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KEY WORDS: Maritime Cultural Heritage; Israel's Seas
MANAGEMENT OF THE UNDERWATER AND COASTAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL HERITAGE IN ISRAEL’S SEAS (I) GESTIÓN DEL PATRIMONIO ARQUEOLÓGICO SUBACUÁTICO Y COSTERO EN LOS MARES DE ISRAEL (I) EHUD GALILI1 - SARAH ARENSON2 [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT The Maritime cultural heritage of Israel reflects important chapters in the history of humanity, including the Neolithic revolution and the beginning of agriculture, the emergence of the first empires and the foundation of the three monotheistic religions. Erosion due to sea level rise and human activity is destroying important coastal and underwater archaeological sites. Low levels in the Sea of Galilee and the Dead Sea exposed many archaeological remains, which are threatened by erosion, treasure hunting and coastal development. Without intensive rescue and protection activities, the valuable cultural maritime heritage will vanish within a few decades. Legal and operational tools are currently 151 applied in order to assure integrated coastal zone management, to control coastal development and to protect the marine cultural resources. Among these are the Antiquities Law, the Planning and Building Law, the Nature and Parks Law and the Law for the Protection of the Coastal Environment. Coastal and underwater sites are mapped and monitored, protected coastal and underwater sites are declared and rescue surveys are carried out in the endangered sites. A national risk assessment document of the coastal and underwater heritage and detailed preservation and protection plans have been prepared. Pilot projects for protecting and preserving the sea walls of Ashkelon, Apollonia and Akko were completed and several damaged harbors in the Sea of Galilee were reconstructed. -
Session of the Zionist General Council
SESSION OF THE ZIONIST GENERAL COUNCIL THIRD SESSION AFTER THE 26TH ZIONIST CONGRESS JERUSALEM JANUARY 8-15, 1967 Addresses,; Debates, Resolutions Published by the ORGANIZATION DEPARTMENT OF THE ZIONIST EXECUTIVE JERUSALEM AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE n Library י»B I 3 u s t SESSION OF THE ZIONIST GENERAL COUNCIL THIRD SESSION AFTER THE 26TH ZIONIST CONGRESS JERUSALEM JANUARY 8-15, 1966 Addresses, Debates, Resolutions Published by the ORGANIZATION DEPARTMENT OF THE ZIONIST EXECUTIVE JERUSALEM iii THE THIRD SESSION of the Zionist General Council after the Twenty-sixth Zionist Congress was held in Jerusalem on 8-15 January, 1967. The inaugural meeting was held in the Binyanei Ha'umah in the presence of the President of the State and Mrs. Shazar, the Prime Minister, the Speaker of the Knesset, Cabinet Ministers, the Chief Justice, Judges of the Supreme Court, the State Comptroller, visitors from abroad, public dignitaries and a large and representative gathering which filled the entire hall. The meeting was opened by Mr. Jacob Tsur, Chair- man of the Zionist General Council, who paid homage to Israel's Nobel Prize Laureate, the writer S.Y, Agnon, and read the message Mr. Agnon had sent to the gathering. Mr. Tsur also congratulated the poetess and writer, Nellie Zaks. The speaker then went on to discuss the gravity of the time for both the State of Israel and the Zionist Move- ment, and called upon citizens in this country and Zionists throughout the world to stand shoulder to shoulder to over- come the crisis. Professor Andre Chouraqui, Deputy Mayor of the City of Jerusalem, welcomed the delegates on behalf of the City. -
Rocument RESUME ED 045 767 UD 011 084 Education in Israel3
