King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table
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How Geoffrey of Monmouth Influenced the Story of King Arthur
Western Oregon University Digital Commons@WOU Student Theses, Papers and Projects (History) Department of History 6-10-2019 The Creation of a King: How Geoffrey of Monmouth Influenced the Story of King Arthur Marcos Morales II [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.wou.edu/his Part of the Cultural History Commons, Medieval History Commons, and the Medieval Studies Commons Recommended Citation Morales II, Marcos, "The Creation of a King: How Geoffrey of Monmouth Influenced the Story of King Arthur" (2019). Student Theses, Papers and Projects (History). 276. https://digitalcommons.wou.edu/his/276 This Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of History at Digital Commons@WOU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Student Theses, Papers and Projects (History) by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@WOU. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. The Creation of a King: How Geoffrey of Monmouth Influenced the Story of King Arthur. By: Marcos Morales II Senior Seminar: HST 499 Professor David Doellinger Western Oregon University June 05, 2019 Readers Professor Elizabeth Swedo Professor Bau Hwa Hsieh Copyright © Marcos Morales II Arthur, with a single division in which he had posted six thousand, six hundred, and sixty-six men, charged at the squadron where he knew Mordred was. They hacked a way through with their swords and Arthur continued to advance, inflicting terrible slaughter as he went. It was at this point that the accursed traitor was killed and many thousands of his men with him.1 With the inclusion of this feat between King Arthur and his enemies, Geoffrey of Monmouth shows Arthur as a mighty warrior, one who stops at nothing to defeat his foes. -
Actions Héroïques
Shadows over Camelot FAQ 1.0 Oct 12, 2005 The following FAQ lists some of the most frequently asked questions surrounding the Shadows over Camelot boardgame. This list will be revised and expanded by the Authors as required. Many of the points below are simply a repetition of some easily overlooked rules, while a few others offer clarifications or provide a definitive interpretation of rules. For your convenience, they have been regrouped and classified by general subject. I. The Heroic Actions A Knight may only do multiple actions during his turn if each of these actions is of a DIFFERENT nature. For memory, the 5 possible action types are: A. Moving to a new place B. Performing a Quest-specific action C. Playing a Special White card D. Healing yourself E. Accusing another Knight of being the Traitor. Example: It is Sir Tristan's turn, and he is on the Black Knight Quest. He plays the last Fight card required to end the Quest (action of type B). He thus automatically returns to Camelot at no cost. This move does not count as an action, since it was automatically triggered by the completion of the Quest. Once in Camelot, Tristan will neither be able to draw White cards nor fight the Siege Engines, if he chooses to perform a second Heroic Action. This is because this would be a second Quest-specific (Action of type B) action! On the other hand, he could immediately move to another new Quest (because he hasn't chosen a Move action (Action of type A.) yet. -
King Arthur and Medieval Knights
Renata Jawniak KING ARTHUR AND MEDIEVAL KNIGHTS 1. Uwagi ogólne Zestaw materiałów opatrzony wspólnym tytułem King Arthur and Medieval Knights jest adresowany do studentów uzupełniających studiów magisterskich na kierun- kach humanistycznych. Przedstawione ćwiczenia mogą być wykorzystane do pracy z grupami studentów filologii, kulturoznawstwa, historii i innych kierunków hu- manistycznych jako materiał przedstawiający kulturę Wielkiej Brytanii. 2. Poziom zaawansowania: B2+/C1 3. Czas trwania opisanych ćwiczeń Ćwiczenia zaprezentowane w tym artykule są przeznaczone na trzy lub cztery jednostki lekcyjne po 90 minut każda. Czas trwania został ustalony na podstawie doświadcze- nia wynikającego z pracy nad poniższymi ćwiczeniami w grupach na poziomie B2+. 4. Cele dydaktyczne W swoim założeniu zajęcia mają rozwijać podstawowe umiejętności językowe, takie jak czytanie, mówienie, słuchanie oraz pisanie. Przy układaniu poszczegól- nych ćwiczeń miałam również na uwadze poszerzanie zasobu słownictwa, dlatego przy tekstach zostały umieszczone krótkie słowniczki, ćwiczenia na odnajdywa- nie słów w tekście oraz związki wyrazowe. Kolejnym celem jest cel poznawczy, czyli poszerzenie wiedzy studentów na temat postaci króla Artura, jego legendy oraz średniowiecznego rycerstwa. 5. Uwagi i sugestie Materiały King Arthur and Medieval Knights obejmują pięć tekstów tematycznych z ćwiczeniami oraz dwie audycje z ćwiczeniami na rozwijanie umiejętności słucha- nia. Przewidziane są tu zadania na interakcję student–nauczyciel, student–student oraz na pracę indywidualną. Ćwiczenia w zależności od poziomu grupy, stopnia 182 IV. O HISTORII I KULTURZE zaangażowania studentów w zajęcia i kierunku mogą być odpowiednio zmodyfiko- wane. Teksty tu zamieszczone możemy czytać i omawiać na zajęciach (zwłaszcza z grupami mniej zaawansowanymi językowo, tak by studenci się nie zniechęcili stopniem trudności) lub część przedstawionych ćwiczeń zadać jako pracę domo- wą, jeżeli nie chcemy poświęcać zbyt dużo czasu na zajęciach. -
