The Native Land Court in Te Paparahi O Te Raki: 1865–1900

Wai 1040, #A68

The Native Land Court in Te Paparahi o Te Raki: 1865–1900

Paul Thomas

October 2016

A report commissioned by the Waitangi Tribunal for the Te Paparahi o Te Raki inquiry (Wai 1040)

The Author My name is Paul Thomas. I graduated with a first class honours degree in history from Otago University in 1990. I worked as a researcher and writer for the Dictionary of New Zealand Biography until 1993. From 1995, I was employed by the Crown Forestry Rental Trust as a historian. Since 1999, I have worked as a contract historian on Treaty of Waitangi issues, writing and advising on many different areas. My report, 'The Crown and Maori in the Northern Wairoa, 1840–1865', was submitted to the Waitangi Tribunal's inquiry into the Kaipara district. My report, 'The Crown and Maori in Mokau, 1840–1911', was submitted to the Te Rohe Potae inquiry.

Acknowledgements I am grateful to Leanne Boulton of the Waitangi Tribunal for overseeing this report. Ms Boulton produced its tables, graphs and statistical research although I am the report's sole author and have final responsibility for all parts of it. Ms Boulton explains the methodology used for these statistics in appendix B. I also thank Dr James Mitchell and Dr Barry Rigby of the Waitangi Tribunal for their assistance, as well as Tribunal mapping officer Noel Harris. Philip Cleaver reviewed a draft of the report while Philippa Wyatt provided valuable historical advice and Lauren Zamalis carried out much- appreciated copy-editing. Although the errors and shortcomings of this report are mine alone, I would like to acknowledge the many historians and writers who have produced reports to this inquiry dealing with the Native Land Court. This overview is built on their work.

Contents

The Author ...... ii Acknowledgements ...... ii

Introduction ...... 2 Report Scope, Methodology, and Limitations ...... 5 Background to the Commissioning of this Report ...... 8 The Commission ...... 8 Tribunal Statement of Issues ...... 9 The Crown’s Position on the Native Land Court to 1900 ...... 11 Individualisation of Title Undermined Tribal Structures ...... 11 Ten-owner rule ...... 12 Lack of Collective Title ...... 12

Chapter One: The Court comes to Te Raki, 1865–1874 ...... 13 1.1. Introduction ...... 13 1.2. Te Raki in 1865 ...... 13 1.3. Crown Title Takes Hold in Te Raki ...... 16 1.4. The Individualisation of Communal Title ...... 21 1.5. The Limits of the Court's Investigations ...... 26 1.6. Alienation Restrictions and the Court's Protective Responsibilities ...... 32 1.7. Selective, Small-Scale Interaction with the Court...... 38 1.8. Landlessness and the Court: Mahurangi ...... 48 1.8.1. The Waiwera–Puhoi blocks ...... 53 1.8.2. Mangatawhiri and Tawharanui ...... 57 1.8.3. Pakiri ...... 60 1.9. Large-Scale Interaction with the Court Leading to Large-Scale Land Loss: Puhipuhi–Whakapara ...... 64

Chapter Two: The Court and Crown Land Purchasing, 1875–1880 ...... 69 2.1. Introduction ...... 69 2.2. The Court in Control ...... 70 2.3. The Turning Point: 1875–1876 ...... 76

2.4. The Crown Purchasing Process and the Court ...... 82 2.5. The Native Land Act 1873 ...... 84 2.6. Court Operations and Crown Purchasing ...... 86 2.6.1. Pakanae ...... 94 2.6.2. Titling and Acquiring Land in Mangakahia ...... 99 2.6.3. Purua, Tangihua, Wairua, and other Blocks in Whangarei ...... 103 2.6.4. Herd’s Point, Hokianga, June 1875 ...... 107 2.6.5. Judge Maning's Protests ...... 111 2.7. Reserves and the Court's Protective Responsibilities ...... 115 2.8. Alienation Restrictions, and Protections against Fraudulent Transactions ... 118

Chapter Three: The Native Land Court Entrenched and Resisted, 1881–1889 ... 121 3.1. Introduction ...... 121 3.2. The Native Land Court Slowly Entrenched ...... 121 3.3. The Court and Private Purchasing during the 1880s ...... 129 3.3.1. Surveying Costs ...... 135 3.4. The Court and Crown purchasing ...... 136 3.4.1. Hauturu (Little Barrier Island) ...... 137 3.4.2. Puhipuhi ...... 145 3.5. Fragmentation and Partition ...... 149 3.5.1. Whirinaki ...... 152 3.5.2. Punakitere No.2 ...... 155 3.5.3. Pakanae No. 2 ...... 158 3.6. The Economic Results of Interaction with the Court ...... 159 3.7. Resistance to the Court ...... 164 3.7.1. Political Protest ...... 164 3.7.2. Komiti and Runanga ...... 168 3.7.3. Where the Court could not go: The Rohe Potae ...... 174

Chapter Four: Continued Maori Resistance and Renewed Crown Purchasing in the 1890s ...... 178 4.1. Introduction ...... 178 4.2. Keeping Land out of the Court: The Slowing of New Title Determinations .... 178

iii

4.3. Opposition to the Court ...... 183 4.4. The Changing Activities of the Court ...... 189 4.5. The Court and the Return of Crown Purchasing ...... 191 4.6. Mangakahia No. 2 and Whatitiri...... 206 4.7. Kauaeranga and Ngaturipukunui ...... 214 4.8. Omaunu No. 2 ...... 220

Conclusion ...... 226

Bibliography ...... 236

Appendix A: Research Commission ...... 243 Appendix B: Native Land Court Data Methodology and Spreadsheets ...... 245 Introduction ...... 246 Te Paparahi o Te Raki (Te Raki) Inquiry District and its sub-regions ...... 246 Coverage ...... 247 Title Determination Details ...... 247 Rehearings and Appeals ...... 249 Partitioning ...... 249 Evolution of the Court’s Business ...... 249 Survey and other Court-related Costs ...... 249 Protections ...... 250 Compilation and Source Information ...... 250 Title Determination Master Sheet, July 2016 ...... 251 Structure ...... 251 Extent of Auditing and Checking and Limitations of the Data ...... 254 Analysis ...... 255 Data on the Number of Awardees per Block ...... 256 Data on Restrictions on Alienation ...... 256 Data on Native Land Court Case Types ...... 256 Data for Crown Purchases ...... 257 Data for Private Purchasing ...... 257

Appendix C: Title Determination Master Sheet ...... 259 Appendix D: Rigby Crown Grant Sheet ...... 277 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data .... 290 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet ...... 334 Appendix G: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Purchase Data ...... 374

Figures

Figure 1: The Te Paparahi o Te Raki (Te Raki) inquiry district and its sub-regions ...... 1 Figure 2: Map showing the location of blocks discussed in section 1.7 ...... 38 Figure 3: The Mahurangi and Gulf Islands sub-region ...... 47 Figure 4: The Waiwera-Puhoi Blocks ...... 52 Figure 5: The Mangatawhiri and Tawharanui Blocks ...... 57 Figure 6: The Pakiri Block ...... 60 Figure 7: Crown purchasing in the Puhipuhi–Whakapara area ...... 63 Figure 8: The location and major partitions of the Pakanae Block...... 93 Figure 9: Mangakahia blocks purchased by the Crown in the 1870s ...... 98 Figure 10: Purua, Tangihua and other blocks in the Whangarei and Mangakahia sub- regions ...... 103 Figure 11: The Whirinaki Block...... 152 Figure 12: The Punakitere Block ...... 154 Figure 13: The major partitions of Punakitere No. 2 in 1901 ...... 157 Figure 14: Known areas of customary land in 1900 ...... 188 Figure 15: Parahirahi and other Native Land Court blocks at Ngawha ...... 197 Figure 16: The Mangakahia No. 2 and Whatatiri Blocks...... 205 Figure 17: The Kauaeranga and Ngaturipukunui Blocks...... 213 Figure 18: The Omaunu No. 2 Block ...... 219

Tables

Table 1: Land alienated from Maori ownership prior to 1865, Te Raki inquiry district . 15 Table 2: Number of known of blocks and acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1865-1874 period, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 17 Table 3: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court before and after 1874, by sub-region ...... 20 Table 4: Average numbers of awardees per block in the 1865–1874 period, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 24 Table 5: All known Crown Grants issued for blocks of 20,000 acres or more, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 25

