November 21, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37009 Ukrainian historian; to the Committee on Gayanes Gaufo and her children Joselyn G. Nathan and Lilly Shapell; to the Committee Foreign Affairs. Gaufo and Favio G. Gaufo, Jr.; to the Com­ on the Judiciary. mittee on the Judiciary. By Mr. COCHRAN: PETITIONS, ETC. PRIVATE Bll..LS AND RESOLUTIONS H.R. 17502. A bill for the relief of Weath­ Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private ersby Godbold Carter, Jr. and Richard T. Under clause 1 of ru1e XXII, bills and resolutions were introduced and Harriss, III; to the Committee on Interior 564. The SPEAKER presented a petition of severally referred as follows: and Insular Affairs. Gaymond E. Milligan, Houston, Tex., relative By Mr. PHILLIP BURTON: By Mr. HANNA: to redress of grievances; to the Committee H.R. 17501. A bill for the relief of Emily H. Res. 1475. Resolution to commend on the Judiciary.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

"ING" Readers often knew Mr. Ifft as Ing, and world. His statements about what he feels they knew they had in him a champion to be undue Jewish infiuence in the fi­ against the so-called "big shots" and insen­ nancial and publishing institutions of the HON. FRANK CHURCH sitive public officials, price gougers and rude in clerks. If Mr. Ifft had the common touch, it Nation came at a time when tensions OF IDAHO was because he identified with ordinary the Middle East were high and the Arab IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES people. He frequently referred to his home world had to be convinced that U.S. sup­ Thursday, November 21, 1974 as in the "tenement district" and he counted port of Israel was a strong and steadfast waitresses and working men among his many as ever. They represented an unwarrant­ Mr. CHURCH. Mr. President, Idaho friends, although he associated easily with ed intrusion into the affairs of state by has lost one of its most colorful and de­ presidents and celebrities as well. an officer of the military, and I am lightful citizens, a man who devoted a Readers learned to appreciate Mr. Ifft's pleased that President Ford and Secre­ lifetime to a career in journalism, and deft wit, which deflated many an oversized tary of Defense Schlesinger acted became in the process one of our best­ ego. But they also learned they could count on his column to have their say. He was gen­ promptly to repudiate them. known editors and columnists. erous with space, sometimes to a fault, and Frankly, General Brown's subsequent I refer to Nicholas G. mt, who will did not hesitate to publish the most acri­ apology, which stopped short of a retrac­ forever be known to his readers as "Ing" monious criticism of the newspaper. tion, does not ease my doubts about his the name under which he signed his Those. of us who worked daily with Mr. Ifft ability to effectively function in his cur­ column for the Idaho State Journal in never heard him utter a word of personal rent position, nor do I believe that it has Pocatello. complaint, yet hew~ a sympathetic listener sufficiently soothed the hard feelings his Nicholas Ifft was an old-fashioned to others, and a soft touch to many who original statement caused. We as a na­ newspaperman: the kind who knew just came to him for a small handout in time of need. tion have experienced enough division in about everybody and an awful lot about It is fitting that several memorials to Mr. the past 2 years, and we do not need at everything. He never stopped learning. Ifft already exist in the form of trees, and a the top echelon of our military establish­ He had a few favorite causes, of which city park, for he was always ready to con­ ment an individual whose private, out­ one was preserving the trees of the city demn the "tree butchers" and praise those moded prejudices promote continued he loved so well. who planted and cared for a bit of greenery. division. As the Journal pointed out in an edi­ He loved to read, he loved the theater, and I see no real alternative to General torial following his death, Ing also took he loved to travel. But when he returned home, it was always with the declaration Brown's resignation or dismissal from delight in defiating the egos of the "big that Eastern Idaho and Pocatello especially, the Chairmanship of the Joint Chiefs of shots," including politicians, with a deft were the prize spots on this Earth. Sta:fl'. wit. But he also let his critics have their we think Pocatello wlll miss Mr. mt, as say, turning over his column repeatedlY we at the Journal do, but we can console our­ to let the other side of the story be told. selves that we are 1mmeasureably better for U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE Mr. President, Idaho is the poorer for the time he spent among us. FUNDS STUDY TO REDISCOVER the loss of Nicholas G. Ifft. THE WHEEL I ask unanimous consent that the edi­ torial which appeared in the Idaho State Journal on October 31 be printed in the GEN. GEORGE BROWN SHOULD HON. ROBERT J. HUBER RECORD. RESIGN OF MICHIGAN There being no objection, the editorial IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, Thursday, November 21, 1974 as follows: HON. NORMAN F. LENT "30" FOR MR. IFFT OF NEW YORK Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, it recently Mr. Ifft will not be in today, nor ever again, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES came to my attention that the U.S. Pub­ a sprig of flower in his lapel and murmuring Thursday, November 21, 1974 lic Health Service has already spent a warm "good morning" to all his co-workers $100,000 on a study to discover that men at the Journal. Mr. LENT. Mr. Speaker, like many of and rats do very poorly under crowded His pipe tobacco rests, unopened, on a desk my colleagues, I was deeply distressed by conditions and that women adjust to the piled with letters and notes for his column, the report of remarks made by Gen. situation somewhat better. This, I think, "Buzz of the Burg." A desk lamp, which he accepted as a grudging compromise to fail­ George Brown, Chairman of the Joint we all knew that the "territorial impera­ ing eyesight, will not be lit. Chiefs of Staff. His remarks discussing tive" is strong in the male due to mas­ Death came suddenly to Mr. Ifft, and it the infiuence of the Jewish community culine characteristics and it was meant will be a while before we at the newspaper in the United States were distasteful, in­ to be so for the sake of survival. In my grow accustomed to his absence. It will not temperate, and worst of all, inaccurate, view, to spend money to discover this is be easy, for he occupied a special place here. and they have raised serious doubts about just to reinvent the wheel. The article We called him Mr. Ifft, but it was a meas­ his capacity to fill the second most im­ from the Detroit Sunday News of Octo­ ure of respect, not of formality. On occasions, portant position in the Department of ber 6, 1974, follows: of course, he was called Nick, and he was one Defense. I believe his resignation would of the guys. It was characteristic that he STUDY FINDINGS: MEN, RATS ADJUST POORLY shunned a private office, working instead at be in the Nation's best interest. (By David Taylor) his desk in the center of the newsroom, As the highest ranking military officer Pack six men into a tiny room, so tiny pounding away at his own typewriter as he in the United States, any remarks made that elbows bump and knees knock and tt•s had done as a reporter and editor for more by General Brown must be looked upon all too obvious 1f the guy on your right had than 50 years. with credibility by other nations of the garlic for lunch. 37010 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 2'1, 1974 Do the same thlt;g with six women, room ident Ford's veto because of certain just as small and quarters just as tight. SALUTE TO THE SCHJANG FAMILY Then, after telling them not to smoke and amendments. According to this, Federal not to talk, let each group stew in its own judges can reverse classification deci­ uncoziness for a half hour and interesting sions if the judges find the arguments HON. RON DE LUGO things begin to happen. against the decisions equally reasonable. OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS The women, it seems, tend to adjust I do not think this amendment should IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES readily and positively to what is obviously be law. For the interest of my colleagues, a stress situation, communicating a sense of I would like to insert the following Wall Thursday, November 21, 1974 warmth through gestures and facial expres­ Street Journal editorial which expresses Mr. DE LUGO. Mr. Speaker, the Octo­ sion, and developing a sense of camaraderie. The men, however, tend to withdraw and similar views to mine: ber 2, 1974 St. Croix Mirror contained look away, to act tough, throw up masculine STRENGTHENING THE RIGHT TO KNOW an editorial congratulating the Schjang masks and generally fragment as a group. When the Freedom of Information Act was family for their "unselfish contribution That, at least, is what Dr. Yakov Michael signed into law eight years ago, the hope to the social sporting life" of St. Croix. Epstein, a Rutgers University experimental was that it would usher in a new era of This is a justly merited expression of the social psychologist, has found in the initial openness in government operations. The law deep appreciation which the community stages of a $100,000 study. The study is on still permitted government agencies to with­ holds for the Schjang family's generosity. the effects of overcrowding on human be­ hold secret national security or foreign pol­ havior for the U.S. Public Health Service. .icy information, and it still protected trade Through the donation of land, by the The difference in reaction by each sex secrets and other confidential commercial or Schjang family, the extremely popular to being placed in a 4-by-4-feet room has financial information. But requiring federal and successful Alphonso Gerard Softball been "fairly constant," reports Epstein, an agencies to make documents and records League has developed. As the editorial associate professor in Rutgers' University available upon request represented an im­ notes, this is an example of what people College. portant departure from the attitude that working together can accomplish on And he thinks it stems from the way men public records were a private matter. their own: It also illustrates the type of and women are traditionally trained to be­ The act probably restrained some of the have in today's society. desl.re to shroud government business in activity necessary to interest young peo­ "Very different things happen to each secrecy, but it wasn't long before bureau­ ple in athletics and give them the oppor­ group," he says. "The women become a cohe­ crats learned how to circumvent the spirit tunity to develop their potential skills. sive group, communicating their concern for of the law. They raised the art of delay to It is a pleasure to place the entire edi­ each other in their facial expressions and new heights, charged high prices for provid­ torial in the RECORD at this point: even showing they like people better than ing the requested information, and in some KUDOS TO THE SCHJANG FAMILY when not crowded. cases simply refused to hand over documents "The men react more negatively. They put until they were ordered by the courts to do Today, we express our heartfelt congratu­ on a stony face. They become alienated and so. Moreover, it didn't help any when the lations to the Schjang family of Estate St. assume the 'tough guy' male approach. Supreme Court ruled that any requested in­ John for their unselfish contribution to the "Perhaps," speculates Epstein, "part of formation with a "classified" stamp was social and sporting life of this island. ·legally exempt. Oftentimes, nowadays, most of us take this is due to the fact that women are many things for granted. Such is the case allowed to show their emotions more openly In order to rectify these shortcomings, with the Alphonso Gerard Softball League­ in our society. Men are trained to 'act cool' Congress recently passed a series of amend­ we've had it for so long that it has now and not show their emotions." ments to the FOI Act. But · President Ford Epstein has found that the female ap­ vetoed the bill, expressing support for the become an institution. But we would like proach-smiling, developing a warmth of legislative intent but citing concern over to remind one and aU that the success of the League is due primarily to the generosity of communication-helps members of the some of the bill's provisions. Nevertheless, the Schjang family. · group to relax in the crowded room while even before this week's election it was wide­ For this we should be extremely proud, the men just did not. "ly predicted that the bill,· approved by voice .not because they provide the acreage for the Men need not feel too badly about their vote in the Senate and with only two dis­ game, but because they do it out of pure, poor showing in Epstein's experiments. It senting votes in the House, had sufficient unadulterated love for this community and seems that rats have had their problems in support in Congress to pass over Mr. Ford's of the game. More than that, they do not similar projects. veto. shout this from every hilltop, its simply According to Epstein, pioneer work in the Mr. Ford claims that the deadlines written ·attributed as their contribution to society area of crowding, conducted by Dr. John into the new law, allowing 10 days for agency in which they live. Calhoun of the National Institute of Mental responses to requests for documents and 20 Sunday's trophy presentation function, Health, showed that placing rats in such an days for decisions appealing refusal to pro­ marked the completion of another successful environment resulted in increased aggres­ vide information, are "simply unrealistic." season of good and inspiring softball. One sion, bizarre sexual behavior and a break­ Maybe so, but Congress already extended the very positive aspect afforded by this func­ down of the rat community. time limits for compliance. And the kind of tion, was the fact that people, you and me, "The effects of crowding on animals seems information most often requested does not can contribute a great deal to our own to be devastating." says Epstein. "And when have to be dug out of the archives, since most people, if we set our minds to it. There was we entered into this study we found that of the documents are more-or-less routine. no government to this League handout, it among things ascribed to overcrowding We are somewhat more sympathetic with was a matter of doing your own thing, among humans were aggressive behavior, Mr. Ford's argument that the courts should which just goes to prove that people on this juvenile delinquency and public health have to uphold the validity of classified docu­ island must break out of their lethargic problems. ments if there is a "reasonable basis" for slumber and get up and get for everyone's "But," he says, "there has not been enough classification. In the amendments he vetoed, sakes. solid work with humans to tell whether this federal judges could reverse classification By advocating this, we do not mean to let is in fact true. After all, it's a long way from decisions if they found the arguments against the government off the hook, we hope, that rats to humans." them equally reasonable. Maybe that isn't as the Governor and the many politicians He says there are occasions-a Woodstock such a bad idea, in view of the way the class­ observed the great deal of or.ganizatton and or a cocktail party for instance-where ification process has been rotl.tinely abused. professionalism which went into the making crowding seems to be a necessary social But, abuses aside, it seems to us that if the of the function, thoughts would surface as stimulant. ·classification system itself has any validity, to how the Department of Recreation, could the government probably should be accorded come into 'real play' by getting leagues of the benefit of reasonable doubt. However, this caliber moving, and to encourage our STRENGTHENING THE RIGHT TO we stress the word "reasonable" to distin­ young people to become more active in .guish it from the unreasonable way govern­ sports and related activities. KNOW ment agencies have employed the system We hope too, that much greater effort for narrow partisan ends. will be made this year to have full use made There is a danger that Congress could over­ of all the play areas which are already in HON. ROBERT P. HANRAHAN react to Executive secrecy by insisting upon existence and those. which are now being OF ILLINOIS total openness. Obviously, no administration built. It has been proven again and again IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES can realistically be expected to conduct all that these Virgin Islands are capable of pro­ its affairs in full public view. But the pattern Thursday, November 21, 1974 ducing world class athletes, but they first of the past several decades strongly suggests must be discovered, trained and then made Mr. HANRAHAN. Mr. Speaker, as we that the theoretical dangers of government­ good. all know, the House voted to override the by-fishbowl are greatly outweighed by the This can only be achieved when we be­ President's veto of the Freedom of In­ actual fact of excessive secrecy. Congress come a more active society, the private sec­ might well reconsider altering some of the tor complementing the government with formation Act. I am basically in favor language of the FIO amendments along lines both working towards one common goal­ of the Freedom of Information Act; how­ suggested by Mr. Ford, but not at the ex­ high caliber athletes. We also call upon ever, I found it necessary to sustain Pres- pense of the public's right to know. some of the larger industries to live up to November 21, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37011 their social responsibility, not only by pro­ This is as true today as it was back in the It is not the critic who counts, not the viding play areas, but by actively organizing mid-thirties. man who points out how the strong man and executing one or other sporting pro­ The majority of his law enforcement career stumbled, or where the doer of deeds could grams. continued to center on Maryland's Eastern have done them better. The credit belongs Again we want to express our deepest Shore. In May 1940 he was placed in charge to the man who is '8.Ctually in the arena; thanks to the Schjang family for their con­ of the Easton Barrack and the following year whose face is marred by dust and sweat and tribution and devotion in furthering the was promoted to sergeant and was named blood; who strives valiantly; who errs and aspirations of the many people who play the acting troop commander for the entire East­ comes short again and again; who knows the game and the many more who have benefited ern Shore. He received periodic promotions great enthusiasms, the great devotions, and from their enthusiasm. ... Hats off to great and continued to hold ever-expanding re­ spends himself in a. worthy cause; who, at people. sponsibilities as Troop "D" commander, ris­ the best, knows in the end the triumph o:f ing to the rank of captain in 1949. high achievement; and who, at the worst, if After serving a 3% year stint as adjutant he fails, at least fails while daring greatly, LT. COL. PAUL J. RANDALL RETIRES for the entire department at headquarters so that his place shall never be with those FROM MARYLAND STATE PO­ in Pikesville from 1955 to 1959, he returned cold and timid souls who know neither vic­ LICE to Easton as Troop "D" Commander. tory nor defeat.-THEODORE ROOSEVELT. Again being needed at headquarters, he was promoted to major in May 1968 and was HON. ROBERT E. BAUMAN named chief of the field forces. Two years OF MARYLAND later he was promoted to lieutenant colonel and was named chief of operations. Five CRISIS AT THE CROSSROADS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES months later in December 1970, Lt. Col. Ran­ Thursday, November 21, 1974 dall was appointed deputy superintendent and chief of the Services Bureau. Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, on De­ During his long law enforcement career, HON. FRANK E. DENHOLM cember 1, 1974, Lt. Col. Paul J. Rand:aJl Lt. Col. Randall has battled lynch mobs, OF SOUTH DAKOTA of the Mayland State Pollee will end 41 directed rescue efforts at disasters, such as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES years of distinguished service to the plane crashes and the 1954 Kent Manufactur­ Thursday, November 21,. 1974 State of Maryland. I know Colonel Ran­ ing Co. explosion, and has coordinated the evacuation of many persons from severe Mr. DENHOLM. Mr. Speaker, I have dall both a.s a fellow resident of Easton, storms and heavy snows. Md., and as a superior State official with read with a sense of sadness the pub­ Gov. William Preston Lane, Jr. awarded lished reports of additional thousands of whom I had contact during my term in Randall a. highly-coveted citation for Hhis the Maryland State Senate. He has .com­ ability and energy in directing the solving employees in the automobile industry piled an excellent record of service to his of many important cases." He has· received being suspended from employment as State and its citizens, and he and his many letters of recognition from the State the economy of this Nation continues its family can be justifiably proud of his Police superintendent.s, Maryland governors, downward trend. other public officials and citizens for his han­ There are no manufacturers of auto­ career. dling of a wide variety of situations. I wish all the best for Colonel Randall mobiles in the State of South Dakota He was named "Policeman of the Year" by but the impact of unemployment is not in his retirement, and I only hope that the Salisbury Exchange Club in 1965 and was future Maryland State Policemen can recognized on the floor of the U.S. House of unknown to the families of rural live up to the example which he has es­ Representatives in 1968 by then Congressman America. tablished. I insert an article from the Rogers C. B. Morton for being an outstand­ The recession that has now been Salisbury Times regarding Colonel Ran­ ing law enforcement official. acknowledged by the President has been Reflecting on his career with the State dall's retirement. recognized by farmers and ranchers and Police, Lt. Col. Randall said he is ready to the people of rural communities each [From the Salisbury (Md.) Times, Nov. 12, hang up his "spurs" and enjoy life 1n retire­ 1974] time the fruit of their labor has been ment. His experience has been one of the sold at prices below the cost. of produc­ COL<>NEL RANDALL, "LAST OF HORSEMEN," To rare ones in policing, truly spanning law en­ RETIRE forcement from its pioneer days to the pres­ tion. However, they cannot cut back or PlKESVILLE.-The Maryland State Police ent complex systems. And for the future, no shut down production to save themselves will mark the end of an era. on Dec. 1 when other Maryland State policeman will ever from economic disaster. the last of their horsemen retires. exper~ence such a career, from horseback to The economy of rural America Is re­ Lt. Col. Paul J. Randall, who signed on the helicopters. :fl,ected in the broken windows of thou­ force as a. probationa.ry horseman in 1933, is A gala farewell party has been planned to sands of empty farm houses, abandoned retiring after 41 years of service. honor Lt. Col. Randall's retirement. The re­ at close-out sales. During this time, he rose through the ception and dinner dance will be held at Blue Crest North 1n Pikesville Nov. 22. The impact of the unemployment of ranks to the position of deputy superintend· automobile workers and other industrial ent which makes him the highest ranking uniformed member of the State Police. employees will be felt in rural America Col. Randall was born and raised in Wash• just as the bankruptcy of farmers and ington, D.C. and he attended public and ranchers is equally paid for at · ·the parochial schools there. He worked as a jour­ POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS grocery counters of suburban and urban neyman printer and linotype operator for America. the washington Evening Star before being Fewer and fewer producers of food will appointed to the Maryland State Police on HON. JACK .BRINKLEY J'une 6, 1933. result and has resulted in higher food He received three weeks instruction at the OF GEORGIA prices and ultimately will produce short­ 110th Field Artillery Regiment in Pikesville IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ages of food products in the marketplace before being assigned his horse "Tom," and Thursday, November 21, 1974 of the American consumers. with a pair of spurs was ordered to report to I have continuously urged my col­ duty at Sub-Station "I" in Easton. Mr. BRINKLEY. Mr. Speaker, may I leagues to recognize the interdependence Randall was promoted shortly thereafter to pay tribute to an outstanding segment of of the economy of rural America with motorcycle officer as the State Police began America which is comprised of those in­ that of the urban and industrial centers to phase out their horses, using the rationale dividuals who participate in the cam­ that "horses eat hay while standing still, but of our country. Many of you have re­ motors only burn gasoline while they are paigns of men and women for elective of­ sponded by understanding that farm running." fice. Often, it seems to be a tiring and subsidies were really food subsidies that Officer Randall was assigned for a short thankless task and these people risk the historically gave consumers an abun­ time during 1935 to the Frederick Sub-Sta­ agony of defeat in reaching for the pin­ dance of food at reasonable prices. tion before being ordered back to Easton, an nacle of victory. Most importantly, they I need not remind you today that it area which became his permanent home. are the ingredient which makes our po­ was this Congress that voted against the Randall's sub-station commander highly rec­ litical system work competitively and ommended him for promotion to officer first extension of the Sugar Act in 1974. I class in 1936 and made the following observa­ well. I am personally grateful to all of need not remind you that by the majority tion about the young man. them and in testimony to the key role vote of this Congress the insignificant "His reports are complete in detail, neat which they play wish to dedicate the fol­ savings of farm subsidies to sugar beet and concise; and always promptly sub­ lowing quotation from Theodore Roose­ and cane producers was saved but a mitt ed." velt: whopping 1,200 percent increase in the 37012 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS N ove?nber 2'1, 19 7 4 cost of sugar is now paid by consumers tant part of it. He will be missed as all good blatant denial of Latvia's right to at the checkout counters of the ·super­ neighbors are when they depart. sovereignty. Let the commemoration of markets across America. Latvia's national day of independence re­ The choice is ours-we can continue mind us of the injustice inflicted on this the philosophy of "penny wise and dollar noble people and serve as an inspiration foolish" or we can formulate a national IN COMMEMORATION OF LATVIA'S to further the progress of freedom. farm and food policy that will reverse DAY OF INDEPENDENCE the ever-increasing cost of living as the first positive action to control inflation HON. JOHN W. WYDLER in America. OF NEW YORK CONGRESSIONAL ACTION NECES­ Mr. Speaker, it is clear that our na­ SARY ON UNEMPLOYMENT NOW? tional economy is at the crossroads of a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES serious crisis. Unemployment is on the Thursday, November 21, 1974 rise-food prices continue to rise, infla­ Mr. WYDLER. Mr. Speaker, 56 years HON. RAY J. MADDEN tion continues uncontrolled to the dis­ ago a proud people proclaimed its in­ OF INDIANA advantage of everyone and I ask again dependence from centuries of foreign IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and again-why must we have a national domination. On Nov. 18, 1918, the inde­ Thursday, November 21, 1974 crisis instead of constructive national pendent state of Latvia came into being. policy? In this era of detente, let us not overlook Mr. MADDEN. Mr. Speaker, when I The people have not forsaken our the continued, illegal occupation of this was home during the election recess I system of government and this is no time land by the Soviet Union. was contacted by a great number of con­ for our representative system of govern­ The spirit of Latvian nationalism stituents and organizations regarding ment to forsake our people. steadily grew in intensity throughout the Wlemployment and the economically I am hopeful that someday a farm and years of occupation by foreign powers. depressed conditions in the industrial food policy will have the full attention of During World War I, the Latvians took Calumet region of Indiana. this Congress that will deter all Ameri­ advantage of the domestic turmoil with­ Many complaints were registered con­ cans from the economic crisis at the in Russia and established the First Lat­ cerning the impoWlding of funds for crossroads of the future. vian National Assembly, which convened housing, education, and highway con­ on November 16, 1917. This body subse­ struction, the delay of final passage of quently issued a resolution that sounded mass transit legislation, curtailment of E. DONALD STEINBRUGGE the note of Latvian independence. But the small business program, and so forth. obstacles remained. The Latvians were Unemployment in the Calumet region forced to struggle against both German has been rising monthly during the years HON. MATTHEW J. RINALDO and Russian attempts to suppress their 1973 and 1974, and continues to rise. OF NEW JERSEY rightful claim to nationhood during the This Congress should do everything IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES 3 years that followed. Yet, the un­ possible before adjournment in Decem­ Thursday, November 21, 1974 daWlted determination of this strong­ ber to complete all pending legislation willed people kept the hope of freedom that will a:ffect and stimulate industry, Mr. RINALDO. Mr. Speaker, during alive. and enact legislation to curb the further our recent recess, the people of Union The struggle was not in vain. Exactly rise of the cost of living, along with pro­ County, N.J.