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BURSA İLİ KARACABEY Ve MUSTAFAKEMALPAŞA İLÇELERİ ÖRÜMCEK (ARACHNIDA, ARANEAE) FAUNASININ BELİRLENMESİ

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BURSA İLİ KARACABEY Ve MUSTAFAKEMALPAŞA İLÇELERİ ÖRÜMCEK (ARACHNIDA, ARANEAE) FAUNASININ BELİRLENMESİ BURSA İLİ KARACABEY ve MUSTAFAKEMALPAŞA İLÇELERİ ÖRÜMCEK (ARACHNIDA, ARANEAE) FAUNASININ BELİRLENMESİ Hatice Burcu ERGENE T.C. BURSA ULUDAĞ ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ BURSA İLİ KARACABEY ve MUSTAFAKEMALPAŞA İLÇELERİ ÖRÜMCEK (ARACHNIDA, ARANEAE) FAUNASININ BELİRLENMESİ Hatice Burcu ERGENE Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Rahşen S. KAYA (Danışman) YÜKSEK LİSANS BİYOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI BURSA – 2019 U.Ü. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, tez yazım kurallarına uygun olarak hazırladığım bu tez çalışmasında; tez içindeki bütün bilgi ve belgeleri akademik kurallar çerçevesinde elde ettiğimi, görsel, işitsel ve yazılı tüm bilgi ve sonuçları bilimsel ahlak kurallarına uygun olarak sunduğumu, başkalarının eserlerinden yararlanılması durumunda ilgili eserlere bilimsel normlara uygun olarak atıfta bulunduğumu, atıfta bulunduğum eserlerin tümünü kaynak olarak gösterdiğimi, kullanılan verilerde herhangi bir tahrifat yapmadığımı, ve bu tezin herhangi bir bölümünü bu üniversite veya başka bir üniversitede başka bir tez çalışması olarak sunmadığımı beyan ederim. 24/06/2019 Hatice Burcu ERGENE ÖZET Yüksek Lisans Tezi BURSA İLİ KARACABEY ve MUSTAFAKEMALPAŞA İLÇELERİ ÖRÜMCEK (ARACHNIDA, ARANEAE) FAUNASININ BELİRLENMESİ Hatice Burcu ERGENE Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı Danışman: Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Rahşen S. KAYA Bu çalışmada Bursa ili Karacabey ve Mustafakemalpaşa ilçeleri örümcek faunasının belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Araştırma alanında 2016-2018 yılları arasında 55 lokalitede yapılan arazi çalışmalarında 4340 birey (1113♀♀, 661♂♂, 2566 jüvenil) örümcek örneği toplanmıştır. Ayrıca araştırma alanından önceki yıllarda toplanmış ve Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Araknoloji Laboratuvarında muhafaza edilen 1967 birey de (721♀♀, 468♂♂, 778 jüvenil) çalışmaya dâhil edilerek tez çalışması kapsamında toplam 6307 adet örümcek örneği (1834♀♀, 1129♂♂, 3344 jüvenil) incelenerek teşhisleri yapılmıştır. Çalışmada 39 familyaya ait 183 cins içerisinde 317 tür tespit edilmiştir. Bunlar arasında 27 tür ülkemiz örümcek faunası için yeni kayıttır. Bunlar; Amaurobius strandi Charitonov, 1937; Brigittea vicina (Simon, 1873); Cheiracanthium virescens (Sundevall, 1833); Pritha parva Legittimo, Simeon, Di Pompeo ve Kulczycki, 2017; Zelotes babunaensis (Drensky, 1929), Zelotes balcanicus Deltshev, 2006; Pardosa cribrata Simon, 1876, Pardosa vittata (Keyserling, 1863), Agyneta affinis (Kulczyński, 1898), Canariphantes sp., Gonatium rubens (Blackwall, 1833); Maso gallicus Simon, 1894; Lepthyphantes corfuensis Wunderlich, 1995; Dactylopisthes sp.; Gonatium nemorivagum (O. P.