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Possible Effects of Russia's WTO Accession on Agricultural Trade and Production April 2012 ICTSD Programme on Agricultural Trade and Sustainable Development Possible Effects of Russia's WTO Accession on Agricultural Trade and Production By Sergey Kiselev Roman Romashkin Issue Paper No. 40 April 2012 l ICTSD Programme on Agricultural Trade and Sustainable Development Possible Effects of Russiaʼs WTO Accession on Agricultural Trade and Production By Sergey Kiselev Roman Romashkin Issue Paper 40 ii S. Kiselev, R. Romashkin – Possible Effects of Russia’s WTO Accession on Agricultural Trade and Production Published by International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development (ICTSD) International Environment House 2 7 Chemin de Balexert, 1219 Geneva, Switzerland Tel: +41 22 917 8492 Fax: +41 22 917 8093 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.ictsd.org Publisher and Director: Ricardo Meléndez-Ortiz Programmes Director: Christophe Bellmann Programme Team: Jonathan Hepburn, Ammad Bahalim, Tyler Blake Acknowledgments This paper has been produced under the ICTSD Programme on Agricultural Trade and Sustainable Development. ICTSD wishes gratefully to acknowledge the support of its core and thematic donors, including: the UK Department for International Development (DFID), the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA); the Netherlands Directorate-General of Development Cooperation (DGIS); the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark, Danida; the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland; the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Norway; Australia’s AusAID; the Inter American Development Bank (IADB); and Oxfam Novib. ICTSD gratefully acknowledges feedback and suggestions on earlier versions of this study, including detailed comments from Lars Brink, Alan Matthews and Eugenia Serova. For more information about ICTSD’s Programme on Agricultural Trade and SustainableDevelopment, visit our website at http://ictsd.net/programmes/agriculture/ ICTSD welcomes feedback and comments on this document. These can be forwarded to Jonathan Hepburn at jhepburn [at] ictsd.ch Citation: Kiselev, Sergey; Roman Romashkin; (2012); Possible Effects of Russia’s WTO Accession on Agricultural Trade and Production; ICTSD Programme on Agricultural Trade and Sustainable Development; Issue Paper No. 40; International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development,Geneva, Switzerland, www.ictsd.org. Copyright ICTSD, 2012. Readers are encouraged to quote and reproduce this material for educational, non-profit purposes, provided the source is acknowledged. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No-DerivativeWorks 3.0 License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync- nd/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflectthe views of ICTSD or the funding institutions. ISSN 1817 356X ICTSD Programme on Agricultural Trade and Sustainable Development iii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES iv LIST OF TABLES vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS viii FOREWORD ix EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 1. MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF RUSSIAʼS AGRICULTURE 4 1.1 Dynamics of Russiaʼs Agriculture Development 4 1.2 Production of Main Agricultural Commodities in 2008-2010 4 1.3 Market Volumes of Main Agricultural and Food Commodities in 2008-2010 7 2. MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF RUSSIAʼS AGRICULTURAL TRADE 13 2.1 Russiaʼs Agricultural Trade and its Regulation 13 2.2 Russiaʼs Agricultural and Food Trade 19 3. MAJOR PARAMETERS OF RUSSIAʼS COMMITMENTS IN AGRICULTURE 32 4. INFLUENCE OF RUSSIAʼS ACCESSION TO THE WTO ON BELARUS, KAZAKHSTAN, AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 37 ENDNOTES 40 REFERENCES 42 ANNEX I: GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RUSSIAʼS AGRICULTURE, TRADE AND MAIN MARKETS OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD COMMODITIES 43 ANNEX II: RUSSIAʼS AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD TRADE WITH DEVELOPING AND CIS COUNTRIES IN 2010 47 ANNEX III: RUSSIAʼS AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD IMPORTS FROM DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 55 iv S. Kiselev, R. Romashkin – Possible Effects of Russia’s WTO Accession on Agricultural Trade and Production LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Cumulative indexes of agricultural production in Russia (%) Figure 2. Investments in fixed assets in agriculture and food production industry and their shares in total investments in fixed assets in 2000-2009 Figure 3. Expenditures of Russia’s consolidated budget on agriculture and fisheries in 2005-2009 (USD million). Figure 4. Values of production of main agricultural commodities in 2008-2010 (USD million) Figure 5. Shares of main agricultural commodities in gross agricultural production in 