rOCUMENT RESUME ED 045 767 UD 011 084 TITLE Education in Israel3 Report of the Select Subcommittee on Education... Ninety-First Congress, Second Session. INSTITUTION Congress of the U.S., Washington, E.C. House Ccmmittee on Education and Labcr. PUB DATE Aug 70 NOTE 237p. EDRS PRICE EDRS Price MP-$1.00 BC-$11.95 DESCRIPTORS Acculturation, Educational Needs, Educational Opportunities, *Educational Problems, *Educational Programs, Educational Resources, Ethnic Groups, *Ethnic Relations, Ncn Western Civilization, Research and Development Centers, *Research Projects IDENTIFIERS Committee On Education And Labor, Hebrew University, *Israel, Tel Aviv University ABSTRACT This Congressional Subcommittee report on education in Israel begins with a brief narrative of impressions on preschool programs, kibbutz, vocational programs, and compensatory programs. Although the members of the subcommittee do not want to make definitive judgments on the applicability of education in Israel to American needs, they are most favorably impressed by the great emphasis which the Israelis place on early childhood programs, vocational/technical education, and residential youth villages. The people of Israel are considered profoundly dedicated to the support of education at every level. The country works toward expansion of opportunities for education, based upon a belief that the educational system is the key to the resolution of major social problems. In the second part of the report, the detailed itinerary of the subcommittee is described with annotated comments about the places and persons visited. In the last part, appendixes describing in great depth characteristics of the Israeli education system (higher education in Israel, education and culture, and the kibbutz) are reprinted. (JW) [COMMITTEE PRINT] OF n. -
6-194E.Pdf(6493KB)
Samuel Neaman Eretz Israel from Inside and Out Samuel Neaman Reflections In this book, the author Samuel (Sam) Neaman illustrates a part of his life story that lasted over more that three decades during the 20th century - in Eretz Israel, France, Syria, in WWII battlefronts, in Great Britain,the U.S., Canada, Mexico and in South American states. This is a life story told by the person himself and is being read with bated breath, sometimes hard to believe but nevertheless utterly true. Neaman was born in 1913, but most of his life he spent outside the country and the state he was born in ERETZ and for which he fought and which he served faithfully for many years. Therefore, his point of view is from both outside and inside and apart from • the love he expresses towards the country, he also criticizes what is going ERETZ ISRAELFROMINSIDEANDOUT here. In Israel the author is well known for the reknowned Samuel Neaman ISRAEL Institute for Advanced Studies in Science and Technology which is located at the Technion in Haifa. This institute was established by Neaman and he was directly and personally involved in all its management until he passed away a few years ago. Samuel Neaman did much for Israel’s security and FROM as a token of appreciation, all IDF’s chiefs of staff have signed a a megila. Among the signers of the megila there were: Ig’al Yadin, Mordechai Mak- lef, Moshe Dayan, Haim Laskov, Zvi Zur, Izhak Rabin, Haim Bar-Lev, David INSIDE El’arar, and Mordechai Gur. -
Israel - Wikipedia Page 1 of 97
Israel - Wikipedia Page 1 of 97 Coordinates: 31°N 35°E Israel :Arabic ; �י �� �� �אל :Israel (/ˈɪzriəl, ˈɪzreɪəl/; Hebrew formally known as the State of Israel Israel ,( � � ��ا �يل (Hebrew) לארשי Medinat Yisra'el), is a �מ ��י �נת �י �� �� �אל :Hebrew) country in Western Asia, located on the (Arabic) ليئارسإ southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea. It has land borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan on the east, the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and Gaza Strip[20] to the east and west, respectively, and Egypt to the southwest. The country contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small Flag Emblem area.[21][22] Israel's economic and technological Anthem: "Hatikvah" (English: "The Hope") center is Tel Aviv,[23] while its seat of government and proclaimed capital is Jerusalem, although the state's sovereignty over Jerusalem has only partial recognition.[24][25][26][27][fn 4] Israel has evidence of the earliest migration of hominids out of Africa.[28] Canaanite tribes are archaeologically attested since the Middle Bronze Age,[29][30] while the Kingdoms of Israel and Judah emerged during the Iron Age.