Table 6: Number of Crown-granted blocks and acres that had restrictions on alienations placed on them, Te Raki inquiry district, 1865–1875 ...... 35 Table 7: Number of known blocks and acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1865– 1874 period by size range, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 39 Table 8: Number of known blocks and acres titled by the Native Land Court in each year from 1865 to 1874, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 44 Table 9: Number of known blocks and proportion of known acres in the Mahurangi and Gulf Islands sub-region titled by the Native Land Court in each time period ...... 48 Table 10: Number of known blocks and acres titled by the Native Land Court in the Mahurangi and Gulf Islands sub-region by block size range...... 50 Table 11: Number of known blocks and acres titled by the Native Land Court in each time period, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 70 Table 12: Proportion of known acres titled/remaining to be titled in each sub-region by the end of 1880 ...... 71 Table 13: Average number of acres titled per year in each time period, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 72 Table 14: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in each sub-region, 1875–1880 ...... 73 Table 15: Number of known blocks and acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1875–1880 period in Te Raki inquiry district by size range (acres) ...... 74 Table 16: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in the Te Raki inquiry district in each year from 1865 to 1880 ...... 76 Table 17: Number of known acres purchased by the Crown in the Te Raki inquiry district in each year from 1875 to 1880 ...... 79 Table 18: Number of known acres titled compared with the number of known acres purchased by the Crown in each time period, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 81 Table 19: Awardees per block for blocks titled 1875–1880, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 89 Table 20: Average number of awardees for blocks titled by the Native Land Court in each time period, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 89 Table 21: Average number of awardees by block size 1875–1880, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 90 Table 22: Blocks titled and then alienated at the Native Land Court at Herd’s Point, Hokianga in June 1875 ...... 110

vii

Table 23: Number of known blocks and acres titled compared with the number of known acres purchased by the Crown, Te Raki inquiry district, 1881–1889 ...... 122 Table 24: Number of known blocks and acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1880–1889 period, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 124 Table 25: Number of known blocks and acres titled 1881–1889 by size range, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 125 Table 26: Number of known blocks and acres titled in the Te Raki inquiry district and in each sub-region, 1881–1889 ...... 126 Table 27: Number of known acres titled/remaining to be titled by the end of 1889, Te Raki inquiry district and sub-regions ...... 129 Table 28: Number of known blocks and acres titled by the Native Land Court in each year between 1890 and 1899, Te Raki inquiry district...... 179 Table 29: Number of known blocks and acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1890–1899 period, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 180 Table 30: Number of known blocks and acres titled by the Native Land Court in each sub-region, 1890–1899 ...... 181 Table 31: Number of known acres titled/remaining to be titled by the end of 1899, Te Raki inquiry district and sub-regions ...... 181 Table 32: Number of title investigation, partition and succession cases, and other cases dealt with by the Native Land Court in the Te Taitokerau district, in each time period ...... 190 Table 33: Number of known acres purchased by the Crown, Te Raki inquiry district, in each year from 1890 to 1899 ...... 191 Table 34: Average number of awardees per block titled by the Native Land Court in the 1890–1899 period, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 193

Graphs

Graph 1: Proportion of Te Raki inquiry district alienated from Maori ownership prior to 1865 ...... 15 Graph 2: Number of known blocks titled by the Native Land Court in the 1865–1874 period, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 18

viii

Graph 3: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1865–1874 period, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 18 Graph 4: Proportion of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in each time period, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 19 Graph 5: Proportion of known acres titled by the Native Land Court before and after 1874, by sub-region ...... 20 Graph 6: Average numbers of awardees per block in the 1865–1874 period, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 24 Graph 7: Proportion of Crown-granted blocks with restrictions on alienation, Te Raki inquiry district, 1865–1875 ...... 36 Graph 8: Number of known blocks titled by the Native Land Court in the 1865–1874 period by size range, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 40 Graph 9: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1865–1874 period by size range, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 40 Graph 10: Number of known blocks titled by the Native Land Court, Te Raki inquiry district, 1865–1874, with inset showing the pattern in number of blocks titled, 1865– 1899 ...... 45 Graph 11: Number of known blocks in the Mahurangi and Gulf Islands sub-region titled by the Native Land Court in each time period ...... 49 Graph 12: Proportion of known acres in the Mahurangi and Gulf Island sub-region titled by the Native Land Court in each time period ...... 49 Graph 13: Proportion of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in the Mahurangi and Gulf Islands sub-region by block size range ...... 50 Graph 14: Proportion of known acres titled by Native Land Court in each time period, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 70 Graph 15: Proportion of known acres titled/remaining to be titled in each sub-region by the end of 1880 ...... 71 Graph 16: Average number of known acres titled per year in each time period, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 72 Graph 17: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in each sub-region, 1875–1880 ...... 73 Graph 18: Number of known blocks titled by the Native Land Court in the 1875–1880 period in the Te Raki inquiry district by size range (acres) ...... 75

Graph 19: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1875–1880 period in the Te Raki inquiry district by size of block ...... 75 Graph 20: Number of known blocks titled by the Native Land in the Te Raki inquiry district in each year from 1865 to 1880 ...... 77 Graph 21: Number of known acres purchased by the Crown in the Te Raki inquiry district in each year from 1875 to 1880 ...... 80 Graph 22: Proportion of acres purchased by the Crown each year in the Te Raki inquiry district between 1875 and 1880 ...... 80 Graph 23: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court compared to the number of known acres purchased by the Crown in the 1875–1880 period, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 81 Graph 24: Proportion of known blocks titled by the Native Land Court in the period 1875–1880 by number of awardees, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 89 Graph 25: Average number of awardees for known blocks titled by the Native Land Court in each time period, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 90 Graph 26: Comparison of the number of known acres titled and the number of known acres purchased by the Crown, Te Raki inquiry district, 1881–1889 ...... 123 Graph 27: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1880–1889 period, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 124 Graph 28: Number of known blocks titled by the Native Land Court in the 1881–1889 period by size range, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 125 Graph 29: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1881–1889 period by size range, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 126 Graph 30: Number of known blocks titled by the Native Land Court in the 1881–1889 period in the Te Raki inquiry district and in each sub-region ...... 127 Graph 31: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1881–1889 period in the Te Raki inquiry district and in each sub-region ...... 127 Graph 32: Proportion of known acres titled/remaining to be titled by the end of 1889, Te Raki inquiry district and sub-regions ...... 129 Graph 33: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in each year between 1890 and 1899, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 179 Graph 34: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in each sub-region, 1890-1899 ...... 181

Graph 35: Proportion of known acres titled/remaining to be titled by the end of 1899, Te Raki inquiry district and sub-regions ...... 182 Graph 36: Title investigation, partition and succession cases, and other cases as a proportion of all court business by time period, Te Taitokerau district ...... 190 Graph 37: Number of known acres purchased by the Crown, Te Raki inquiry district, in each year from 1890 to 1899 ...... 192 Graph 38: Average number of awardees per block titled by the Native Land Court in the 1890–1899 period, Te Raki inquiry district ...... 193

Figure 1: The Te Paparahi o Te Raki (Te Raki) inquiry district and its sub-regions

Introduction This report provides an overview of the Native Land Court in Te Paparahi o Te Raki between 1865 and 1900. It is a summary and synthesis of the many pieces of technical evidence to this inquiry that deal, in differing ways, with the Native Land Court. This report aims to bring together, in one readily accessible document, some of their key findings and investigate how the Court impacted upon Maori communities in Te Raki. My focus has been on identifying broad patterns and regional variations and similarities. I have not attempted to touch on every issue related to the Court in Te Raki or to detail in minutiae all of its operations.

The report is organised around four chronological periods. Chapter one looks at the period between 1865 and 1874, when Te Raki Maori brought an estimated 39.1 percent of their land under the Native Land Court system. David Armstrong and Evald Subasic suggest that this period was the highpoint of Te Raki Maori optimism and interaction with the Court.

However, there was no headlong rush towards the Crown's new tenurial system and initial enthusiasm for the Court quickly cooled. Throughout this period, Te Raki Maori kept most of their land in customary tenure while seeking Court-awarded title over select areas.

Nonetheless, Te Raki Maori were drawn to the Court because it was – and would remain – the only way in which they could gain legally recognised title over their land and sell it if they chose to do so. With only sporadic Crown purchasing in the area during this period, the immediate risks to Maori of Court title were restricted. Instead, individual Maori gained title over generally small areas that were then sold or leased to individual Pakeha. Secure, Crown-recognised title was also attractive to Te Raki Maori in areas subject to tribal or local disputes or threatened in other ways. For Te Raki Maori, the impact of these many small-scale hearings was mixed and complex. The full consequences of the Court's individualisation of customary title would become more apparent in later periods.

The new Court regime had a more dramatic effect in the parts of Te Raki where Crown purchasing was most intense, especially in Mahurangi and around Puhipuhi– Whakapara. In these areas, the Court awarded large blocks of Maori land to a few individuals who were already under, or would soon come under, pressure to sell. It did not place alienation restrictions on most of these lands or closely investigate whether other Maori were connected and relied on them. The result was that a few years after title determinations were complete, Mahurangi Maori were virtually landless while most of Puhipuhi-Whakapara had been purchased by the Crown.