Eric Auerbach Thinks Yvain Is Romance, but He's Lion
Eric Auerbach Thinks Yvain is Romance, But He’s Lion David Perretta ‘14 Chrétien de Troyes was a 12th century poet best known for his five Arthurian knight tales: Erec and Enide, Cligés, The Knight of the Cart (Lancelot), The Story of the Grail (Perceval), and The Knight with the Lion (Yvain). Traditionally, these stories are classified as medieval romance literature as they are mostly considered with chivalry, knightly duty, and courtly love. Yvain is concerned with its titular character, Yvain, as he defeats Esclados, marries his wife, takes over his kingdom, is exiled, and must ultimately regain his stature. In 1946, Erich Auerbach’s literary criticism Mimesis: The Representation of Reality in Western Literature was published. Auerbach’s work attempts to bridge two representations of reality in western literature: One from the Hellenic world, as seen in Homer’s Odyssey, with the worldview presented in the Bible. In chapter six, he uses Chrétien’s Yvain in order to define the romance genre. This essay is concerned with the holes presented in Auerbach’s definition of romance as a genre separate from epic. It points out that, by his definition, Yvain should be classified as epic rather than romance. Furthermore, its goal is to point out an underlying commonality between many epics, which have traditionally been a genre slightly too slippery to properly define. The hope is that this new definition of epic could be applied to the works of Homer, Vergil, and other classical authors. When Chrétien de Troyes began the story of Erec and Enide with boasts not only of his storytelling abilities, but the immortality of his works, he could not have foreseen the development of modern printers and the Internet – two innovations that have allowed for the proliferation of his narratives as well as the expansion of the scholarly debates surrounding them. -
LLT 180 Lecture 21 Part 1 Laudine Is Hoodwinked, Tricked Into Taking Him
LLT 180 Lecture 21 Part 1 Laudine is hoodwinked, tricked into taking him back. A fairly unsatisfactory conclusion since women usually do the tricking and not men. But I guess it's Lunete who's really doing the tricking, so that's kind of in keeping. Again, we're gonna have a test on Monday. First things first, though. Let's get through the rest of this. And sequentially, as far as use of time in here, we've been doing pretty well in our class meetings. It seems when we come up to the tests, though, we always seem to run a little short. We'll see how we do today. Again, we pick up on page 343 to the end, and so we don't have a lot to do. And the important fact here is that he is now being known as the Knight with the Lion as opposed to Yvain, and this is gonna facilitate Laudine taking him back later because she doesn't know who he is. Nor does Gawain, nor does anybody. So it's important, as far as the plot goes on here, that he is not identified. The only person who knows who he is is Lunete, again the person carrying the action forward. Now, the lion has been his big helper and the lion has come to his rescue, but the lion is in bad, bad shape now. And so he's carrying the lion. Again, I guess, Yvain is a major stud. He's been pumping iron, using that bow machine they sell on TV, and is just all pumped up like Arnold. -
The Early Arthur: History and Myth
1 RONALD HUTTON The early Arthur: history and myth For anybody concerned with the origins of the Arthurian legend, one literary work should represent the point of embarkation: the Historia Brittonum or History of the British . It is both the earliest clearly dated text to refer to Arthur, and the one upon which most efforts to locate and identify a histor- ical fi gure behind the name have been based. From it, three different routes of enquiry proceed, which may be characterised as the textual, the folkloric and the archaeological, and each of these will now be followed in turn. The Arthur of literature Any pursuit of Arthur through written texts needs to begin with the Historia itself; and thanks primarily to the researches of David Dumville and Nicholas Higham, we now know more or less exactly when and why it was produced in its present form. It was completed in Gwynedd, the north-western king- dom of Wales, at the behest of its monarch, Merfyn, during the year 830. Merfyn was no ordinary Welsh ruler of the age, but an able and ruthless newcomer, an adventurer who had just planted himself and his dynasty on the throne of Gwynedd, and had ambitions to lead all the Welsh. As such, he sponsored something that nobody had apparently written before: a com- plete history of the Welsh people. To suit Merfyn’s ambitions for them, and for himself, it represented the Welsh as the natural and rightful owners of all Britain: pious, warlike and gallant folk who had lost control of most of their land to the invading English, because of a mixture of treachery and overwhelming numbers on the part of the invaders. -