2008-2010 (%) Figure 6. Production of main plant products in 2008-2010 (thousand tonnes) Figure 7. Production of main animal products in 2008-2010 (thousand tonnes) Figure 8. Market volumes of main agricultural and food commodities in 2008-2010 (USD million) Figure 9. Components of the average market volumes of main agricultural and food commodities in 2008-2010 (USD million) Figure 10. Structure of the average market volumes of main agricultural and food commodities in 2008-2010 (%) Figure 11. Foreign trade in agricultural and food products in Russia, 2005-2010 ( USD billion) Figure 12. Growth rates of imports of agricultural and food commodities in Russia, 2005-2010 (%) Figure 13. Components of Russia’s meat and meat products supply in 2005-2010 Figure 14. Russia’s import of meat and poultry in 2006-2010 (thousand tonnes) Figure 15. Components of sugar supply in Russia Figure 16. The structure of Russian trade with developed, developing and CIS countries Figure 17. Russia’s agricultural and food trade with developed, developing and CIS countries in 2010 (USD million) Figure 18. Russia’s imports of main agricultural and food commodity groups from developed, developing and CIS countries in 2010 (USD million) Figure 19. Structure of Russia’s imports of main agricultural and food commodity groups from developed, developing and CIS countries in 2010 (%) Figure 20. Russia’s exports of main agricultural and food commodity groups to developed, developing and CIS countries in 2010 (USD million) Figure 21. Structure of Russia’s exports of main agricultural and food commodity groups to developed, developing and CIS countries in 2010 (%) Figure 22. Russia’s cattle and poultry production in slaughter weight (thousand tonnes) Figure 23. Russia’s meat imports in 2000, 2005, 2009 and 2010 (thousand tonnes) Figure 24. Production of sugar and sugar beets in Russia in 2008-2010 (thousand tonnes) Figure 25. Russia’s sugar import in 2000, 2005, 2009 and 2010 (thousand tonnes) Figure 26. Wine production in Russia in 2000-2009 (million litres) ICTSD Programme on Agricultural Trade and Sustainable Development v Figure 27. Russia’s wine import in 2000, 2005, 2009 and 2010 (million litres) Figure 28. Russia’s imports and domestic production of rice in 2000, 2005, 2009 and 2010 (thousand tonnes) Figure 29. Russia’s imports of coffee in 2000, 2005, 2009 and 2010 (thousand tonnes) Figure 30. Russia’s imports of tea in 2000, 2005, 2009 and 2010 (thousand tonnes) Figure 31. Russia’s imports of fruits in 2000, 2005, 2009 and 2010 (thousand tonnes) Figure 32. Gross grain harvests in Russia (million tonnes) Figure 33. Russia’s grain exports in 2000, 2005, 2009 and 2010 (thousand tonnes) vi S. Kiselev, R. Romashkin – Possible Effects of Russia’s WTO Accession on Agricultural Trade and Production LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Role of agriculture and food production in Russia’s economy Table 2. Russia’s TRQ (volumes and tariff rates) for beef, pork and poultry in 2008-2011 Table 3. Russian export and sugar imports in 2008-2009 Table 4. Russia’s domestic support (Total AMS) commitments Table 5. Domestic support for agriculture in Russia, 2006-2008 (USD billion) Table 6. Simple average tariffs for agricultural and food commodities: applied and bound rates (%) Table 7. Simple average MFN applied tariffs for different groups of agricultural goods and final bound rates, Russian Federation (%) Table 8. Tariff rate quotas in Russia’s market access commitments Table 9. Values of Russia’s imports of agricultural and food commodities from developing countries in 2010 (million USD) Table 1.1 Investments in fixed assets in agriculture and food production industry and their shares in total investments in fixed assets in 2000-2009 Table 1.2 Values of production of main agricultural commodities and their shares in gross agricultural production in 2008-2010 Table 1.3 Production of main agricultural commodities in 2008-2010 Table 1.4 Market volumes of main agricultural and food commodities in 2008-2010 (thousand tonnes) Table 1.5 Supply and utilization of meat and meat products in Russia in 2005-2009 (thousand tonnes) Table 1.6 Russia’s meat and poultry import in 2006-2010 (thousand tonnes) Table 1.7 Sugar supply and utilization in Russia in 2007/2008 – 2009/2010 (thousand tonnes) Table 1.8 The structure of Russia’s trade with developed, developing and CIS countries (%) Table 1.9 Russia’s agricultural and food trade with developed, developing and CIS countries in 2010 (million USD and %) Table 2.1 Russia’s imports of agricultural and food commodities from developing and CIS countries in 2010 Table 2.2 Russia’s exports of agricultural and food commodities from developing and CIS countries in 2010 Table 3.1 Russia’s imports of meat of bovine animals Table 3.2 Structure of Russia’s imports of meat of bovine animals (%) Table 3.3 Russia’s imports of meat of swine Table 3.4 Structure of Russia’s imports of meat of swine (%) ICTSD
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