• lost one of their most dis­ 1 year after the creation of the Pro­ viding work and income for the families tinguished citizens. Union County Judge visional National Council, an independ­ that will need help during the winter E. Donald Steinbrugge died on Novem­ ent Latvian Government was established months. ber 6. Judge Steinbrugge, a close personal in Riga on Nov. 18, 1918. Finally, the This morning I received the following friend, whom I had known well for many Soviet Union signed a peace treaty with letter from Geo1·ge Tichae, secretary­ years, was not only an exceptionally fine Latvia on Aug. 11, 1920. The aggressor treasurer of the Indiana State COWlcil jurist, but a dedicated and compassion­ renounced all rights over the Latvian of Carpenters, setting out the thoughts ate human being. people and territory. Latvia assumed its of his organization concerning the neces­ I would like to enter into the RECORD rightful place as a full member of the sity for immediate action on the part the editorial comments about Judge League of Nations in 1921. Shortly there­ of the administration and the Congress, Steinbrugge that appeared in the Sum­ after, the United States extended diplo­ which I include with my remarks: mit, N.J., Herald: matic recognition to Latvia. INDIANA STATE COUNCIL E. DoNALD STEINBRUGGE However, the events of World War II OF CARPENTERS, Judge E. Donald Stelnbrugge who died abruptly terminated Latvia's life as an November 18, 1974. last week after a somewhat brief lllness will independent nation. Once again, its ter­ Hon. RAY J. MADDEN, be long remembered by residents here, the ritory was violated by Soviet troops. In U.s. Representative, county and the state as a man who believed June 1940, the Soviet Union reestablished Washington, D.O. 1n life and the basic decency of his fellow~ DEAR RAY: The Officers and Membeirship men. a puppet regime, which was subsequently of the Indiana State Council of Carpenters Following a successful career as an attor­ ousted by the Nazis. But the Soviet forces are very disturbed by the Administration ney, Judge Steinbrugge brought his knowl­ returned. Against its will, Latvia was in­ in Washington withholding the funds that edge of the law to the bench where he served corporated into the Soviet Union. This are allocated for highway construction and for over two years as a judge in the Union act of aggression will never be forgotten etc. County Court. Some of his decisions were by the Free World. The United States At the recent Statewide meeting of this precedent-setting landmarks that brought will never recognize this illegal occupa­ State Council, which was attended by rep­ the concept of government by law closer to resentation from all eleven Congressional tion. Districts of our State, this meeting was held the people. Today the heroic Latvians struggle to As a civic leader who took pride in his on Wednesday, November 13, 1974, in the community, Judge Steinbrugge was known maintain their distinctively rich cultural Hilton Hotel in Indianapolis, Indiana, it was and admired by all he came into contact identity in spite of Soviet oppression. The by unanimous consent of all persons in at­ with. He was a man of great warmth, under­ character of the Latvian people is re­ tendance at this meeting that you be con­ standing and compassion. :flected in their higher standard of living. tacted and asked for your support in urg­ Now that he is gone, the community is Memories of their past existence as an ing the Administration in Washington to poorer. We are sorry he is no longer among independent nation kindle hope for the release these Highway funds, which are be­ us, but happy in the fact that we were future. ing held up and that they be forwarded among the many who were fortunate in to the State requesting them. knowing him in life. Nov. 18, 1918 holds a special place in We further believe that these "Held-up Our heartfelt sympathies go out to his the hearts and minds of those who cher­ Highway Funds" 1f released will not only ish freedom. We Americans echo the call increase job opportunities for our Mem­ family and many friends. Although our com­ bership, but will stimulate the Building munity is poorer now that Judge Steinbrugge made by President Woodrow Wilson for Trades Industry and increase work activity is no longer with us, our community is in­ national self-determination. We shall in the mentioned areas, but wlll help the deed richer since, in life, he was an impor- continue to express our outrage over this economic picture for our entire State. November 21, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37013 Your immediate concern in this situation Immediately after the war there was com­ the ceremonies to the Civil War monument is appreci,ated by the Indiana Carpenters munity activity to install a war memorial in because they had some birth in Italy by and once again, we strongly urge you to help memory of the young men who died from Italian artisans. rectify this situation and help us to get this community. Governor Tod of Ohio, a Since the Civil War our dedicating cere· our country's economy turned around. resident of this community, was appointed monies reveal today that we have had five With kindest regards from the Indiana to direct the campaign for subscription to other wars and two sides of the base of the State Council of Carpenters and its Mem­ obtain the necessary funds to install and monument are being used to install five bership, we now trust that we will hear dedicate the monument. The first subscrip­ plaques on each side. It has been 104 years from you favorably and also with ideas re­ tion obtained was about $6,000.00. This en­ for five wars. There are two other sides and garding this situation, we remain. com·aged the citizenry to enter into a pro­ there may be five more wars. We don't know Indiana State Council of Carpenters-­ posal for the purpose of building the me­ how many but we know if history is a sure UBCJA. morial. The estimate was about $10,000.00. indicator of things to come, then there could Sincerely yours, The cornerstone was immediately laid two be five more wars in the next one hundred GEORGE TICHAC, blocks from the Central Square in Youngs­ years. SecretaTy-Treas'urcr. town, at the corner of Wick and Wood Street, The veteran and his organizations have al­ in which the dedicating ceremony was con­ ways observed history in order to keep our ducted with Masonic ritual and Governor country prepared and our people tuned to Rutherford Hayes the dedicating speaker. the day when war may come again, and i! Shortly after, it was proposed that the there is no preparation there certainly will YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO, REDEDICATES site selected would be used as a new county be havoc. The history of the Civil War re· "MAN ON THE MONUMENT" ME­ courthouse and when appropriate provision vealed that neither side was prepared or the MORIAL TO WAR DEAD was made to acquire the land the original war never would have been. In fact, seven site of the Civil war monument was moved hundred and fifty thousand of our young to its present location in the Central Square men were killed. But apparently dedication HON. CHARLES J. CARNEY of Youngstown. has been the touchstone to keeping this Civil OF OHIO A contract for the purchase of the monu­ War monument alive, and there will be dedi· IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment was concluded and it was constructed cations of our own purpose to proper pre­ and thereafter dedicated in its present posi­ paredness that we will be able to lessen the Thursday, November 21, 1974 tion on July 4, 1870, in which Governor James chances of future wars. Mr. CARNEY of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, on Garfield gave the dedicating speech. The Man on the Monument has no mysti­ Columbus Day, October 12, 1974, I had Thereafter both Governor Hayes and Gov­ cal power but its dedicators and those con­ ernor Garfield became Presidents of the nected with the dedicators have the power the pleasure and the privilege of attend­ United States. to keep the purpose alive. And dedication is ing the rededication of the "Man on the It was found that after the monument was the power of the statue. Monument" on Public Square in Youngs­ dedicated there were insufficient funds to pay town, Ohio. the contractor who refused, we are informed, During the ceremonies in honor of to deliver the title or acquired the title by Youngstown's sons who gave their lives foreclosure for failure to pay his contract HEALTH ISSUES WEEK for their country, Attorney Thomas M. price. In any event, he was supposed to have retained title to the Civil War monument Moore delivered an excellent speech which continued in his possession until 1892. about the history and significance of this At that time Governor William McKinley who HON. DONALD D. CLANCY Civil War monument. was campaigning in Ohio and stopped in OF OHIO Mr. Speaker, I believe that Attorney Youngstown, recommended that public sub­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Moore's speech will be of interest to scription be instituted to pay the contractor Thursday, November 21, 1974 every patriotic American. I, therefore, and obtain the legal title. This was done and would like to insert his speech in the the contractor was paid and the Civil War Mr. CLANCY. Mr. Speaker, three RECORD at this time: monument was ag~tin dedicated by Governor groups in Cincinnati, Ohio, recently William McKinley. Incidentally, he also be­ pooled efforts and resources to sponsor SPEECH BY ATTORNEY THOMAS M. MOORE came President of tbe United States. This Civil War monument was provided by It's amazing that more has not been writ­ a Health Issues Week which should be of the people of Youngstown Township as a ten about the magic of our Civil War monu­ interest to our colleagues here in Con­ fitting memorial to the Civil War dead from ment which was practically the touchstone gress and which other communities may this Township. It was a saddened commu­ for dedicators to become President of the wish to adopt. nity. It was dedicated on July 4, 1870. If United States. Health Issues Week, October 7 through nothing further had been associated with Everything was silent with the Man on 12, was a week of discussion and exhibi­ this Civil War monument it undoubtedly the Monument until the early fifties, at tions in Cincinnati of matters pertain­ would have passed into oblivion like all other which time the city workers in Youngstown war memorials. However, after its dedication accidently knocked the monument from its ing to health. They were sponsored by it is said that this Civil War monument, place of prominence and it was destroyed. the Public Library of Cincinnati and later referred to as the Man on the Monu­ United Veterans Council and other groups Hamilton County, the University of Cin­ ment, could boast o! outstanding companions instituted a program to replace the Man on cinnati's College of Community Services, associated with future dedications, namely: the Monument in its past position on the and the Health Planning Association of three Presidents of the United States. This Public Square. They were able to attract Mr. the Central Ohio River Valley. is what made it historical. Emil Bertolini, a prominent local stone con­ The ambition of the week was to help Near the end of the Civil War, Youngstown tractor, who purchased a new statue and inform the public with the expectation Township was composed of a population of after considerable photographs and plans about ten thousand people. Out o! the 10,000 were obtained, the order was sent to Italy that the people would then be better pre­ there were 115 young men who died in the where it was sculptured by an Italian artisan. pared to help formulate community Civil War. Their names are inscribed on the In 1955 the Man on the Monument was health policies. monument. The Veterans Administration again dedicated and Governor Frank Lausche The program included presentations publicize that there were 374,000 war dead attended the dedication as the principal on mental health, retardation, compre­ from the North alone. If a comparable speaker. He, of course, was attracted by our hensive health planning, health for the amount of young men died in the Confed­ committee who informed him of the magic aged, vision loss, hearing loss, medicine's eracy, we would have a total Civil War dead in the past of converting our dedicators into of the young men of this country of about Presidents of the United States. We don't responsibility for cost and quality con­ 750,000. know whether he had the desire for the posi­ trol, physical education and recreation, It is reported that the outstanding public tion or that the monument had lost its human sexuality, use and misuse of community service at that time was graveside magic, but Governor Lausche did not become drugs, availability of health services, ceremonies for both the burial and the dec­ a candidate for President of the United confidentiality, medical care for the oration of the graves, which was done in States. underserved, environmental control, con­ every community on the day they saw fit. In Today is an interesting day. It is Colum­ response to this unorganized graveside ac­ sumer views of health care, public food bus Day and all the Columbus Day activities service and sanitation enforcement, ac­ tivity, Grand Commander General John have been conducted prior to our dedicating Logan ot the G.A.R., who had roots in cident prevention, and health legislation. Youngstown, issued his famous Order No. 11 ceremonies to our Man on the Monument involving the installation of five steel plaques I would like to take this opportunity to directing that all G.A.R. units should cause commend these organizations for this the decollation of all vetemns' graves on representing five wars, such as the Spanish­ May 30th of. each year, commencing 1868. American War, World War I, World War II, fine program and to recommend that This became known as Decoration Day, now the Korean and Vietnam conflict. However, other communities consider similar Memorial Day. there is a similarity in Columbus Day and presentations. 37014 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, 1974 ROY BRAMHALL HEADS for the attention of my colleagues in the Turning to the lack of adequ9-te agri­ STATE PYTHIANS Congress of the United States. cultural development in most of the develop­ ing countries, he said, "There must be something wrong with our development plans, something wrong HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS With our objectives and priorities, something OF PENNSYLVANIA UNITED STATES DEFENDED AT terribly and disastrously wrong, when 25 or IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FOOD CONFAB even 30 years of independence and develop­ ment have only led us to this sorry pass, to Thursday, November 2-1. 1974 this crisis o! world hunger. Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, it is with HON. KOBERT J. LAGOMARSINO "What went wrong, I dare suggest, was distinct pleasure I rise today to pay trib­ OF CALIFORNIA our understanding and appreciation of pri­ ute to a gentleman from my 20th Con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES orities and of the economic and social, and by that token also the political, realities." gressional District of Pennsylvania who Thursday, November 21, 1974 has achieved the distinguished honor of In clearly implied criticism of India for Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, I spending huge sums to become a nuclear being elected grand chancellor com­ power while millions of its people face fam­ mander of the Pennsylvania Knights of would like to bring to the attention of ine, Romulo added: Pythias. my colleagues the article by Kingsbury "What is the purpose, the use of brand I had the privilege of attending a tes­ Smith outlining Philippine Foreign Min­ new factories, or even a nuclear device, when timonial dinner for this outstanding ister Carlos Romulo's defense of the millions of our poople do not have enough man, Mr. Roy Bramhall, which was Western industrialized nations at the to eat when an unacceptable proportion of sponsored by his home lodge, Boston World Food Conference in Rome. our children die before leaving infancy. Foreign Minister Romulo's courageous When those who survive are stunted phys­ Lodge 394. I was greatly impressed with ically and mentally. What price, then, a the many tributes paid him by those who words will be, I know, appreciated by everyone in this body. nuclear bomb or the missile to carry it know him best-his family, friends, across the globe?" neighbors, and business associates. The article follows: Asserting it was "shameful and degrad­ Mr. Bramhall, I believe,. is typical of UNITED STATES DEFENDED AT FOOD CONFAB ing to wait upon the so-called developed the kind of leaders the Knights of Pyth­ (By Kingsbury Smith) countries, to depend on the food-surplus ias have enjoyed since the order was RoME, Nov. 8.-A gallant Asian statesman countries, to come to our rescue every time, founded nearly 110 years ago, in Febru­ startled the world food conference this week­ we come to the brink of starvation." Rom­ ary 1864. It was, I understand, the first end by telling off the anti-western bloc for ulo said the developing countries should blaming the United States and former Eu­ look to the resources all of them have. "Our organization of its kind to be chartered ropean oolonial powers for the plight of the own land. Our own water. And above all, by an act of Congress. poor nations and demanding the west lower our own people." According to its history, Justice H. its living standards to help feed famine­ He cited what President Marcos has Rathbone, founded the order during the stricken millions in Asia and Africa. achieved in the Philippines under his New Civil War in hopes it could help heal the Foreign Minister Carlos Romulo, who Society program. Forty per cent of the agri­ wounds and hatred resulting from that landed with General Douglas MacArthur cultural area cultivated under the landlord conflict. It is recorded that President when the Philippine Islands were liberated system, has been redistributed among the Abraham Lincoln, so impressed with the in World War II, said the backward nations peasants, who have been organized into bear some of the responsibility for their in­ agricultural cooperatives. About 20 per cent objectives of the order, suggested its ability to feed their own people. He called on of the national budget is spent on the pro­ great principles be perpetuated and that them to look to their own resources rather duction of food and related projects. its founders seek a charter from the than expect the Western industrialized na­ Despite soaring oil prices and a series of Congress "and so organize on a great tions to continue indefinitely playing the unprecedented devastatingly damaging ty­ scale throughout this Nation and dis­ role of rich uncle. phoons, the Phillppines is st111 enjoying an seminate this wonderful work you have The former ambassador to the United economic boom. so nobly started. I will do all in my power States and world-renowned diplomatic rep­ sentative of his island republic was the only to assist you in this application and with delegate of the developing countries to de­ your work." fend the West against charges that its ex­ THE HONORABLE EDWARD For those of my colleagues not famil­ ploitation of the backward nations and its DEGRAFFENRIED iar with the order, may I explain it is over-consumption of food was responsible dedicated to the promotion of friend­ for the lack of adequate agricultural produc­ ship, charity, and benevolence. These tion in most of Asia and Africa. HON. ROBERT E.. JONES are the keystones of its objectives and He spoke after Communist China had de­ OF ALABAMA have sustained the order for more than nounced the Western nations for "plunder­ IN THE HOUES OF REPRESENTATIVES a century. ing" the poor countries and after Iran, India, Saudi Arabia and others declared it was the Monday, November 18, 1974 Therefore, it is understandable why "duty" of the West to assume the major JONES Mr. Bramhall should be elevated to such share of the burden of solving the world food Mr. of Alabama. Mr. Speaker, a high office in such a noteworthy orga­ crisis. I want to join my colleagues fn observing nization for he exemplifies the epitome It was a courageous speech for Romulo the passing of our former associate in the of its standards. He has earned the rep­ since President Ferdinand Marcos just re­ House, Hon. Ed deGra:ffenried, of Tusca­ utation of a humanitarian. He holds the cently moved to improve relations with Com­ loosa, Ala. Boy Scout Silver Beaver Award and or­ munist China and the Philippines is depend­ Ed accumulated a distinguished record ganized the first troop for retarded ent on the Middle East for most of its oil of public service as a circuit court solici­ supplies. tor in Alabama before his election to the youngsters in 1960. In addition he served Taking the anti-Western bloc to task for as president of the Boston Volunteer assailing the West for enjoying an abundant 81st Congress. He was reelected to the Fire Company for 4 years. life, the Filipino foreign minister, who was 82d Congress and served until1953, when As a member of the Order of the noted for his outspokenness when he was he returned to his law practice in Tusca­ Knights of Pythias, Mr. Bramhall has his country's envoy to the United Nations, loosa. compiled a shining record of accom­ said it was "unfair to resent their good for­ His ancestors had been among the first plishment. He joined Boston lodge in tune and technological skills, or to begrudge settlers in central Alabama and he main­ 1959, and served as chancellor com­ their enjoyment of plenty." tained the deGraffenried family tradition "Nor should we," he· added, "question the mander in 1962 and 1973. He also has motives of their generosity and the rea­ of outstanding public service. held other official positions within the sons for their avowed concern. They a.re After his tenure in the Congress, he lodge. Mr. Bramhall also is an active prepared to help, and that should be was widely known as a capable attorney member of American Legion Post 361, enough." and served as president of the Tuscaloosa various Masonic bodies, and the First Commenting on published 1·eports that County Ba1· Association in 1961. United Presbyterian Church. the conference cafeteria was bulging with It was my privilege to know Ed deGraf­ Mr. Speaker, I deem it an honor to rich food and that many delegates were fenried for more than 45 yeam-first as a insert this tribute to Mr. Bramhall, the frequenting Rome's top restaurants. Romulo proposed that during the course of the con­ friend and later as a colleague. He will be officers and members of Boston Lodge ference the delegates eat "cm:ry the- aver­ missed by all who knew him. 394 and the international fraternity of agC' daily ration of an Asian or an African I extend my condolences: to bis children the Knights of Pythias, into the RECORD peasant." and their families in their great loss. November 21, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37015 JOHN LOFTON PRAISES THE "It is a revealing fact that few planners ECONOMIC CONDITIONS CHOICE OF PROFESSOR HAYEK are content to say that central planning is desirable. Most of them affirm that we can FOR NOBEL PRIZE no longer choose but are compelled by cir• cuxnstances beyond our control to substitute HON. WILLIAM D. FORD HON. JACK F. KEMP planning for competition. The myth is OF MICffiGAN deliberately cultivated that we are embark­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF NEW YORK ing on the new course not out of free will but IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES because competition is spontaneously elimi­ Thursday, November 21, 1974 Thursday, November 21, 1974 nated by technological changes which we Mr. FORD. Mr. Speaker, on Septem­ can neither reverse nor should wish to ber 19, 1974, I attended the President's Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, the impor­ prevent. minisummit conference on inflation in tance of the awarding of the Nobel Prize "This argument f.s rarely developed at any length-it is one of the assertions taken over Detroit, Mich. The purpose of this and in Economics to Prof. Friedrich A. von other similar conferences conducted in Hayek by Sweden's Royal Academy of by one writer from another until, by mere iteration it has come to be accepted as an other cities was supposedly to provide a Sciences last month should be obvious establish~d fact. form for public discussion on the eco­ to any student of government and eco­ "It is, nevertheless, devoid of foundation. nomic disaster which continues to plague nomics. The tendency toward monopoly and plan­ this country. At a time when too many governments ning is not the result of any 'objective facts' Unfortunately, Mr. Speaker, I was and leaders seem to be willing to take beyond our control but the product of opin­ somewhat dismayed to learn that vir­ the road of reliance upon centralized ions fostered and propagated for half a cen­ tually every one of the participants in economic planning by government-a tury until they have come to dominate all our policy." the Detroit summit conference was a pathway which, as Hayek himself point­ Freedom of choice in a competitive society, representative of big business. To the ed out, leads inevitably to the erosion Dr. Hayek says, rests on the fact that if one best of my knowledge there was only one and eradication of individual freedom­ person refuses to satisfy our wishes, we can representative of organized labor in the the academy has seen fit to call to the turn to another. entire conference. This was not only un­ attention of the world community the "But if we face a monopolist we are at his fortunate, but it was ironic, since the teachings and insight of this truly great mercy," he points out. "And an authority di­ State of Michigan has one of the largest philosopher of free market economics recting the whole economic system would be the most powerful monopolist conceiveable." concentrations of organized labor in the and individual freedom, Professor Those who argue that we have been far entire country. Hayek. more successful at mastering the forces of Mr. Speaker, the one representative of In a recent column on this subject, ap­ nature than we have been in making success­ organized labor who did participate in propriately entitled, "A Proper Tribute," ful use of the possibilities of social collabora­ the conference was Glen E. Watts, presi­ John D. Lofton, Jr., the nationally syn­ tion are quite right as far as they go, says dent of the Communications Workers of dicated columnist for United Features Dr. Hayek. "But," he cautions, "they are mistaken America. Following his participation in Syndicate, and a radio commentator, the Detroit minisummit, Mr. Watts re­ and editor, made some cogent points when they carry the comparison further and argue that we must learn to master the forces lated his views on the economic condi­ about the relevance of Hayek's works of society in the same manner which we have tions in this country in an article which to our problems today. learned to master the forces of nature. This was published in the Communications The essential question as to which is not only the path to totalitarianism but Workers of America News. He points out way a society will move-toward cen­ the path to the destruction of our civiliza­ that while we do not go so far as to brand tralized planning or toward reliance on tion and a certain way to block future prog­ individual choice in the marketplace­ ress. the economic "summit" and "minisum­ has not changed for thousands of years, "Those who demand it show by their very mits" as nothing more than public rela­ and it is certainly before us today. demands that they have not yet compre­ tions gimmickry-which some have hended the extent to which the mere pres­ done-we remain skeptical. At this point, I include the text of Mr. ervation of what we have so far achieved President Ford's so-called economic Lofton's column and commend it to the depends on the co-ordination of individual program no longer leaves me skeptical attention of my colleagues: efforts by impersonal forces." but deeply dismayed. Unemployment in A PROPER TRmUTE In another of his classic works, "The Con­ Detroit alone is at 11.3 percent, while the (By John D. Lofton, Jr.) stitution of Llberty"-published in 1960, Dr. Hayek is most prophetic in his warnings national average is 6 percent, and is ex­ WASHINGTON.