[31][32] The Neo-Assyrian Empire destroyed Israel around 720 BCE.[33] Judah was later conquered by the Babylonian, Persian and Hellenistic empires and had existed as Jewish autonomous provinces.[34][35] The successful Maccabean Revolt led to an independent Hasmonean kingdom by 110 BCE,[36] which in 63 BCE however became a client state of the Roman Republic that subsequently installed the Herodian dynasty in 37 BCE, and in 6 CE created the Roman province of Judea.[37] Judea lasted as a Roman province until the failed Jewish revolts resulted in widespread destruction,[36] the expulsion of the Jewish population[36][38] and the renaming of the region from Iudaea to Syria Palaestina.[39] Jewish presence in the region has persisted to a certain extent over the centuries. -
Introduction
Notes Introduction 1. The exact Hebrew name for this affair is the “Yemenite children Affair.” I use the word babies instead of children since at least two thirds of the kidnapped were in fact infants. 2. 1,053 complaints were submitted to all three commissions combined (1033 complaints of disappearances from camps and hospitals in Israel, and 20 from camp Hashed in Yemen). Rabbi Meshulam’s organization claimed to have information about 1,700 babies kidnapped prior to 1952 (450 of them from other Mizrahi ethnic groups) and about 4,500 babies kidnapped prior to 1956. These figures were neither discredited nor vali- dated by the last commission (Shoshi Zaid, The Child is Gone [Jerusalem: Geffen Books, 2001], 19–22). 3. During the immigrants’ stay in transit and absorption camps, the babies were taken to stone structures called baby houses. Mothers were allowed entry only a few times each day to nurse their babies. 4. See, for instance, the testimony of Naomi Gavra in Tzipi Talmor’s film Down a One Way Road (1997) and the testimony of Shoshana Farhi on the show Uvda (1996). 5. The transit camp Hashed in Yemen housed most of the immigrants before the flight to Israel. 6. This story is based on my interview with the Ovadiya family for a story I wrote for the newspaper Shishi in 1994 and a subsequent interview for the show Uvda in 1996. I should also note that this story as well as my aunt’s story does not represent the typical kidnapping scenario. 7. The Hebrew term “Sephardic” means “from Spain.” 8. -
Israeli Cows Are Taking Over the World
Israeli Cows are Taking Over the World Sara Toth Stub Israel’s high-tech expertise is being applied to milk and cheese. Dairy farmers from India to Italy are learning how to increase their yields by traveling to kibbutzim. And that’s no bull. On a recent hot afternoon, a group of farmers from around the world wandered through the cow barns at Kibbutz Afikim, an agricultural cooperative founded by Jewish immigrants from Russia in 1924. It was late June in the Jordan Valley; the temperature spiked at 90 degrees. But the delegation of farmers had just asked to leave an air-conditioned conference room and use their limited time to see the cow barns. Despite the high temperatures, the nearly 900 cows were calm, many lying in the mud that covers the floor of their barns, which are partly open to the outside and cooled by large fans. These barns at Afikim, and Israeli milk cows in general, are a growing attraction for visitors as Israel’s dairy industry has emerged as one of the most efficient and productive in the world. Despite limited rainfall and high summer temperatures, Israel has the highest national average of milk production per cow. And amid the fast-growing global demand for dairy products, especially in the developing world, there is increasing interest in how Israel gets so much milk out of each cow and the technology it uses to do so. “Happy cows give a lot of milk. People from around the world are coming here, and they see that it’s terribly hot, but that the cows are happy,” said Ofier Langer, a former executive at several Israeli high-tech companies who established the Israeli Dairy School six years ago. -
Return of Organization Exempt from Income