Chapter two examines the period between 1875 and 1880 – key years that, more than any other time, determined the Native Land Court's impact upon Te Raki. No other period would see so much land titled by the Court and purchased by the Crown. During this time, the Native Land Court system cemented its dominance in Te Raki and emerged as a key element in the Crown's land purchasing programme in the region. It awarded large areas of communally controlled land to small numbers of individual Maori who were already arranging to sell to the Crown. This led to unsuccessful protests from Judge F E Maning that the Court's legislative, protective, and investigative responsibilities were being ignored in a rush to facilitate Crown purchase. From this point onwards, the Native Land Court was inextricably connected, in the view of Te Raki Maori, with harmful land loss.

Chapter three examines the rising resistance to the Native Land Court by Te Raki Maori. It was increasingly clear, by the 1880s, that extensive Court hearings and the unprecedented levels of land loss of the mid and late 1870s had damaged local communities and their economy. Not only had most of their land been lost, but local Maori were largely unable to farm or develop the Court-titled land that remained in their possession. Resistance to the Court took many forms, including political protest, use of Maori committees and runanga to adjudicate on land issues, and the establishment of a Rohe Potae around Motatau in which use of the Court was prohibited.

This resistance – and diminishing pressure from Crown purchasers – meant local Maori increasingly refused to bring their remaining customary land into the Court system.

Nonetheless, by the 1880s, the Court was an entrenched feature of Te Raki Maori life and even its staunchest opponents were unable to avoid the institution altogether. It was the only way in which local Maori could gain legal title over their land. To not participate in title determination would allow others to gain and sell the land. By the end of the decade, over 77 percent of Maori-owned land in the inquiry district had been clothed in Court title. The Court continued to award land to a few claimants– prospective vendors without closely considering how this could affect local Maori communities. During this period, there were also a number of protracted, divisive, and expensive hearings involving larger blocks that led eventually to Crown purchase.

Chapter four examines the strengthening resistance to the Court in the 1890s amidst a resumption of large-scale Crown purchasing in the area. During this period, the key link between the Court and Maori land loss remained unaltered: the Court issued legal title to individual Maori who could sell their interests without reference to the wider community. Nonetheless, a new type of interaction between Court and the Crown’s land purchasing agents had emerged. Crown agents no longer sought to influence – implicitly or explicitly – Court decisions. Instead, they exploited and benefited from them.

During this decade, the Court regularly awarded blocks to dozens or even hundreds of individual Maori owners. This hyper-individualised title was matched by a new method of Crown purchasing. Crown agents no longer made advance payments and entered into pre-title negotiations with a few select individuals. Instead, they waited until the Court had identified all the many legal owners of a block before gradually acquiring their uneconomic, undefined interests. If some owners refused to sell, the Court would partition out the sellers’ and non-sellers’ interests, awarding to the Crown large and generally contiguous areas of land. Non-sellers were often left with small, isolated areas highly vulnerable to continuing partition and purchase and burdened by survey and other court-related costs. Maori land in Te Raki was mired in a cycle of fragmentation, individualisation and alienation.

This new phase of Court-facilitated Crown purchasing deepened the resistance of Te Raki Maori to the entire official titling process. They attempted, often in association with the Kotahitanga movement, to boycott the Court and have it replaced. Non-Government

4 sanctioned native committees continued to operate in the area while a cluster of lands, including the Rohe Potae, remained under customary control. These attempts to avoid the Court, while not completely successful, resulted in a decided drop in the amount of Maori land in Te Raki that was coming under the Crown's tenurial system.

By 1900, Maori life in Te Raki had been transformed. The Court system was major factor in the alienation of most Maori-owned land in the region and the landlessness or near- landlessness of many communities. The Court system had altered almost beyond recognition the communal structures and land tenure of most local communities. It had failed to replace this traditional tenure with a stable and appropriate form of land ownership that allowed Te Raki Maori to thrive in the new colonial economy.

Nonetheless, Te Raki Maori resistance to the Court had, against considerable odds, achieved some significant victories. An estimated 17.8 percent of Maori-owned land in the region in 1865 remained under customary tenure in 1900.1 This made Te Paparahi o Te Raki one of the few parts of New Zealand at the turn of the twentieth century with substantial areas of customary land. As other reports to this inquiry discuss, Te Raki Maori would, in the early part of the twentieth century, continue to be at the forefront of Maori attempts to find an alternative to the Native Land Court.

Report Scope, Methodology, and Limitations This report provides an overview of the Native Land Court in Te Paparahi o Te Raki between 1865 and 1900. At the outset, it should be noted that my report is not intended to be an exhaustive discussion on the Court in the inquiry district. That would be a massive enterprise far exceeding the scope of the commission and the time available. Instead, my aim is to provide a summary and synthesis of available evidence relating to the Native Land Court on the record of inquiry and to highlight key themes and issues.

A key source in this endeavour is David Armstrong and Evald Subasic's report on land and politics in the inquiry district, which includes considerable analysis of the role of the Native Land Court. Paula Berghan's narratives provide basic information and

1 See chapter 1 5

sources on the many individual blocks within the inquiry district. A large amount of technical and tangata whenua evidence discuss specific blocks and areas.

Another goal of this report has been to examine patterns and variations in Court activity and impact across the five sub-regions that make up the inquiry district (Figure 1).2 This has borne inconsistent results. As will be discussed, it is both possible and useful to consider the Mahurangi and Gulf Islands sub-region as a distinct geographical entity with a unique relationship to the Court. This area was subject to sustained Crown purchasing before 1865 at a level unmatched elsewhere in the inquiry district. Immediately after the Court's introduction to Te Raki, Mahurangi Maori went to the Court seeking legal title over virtually all the remaining Maori-owned land. The great majority of this land was subsequently alienated, mainly by the Crown.

The other inquiry sub-regions – namely, Whangarei, the Bay of Islands, Hokianga, and Whangaroa – did not have such a clearly defined, individual interaction with the Court. The Waitangi Tribunal's contemporary boundaries for these sub-regions do not correspond closely to the Court's activities. The report does attempt to discuss the Court's processes and influence in each of these four hearing regions. But it has proven more useful to look at the Court's impact over these four sub-regions, and the entire inquiry area, as a whole. This is integrated with examinations and case studies examining the Court’s impact on particular local communities, areas and blocks.

Given the limits of the available source evidence, this report does not address in detail a number of issues mentioned in the commission. For instance, while the report does outline specific evidence relating to survey and other Court costs incurred by the Maori applicants, a systematic assessment of the issue has not been attempted. Similarly, I have sighted relatively little specific evidence on the role of Native Assessors in the Court process. Appendix B discusses in more detail whether evidence was available for specific issues raised in the commission.

2 As explained in Appendix B, the boundaries for these sub-regions were defined by the Waitangi Tribunal in 2005. 6

I would like to stress a crucial, if obvious, limitation to this report. It deals only sparingly with the overall context in which the Court operated. A key theme for this report is the link between the Court system and the Crown's purchase of Maori land within Te Raki. I do not mean to suggest by this that the Court was the only factor in Crown purchasing. The nature of Court title, at least at certain times and situations, made it easier for the Crown to purchase Maori land in Te Raki. But a detailed assessment on the reasons why local Maori sold land is largely beyond the scope of this report.

It is also important to reiterate that the report, as a whole, is not based on original research. Given the focus of the commission and time constraints, I have not examined many undoubtedly useful primary sources. In particular, a thorough study of the relevant Native Land Court minute books has not been attempted. Instead, I have relied on the extracts and summaries of minute book material contained within a number of the reports submitted to this inquiry.

Another limitation has been that, at the time of writing, a number of reports relating to specific blocks were not complete. In these cases, I have cited and relied on the latest drafts available to me. All quotations are derived from the technical evidence rather than from the original sources. I have not used macrons for words, names, or place names in Te Reo Maori.

The statistical information, tables, and graphs in this report are based on research carried out by Leanne Boulton, Senior Research Analyst/Inquiry Facilitator at the Waitangi Tribunal with the assistance of other Tribunal staff members. Dr Barry Rigby's research on Crown grants issued for blocks in the inquiry district has also been used. In appendix B, Ms Boulton discusses the statistical methodology used in more detail.

But it is worthwhile to note here that these statistics, tables, and graphs are intended to provide a useful and, as far as is possible, reliable snapshot into the Court's activities and impact. They do not claim to be precise or definitive beyond scrutiny. The Court's notoriously unreliable record-keeping is just one factor among many that would render such a claim to be foolhardy. Instead, the more one delves into the Native Land Court's nineteenth-century activities in Te Raki, the more one is aware of the uncertainties and

confusion that surrounded and still surrounds the institution. This overview is an attempt to cut through some of that confusion while remaining cognisant that, despite the many valuable reports to this Tribunal dealing with the Court in Te Raki, much remains unknown.

Background to the Commissioning of this Report This report was commissioned by the Waitangi Tribunal as part of the local issues research programme (LIRP) for the Te Paparahi o Te Raki (Wai 1040) inquiry.