-ln awarding the 1974 Nobel about inflation and the dangers of govern­ pected to rise to 7 percent early next Memorial Prize in Economic Science to Dr. ment manipulation of the money supply. year. The wholesale price index is up Friedrich A. von Hayek, the Royal Swedish There are two points which cannot be another 2.3 percent, bringing the total Academy of Sciences has chosen to honor stressed enough, he says. First, it is certain one of the truly great philosophers of rise in wholesale prices to 22.6 percent, that the drift toward more and more state the most in any 12-month span since individual freedom. control shall not be stopped unless the mfia­ The 75-year-old Hayek received the award tionary trend is stopp-ed and, second, any 1947. President Ford's economic program along with, Dr. Gunnar Myrdal, a socialist, continued rise in prices is dangerous because of lapel buttons and home gardens, which "for their pioneering work in the theory of once this stimulating effect is relied on, it is supposed to solve these grim economic money and economic fluctuations and for commits us to . a course which leaves no realities, is like shooting a grizzly bear their pioneering analysis of the inter­ with a pop gun. depe:p.dence of economic, social and institu­ choice but between more inflation, on the tional phenomena." one hand, and paying for our mistake by a I would also like to note that Mr. Watts Ironically, Dr. Hayek's 1944 best-seller, recession or depression, or both. points out that after taxes corporate "The Road to Serfdom," was rejected by the "Those who wish to preserve freedom profits, beginning in 1971, rose 17 per­ first three publishing houses approached. should recognize, however, that inflation is cent, 25 percent, and then 26 percent, Written in England during the war years and probably the most important single factor and are now up 28 percent for the second designed almost exclusively for English in that vicious circle wherein one kind of quarter of 1974. readers, it was, he says, "a warning to the government action makes more and more Mr. Speaker, at this point I would like socialist intelligentsia of England." government control necessary," writes Hayek. to insert into the RECORD the article "We "What I had thus seen of the origins and "For this reason, those who wish to evolution of the various totalitarian move­ an Must Change Course Drastically To ments," wrote Dr. Hayek, "made me feel that stop the drift toward increasing government Avoid a Full-Scale Depression" by Mr. English public opinion, particularly among control should concentrate their efforts on Glen E. Watts, president of the Com­ my friends who held 'advanced' views on monetary policy. munications Workers of America. The social matters, completely misconceived those "There is perhaps nothing more disheart­ text of the article follows: movements." ening than the fact that there are still so WE MUST CHANGE COURSE DRASTICALLY To But Dr. Hayek did not misconceive them. many intelligent and informed people who AVOID A FULL-SCALE DEPRESSION And what he wrote is as unerringly accurate in most other respects will defend freedom (By Glenn E. Watts) and brilliantly incisive as when he first pub­ and yet are inducted by the immediate bene­ lished his thoughts 30 years ago. In the relief of finally having Watergate fits of an expansionist policy to support what, behind us, American workers and their Regarding the idea which Italian dictator in the long run, must destroy the founda­ Mussolini says he and his followers were the unions cannot afford to forget that the new first to assert, that is that the more com­ tions of a free society." administration will have many of the same plicated civilization becomes, the more Mr. Speaker, this Congress and the characteristics as its predecessor. Policy on restricted the freedom of the individual must people we represent would be better econon1ic, social and labor matters will be become, Dr. Hayek writes: served by heeding Hayek's advice. formulated by many of the same people as 37016 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November ~1, 1974 before, and by people with similar philoso­ ing power, and also with their jobs. The As we recognize Latvian Independence phies. Nixon tight money policy sent unemployment Day, let us remind our Nation and the President Ford himself bears a close re­ up sharply, from about 3% when he took of­ world to continue press not only for a semblance to Nixon on domestic issues, as fice to the 6-6% range. Unemployment is to a look at his House voting record for a quar­ presently running about 5.3 %-meaning 4.9 free and independent Latvian State, but ter century reveals. It 1s a record which offers mUllan out of work--and is expected to rise for the right of self-government for all little hope for White House support of to between 6% and 8% by next year because peoples. needed programs to aid the average Ameri­ of current slump conditions. can and the disadvantaged. Clearly a drastic change of course is needed Nor can we be overly optimistic about to avoid a full scale depression in this coun­ SECURITIES REFORM Ford's prospects for solving the problem he try. We must end the restrictive monetary rightly has described as the nation's number policies of the past few years, bring tax re· LEGISLATION one concern-the sorry state of the economy. llef to low and moderate income citizens, The President, an avowed economic conserv­ balanced by the closing of many loopholes ative, has noted that he isn't a. Lincoln; we for corporations and wealthy individuals; HON. SAMUEL H. YOUNG just hope he doesn't prove to be another and we must begin attacking the monopolis­ OF ILLINOIS Hoover. tic business practices and excessive specula­ IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES The fact that the administration is hold­ tion in international commodities which con­ ing a series of conferences to listen to wide­ stitute the real root cause of today's infla­ Thursday, November 21, 1974 spread views on the economy is, to a degree, tion. encouraging. However, many of the state­ The Republicans have had a dismal record Mr. YOUNG of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, ments to date by Ford and his economic ad­ 1n dealing with economic matters, dating the House will shortly be considering the visors cause us to fear that he may have back to the great crash of 1929. We fervently most comprehensive securities reform made up his mind already to pursue much hope that President Ford can learn from legislation in 40 years. This bill-H.R. the same course as Nixon did In this area. past mistakes and prove the exception to the 5050, the Securities Acts Amendments While we would not go so far as to brand rule. of 1974-will be the most important leg­ the economic "summit" and "mini-sum­ islation affecting our securities markets mits" as nothing more than public rela­ tions gimmickry-which some have done­ and the capital raising process in this we remain skeptical. CWA is participating in LATVIAN ~EPENDENCE country to be considered by the House these conferences, offering our views and since the Congress passed the first Fed­ suggestions, and we will watch the outcome eral Securities Act in 1933. with great interest. HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN Subcommittee Chairman JoHN Moss Clearly, the failed policies of the Nixon OF NEW YORK correctly summarized the impact of this era. demonstrate that the anti-inflation IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bill in a speech more than a year and "remedies" of wage restraint. high interest one-half ago when he said: rates and a. general tightening of the money Thursday, November 21, 1974 supply are ineffective in today's economy. The 93rd Congress promises to have more This is because the type of inflation we are Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, November impact on this Nation's securities industry experiencing today is not the "demand­ 18 commemorates the 56th anniversary than any Congress since the 73rd Congress pull" variety, where consumers pull prices of the Latvian Declaration of Independ­ enacted the Securities Act of 1933 and the up through lavish spending on goods and ence. It should serve as a reminder to Securities Exchange Act of 1934. services. the world that these approximately 2 The version of H.R. 5050 to be pre­ Instead, it is "cost-push" inflation. The million citizens of the Baltic Republic of sented to the House is an improved bHI rising costs of food, fuel and raw materials Latvia are spending another year under drive prices up throughout the economy, over the original bill which was filed in causing labor to constantly attempt to catch­ Communist oppression. March 1973. Nonetheless, there are seri­ up. This should be obvious to us by now, This small country, comprised of eth­ ous ramifications with provisions in the for the country has gone through an experi­ nic heritages not only of Latvians, but current bill, some of which I intend to ment which has been extremely costly to Russians, Byelorussians, Poles, and speak to by way of amendments which working people and the poor. Ukrainians, has traditionally been free I expect to offer. The Nixon "wage-price control" program spirited and independent by nature. Essentially my concern, which I hope sharply curtailed wages and salaries for more The Russian Emperor, Alexander I, will be shared by most Members of this than two years, while prices and profits were granted these peoples freedom from Rus­ virtually unaffected. After-tax corporate House, is the impact which H.R. 5050 will profits, beginning in 1971, rose 17%, 25% sia in the early 19th century. This re­ have on the capital raising mechanism ]n and then 26%, and are now up 28% for the markable pronouncement preceded the this country. If we impair that mecha­ second quarter of 1974. abolition of serfdom in Russian by some nism, and I am concerned that H.R. 5050 The raging two-digit inflation we have 40 years and developed strong national­ in its present form will do just that, we today actually began gathering steam in late istic feelings. The idea of political self­ will seriously jeopardize the ability of the 1972, while the economic control program rule was then conceived which brought private sector to marshall the equity was at its peak. about, among other things, the growth capital needed to fuel our economy over With this experience, it seems incredible of educational establishments and other that financial spokesmen from big business the coming decade. One of our most criti­ actually are contending at the mini-sum­ civil institutions. cal shortages is capital. mits that even higher profits are needed to The idea of creating an independent A recent study of the New York Stock control inflation (the theory being that de­ State of Latvia was openly espoused dur­ Exchange projects a $550 billion shortage pendence upon scarce foreign commodities ing the Russian Revolution of 1905. How­ of investment capital ove1· the next· dec­ is to blame, and higher profits wm mean ever, the dream was not brought to frui­ ade-a shortage which threatens our na­ more development at home). tion due to the advent of World War I tional priorities in housing, energy, mass The bitter medicine of monetary restric­ and the German onslaught. transportation, and a host of critical tion-administered chiefly through raising Following the German collapse in 1918, interest rates to the highest level in a cen­ areas. tury-has not only falled to control 1nfia­ the Latvian national council again pro­ Other Members and committees of the tion, but appears even to have fueled the claimed the independence of Latvia, but House are looking into the capital short­ price surge. High interest rates in manu­ that dream was once again destroyed age problem. However, if we members facturing are passed on directly to consum­ when the Soviet government established of the Commerce Committee propose leg­ ers. And the economic slump brought on by the "Latvian Communist Government," islation to this House which hobbles the tight money depresses productivity rates, creating tensions that led to the 1940 ability of the securities industry to as­ which in turn causes higher unit costs and invasion of Latvia by the Red Army and sist in raising needed capital, then I am higher prices. its.annexation into the U.S.S.R. concerned that we will surely fail in our Furthermore, higher and higher interest Since that time, collective farming has subsequent efforts to solve the problem. rates have seriously depressed the home­ been imposed upon these proud people bullding industry, worsening the housing A crucial provision of H.R. 5050 ad­ who have also suffered, among other dresses the basic issue of fixed minimum shortage and sending home costs up to the things, mass deportations to Soviet point where the average worker is priced out corrumss10n rates versus negotiated Russia. rates. The current version of the bill of the market. The median sales price for a The United States has not recognized new home today is up to about $36,000- would mandate negotiated rates effec­ out of l'each for anyone earning less than the forcible incorporation of Latvia into tive May 1, 1975, with the authority in $20,000 per year. the Soviet Union and most westem coun­ the Securities and Exchange Commis­ American workers have paid for this eco­ tries have been reticent in granting de sion to continue or reestablish fixed nomic bungling through severe loss of buy- jure recognition to that government. minimum commission rates by ru1e on November 21, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37017 a SEC public interest finding until Octo­ as to the economic dominance and ability may not be traded on any stock ber 1, 1976. After October 1, 1976, the to "dictate" the charges to be paid is in­ exchange. Commission could act only by order, escapable. Other provisions of the bill delegate after a hearing on the record and after The problem of "dictated, commis­ sweeping authority to the Securities and making a series of difficult findings. sions exists at the present time with par­ Exchange Commission to create a "na­ The difficulty with the current provi­ tially negotiated commission rates and tional securities market system." The bill sion is twofold: First, it tends to pre­ will obviously become more severe if does not define what is meant by a "na­ judge the issue and mandate the imposi­ commission rates become fully negotia­ tional securities market system" nor did tion of negotiated commission rates; and, ble by May 1, 1975. the subcommittee reach any agreement second, it makes it exceedingly difficult, Historically, the securities industry in as to what it meant by that term. The after October 1, 1976, for the Commis­ the United States has been a "cottage" bill does provide that such a system sion to continue fixed minir.·mm com­ industry consisting principally of small, would include, "as a minimum," a trans­ mission rates. local firms scattered around the country actional reporting system, a composite The securities industry has been oper­ servicing local investors and financing quotation system and rules designed to ating under an SEC directed experiment local businesses. This situation is also provide "fair competition between com­ with negotiated rates for portions of changing with many of these local firms petitors." I think it is clear that the sub­ orders above $300,000 since April 1972. merging with the larger firms head­ committee did not intend the SEC to In my judgment, that experiment has quartered in New York or leaving the exercise this authority in a manner been a failure on at least two counts. business entirely. For example, today we which would weaken or destroy tradi­ First, institutions are dictating lower have about 31 fewer brokerage firms tional property rights which have been commissions to securities firms on their headquartered in Chicago than we had the underp-innings of our securities orders while public investors are paying 10 years ago. The story is the same in St. markets. higher commissions as brokerage firms Louis, Pittsburgh, Kansas City, Atlanta, · Accordingly, I intend to offer the fol­ attempt to recoup their losses. For ex­ Dallas-Fort Worth, Los Angeles, Denver lowing two amendments to H.R. 5050 on ample, an institution buying $500,000 and other communities throughout the the House fioor. of a stock selling for $30 a share pays country. The amendments follow: approximately 50 percent less than it did David J. Harris of the Chicago Corp. AMENDMENT No. before they were permitted a volume dis­ recently summed up this situation suc­ On page 132 strike section (p) (1) begin­ count on their orders and rates became cinctly stating: ning on line 24 and ending on line 4 page negotiated in part. During the same pe­ Because of the pressures on our business 135 and insert in lieu thereof the following riod, an individual investor purchasing and overall decline of profitability, capital revised (p) (1) so that the revised section is leaving our business when we will most would read as follows: $5,000 of the same $30 stock has seen his need it. In the past year t otal capital in our "(p) (1) On and after may 1, 1975, nona­ rates increase by almost 50 percent. In industry declined 12 % and equity capital tional secmities exchange may fix or impose brief, it can well be argued that the declined 19 %. any schedule or rate of commission, allow­ small investor is subsidizing the large ance, or discount: except that the Commis­ institutional. investor. This is clearly H.R. 5050 may accelerate this trend sion at any time, and from time to time, may contrary to the public interest and for a number of reasons. For example, the by rule, after appropriate notice and afford­ ought not be sanctioned in legislation bill currently does not permit broker­ ing interested persons an opportunity for the passed by the House. dealers to execute transactions for their oral presentation of views, data, and argu­ As a result of negotiated rates for por­ own firm. In other words, if William ments, in addition to an opportunity to make tions of orders above $300,000, the secu­ Blair & Co. in Chicago wanted to buy written submissions, permit a national secu­ 1,000 shares for its own account, it would rities exchange or exchanges to continue, es­ rities industry has seen its revenue re­ tablish, or reestablish a reasonable schedule duced by some $73 million in 1973 at a have to do so through Merrill Lynch or <;>r rate of commission, allowance, or discount time when all of the New York Stock Ex­ some other firm. As a result, the ability for transactions or portions of transacti()ns change member firms doing business with of·firms to attract and utilize capital will on such exchange if the Commission deter­ the public had a combined pretax loss be severely restricted. An amendment mines that the public interest requires the of $49 million. which I will propose will correct this sit­ continuation, establishment, or reestablish­ David J. Harris, chairman of the Chi­ uation and permit such transactions. ment of a reasonable schedule or rate for A further concern which I have with such transactions or portions of transactions cago Corp., a regional brokerage firm, on such exchange or exchanges. The Com­ summed up the situation this way in a H.R. 5050 is that it grants exceedingly broad new regulatory authority to the mission shall promptly transmit a copy of recent address: any rule or order adopted pursuan~ to this Negotiated commission rates reduced our Secmities Exchange Commission. In a subsection to the Congress, together with a commission income $76,400,000 in 1972 and number of instances, it is arguable that statement of the Commission's reasons for in 1973 an additional $73,700,000. Now they there is no justification for the authority adopting such rule or order, and the Com­ are pursuing fully negotiated rates which I conferred. For example, the SEC is given mission-'s recommendations, it any, for leg­ believe will further erode our profit. . . . the unprecedented, extraordinary au­ islation concerning the matter of commis­ Theoretically these things have been in the thority-which it has not requested nor sion rates." public interest. Practically I say they are not sought-to prohibit stock exchange mem­ Further amendatory changes to conform in the public interest. They weaken our with any other sections to be consistent wit h profitability and decrease our ability to serv­ bers from Luying or selling stocks on the revised (p) ( 1) are also adopted. ice the public. exchanges. There is no comparable pro­ vision in existing law. AMENDMENT No. 2 Second, institutions do not "negotiate" Historically, the decision to list secu­ On page 149 of H.R. 5050 as reported int:iert commission rates with brokerage firms, rities on an exchange is made by cor­ the following after line 14: but rather they "dictate" the rate to be porate management and consummated "(K) any transaction for the account of a charged, usually after the transaction is in a contractual agreement between the member in circumstances where a majority completed. This situation becomes un­ company and the exchange where the of the beneficial interest in such account is derstandable when one compares the size owned ·bY associated persons of suoh member securities are to be listed. Like any other who are natural persons and are engaged em of the largest institutional investors to contract, the company incurs certain ob­ a full time basis in the business of such the size of the securities industry. ligations and rights as does the exchange. member." For example, banks, life insurance companies and corporate pension plans For example, let us assume the Grain respectively have some $807 billion, $252 Belt Breweries, Inc. of Minneapolis has LATVIAN INDEPENDENCE billion and $122 billion in net worth or made a decision to list its shares exclu­ a combined total of $1 trillion $181 bil­ sively on the Midwest Stock Exchange. HON. RONALD A. SARASIN lion in net worth. All member firms of the Notwithstanding the decision and the listing agreement between Grain Belt OF CONNECTICUT New York Stock Exchange had a com­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bined net worth of $3.7 billion as of and the Midwest Exchange, the SEC December 1973. could order that their shares not be Thursilay, November 21, 1974 Consider also the fact that institutions traded on the Midwest Stock Exchange Mr. SARASIN. Mr. .Speaker, tension account for 60 percent of all commissions but only on the New York Stock Ex­ has long plagued ,the relationship be­ paid to these firms and the conclusion change, or the SEC could order that they tween the United States and the U.S.S.R., CXX--2333-Part 27 37018 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 2'1, 1974 two major powers with conflicting ideo­ of Allende was the will of the Chilean peo­ league, the Honorable Wayne L. Hays, logical persuasions. Yet, despite the ple who realized that their. country was being U.S. Congressman from the 18th Ohio estrangement that has often existed be­ subverted and its institutions and values District, also was in attendance. The City destroyed by Marxist revolutionary war from tween these two governments, the people within. of Hope National Medical Center pre­ of America have never forgotten the in­ Yet such radiclib writers as Tom Wicker of sented the Spirit of Life Award to Mr. dividuals in the states of Latvia, Lithu­ The New York Times writes of the "inde­ Vivo in recognition of his deep concern ania, and Estonia within the Union of fensible American intervention in the inter­ for the dignity of his fellow man. Soviet Socialist Republics. nal affairs of Chile." Mr. Speaker, Tony Vivo is a great hu­ I think it is fitting that Americans There's nothing indefensible about t rying manitarian. Able, active, benevolent, with a history of struggling for inde­ t o stop communism from expanding its brotherly, concerned, congenial, dedi­ pendence and self-determination recog­ beachhead in this hemisphere- or anywhere, cated, determined, efficient, effective, for that matter. Had America intervened fair, forthright, generous, goodly, hon­ nize that stubborn spirit of national fully and openly in Cuba in 1959, the Cuban pride that the Latvians and members of people today would not be living under a est, and so forth, are a few of the ad­ her sister states have preserved over long cruel communist tyranny. Indeed, in a wider jectives which describe this wonderful years of persecution. November 18 historical perspective, had the United States, human being. We are most fortunate to marked the 56th anniversary of Latvian Britain and France intervened more fully in have Tony Vivo and his lovely wife and independence and I deeply regret that we Russia after the Bolsheviks destroyed the family as members of our community. cannot celebrate the recognization of democratic Kerensky government, the entire Mr. Speaker, I would like to take this basic human rights long withheld from world would have been spared decades of opportunity to congratulate Anthony our Latvian sisters and brothers and aggression and terror. Had the United States Vivo on receiving the Spirit of Life their ultimate right to control their own intervened in China in the late 1940's, giv- · Award, and to commend him for the ing Chiang Kai-shek the weapons he needed destiny. to defeat the communists, another appalling many good works he has done. I insert In the United States, citizens of Lat­ terror state would not have come into exist­ excerpts from the testimonial dinner in vian descent are awaiting the promise o( ence. the RECORD at this time: freedom for their relatives in Latvia and Americans radiclibs always have been pro­ ANTHONY VIVO VISrrS CITY OF HOPE I join them in their hopes for the future. Castro. It is understandable, t herefore, that This tribute is in recognition of his life's they were pro-Allende. The ·Americans who service to our community and philanthropic favor revolution in Latin America also favor interests, which are identified with a wide radical restructuring of American economic range of health, youth, education, religious, THE CASE OF CHILE and social institutions. sports and human relations activities. Chile is a special target for the liberal­ He has served, or is serving as president of leftist community in the United States be­ the Mahoning County Easter Seal Society; HON. ROBERT J. HUBER cause the Chileans are determined to regain director and president of the Mahontng OF MICHIGAN national prosperity through use of the free County Society of Crippled Children and enterprise system. Adults; president, Nationality Groups of Ma­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Unlike revolutionary regimes hailed by honing County; chairman of the Senior Citi­ Thursday, November 21, 1974 American liberals, the Chilean government zens Activities for M.ahoning County; chair­ has vowed to honor foreign debts and has man of the Mahoning County Area Boy Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, a great deal returned expropriated property to private Scouts Committee; and serves on the board .has been said about what happened in hands. Not surprisingly, those in the U.S. of such organizations as the Youngstown Chile during the last year. The Com­ . who want to nationalize American compa­ Society for the Blind, Mahoning County munist world has mounted its most in­ nies aren't happy at witnessing a setback for Cancer Society, Mahoning County Council tensive propaganda drive since the peak nationalization elsewhere in this hemi­ for Retarded Children, International Insti­ days of Vietnam. Again, as in the case sphere. tute, Volunteer Service Bureau and Multiple of South Vietnam, the persons opposed The Chilean government is encouraging Sclerosis Society, to mention only a few. At business expansion in the country and tlleir recent convention, Tony was elected to to the present Government of Chile want seeks fresh capital from the u.s., Europe and the National Board of the National Associa­ to keep everyone's attention focused on Japan. It recognizes that private investment tion of Recorders, Clerks, County Officials. In peripheral issues, such as CIA involve­ is the key to improve job opportunities and Cleveland he was recently awarded a Ufetime ment and avoid the basic question as to a higher living standard for the people of membership in AAU. Pat, Tony and their what would have become of Chile if Al­ Chile. family of eight children were recently an­ lende had continued in office. In this The return of economic freedom. to the nounced as the recipients of the Family of way, these critics deal with Chile in iso­ Chilean nation and rebuilding of an econ­ the Year Award to be given by the Youngs­ lation instead of in terms of the world omy shattered by Allende's Marxist experi­ town Area Chamber of Commerce. ments are matters of no interest to liberal He is a devoted father, husband, philan­ situation. Recently Mr. Anthony Harri­ thropist and humanitarian and is recog­ gan wrote a column on this matter, pundits of The New York Times and Wash­ ington Post. They want to continue and ex­ nized as a leader of our community. which was released to the press on Sep­ tend their vendetta against the Chilean The Hon. Anthony Vivo Medical Research tember 27, 1974, giving a broader view government that is trying to bring order out Fellowship at City of Hope is a tribute of the matter. I commend it to the at­ o: chaos. through which a Fellow is named who will have the responsibility for specifically re­ tention of my colleagues: It is very clear that the community of ferring to the Hon. Anthony Vivo Medical THE CASE OF CHILE radiclib commentators wouldn't be happy Research Fellowship in all scientific reports (By Anthony Harrigan) with anything less than a return of power at international, national and regional con­ of another Allende-type Marxist regime. ferences at which he presents his findings A year after the Marxist regime of Salvador Thus the propaganda war being waged allende was ousted in Chile, American radi­ and discoveries, The same procedure will be against Chile is a reflection of the i(l.eological adhered to in the articles published by the clibs are waging a full-fledged propaganda sickness in a key sector of American Society. war against that South American country. Fellow in medical and scientific journals. A In the Congress, liberal senators are rais­ permanent bronze plaque attesting to the ing a hue and cry about pressures applied by Hon. Anthony Vivo Medical Research Fel­ the United States to prevent the transforma­ CITY OF HOPE HONORS HON. lowship will be affixed in the main foyer of tion of Chile into another Cuba. The im­ ANTHONY VIVO OF YOUNGS- the Ctty of Hope. mediat~ target is the Central Intell1gence This evening's testimonial dinner recog­ Agency. Actually, Congress would have had TOWN, OHIO , nizes the numerous contributions he has reason to be aroused if the CIA had failed to made to his fellow man. The establishment be concerned about the establishment of a HON. CHARLES J. CARNEY of the Hon. Anthony Vivo Medical Research communist regime and base on the South Fellowship at the City of Hope symbolizes American mainland. OF OHIO his hope and belief in the better world of One of the major roles of the CIA is to be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES health we all seek for now and the future. alert to Communist revolutionary activities Thursday, November 21, 1974 THE CITY OF HOPE STORY around the world. The Allende government The City of Hope, founded in 1913, occu­ was an instrument of Marxist revolution in Mr. CARNEY of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, on pies 92 landscaped acres and is engaged in this hemisphere. Allende imported armed Wednesday, October 16, 1974, I had the patient care, research and medical education Cuban guerrilla units into Chile to destroy pleasure and privilege of attending a in the catastrophic diseases. Its doors are that country's way of life. testimonial dinner in tribute to the Hon­ open on a nonsectarian basis to sufferers It is vital, however, that the people of the orable Anthony Vivo, Mahoning Coun­ from cancer and leu kemia, chest, blood and United States understand that the overthrow ty Clerk of Courts. My distinguished col- heart ailments, and certain maladies of November 2·1, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37019 heredity and metabolism. Basic studies are health program that is successfully vs. the nation as a whole. Back in 1967, total also conducted in· these areas -(such. as dia· demonstrating that group health can be medical care (including hospital . costs) betes) as well as in genetics and neurosct­ both effective and cost-saving. I am sub­ amounted to $U2 per person at Puget Sound, ences. No patient has ever paid one penny for compared with a national average of. $168. treatment, regardless of extent of expense. mitting for the RECORD an article that That's a difference of $56. By 1970, Puget The City of Hope is a national and non­ appeared in Today's Farmer outlining Sound costs were $90 less than for the rest sectarian Pilot Medical Center dedicated to the program and the record of the Group of U.S. In 1971, the difference was $98. In the service of humanity through unsurpassed Health Cooperative of Puget Sound. I 1972, $112. facilities for free patient care and pioneer­ am delighted to see that this fine pro­ Now. What if you had been paying the ac­ ing programs in research and education in gram is receiving well-deserved national tual national average for medical care for the major catastrophic diseases of our era ... attention and I would suggest that it be the seven years from 1967-1973. You'd have cancer and leukemia, heart, blood and carefully reviewed for the lessons it can shelled out $1,652. How about Puget Sound? respiratory afilictions, diabetes, lupus, Hunt­ $1,039. A savings over the years of $613. ington's and other maladies of heredity and teach us in the development of national How about all of us in the Nation? How metabolism ... and basic studies in genetics health policy and a national health in­ much would we have saved had we all be­ and the neurosciences. Its Consultation Serv­ surance system. longed to a cooperative like Puget Sound? ice is also available at no cost to doctors and The article follows: More than $100-billion! hospitals through the nation, regarding ONE RoUTE TO BETTER HEALTH AT As you might imagine, . the word about diagnosis and treatment of their patients. LOWER COST Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound Many hundreds of original findings and dis­ (By Art Grimm) has gotten around. Especially in Seattle. Anct coveries have emerged from its sta1f and it has attracted members to the cooperative laboratories in recent years in its efforts to If you are an average American, medical like fleas to a dog. relieve pain, prolong life and effect cures. As services cost you about $311 in 1973. That's So much so, in fact, that the cooperative a. "think tank" for other hospitals, the City for every man, woman and child in the has had to stop enrolling new members. of Hope seeks improvements in the quality, United States. Among exceptions, however, are babies born quantity, economy and efflciency in the On the other hand, had you been lucky into the families of the some 190,000 Puget enough to belong to Group Health Coop· delivery of health care. To meet accelerating Sound ~embers. La.st year these new mem­ needs, this center of healing and research erative of Puget Sound, Seattle, Wash., your bers alone amounted to 2,400. Since there with an annual operating budget of $21 medical bill would have been $191. A savings were only 393 deaths among the cooperative million, requires an additional $10,005,000 for of $120. members, the net increase was substantial. new buildings, new programs, new facilities, Imagine, if you will, what such a savings To handle these, and other new members, and new equipment. The unique role of the could mean to the some 210 million people the cooperative is now adding $16-million in City of Hope is one of seeking to influence in the U.S. Not to mention the economy as facilities and recruiting new staff people. In­ medicine and science everywhere. Its impact a whole. cluded, by the way, is a new hospital. is universal, qualitative and original-a At the rate of $311 per person, medical But there's one more thing in Puget boon to all mankind. care cost the nation some $65.3 billion in Sound's favor, something most cooperatives 1973. would like more of. Members are exceedingly PROGRAM However, if each of the nation's 210 million Invocation active and kept that way by a good com­ people belonged to a cooperative like Puget munications effort, including a bi-monthly Mrs. Anthony Vivo. Sound, the total bill would have been $40.1 magazine. Also a major factor, say observers Dinner billion. That's an incredible savings of $25.2 of Puget Sound is its director, Doctor H. F. Fred Gronvall, Chairman. billion. Newman. He puts it this way: "If there. is a Victor Sperling, Greater Youngstown Exec­ That'll buy a lot of · medicine, even at to­ single aspect of Group Health Cooperative of utive Council No. 1083. day's prices. Not to mention food, clothing, Puget Sound that differentiates it from most Hon. Herman P. Starks, Youngstown gasoline and meat. other major health organizations in the Councilman, Second District. Now, before you start counting the money United States, it is the grass roots level of Hon. Thomas J. Carney, Jr., Ohio State you're going to save by forming another consumer participation in the operation of Representative. Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, the cooperative. It is our greatest strength. Hon. Charles J. Carney, U.S. Congress, 19th wait. and has resulted in our program becoming Ohio District. There's nothing like Puget Sound. Any­ a model for the nation in consumer partici­ Hon. Wayne L. Hays, U.S. Congress, 18th where. Plenty of prepaid group health plans, pation". Ohio District. yes, including some good cooperatives like William Kaufman, City of Hope Midwest the Washington, D.C., Group Health Plan Dir~ctor. and the Group Health Plan of Minnesota. VIRGIN ISLANDS LEGISLATURE Hon. Anthony Vivo, 1974 City of Hope There's also Kaiser; but that's not a cooper­ HONORS BIL LAMOTT A Spirit of Life Recipient. ative and has little consumer-member input. Sonny Mars, Raconteur. There are some 200 prepaid group health Benediction pla.ns; ~orne cooperative, some not. And HON. RON DE LUGO Dr. Sidney M. Berkowitz, Congregation they'll all probably do a better job than the OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS average health service system. Rodef Sholom. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Music But Puget Sound is different, largely be­ cause it has dedication. And its own hos­ Thursday, November 21, 1974 The Michael Ficocelli String Ensemble. pital. Most other group health plans, with COMMITTEE the exception of Kaiser, do not. No one need Mr. DE LUGO. Mr. Speaker, I am in­ Chairman: Fred L. Gronvall. tell you the cost of hospital care these days. serting in the RECORD, Resolution No. 720 President: Victor Sperling. Except, of course, at Puget Sound, where of the lOth Legislature of the Virgin Vice Presidents: Hon. Anthony Vivo, Al the medical system is geared to keeping you Islands honoring Wilbur "Bill" LaMotta, Shipka, and Walter R. Zimmerman, Jr. out of the hospital, not putting you· in "so musician, composer, song writer, and ar­ SPmrr OF LIFE AWARD the insurance Will pay for it". Then when you do go to the hospital, Puget Sound keeps ranger. Born in Christiansted, St. Croix Presented to: Hon. Anthony Vivo. In the dally cost down, and, more important, Bill LaMotta is largely responsible fo~ recognition of His Deep Concern for the gets you out faster. the original introduction of Caribbean Dignity and Welfare of His Fellow Man, They do this through a well-planned pre­ folk music to the American public, and Symbolizing the Aims and Aspirations of the ventive medical care system based on excel­ has devoted his unique talents to the ac­ City of Hope-A Pilot Medical Center. lent out-patient care, including nurses to complishment of elevating West Indian Squaw Creek Country Club, October 16, visit you at home. There's also a reassuring folk music to a classical art form. This 1974. 24-hour answering service, with trained nurses on hand to handle your calls, give you distinguished Virgin Islander has con­ advice and get you a doctor if needed. tributed enormously to the cultural life GROUP HEALTH COOPERATIVE These, and other factors too numerous to of his native islands as well as the entire OFPUGETSOUND mention, have resulted in hospital cost sav­ Caribbean region, and it is indeed fit­ ings so dramatic as to be almost unbelievable. ing that the lOth Legislature has hon- - Per person costs at the Puget Sound hospital oredhim. HON. BROCK ADAMS were nearly two-thirds LESS than for the OF WASHINGTON The resolution follows: nation as a whole in 1973. Or $52 for the RESOLUTION No. 720-To HONOR AND To CON• ­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES year, compared with a national per person GRATULATE WILBUR "BILL" LAMOTTA, Mu­ Thursday, November 21, 1974 average of $155. You might expect a coope1·· SICIAN, COMPOSER, SONG WRITER AND ative to be better. But so much better? . ARRANGER in Mr. ADAMS. Mr. Speaker. the Furthermore, these Puget Sound figures Whereas Wilbur (Bill) LaMotta was born Puget Sound area of Wa:shington State are no flash in the pan. Long term figures in the town of Christiansted on the Island of we are fortunate to have a. group show the same pattern in cooperative .costs St. Croix, on January 13, 1919; and 37020 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Nove1nber 2·1, 1974

Whereas Bill LaMotta, whose parents were music and music·al culture throughout the EMPLOYMENT RULED OUT both musicians, acquired an active interes·t world. That is the "wolf's ticket," something more in music at the age of five years, and was pre· Section 2. That the Legislature, on its own damaging than a bad-conduct discharge from sented with his first clarinet before he behalf and on behalf of the people of the the American armed forces because in the reached the age of seven years; and Virgin Islands, extends best wishes to Bill Soviet scheme of things any prospective em­ Whereas by age eleven, Btll LaMotta had LaMotta in the continued pursuit of excel­ ployer wlll find out about it. become an accomplished clarinet player and lence in the world of music which has al­ Since July, Mr. Turchin, who is 43 and played for local concerts and at various ready been so greatly enriched through his has a wife and two sons, has managed only church musicales, where he also became sub­ contributions. a few brief odd jobs as a hod carrier. His stitute organist; and Section 3. That a perma plaque copy of wife, who is a mathematician, has supported Whereas then Governor, Paul M. Pearson, this Resolution shall be prepared and pre­ the family. was so impressed with the virtuosity of Bill sented to Bill LaMotta by the President of Recently, Mr. Turchin made contact with LaMotta on the clarinet that the Governor the Legislature or his designee at an ap­ another institute and found scientists in­ took an active part in helping him obtain propriate ceremony held for that purpose. terested in his past work and eager to take his first piano, another instrument on which Thus passed by the Legislature of the Vir­ him on. But when they contacted his former he had become accomplished; and gin Islands on September 18, 1974. institute, they learned about his "wolf's Whereas Bill LaMotta proceeded to launch ticket." a musical career which included not only "Of course, they said they would like some accomplished performance with musical in­ promise that I would not make similar state­ struments but with musical composition, ar­ ments in the future," said the soft-spoken ranging and lyric writing; and SAKHAROV'S FRIEND CANNOT FIND WORK scientist. "I told them I could not make such Whereas at the age of seventeen Bill La­ a categorical promise because I did not Motta was thrilled when his song "Headin' know what would happen. For Home" was accepted and published by a "And they very politely began to explain New York publisher and subsequently re­ HON. DONALD M. FRASER OF MINNESOTA that the situation was complicated. The in­ corded by several well known artists; and stitute director, they said, was very ambitious Whereas Bill LaMotta applied for and was IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and wanted to advance and the same applied granted admission to the Juilliard School of Thursday, November 21, 1974 to the department head. So they felt they Music; and had better think it over. I agreed. They have Whereas Bill LaMotta's musical career was Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, one of the been thinking for some weeks now and I launched into full swing when he and his five most insidious devices used by the Soviet think nothing will come of it." brothers journeyed to the states and, as the LaMotta Brothers, appeared on several major Government against Soviet Jews who SUPPORT FOR DISSIDENTS television programs and had their own radio applied for exit visas was the dismissal Mr. Turchin's dissent dates back six years show on one of New York's most popular of the applicant from his or her job when, with hundreds of other scientists, and radio stations; and shortly after the visa application was other liberal intellectuals, he signed letters Whereas Bill LaMotta is largely respot:sible initiated. Since permission to leave was protesting against the trials of dissidents. for the initial introduction of Caribbean folk always slow in coming, at best, the appli­ In the crackdown of 1968 that preceded music to the American public at larGe with cant faced a long uncertain period of and accompanied the Soviet-led inva,sion of the release of an entire album for RCA de­ economic hardship. Czechoslovakia, some of the signers were ex­ pelled from the party or lost their jobs as voted to Caribbean folk music, including to 17 .. Voodoo Woman", "Breakfast In A Flying According a Sunday, October examples to others. Saucer", "Alfredo Boy" and "Island Girl New York Times story written by Hed­ Mr. Turchin circulated an unofficial leaflet Audrey"; and rick Smith, the Soviet authorities are titled "Inertia of Fear" after the invasion of Whereas Bill LaMotta returned to the Vir­ not loath to use this tactic against any Czechoslovakia. In 1970, he joined with Mr. gin Islands in the year 1959 and continued person who is brave enough to speak out. Sakharov and Roy A. Medvedev in address­ his active and diversified career in music, Valentin F. Turchin, the subject of ing a 4,000-word appeal to the Soviet leader­ owning and operating, with his wife, two Smith's article, is now suffering because ship, proposing liberal reforms. music oriented businesses ("The Music Man" he defended Andrei D. Sakharov. His re­ While he was making these protests, his and "The Guitar Lady"), and composing and ward was demotion, then dismissal. career was slowly being altered. He had been arranging one popular song after another, graduated from Moscow University as a the­ including the extremely po:oular "Come Back Cases such as that of Turchin do not oretical nuclear physicist in 1953 and had To The Virgin Islands"; and encourage those of us who want a genu­ worked for a decade at the Physics-Ener­ Whereas Bill LaMotta composed the tune ine detente with the Soviet Union. Tur­ getics Institute at Obninsk, an atomic re­ and wrote the lyrics for "Let's Tramp To­ chin is not a radical nor a revolutionary. search center about 80 miles southwest of gether", which was played by all bands par­ But in the Soviet system even criticism Moscow. ticipating in the recent and altogether suc­ by moderates is punished. In 1964, still on the rise, he was trans­ cessful tramp down Main Street on St. The article follows: ferred to the Institute of Higher Mathema­ Thomas; and tics headed by Mstislav V. Keldych, president Whereas the Department of Conservation SAKHAROV'S FRIEND CANNOT F'IND WORK: TUR­ of the Academy of Sciences. Mr. Turchin and Cultural Affairs pubUclv honored Wilbur CHIN, A PHYSICIST, Is HELD POLITIC AL!. Y visited Hungary in 1961 and Yugoslavia in "Bill" LaMotta in January, 1974, through UNRELIABLE 1967. concerts held in St. Thomas, St. John and (By Hedrick Smith) But by 1973, with his dissent known at St. Croix, by the Hampton Institute Sym­ Moscow, November 16.-Valentin F. Tur­ the institute, he .was no longer allowed to phony Orchestra, of which Bill LaMotta is chin is a physicist and mathematician who travel abroad and discretion prompted him an alumni; and has worked in prestigious Soviet scientific to shift to work in systems control at the Whereas Bill LaMotta has dedicated his institutes. But today he sits at home without Building Institute, where he was made head rare talents over the years to the accom­ work because he has "a wolf's ticket," which of a laboratory. Then came his defense of plishment of elevating West Indian folk means he is politically unemployable. Mr. Sakharov. music to a classical art form, and has com­ Just over a year ago, at the peak of the "It is better for him to sit at home than posed several widely accepted and acclaimed press campaign against the physicist Andrei sit in jail," remarked a. friend. "But still symphonic renditions in furtherance of that D. Sakharov, Mr. Turchin was one of a hand­ its miserable. No one knows how long it goal, including "The Last Bamboula", "Dawn ful of people who dared to defend Mr. will go on. Turchin himself does not know From A Window In Paradise" and "West Sakharov. what to do, and that is enough of an example Indian Portrait"; and Reprisals were not long in coming. Within for others." Whereas it is the will of this body that the days, the Communist party cell at the Cen­ outstanding achievements and tremendous tral Research Institute for Automatic Sys­ success of this talented musical artist and tems in the Building Industry organized a JOHN RHODES AN ABLE LEADER Virgin Islander be recognized through the meeting of the staff at which Mr. Turchin medium of this Resolution; Now, There­ and Aleksandr Gorlov, a friend of the writer fore, be it Aleksandr I. Solzhenitsyn, were denounced HON. SAM STEIGER Resolved by the Legislature of the Virgin by a string of speakers. Mr. Turchin was de­ OF ARIZONA Islands: moted from chief of laboratory to the post IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Section 1. That Wilbur (Bill) LaMotta is of senior research associate, with a cut in hereby honored and congratulated for his pay. Thursday, November 21, 1974 outstanding achievements in the field of In March, Mr. Gorlov was dismissed. In July, Mr. Turchin was dismissed. His im­ Mr. STEIGER of Arizona. Mr. Speaker, music, for utilizing his musical genius to I would like to call to my colleagues at­ the immeasurable enrichrr_ent of the Virgin mediate superiors had praised his scientific Islands and Virgin Islanders, and for his un­ work for which he was widely respected but tenion a recent article which appeared in paralleled contribution not only to the crea­ under "social behavior" in his institute rec­ the A1izona Republic. In my view, Mr. tion but to the dissemination of West Indian ord, Mr. Turchin was given bad marks. Ben Cole, its author, fairly and accur- November 21, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37021' ately relates the role that our distin­ By the time Republicans confer next Janu­ ing the FBI, the CIA, the Department o:r guished minority leader has played ary to select their leaders, Rhodes' position Justice, and the fears of every card-carrying among his fellow Republicans will be sturdy document-classifier in the Federal govern­ during the past year. Also, I cannot fault enough to Withstand a challenge from Peyser ment the benefit of the doubt over citizens the projections he has made for the or anyone else. who pay the bills to keep this gigantic estab­ future-p.articularl_y his prediction that But the next two years will confront Rhodes lishment in business. Mr. RHODES will withstand any challenge with his most severe test. He wlll be leading The House and Senate had agreed to these that might be generated to unseat him Republicans who may not always want to amendments to the Freedom of Information as minority leader. Mr. Cole's article go where he is he·aded, and he will be work­ Act and their compromise passed the House follows: ing against the biggest Democratic majority with only two dissenting votes, the Senate in Congress since the days of Franklin unanimously only to be vetoed by the man [From the Arizona Republic, Nov. 10, 1974] Roosevelt. who had promised an "open administration." RHODES FACES TEST OF PARTY LEADERSHIP Keeping his constituency in the House of Here are some of the improvements in the (By Ben Cole) Representatives, and at the same time main­ Freedom of Information Act which were tor­ WASHINGTON.-It isn't likely that young taining his position with the constituents pedoed by the Presidential veto: liberals such as Rep. Peter Peyser, R-N.Y., wl1o sent him here will be a tough job for Fees for searching and copying public rec­ will unseat House Minority Leader John J. Rhodes. ords would be limited to the government's Rhodes, R-Ariz. It could be asking too much of the con­ actual costs and the information would be But Peyser's predictable press conference gressmen-constituents of his House leader­ provided free of charge to the press. last week, where he called for Rhodes' re­ ship to understand his problems. And his Courts could requiie government agencies placement, is indication of the type of lead­ constituents at home will never appreciate which lose Freedom of Information cases to ership problems that will confront Rhodes the subtleties of his actions and the value pay reasonable attorney fees and court costs. in the 94th Congress. of his leadership position. Government agencies which have been It has been observed with heavy emphasis, Late House Speaker Sam Rayburn enjoyed withholding investigative files even after an particularly in the Eastern press, that the a "safe" district in Texas that reelected him investigation is completed could continue to Republicans who survived the Tuesday endlessly, without worry. Former Speaker withhold information only if disclosure actu­ debacle were primarily moderates-to-liberals. John McCormack of Massachusetts and the ally would interfere with an investigation or In South Dakota, for example, Larry late former Speaker Joe Martin, also of Mas­ trial. Pressler, 32, was one of only fou:r Repub­ sachusetts, both enjoyed unbreakable tenure Courts could direct the Civil Service Com­ to the last. And Speaker Carl Albert of Okla­ mission to hold hearings to determine the licans to defeat an incumbent Democratic homa is the undisputed longevity champion congressman. Pressler's campaign was liberal. punishment of the government employee re­ He called for President Nixon's impeachment from his state. sponsible for "arbitrary and capricious" As John Rhodes fights his party's battles on withholding. (despite having worked for Henry Kissinger), the House floor and keeps a worried eye on and he criticized President Ford's pardoning Persons seeking public records would need his constituency at home, he will have rea~ to "reasonably describe" the information of Nixon. As he put it himself, he ran an son to envy these former speakers. "idealistic" campaign. they sought instead of providing detailed Rhodes has been aware of mounting pres­ descriptions. sure from the liberal wing of his party work­ An entire government file could not be ing through the agony of Watergate and withheld if part of the file could be reason­ into the present inflation-recession situation. THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ably segregated and made public. As early as May, Rhodes daringly suggested ACT All present and future government-con­ resig,nation might be an option Nixon would trolled cdrporations, such as the Postal Serv­ have to consider. The reaction from within ice, would be covered by the Freedom of In­ his party was vocal. Even in his own district formation Law. Rhodes was criticized for what now sounds HON. CHARLES WILSON Each government agency would have to like a rather modest statement. OF TEXAS file an annual report with Congress on its Rhodes survived the landslide that wiped IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES stewardship of the Freedom of Information out so many of his troops. He survived Law, including the identity of each govern­ despite a challenge from a third party candi­ Thursday, November 21, 1974 ment employee responsible for each denial. date who surely drained away some conserva­ Mr. CHARLES WILSON of Texas. Mr. It is difficult to understand why any rea­ tive voters who might have voted for Rhodes. sonable person could object to these amend­ Speaker, Gerald Ford began his admin­ ments and if we don't stand up for our l'ights Fortunately, Rhodes will return to wash­ istration with a promise of openness and ington to preside over his minority through to "open government" we will see these the balance of the lame duck session. His candor. yet yesterday the House was rights eroded away day by day. · presence will give his colleagues an oppor­ forced to override his veto of a bill de­ If you feel President Ford's veto should be tunity to refresh their memories about the signed to shine light into the dark cor­ overridden, write Sen. John Tower, 142 Old style Rhodes employs in leading them. ners of Government secrecy. Senate Office Building, Sen. .Lloyd Bentsen, For one thing, no party has had a more The Freedom of Information Act gen­ 420 Old Senate Office Building and Rep. considerate leader. Rhodes never deals heavily erated an enormous and spontaneous Charles Wilson, 1209 Longworth Building, all with his fellow Republicans. He respects outpouring of support from concerned in Washington, D.C. 20510. them as individuals who are capable of think­ individuals, consumer groups, and count­ The Herald-Press feels strongly the veto ing out their own problems. should be decisively overridden. In the Wild days of presidential transition, less other organizations. Of all the sup­ Rhodes preserved an amazing calm. He stuck porters, however, the Nation's newspa­ his neck out for his colleagues by refusing pers have been the most vocal and the until the last moment to commit himself most eloquent in their defense of the act. WORLD FOOD DEBACLE either for or against impeachment of Nixon. Newspapers-our daily embodiment of For his own good, Rhodes might have quickly the :first amendment-almost unversally taken a stand against removing the Presi­ condemned the President's veto, just as HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK dent-a position that would have been popu­ lar with his own constituency at the time. I am sure they will applaud the House OF OHIO Rhodes quickly took a position against and Senate for rejecting it. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Palestine Herald-Press, one of the Nixon as soon as Nixon revealed his part in Thursday, November 21, 1974 the watergate cover-up. Rhodes did not, most widely read east Texas dailies, car­ thereby, improve his position at home. He ried an excellent editorial on the subject Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, the did, however, provide a safe harbor for his on October 30, which I submit now for United Nations World Food Conference Republican colleagues who could refer their reprinting in the RECORD. has :finally come to an end. The proceed­ leader's position as their own. The Senate is considering the veto at ings of this meeting can only be de­ A party leader enjoys prestige and a limousine. He pays for it through extra this very moment-the issues dealt with scribed as disgusting. work, sleepless,nights, endless travel and in­ in the Herald-Press are sure to be at the Rather than effectively dealing with gratitude from his fellow partisans and from heart of the debate: the problem of hunger, the world dele­ his constituents. [From the Palestine (Tex.) Herald-Press, gates spent most of their time denounc­ As a congressional politician, Rhodes is Oct. 30, 1974] ing the United States. In speech after able and deft. He had the minority leader­ PROTECTING PUBLIC's RIGHT TO KNOW speech-especially those of the Commu­ ship cinched a year ago, almost before his Mr. John Q. Citizen has been "had" again. nist and third world nations-the dele­ predecessor, Gerald Ford, had reached the Veto by President Gerald Ford of H.R. gates assailed the United States as some­ White House East Room to be named Vice 12471, Freedom of Information Act Amend­ how being the chief culprit for their President-designate. ments, means the White House is still giv- difficulties. 37022 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, 1974 The Conference quickly turned into a GLENSIDE WOMAN'S WORK RE­ the Church of St. Mary of the Angels in the hate-America session as delegate after SULTS IN FREEDOM FOR SIMAS Williamsburg section. delegate charged that the United States KUDIRKA The new evidence changed the picture is to blame for the food shortages. And completely. It meant that Kudirka's mother their solution? Americans simply must 1s an American citizen, with all the righThe times have brought on the need for building one like this in Tunica and a couple man with short hair slightly graying. "We gins like that. I can remember when field­ af others in other places, so I don't know worked four men to a press--two to shove hands picked all the cotton and brought it where we stand now. But I think we could and two to tie. And we had a pretty fast to us ginners in mule-drawn wagons. And still lay claim to being the most attractive gin-seven to eight bales an hour. Let me that wasn't that long ago, either. But you gin anywhere." tell you, them bales could get mighty heavy, never see the mule-drawn wagons any more. Part of the neatness is due to federal air­ along about the end of the day." You don't see any fieldhands to speak of, pollution regulations, which prevent ginners Although he still works at the same job, either, because of the government's mini­ from littering the air with cotton lint. Adams' talk of hard work is in the past tense, mum wage. Cotton men are being forced "At my old gin, you'd see trash blowing nowadays. For, although he still mans a into high-capacity ginning-you've got to everywhere," says Peeler. "But not here." cotton press, the one at which he works pro-duce more in less time, with fewer people "We've got air-pollution equipment that these days is unlike any he ever saw before. involved. Very soon, a gin like mine-like all cost us $40,000 or more," says Thomas. ''I'm Or ever even imagined. the old ones in this part of the country­ not sure exactly how much, because the price For the press at which he works today is won't be feasible any more, and that's sort wa.c; included in the over-all bill." like something out of future generations. of sad, in a way. That bill ran on up to $2 million, Thomas And it is but one part of the ultra-modern "It's not that this new-fangled gin pro­ says, including the trailers, 100 of which may Tennessee Gins, Inc.