Direct Discourse and Female Archetypes in Chrétien De Troyes's Romances
University of Central Florida STARS Honors Undergraduate Theses UCF Theses and Dissertations 2019 Direct Discourse and Female Archetypes in Chrétien de Troyes's Romances Raquelle A. Crotty University of Central Florida Part of the French and Francophone Literature Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/honorstheses University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the UCF Theses and Dissertations at STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Undergraduate Theses by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Crotty, Raquelle A., "Direct Discourse and Female Archetypes in Chrétien de Troyes's Romances" (2019). Honors Undergraduate Theses. 569. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/honorstheses/569 DIRECT DISCOURSE AND FEMALE ARCHETYPES IN CHRÉTIEN DE TROYES’S ROMANCES by RAQUELLE ARACELI CROTTY A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Honors in the Major Program in French in the College of Arts and Humanities and in the Burnett Honors College at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Summer Term 2019 Thesis Chair: Dr. Geri Smith ABSTRACT The purpose of this thesis is to examine the role of the female messenger archetype in Chrétien de Troyes’s romances within the context of the rising courtly literature written in France throughout the early twelfth century. The romances by Chrétien that will serve as cases in point for this thesis are Érec et Énide, Lancelot, and Yvain. I analyze the various courtly ladies of the lower nobility to whom Chrétien attributes direct discourse and study how their verbal influence over the plot and the extent to which they are directly involved in the action of that plot correlate to one another. -
Introduction: the Legend of King Arthur
Department of History University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire “HIC FACET ARTHURUS, REX QUONDAM, REXQUE FUTURUS” THE ANALYSIS OF ORIGINAL MEDIEVAL SOURCES IN THE SEARCH FOR THE HISTORICAL KING ARTHUR Final Paper History 489: Research Seminar Professor Thomas Miller Cooperating Professor: Professor Matthew Waters By Erin Pevan November 21, 2006 1 Copyright for this work is owned by the author. This digital version is published by McIntyre Library, University of Wisconsin – Eau Claire with the consent of the author. 2 Department of History University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire Abstract of: “HIC FACET ARTHURUS, REX QUONDAM, REXQUE FUTURUS” THE ANALYSIS OF ORIGINAL MEDIEVAL SOURCES IN THE SEARCH FOR THE HISTORICAL KING ARTHUR Final Paper History 489: Research Seminar Professor Thomas Miller Cooperating Professor: Matthew Waters By Erin Pevan November 21, 2006 The stories of Arthurian literary tradition have provided our modern age with gripping tales of chivalry, adventure, and betrayal. King Arthur remains a hero of legend in the annals of the British Isles. However, one question remains: did King Arthur actually exist? Early medieval historical sources provide clues that have identified various figures that may have been the template for King Arthur. Such candidates such as the second century Roman general Lucius Artorius Castus, the fifth century Breton leader Riothamus, and the sixth century British leader Ambrosius Aurelianus hold high esteem as possible candidates for the historical King Arthur. Through the analysis of original sources and authors such as the Easter Annals, Nennius, Bede, Gildas, and the Annales Cambriae, parallels can be established which connect these historical figures to aspects of the Arthur of literary tradition. -
Celtic Folklore Welsh and Manx
CELTIC FOLKLORE WELSH AND MANX BY JOHN RHYS, M.A., D.LITT. HON. LL.D. OF THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH PROFESSOR OF CELTIC PRINCIPAL OF JESUS COLLEGE, OXFORD VOLUME II OXFORD CLARENDON PRESS 1901 Page 1 Chapter VII TRIUMPHS OF THE WATER-WORLD Une des légendes les plus répandues en Bretagne est celle d’une prétendue ville d’ls, qui, à une époque inconnue, aurait été engloutie par la mer. On montre, à divers endroits de la côte, l’emplacement de cette cité fabuleuse, et les pecheurs vous en font d’étranges récits. Les jours de tempéte, assurent-ils, on voit, dans les creux des vagues, le sommet des fléches de ses églises; les jours de calme, on entend monter de l’abime Ie son de ses cloches, modulant l’hymne du jour.—RENAN. MORE than once in the last chapter was the subject of submersions and cataclysms brought before the reader, and it may be convenient to enumerate here the most remarkable cases, and to add one or two to their number, as well as to dwell at some- what greater length on some instances which may be said to have found their way into Welsh literature. He has already been told of the outburst of the Glasfryn Lake and Ffynnon Gywer, of Llyn Llech Owen and the Crymlyn, also of the drowning of Cantre’r Gwaelod; not to mention that one of my informants had something to say of the sub- mergence of Caer Arianrhod, a rock now visible only at low water between Celynnog Fawr and Dinas Dintte, on the coast of Arfon. -