In October 2013, the Chief Historian of the Waitangi Tribunal produced a review of the evidence required for Stage 2 of the Te Paparahi o Te Raki (Te Raki) inquiry.3 In regard to the Native Land Court from 1865 to 1910, he concluded that there was generally ‘insufficient research coverage at the sub-regional and local levels of the history of Maori land during this period, especially as experienced by local Maori communities’.4 As a consequence, he recommended that a coordinated suite of research into the Native Land Court be commissioned including: • case (or local) studies of native land blocks, 1865–1910; • a report on the operation of the papatupu block committees system; • a report into the local impact of Native Land Court processes and decisions on Maori communities, and; • validation reviews of Native Land Court block titling and alienation data.5 Consultation with the parties regarding these recommendations then took place, including a judicial conference at Waitangi on 16 November 2013. On 24 December 2013, Judge Coxhead, the presiding officer for this inquiry, issued a direction approving the commissioning of a report on the ‘local impact of Native Land Court processes and decisions on Maori communities, 1865–1900’.6

The Commission

3 Richard Moorsom, ‘Te Paparahi o Te Raki Local Issues Research Review’, 25 October 2013 (Wai 1040, Doc 6.2.13) 4 Wai 1040, #6.2.13, p 32 5 Wai 1040, #6.2.13, p 38 6 Presiding officer, memorandum directions addressing submissions on the local issues review and confirming, in outline, the local issues research programme for Stage 2 of the Te Paparahi o Te Raki inquiry, 24 December 2013 (Wai 1040, #2.6.51) 8

Given the limited time available, the scope of this report was narrowed with the aim of producing an overview of the role of the Native Land Court and its processes in the titling, retention and alienation of Maori-owned land in the Te Raki inquiry district from 1865 to 1900. A major aim was to analyse patterns and variations in Court activity across the region and over time.

The report was commissioned on 20 June 2016 (attached to this report as appendix A). The report was to address the following matters to the extent that source information is available and accessible and that time permits:

a) What sub-regional patterns can be identified in the operation of the Native Land Court in the Te Paparahi o Te Raki inquiry region up to 1900 in respect of initial title determination and subsequent litigation, partitioning, the notification, location and length of Court hearings, the evolution of Court business (in particular partitions and successions), the judges and assessors involved, and the survey and other Court-related costs incurred by Maori applicants?

b) What sub-regional patterns can be identified in the protections provided through the Court process in the inquiry region?

c) What sub-regional patterns can be identified, in broad terms, concerning the outcomes of the Court's operation in respect of the titling, retention and alienation of Maori-owned land in the inquiry region up to 1900?7

Tribunal Statement of Issues This report is relevant to topic 5 of the Te Raki Statement of Issues for Stage 2: ‘The Native Land Court, 1865–1900’. In particular, it contributes towards answering the following specific issues questions:

7 Presiding officer, memorandum directions commissioning Paul Thomas to prepare a research report concerning the major sub-regional patterns in the operation of the Native Land Court in the Te Paparahi o Te Raki inquiry region from 1865 to 1900, 20 June 2016 (Wai 1040, #2.3.52) 9

d. What was the nature of, and reasons for, Maori engagement with the Native Land Court process in the Te Raki inquiry region? What was the impact of the Native Land Court on Te Raki Maori who chose not to engage with it? Did Maori have any alternative way of transacting their lands other than by first obtaining a Crown title through the Native Land Court system?

e. How did the institution of a new native land tenure system impact on the exercise of traditional leadership, tikanga, and community decision making in respect of land?

g. Was the Native Land Court an appropriate body, with robust processes and mechanisms, to determine the customary ‘owners’ of Maori land? Did the Native Land Court require certainty as to the identity of the parties transacting land and their authority to do so before determining title? To what extent were Te Raki Maori experts,

or matauranga Māori, relied on in determinations of Maori customary rights? i. How did the Native Land Court system impact on Te Raki Maori whanau and hapu, on their identity, their traditional connections to the whenua, their tikanga, their wairua, their whakapapa, and on their way of life?

j. Did the Court’s development and application of principles of succession reflect the transmission of rights under tikanga? What was the effect of these succession principles on Te Raki Maori landowners?

k. Did the Crown have a duty to ensure that the rules and procedures affecting prior notification and the conduct of the Native Land Court hearings were fair and reasonable for Te Raki Maori? Was the Crown aware of difficulties that may have arisen, and did it act adequately to address problems such as non-attendance of all right holders? m. What was the impact of participation in the Native Land Court process for Maori, including court fees, survey costs, attendance costs, medical costs, loss of income and roading deductions? Did the impact vary from whanau to whanau? In what ways, if at all, did the Crown seek to mitigate these costs? To what extent were these costs fair and reasonable?

10 n. Were protective mechanisms, such as restrictions on alienation, available to Maori landowners? How were these mechanisms used, if at all, and what impact did they have? o. Did Te Raki Maori demonstrate any opposition towards the operations of the Native Land Court? If yes, how did the Crown respond, and was this response adequate? q. To what extent, if any, were legislative protections, such as restrictions on alienation, available to Te Raki Maori landowners, and what impact did these have? Were these protections sufficient to address perceived problems arising from the impact of the Native land legislation and the operation of both the Native Land legislation and Native Land Court? Were protections associated with the Native Land Court process made sufficiently clear to Te Raki Maori and was there an obligation on the Crown to ensure such protections were effective? r. Did the title options available to Te Raki Maori provide sufficiently for effective participation in the developing colonial economy?’8

The Crown’s Position on the Native Land Court to 1900 The Crown has made a number of concessions in the Te Raki inquiry regarding the operation of the Native Land Court and its impact on Maori communities between 1865 and 1900. These include:

Individualisation of Title Undermined Tribal Structures • The Crown concedes that the operation and impact of the native land laws, in particular the award of land to individuals and enabling individuals to deal with land

withoutfragmentation reference and toalienation. iwi or hapū, This made undermined those lands traditional more susceptibletribal structures to partition, which were based on collective tribal and hapu custodianship of the land. The Crown failed to protect those collective tribal structures which had a prejudicial effect on the iwi

8 Final statement of issues for Stage 2 Generic Hearings, 5 December 2012, Wai 1040, #1.4.2, pp 15–17 11

andTreaty hapū of Waitangi of Te Paparahi and its principles. o Te Raki and was a breach of Te Tiriti o Waitangi/the

Ten-owner rule • The Crown concedes that the 10-owner rule had the potential to cause prejudice to Maori in circumstances where:

o some right holders were omitted from titles and disposed of their interests as a result;

o the named owners acted individually in a manner contrary to the wishes or intentions of the wider community; and

o there was a subsequent succession of interests where there was no allowance for wider community interests. • The Crown concedes that in these circumstances the ten-owner rule did not operate in a manner that reflected the Crown’s obligation to actively protect the interests of Maori in land they may otherwise have wished to retain in communal ownership and this was a breach of Te Tiriti o Waitangi/the Treaty of Waitangi and its principles.

Lack of Collective Title • The Crown concedes that its failure to provide a legal means for the collective administration of Maori land until 1894 was a breach of Te Tiriti o Waitangi/ the Treaty of Waitangi and its principles by failing to actively protect Maori interests in land they may otherwise have wished to retain in communal ownership.9

9 Wai 1040, #1.4.2, p 15 12

1. Chapter One: The Court comes to Te Raki, 1865– 1874 1.1. Introduction This chapter looks at the first decade of Native Land Court activities in Te Paparahi o Te Raki. Te Raki Maori showed considerable initial interest in the Crown's new tenurial system. The reason for this was only too apparent. The Native Land Court was the only means by which they could gain legally recognised title to their land – and sell parts of it if they so chose. Between 1865 and 1874, well over a third of Maori-owned land in the inquiry district was brought under the Court system and hundreds of new blocks were established.

The consequences of this new system, and especially the fact that individuals became the absolute, legal owners of land that had previously been communally controlled, would prove to be vast. It is no exaggeration to say that the introduction of the Court began a process of transformation and irrevocable change for local communities. Over time, the Court system would be an important factor in massive land loss in the region and come to be viewed by many Te Raki chiefs as a central threat to their people and their land. But between 1865 and 1874, the ultimate impact of the Court system was by no means certain. This chapter examines the diverse early experiences of Te Raki Maori with the Native Land Court.

1.2. Te Raki in 1865 The Native Land Court arrived at a precarious time for Maori in the Te Paparahi o Te Raki inquiry district.10 Trying to reinvigorate a stagnant economy and an increasingly marginalised region, Maori had from the 1840s 'sold' considerable amounts of land to the Crown, including some of their most economically important areas. Vincent O'Malley argues that Te Raki Maori expected – and had been promised – that these transactions would bring them economic development through increased European settlement, infrastructure, and constructive engagement with the Crown.11 But by 1865 and the arrival of the Crown's new tenurial system, the promised townships and

10 Vincent O’Malley, ‘Northland Crown Purchase, 1840–1865’, CFRT, 2006, Wai 1040, A6, p 515 11 O’Malley, A6, p 515 13

progress were nowhere to be seen. The majority of Te Raki Maori were reliant on the gum trade for their subsistence and survival, while their ability to utilise their land in more sustainable ways, including growing, processing, and trading food, was contracting.12

Rather than encouraging prosperity and accord, the pre-1865 transactions had resulted in confusion and mistrust. O'Malley argues that the Crown purchases were 'frequently so poorly conceived, implemented and documented as to lack all validity’.13 The overlapping and sometimes shambolic nature of these transactions, and the Crown's failure to define clearly the land it was claiming to purchase, frustrates attempts to assess precisely how much land was alienated.