-a huge, year-old in· duces any better cotton, you see. I'd put my be stored under five outdoor sheds. And the dustry on the north side of Covington, on gin up against theirs any time, for grade of two warehouses have enough space to stack 22 sprawling acres ofi Highway 51. cotton. But amount of cotton-well, that's and store 8,000 to 10,000 bales of cotton in His work is no longer hard, his hours­ where the difference is." each. thanks to split shifts--no longer long. After Jimmy Peeler agrees completely. To grasp the enormity of the operation, years of literally back-breaking labor, Jesse "The quality of the cotton does not vary one may check comparative figures. At W. E. Adams now sits and watches a machine all that much at all," he says. "This gin pro­ Lamb's gin in Mississippi (a gin, incidentally, day. duces the same quality cotton, just at a considered to be one of the "modern" ones No one need shove. No one need tie. The much higher capacity. Volume is the word, not very long ago) , two motors run the machine does all that, humming efficiently to stay in the competitive market, and you works. Total horsepower required is 259. and moving swiftly, compressing cotton into sure can't do that \\'ith the old gins." The 75 motors which keep the Covington neat and tidy bales and even spitting binding But a major part of the story of the new gin jumping use 2,476Y:z horsepower. straps of metal around each bale. gin ts the fact that it holds an attraction for Lamb's gin has been known to produce Adams? He just sits and watches. keeping those who know little or nothing about the 3,000 bales of cotton in a good season. The his index finger poised for "emergencies" cotton industry. Whereas the main purpose Covington gin-which has an intended ca­ which never seem to oocur. If something of any self-respecting gin in the past was pacity of an average of 25 bales per hour should go wrong with the machine, you see, purely functional in nature, the buildings every 24 hours and has the capacity to gin 35 it is Adams' task to push a button which and grounds of the Covington operation bales an hour-ginned 11,640 bales last year shuts off the press. That's all. One finger. have been designed and landscaped to make and is expected to top 12,000 this year. One button. The Age of Automation has them-if not the most scenic site in West Mechanization also has reduced greatly the arrived for Jesse Adams, fully and finally. Tennessee--at least the best-looking cotton number of workers needed. From an average gin. "When you work at it as long as I have of 28 men at each of the three gins owned and see something like this-why, it's amaz­ Gold metal buildings with white rooves by the four men, the new gin requires only ing,'' he says, "I probably would have lived have replaced the corrugated, silvery tin of 22 employes-two 11-man crews. the old gins. Neatness is a watchword with to be 100, if they'd had this all along. "We use more men outside than we do in­ "Me and Malcolm Burnett, we work the none of the traditional greasy spare parts side,'' says Thomas. two shifts on this job. I've had several op­ visible anywhere inside the gin. And it so happened that the brother-in­ Part of the reason for that is that the gin erations for spinal trouble, and he's just had still uses the conventional "suclt pipes." a hernia operation, both of that caused by law of co-owner R. W. Anderson is Memphis architect 0. T. Marshall, designer of State rather than automatic loaders, to suction the old presses. If it weren't for this new kind cotton out of the trailers and into the dry­ of press, I couldn't have worked in the gin Technical Institute, among other works. So the main office building at the gin was de­ ers. But, after that, the machines ta,ke over, no more." activated by a central control panel that Covington's brand-new "push-button gin" signed artistically, featuring pine-paneled offices With stereo speakers, paintings on the would do Mission Control in Houston proud. has gained a sizable share of attention since Carried by jets of air, the cotton whirs it was opened last cotton season. It has even walls, plush sofas and chairs and wall-to­ wall carpeting. rapidly through the various pre-cleaning had its share of controversy, with a legal and drying processes, through the gin stands, hassle over a Tipton County Court decision The landscaping includes patches of well­ manicured lawn and rows of saplings here the lint-cleaners and on to the press. And to use public funds to run a paved road from what few people there are around are safe, the highway to the gin, replacing a graveled and there. But, just so folks won't forget where they are, there is one touch that is thanks to glass-windowed shields which en­ quagmire as archaic in appearance as the gin close all pulleys and other movable parts of is modern. readily observable. In an island area next to the cotton gin, where a row of shrubbery or the machines. But most of the attention toward the gill. The finished product (some of which is has been far less volatile, coming from visi­ flowers ordinarily would be planted, there grows a row of cotton. bound for foreign ports) is a "high.-density" tors who, in turn, have come from all over bale of cotton, 20 inches by 28 inches by 54 the world. Like pilgrims, cotton men from "That's our own private cotton patch," says inches in size and 480 to 550 pounds in foreign lands have flocked to Tipton County Peeler. "As for the gold because that's w11.at weight. The exact weight is determined by a to gaze upon the fabulous operation going we're interested in-making money!" special pre-setting of the press on each load on within the glittering, gold-tinted metal According to L. C. Thomas, another of the of cotton. Because cotton ts sold by the walls of Tennessee Gins. partners, the gin and other buildings could pound, not the bale, the weight-per-bale is 37026 EXTENSIONS OF R:EMARKS November 21, 1974 calculated upon pre-weighing to make maxi­ there won't be much to laugh about. Not farming and the housewife will pay for it in mum utilization of each load of cotton. In with inflation. And not on the House Agricul­ a closed market." that way, a load of 1,000 pounds of cotton ture Committee where Jones wlll try to get Jones deplores the moving of rural can be packed into two 500-pound bales­ more for the farmer without provoking the citizenry to the big cities, which he blames not two 480-pound bales, with 40 pounds wrath of the consumer. for many of the urban problems, and the left over. The immediate task of the commit tee, he growth of farming conglomerates. After pressing, each bale is wheeled away said, is to raise target prices on farm prod­ Jones says the United States should not be on a cart to a platform with rollers, upon ucts. That's the price the government agrees made responsible for feeding the world's which it is wrapped in polyethylene bags, to pay if the market price ever drops below poor. Other nations have to do more, he said. instead of the traditional jute or burlap cov­ it. In effect, subsidies. Although rumors abound that Butz is due erings. The plastic bags, says Peeler, not Jones, as chairman of the poultry and to be replaced, Jones thinks he will stay. He's only are lighter, they also are more protec­ dairy subcommittee, particularly want s milk not sure a new secretary would change the tive of the cotton inside, in shipping. support prices raised, about nine cents a gal­ administration's philosophy on agriculture Another machine which helps keep the lon, but the outlook is bleak. anyway. With that, he admits to some disillu­ cotton looking nice is an automatic sampler, "Everybody's scared. They're looking at it sionment with President Ford on several which mechanically snitches portions of the from the political standpoint only," he said. issues. cotton lint from throughout each bale as it The scandals over campaign contributions "He made the pardon so early. Everything is being pressed. This prevents having to from milk producers are nnw hurting them, politically he did wrong for my Republican tear a sample off the outer edge of the fin­ he said. Jones, hims-lf, relied heavily on dairy colleagues. Why did he do what he did? ... ished bale and also provides a better idea contributions, but he points out he repre­ for amnesty? ... for the tax increase?" Jones of the over-all makeup of the bale, all the sen ts a dairy a.rea. said. way through. "Unless some relief is granted for dairy­ Jones ticked off five or six Republican So easy is it to cover the heavy bales that m.en-either a decrease in the cost of products members on the Agriculture Committee that the job is handled by two women at Ten­ to make milk out of it, or unless the secre­ were defeated. He said he got along well on nessee Gins. And Jesse Adams, who sits near­ tary of agriculture can raise supports-we'll both sides of the aisle and regrets to see by while these two women work, doesn't be faced this time next year with a milk some of the good Republican colleagues go. have to lift a finger to help them. shortage," Jones said. But the Democratic landslide in the House There's no need to, of course. And besides, Unlike 1973, this was not a good year for propelled Jones higher on the seniority list. Jesse has got to keep his finger on constant the farmer, and especially milk and beef When the 93rd Congresss began two years alert, should that button of his ever need producers. Bad weather and shortages of fer­ ago, he was 307th. Now he's under 200, Jones pushing. tilizer cut into production, grain prices said, and eighth on both the agriculture and It just might, maybe, one of these days. soared, da.irymen started selling out and beef administration committees. producers sold their meat lean, unable to pay With that, he discounts rumors, perhaps for fattening the cattle. from possible opponents in 1976, that he is "All the grain prices are good, but they're thinking of retiring. ED JONES ARGUES THE CASE too high to put into a milk cow. A pound of "I'm just now getting to where I can do FOR THE FARMERS corn is as expensive as a pound of mille," some good," Jones said. Jones said. He stops to take a call from Washington. Some dairymen have responded by publicly He has to bid for congressional office space. HON. DAVID R. BOWEN killing their calves, a step Jones deplores. That move up in seniority entitles Jones to a OF MISSISSIPPI Others have sold out. Others have or may go move up in offices, too. broke, he said. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In Minnesota alone, he said 3,188 farms Thursday, November 21, 1974 have gone out of business. He predicts more failures around February when federal loans Mr. BOWEN. Mr. Speaker, our good become due. JAKE L. HAMON: GOLD MEDAL friend and colleague from Tennessee, the More typical, Jones said, are calls saying, Honorable En JoNES, has been an effec­ "Ed, I failed. My corn is not what it should tive Congressman, working quietly and be and my soybeans-I'm getting half­ HON. JAMES M. COLLINS responsibly on behalf of his constitu­ bushels where I expected two bushels. I need OF TEXAS some help." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ents and the Nation. I am privileged to If they can get a loan, or have saved from serve on the Agriculture Committee with last year, they can ride it through, Jones Thursday, November 21, 1974 En JONES and on his Dairy and Poultry said. Subcommittee, and I can speak first­ If the farmers are so bad off, then why is Mr. COLLINS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, hand on his dedication and outstanding the price of food so high? everyone calls him Jake. For a man to service. Speculators, middlemen and chain stores win the gold medal from the American I am pleased that he is receiving public make a lot of it, Jones said. Testimony last Petroleum Institute you would expect recognition for his work here, and I want year from consumer groups indicated chain something more formal than the name stores make up their loss items with high Jake. to share with the other Members of Con­ meat prices, Jones said. gress this article which appeared recently But Jones blamed most of the increases on But the great strength of Jake L. in the Memphis Commercial Appeal. You the use of prepared foods and items like "TV" Hamon is the fact that he is just plain can tell from reading it that En JoNES dinners. On an infrequent shopping trip in Jake and that is what he has been all calls the shots as he sees them, and he washington recently, Jones said, he saw a of his life. is a good example for our newly elected woman check out with $50.63 worth of gro­ In presenting the award for distin­ colleagues who will be joining us in Janu­ ceries. The only staple commodity was five­ guished achievement at the annual meet­ pound bag of sugar. ing of API in New York last week, this ary to emulate. The article, entitled "Ed The Jonses, by the way, drive back to Jones Argues the Case for the Farm~r." Washington with a load of vegetables from outstanding group of leaders saluted reads as follows: their Yorkville farm. Jake L. Hamon. It is more of a recog­ [From the Memphis Commercial Appeal, Secretary of Agriculture Earl Butz is due nition to the oil business, itself. It is be­ Nov. 15, 1974] some criticism for the farm and food situa­ cause Jake represents the dynamic spirit Eo JONES ARGUES THE CASE FOR THE FARMERS tion, Jones said. that built the oil industry in America. Butz urged farmers into production on (By James W. Brosnan) Jake's company is simply called Jake land previously set aside, and then allowed L. Hamon operating as an independent YORKVILLE, TENN.-Congressman Ed Jones ·fertilizer that was needed for them set aside oil and gas producing company located leaned over his desk and handed out a flat, to be sold abroad.' The massive Soviet grain round, copper object, sized somewhere be­ in Dallas, Tex. Jake grew up in Oklahoma deals then depleted U.S. reserves, leaving and entered the oil business at age 18 tween a pinhead and a nailhead. grain prices vulnerable to a bad crop. "It's a Republican penny," the Seventh when his father died and he needed to District Democrat said with a la'l:gh. Jones believes we should maintain at least support the family. During the 54 years It was a few days after the Nov. 5 election a half-year's reserve to stabilize the grain market . Some government control is needed, that Jake Hamon has been in the oil and Jones was in a good mood. He had coast­ business, he has drilled a lot of dry holes. ed through the Democratic primary without he said, to protect the market, the consumer much trouble, had no Republican opposition and the small farmer. He has also brought in wildcats all over in the general election and could sit back "Butz is a salesman for the big farmer," the Southwest and has built up solid and savor the nationwide Democratic vic­ Jones said. "He believes in supply and production from New Mexico to tory. demand and volume production. Big farms Louisiana. Not for long, however. Particularly next do that more efficiently. But if we don't con­ I was particularly gratified to see the week when he retut·ns to Washington, where trol agricult ure, we're headed for corporate API choose Jake Hamon as their gold N ovembe'r 2'1, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37027 medal winner of the year. Most all of the retan cuts, and less than 2 ounces actually being forced into bankruptcy. Cow herds are past recipients have been heads of major cooked trimmed and consumed-just one starting through a stage of large scale and half of one hamburger per day. rapid liquidation. King sized price spreads oil companies but the great strength and Misconception No. 2. Beef Consumption or price mark-ups between. the feed lot and driving spirit within petroleum has come Is Declining.-Beef consumption dropped the consumer are· considerably wider than .from the independents. Jake Hamon per­ slightly last year because of lack of avan­ required to cover costs plus a reasonable sonifies this aggressive. courageous, far­ ability. This year consumption was up 4 per­ profit because of lllegal market manipula­ sighted spirit of independents. cent the first eight months, and consumers tion and racketeering especially in the big But Jake Hamon is more than an out­ paid as much or more per pound than the metropolitan areas. standing oilman. He is one of the best all time high record price. Price spread 1s paid for by the producer citizens that we have in the South. He is Misconception No. 3. Grain Fed Beef Is A and/or the consumer. a most generous giver and hard worker Costly Luxury.-Qnly 2 to 3 pounds of grain Misconception No. 9. Feed Lots Are Not is used to produce the average pound of beef Needed Because They Waste Grain.-Feed in support of everything from univer­ consumed in this country. Grain 1s used as lots double and triple beef production and sities to hospitals to culture. If it is good a finishing ration to improve beef quality. greatly improve eating and keeping quali­ for Dallas, if it helps Texas, if it means Our 138 million head of cattle could be ties. Grain fed beef has a. much longer shelf more to our country, Jake Hamon reaches compared to a huge labor force that works life than grass beef without becoming stale deep and always sets the pace. around the clock every day of the year in­ during the transporting, aging and storing His record of service to the oil in­ cluding Sundays and holidays and without processes. dustry is a legend. Jake Hamon has been strikes or lock outs. in converting a much Misconception No. 10. There Is Not Much larger tonnage of raw material into a finished Difference In The Eating QuaUties Of The president of the National Stripper Well product than all other industries combined. Different Grades Of Beef.--Graln fed beef is Association, the Dallas Wildcat Commit­ Hundreds of millions of acres of grass lands much more tender, juicy and pala.table than tee, the Dallas Petroleum Club, the Texas and crop land by-p1·oducts would be wasted grass beef. Steaks served a.t a good restau­ Mid-Continent Oil and Gas Association, without C8ittle. rant 1s an example of grain fed beef. Roast and the General Mid-Continent Oil and Misconception No. 4. We Need To Stop beef served at a cheap restaurant is usually Gas Association. He has received the Wasting Grain By Feeding It To Livestock grass beef. Roughneck Award. In addition, he has So That We can Feed Hungry a.nd Starving Agriculture, as we have known it in this been on the executive committee of the People In Other Natlons.-The USA ts envted country, wm be destroyed if the consuming around the world for emctency in food' pro­ public is erroneously led into believing the American Petroleum Institute continu­ duction. No other nation has come close to above misconceptions. We wlll then be in ously since 1938. He was chairman of the equalling the United States in variety, qual­ the same fix as other nations. namely; short board of APL ity, or quantity of food produced. Th1a was of food and asking for help. If I want advice on the oil business as accomplished by having a free enterprise The United States has already done much to its present, past, or future,_ I look for system and by combining livestock wttb the more to allevia.te hunger around the world the opinion of JakeL. Hamon. He gives production of grain crops. Communist a.nd than any other n81tion. This ts because we you the honest viewpoint of what is good dictator countries around the world are hun­ have a highly emc~nt. and well balanced for the country and how to keep moving gry !or meat and short of other food. They agriculture that combines livestock with the are the ones that are crying for help. If they production of gra.in crops. ahead. are sincere in stopping hunger they should Agricultural market conditions over the Today, America faces an energy chal­ do just Uke we have done. The fact that past several months has forced many young lenge. The answer rests with men of ac­ we ship fann products to foreign countries livestock farmers out of business. Many tion, and for leadership on the move, is no guarantee that it wm reach the needy more have been disc.ouraged from starting. there is not a better man than Jake L. and starving people. The average fa.rmer is about 60 years old. It Hamon. Misconception No. 5. Farmers Should Raise is high time the consumer started to think Grain And Not Feed Livestock.-This plan about just who 1s going to be around to pro• would immediately throw the grain farmer duce food in the immediate future. TEN into bankruptcy. Without livestock the sur­ Total food production in the USA would MISCONCEPTIONS HURTING plus of grain in this country would be much ta.ke a. drastic drop if livestock feeding were THE CATTLE INDUSTRY larger than any time ln history. Gra.tn would eliminated from agriculture. sell at fire sale prices because we produce much more grain than needed to satisfy HON. ROBERT PRICE foreign demand-much more than our OF TEXAS transportation system could ship out of the HANDICAPPED AND FLIGHT SAFETY IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES country. Export demand for wheat now is Thursday, November 21, 1974 only moderate with ff!,rmers holding most of the 1974 erop. HON. GEORGE M. O'BRIEN Mr. PRICE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I Misconception 6. People Are Over Weight 011' ILLINOIS Because They Eat Too Much Beef.-Beef is recently received the following informa­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion, compiled by Mr. M. J. Hankins of commonly featured in reducing diets. The Stanton, Nebr., from the Independent equivalent of half a hamburger a day, our Thursday, November 21~ 1974 average per capita. consumption per da.y, Beef Producers of America concerning never made anybody over weight. Mr. O'BRIEN. Mr. Speaker, I would the current barrage of misinformation Misconception No. 6. Fat Beef Can Be In­ like to share with my colleagues two re­ being :fired at the American consumer jurtous To Your Health.-There is no con­ cent articles regarding air transportation about the cattle industry. The points clusive sctentl.fic evidence that beef fat for handicapped persons. One appeared brought out by Mr. Hankins have seri­ causes a build up of cholestrol or is injurious in the October issue of Washingtonian ously affected the cattle industry. I to health. There is abundant evidence, how­ magazine and the other in the Chicago wholeheartedly agree that correction of ever, that beef fat is highly nutritious and a Tribune. these misconceptions are necessary to very wholesome and valuable food produc'* when used as needed. The Federal Aviation Administration solve the tremendous problems the cattle Misconception No. 7. Foreign Countries recently published in the Federal Regis­ industry continues to face. Need Our Grains As A Source Of Protein.­ ter a notice of proposed rulemaking cov­ Mr. Hankins' information follows: All grains are low in protein except soybeans. ering a series of regulations that would PROPAGANDA ATTACK THREATENS CATTLE The crying need of many countries is for high substantially limit the right of handi­ INDUSTRY quality well balanced proteins of animal capped individuals to avail themselves (By M. J. Hankins) origin. The Japanese are known for being of air travel. short of stature. Since they started to use CONSUMERS EQUALLY CONCERNED more protein, including animal protein, It is my feeling, and that of many col­ A very vicious national propaganda. attack, their chlldren grow much taller and much leagues,. that a better and fairer way of vital concern to all consumers and to all better developed physically. must be found to assm·e safety in air of agriculture and related industries, is being travel. Let us consider such aspects as launched against the livestock feeding busi­ Misconception No. 8. Beef Is Too High Priced.-The least important factor tn set­ better aircraft design and more effective ness. The purpose, evidently, is to save grain and appropriate training of flight per­ for shipment to other nations around the ting the price of beef to the housewife is world. This barrage of mis-information fea­ the cost of the original product. What sets sonnel rather than the concept of air tures such misconceptions as: the price is what the housewife is wfiling to safety in a negative manner by unjustly Misconception No. 1. We Are Eating Too pay. In the final analysis the housewife or denying air travel to one segment of our Much Beef.-We are now eating about 5 consumer sets the price. Beef is very cheap ·society. ounces of beef per person per day; carcass when it leaves the farm or feed lot; so cheap The FAA is now in the process of eval­ weigh t basis. This figures to 3 ounces; basis in fact that the catt le industry is rapidly uating the proposed rules. Hopefully, offi- 37028 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, 1974 cials there will realize their mistake and As the brief, hour-long :flight neared the permitted the physically deformed electronic set standards that will make it easier, end, both our forearms were turning numb genius of 50 years ago aboard because his not harder, for the handicapped to use from sitting like a Napoleonic grenadier brain had spawned the theory for much of astride an artillery caisson on parade. the wondrous gear that makes modern :flight air travel. As added protection, however, The ·slumbering fat man was immovable; safe? I have introduced legislation to amend the lady to starboard intimidating. And the Or would they have told him to get a the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 to pro­ rum-dum, women's-wear salesman across doctor's certificate·? vide that no physically handicapped in­ the aisle would be no help if the jet blew dividual shall be denied air transporta­ a tire on landing and tumbled off the run­ tion simply because of that handicap. way. Mr. Speaker, I herewith submit for in­ He was valiantly trying to scribble his SERVANTS IN SPACE clusion in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD the name and hotel number on a slip of paper following articles: for the stewardess who had just rejected his invitation to a private showing of his wares HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE [From the Washingtonian, October 1974] that evening. If the plane crashed, the ball­ THE HANDICAPPED WILL PLEASE TAKE THE Bus point pen in his hand would most likely OF TEXAS Anti-hijack legislation gave the captain become imbedded in his whisky-sour soaked IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the authority to keep people off his plane who brain. Thursday, November 21, 1974 may be an "endangerment to :flight." Re­ Ahead of us, a young mother shared three cently, an Eastern captain used that provi­ seats with two small children. She would Mr. TEAGUE. Mr. Speaker, every day sion to keep one Susanne Wyncoop, who is have her hands full on impact. The same the lives of every American citizen and paralyzed from the waist down, off a :flight held true for the elderly couple behind us. many people throughout the world are from Newark to Washington. Ms. Wyncoop The gentleman's eyeglasses were thick, prob­ being improved by the contributions be· wasn't a potential hijacker. In fact, she was ably the result of cataract surgery. The planeload of passengers, with evet•y ing made by the space program. In a re­ making the flight to testify before a Senate cent U.S. News & World Report article, subcommittee investigating proposed FAA seat occupied six abreast with a narrow regulations concerning handicapped people aisle between, was ordinary for the airborne dated July 1974, it summarizes a number on airliners. rush-hour between two major cities. It was of the direct benefits that we receive The proposals, which have raised a howl like many others we had witnessed since the from the NASA orbital satellite program. of protest from legislators, organizations for energy crunch caused a reduction of flights This same article also outlines a number the handicapped, and the public, would pre­ and the luxury of having empty seats in of scientific contributions being made vent a handicapped person from :flying unless coach became a thing of the past. through satellite research. I am includ· he has a travelling companion or a note from There were probably cardiacs and di­ ing this article in the RECORD as a suc­ his doctor saying he won't clutter up the abetics and perhaps a mental misfit or two aboard. Perfectly healthy people, too. A cinct summary of the importance of our aisles after a plane crash. The proposals have national space program and urge its been largely supported by the airline in­ typical cross-section of the flying American dustry and flight crew organizations. The public. reading to my colleagues and the general official excuse is safety cqnsiderations. In So we cite this :flight only as an example public: truth, the airlines could use the additional of what airlines encounter hundreds of SERVANTS IN SPACE: SATELLITES BECOME A revenue generated by all those travelling times a day across the United States in a PART OF DAILY LIFE companions. Flight attendant unions have society in which aviation has become the Hardly anyone pays attention these days long sought to promote the image of the primary mode of long distance travel. If when a space vehicle goes rocketing off into stewardess as the "passenger's lifeline to you don't :fly, you just don't get around. the Florida sky. Yet, with regularity, they safety" on the theory that airborne safety The air carriers maintain :flight is one of do--more than 700 launchings since the star·t specialists have a better image and bargain­ the safest means of locomotion. Statistics of the Space Age 17 years ago. ing power than a glorified :flying waitress. back them up. For the most part, commercial Taken for granted, too, is the fact that So keeping the country's 13 million handi­ airline cabin crews are well trained, compe­ unmanned satellites have turned the exotic capped from flying, or imposing economical tent to react in an emergency. business of space exploration into a tool that ·burdens on them is considered necessary on Yet today, the Federal Aviation Admin· serves people in the U.S. and the world: the off chance that a paraplegic might get istration is considering a set of proposals weather maps snapped from 22,300 miles in In the way during an airplane accident. that would condemn the estimated 33 mil· space • • • phone calls from Washington to Conveniently ignored is the argument that lion Americans with physical handicaps to Peking via space orbiters .