A Welsh Classical Dictionary
A WELSH CLASSICAL DICTIONARY DACHUN, saint of Bodmin. See s.n. Credan. He has been wrongly identified with an Irish saint Dagan in LBS II.281, 285. G.H.Doble seems to have been misled in the same way (The Saints of Cornwall, IV. 156). DAGAN or DANOG, abbot of Llancarfan. He appears as Danoc in one of the ‘Llancarfan Charters’ appended to the Life of St.Cadog (§62 in VSB p.130). Here he is a clerical witness with Sulien (presumably abbot) and king Morgan [ab Athrwys]. He appears as abbot of Llancarfan in five charters in the Book of Llandaf, where he is called Danoc abbas Carbani Uallis (BLD 179c), and Dagan(us) abbas Carbani Uallis (BLD 158, 175, 186b, 195). In these five charters he is contemporary with bishop Berthwyn and Ithel ap Morgan, king of Glywysing. He succeeded Sulien as abbot and was succeeded by Paul. See Trans.Cym., 1948 pp.291-2, (but ignore the dates), and compare Wendy Davies, LlCh p.55 where Danog and Dagan are distinguished. Wendy Davies dates the BLD charters c.A.D.722 to 740 (ibid., pp.102 - 114). DALLDAF ail CUNIN COF. (Legendary). He is included in the tale of ‘Culhwch and Olwen’ as one of the warriors of Arthur's Court: Dalldaf eil Kimin Cof (WM 460, RM 106). In a triad (TYP no.73) he is called Dalldaf eil Cunyn Cof, one of the ‘Three Peers’ of Arthur's Court. In another triad (TYP no.41) we are told that Fferlas (Grey Fetlock), the horse of Dalldaf eil Cunin Cof, was one of the ‘Three Lovers' Horses’ (or perhaps ‘Beloved Horses’). -
Yvain-Corpus
‘Cuer me rendés…’ THE EMOTIONAL INVOLVEMENT OF THE CONTEMPORARY AUDIENCE IN THE YVAIN-CORPUS Master thesis RMA Medieval Studies by Chloé Vondenhoff Utrecht University, 08-02-2013 Student number: 3168662 Supervisor, first reader: Dr. F.P.C. Brandsma Second reader: Dr. A. Auer Word count: 35263 2 Table of Contents 1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 3 1.1 EMOTION RESEARCH ....................................................................................................... 5 1.2 RESEARCH QUESTION .................................................................................................... 12 2 METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................... 14 2.1 APPROACH .................................................................................................................... 14 2.2 METHODOLOGICAL COMMENTS .................................................................................... 16 2.3 YVAIN–CORPUS ............................................................................................................ 23 3 EPISODE I: THE PRELUDE ......................................................................................... 40 3.1 PROLOGUE .................................................................................................................... 40 3.2 CALOGRENANT’S TALE ................................................................................................ -
Chwedlau'r Oesau Canol | Prifysgol Bangor University
10/01/21 Chwedlau'r Oesau Canol | Prifysgol Bangor University Chwedlau'r Oesau Canol View Online A.H. Diverres, ‘Iarlles Y Ffynnawn and Le Chevalier Au Lion: Adaptation or Common Source?’, Studia Celtica, 16/17 (1981), 144–62 Bobi Jones, ‘Y Rhamantau Cymraeg A’u Cysylltiad â'r Rhamantau Ffrangeg’, Llên Cymru, 4 (1956), 208–27 Bowen, Geraint, ‘Dwy Chwedl a Thair Rhamant’, in Y Traddodiad Rhyddiaith Yn Yr Oesau Canol: (darlithiau Dewi Sant), pp. 143–75 Breudwyt Maxen Wledic (Dublin: School of Celtic Studies, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 2005) Bromwich, Rachel, Trioedd Ynys Prydein: The Triads of the Island of Britain, 3rd ed (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2006) <https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.bangor.ac.uk/stable/j.ctt9qhf8w> Bromwich, Rachel, and D. Simon Evans, Culhwch and Olwen: An Edition and Study of the Oldest Arthurian Tale (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1992) Bromwich, Rachel, Jarman, A. O. H., and Roberts, Brynley F., The Arthur of the Welsh: The Arthurian Legend in Medieval Welsh Literature (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1991) Brynley F. Roberts, ‘Owein Neu Iarlles Y Ffynnon’, in Ysgrifau Beirniadol, ed. by J.E. Caerwyn Williams, 1977, x, 124–43 Brynley, F Roberts, ‘Peredur Son of Efrawg’, in Perceval =: Parzival : A Casebook, 2002, pp. 105–18 ———, ‘The Idea of a Welsh Romance’, in Studies on Middle Welsh Literature, 1992, pp. 132–46 ———, ‘Ystoria’, The Bulletin of the Board of Celtic Studies, 26 (1974) Mac Cana, Proinsias, Branwen, Daughter of Llyr: A Study of the Irish Affinities and of the Composition