Nonetheless, the submissions to this Tribunal on pre-1865 Crown purchasing agree that by 1865, Te Raki Maori had legally lost ownership of a significant portion of their tribal estate. O'Malley estimates that the Crown purchased nearly 800,000 acres prior to 1865.14 The Crown, in its statement of position and concession (SOPAC) for this inquiry, states that it purchased 853,446 acres and, when factoring in old land claims and pre- emptive waivers, that Te Raki Maori had lost a total of 1,145,124 acres by 1865.15 Barry Rigby's validation reports provide somewhat lower but still substantial figures. He posits that by 1865 a total of 765,197 acres had been alienated in Te Raki, including 522,034 acres through Crown purchases.16 Only about 14,000 acres of land was reserved from these purchases for future Maori use and even these were not safe from alienation. By 1865, the Crown had already purchased some of these reserves and would acquire more in the coming years.17

12 Nicolas Bayley, ‘Aspects of Maori Economic Development and Capability in the Te Paparahi o Te Raki Inquiry Region (Wai 1040) from 1840 to c.2000’, Waitangi Tribunal, 2013, Wai 1040, E41, p 62 13 O’Malley, A6, p 516 14 O'Malley, A6, p 516 15 Wai #1.3.2(e), Table 1 16 Barry Rigby, ‘Validation review of the Crown’s tabulated data on land titling and alienation for the Te Paparahi o Te Raki inquiry region: Crown purchases 1866-1900’, Waitangi Tribunal, 2016, Wai 1040, A56, p 11. Rigby emphasises that the lack of scientifically accurate surveying in Te Raki before 1872, and the difficulty of assessing the amount of overlap between Crown purchases and old land claims, means that these are best estimates only. 17 Barry Rigby, ‘Pre-1865 Te Raki Crown Purchase Validation report’, Waitangi Tribunal, 2016, Wai 1040, A53, p 6; Rigby, A56, p 2 14

By 1865 and the introduction of the Native Land Court, Te Raki Maori retained in customary tenure an estimated 55 percent of the inquiry district.

Table 1: Land alienated from Maori ownership prior to 1865, Te Raki inquiry district

Method of alienation Acres % of estimated total area Old Land Claims 219,013.3 12.9% Pre-emptive waiver claims 24,149.9 1.4% Pre-1865 Crown purchases 522,034.0 30.7% Total alienated before 1865 765,197.2 45.0% Total known acres remaining as customary land at 1865 935,754.6 55.0% Total known acres 1,700,951.8 100.0% (Alienation figures are derived from Rigby, ‘Pre-1865 Te Raki Crown Purchase Validation report’, Wai 1040, A53, p 11. Total known acres remaining as customary land at 1865 is the sum acreage of the 1,058 Native Land Court blocks identified to date – see title determination master sheet in Appendix C).18

Graph 1: Proportion of Te Raki inquiry district alienated from Maori ownership prior to 1865

Total alienated before 1865 45.0% Total known acres 55.0% remaining as customary land at 1865

With regard to the five sub-regions established for this inquiry, the communities of Mahurangi and the Hauraki Gulf Islands had lost the largest percentage of their lands. They were, as the Crown has conceded, 'virtually landless' by 1865.19 But land alienation had significantly affected all the hearings districts, although it would take

18 See methodology in Appendix B for an explanation of the Crown and GIS calculated total areas for the Te Raki inquiry district. 19 ‘Final Crown Statement of Position and Concessions’, 2012, Wai 1040, #1.3.2, p 1 15

some years for the Crown to assert practical control over its acquisitions. According to some calculations, the Crown and Europeans had acquired 56 percent of land in the Whangaroa sub-region by 1865. Whangarei, the largest of the sub-regions, had also seen large-scale land purchasing, and perhaps 40 percent of the area was no longer legally in Maori ownership. A combination of old land claims, pre-emptive waivers, and Crown purchasing had alienated approximately 45 percent of Maori land, including some of the most valuable areas, in the Bay of Islands.20 There were apparently no pre-1865 Crown purchases in Hokianga but local Maori had lost legal ownership of around a quarter of the area due to Crown grants following private transactions.21

In short, the Native Land Court had a vital and delicate responsibility in Te Raki. Many local Maori considered legally recognized title was essential if they were to develop their lands, control the alienation process and interact productively with Europeans. The Native Land Court was the only means by which that title could be gained. As will now be discussed, the Court system had an immediate impact in Te Raki.

1.3. Crown Title Takes Hold in Te Raki Between 1865 and 1874, the Native Land Court had a significant albeit varied impact upon Te Raki. In a few areas, it almost completely swept away customary Maori title with large-scale land loss quickly following. Elsewhere, local Maori interacted with the Court more sparingly, receiving legal title over parts of their land while keeping substantial areas outside of the Court system. Despite these important local variations, in many ways this first decade represented the highpoint of interaction between the Native Land Court and Te Raki Maori. More of their land went before the Court in this period than in any other chronological period used for this report.

20 O’Malley, A6, p 15 21 Wai 1040, #1.3.2, pp 11, 14-23. These estimates of the percentage of land loss should be taken as indications only. They are from the Crown's concessions but it should be remembered that in A56, p 6, and elsewhere, Barry Rigby argues that the Crown has over-estimated pre-1865 land loss and under- estimated post-1865 land loss in Te Raki in terms of acres. Moreover, the lack of precise and agreed figures on the size of either the sub-regions or the inquiry district as a whole renders attempts to give percentages of land loss more problematic still. Any attempt to come up with a percentage of total land loss must therefore be heavily qualified. 16

From 1865 onwards virtually all remaining customary Maori land in Te Raki came under the Native Land Court system. This transformation was well underway by the end of the Court's first decade. By 1874, the Court had awarded individual title to 325,200.2 acres, 39.1 percent of all Maori-owned land in the inquiry district in which the date of titling is known (see table and graphs below).22 The total amount of land titled during this first decade exceeded even the extraordinary years from 1875 to 1880 when the Court worked frantically to keep up with the Crown's purchasing programme in Te Raki.23

Table 2: Number of known of blocks and acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1865-1874 period, Te Raki inquiry district

Time period No. blocks titled % of blocks Acres titled % of known acres 1865-1874 469 49.2% 325,200.2 39.1% 1875-1880 202 21.2% 255,860.3 30.7% 1881-1889 75 7.9% 62,132.4 7.5% 1890-1899 61 6.4% 41,427.3 5.0% 1900-1920 116 12.2% 146,191.7 17.6% After 1920 31 3.2% 1,673.1 0.2% Total 954 100.0% 832,485.1 100.0% (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C) NB: This excludes 104 blocks (103,269.5 acres) where date of titling is unknown

22 Note that the percentage of previously customary land titled in any period is based on the customary land that was titled in a known period. It excludes those lands that were titled at an unknown time. It also excludes the unknown amount of land that remains in customary title today. Evidence of how much, if any, customary land currently remains in Maori ownership in the inquiry district is not available, although it is assumed that it is a relatively small amount. 23 The short period between 1875 and 1880 had a higher average acreage of title determination per year than the longer period between 1865 and 1874. 17

Graph 2: Number of known blocks titled by the Native Land Court in the 1865– 1874 period, Te Raki inquiry district

500 469 450 400 350 300 250 202 200

No. blocks titled 150 116 100 75 61 50 31 0 1865-1874 1875-1880 1881-1889 1890-1899 1900-1920 After 1920 Time period

Graph 3: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1865– 1874 period, Te Raki inquiry district

350,000.0 325,200.2

300,000.0 255,860.3 250,000.0

200,000.0 146,191.7 150,000.0 Acres titled 100,000.0 62,132.4 41,427.3 50,000.0 1,673.1 0.0 1865-1874 1875-1880 1881-1889 1890-1899 1900-1920 After 1920 Time period

Graph 4: Proportion of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in each time period, Te Raki inquiry district

0.2%

17.6% 1865-1874 1875-1880 5.0% 39.1% 1881-1889 7.5% 1890-1899 1900-1920 30.7% After 1920

The immediate impact of the Court is more notable still when the number of blocks established in its first decade is considered. There are records of when 954 Native Land Court blocks in the Te Raki inquiry district were titled between 1865 and 1990. Just under half of these (469 blocks representing 49.2 percent) were created between 1865 and 1874. In no subsequent period would Te Raki Maori seek title over so many blocks.