•. newscasts, with drunks, pregnant women, kids, dead people, the status of second-class citizens, with their film transmitted via satellites halfway luggage, wreckage, and panic-stricken right to free and unencumbered travel around the world. healthy passengers might prove as much sharply restricted. Other satellites are providing scientists a problem. Presumably, the proposals are based on a with their first comprehensive pictures meas• The flight restrictions on the handicapped genuine concern for the safety of the handi­ uring the extent of air and water pollution, are bad, the FAA should throw them out. capped and their fellow passengers, although of strip mining and urban sprawl. And in an One aviation PR official inadvertently sum­ we suspect some carriers would just as soon age of energy and materials shortages, the med up a possible motivation for keeping not bother accommodating a crippled polio satellite is being harnessed to help geologists the handicapped off airliners when he urged victim or a paraplegic who has to get some­ explore for resources in regions uninhabited me to see the problem firsthand: "You really where quick. In fairness, however, some by man. should go down to an airport sometime and airlines bend over backwards to lend a help­ Other wide-ranging experiments are under watch a paraplegic on an airplane. They cause ing hand. way to unravel the mysterious relationship the :flight attendants a lot of trouble and The fact remains that under the pro­ between the sun and Earth-how solar energy work." posed FAA rules some with infirmities would plays a role in creating the Earth's weather, be denied :flight unless accompanied by an It's a long list of accomplishments. attendant. On these pages you get a closer look at how [From the Chicago Tribune, October 1974] Others would be required to produce a applications of satellites become part of day• INFLIGHT THOUGHTS ON AIRLINE SAFETY current physician's statement attesting to to-day life in America. their ability to evacuate an aircraft with­ ATS: "MosT VERSATILE EvER" (By Bob Wiedrich) out help. a costly provision at today's medical While crammed into the center throne of fees. One of the latest in America's array of a row of three seats aboard a jet slipping The handicapped maintain they are more spacecraft is the Applications Technology into Minneapolis recently, we started pon­ safety and survival oriented than many of Satellite. It will bring education and med­ dering the prospects of survival if something their able-bodied counter-parts, that the ical help to remote parts of the United States went awry. very nature of their disability makes them during the coming year. A space-agency offi­ On our left, a large fat man slumped act rather than react to an emergency. Cer­ cial describes ATS as "the most complex, ver­ tainly, they declare, they need no more at­ satile and powerful communications space­ snoring, his thick thighs jammed sardine­ craft ever developed." like into the seat, his feet entangled in the tention than a boisterous drunk, riotous Launched from Cape Canaveral on May 30, straps of a canvas :flight bag on the floor. children, or an amorous salesman in hot the ATS already is charting new paths in a The pungent scent of juniper berries drift­ pursuit of a pretty skirt. wide range of experiments. During its first ing from his open mouth testified to a long We personally would rather be confronted year in orbit-22,300 miles above Earth­ cocktail hour between planes at O'Hare by someone on crutches than that bombed­ this spacecraft will be used to beam special Field. out slob sprawled next to us on the :flight educational programs to sparsely populated To the right, a.n equally portly lady sat to Minneapolis. It would really have taken areas in the Rocky Mountains, Appalachia grimly scrunched against the window. She us into eternity to awaken him. and Alaska. Later it will be repositioned in was sober. But a big leather purse contain­ As the plane rolled safely to a stop, we space to provide a similar service to India. ing knitting on her lap effectively locked her wondered how well the late Charles Stein­ In the Rocky Mountain experiment, 56 into an uncomfortable posture from which metz might have fared on an airliner under rural schools in eight States will have equip­ only a giant shoe horn could extricate her. the proposed FAA rules. Would they have Ulent to receive a variety of classroon'l pro- November 2'1, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF R!EMARKS 37029 grams. Nearly 5,000 students and hundreds One "workhorse" weather probe is the A second ERTS satelllte wlll be ready tor of teachers, administrators and counselors Nimbus, a 1,700-pound laboratory that circles launch late this summer to replace ERTS 1 will be involved. Half the receiving sites wm the Earth in ·a polar orbit at an altitude o:t if it develops major problems. Space agency be equipped with two-way communication about 700 miles. planners, however, do not expect to send the potential, making possible live participation The latest of this Nimbus series-the first new craft into orbit until early in 1975. in seminars from such out-of-the-way towns of seven was launched in 1964-is capable of A number of other U.S. unmanned space­ as Cuba, N.M., Blanding, Utah, and Riverton, mapping temperatures at varying altitudes craft are now in orbit, working to gather Wyo. Community education programs also over the entire globe, twice daily. Its sensors more purely scientific information. will be offered on subjects ranging from al­ can see through clouds to get low-altitude Together, these scientific craft, as well as coholism to old-age and health care. measurements, previously impossible to ob­ the more practical ones, are providing a wide The experiment in Alaska will provide 18 tain on a regular basis. range of services. From globe-spanning news­ communities in remote areas, most of them Aid to shipping casts to discoveries of "black holes" beyond now with no TV reception of any kind, not the Mllky Way, the satellite has become a only with regular telecasts of network news Because the Nimbus can see through most ..::louds, its imagery is being widely used to tool to improve the quality of life and depth programs and Public Broadcast System pro­ of knowledge about man's environment. ductions but also with the two-way class­ map and track ice :flows in the Arctic and room education sessions. Antarctic regions. This adds several months to the use of these waters by commercial PROBING THE OuTERMOST REACHES OF THE The Alaska connection, in addition, is to UNIVERSE be used for a "telemedicine" experiment. shipping vessels. The Navy has described the Doctors in remote outposts will be able to mapping of icebergs as an "indispensable" Since 1958, more than 125 scientific probes consult directly with top specialists, trans­ service to the safe operation of many shipping have been sent into space. Some have traveled mitting patients' records and X rays and lanes. hundreds of millions of miles, sending back actually examining the patients before tele­ Using Nimbus data, scientists are able to close-up views of the planets Mars, Jupiter, vision cameras with live, two-way conversa­ construct daily maps of the Gulf Stream and Venus and Mercury. Other satellites have tion between the local doctors and big-city Humboldt Current-to the west of South focused their instruments on the Earth, the specialists. America. Variations in these currents can moon and the sun. In the "Lower 48" States, nine Veterans have dramatic effect on weather for hundreds Once outside the Earth's obscuring a.t­ Administration hospitals will be participat­ of miles inland. Nimbus reports have been mosphere, spacecraft carrying fine-tuned ing in their own experimental satellite pro­ used to gain an understanding of why no sensors have probed far beyond the solar gram. The ATS will provide live, interhos­ major hurricanes have struck the U.S. for system. They have verified the existence of pital exchange of medical data, patient case several years. such distant astronomical phenomenons as studies and in-service training seminars for In late May, the space agency launched the the starlike pulsars, quasars, and also "black doctors and medical staff. first of yet another type of weather station holes" that scientists hypothesize are stars Next summer, when the satellite is reposi­ in space-the Synchronous Meteorological in their death throes. tioned, it will provide more than 5,000 vil­ Satellite. This 1,400-pound spacecraft orbits Others have discovered and mapped in lages in India with daily classroom broad­ the Earth in a relatively fixed position above detail the Earth's magnetic spheres that ex­ casts in subjects ranging from mathematics the Equator, giving scientists a new picture tend out into space. to agriculture, family planning and hygiene. of temperatures and clouds over the U.S. ev­ Some outstanding examples­ The Applications Technology Satellite, ery 30 minutes. UHURU which costs about 200 million dollars, w111 From 22,300 miles above Earth, it also acts This Small Astronomy Satellite was also play a role in transmitting to ground as a communication center, relaying to a ground-control cente·r information on tides, launched in 1970. As a result of the data it stations television pictures beamed from has sent back, scientists have located more other satellites. river currents, wind velocity and rainfall from thousands of remote, unmanned sta­ than 200 sources of X-ray wave-length emis:­ COMMUNICATIONS "BmDS" tions around the globe. sions beyond the solar system. Prior to A network of commercial satel11tes provides launch, fewer than 30 of these sensors were a vital link between the U.S. and the rest of EARTH RESOURCES known. the world. More than half the telephone con­ Of all the recent satellite launches, none HEAO versations between Europe and North America has stirred more excitement in the scientific As a result of discoveries from Uhuru, offi­ today are carried via commercial communica­ community than the Earth Resources Tech­ cials at the National Aeronautics and Space tions satellites. nology Satelllte, known as ERTS. Administration are planning a series of High Many Americans have forgotten that just This 2,000-pound spacecraft, launched two Energy Astronomy Observatory missions to nine years ago there was no such thing as years ago, has opened whole new fields of probe the gamma rays and cosmic rays. Tight live television from abroad. All film taken in study of the Earth. By using a satelllte that budgets have pushed back the schedule for foreign lands for television had to be flown takes pictures of the land repeatedly in in­ this series to the late 1970s. back to the U.S. for broadcast. frared and other wave lengths, scientists have achieved "incredible applications," says LST The forerunner one scientist involved in the project. The Large Space Telescope, which is to be That has changed. The first commercial From 500 miles above Earth, ERTS has put into orbit in the early 1980s, will enable satellite, called Early Bird, was launched in provided the ray data from which scientists scientists to gaze deep into space-possibly 1965, linking the continents across the At­ have discovered polluters of air and water to the edge of the cosmos. This unmanned lantic Ocean. It could carry 240 simultaneous and taken them to court. telescope in Earth orbit should provide telephone conversations-more than double Boon to fanners astronomers with information about stars the capacity of the transatlantic cables of the which are 100 times fainter than those that day. Farmland of an entire State can be sorted can be seen by the most powerful ground­ Early Bird also carried the first live tele­ out by crop in a matter of days, giving accu­ based optical telescopes. rate inventories of food potential. Spread of vision broadcast between New York and Paris. RAB The price tag for that hour-long transmis­ crop diseases can be monitored precisely be­ sion was $22,350. Today, a 60-minute TV cause an unhealthy plant or tree shows up The Radio Astronomy Explorer satellite transmission via satelllte costs $5,120. as a different color on the picture than a launched in 1973 holds an orbit 680 miles There have been 17 launches since 1965. A healthy one. above the moon. It monitors low-frequency network of four advanced satellites-two over Geologists are exploring for oil, copper and radio signals from Jupiter, the sun and other the Atlantic, one each over the Pacific and othe:r metals by studying ERTS imagery o:t galaxies. From the first RAE satellite, which Indian oceans-carries a major portion of all Alaska, Oklahoma and the Rooky Mountains. was launched in 1968, astronomers were able international communications traffic from Biologists say it may be possible to detect to make a low frequency radio map of the mainland U.S. to Asia, Australia and Europe. declining populations of certain species of Milky Way. One of these Intelsat IV spacecraft can valuable marine life. oso transmit 4,000 simultaneous telephone con­ New maps are being drawn of the interior The Orbiting Solar Observatory satellites versations, plus television. The largest oceanic of Brazil, the coastline of Australia and parts have been a source of data on activity tak­ cable-brought into service in April, 1974- of Iran as photographs transmitted from ing place on the sun since 1962. This in­ carries a maximum of 1,840 conversations, outer space show old maps to be inaccurate. formation has become the basis for new but no TV. The cable costs about three times Changes in ecology caused by forest fires, theories on how solar activity influences the more than the 36-million-dollar satellite, but floods, earthquakes, strip mining, urban Earth's weather. lasts three times as long. sprawl can be plotted in a matter of days while it previously might have taken years. MARINER 10 WEATHER SATELLITE At the third annual ERTS symposium held Launched in late 1973, this space craft No tool, save perhaps the computer, has last December, more than 100 technical pa­ passed close by Venus and Mercury this past advanced the science of weather forecasting pers were presented on the diverse and in­ spring. Prior to the mission, scientists knew as rapidly as the satell1te. Since 1960, the novative ways this satellite's pictures can be little about Mercury and had only hazy United States has launched 23 of these space­ used. They ranged from assessing water pol­ photographs of its surface characteristics. craft into orbit for civilian use, providing the lution around New York City to detecting PIONEER 10 raw material for quantum jumps in accurate potential new zones of earthquake hazard in This spacecraft has journeyed to Mars and forecasting. populous areas. beyond. After launch in 1972, it traveled two 37030 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, 1974 years and 620 million mlles,-finally reaching of Munhall; Mayor James Armstrong of (7) Placed first in the 200 meters and sec-· Jupiter. Pioneer 11. launched in 1973, 1s Homestead; Rev. Msgr. George Vida, ond in the 100 meters at the Washington scheduled to pass by Jupiter later this year, D.C. championships-1967; pastor of St. Elias Church; Dr. Dennis (8) Was a finalist in the 100 and 20~ giving scientists a second close-in view of Detorok, Carnegie Mellon University; this giant of the solar system. meter events at the Central American and Stephen Szekely, president of St. Mar­ Caribbean Games in Panama-1970; and VIKING garet's Parish Council; the Very Rev­ Whereas Carl Plaskett was selected as a Scheduled for launch next summer, the erend Thomas Horner; Mr. Don Abra­ member of the Central American and Carib­ two Viking spacecraft are to orbit Mars and ham, president of Munhall Council; bean Track and Field Confederation Hall of each wlll send landers to the surface. The Fame for his outstanding performances at first landing is to coincide with the nation's Richard Olasz, West Miftlin councilman; meets sanctioned by that Confederation; Bicentennial, July 4, 1976. Mr. Sam Roy, Pennsylvania Democratic and committeeman, and the Reverend Fran­ Whereas Carl Plaskett is the only Virgin cis Plantes, pastor of Sts. Peter and Paul Islander who has been a medalist in inter­ Church. national track and field competition; and Whereas it is the sense of the Legislature ST. MARGARET'S MARKS GOLDEN that the outstanding accomplishments of ANNIVERSARY VIRGIN ISLANDS LEGISLATURE this great athlete and Virgin Islander be HONORS CARL PLASKETT recognized through the medium of this Res­ olution; Now, Therefore, HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS Be it resolved by the Legislature of the OF PENNSYLVANIA Virgin Islands: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. RON DE LUGO Section 1. That Carl Plaskett, outstanding track and field athlete and Virgin Islander, Thursday, November 21, 1974 OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is hereby cited, honored and congratulated Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, on AprilS, for his singularly successful amateur ath­ Thursday, November 21, 1974 letic career in the sport of track and field, 1923, more than 50 years ago, a group of and for his contributions to that sport not. men met at a private home in the small Mr. DE LUGO. Mr. Speaker, it is my only as a competitor but as a coach and community of Homestead, Pa., for the pleasure to insert in the RECORD Resolu­ administrator. purpose of establishing a church for tion No. 722 of the lOth Legislature of Section 2. That a perma plaque copy of Hungarian people there and in the sur­ the Virgin Islands honoring Carl Plaskett this Resolution be presented to Carl Plas­ rounding areas of Munhall, West Home­ for his outstanding contributions and kett at a testimonial dinner to be held in stead, and Homeville. achievements in track and field. Mr. his honor on September 21, 1974. The result of that meeting was the Plaskett, a native of St. Thomas, is a Thus passed by the Legislature of tl1.e founding of St. Mat·garet's Church in member of the Central American and Virgin Islands on September 19, 1974. Munhall, which marked its 50th anniver­ Caribbean Track and Field Confedera­ sary on September 29, 1974. What makes tion Hall of Fame for his outstanding St. Margaret's milestone unique is that performances at meets sanctioned by H.R. 16204 fact the church was not started under that confederation. In addition, he is the the inspiration of any priest or bishop, only Virgin Islander who has been a but in the minds and souls of lay people medalist in international track and field HON. HENRY HELSTOSKI bound by a common desire and religious competition. Carl Plaskett, a remarkable OF NEW JERSEY faith. athlete, coach, and administrator, is a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES most worthy recipient of this latest Approximately 20 men attended that Thursday, November 21, 1974 first meeting in the home of Mr. John honor. Hasak and a year later, when the first The resolution follows: Mr. HELSTOSKI. Mr. Speaker, H.R. mass was said for members of St. Mar­ '(Tenth Legislature of the Virgin Islands of 16204, the National Health Policy, Plan­ garet's, there were 97 families in the par­ the United States] ning, and Resources Development Act, ish. Today there are 245 families with RESOLUTION No. 722 is scheduled to come before the House a total population of 760 persons. To Honor Carl Plaskett, a Native Son, for within the next few days. As I am sure In commemoration of the golden an­ His Outstanding Contributions and you know, many of the Nation's leading niversary, the Reverend Richard Molnar, Achievements in Track and Field medical and health organizations have present pastor of st. Margaret's, com­ Whereas Carl Plaskett was born on Sep- expressed their opposition to the bill. piled a chronological history of the tember 23, 1943, on the island of St. Thomas, Today I would like to share with my church, listing pertinent facts and fig­ and is the son of Raymond and Adele Mar­ colleagues some arguments against the son Plaskett; and bill which were presented recently to the ures relative to its growth. But, as Whereas it soon became obvious that Carl Father Molnar so astutely noted in his Plaskett was possessed of outstanding ath­ members of the New Jersey congressional account, the most important part of any letic abilities, particularly in the track and delegation by representatives of our parish history is that which cannot be field specialty of sprinting; and State's regional medical program. At this adequately expressed in words; that is, Whereas Carl Plaskett has, throughout an meeting we were fortunate enough to "the strong faith of the people, the life illustrious amateur career in the sport of hear from Dr. Arthur Bernstein, chair­ of prayer and of the sacraments, the track and field, amassed a stagge1·ing record man of the regional advisory group of of success in sprint races ranging from sixty the New Jersey regional medical pro­ holy mass and all acts of public and to two hundred and twenty yards, a few of private worship which answer to the rea­ which are as follows: gram; Dr. Victor Parsonnet, chairman son why, indeed, a Catholic parish should ( 1) Winner of 100 and 220 yard dashes in of the program's subcommittee on car­ exist at all-the salvation of souls." the inter-island track meet between St. Croix diovascular surgery; Sister Grace Mr. Speaker, I commend Father Mol­ and St. Thomas-1961; Frances Strauber, S.F.P., executive direc­ nar for his work in perpetuating the past (2) Defeated the New York State cham­ tor of St. Mary Hospital in Hoboken; of St. Margaret's and the members of pion in the 100 yard dash-1962; and Dr. . Alvin A. Florin, program co­ his parish, who paid special recognition ( 3) Placed second in the 60 yard dash in ordinator. Their remarks follow: to Mr. Stephen Podomnik, one of the the Knights of Columbus meet held at Madi­ STATEMENT BY ARTHUR BERNSTEIN, M.D., son Square Garden-1962; MAPLEWOOD, N.J. original founding members, and the ( 4) Placed first in the 100 yard dash at the widows of four others: Mrs. John Hasak, New York Athletic Club track meet at Travis Sister Grace, honored members of the Mrs. Frank Nagy, Mrs. John Olasz, and Island-1965; House (and Senate), and colleagues.... Mrs. Stephen Vadasz. (5) Won a bronze medal (3rd place) in Little did I dream that one day I would be I also would like to compliment those the 100 meters and a silver medal (2nd speaking to the New Jersey Congressional place) in the 200 meters at the Central Delegation against the passage of a health who took part in the formal anniversary bill. But confronted with the unwholesome program honoring the men and women American and Caribbean Games held in San Juan, Puerto Ric0:...... 1966 (where he upset prospect of H.R. 16204 becoming law, I am· of St. Margaret's: Henrique Figuerola of Cuba, who was a faced with the recurring nightmare of seeing Mr. George Beserock, interlocutor; medalist at the 1964 Olympics): health programs in this country fall into ter- Very Rev. Msgr. JosephS. Altany, LL.D., (6) In the Melrose Games, placed third in ri.ble disarray. . pastor of St. Michael's Church; the Rev­ the 60 yard dash behind Charlie Greene. and I speak as a practicing physician, and as erend Thomas Murphy, pastor of Resur­ Bill Gaines, 'co-world record holders ln the ~ Chairman of the Regional Advisory Group of rection Church; Mayor William Knight event-1967; the New Jersey Regional Medical Program. I · November 2'1, 19 7 4- EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3703f must apologize for letting the real purposes urge you 1n the public interest to defeat it would limit the amount of medical partici­ of H.R. 16204 escape me in the beginning, and I also ask for a one year extension with pation in their programs. but I am equally thankful for this oppor­ funding of Regional Medical Programs to pro­ This proposition to me is a hard one to tunity to expose H.R. 16204 for the destruc­ vide much needed time for the development swallow, especially since it contradicts the tive influence it would have on the health of a true health blll in the next session. I national priorities of medicine in this coun­ programs of our country. After closer exami­ thank you. try today to which we are all dedicated. nation of this legislation, it becomes pain­ STATEMENT BY: VICTOR PARSONNET, M.D., Therefore, I am strongly against H.R. 16204 fully clear that while H.R. 16204 is ostensibly NEWARK, N.J. and highly recommend that this blll be de­ a health bill, it could in effect destroy much feated, and that a new bill be drawn in the of the important heath gains made in New Sister Grace, distinguished members of next session to provide wider working areas Jersey and the Nation. the House (and Senate), gentlemen ... for Regional Medical Programs which will As an example, at the end of 1973 under any time a physician or surgeon finds that strengthen the link between reseat·ch and Regional Medical Programs nine million improved medical technique is in danger better medical care for the patient. Thank Americans received direct health services, of being shut off at the switch, it's time to you. see his Congressman. That's why in perfect and another 12 million persons benefited di­ STATEMENT BY: SISTER GRACE FRANCES STRAU­ rectly from new skills taught to local health candor I am grateful to be here today in opposition to H.R. 16204 which until only BER, S.F.P., EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, ST. MARY professionals in RMP training programs. HOSPITAL, HOBOKEN, N.J. In addition, RMPs initiated more than very recently had many of us believing that 2,000 demonstration projects and provided it was a good kind of medicine. But on the Distinguished members of Congress, emi­ major technical assistance in over 6,000 in­ contrary, quite the opposite is true. nent physicians, and honored guests.... It stances for needed improvements in local What H.R. 16204 really represents to New is rewarding for me to appear here today on health services and for implementation of Jersey and the nation is a major threat to behalf of St. Mary Hospital and improved new Federal health programs. improved American health care, and in this health care. I have long maintained that the In New Jersey, through our Urban Health regard I would like very briefly to speak to New Jersey Congressional Delegation could program, one-half million poor people in 23 you with the experience of a cardiovascular be most instrumental in achieving substan­ cities received better health care • • • surgeon. tial gains in health services for our home through our Radiation Therapy program, In recent ye(l.rs, very happily, I have wit­ state and for the nation as well. every year 10,000 patients receive more pre­ nessed and taken part in some of the most In looking at H.R. 16204 and the frighten­ cise and effective treatment .•. another strategic advances in medical history. I have ing specter it poses for all of us, I trust your 10,000 people were screened for hypertension watched the heart, once considered so com­ action will be resolute in defeating this bill. • • . 13,000 school chtldren were tested for plex that it was beyond our understanding, For H.R. 16204 is as objectionable to experi­ strep infection, which can lead to rheumatic come closer to our remedial reach. Through enced health care providers as it is danger­ heart disease ... and more than 10,000 peo­ the combined efforts of research· and edu­ ous to the public good. This is not a judg­ ple were trained to rescue heart attack cation, new techniques in preventive medi­ ment without merit, but it follows a careful victims. cine, surgery and post operative care have analysis of the destructive force of H.R. 16204 This record, not to mention countless led us to sustain life where life never could on many vital health programs existing to­ other achievements of RMP, in social as well have existed before. day. as medical advances, is something of which Personally, as a surgeon, this kind of For my part let me recite the dangerous we can all be proud. Now let us take a look breakthrough in modern medicine and its effect this bill would have on an important at what would happen to this progress if impact on the patient, is deeply satisfying. program at St. Mary Hospital, Hoboken, H.R. 16204 passed. . But I would also be sadly remiss if I did not where I have the privilege of being Execu­ First, there would be a complete cessation see the total picture of medical performance tive Director. Through the help of New Jer­ of such activities, and the unique teamwork in perspective with those levels of gov­ sey ~gional Medical Program, St. Mary es­ of consumers, physicians, and hospitals ernment support which make much of our tablished a Community Health Improvement painstakingly created by the New Jersey Re­ work possible. One of the outstanding medi­ Program-also known as CHIP-one of six in New Jersey-to provide health care serv­ gional Medical Program over the past seven cal programs aided by the Congress w~ich I years would be destroyed. think, gentlemen, you should be aware of ices for the medically underserved. Second, there would be a dangerous void has been demonstrated in New Jersey with People who previously could not afford in New Jersey's health care system, and huge success. · medical treatment are cared for under this program. The beginning of our endeavor was third, health practioners would be reluctant It is the pacemaker evaluation program­ to join in any future endeavors. established first at Newark Beth Israel Medi­ humble; yet gradually we grew into a wen­ In summary, I envision national chaos cal Center-and then expanded to include staffed and professionally run facUlty as rather than harmony among the various a network of eight New Jersey hospitals. Congressman Daniels, who was present at health fields under H.R. 16204, causing the What happens.under this system is an excel­ our dedication ceremonies, can testify to. It country's patients great suffering as a result. lent example of scientific research, medicine, was our task to answer the medical needs of Inherent in this bill is the establishment of and government working together for the those who earned too much to qualify for a skeleton of Health Systems Agencies which medicaid but who did not earn enough to pay benefit of the patient. for a full range of medical services. would assume the top priority for adminis­ Through this program, a cardiac patient tering the nation's health programs and To give you an idea of how successful we using a pacemaker has his heart and pace­ have been, in the 12 months ending June of which would be shamefully unqualified to do maker checked all in one sweep. The data, so because of the limited participation by this year, over 3,300 famiUes for a total of taken at any one of the pacemaker affiliated more than 10,000 persons, were helped in the physicians and other experienced health hospitals, is transmitted to Beth Israel practitioners. St. Mary Hospital cmP center, and over Medical Center by teletype. At Beth Israel, 12,000 patient visits were made. This is only In Health Systems Agencies we would wit­ the information is received by a centralized one phase of the Center's program but it is ness a lack of publlc accountabillty, and an computer where it is evaluated, then studied symbolic of improved health ca.re in more arbitrary funding system, in that only $75,- by a team of specialists which I head, and ways than one. Not only are the medically 000 could be allocated· for each health proj­ a report on the patient's condition is re­ indigent being reached, but the patients in ect r~gardless of its importance. turned immediately to the transmitting subsequent visits to the Center are usually There is also an unlimited authority by hospital. treated by the same physician so that the HSAs to approve or disapprove the local use The ·net effect-emergency surgery result­ important rapport of a family doctor is estab­ of all Federal f~ds appropriated under the ing from unpredicted pacemaker failure has lished. Public Health Service Act without sufficient been eliminated, the patient's physical and . Also, and essential, the hospital's emer­ guidelines from the health community. In mental well-being is assured, and costs have gency room is taken out of the clinical role-, addition, the responsib111ty for planning, been reduced to ·a minimum. Now you might :wt th a staggering 50% reduction of non­ regulation and development of health pro­ say, all of this sounds very commendable emergency cases-and properly used as a grams-a combination of extremely complex but how does the pacemaker evaluation pro­ facility to meet emergency and crises situa­ factors each of which requires individual gram have anything to do with H.R. ~6204. tions. Many of the patient's problems which perspective and skills-would be under the Well, gentlemen, qu'ite simply, this vital deprived him of employment are also re­ sole authority of the unqualified Health program and many others like it-including solved through our social service staff and a Systems Agencies. a new frontal assault against hypertension­ greater stabilization of the neighborhood has That is why I am so vehemently opposed which contribute immensely to improved resulted. to H.R. 16204. I see this bill as a menace to health care and which receive your support In speaking of St. Mary, I must say that good medicine destroying in its path the na­ through the New Jersey Regional Medical this program never would have come to. fru­ tional health goals we have been struggling Program, could be wiped out by H.R. 16204. ition had it not been for New Jersey Regional to achieve. Gentlemen, if there is one thing In taking a closer look at that bill we Medical Program which, incredibly, is now of which I am convinced it is that we must find that Regional Medical Programs which threatened by H.R. 16204. In thinking of what defeat H.R. 16204 before it defeats both the were established by President Johnson and has been said before against the passage of patient and the Congress. No bill, by any the Congress in 1967 to fight heart disease this bill, I am all the more convinced that stretch of the imagination, can be considered as one of their principal targets could be H.R. 16204 is a major obstacle to Improved a health btll when it will produce such de­ phased out for a loosely defined substitute health care in this country. Gentlemen, in struction as H.R. 16204 will. Therefore, I known as Health Systems Agencies which good conscience may we defeat this bill and 37032 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, 1974 set our sights anew in the next session for procurement through donors. The educa­ 2. The slogan "recognition of the legiti• supportive action of greater health care. tional component is coordinated by the New mate rights of the Palestina.ns" is now ac­ Thank you. Jersey-New York Regional Transplant Pro­ cepted in certain quarters, both in the media STATEMENT BY: ALVIN A. FLORIN, M.D., M.P.H ., gram which is a pool arrangement to serve and in public discussion. EAST ORANGE, N.J. the 19 million people living in that area­ 3. The Palestine Liberation Organization and we support this program. (PLO) is the sole and legitimate spokesman Sister Grace, distinguished members of t he New Jersey Regional Medical Program is of all Palestinians throughout the world. New Jersey delegation, and colleagues . . . also maintaining a Central Registry of Dialy­ 4. The Palestinian goal of a "secular demo­ I doubt whether anyone among us can sis Patients which contains current medical, cratic state in Palestine" does not really en­ honestly say that he never needed a doctor. demographic and socio-economic information tail the destruction and dismantling of the The experience could have been serious or on all dialysis patients Within the state. This Jewish state. it could have been t.he result of a common information is vital to identify service short­ Each of these anti-Israel propaganda ar­ cold. But the fact is we all do get sick. And age areas; to promote greater regionalization, guments must be answered fully, as discussed the question is what are we doing about it. and to provide a uniform reporting system for below. In 1967, as Doctor Parsonnet so eloquently local, state and federal requirements. 