Return of Organization Exempt From Income Tax Form 990 Under section 501 (c), 527, or 4947( a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code (except black lung benefit trust or private foundation) 2005 Department of the Treasury Internal Revenue Service ► The o rganization may have to use a copy of this return to satisfy state re porting requirements. A For the 2005 calendar year , or tax year be and B Check If C Name of organization D Employer Identification number applicable Please use IRS change ta Qachange RICA IS RAEL CULTURAL FOUNDATION 13-1664048 E; a11gne ^ci See Number and street (or P 0. box if mail is not delivered to street address) Room/suite E Telephone number 0jretum specific 1 EAST 42ND STREET 1400 212-557-1600 Instruo retum uons City or town , state or country, and ZIP + 4 F nocounwro memos 0 Cash [X ,camel ded On° EW YORK , NY 10017 (sped ► [l^PP°ca"on pending • Section 501 (Il)c 3 organizations and 4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable trusts H and I are not applicable to section 527 organizations. must attach a completed Schedule A ( Form 990 or 990-EZ). H(a) Is this a group return for affiliates ? Yes OX No G Website : : / /AICF . WEBNET . ORG/ H(b) If 'Yes ,* enter number of affiliates' N/A J Organization type (deckonIyone) ► [ 501(c) ( 3 ) I (insert no ) ] 4947(a)(1) or L] 527 H(c) Are all affiliates included ? N/A Yes E__1 No Is(ITthis , attach a list) K Check here Q the organization' s gross receipts are normally not The 110- if more than $25 ,000 . -
Fish Exploitation at the Sea of Galilee (Israel) by Early Fisher
FISH EXPLOITATION AT THE SEA OF GALILEE (ISRAEL) BY EARLY FISHER- HUNTER-GATHERERS (23,000 B.P.): ECOLOGICAL, ECONOMICAL AND CULTURAL IMPLICATIONS THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY by Irit Zohar SUBMITTED TO THE SENATE OF TEL-AVIV UNIVERSITY November, 2003 FISH EXPLOITATION AT THE SEA OF GALILEE (ISRAEL) BY EARLY FISHER- HUNTER-GATHERERS (23,000 B.P.): ECOLOGICAL, ECONOMICAL AND CULTURAL IMPLICATIONS THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY by Irit Zohar SUBMITTED TO THE SENATE OF TEL-AVIV UNIVERSITY November, 2003 This work was carried out under the supervision of Prof. Tamar Dayan and Prof. Israel Hershkovitz Copyright © 2003 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND STATEMENT OF PURPOSE 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Cultural setting 2 1.3 Environmental setting 4 1.4 Outline of research objectives 5 CHAPTER 2: FISH TAPHONOMY 6 2.1 Introduction 6 2.2 Naturally deposited fish 7 2.3 Culturally deposited fish 9 CHAPTER 3: SITE SELECTION AND FIELD TECHNIQUES 11 3.1. The archaeological site of Ohalo-II 11 3.2. Fish natural accumulation 13 3.3 Ethnographic study of fish procurement methods 14 CHAPTER 4: METHODS 18 4.1 Recovery bias 18 4.2 Sampling bias 18 4.3 Identification of fish remains 19 4.4 Fish osteological characteristics 20 4.5 Quantification analysis 20 4.5.1 Taxonomic composition and diversity 21 4.5.2 Body part frequency 22 4.5.3 Survival index (SI) 22 4.5.4 Fragmentation index 23 4.5.5 WMI of fragmentation 24 4.5.6 Fish exploitation index 24 4.5.7 Bone modification 25 4.5.8 Bone spatial distribution 26 Page 4.5.9 Analytic calculations 26 4.6 Osteological measurements 29 4.6.1 Body mass estimation 29 4.6.2 Vertebrae diameter 31 CHAPTER 5: FISH REMAINS RECOVERED AT OHALO-II 32 5.1. -
Women's Quest for Occupational Equality: the Case of Agricultural
Rural History (1996) 7, 1, 33-52. Copyright © 1996 Cambridge University Press 33 Women's Quest For Occupational Equality: The Case Of Jewish Female Agricultural Workers in Pre-State Israel YOSSI KATZ and SHOSHANA NEUMAN I. Introduction There is a common belief that Israeli women have achieved gender equality over and above that attained in America and European countries. Evidence cited to support this is the fact that women routinely serve in the Israeli army and the country elected a woman, Golda Meir, as prime minister. Equality between men and women is claimed to date back to the days at the beginning of the century when both sexes worked shoulder to shoulder in road construction and land reclamation (Bernstein, 1992: 