If anything, these numbers under-estimate how quickly the Crown's titling system took hold in the Te Raki region. The statistics for the first decade do not take into account the blocks, some of them large in size, where the land titling process had begun but had not been completed.

The Court had considerable initial impact upon all five sub-regions in the Te Raki inquiry district albeit with one significant variation. As detailed below, by 1874 nearly all remaining Maori-owned land in Mahurangi and the Gulf Islands was under the Crown's tenurial system. In all but the Whangaroa sub-region, approximately one-third of Maori-owned land had passed through the Court by 1874. In the Whangaroa area just over 20 percent of the known Maori customary land had been titled by the Court by 1874.

Table 3: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court before and after 1874, by sub-region

Sub-regions Acres titled by 1874 % titled by 1874 Acres titled after 1874 % titled after 1874 Bay of Islands 54,888.3 33.1% 110,720.9 66.9% Hokianga 62,232.0 34.4% 118,646.0 65.6% Mahurangi 40,534.5 79.4% 10,547.3 20.6% Whangarei 141,228.6 40.3% 209,444.0 59.7% Whangaroa 15,877.8 23.3% 52,213.7 76.7% Te Raki 325,200.2 39.1% 507,284.9 60.9% (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C) Excludes 104 blocks (103,269.5 acres) where date of titling is unknown

Graph 5: Proportion of known acres titled by the Native Land Court before and after 1874, by sub-region

% titled by 1874 % titled after 1874

100.0%

90.0% 20.6%

80.0%

70.0% 59.7% 60.9% 66.9% 65.6% 60.0% 76.7%

50.0%

40.0% 79.4%

30.0%

20.0% Proportion of acres titled/yet to be titled be to titled/yet acres of Proportion 40.3% 39.1% 33.1% 34.4% 10.0% 23.3%

0.0% Bay of Islands Hokianga Mahurangi Whangarei Whangaroa Te Raki Sub-regions

There were important local variations in the degree of interaction with the Court within the individual sub-regions. But it is clear that by 1874 customary tenure in the Te Raki district as a whole was under challenge. The Crown's tenurial system had taken a significant step towards completely extinguishing customary tenure. Some of the key early features of this transformation will now be discussed.

1.4. The Individualisation of Communal Title As many works have argued, the Native Land Acts, under which the Native Land Court operated, were shaped by two interrelated ambitions. The Acts were intended by the Crown to facilitate the purchase of Maori land and extinguish tribal tenure.24 Initially, the second part of this agenda progressed more quickly in Te Raki than the first. This is because from 1865 to 1874 there was no sustained Crown purchasing programme in the inquiry district. Pre-emption had, according to many officials, not led to the purchase of sufficient amount of Maori land. Settlers were now to be allowed and encouraged to directly purchase Maori land themselves.25 However, private purchasing and settler interest in Te Raki during this period proved to be limited while the Auckland Provincial Government sought to acquire only specific areas. The extent of land alienated during the Court's first decade in Te Raki varied considerably depending on locality.

Despite this, the Court's initial impact in Te Raki was anything but minor. Submissions to this inquiry argue that traditional tenure in the district revolved around communal, conditional and overlapping land rights.26 But between 1865 and 1875, almost 40 percent of Maori-owned land in the inquiry district was rendered the legal property of individual Maori. This helped lay the foundations for later land purchasing on a massive scale and the gradual weakening of communal land use and society.

According to Armstrong and Subasic, it did not initially appear that the Native Land Court would have such a radical and destructive impact on Te Raki. Many local leaders and communities showed initial enthusiasm for gaining legal title over their land and the Court seemed to offer them considerable collective control over the title adjudication process. Under the Native Lands Act 1862, tribes rather than individuals could apply for Court hearings. Two Maori 'judges' or assessors and a European

24 Alan Ward, National Overview, 3 vols, Waitangi Tribunal Rangahaua Whanui Series (Wellington: GP Publications, 1997), vol 2, pp 248-250; David Armstrong and Evald Subasic, ‘Northern Land and Politics, 1860 – 1910', An Overview Report prepared for CFRT, 2007, Wai 1040, A12, pp 297, 309, 311, 312-313 25 Donald M. Loveridge, 'The Origins of the Native Land Acts and Native Land Court in New Zealand', Crown Law Office, 2000, Wai 1040, E26, pp 232-235 26 Manuka Henare, Hazel Petrie and Adrienne Puckey, ‘“He Whenua Rangatira” Northern Landscape Overview (Hokianga, Whangaroa, Bay of Islands, Whangarei, Mahurangi and Gulf Islands)’, CFRT, 2009, Wai 1040, A37, pp 357-359 21

president, in conjunction with local communities, would investigate and establish defined tribal boundaries. The Governor would confirm the Court's decisions and, if deemed necessary, set aside tribal and individual reserves to ensure that Maori maintained sufficient lands. Once the tribal area had been defined, registered, and carefully surveyed, the tribe would then have the option, if it so wished, to subdivide parts of the area into smaller units legally held by families and groups or to sell areas directly to settlers.27

The Act became operative in 1864 and Native Land Courts were established, including under Judge John Rogan in the Kaipara and Whangarei district, and under Judge George Clarke in Hokianga.28 Between 250 and 400 Maori attended hearings in Whangarei under Judge Rogan.29 However, this early manifestation of the Court had little direct impact on Maori land in Te Raki. The Court did not attempt to define tribal boundaries and few if any specific blocks in the inquiry district were established.30

It was the Native Lands Act 1865 that shaped the character of the Court and its early role in Te Raki. Under this Act, the Court system was a vehicle for the individualisation of title to Maori land with little scope for collective Maori ownership and utilisation of land. Legal title to Maori land could be issued to a maximum of 10 individuals. The land was absolutely vested in these individuals through certificate of title and subsequent Crown grant even if these owners often saw themselves as acting as trustees or representatives for wider communities.31 The Act did have one avenue for collective, corporate ownership. Blocks of over 5,000 acres could be granted to tribal groups. However, no tribal title was issued in Te Raki. Armstrong and Subasic suggest that this was because it was generally understood by judges in the area that the role of the Court was to destroy rather than to perpetuate communal tenure.32

27 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 284-285 28 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 299-304 29 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 299-304, 307-308 30 Crown Grants List, research carried out by Dr Barry Rigby. Archival reference: ABWN, 8090, W5374. Included in Appendices D and E of this report. This research suggests that only two Te Raki Crown grants were issued to blocks titled under the Native Lands Act 1862. 31 Claudia Geiringer, 'Historical Background to the Muriwhenua Land Claim, 1865-1950', 1992, Wai 45, F10, pp 74-78 32 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 312 22

Instead, even large blocks of over 5,000 acres were granted to just a few individuals. The individualisation of Maori land ownership, and the consequent legal dispossession of legitimate rights holders not included in the title, continued to spread even after the passing of the Native Lands Act 1867. Section 17 of this Act allowed the Court, in addition to the maximum of 10 principal owners named on the title, to list all those who held interests in the block, be they individuals or tribes, in the Court records and on an attachment to the certificate of title. This provision neither allowed general communal ownership of land nor did it constitute a clear legal requirement that the principal owners be considered trustees for the wider group. Nonetheless, it seemed to offer some limited protection for Maori and was, as Claudia Geiringer writes, legislative acknowledgement that the 10-owner system was insufficient to protect the interests of all legitimate claimants to Maori land.33

The Court in Te Raki rarely invoked this provision of listing a wider group of secondary 'owners'. This may have reflected Chief Judge Fenton's hostility to section 17, which he viewed as inconsistent with the Native Land Court's task to eradicate communal Maori ownership.34 There are suggestions that judges failed to inform Maori applicants of the existence of this provision.35 It would appear that tribes were never recorded in Te Raki as holding interests and only a few examples have been located of a secondary group of owners being listed on the title. The 1872 certificate of title for Kokohuia listed 10 owners, with those 10 plus five other individuals named on pages appended to the certificate.36 On 16 July 1873, Judge Maning ordered a certificate of title for the Parahirahi block of 5,097 acres to be issued for 10 principal owners, with a secondary group of 17 other individuals listed within the Court records.37

33 Geiringer, Wai 45, F10, pp 84-85; Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 313; Richard Boast, The Native Land Court 1862-1887: A Historical Study, Cases and Commentary (Wellington: Thomson Reuters, 2013), part 1, pp 73-74 34 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 313-314 35 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 313-314 36 Coralie Clarkson, ‘Pakanae and Kokohuia Lands, 1870-1990’, Waitangi Tribunal, 2016, Wai 1040, A58, p 32 37 The Crown grant for this block with the attached list of 17 owners was not issued. Instead, the block was reheard and title issued in 1874 until the Native Land Act 1873 which allowed title to be issued to an unlimited amount of individuals, in this case, 27. Rose Daamen, ‘Report on the Alienation of the Parahirahi Block’, Waitangi Tribunal, 1992, Wai 1040, E1, p 9 23

But these cases were exceptions to the general pattern. Between 1865 and 1874, Te Raki blocks were awarded on average to about four individuals (see the table below where this data is highlighted in bold and the accompanying graph where it is shown as a red bar). Even this figure exaggerates the number of owners named because it incorporates a handful of blocks which were granted to hundreds of individuals at the end of the period under the 1873 Native Land Act. Even blocks of 20,000 acres or more were granted to a single or a few individuals.

