyed to her the prowess led him to a position on the varsi­ Mr. LEHMAN of California. Mr. Speaker, pride all of us took in Dirk Miller's service ty basketball · team at Manhasset High on December 22, 1985, 80,000 Americans of to his family and his country. School, from which he graduated in 1979. Armenian descent will honor one of their The neighbors, friends, and all the people In 1982, Robert Thomas joined the U.S. most talented and inspiring clergymen, Go­ of Bucks and eastern Montgomery counties Army and he served for 2 years in West midas Vartabed, with a Sunday Mass and will miss Dirk Miller, and on behalf of the Germany. Returning to the headquarters of commemorative concert in New York City. House of Representatives, Mr. Speaker, I the lOlst Airborne at Fort Campbell, KY, Many will pause and remember Gomidas want to extend our prayers and sympathy he married Wilhemenia in June and then Vartabed for the folk songs which he sin­ to his wife, mother and to his family. left for assignment to the Middle East in glehandedly collected and refined over the July, where he served as a member of the course of his lifetime. MONSIGNOR FARRELL multinational peacekeeping force stationed Born in 1869, Gomidas Vartabed was sent MARCHING BAND along the Egypt-Israel border. off to study music at the early age of 11 In the New Testament book of Matthew, and soon became a true scholar and lover Mr. Speaker, it is written that "* • • HON. GUY V. MOLINARI Blessed are the peacemakers: for they shall of Armenian music. After being ordained a OF NEW YORK priest at the age of 24, Gomidas traveled be called the children of God." Though life IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is often unfair, it seems a particularly cruel among the eastern provinces in Armenia Monday, December 16, 1985 fate for this young soldier and his col­ gathering, assembling, and refining the var­ Mr. MOLINARI. Mr. Speaker, I rise to leagues from the peacekeeping mission on ious folksongs of the region which capti­ the doomed flight that they would be taken vated the hearts of large audiences. He also pay tribute to the members of the Monsi­ gnor Farrell High School Marching Band from us in so inexplicable a manner. harmonized the Divine Liturgy, the musical I'm sure that the hearts of my colleagues foundation of the Armenian Apostolic of my district in Staten Island, NY. Under the direction of Larry Christiansen, the go out along with mine to the wife, family Church. band has recently completed a season of and friends of Robert Thomas, who served Fifty years after his death, the music and performance excellence, winning the 1985 his country with pride and honor. memory of Gomidas Vartabed lives with New York State-Class 1 championship in thousands of Armenians, grateful for his the Eastern Marching Band Association. In PERSONAL EXPLANATION efforts to preserve transcriptions of Arme­ addition, the band placed a close second­ nian religious and secular music even missing first place by only one point-in during the atrocities in Ottoman Turkey the five State E.M.B.A. competition. HON. MICHAEL BILIRAKIS between 1915 and 1923. I am pleased to be Beyond the accomplishments of the band OF FLORIDA one of many to acknowledge and com­ as a whole, lie the individual success sto­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES memorate Gomidas Vartabed for his spe­ ries and talented contributions of the 80 cial contribution to the history of Armeni­ students who comprise the marching band. Monday, December 16, 1985 ans around the world. I have no doubt that the level of quality Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, last week I displayed at every performance is the result was unavoidably absent from the vote on of long hours of practice and extraordinary Senate Joint Resolution 238, calling for nu­ discipline. Such a steadfast commitment to clear cooperation with the People's Repub­ excellence is a tribute to the character of lic of China, due to a meeting I had with these fine students and offers promise for President Reagan at the White House. December 16, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36807 Had I been present, I would have voted for union members paid for by an educa­ a children's room, audiovisual rooms, and against this resolution. While a more pro­ tional and cultural fund; college scholar­ a mezzanine addition to the local library. ductive relationship with China is a worthy ships for members' families; an annuity Meanwhile, as the company has grown, goal, it must not be at the expense of our plan; and a jury duty benefit designed to Hudson has benefited from the construc­ own security or the security of our more encourage responsible citizenship among tion of increased facilities and increased vulnerable non-Communist neighbors. Nu­ union members. In addition, he worked jobs. The company's prosperity has been clear capability in the hands of potential with management to found in 1943 the passed along to employees-now some 170 aggressors poses a very serious threat, and highly successful Joint Industry Board of strong. In 1966, when the company expand­ I am concerned that the United States-Chi­ the Electrical Industry, which has been re­ ed its building, it also announced a full­ nese agreement may only serve to increase ponsible for securing excellent benefits for paid retirement program for employees. that threat. electrical workers, such as new pension Mr. Speaker, I believe the dedication, Despite evidence from our intelligence plans, an apprenticeship training program, vision, and hard work of people such as Ed community that the Communist Chinese a vacation holiday expense plan, and over a Engle, Sr., is what makes this Nation great. have provided nuclear assistance to Iran dozen other important benefits. Rima is a strong part of the Hudson com­ and Pakistan, the proposed agreement for In 1957, Harry Van Arsdale was elected munity due to the generosity and work of nuclear cooperation lacks specific safe­ president of the newly created, 1,000,000- the Engle family. I urge all of my col­ guards to assure nonproliferation. In light member New York Central Labor Trades leagues to join with me in congratulating of China's track record and its opposing Council. His farsighted leadership sparked Rima on an outstanding 30 years and wish ideology, we should expect no less then the creation of a black trade union leader­ them many, many more years of success. written commitments from them. We ship committee and a Hispanic labor com­ should also strongly encourage them to mittee, which have helped all New York become signatories to the Non-Prolifera­ workers fight together for common goals. HOPEFUL SIGNS FROM CHINA tion Treaty, a move which they have thus In addition, Van Arsdale successfully far refused to make. helped organize workers in many New HON. MEL LEVINE York industries-including taxi drivers, While this resolution calls for the addi­ OF CALIFORNIA tion of several conditions to address the who had failed in previous, attempts to un­ obvious inadequacies of the proposed ionize. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES agreement, I just do not feel it goes far Mr. Speaker, I regret that I do not have Monday, December 16, 1985 enough to assure us that China will comply the time to list all of Harry Van Arsdale's Mr. LEVINE of California. Mr. Speaker, with our nonproliferation standards. Since accomplishments in his more than 50 years China has been, and continues to be, a this would be the first agreement of this as a major union official. This man is per­ source of mystery and fascination to this kind with a Communist government, I sonally responsible for much of the country. Relatively closed off to the West, think it would be more appropriate to progress that labor has made in this centu­ its secrets have seemed almost unfathoma­ insist on more stringent safeguards, not ry in America, and we in Queens are very ble, its adherence to Marxist principles less. proud to claim him as one of our own. His frightening. But things are slowly chang­ example of leadership and dedication to the ing, and for the better. These changes are cause of helping America's workers has IN HONOR OF HARRY VAN ARS- discussed in an insightful and revealing ar­ paid off for millions of Americans who ticle that appeared in the December 8, 1985 DALE, UNION LEADER IN work with their hands. QUEENS Los Angeles Times by Warren Christopher, Mr. Speaker, I call now on all of my col­ former Deputy Secretary of State. leagues in the U.S. House of Representa­ Mr. Christopher enjoys the reputation of HON.CARYL.ACKERMAN tives to join me in tribute to Harry Van one of the most distinguished public serv­ OF NEW YORK Arsdale, of Queens County, NY, and in ap­ ant in our Nation. His example is just one IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES preciation for all he has done for our recent example of his insight. Monday, December 16, 1985 Nation. China was once aligned with the Soviet Mr. ACKERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise Union, but split in 1960. Mr. Christopher today in tribute to Harry Van Arsdale, Jr., RIMA MANUFACTURING CO. writes: of Flushing, NY, upon the celebration of This Sino-Soviet division has been a fact his 80th birthday on November 23, 1985. of life for many years, but many may not HON. CARL D. PURSELL have grasped its full importance. Not long Harry Van Arsdale has been a towering OF :MICHIGAN ago US defense planning was geared to fight figure in organized labor in New York City IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 21h wars at once-against the Soviet Union, for over 50 years. Born in 1905 while his against China and against a smaller regional father was on strike, Van Arsdale joined Monday, December 16, 1985 power. Now, the United States does not arm Local 3 of the International Brotherhood Mr. PURSELL. Mr. Speaker, I rise today itself against China-but the Soviet Union of Electrical Workers in 1925 at a time in recognition of the 30th anniversary of does. This one change has brought a major when it was plagued by untrustworthy offi­ an important company located in my home realignment in the global balance of power. r.ers and threatened with Communist take­ district. Headquartered in Hudson, Ml, the Clearly the impact of the Sino-Soviet over. He quickly moved to overhaul Local Rima Manufacturing Co. is celebrating 30 split is important, not only to the United 3, instituting democratic handling of union years of operation-from 1955 to 1985. States, but to the world, and has produced practices and finances. By 1939, member­ This machining services supply company what Mr. Christopher calls "a massive shift ship had more than quadrupled to 30,000. was founded by Ed Engle, Sr., and today is in the global balance of military power." As business agent, business manager, and operated along with his son, Ed Engle, Jr. There has been a significant change in financial secretary for Local 3, based in From a humble start in a wood-frame China's approach to ideology, as well. Ac­ Flushing, Queens County, Van Arsdale has building that once housed horses, Rima has cording to Mr. Christopher: spearheaded many innovative ideas to ben­ grown to an international company with The Marxist premise, "to each according efit the members of the local and millions facilities in Canada. to his need" is out of favor, being replaced of other trade unionists across the United But beyond the business accomplish­ with a quite different premise, "to each ac­ States. Under his direction, Local 3 insti­ ments, Rima has played an important role cording to his performance." There is offi. tuted trailblazing programs to provide job in the Hudson community-a role which cial acceptance, even approval, of the accu­ mulation of wealth. Private ownership is security, better working conditions, greater must be recognized. permitted for shops, restaurants and benefits, and educational programs for A major benefactor of Rima's community medium-sized businesses. workers' children. participation has been the Hudson Public Perhaps most striking of all, China is Among the specific programs that Harry Library. The Engles, through their compa­ granting permission for private companies Van Arsdale pioneered have been courses ny, have made donations which have built to sell shares of stock to the public. To a 36808 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985 capitalist, this is the natural business proc­ Even the communist revolution could not especially in contrast to the "teach them a ess; to a Marxist, it is heresy. erase all this history. When the Soviet lesson" approach of the late 1970s. Rela­ Mr. Christopher states that "China is a Union asserted the right to defend socialism tions with South Korea are edging toward remarkable vindication of the free-enter­ by invading sovereign nations, Czechoslova­ normalcy. kia was the 1983 target but China saw the For good measure, China has trimmed its prise system," and so it is. Relying on the message-and didn't like it. By 1969 there military budget and plans to reduce the size incentive system, it has chosen a system was sporadic fighting along the Sino-Soviet of the People's Army by 1 million men. As a which is the antithesis of the Soviet ap­ border and Mao Tse-tung was telling his nuclear power, China has shown no interest proach. people to "store grain everywhere," and to in an arms race with anyone-maintaining True, China is still not a liberal, demo­ "dig tunnels deep"-words that resonated less than 250 nuclear-capable missiles and cratic society where its citizens enjoy polit­ with Americans who were concerned about bombers, compared with thousands for the ical and personal freed om. Still, these Soviet expansionism. Soviet Union and the United States. That parallel outlook toward the Soviets Meanwhile, the country's domestic trends changes are important in the geopolitical opened the way for gradual normalizing of context, and are hopeful signs of decreas­ have been riveting. U.S-China contacts, leading to the estab­ China has not become a liberal, democrat­ ing hostility toward Western and democrat­ lishment of full diplomatic relations in 1979. ic society. Political and personal freedoms ic ideas. This Sino-Soviet division has been a fact are still sharply confined. But there have The entire text of Mr. Christopher's arti­ of life for many years, but many may not been drastic and accelerating departures cle follows. I hope my colleagues will read have grasped its full importance. Not long from the Marxist model in the economic it. ago U.S. defense planning was geared to sphere. They began with reform in agricul­ Thank you. fight 21/z wars at once-against the Soviet ture. In 1978, the Chinese started shifting The article follows: Union, against China and against a smaller from farming communes to a system of con­ regional power. Now, the United States does tracts with family farmers. They adopted REFORMS RESHAPE THE WORLD not arm itself against China-but the Soviet such unorthodox prescriptions for agricul­ LONG MARCH TO A PROFIT MOTIVE Union does. This one change has brought a ture as regulation by market forces, profit major realignment in the global balance of incentives and experiments in enterprise power. economy. Napoleon once said about China: "There What about the future? Will China slip The agricultural reform was called a "self­ lies a sleeping giant. Let her sleep, for when back into Soviet orbit? No-not necessarily responsibility system." cial told me that the reforms would create 2,600 employees for 5 years and 7 months­ The Catholic Church is sometimes "200 million rich Chinese." some 2,040 consecutive days without an charged with holding positions and doc­ These are changes of historic proportions. injury requiring lost time. This accomplish­ trines which derive from a desire to enforce No major communist country has tried to ment is a testimony to sound safety prac­ male dominance. Many feminists currently move so far, let alone so fast, toward a tices. claim that the church, as an institution, in­ market economy. The Economist, a British Moreover, this achievement sets a record tentionally creates and preserves policies weekly, recently suggested that "if the same of performance for Dow globally. This is which support and encourage the suppres­ thing were happening in Russia, it would be even more noteworthy considering the dif­ sion of women and their rights. In particu­ the wonder of the century. The West is enti­ lar, the Church's positions on marriage, tled to be enthralled." ficult conditions specific to Brazil. birth control, and abortion are accused of There is some evidence that the rapid Recently, the Dow Chemical Co. received being constructed to serve best male inter­ pace of decentralization in China may have the Lammont du Pont Safety Award from ests. It may well be true that many a male outrun the competence of local managers. the Chemical Manufacturing Association chauvinst can be found within the ranks of Even the promise of change in the pervasive for outstanding reduction in injury and ill­ clergy, religious, and laity. However, it is a system of price controls produced a ripple of ness frequency rates among chemcial com­ more serious and difficult task to uncover panic buying; when actual price increases panies in the United States, leading all eli­ any teaching of the Church which is genu­ come, discontent is bound to follow. Opposi­ gible companies in the largest category, inely derived from a proposition which af­ tion is surfacing among bureaucrats who are with a recordable injury rates reduction of firms male superiority. One would simply losing power and who call the reforms "spir­ commit the fallacy of composition if one itual pollution." This is plainly a time of 46.5 percent. concluded that a few high placed chauvin­ testing. Dow's Brazilian operations encompass ists represent the teachings of the Church. Many students of China also wonder what investments of approximately $500 million, In fact the feminist critique of the Catholic will happen when· Deng, now 81 years old, which include complex chemical and phar­ position on abortion rests on a simple confu­ leaves office. But Deng, the leading archi­ maceutical plants in five different loca­ sion which, once it is understood, will clear tect of reform, gives every indication of tions, one research and development center the Church's position from any further ac­ being concerned with posterity as well as and a number of sales and administrative cusations of male chauvinism. power. He has firmly designated his succes­ offices all over the country. Among the Many arguments for the moral permissi­ sors-Hu the party leader, Zhao the pre­ bility of abortion center on the woman's mier. A cadre of younger people has re­ chemicals produced are chlorine/caustic right to determine what happens to her own placed a generation of aging leaders, the soda, chlorinated solvents, propylene oxide body. The argument goes like this: a woman largest power shift