2). The years 1904—14 and 1919-23, known in Zionist history as the Second and Third Aliyah (waves of immigration), were indeed formative times during which the dominant values of the society were shaped and the infrastructure of future organizations was laid (Eisenstadt, 1967; Izraeli, 1981). The immigrants who arrived during this period, known as halutzim (male pioneers) and halutzot (female pioneers) were idealistic nationalists from Eastern Europe. They were young and single, and came with the express purpose of rebuilding Zion and creating a new type of egalitarian and labor-oriented society. These years also proved crucial for the status of women. A readiness for experimen- tation and social creativity existed, and the conditions for redefining traditional roles between the sexes were most favorable. Moreover, the Zionist halutzim were deeply committed to social equality. Women had been integrated in various groups and activities prior to their immigration, and this experience created expectations for gender equality after the move as well. -
Siti Biblici E Storici
Italian SITI BIBLICI E STORICI Per Visitatori Cristiani Un’esperienza che cambia LA TERRA SANTA la vita Israele … la Terra della Bibbia … Terra di Fede … “lo depose in una mangiatoia; perché non c’era posto venerata nel corso di tutta la storia documentata come per loro nell’albergo” (Luca 2:7). Gesù divenne adulto a Eretz HaKodesh, la “Terra Santa “. Per una persona Nazaret; visse e predicò fra le genti in Galilea, Samaria, credente la cui fede ha le radici nella Bibbia, non c’è Giudea e Gerusalemme, ottenendo riconoscimento nessun altro luogo sulla terra come la Terra Santa. In come insegnante, profeta, e taumaturgo. La sua vita e questa stretta striscia di terra si trova l’origine della fede i suoi insegnamenti hanno avuto influenza sulla vita di religiosa di gran parte dell’umanità. Qui, fra le aride milioni di persone in tutto il mondo, cambiando il corso alture e le fertili pianure, lo spirito umano ha imparato a della storia. In nessun altro luogo al mondo gli eventi elevarsi, e da qui è partito un nuovo messaggio diretto della vita di Gesù risultano vivi come in Israele, la Terra a tutto il mondo: “... e molte persone verranno, e Santa, dove hanno avuto luogo originariamente. diranno, Venite, saliamo al monte dell’ Eterno, alla Per quasi 2.000 anni, i visitatori cristiani provenienti casa del Dio di Giacobbe; perchè ci indichi le sue da tutto il mondo si sono recati in pellegrinaggio in vie così da poter camminare per i suoi sentieri». Terra Santa, la terra della loro eredità spirituale. -
The Wandering Lake: Into the Heart of Asia Free Ebook
FREETHE WANDERING LAKE: INTO THE HEART OF ASIA EBOOK Sven Hedin,John Hare | 312 pages | 02 Feb 2010 | I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd | 9781848850224 | English | London, United Kingdom A Wandering Naturalist: China: Jiuzhaigou National Park (Part 2) Not a day goes by that we're not in need of God's huge grace and peace. Every morning we need his Spirit to fill us again, to strengthen us for what's ahead. Every day we need a fresh word that he speaks to our hearts, to keep our focus on what's most important. Trying to run this race of life without him will do nothing but drain us dry. They were oppressed, abused, mistreated people. They needed rescue, they needed a way of escape. Miracle after miracle God performed, leading them straight out of slavery, away from the cruel hand of the Egyptians. He set them free. Free from oppression. Free from captivity. Free from bondage. And the adventure was just getting started. The people of Israel spent 40 years in The Wandering Lake: Into the Heart of Asia desert. The days must have been intense, hot, dry, I'm sure they got weary. But God met them where they were, he made sure they had what they needed. They learned through every hard and grueling step, The Wandering Lake: Into the Heart of Asia much they had to rely on Him. We see it over and over in his word. Stories that prove how God never leaves us fending for ourselves when problems arise or seem too big.