Table 4: Average numbers of awardees per block in the 1865–1874 period, Te Raki inquiry district

Time period Average No. awardees 1865-1874 4.2 1875-1880 7.9 1881-1889 22.1 1890-1899 55.2 1900-1920 128.8 After 1920 23.9 NB: Excludes 55 blocks where title data is unknown (Source: SOPAC sheet, #1.3.2(c))

Graph 6: Average numbers of awardees per block in the 1865–1874 period, Te Raki inquiry district

160.0

140.0 128.8

120.0

100.0

80.0

60.0 55.2

40.0 22.1 23.9 20.0 4.2 7.9 0.0 1865-1874 1875-1880 1881-1889 1890-1899 1900-1920 After 1920

Table 5: All known Crown Grants issued for blocks of 20,000 acres or more, Te Raki inquiry district

Block name Sub-region Acres granted Date of CG No. grantees Name(s) of grantee(s) Maungaru Whangarei 21,319.0 29 Aug 1870 1 Paikia Te Hekeua Otonga No. 1 Whangarei 26,810.0 18 Mar 1868 2 Haki Whangawhanga & Eru Nehua Rahui [Te Kiri], Hori Panapa & Apa Te Pakiri Mahurangi 31,408.0 6 Jul 1870 3 Whakaotinga Wairua Whangarei 27,800.0 1 Oct 1875 1 Kawiti (Source: title determination master sheet with Rigby Crown Grant data, Appendix E)

There are a number of possible reasons why the Court generally issued title to just a few individuals. Judges, inspired by the Court's individualising aims, seem to have preferred to keep the number of legal owners of Maori land to a bare minimum. But the small number of title holders also reflected local Maori attempts to navigate and control the Court system. Armstrong and Subasic suggest that applicants to the Court often requested that a single or only a few names be placed on the title because they wanted to establish separate whanau farms or to smooth the sale or lease of the land to Pakeha.38 Wiremu Pomare, who was granted land by the Court in the Mahurangi sub- region, told a Government inquiry in 1871 that the ‘Pakehas often advise the Natives to get as few names as possible to a grant for the conveniences of selling’.39

But the frequent Maori requests that a block be granted to a small number of individuals was also a reflection of the central problem in the Native Land Court's titling system. Many applicants saw themselves, and presented themselves to the Court, as representatives of their kin groups. Prominent leaders sought land title in the belief that this would allow them to maintain chiefly control over their lands. It will be shown, for example, that Te Hemara Tauhia pushed the Court to award title over the Waiwera– Puhoi blocks in Mahurangi to himself and a small group of tightly connected leaders and individuals. He evidently saw this as a way in which these leaders could control the land for the benefit of the wider groups they represented.

But legally these individuals were now in a position to make fateful decisions about land without the approval of those they represented. Moreover, these owners had no need or incentive to consult with those they did not represent, including other tribal groups and

38 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 358-360. This seems to be their inference here. 39 Rose Daamen, Paul Hamer and Barry Rigby, ‘Auckland (Part 1)’ Rangahaua Whanaui District Series, Report 1 (Wellington: Waitangi Tribunal, 1996), Wai 1040, H2, p 256 25

rival chiefs about the fate of the land. Court title gradually weakened communal society and encouraged unilateral decisions about the collective resources of land. This would have far-reaching consequences, especially in the parts of Te Raki under strong pressure from land purchasers.

1.5. The Limits of the Court's Investigations It is difficult to confidently summarise how the Native Land Court decided which individuals should receive title to land in Te Raki. As many submissions to this inquiry note, the Court kept inadequate and unrevealing records of its processes and decision making. Its minute books offer brief and flawed summaries of what took place during hearings that often fail to provide basic information let alone broader explanation. In particular, the minutes provide little on the motivations and views of the Maori applicants. There are no extant official records regarding the many cases heard by Judge F E Maning.40

One explanation – albeit not the only one – for the scant official record is that the Court's inquiries were sometimes perfunctory. It has been argued that the Native Land Acts obliged the Court to investigate and consider the rights of not just applicants but all those with interests in the land. Section 17 of the Native Lands Act 1867 required the Court to ascertain the title 'of every person who and every tribe which according to Native custom owns or is interested in such land whether such person or tribe shall have put in or made a claim or not’.41 Geiringer states that this clearly obliged the Court to carry out a thorough and proactive inquiry into title that would, if necessary, extend beyond the courtroom.42

In practice, there appears to have been no investigations outside the courtroom and often very limited investigations within it. Title determinations for individual blocks were decided quickly, often after less than a day of evidence.43 The rights of those who

40 As pointed out earlier, these comments are based on the minute books summarised and discussed in various reports. A thorough review of the minute books was not carried out for this report. 41 Geiringer, Wai 45, F10, pp 84-85 42 Geiringer, Wai 45, F10, p 85 43 Aroha Harris, ‘Oral and Traditional History Report for Te Rohe o Whangaroa’, 2012, Wai 1040, E32, pp 179-187; Mark Derby, '“Fallen Plumage”: A History of Puhipuhi, 1865–2016’, Waitangi Tribunal, 2016, Wai 1040, A61, p 67; Boast, The Native Land Court 1862-1887, part 1, pp 152-153 26

were absent from the Court for whatever reason, including because they were unaware of the hearing, were unable to attend, or disapproved of the Court process, were often not considered.

This raised a great risk that legitimate interest holders would be dispossessed of their legal rights to land. A perusal of various sources including Paula Berghan's many but brief block histories suggests that often during this period only a small handful of individuals would appear before the Court and apply for title over the land. There were often no other claimants present. The Court frequently heard their evidence without much cross-examination or inquiry. It would seem that there was often no explicit discussion of the critical question of whether the applicants represented wider groups and individuals or claimed sole rights over the land. The Court's main concern was whether anyone in the courtroom explicitly and openly opposed the main applicant's evidence and claims. If the answer was no, as it frequently was, the Court immediately ordered a certificate of title to be issued to the main applicants and, if they so requested, to a handful of other individuals whom they recommended.

This general impression is supported up by a closer examination of the Court's 1866 title determinations into land in the Waiwera–Puhoi area around the Mahurangi Harbour. During these hearings, the Court rubber-stamped, with little inquiry or apparent curiosity, the title wishes of Te Hemara Tauhia and a small, closely connected group of associates.

This is not to imply that the applicants did not have deep ties to the land in question. Te Hemara and his people maintained kainga and cultivation within this area. It was largely through Te Hemara's influence and persistence that these lands had not been included in the Crown's pre-1865 purchases in Mahurangi.44

Before the Court hearings over these blocks opened in 1866, Te Hemara and a few others from his party decided among themselves to whom the land should be granted. Te Hemara then had the Court give legal weight to these arrangements. The land was

44 Barry Rigby, ‘The Crown, Maori and Mahurangi 1840–1881’, Waitangi Tribunal, 1998, E18, pp 34-38 27

divided into 13 blocks. The largest of these blocks, Puhoi (2,537 acres), was granted to Te Hemara alone. Okaihu, the next largest block with 2,408 acres, was granted to Te Hemara and one other. Two smaller areas were also granted to Te Hemara so that he could arrange the already planned sale and lease of the land to Europeans.45

The other blocks were allocated to individual Maori with ties to Te Hemara and his people. Three small blocks were granted to Henare Winiata of Ngati Kau of Ngati Rongo (or Rango). The 410-acre Tungutu block was assigned to Makoare Ponui, who had whakapapa connections to Nga Whetu, Ngati Rongo's focal ancestor. As Makoare explained to the Court, this 'subdivision of the land' had been arranged between himself and Te Hemara 'lest he should lay claim to my piece and lest I should lay claim to his piece’.46

One block, Opahi, was granted to Tuna and two others from Waikato. The Court was told that Te Hemara and others had gifted them this land about 10 years earlier in acknowledgement of the help and shelter Waikato had lent the Mahurangi people during the Musket Wars.47 Similarly, four blocks were granted to two descendants of Pomare, the Ngati Manu chief from the Bay of Islands who had provided a refuge for Te Hemara during the strife of that period.48

The Court accepted without exception the pre-hearing arrangements made by Te Hemara and his small party of applicants. The hearings themselves were brief and did not resemble a thorough investigation into the history and customary rights of the area. Instead, they followed a standard pattern. The main leader of each individual claim testified briefly regarding the basis of his rights. There was little, if any, cross- investigation. Quite frequently, Te Hemara rose to confirm their evidence, to explain that he and others had earlier agreed to this arrangement, and even to provide the whakapapa connections of the claimants. There were no cross-claimants or opposition. In at least some cases, the Court before making its decision, asked a few other Maori