since 1949. The broad and propylene glycols, 2,4-D herbicides, and has a genuine right to decide what happens strategy is to assure that today's directions many other chemicals and products. to her own body; included in that right is will survive their chief author. Mr. Speaker, this is quite an achieve­ the choice to become pregnant; therefore a The reforms are manifestly popular-and, ment, and will serve as the benchmark with woman has a right to abort a fetus if she on the whole, working. China has grown at which industrial safety levels will be meas­ does not choose to bear the child. It is thus sustained rates comparable to Japan in the ured in the future. claimed that an anti-abortion position flies 1960s and South Korea, Taiwan and Hong in the face of a woman's sovereignty over Kong in the '70s. As businessmen dealing her own body. This argument is flawed be­ with China can attest, the country hungers cause its second premise masks a confusion for advanced technology, and incorporates THE "RIGHTS" QUESTION which rests on the failure to distinguish the it readily-in effect, skipping whole genera­ right to become pregnant from the right to tions in building an industrial base. choose not to carry to term. In the midst of its "self-responsibility" ap­ HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN The first claim, that of sovereignty, means proach, China is a remarkable vindication of OF CALIFORNIA that a woman has a right not to be forced the free-enterprise system. The largest of into manual labor, sexual acts, or to bear all the emerging countries has announced IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES children against her will. This last point is its reliance on an incentive system, the an­ Monday, December 16, 1985 the focus of the argument. A woman should tithesis of the Soviet approach. Certainly not be forced to become pregnant if she there are fits and starts. Predictably, they Mr. DORNAN of California. Mr. Speak­ chooses not to. The problem is, what hap­ try to rationalize their reforms with quota­ er- pens once she has become pregnant against tions from leading communist theoreticians. If a woman becomes pregnant, the right her own will? Does her right not to become But the Chinese are opting for a market of abortion is not implied by her right not pregnant in the first instance guarantee her economy and they are not turning back. to become pregnant. This is because her a right to abort the fetus if she becomes Modern Chirfa is also a forceful answer to action no longer concerns only herself. pregnant as a result of force or accident? the suggestion that every Marxist society is Mr. Speaker, those words correctly and This point has been the source of confu­ irretrievably hostile to Western interests. sion. If a woman becomes pregnant, the Nations can be subjugated by stronger out­ simply clarify the "rights" debate around right of abortion is not implied by her right side powers, and we know that is a Soviet which much of our abortion discussion is not to become pregnant. This is because her ambition. But modern China shows that na­ centered. Mary Jane Trau, an instructor in action no longer concerns only herself. tions, when able to do so, are more likely to the Department of Philosophy at the Uni­ What she now chooses to do will seriously follow their own interest than someone versity of Miami in Coral Gables, has writ­ affect the life of another human being. The else's script. ten a superb article, "Distinguishing right of the woman to determine what hap­ It just might be true that time is on free­ Rights: Feminism's Misconceptions on pens to her own body has never been at dom's side. Abortion," for the December issue of Ca­ stake. It is the right of the woman to deter­ mine what happens to the unborn child tholicism in Crisis. that raises the moral question. SAFETY RECORD SETS EXAMPLE I insert the article in the RECORD today In such a case, a conflict of claims is for serious review and reflection by all of present. The right of the mother to her my colleagues. Mary Jane Trau brilliantly body is staked against the right of the child HON. BILL SCHUETIE explains the fallacy of the "rights" ques­ to live. One way of posing the question is as OF MICHIGAN tion. Unfortunately, there are Members of follows: under what conditions, if any, is it IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Congress who would argue with her state­ morally permissible to kill the unborn child? ment that: A popular framework for an answer is: when Monday, December 16, 1985 no rights are being violated, or the mother's The right of a woman to determine what rights override those of the fetus, it is mor­ Mr. SCHUETI'E. Mr. Speaker, an impor­ happens to her own body has never been at ally permissible to take the life of the child. tant milestone in industrial safety was stake. It is the right of the woman to deter­ Now the whole issue of rights is at hand. reached recently. The Brazilian operations mine what happens to the unborn child Who has rights? of the Dow Chemical Co., headquartered in that raises the moral questions. A contemporary answer is that persons Midland, Ml, attained an all-time safety The article follows: have rights. Thus anyone who meets the cri- 36810 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985 terion for personhood has defensible rights. of life is the ultimate justification for a de­ throughs in vital areas, especially in creat­ The most accepted criterion for personhood fensible right. The child's "right to life" is ing the framework for a continuing dialog includes three factors: self-awareness; an simply our belief that God alone is the giver awareness of others; and the ability to of life. not only between United States and Soviet reason. Whoever meets this criterion is a Once a woman carries life within her, in leaders but also between the American and person and thus has rights. A major prob­ spite of the circumstances of conception, Russian people. lem with this view is that such a class would she no longer has only her life to consider. On the leadership level, the summit was a exclude not only infants up to the age of The plea for her to bear the child reflects star on the horizon, a light that just might three, but also the senile, severely retarded, the Church's great respect and confidence point to a future