1. THE ARAB PROPAGANDA stated, President Johnson and the Congress It is an honor for me to review these pro­ found a remedy in regional medical pro­ 1. The basic facts of the Palestinian problem grams because in each of them I see another Israel recognizes and profoundly under­ grams. And because of that action, more inroad in the fight against disease. What Americans today are receiving better health stands the existence of a Palestinian prob­ Regional Medical Programs stand for is the lem. But Israel knows that its solution must care than was dreamed possible years ago. assurance of quality health care demon­ Some of the RMP performance you are fam­ be part of the overall settlement of the Arab­ strated to date in 31 major health areas. Israel conflict and also that without a solll­ iliar with through the previous speakers. This was achieved on your mandate through But there are two other highly important tion to the Palestinian problem there cannot much hard work and a build up of coopera­ be a just and lasting solution to the ent ire areas which you should know more about tion among the various professionals who in relation to RMP and the threat of H.R. Arab-Israel con:fiict. deliver health care. Now I see H.R. 16204 de­ At the core of the Palestinian problem is 16204. stroying all our work. Because that b111 would We hear a lot about them today-they the fact that it is a political issue and is tied immob111ze us and paralyze the better patient to the central question of whether the Arab are cancer and kidney disease. When cancer care programs which exist today through struck Mrs. Ford, millions of American wom­ states a.re prepared to recognize the existence RMP activity. of an independent and sovereign Jewish state en asked: Can lt happen to me? I better see I ask your defeat of this bill and to move my doctor! And when cancer hit Mrs. Rocke­ in the Middle East. The real issue is not as swiftly as possible on the recommendation what Arab propagandists a.re attempting to feller the urge for more medical attention made here today by Dr. Arthur Bernstein for grew even greater. It was as if a. whole new foist on the American people through t h e a one-year extension with funding of Regional use of slogans or deceptive argumentation. kind of epidemic suddenly engulfed the Medical Programs and the opportunity to country. (a) It is not a problem of a people or na"GIOH draw a true health blll in the next session. which was forcibly evicted from their traru­ But as a physician directing the cancer Gentlemen, I thank you for allowing us to projects of New Jersey Regional Medical tional homeland; most Palestinians today be with you today and I wish especially to are still living in the area of Palestine that Program, and with physicians everywhere, thank Congressman Helstoski who so gen­ we knew this just wasn't so. Cancer un­ existed under the British mandate. Indeed, erously hosted this delegation meeting in the 70 percent of the Palestinians today are liv­ fortunately has been with us too long. But interest of public health. we are not ·standing idly by doing nothing ing on the same land which they have occu­ about it. We are devoting endless energy to pied for decades. fighting it. At this minute, New Jersey Reg­ (b) It is not essentially a problem of refu­ ional Medical Program is measuring the need THE PALESTINIANS gees. The number of refugees living in refu­ for additional breast cancer examination gee camps according to the United Nations• programs in our state, and New Jersey is statistics is 450,000, while there are 2.8million enjoying the results of a major cancer ed­ HON. JOSHUA EILBERG Palestinians living elsewhere throughout the ucation program started by NJRMP. OF PENNSYLVANIA world-1,000,000 in Jordan, 650,000 on the In the education program, some of our IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES West Bank of the Jordan, 350,000 in Gaza most eminent physicians teach other doc­ and 800,000 in Syria, Kuwait, Lebanon, etc. tors the latest procedures in cancer detec­ Thursday, November 21, 1974 Clearly, the overwhelming majority of Pal­ tion and treatment. It is doctors teaching Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, the ques­ estinians live in Jordan and the West Bank doctors to save patient lives, and I might add of the Jordan-not in refugee camps. tion of the Palestinian refugees is one of (c) It is not a problem of· a people who do that the physicians participating in this the most serious threats to peace in the program do so on their own time. not have homes, because the majority of the Also at this minute, New Jersey Regional world. One of the reasons this problem Palestinians today live in their own homes­ Medical Program is developing a physics cen­ has remained with us for so long is the in Jordan, on the West Bank, or outside ot ter in our state to be part of a national lack of understancL.ng about the facts of what was formerly the British mandate. program which will monitor the calibration the situation. In many cases propaganda 2. Legitimate rights of the Palestinians of radiation therapy equipment and insure has been substituted for the truth. At There 1s a significant difference between optimal dose distribution into the affected this time I enter into the RECORD a state­ what Arab spokesmen and what the pro Arab areas of all cancer patients. ment issued about the problem of the apologists in America mean by this slogan. This program which will operate eventually Palestinians by the Pennsylvania-West When Arab spokesmen refer to "legitimate throughout the entire country grew from rights of the Palestinians" they intimate the first statewide cancer teletype network Virginia-Delaware regional office of the that these can only be realized at the expense set up by NJRMP between 22 hospitals in Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith: of the independence and sovereignty of New Jersey and New York's Memorial Hos­ THE PALESTINIANS Israel. pital for cancer and Allied Diseases, which (The issue of the Palestinians is of real The pro-Arab apologists usually imply or quickly determines safe, precise and effective and immediate concern to the JeWish com­ assert that the Palestinian problem can be radiation doses. Also, NJRMP established tu­ munity. Accordingly, this ADL fact sheet solved without the dismantling of Israel. mor conference boards to review cancer cases drawn from a document prepared by Zev Thus, whenever Arab spokesmen speak about in 39 New Jersey Hospitals. Furst, Director of the Middle Eastern Affairs the Palestinians, they should be pressed to The purpose of these review boards is to Department of the Anti-Defamation League state publicly whether by the "legitimate provide the cancer patient with the most of B'na.i B'rith, will provide your leadership rights of the Palestinians" they mean the dis­ modern techniques, modern drugs, and mod­ and members, as well as opinion-molders in mantling or alteration of Israel as a Jewish ern patient care available and to manage your community, with information.) state. the patient throughout his illness. The fight The "Palestinian problem" will be the 3. The Palestine Liberation 01·ganization against cancer is a big one as you can see. number one Middle East propaganda Issu~ (PLO) And so gentlemen the fight against kidney during the coming months, not only in this disease is equally as big. Keeping in mind country but throughout the world. The Arabs A. PLO as Sole Spokesman of the Pales­ that the number of hemodialysis patients in their ongoing propaganda campaign have tinians: has doubled in New Jersey in the last two stressed, with some degree of success, the fol­ The Palestine Liberation Organization is years and a further increase is anticipated, lowing points: not a democratically elected body represent­ NJRMP Is doing the following. 1. The Palestinian problem was caused ative of the Palestinians. It was founded in We are coordinating a statewide renal primarily by Israel, and Israel is singularly 1964 by the League of Arab States. In a sum­ t ransplantation network; assisting in the de­ responsblle to find a solution. In short, since mit meeting in Algiers of the League of Arab velopment of hospital-based and satellite in­ Israel "evicted" the Palestinians from their States in 1973, the League recognized the termediate renal centers; developing cost homes and "stole" their land, the Jewish PLO as the sole spokesman of the Pales· containment techniques. and designing edu­ state 1s to blame for the plight of Palestinian tinla.ns. They alone recognized the PLO as cational programs to inform the pubUc about refugees and for the frustration which the the sole spokesman without ever having con• end-stage renal disease treatment and kidney Palestinians harbor; suited the Palestinians living either 1n Jor• November 2'1, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37033 dan, or on the West Bank, or outside of that tity should be expressed or whether this state Perhaps, he suggests, the decisionmak­ area. is to be called Jordan, Palestine or Jordan­ ers--and he defines them-have not The goals of the Palestine Liberation Or­ Palestine. But Israel opposes the creation of really grasped the possibility of a 50-50 ganization as enunciated in the Palestinian · another Arab state in addition to Jordan in prospect of losing everything, including Covenant of 1968 and reaffirmed in the Ten the area. Points adopted by the PLO in Cairo (June Israel sees no valid reason for their being their own lives. They are not conditioned 1974) are twofold: the elimination of Israel two Arab states in the area both of which to think in such terms. Fortunately, Dr. and the elimination of Jordan. have a strong Palestinian identity. Most Gofman also has some thoughts on rais­ The primary activities of the Palestine Palestinians also prefer one state of their own ing their consciousness: Liberation Organization and its member rather than two separate states, neither of [From the Science Porum magazine] groups are terrorist actions directed against which can be viable without the other. (Even Israel. Equally to blame for these activities if a few of the Palestinians continue to pro­ NUCLEAR ARMAMENTS AND THE FINANCIAL are Arab states which continue to aid, abet, claim separation, this should be viewed only ~LITE: Do THEY KNOW THE RISKS? and give sanctuary to the PLO and other as a tactical step on their part.) (By John W. Gofman) terrorist bands. 2. With whom will Israel negotiate? Wide differences of opinion exist about the B. The PLO Solution to the Palestine Israel faces a question with whom to nego­ probability of a major nuclear war in the problem is the Creation of a Single Secular tiate regarding her relations with a Pales­ early, intermediate, or distant future. This Democratic State: article is concerned with one set of variables In truth, the slogan "secular democratic tinian-Jordanian state. Israel has said she is prepared to negotiate with Jordan. The rea­ that may operate significantly to affect this state" 1s a catchword by which the PLO probability: namely, who makes the decisions means an end to Israel, because secular dem­ son is clear. The Jordanian government is the government of most of the Palestinians, and to deploy nuclear weapons and missiles, the ocratic state, ipso facto. requires that the relationship of such individuals (or institu­ Palestinians are actually seeking a secular only a minority of the Palestinians are not Jordanian. Another important point is made tions) to the real societal decisionmake.rs, state. The Lahore Conference. which recog­ and the information base upon which both nized the PLO, was a conference of Moslem by Israel. The United Nations Security Coun­ cil Resolution 242 specifically states that all groups are operating. It is self-evident that states. The Arab states which support the governments are the institutions directly PLO are all Moslem states. No religious Mos­ negotiations shall be conducted among states. Resolution 338, adopted by the Secu­ involved in deploying nuclear arms. But it is lem can advocate a secular state. Obviously, not at all evident that the significant de­ in their propaganda campaign the Arabs rity Council following the Yom Kippur War, derives directly from Resolution 242 and is cisionmakers in the free- world-who are fam­ understand that "secular democratic state" ilies with wealth on a level with the DuPonts, has an appeal to the Western world. the basis for the consensus agreement for the Geneva negotiations. Therefore, Israel in Mellons, Pews, or Whltneys-know all the C. Palestinian State on West Bank: premises upon which such deployment is The establishment by PLO of a Palestf,nian complying with the resolutions of the Secu­ rity Council will only negotiate with Jor­ based, nor whether they would approve con­ state on the West Bank of the Jordan will tinued nuclear-arms deployment if their in­ mean the establishment of a state deter­ dan-an existing state-and not with outside parties. formation base were broadened. mined to fight against the right of the con­ Recently the president of the United States tinued existence and sovereignty of both 3. The Israeli position regarding outside reached some agreements with the apparent Israel and Jordan. Another result will be the parties negotiating in Geneva leadership of the Soviet Union concerning likely introduction of Soviet missiles 15 miles The Geneva conference was established to limitations of both defensive and offensive from Tel Aviv. enhance negotiations between ·states of the strategic nuclear arms. Yet less than two Finally, most of the Palestinlans on the Middle East so as to arrive at a durable peace. weeks later the U.S. Secretary of Defense, Mr. West Bank and in Jordan are opposed to the These states include Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Laird, was requesting funds for advanced creation of a state under the leadership of Lebanon and Israel. Israel opposes inviting development of missile-carrying submar-ines the Palestine Liberation Organization. representatives of the Palestine Liberation and bombers. Mr. Laird argued before Con­ n. THE ISRAELI POSITION Organization, whcse avowed goal is Israel's gress that the United States must proceed 1. The Jordanian component destruction, to attend the Geneva confer­ with modernization of its offensive strategic Israel has determined its policy regarding ence either as delegates or as observe.rs. The forces to provide an incentive for the Soviet the Palestinians with the following factors motives of th& various terrorist organiza­ Union to negotiate in the next. phase of arms in mind: tions are in direct contradiction to Resolu­ negotiation. (a) The majority of the Palestinians are tion 242 of the Security Council, which calls The only interpretation possible at this Jordanian citizens. no all states to recognize one another In time is that the agreements concluded in (b) The majority of Jordanian citizens are the region. Moscow do not in any way alter the super­ Palestinians. Israel has stated on a number of occasions powers• technological efforts to get ahead of (c) Jordan, therefot·e, is the state with the that it does not object to having Palestini­ each other in the strategic-ar-ms area. No largest Palestinian identity. The problem of ans, within the framework of the Jordanian bar has been placed upon •modernization' of Palestinlan identity and Jordanian identity delegation, at the Geneva conference and strategic forces, even though some quantita­ are therefore bound one with another and ln any future negotiations. Israel did net tive limits have been placed upon certain cannot be separated. Indeed, there is a his­ oppose the presence of seven Palestinians in categories of offensive and defensive missiles torical basis for this: the Jordanian delegation in Geneva, and will or their launchers. So long as technological The British mandate consisted of both certainly agree to this formula in the future. development proceeds, the real concern of sides of the Jordan River, and only impe­ This then is the present position of the each adversary must be the development of rialist considerations were involved in the Israeli government. The Israelis correctly a first-strike capability by its opponent. This British decision in 1922 to partition both point out that the "Palestinian problem" goal, ominously different from the deter­ sides of the Jordan River into two separate is not an Israeli-Palestinian issue. It is rence of nuclear war, is not materially al­ entities. This separation lasted only from rather one which most deeply involves Jor­ tered by the recent strategic-arms limita­ 1922 unti11948, and then the West Bank was dan-the country of the Palestinians-and tions. combined with the territory east of the Jor­ the burden for the solution of this problem There are those who hold the hopeful dan. In fact, representatives of the people must be Jordan's. view that success in new technological devel­ living on the West Bank met in Jericho in opments is unlikely, hence technologies will 1948 and requested union with King Abdul­ probably always balance each other and lah of Transjordan. In short, they demanded the deterrence will remain mutual and sta­ annexation of the West Bank with Trans­ DECIDING THE WORLD'S FATE ble. It is very difficult to assess the precise jordan and the reunification was accom­ likelihood that one superpower will develop a plished by th& military seizure of the West first-strike capability, with its attendant Bank by Abdullah. HON. BELLA S. ABZUG prospect of nuclear blackmail of its adver­ (d) There are social, family, cultural and sary or use against its adversary. No credi­ economic ties between the Arabs living west OF NEW YORK ble evidence or theory argues against the of the Jordan River and those living east of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES possible development of a first-strike capa­ the Jordan River. Witness the success of the Thw·sday, November 21, 1974 bility by one or both superpowers-and such "of)en bridges" policy of Israel during the a development either by one or both super­ last five years. Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, why do de­ powers undoubtedly increases the probabil­ Israel accepts the fact that Arabs-both cisionma.kers in the United States and ity of nuclear war. In this instance the tech­ Palestinians and Jordanians-would like the Soviet Union persist in risking un­ nical-military groups, both in the USA and self-identity and self-expression. But it sup­ imaginable dangers through continuing the USSR, are the realists, for they refuse, ports the concept only in the context of properly, to downgrade the prospects for peace and good neighborly relations. This the arms race? Dr. John Gofman, pro­ new technological developments. identity might be expressed in a Jordanlan­ fessor of medical physics at the Univer­ The recent agreements on strategic-arms Palestinian state which would be a neighbor sity of California, presents some interest­ limitation thus do not prevent the techno­ of Israel. However, Israel does not believe it ing theories in an article which I would logical quest for a first-strike capability. is her obligation to determine how this iden- like to insert in the RECORD. And if we presume that development of a CXX--2334-Part 27 37034 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, 1974 first-strike capability Is possible In some ate enterprise are hardly the seat of power. ware. Career e~erts always place their own time period, that whoever develops such a Rather, such officials are wage- and salary­ career preservation ahead of all else. capab11ity would be sorely tempted to u&e lt, earners totally dependent upon continually Thus it is entirely possible that the tech­ and that the USA and USSR are of approxi­ pleasing the real owners of the entire cor­ nical-military experts, if consulted by the mately equal technological skill, then we porate system, and these controlling inter­ financial elite, will have attempted to pro .. must conclude, for such a time period, that ests are few in number. vide abundant reassurance that they (the the USA and USSR must both consider that There 1s no merit in a debate over whether experts) will be able to manage the situation, there Is a 50-50 prospect of losing everything the financial elite, who own and manipulate whatever develops. It is probably unlikely in a nuclear war. This would appear to be the the corporate structures, operate together or that the experts will have suggested to the only reality of the continued existence of independently. No matter what degree of financial elite a 50 per cent probability of a technological quest for national security: pluralism exists among the financial elite, losing everything. a 50 percent chance of losing everything it remains true that the real seat of decision­ DO W E KNOW WHAT THE FINANCIAL ELITE THINK may be the price of engaging in such a tech­ making power is at this level. What these ABOUT NUCLEAR ARMS? nological quest. men consider to be in their interest will be­ come policy actions at the corporate level. As mentioned above, the financial elite ARE THE REAL DECISIONMAKERS INFORMED? Corporate officials are indeed executives, ex­ seem to prefer to operate anonymously. A Are the real decision-makers in the USA ecuting the policy decisions of the financial valid poll concerning their level of awareness and the USSR informed about the 50 per elite in business, politics, advertising, and and their opinions about nuclear arms race cent chance of losing everything in the con­ other avenues of public education. questions would be of very great interest and tinued nuclear-technological arms race? Through a variety of corporate dispensing importance. Thus far, no such direct evidence The first, all-too-ready answer is, "Of mechanisms, funds are made available to is anywhere available. A number of indirect course they are informed, but 'reality' pre­ elected or election-bound individuals in the indicators would suggest that either the fi­ vents either side from doing other than highest governmental offices. It is simply not nancial elite have given scant heed to the what it is doing." A follow-on to this sim­ likely that elected governmental officials, in­ nuclear arms problem or they are secure in plistic reply is, "Diplomatic efforts are go­ cluding presidents, senators, and representa­ the belief that technological approaches to ing on right now by the super-power de­ tives, wlll easily forget the largesse that security will operate successfully to protect cision-makers to alter the situation." makes their political existence possible. their interests. Both of these answers deserve serious open What does this financial community, the What are such indirect indicators? First, challenge. How do we know that there is any real seat of policy and decision-making we have the evidence from recent public relationship between governmental diplo­ power, know about the nuclear arms race and polls, which indicates that the overwhelming matic activities and either the knowledge or the technological quest for security? "Na­ majority of Americans believe that national the desires of the real decision-makers? tional security" and "vital interests" have a security Is achievable through technological It is difficult to come by information con­ very specific meaning for the financial elite, superiority in nuclear-missile arms, and that cerning who are the true wielders of power namely preservation and extension of mate­ other approaches to co-existence with the in the Soviet Union. Since no financial or rial wealth. We can therefore expect that USSR are not likely to succeed. What the capitalist group exists there, one might pre­ there will be no fuzzy thinking by this group. public thinks on such matters is generally a sume that the true decision-makers may be Either the technological arms race adds to reflection of the prevalent theme being pre­ in the Communist Party within or outside the prospect of preservation and extension sented by the electronic media and the press. the Soviet government, or in the Red Army. of wealth, or it subtracts from it. Since media and the press operate (broadly We can be very sure that the Soviet people Do the members of the financial elite of speaking) to beam the message permitted or are not of consequence in real decision­ the USA realize the possibility that our side desired by the financial elite, it can be pre­ making. The USSR, like the USA, has a has a 50 per cent chance of losing the tech­ sumed that the elite either have not ex­ technical-military establishment of demon­ nological race for a first strike, and that with pressed their desires at all, or have expressed strated skills and capabilities. But we do such loss goes the prospect of nuclear confidence in the technological approach to not know the relationship of the real power­ obliteration and loss of all their assets? The security. The public can usually be taught to wielders in the USSR to their own technical­ members of the financial elite are not par­ believe any message that bears the seal of military establishment; hence we do no know ticularly noted for being newsmakers. A few approval of the elite, no matter how distaste­ whether the power-wielders of the USSR of them do hold electoral office, but in gen­ ful the hopeful democratic idealist may find have really been informed about the prob­ eral they seem to prefer relative anonymity. this axiom to be. able consequences of the continued tech­ As a result, it is difficult to ascertain what Second, the political establishment shows nological arms race. they really know about the technological no significant signs of deviation from abso­ We know a great deal more about the arms race. lute support of the technological-military ap­ There is good reason to wonder whether proach to national security. Ever-increasing real decision-makers in the USA, although funds for the technological-military develop­ it may be difficult to rank the most impor­ the financial elite decision-makers have even ment effort are regularly voted, :flavoured only tant by name. Let us first dispense with had the right questions posed for them in with a modicum of window-dressing in the some interesting but inconsequential my­ technological arms race matters. First of all, form of concern over waste in the military thology. As myth would have 1t, the USA be­ this group has been enormously