-Cambridge, 1875); Oecobius navus Blackwall, 1859; Pulchellodromus ruficapillus (Simon, 1885); Philodromus dispar Walckenaer, 1826; Philodromus praedatus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871; Philodromus laricium Simon, 1875; Phrurolithus nigrinus (Simon, 1878); Phrurolithus thracia Komnenov ve Chatzaki, 2016; Anelosimus pulchellus (Walckenaer, 1802), Enoplognatha penelope Hippa ve Oksala, 1982; Euryopis sexalbomaculata (Lucas, 1846); Cetonana laticeps (Canestrini, 1868) ve Tetragnatha shoshone Levi, 1981’dir. Çalışmada Salticidae (49 tür), Gnaphosidae (36 tür), Theridiidae (36 tür), Linyphiidae (33 tür), Lycosidae (24 tür) ve Thomisidae (22 tür) en fazla tür çeşitliliği ile temsil edilirken alanda zoocoğrafik açıdan Palearktik türlerin baskın olduğu belirlenmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Örümcek, Araneae, Fauna, Sistematik, Bursa 2019, xiii + 312 sayfa. i ABSTRACT MSc Thesis THE SPIDER (ARACHNIDA, ARANEAE) FAUNA OF KARACABEY and MUSTAFAKEMALPAŞA DISTRICTS OF BURSA PROVINCE Hatice Burcu ERGENE Bursa Uludag University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Biology Supervisor: Dr. Rahşen S. KAYA In this study, it was aimed to determine the spider fauna of Karacabey and Mustafakemalpaşa districts of Bursa province. A total of 4340 spider specimens (1113♀♀, 661♂♂, 2566 juveniles) were collected in the field studies conducted in 55 localities between the years 2016-2018. In addition, 1967 specimens (721♀♀, 468♂♂, 778 jüveniles) that collected in the previous years and were kept in the Arachnology Laboratory of Bursa Uludag University were also included in the study and a total of 6307 spider samples (1834♀♀, 1129♂♂, 3344 jüveniles) were examined and diagnosed. As a result, 317 species were found in 183 genera belonging to 39 families. Among them, 27 spider species are new records for the spider fauna of Turkey. These are: Amaurobius strandi Charitonov, 1937; Brigittea vicina (Simon, 1873); Cheiracanthium virescens (Sundevall, 1833); Pritha parva Legittimo, Simeon, Di Pompeo ve Kulczycki, 2017; Zelotes babunaensis (Drensky, 1929), Zelotes balcanicus Deltshev, 2006; Pardosa cribrata Simon, 1876, Pardosa vittata (Keyserling, 1863), Agyneta affinis (Kulczyński, 1898), Canariphantes sp., Gonatium rubens (Blackwall, 1833); Maso gallicus Simon, 1894; Lepthyphantes corfuensis Wunderlich, 1995; Dactylopisthes sp.; Gonatium nemorivagum (O. P.-Cambridge, 1875); Oecobius navus Blackwall, 1859; Pulchellodromus ruficapillus (Simon, 1885); Philodromus dispar Walckenaer, 1826; Philodromus praedatus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871; Philodromus laricium Simon, 1875; Phrurolithus nigrinus (Simon, 1878); Phrurolithus thracia Komnenov ve Chatzaki, 2016; Anelosimus pulchellus (Walckenaer, 1802), Enoplognatha penelope Hippa ve Oksala, 1982; Euryopis sexalbomaculata (Lucas, 1846); Cetonana laticeps (Canestrini, 1868) and Tetragnatha shoshone Levi, 1981. The families Salticidae (49 species), Gnaphosidae (36 species), Theridiidae (36 species), Linyphiidae (33 species), Lycosidae (24 species) and Thomisidae (22 species) were represented with the highest species diversity and from the zoogeographically viewpoint the Palaearctic species are dominant in the study area. Key words: Spider, Araneae, fauna, systematics, Bursa Province 2019, xiii + 312 pages. ii TEŞEKKÜR Örümceklerin ilgi çekici dünyası ile beni tanıştıran, çalışmalarıma sabır ve özveriyle destek sağlayan, bu araştırmanın hazırlanmasında ve tüm süreçlerinde her türlü maddi ve manevi yardım ve desteklerini gördüğüm, değerli danışman hocam Sayın Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Rahşen S. KAYA’ya en içten teşekkür ve saygılarımı sunarım. Bilgi ve