of peace. Many have em­ and the insane. None of these creatures in her ability to act with courage and con­ phasized the remarkable new personal rela­ would have rights under the criterion listed. viction. It reveals our Church's faith in her Thus no one would be violating any rights if daughters. No one would minimize or be in­ tionship that took root between President these were to be killed. It would be morally sensitive to the tragedy of bearing an un­ Reagan and General Secretary Gorbachev. permissible to kill them because they are wanted and forced pregnancy. Nonetheless, That alone made the summit a success. not persons and therefore have no rights. If we cannot betray our obligation to protect That star will remain on the horizon. a decision were made not to abort or kill, it the innocent and the helpless. Our strong­ Our nations and our two leaders will meet would derive from some position other than est moral obligatiohs are to those in need. again, in two more summits: 1986 in Wash­ the issue of rights. The Catholic position on abortion has its The rights issue would allow that a roots in our most basic theology. To see this ington and 1987 in Moscow. President woman has the right to abort. If she choos­ position as a desire to subjugate women to Reagan and General Secretary Gorbachev es not to, it would be by appeal to some male dominance is short-sighted, misguided, have agreed to keep on talking, to keep on other position, e.g., utilitarianism. However, and dishonest. trying to end the arms race. They have also if one refers solely the rights criterion, The fallacy in the argument for women's declared their hope and their commitment those who do not have rights simply do not sovereignty lies in the simple fact that once to reduce fear and hate. They have said have any rights to be violated. Thus, the de­ a woman has become pregnant, under what­ they want to approach peace in a new atti­ termination of exactly who does have rights ever circumstance, she is no longer dealing is paramount. Daily News, Dec. President Eisenhower, or the people them­ and way of life. But I do think we should 13, 1985] selves, may have influenced President Rea­ try to convert each other, as people, to COUNTY COUPLE MARRIED 74 YEARS gan's support of the "People to People" friendship and cooperation and eventually program. We do know that the people, en­ peace, instead of suspicion and confronta­ couraged by the President's vigorous en­ FORT KENT.-A Fort Kent couple, George tion and eventually war. We each have vast and Isabelle Russell, who have been married dorsement, will be urging their govern­ resources, including ourselves, the people. for 74 years, have been identified as Maine's ments to bring them peace. I think this is We can employ them, and ourselves, for the longest-married couple. true not only in our country and in the benefit of each other, and of other people "Seventy-four years is a long time. But it Soviet Union but in every country of the everywhere. And perhaps we will convert hasn't seemed that long ... She's been very world as well. the Soviets, along the way, and ourselves, good to me and to her family," said Russell, By another strange coincidence, I fol­ to each others' music and literature and 94, of his 90-year-old wife. lowed Congressman SEIBERLING to that dance, and their people to friendship, their More than 100 couples throughout Maine "People to People" platform that night at received nominations for the search for the farmers and fishermen, doctors and scien­ longest-married residents. The search was Lisner Auditorium. I went on just moments tists, schoolteachers and students, as well held in conjunction with area observances after the President's speech, though I was as their children. And our people may come of World Marriage Day, which will be cele­ unaware of it at the time. Had I known to know and better understand the Russian brated on Sunday, Feb. 9. The event is spon­ about it, I think I would have guessed what people. sored by the group, Worldwide Marriage En­ the President was going to do at Geneva. I believe we must be involved in a counter. I did not have a prepared speech that "People to People" program. The alterna­ The Russells were married at St. Luce night. I wasn't even on the program. I was Catholic Church in Upper Frenchville on tive, as on the battlefield, is that there may July 1, 1911. They are the parents of eight just filling in, at the last minute, for an­ be no people at all. other Member of Congress who had been children, six still living. They have 17 grand­ President Reagan and General Secretary children, 19 great-grandchildren and two unable to come. So I was simply moved to Gorbachev have an unprecedented opportu­ great-great-grandchildren. say something from my own experience. As nity to be peacemakers. They could set in Interviewed at their home on Pleasant I recall, the remarks went like this. motion the saving of millions, possibly Street, which they share with their daugh­ "In much of my life I participated in a even billions, of lives. For that is what nu­ ter, Janet, and son-in-law, Don Dumond, the people-to-people program-as a soldier. We clear war could mean, in numbers. Russells-alert, witty and cheerful-look 20 entered the battlefield as strangers, and we years younger than their ages. I am proud to be an ally of the "People Mrs. Russell, the former Isabelle Bard, prayed to leave as strangers-because the to People" program with President Reagan. alternative was not to leave the battlefield was born in Upper Frenchville in a family of This endeavor could provide the vital impe­ eight. at all. tus for ending the nuclear arms race and Her soft-spoken husband was born in St. "As a young officer in the Marines, I also making nuclear war merely a nightmare Jacques, New Brunswick, in a family of 11. · participated in an entirely different people­ from which the world has finally woken. His parents moved to the United States to-people program not on the battlefield It is indeed supremely ironic that it was when Russell was about 3 years old. but in the field of music. My colleagues and General Dwight D. Eisenhower, who led the The couple met at a dance. A year later, I would start a musical performance before when he was 20 and she was 16, they mar­ largest fighting force the world has ever ried. total strangers