successful expenditure. The most dovish of the politi­ ing a constitutional democracy, the real in the accumulation of material assets and cians do not effectively challenge the se­ power rests in the hands of the common wealth. They are therefore likely to feel that curity-through-terror concept. The Arms man through the ballot. Such a myth, while the governmental-military structure that Control and Disarmament Agency remains as having utility for certain purposes, has little has served their interests so well in the past it always has been, thoroughly impotent. to do with the reality of the power to make can be counted upon to do as well in the Again, one must conclude from all this decisions in the USA. A second myth is that future. This would mean that such an elite either that the financial elite, as yet un­ the president and the Congress jointly rep­ may not recognize the 'win all-lose all' fea­ concerned about the nuclear arms problem, resent the seat of decision-making power. tures as a truly new prospect, a special prod­ have passed no message to the political es­ Is this to be taken seriously where real uct of the technological-nuclear arms race. tablishment, or that they have considered power is the issue? While formally the com­ Second, the financial elite, so busy with the the problem (possibly with poor information mon man votes to elect the president and task of maintaining and expanding material or advice) and have passed to the polit icians the Congress, he does not select either the assets, may have given little or no serious the message of continued reliance upon tech­ president or the members of Congress. These thought to the arms race, feeling that in nological solutions to the national security elected officials cannot, with rare exceptions, such matters it is best to rely upon technical problem. even consider aspiring to public office with­ and military expertise. Can they rely upon There are no obvious signs that the finan­ out funds in great quantity. And such funds the technical-military experts to provide cial elite are worried about the 50- 50 chance do not come from the comm.on man. them with reliable advice? It is, therefore, broadly inevitable that na­ that everything may be lost as a result of Two powerful dynamics may operate to the arms race, even including their own lives. tional political office-holders are in office lead the technical-military establishment ex­ through the courtesy of the sources of the perts to provide poor or misleading informa­ For some of the reasons cited above this may prime funds required to achieve and main­ tion to the financial elite. First, it is an im­ only mean that they are uninformed or mis­ tain public office. The real seat of power, and portant characteristic of such experts to feel informed. This group rarely has operated, in the real source of major decision-making in superior. This leads to the view that •we their economic ventures, with a 50- 50 chance the USA, must reside in those sources. It is experts' can achieve any desired goal pro­ of losing everything. Indeed, they have oper"' no secret that most of the material wealth, vided sufficient funds and hardware are ated almost with certainty that they will re­ and hence the true decision-making power, placed at 'our' disposal. Besides, 'our' tech­ main wealthy. resides in the hands of fewer than 10,000 nology is necessarily superior to 'their' tech­ It is likely that the financial elite have individuals out of a population of 200 mil­ nology. There is also the self-preservation not seriously considered the l'islts of the tech­ lion people. such power is, in general, ex­ aspect of the whole concept of technical­ nological arms gamble. For this reason, it ercised through the intermediacy of cor­ military expertise. It would represent a career would appear that alerting them regarding porations, including the corporations that the real risk of the nuclear-technological own the electronic and press media of dis­ disaster for the technical-military experts if the financial elite were ever to recognize that arms race is of the greatest significance for pensing information. survival. This group must come to know the It is important to emphasize the word the solution to its security problem must be intermediacy, for the officials of t he corpor- sought outside technology and military hard- nature of the gamble upon which loss of Novmnber 21, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37035 everything 1s being risked, and that the common man of the Soviet Union has noth­ Most young people, the study indicates, odds are about even of such loss. ing to gain from a technological arms race. view older persons as ..unalert, physically WHAT MAY BE EXPECTED OF THE FINANCIAL Nor does the common man of the USA. Fur­ inert, narrow-minded and ineffective." Most ELITE DECISIONMAKERS? thermore. nuclear obliteration of Russians older people view their peers in similar terms. will do nothing for Americans, and vice versa. But they view themselves quite differently. Let us suppose that the flnancial ~lite have Both Russian and American citizens are hos­ In viewing their own needs and potentials, been too busy with wealth- and asset-accu­ tages to the arms race, with an appreciable older citizens expose as "a downright lie"­ mulation to give more than perfunctory at­ part of their meagre earnings being diverted to use Harris' words-the negative stereotype tention to the technological arms race, or with which they have been branded. that they have been misinformed by their to the arms race instead of going into the improvement of quality of life. But the tech­ "We are alive and well," Harris sees them technical and military experts. In either case saying to society. "And while it is true that it is vital that the group become fully in­ nological arms race goes on simply because the power elites have not elected to stop it. many of us suffer from poor housing, inade­ formed concerning the risks. quate income, lack of proper medical care There is no guarantee that they will act There is an enormous reserve of great thinkers. in the public of the USSR and the and other serious problems, it is also true constructively even with full knowledge of that these are society's problems, not just the real odds. But with a penchant (and USA. One senses that in the USSR there is little the public can do to educate the power our own. a demonstrated skill) for engaging in ven­ "You are drowning us with pity, and your tures with far better odds than are offered elite without severe reprisals. However, in the USA the public can make its influence felt bad conscience has convinced us as well that in the arins race, it is not fanciful to hope the plight and lot of older people is well that they may be galvanized into a set of through establishment of a clearly audible, sustained dialogue on the technological se­ nigh hopeless. Well, we want to tell you that actions that may change the present course we are in much better command of our of the technological arinB race. curity issues. The public can, for instance, apply steady pressure upon the national competence and capabilities and much more The flnancial ~lite have already demon­ willing to bear our share of societal responsi­ strated that national borders are no real politicians, with the goal of having those politicians learn and pass upward something bilities than you ever imagj.ned. barrier to progress with flnancial-economic "So give us less pity and more opportunity; interests. The success of multinational op­ more- than Cold War cliches about the tech­ nological arms race. An active public forum give us J'espect not simply for having lived erations throughout the free world demon­ so long. but respect born of what we are strates: this beyond question. Surely this on these issues. will certainly attract notice. and such notice will certainly drift upward and still can be. Do not count us out." group knows. or can readily find out, how What practices and po1ic!es within our so­ to establish effective communication with to the attention of the elite. At best, it wUI be difficult to get the finan­ ciety breed such a negative attitude toward their counterparts in the Soviet Union. older people? Stuely the "youth cult" pro­ It is doubtful that the issue of so-called cial elite to consider the technological arms rae& seriously, since this group is so thor­ jected through mass media programs and ad­ "communism versus capitalism.'' would \l'ertising is a ma.jo1• factor. But our Associa­ deter the ~lite in this effort. Power-wielders oughly insulated. However, since they also have the power others lack to turn policies tion has long felt that one of the principal are adept at selection of useful features out causes is mandatory retirement provisions of any ideology. There are far more factors around, reappraisal of the arms race by them might result in major progress toward real of union and employment contracts. The of community between the powex: elite of work ethic is so deeply ingrained tn our so­ the U.S.S.R. and the U.s. flnanclal elite than security instead of a 50-50 chance of ob· llteration. ciety that all too often what gives one iden­ there are factors of dUierence, especially tity 1s not personhood, but profession. To be where truly vital interests of both groups are robbed of profession at an arbitrary age involved. communicates to the individual. his peers As a result, the two power elites may very LET US OFFER SENIOR CITIZENS lmd his more youthful associates a message well be able to work out a modus vivendi DIGNITY AND RESPONSIBILITY, of uselessness, worthlessness. providing each group with a better prospect ANDFORGETTHEPITY ' Respondents to the Harris study seem to than a 50-50 chance of losing everything. No agree. Of an retirees interviewed. 37 percent suggestion 1s made here that the two groups satd they were forced to retire. For those in need necessarily trust each other. Both un­ the under-$3,000 a year income group, the doubtedly already have a very good appre­ HON. JERRY L. PETTIS figure was 43 percent. Among blacks 65 and ciation of the trust that can be placed in OF CAL!FORNIA older, the figure was 5.0 percent. Harris esti­ the other, and are in no need of advice on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mates that those persons age 65 and older that score. who did not want to retire-who want, and If these elites look at the odds seriously Thursday, November 21, 1974 need, to be gainfully employed-total 4.4 and conclude they don't like what they see, Mr. PETTIS. Mr. Speaker. in recent million. If' they were counted in the unem­ real steps might then be initiated to reduce ployment statistics, the nation would have their mutual risks. For example, in the USA, years this country. and consequently an unemployment rate of close to 10 per­ instead of forbidding the Arms Control Congress, has moved to "help" the senior cent, rather than the currently used figure Agency even to carry on public information citizens with various programs of mone­ of 5.8 percent. programs like those of the Defense Depart­ tary aid accompanied with a lot of talk The survey shows that most persons in ment, we might recruit the finest talent about the value of these older Americans. available to develop vigorously some real the 18-64 age group believe that a.n even alternatives to the nuclear-technological However, according to a poll conducted lower fixed retirement age would be "a good arms race. The level of funding of such an by Louis Harris this talk apparently has and desirable thing." Seventy-nine percent of the executives interviewed who have di­ effort deserves to be at least several per cent not done much to improve the underly­ ing attitude and stereotype Americans rect hiring and firing responsibilities ad­ of the military budget, or even much more. mitted to discrimination in retirement prac­ A?d this might aJl be done in the open, have of the elderly. Before any real gain tices. Wlth no secrecy whatever, ln close collabora­ can be made in correcting these miscon­ tion with similar effort in the U.S.S.R. But those who have been victims of such ceptions, we bave to enact programs discrimination feel a deep sense of outrage. If the American and Soviet elites become which will give the elderly a chance to motivated to seek viable solutions, there is "Work in itself makes a person feel useful good reason to believe that such multilateral regain their own respect for themselves and keeps him from becoming old," they told solutions, not dependent on trust alone, wm and their peers-such as allowing them Harris. "Just because a person passes age 65 be developed and developed rapidly. Up to to continue working and still receive does not mean that he or she is not qualified now, with no definitive evidence that the their social security payments, as would to work hard and make a significant contri­ elites are really concerned, it is true that no be allowed under my proposal H.R. 905, bution to society. Nobody should be forced solutions have been seriously proposed, but it which removes the social secmity limita­ to retire because of age 1f he wants to con­ is also true that no serious efforts have been tinue working and is still able to do a good tions on outside earnings. The Ame1ican job." made. If anything, the activities of the tech­ nical-military experts ha.ve been calculated Association of Retired Persons-AARP­ Had the Ha1-ris study been conducted even to thwart any such serious efforts. News Bulletin ran an opinion article on 10 years ago, the negative attitudes toward It is also possible that the elites, even fully the Harris poll in the Bulletin's Novem­ older Americans would likely have been even informed, will elect to play the 50-50 gamble ber issue. The editorial, entitled "Less more pronounced. As older citizens have in­ to "win all or lose all." They may. In this Pity, More Opportunity" follows: creasingly demonstrated their vigor, inde­ pendence and potential through our Associa­ event, the ride to nuclear-technological ob­ LESS PITY, MORE 0PPO!I.TUNITY livion for both the elite and the populace of tion and other groups, there has been a Pollster Louis Harris recently completed major improvement in attitudes in recent either the USA or the USSR, or both, is most one of the most definitive attitudinal studies likely to be measured in years or decades at years. But much more progress Is needed. on old age ever conducted ln America. He The Harris study was released during the most-certainly not in centuries. probed the attitudes of the young toward the same week that a conference was being held WHAT ABOUT THE PUBLIC AND THE POLITICIAN? old, the old toward their peers and the old in California on "Changing the Image of It would be easy to misconstrue the re­ toward themselves. The results should be re­ Aging." Surely the negative image will not marks of the foregoing discussion as anti­ quired ren.ding for the nation's policy b& changed until the reality of negation is democratic in tone. This would be false. The ma l~.::ers. changed. 37036 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, 1974 FRED M. LANGE the Golden Rule appears, in slightly differ­ REV. MELVIN CHESTER SWANN ent form, in the doctrines of the Buddha and Confucius; HON. JAMES M. COLLINS Philanthropy helped to build the United HON. PARREN J. MITCHELL OF TEXAS States. Recognizing this, Congress granted OF MARYLAND the American people the opportunity of tax IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES deductions to encourage and support philan­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, Novembe1· 21, 1974 thropic institutions. Thursday, Novembe1· 21, 1974 I believe strongly that every person not Mr. COLLINS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, only has the obligation to contribute to the Mr. MITCHELL of Maryland. Mr. Dr. Frederick M. Lange, president of betterment of mankind, but that in equal Speaker, on May 9, 1974, Melvin Chester the Dallas Community Chest Trust measure he may rega,rd this act a privilege. Swann, Sr., D.D., L.L.D. gave the morn­ Fund, and internationally known expert Charity may be considered to be giving with­ ing prayer before the U.S. House of Rep­ in fund-raising and philanthropic ad­ out the anticipation of any return from the resentatives. On Monday, November 18, gift. Philanthropy, on the other hand, ex­ 1974, funeral services were conducted for ministration, presented a lecture, "Amer­ pects a return-in the betterment of some ican Philanthropy and the World," at segment of mankind, in a city or neighbor­ Reverend Swann at Waters African Oxford University, England, on Octo­ hood, in better health, in religious work, in Methodist Episcopal Church in Balti­ ber 4, 1974. culture or in some other field. more, Md. He was senselessly and savage­ During the past 41 years since Dr. I think it is obvious that any philan­ ly murdered in his home. Thousands of Lange came to Dallas, he has been re­ thropic activity, to be effective, must have citizens came to pay last tributes to a sponsible for raising over $250 million money. Without funds it is merely an orga­ clergyman who had given so much to his for civic agencies, hospitals, colleges, nization of good wishes. In general, there community. are four principal sources for philanthropic OB~ARY, 1914-1974 and other community organizations. funds. In 1953, Dr. Lange organized the 1. Bequests: In America bequest giving is A man of destiny who knew the need Dallas Community Chest Trust Fund, on the rise as more and more Americans turn to work to bring success, this son of which now has assets of over $20 million, to philanthropy as a means of disposing of Isaiah and Grace Viola Swann was born and has served as its president since their worldly goods. Last year's bequests in Baltimore, Md., in November 1914 on 1969. The trust fund serves as a deposi­ amounted to $3.06 billion, an increase of West Preston Street on the east end tory for funds to be used in meeting the 8.9 per cent over the previous year. where the Samuel Coleridge Taylor 2. corporations: Indications are that cor­ capital and long-range community porate giving also is increasing in America. School now stands. In school, in the com­ needs. Dr. Lange has furthered the con­ Corporations in the United States gave $950 munity, in the Army, and in the church cept of private philanthropy not only million last year, an increase of 13.1%. he gave his best. in Dallas, but throughout the world. He 3. Fotmdations: These in the past have In the ripening of God's plan the call has lent his expertise to efforts which pl.ayed an important role in AmeriLondon newspaper article stating that regarding the remarks made by General HON. DONALD M. FRASER "there are no state secrets of any nation but George Brown at Duke University Law School. OF MINNESOTA are shared by the secret rulers of Jewry." Your message has been passed along for His words are no different, in fact, from the President's attention. However, as you IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES those of any bigot who thinks a nation's may now know, the President has publicly Thursday, November 21, 1974 problems can be explained by pinning them disavowed the comments made by Gene1·a1 on minority group scapegoats. Brown. He met with the General yesterd~y Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, Elsa Goss The general displays an appalling ignor­ to express his strong feelings about the mat­ of the editorial board of the Philadelphia ance in stating that Jews control the bank­ ter. I am sure you also know that General Inquirer devoted a column to the much­ ing industry or the world of journalism. Brown has publicly apologized to those that discussed episode that occurred at a Duke As Sen. William Proxmire, a senior mem­ might have been involved in the comments University Law School forum last month. ber of the Senate Banking Committee, noted, he made. The President has also stated that After his speech, during a question and "probably no industry in this country has General Brown has been an excellent Air more consistently or cruelly rejected Jews Force officer and Chairman of the Joint answer period, Chairman of the Joint from positions of power and influence than Chiefs of Staff and he does not believe that Chiefs of Staff, Gen. George S. Brown commercial banking." the General should be fired for that one showed colors which his defenders now Sen. Proxmire also said, "While newspapers mistake. insist are not his true colors. I find this have not practiced the same Jewish-exclu­ With kind regards, hard to swallow, as does Ms. Goss. sionary policy, it is a fact that, with very Sincerely, The damage General Brown did to his few exceptions, publishers and editors of MAX L. FRIEDERSDORF, American newspapers are non-Jewish." Deputy Assistant to the President. reputation should not be ignored by those And so, he might have added, are most in the administration who must judge government leaders, business executives, so­ his ability to remain in office and per­ cial arbiters and members of the Joint Chiefs form his duties. of Staff. If there truly is a power ell te in this I wrote to the President November 13 country, Jews are most certainly not in the SPREADING COMMUNIST DESERT IS midst of it. THE PROBLEM, NOT OVERPOPU­ about this and I have received a reply. LATION I am not happy with the reply. I hope Gen. Brown says now that he deeply re­ grets his remarks. He insists that they do not it is not the last word about General "represent my convictions." Brown remaining in office. He obviously The apology is unsatisfactory and bla­ HON. ROBERT J. HUBER has lost the confidence of many in this tantly insincere. No one without a trace of OF MICHIGAN country, including me. Does the Pres­ anti-Semitism would have thought to make IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ident really want a man with a tarnished those remarks in the first place. reputation for fairness to be the leader of Gen. Brown ought to be replaced. His con­ Thursday, November 21, 1974 this country's military forces? tinued presence would be an embarrassment Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, the World The Goss essay and my exchange with to the mil1tary-and the country. It would, Food Conference in Rome concerned the White House follow: in fact, be a disgrace. with the world's supply of food has over­ [From the Philadelphia Inquirer] looked a significant factor in the equa­ THE GENERAL SHOULD GET MARCHING ORDERS HoUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, tion. There is much silly talk of the so­ Washington, D.C., November 13, 1974. (By Elsa Goss) The PRESIDENT, called rich countries being at fault, when Anti-Semitism is probably the oldest and The White House, in reality the world's so-called Socialist most prevalent form of group prejudice in Washington, D.C. nations and the systems they live by are the world, but that doesn't excuse Air Force DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: I View with alarm to blame. Collective farms never produce Gen. George S. Brown. and great concern General GeorgeS. Brown's a surplus and they are inefficient farms. i37038 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 2'1, 1974 No one outproduces the American farm­ Most probably, however, no one wlll say that leaders continue to impose grossly lnem­ er in his quest for a comfortable living. to the degree that human error is at fault cient, impossibly huge farms on the peas­ This is true not only of wheat, but also the Soviet Union is a major culprit. ants. The workers in the barns and fields as regards the sugar problem. I commend Of course the problem has a Janus face. are allowed no initiative. Soviet farmers are Overpopulation is a. critical factor, but so 1S but (to paraphrase Marx) automatons the following two articles from the Wash­ the failure of nations to exploit their food chained to their tractors and livestock. ington Star-News of November 10, 1974, producing potential. The U.S.S.R. is such a On a Soviet farm, all power and most key and the Christian Science Monitor of nation. decisions rest in the hands of a director who November 8. 1974, to the attention of my At a time when the vast Soviet farmlands must (on the average) manage over 1,000 colleagues in this regard: could be producing more than enough food workers and over 10,000 acres in crops. As [From the Washington Star-News, Nov. 10, for domestic needs, the U.S.S.R. has been im­ Western studies have underlined, economies 1974] porting massive quantities of grain, thus of scale can be crucial to farming efficiency, contributing to the world decline in grain especially as it relates to timeliness of de­ LOSSES BY RUSSIA CUT SUGAR STOCK reserves to their lowest point in decades. cisionmaking. Failure to act promptly in LoNDON.-Russia.n crop failures account Weather problems are a key factor, but face of disease or adverse weather can re­ in part for the sharp rise in the price of beyond uncontrollable natural causes, there sult in the loss of animals or a crop. sugar, according to international sugar ex­ have been faulty Soviet agricultural policies America's own past research has suggest­ perts. which have kept Soviet food production far ed that system losses alone reduce Soviet "The spark that triggered the recent rise in below the land's potential. grain yields below their potential by some sugar prices was three consecutive sugar beet One to one, Soviet and United States com­ 18 percent. Even greater reductions exist crop failures in the Soviet Union," said a parisons of yields per acre are unfair. Soviet With other foods. Again, weather is an im­ senior United Nations sugar expert. and Canadian comparisons are not unfair. portant factor. Soviet agriculture still needs The expert, who refused to be quoted by Take wheat, for example, the major grain. more investment. Nevertheless, such fac­ name, said in an interview that because of Soviet yields per acre continue to lag more tors alone are not the sole reasons behind the bad harvests beginning in the fall of than 30 percent behind those achieved in some astounding differences between U.S. 1971, the Russians stopped selling sugar on Canada. Thus, for the years 1970-72 the and Soviet farm achievements. world markets and began buying instead. Canadians maintained an average wheat In 1970 American farmers produced 102 As a result, he continued, worldwide de­ yield of 26.3 bushels per acre, while Soviet kgs. of meat per capita, while the Soviets mand-81 million tons this year--exceeded yields were only 17.7 bushels per acre. (With more land under cultivation) pro­ supply-SO million tons-and prices began to During the five-year period 1968-1972 aver­ duced only 51 kgs. and their leading health skyrocket. In 1971, for example, thto price of age annual Soviet production of all grains authorities state that the average annual a pound of raw sugar landing in New York was 173.6 m1llion metric tons. Had the Rus­ consumption of meat should be 82 kgs. per was 4.52 cents. Today it is 67.2 cents. sians met Canadian yield standards, their capita. This explains why their attempted Increased costs of refining, distributing annual production would have been some 1974 U.S. purchase was largely for feed corn. and marketing sugar also have contributed 231 mlllion tons, enough for their own needs. The Soviet waste of manpower even sur­ to the price sph·al. Experts also cite bad The grain the U.S.S.R. purchased from the passes their waste of the land. For example, weather which diminished the sugar yield U.S. and Canada would have been available the average American farmer cultivates 5.5 of beet crops throughout Europe and the for shipment abroad to the hungry in de­ times as much land, and produces 12 times increase in world population and the ban veloping nations. as much grain and 14 times as much meat on cyclamates which increased the demand A stifling ideology, bad politics and ( es­ as does his Soviet collectivized counterpart. 2 to 4 percent a year. pecially in the past) poor economics are the Yet, ask farm chairmen (as I did in In 1971, the Soviets sold 1 million tons of combined causes of the Soviet agricultural 1970) whether they could use more workers, sugar on the world market. But in 1973 they plight. and most will say, "Yes." purchased 2.6 million tons. Under Leonid Brezhnev much has been ac­ The dismal Soviet farm scene is revealed Of the 80 million tons of sugar produced complished on the economic front. Even by an astounding incident that occurred this year, most is marketed domestically. though considerably more is needed (i.e., a few years ago. An entire region was not Only 22 million tons are traded abroad, and Soviet fields stm receive only about half the meeting lts butter delivery plan to the state. of that some 10.5 million tons are reserved. levels of fertilizer applied to American Local authorities attempted to solve the for such special deals as the British Com­ fields), there is good reason to believe that problem by selling all they had to the state, monwealth sugar agreement, the United investments will approach desirable levels in then going to the state stores and buying States import quota, and the Cuban agree• a few more years. Indeed, reversing the Sta­ butter in large quantities, which they then ments with Communist countries. linist policy of raping the countryside for added to the next delivery of butter to town That leaves only 11.5 million tons for trade capital to support industrial development, in the attempt to meet their production on the free world market, and of that total, the current leadership is now pouring mas­ plan. the Russians at last count were taking 2.6 sive subsidies into agriculture, probably The Soviet agricultural sins have complex million tons. nearing 20 b1llion rubles annually. roots. Nevertheless, by any measure, the Nevertheless no amount of investment will farming system imposed on the Soviet coun­ [From the Christian Science Monitor, Nov. 8, solve the problem of lagging peasant incen­ tryside is the most irresponsible, extremely 1974] tives to produce which are directly linked to wasteful enterprise imaginable. Yet the the collectivized system of farming. The FooD AND THE RUSSIANS system satisfies Moscow's twin needs for Kremlin's ideological and control needs give (By Roy D. Laird) tight central controls and for forcing a no encouragement that it will make the LAWRENCE, KANS.-I! it does nothing else, Communist model on the countryside. fundamental changes of system necessarr the World Food Conference will underUne The collectlvtzatton story ls complex, but 1f the Soviet Union 1s to meet its own peo­ the fact that mankind is on the verge of a at the heart of the matte= ls the fact that ple's needs, not to mention those o! a. hun­ major, perhaps a catastrophic, food crisis. in the name of Marxism-Leninism, Soviet gry world.