deneyimleri ile her koşulda daima yanımda olan, arazi çalışmaları sürecinde her türlü desteği hiçbir zaman esirgemeyen sevgili hocam Sayın Doç. Dr. Ersen Aydın YAĞMUR’a en içten teşekkür ve saygılarımı sunarım. Yaptığı kıymetli önerileriyle araştırma sürecimde desteklerini esirgemeyen ve her zaman hayallerimden vazgeçmememi söyleyip bilimin ışığında yolumu aydınlatan, bana yol gösteren ve örümcekleri karasal ekosistemlerin en saygın hayvanları olarak betimleyen sevgili hocam emekli öğretim üyesi Sayın Prof. Dr. Muhlis ÖZKAN’a teşekkürlerimi ve saygılarımı sunarım. Dysderidae ve Zodaridae Familyalarının teşhisleri ve fotoğraflarının çekilmesinde yardımlarını esirgemeyen Sayın Kadir Boğaç KUNT’a teşekkürlerimi ve saygılarımı sunarım. Arazi çalışmalarında ve Linyphiidae ile bazı familyaların teşhis çalışmalarında yardımlarını esirgemeyip bana destek olan çalışma arkadaşım Gökhan GÜNDÜZ’e teşekkür ederim. Tezimin yazım aşamasında özellikle fotoğrafların düzenlenmesi sırasında desteklerini ve yardımlarını gördüğüm, bu aşamada ve bundan sonraki aşamalarda her daim varlığını üzerimden esirgemeyen motivasyon kaynağım eşim Mahmut ERGENE’ye sonsuz teşekkür ederim. Eğitim hayatım boyunca, arazi çalışmalarım sırasında maddi ve manevi her türlü desteklerini esirgemeyen Babam’a ve bana her daim güç veren Annem’e hayatımın her döneminde yanımda olup, cesaret verdiğiniz için teşekkür ederim. Hatice Burcu ERGENE 24/062019 iii İÇİNDEKİLER Sayfa ÖZET ............................................................................................................................ i ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................. ii TEŞEKKÜR…… ........................................................................ …………………….iii ŞEKİLLER DİZİNİ ...................................................................................................... v ÇİZELGELER DİZİNİ .............................................................................................. viii 1. GİRİŞ…… ................................................................................................................ 1 2. KAYNAK ARAŞTIRMASI ...................................................................................... 4 3. MATERYAL VE YÖNTEM……………………………………….……….……….32 3.1 Materyal…………...………………………………………………………………..32 3.2 Yöntem……..…………………………………………………………………........38 4. BULGULAR…. ...................................................................................................... 61 5. TARTIŞMA ve SONUÇ…………………………………………………………...215 KAYNAKLAR ......................................................................................................... 219 EKLER ..................................................................................................................... 233 EK 1. Agelena labyrinthica. a. Erkek, genel görünüş. b-c. Erkek, Pedipalp……………………………………………………………………….233 EK 2. Allagelena gracilens. a. Dişi, genel görünüş. b. Dişi, Epijin. c-d. Erkek, Pedipalp..............................................………………………………………...233 EK 3. Maimuna vestita. a. Dişi, genel görünüş. b. Dişi, Epijin. c-d. Erkek, Pedipalp.............................................................................................................233 EK 4. Tegenaria dalmatica. a. Erkek, Genel görünüş. b-c. Erkek, Pedipalp…..…………………………………………………………………...234
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