in foreign countries and known during World War II, who as Presi­ would invariably end up as friends of the "The morning of our wedding, I remember dent of the United States would inaugurate I had second thoughts about getting mar­ audience-through the magic of music. the people-to-people program as a way to ried because of my age," Mrs. Russell said, "Before I retired from the Marine Corps lasting peace and goodwill toward men. "My father did not really approve because as a Brigadier.General, I had been in three he felt I was too young. But I married, wars, two of them were against Commu­ anyway. He Star, Dec. 10, 19851 "It cost us $5,000 at the time. Of course, at protected natural habitats for use in re­ first it was not all finished. No, we never search and teaching. GOODYEAR SEES REALITY owed a penny to anybody," she said. The university has been responsible for a Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co. employees At the age of· 67, Russell retired from his number of research and extension break­ have traded job security for wages. It's a contr:icting job. "But he found the time throughs during Jim's tenure. For instance, wise move. long. This was not for him," said Janet. the Mosquito Abatement Program which If you have been shopping for a new clock Shortly thereafter, Russell was employed Jim oversees has resulted in a number of for Christmas, maybe you have looked at an as a foreman for the Austin Brothers of Elgin. An Elgin is likely to appeal to Lincoln mosquito control strategies which have vir­ people because watches of that name were Fort Kent, where he worked until the age of tually eliminated encephalitis and malaria 87. once made here in a plant on North 17th Despite his 94 years, Russell putters in California. Jim has overseen the estab­ Street just south of the State Fairgrounds. around the house. He likes to take long lishment of the Expanded Food and Nutri­ Elgin clocks are now made in Japan, as walks and rakes the property grounds in the tion Education Program [EFNEP] serving you can notice on their faces. spring and fall. "Sometimes I'm gone for urban and rural disadvantaged families. He If you have purchased Christmas lights or two or three hours. I even walk to town," he has also helped the expansion of the 4-H ornaments, you may have noticed they are said. Program into urban and suburban commu­ made in Taiwan, even those lights sporting The Russells said they never considered nities. the well-known General Electric identifica­ living in a nursing home. Their daughter On the national scene, Jim has made tion. If you have shopped for clothing, you said that having three generations under many contributions as well, serving on nu­ the same roof has never created problems. know that more is manufactured outside "It's been a pleasure having them with us," merous national advisory panels, from the than inside the United States. Electronics she said. American Association for the Advancement and cameras are big gift items and far more Said Mrs. Russell, "I guess God loved us. of Science agriculture committee to an ad­ of them come from beyond our own shores. We're still together. After we're married, visory panel for a study of water and agri­ Foreign-made goods have become a perva­ even if we don't want our man, we have to culture conducted by the Congressional sive part of the U.S. marketplace. keep him, wash and press his clothes, and Office of Technology Assessment. He was A Goodyear union spokesman axplained have his meals ready when he walks in the chairman of the Council of Administrative that workers would forego wage hikes to fa­ door and asks 'What's for supper?' " she Heads of Agriculture and the Division of cilitate a five-year company investment in said, teasing her husband. plant modernization. Thus, Goodyear will Agriculture for the land-grant schools. And become better able to meet competition he is a member and fellow of a number of from abroad and here at home, and jobs at CALIFORNIA AGRICULTURE major national scientific organizations. the Lincoln plant will be retained. OWES MUCH TO JIM KENDRICK But mostly, I will think of Jim's good It's not a pro-union or anti-union issue at work when I think of the world class status all; it's good, common sense in facing cur­ that the University of California enjoys in rent reality. The reality is that imports and HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. advanced technology are taking a heavy toll OF CALIFORNIA agriculture studies. When I travel to an­ other country and speak to their agricul­ of manufacturing jobs in the United States, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES making greater productivity absolutely es­ tural leaders, I invariably deal with a Uni­ sential. Monday, December 16, 1985 versity of California graduate. When I We hope U.S. government policy will con­ Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speaker, speak with witnesses at hearings or with tinue to encourage a decline in the value of was recently notified that Dr. James B. national agricultural policy experts, I find the dollar. Other action is needed to offset Kendrick, University of California vice that many of them are University of Cali­ the subsidies by which many foreign coun­ president for agriculture and natural re­ fornia graduates. And much of this is due tries support their exports and the import sources, will be retiring next year. The agri­ to the energy and effort that Jim Kendrick charges they assess against U.S. imports. has put into his work over the years to In the meantime, Goodyear's labor-man­ culture sector in California and the Nation agement accord over wages and plant mod­ owes a debt of gratitude to Jim Kendrick keep the University of California on top in ernization is a marriage of mutual survival for all that he has done during his nearly agriculture and natural resources sciences. and benefit. 40 years of service to the University of I wish Jim well in his retirement and hope that all of agriculture will take time California. As someone who has come to CFrom the Lincoln , Star, Dec. 10, 19851 depend upon Jim's advice on agricultural to honor his deeds. matters, especially in the area of agricul­ GOODYEAR WORKERS TRADE RAISES FOR MODERNIZATION tural research, I will miss his contributions GOODYEAR SEES REALITY to ag policy in this town. Jim started his career at the University Goodyear is making a five-year commit­ HON. DOUG BEREUTER ment to modernize its Lincoln plant, includ­ of California at Riverside, in my district, OF NEBRASKA when he joined the staff of the Citrus Ex­ ing a $23 million investment in 1986. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In exchange, Goodyear worker have voted periment Station there in 1947. He then Monday, December 16, 1985 to accept contractual changes that include went on to become a professor of plant pa­ wage freezes for at least the next two years. thology there in 1961, serving as chairman Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, employees According to Gib Laws president of United of the plant pathology department from at the Goodyear plant in Lincoln, NE, have Rubber Workers Local 286, 85 percent of 1963 to 1968, when he became the vice taken a courageous and far-sighted step. the union members voted to give up cost-of­ president for the University of California's They have bitten the bullet and agreed to living raises as well as general raises for at agricultural sciences. give up cost-of-living raises and general least the next two years. As vice president, Jim has been responsi­ raises for at least the next 2 years. • • • ble for a number of programs. He has given Eighty-five percent of the members of Orme called the plan a "partnership" in strong support to the agricultural research, United Rubber Workers Local 286 voted to investment for the future. December 16, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36813 He said the $23 million first-year invest­ CONTINUING RESOLUTION-21- among 18- to 20-year-olds in States that ment approved by the Goodyear board was YEAR-OLD DRINKING LAW have raised the legal drinking age. the first of a substantial total investment For example, in Michigan, which in­ the company planned to make in the Lin­ creased its minimum drinking age from 18 coln plant over the next years. He declined HON. STEVE GUNDERSON to 21 in December 1978-and was included to reveal the amount of the total projected OF WISCONSIN investment. in this study-the number of alcohol-relat­ Orme said the plant has expanded six IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ed traffic deaths among 18- to 21-year-olds declined from 211 to 186 the year after the times since Goodyear came to Lincoln more Monday, December 16, 1985 than 40 years ago. drinking age was raised. However, the 186 However, this first-year investment is the Mr. GUNDERSON. Mr. Speaker, on June alcohol-related deaths represent 48 percent largest single commitment Goodyear has 7, 1984, Congress passed an amended high­ of all of the traffic deaths in the 18- to 21- made in Lincoln, he said. way appropriation bill with a provision year-old age group and an increase from Plans call for investing between 70 per­ placing fiscal pressure on States to increase the year before. cent and 75 percent in new equipment and their minimum drinking age to 21 in order Figures from the National Highway Traf­ the remaining 20 percent to 25 percent in to receive Federal highway funds. I was op­ fic Safety Administration-PB83-133587- new floors, walls, ventilation and a new re­ posed to this infringement upon individual demonstrate that traffic accidents involving ceiving dock. State rights then, and am equally opposed 21- to 34-year-olds are more frequently al­ • • • • to amendment 22 of the continuing resolu­ cohol-related than those involving 18- to To compete in the world market, Orme tion. This amendment would make perma­ 20-year-olds. said, it was necessary for the Lincoln plant nent a loss of Federal highway funds for Drinking in Fatal Accidents-National Highway to reduce the price to the customer between States without a 21-year-old minimum TraJfic SaJety Administration 25 percent and 30 percent oyer the next drinking age law. [Percent of drivers in fatal accidents who had been three to five years. Representing a district of Wisconsin with drinking, nationwide, 1979--801 Orme said Goodyear was not modernizing a minimum drinking age of 19, I do not be­ Age of driver: Percentage the plant to "play catchup" but rather to be lieve the continuing resolution is the ap­ 16 to 17...... 36.6 competitive in the world market. propriate legislative means by which to re­ 18...... 43.9 "If you're not competitive in the world sponsibly address this issue. 19...... 47.5 market, you might as well forget it," he The 1984 action by Congress would allow 20...... 47.2 said. "Now it's time for total modernization. 21...... 49.6 Because of the faith in our people, Good­ States to change their minimum drinking age to 21 by 1987 or lose 5 percent of their 22 to 24...... 50.4 year is taking steps necessary for this plant 25 to 34...... 47.6 to be viable in future years." Federal highway funds and 10 percent in 1988. Senator LAUTENBERG's amendment to A Duke University researcher analyzed • • • • • the continuing resolution is premature and other data prepared by the National High­ He said modernization of a plant as old as does not take into consideration a number way Traffic Safety Administration and Lincoln's was a tremendous cost to Good­ of studies and statistics related to the mini­ came to the conclusion that driver death year. mum drinking age and alcohol-related rates were 8-percent higher among 18-20 "But our management is willing to do that highway accidents. year-olds in States where the legal drinking because the workers here have been so good The University of Pennsylvania-Whar­ age was 21 than where it was 18 years of over the last 42 years." age. Orme said projections show that it will ton School, in September of this year, pre­ sented the conclusions of a long-term study In my home State of Wisconsin, the Wis­ take six years for Goodyear to start realiz­ consin Department of Transportation ing any return on the investment. entitled, "The Relationship Between In­ Laws said the threat of competition, both creases in Minimum Purchase Age for Al­ [WIDOT] has conducted a number of stud­ domestic and foreign, "forced us to re-evalu­ coholic Beverages and the Number of Traf­ ies related to the drinking age and the ate our own competitiveness in a world fic Fatalities." The Wharton School study question of "border hopping" between Illi­ market." takes a look at the traffic fatality index nois. WIDOT has concluded that "border "We don't like to do it, but there is no from State highway fatality data and ana­ hopping" is not an age-specific problem. other alternative. lyzes the change over time in States where There is no evidence that alcohol-related "We may lose some jobs, but in the future the minimum purchase age [MPA] of alco­ highway accidents increased more for out­ we should gain in the long run when the hol increased between 1975 and 1981. Con­ of-State drivers affected by raising the legal plant becomes more competitive." clusions from the Wharton Study assess drinking age in their home States than for Laws said Goodyear management did not older drivers from the same State after the give workers any guarantees of the maxi­ that: Unaffected groups experienced State Normalized 17 to 23. According to Laws, the workers would Wisconsin drivers under the age of 21 rather give up a wage increase than become Fatality Index CSNFI1 increases following "a statistic with a closed plant." MPA increases. have been more responsible and responsive For individuals in the 18-20 age group to the need to reduce the number of alco­ "If we don't make these changes, in three there tended to be increases in highway fa­ years the plant won't be viable. We'll be so hol-related accidents than any older driver talities following increases in the state mini­ age group. The number and percentage of far behind we'll not be able to compete," he mum drinking age. said. The relationship between minimum drink­ alcohol-related accidents for those drivers With the planned changes, the plant ing age incrases and highway performance, under 21 has declined more than for older could be around 20 years from now, accord­ as measured by the SNFI, was not uniform drivers. In 1984, drunk driving rates were ing to Laws. across the states. the lowest for those under the age of 21, The plant now has 1,295 workers in the For individuals under age <16 to 18 years since 1973.-WIDOT, April 1985. bargaining unit and about 330 other em­ of age), there is no benefit from an increase In a comparison between Illinois with a ployees. in the minimum drinking age. drinking age of 21 and Wisconsin with a Whatever the concessions, workers appar­ The Wharton study found that of the 14 drinking age of 18 until 1984, drunk driving ently are willing to accept them rather than States studied, in 11 States the actual related fatalities decreased 26 percent in face the possibility of having no jobs at all. driver death rates increased as the maini­ Wisconsin and in Illinois the fatalities in­ • • • • • mum drinking age was raised. creased 24 percent. Another recent study conducted by two In retrospect of the data above, it is clear assistant professors of political science at that by increasing the minimum drinking Case Western Reserve University of Cleve­ age to 21 will not cure the national prob­ land found no pattern of significant decline lem of drinking and driving. Other viable in the percentagae of alcohol-related deaths solutions, such as educational programs 36814 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 16, 1985 and more strict State enforcement of drunk holiday season, should help heighten our uled, and any cancellations or changes driving laws must be sought to this nation­ awareness of this national concern. in the meetings as they occur. al concern without placing unnecessary Statistics tell us more of our citizens are As an additional procedure along burdens upon the States. I commend Mr. killed or injured each year by drunken with the computerization of this infor­ OBERSTAR, chairperson of the Subcommit­ drivers than were killed in Vietnam or mation, the Office of the Senate Daily tee on Investigation and Oversight, for re­ Korea. According to the Presidential Com­ Digest will prepare this information questing a GAO assessment of the effects of mission on Drunk Driving's Final Report, for printing in the Extensions of Re­ the minimum drinking age laws. Congress almost 50 percent of all highway deaths in­ marks section of the CONGRESSIONAL should utilize this study for initiating volve the irresponsible use of alcohol. Over RECORD on Monday and Wednesday of future policy on this issue, not the continu­ the past 10 years, 250,000 Americans have each week. ing resolution. lost their lives in alcohol-related accidents. Any changes in committee schedul­ Conservative estimates, the . report says, ing will be indicated by placement of place the annual economic loss at $21 bil­ an asterisk to the left of the name of TRIBUTE TO TOMMY the unit conducting such meetings. WEINBRENNER lion, while others run as high as $24 bil­ lion. And these figures say nothing about Meetings scheduled for Tuesday, De­ cember 17, 1985, may be found in the SPEECH OF the loss of human life. As a cosponsor of this legislation, I have Daily Digest of today's RECORD. HON. RALPH REGULA taken the opportunity to discuss the prob­ OF OHIO lem with law enforcement officials in my MEETINGS SCHEDULED IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Idaho district. Each of them have pointed DECEMBER 18 Wednesday, December 11, 1985 to sobering statistics which show the loss of life attributed to drunken driving. Like 10:00 a.m. Foreign Relations Mr. REGULA. Mr. Speaker, Tommy others throughout the Nation, residents of Weinbrenner is the epitome of a dedicated To hold hearings on issues relating to the Second District of Idaho are demand­ the preparation for the February 1986 public servant. ing that solutions be found to the problem Philippine Presidential election. He is always well informed on the issues of drunken and drugged driving. SD-419 and generous in sharing his expert knowl­ Clearly we must take every opportunity edge with each of us. to help solve the problem of drunken driv­ DECEMBER 19 He is pleasant and unflappable in re­ ing. I believe the implementation of many 9:30 a.m. sponding to dozens of daily inquiries on of the recommendations of the Presidential Labor and Human Resources procedure, substance, and educated guesses Commission on Drunk Driving would help. Aging Subcommittee To hold hearings to examine the partici­ on adjournment time. These recommendations include stiffer con­ Members of both parties cherish Tommy pation of older workers in the Job sequences for persons convicted of driving Training Partnership Act