45 Peter McBurney, ‘Traditional History Overview of the Mahurangi and Gulf Islands Districts’, 2010, Wai 1040, A36, pp 418-439 46 McBurney, A36, p 425 47 McBurney, A36, p420 48 O’Malley, A6, 194-195; McBurney, A36, pp 427, 430, 435 28

who had given evidence during the hearings whether they objected to the claim in question. They invariably did not. The Court then ordered that the land be granted to the applicants. Within two days, title for 11 of the 13 blocks had been decided.49

This tightly controlled process was only briefly interrupted when Tai Kiamana objected to his relative Te Hemara being named as the sole title holder for the Orokaraka and Puhoi blocks. Upon Te Hemara's request, the Court adjourned so that he could reach an agreement with Tai Kiamana. When the Court resumed two days later, Tai Kiamana was not present but his objection apparently remained. The Native Assessors, Winiata Tomairangi and Wiremu Tipene took the lead in deciding these disputed cases. They enlisted Tipene Te Waka to assist them but heard no additional evidence. Rather, after receiving a letter – the source and contents of which are not specified in the Court's minutes – they decided that both blocks should be granted to Te Hemara alone.50

These hearings were an early indication of what would become even more noticeable in the coming years: namely, the Native Land Court's willingness in the Te Raki inquiry district to issue title based on limited investigations. The Waiwera–Puhoi hearings suggest some of the dangers in this approach. Most obviously, the lack of opposition in the courtroom did not in itself mean that all Maori with potential interests in the land supported the proceedings. For instance, Ngati Paoa and the Hauraki tribes who were prominent in pre-1865 land dealings in Mahurangi, played no role in either the hearings or, it would seem, in the pre-Court negotiations among Maori.51 Any claims that they or other groups may have had to the land were not considered. Wiremu Pomare, who was present at the hearings, would later complain that the Court had ignored the fact that many others held rights to the land. He complained that the Court had granted large blocks to Te Hemara alone and the result was sales and communal landlessness: 'one person was put in the grant, and trouble came upon the tribe in consequence'.52

The Court's lack of investigation is perhaps the most striking element about these hearings. The Court seemed largely willing to accept what it was told. It apparently did

49 McBurney, A36, pp 418-439 50 McBurney, A36, pp 436, 438-439 51 McBurney, A36, p 495 52 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1180. See also p 794 29

not inquire into which individuals and groups took part in the pre-Court arrangements that it was about to put into law.

Armstrong and Subasic suggest that the Native Assessors generally played a minor role in court hearings during this period and note that Judge Maning in particular was hostile to their involvement.53 In the Waiwera–Puhoi hearings the Native Assessors did at least pose a few limited questions and seem to have taken a more active role than the presiding officer, Judge Rogan, who appears to have been essentially a bystander. Before becoming a Native Land Court judge, Rogan was the Crown's purchasing agent in Mahurangi.54 He had personally witnessed the complexity and conflict over which tribes and chiefs held rights in the district. Yet there is no evidence that he inquired into such matters during the hearing.

Not all title determinations were quick or, in the Court's view, straightforward. But even when it took years for title to be awarded, this was not because the Court was carrying out exhaustive investigations. Rather, as the Puhipuhi hearings discussed below indicate, title determination was often delayed when those Maori who appeared in Court could not agree among themselves to whom the land should be granted. The Court often issued final judgments regarding these disputed cases. But sometimes, particularly when the disputing applicants were important leaders of different tribes, it would not make a decision. The Court's reticence in the Puhipuhi case was not simply its recognition of the complexities of the case; it also reflected political sensitivities. The Court hoped that the disputing parties and rangatira would reach an agreement on the case. When they could not, the Court process, at least in this case, became mired in delay, confusion and conflict.

From 1867 the Court granted most remaining Maori land in the area surrounding the Puhipuhi blocks in the Whangarei and Bay of Islands sub-regions to a few individuals after limited investigations and quick determinations.55 However, moves by Ngati Hau leaders, including Eru Nehua, to gain title over the Puhipuhi block ran into resistance.

53 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 56 54 Rigby, E18, p 16 55 Paula Berghan, Northland Block Research Narratives Vol 06 Native Land Court Blocks 1865–2005 Oakura –Owhatia’, CFRT, 2006, Wai 1040, A39(e), p 135-136, 239 30

Powerful representatives of other tribes appeared at Kawakawa on 7 August 1873 for the hearing under Judge Maning included the Ngati Hine leader Maihi Paraone Kawiti and Hoterene Tawatawa representing Ngati Wai and others.56

Mark Derby's report pieces together, from the limited existing evidence, what happened during and after the hearing. He suggests that the hearing featured complex and contested evidence. In general, Judge Maning was hostile to Court decisions reached through compromise with Maori applicants. But, in this case, key rangatira were locked in conflict and Maning decided to meet informally with the contestants in the hope of finding a mutually acceptable agreement.

This may have been sensible but Maning's actions only muddied the waters. Unable to find an agreement with the chiefs, he made a series of legally unclear, poorly documented and sometimes contradictory recommendations or rulings. According to the claimants, the judge wrote a letter to each of them proposing that the land be split into three with 14,000 acres granted to Nehua including the most valuable southern portions. Kawiti, under this proposal, would receive title to 6,000 acres with 5,000 acres to be awarded to Tawatawa. Derby terms this as 'the 14-6-5 proposal'. But Maning then wrote to Fenton with a different account, suggesting that the recommendation was for an equal three-way split of the land ('the thirds proposal'). A subsequent suggestion by Maning that the rangatira should gain shares in the portion allocated to their rivals ('the intermixing proposal') only deepened the confusion. The applicants were left with different opinions on what the judge had promised them while title to the land remained incomplete.57 A rehearing under Maning in 1875 was also abandoned. Title would not be finally issued in Puhipuhi until 1882–1883.58

Derby argues that the 1873 hearings were a significant misstep by the Court. To gain legal title over the land, the claimants had no option but to seek a Court decision. They sought a 'thorough and judicious examination' of their claims, followed by a 'clear and

56 Derby, A61, pp 67, 72 57 Derby, A61, pp 73-84, especially pp 79, 84 58 Derby, A61, pp 84, 173 31 considered judgment'.59 The Court failed to meet these criteria in the case of Puhipuhi. It proved itself ineffective in resolving serious disputes among the claimants. Derby suggests that a more traditional Maori forum would have been more appropriate and effective in mediating this case. As it was, the Court's actions 'appear to have worsened and extended' the disputes and confusion over Puhipuhi.60

This failure seems to be part of a wider problem. The Court's focus was to place as much customary Te Raki land under the Crown's tenurial system as possible. In general, it achieved this goal very efficiently given its lack of resources and personnel. It did not always demonstrate the same commitment to trying to make sure that the title it issued reflected, as adequately as was possible, the interests of all the legitimate right holders.

The Court generally ruled quickly and following only limited investigation in cases when it felt able to impose its authority or, when it was not presented with obvious evidence that others apart from the applicants were claiming the land. But in cases such as Puhipuhi, when conflicting and powerful chiefs were present at hearings, the Court proved ineffective at resolving serious disputes and was part of the problem rather than the solution.

But in both types of hearings, the Court during this period did not act as an in-depth investigative body. This severely compromised its ability to make appropriate title determinations. As Armstrong and Subasic point out, Maori runanga, hui, and other decision-making processes were not allowed to play a part in the Court's titling process.61 The result was the worst of both worlds. The Court system took away the traditional methods of Maori in Te Raki to collectively decide on land matters but did not prove itself to be an effective replacement.

1.6. Alienation Restrictions and the Court's Protective Responsibilities It has been argued that the Court's major impact during its first decade in Te Raki was the granting of legal title to individuals who could alienate that land without recourse to

59 Derby, A61, p 103 60 Derby, A61, p 84 61 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 305, 311 32

the wider community. This laid the foundations for purchases during this period by the Auckland Provincial Government and settlers and also for later, more extensive Crown acquisitions. While the Court would increasingly become synonymous in Te Raki with Maori land loss and land shortages, it could potentially have played a quite different role. The Crown had long acknowledged it had a duty to ensure that Maori preserved a sufficiency of land for their present and future needs.62 The Court had a major role to ensuring that duty was met.

There was plenty of legislation that allowed and obligated the Court to inquire into whether land passed before it should be protected from alienation. Under the Native Lands Act 1862, the Governor could require a portion of land in certificates of titles to be reserved for the benefit of tribes and individuals, and restrict alienation of these reserves. The Native Lands Act 1865 allowed the Court to recommend to the Governor that blocks be restricted from alienation. The Native Lands Act of 1866 made existing Maori reserve land inalienable by sale or mortgage and by lease for more than 21 years except with the assent of the Governor in Council. Moreover, it required the Court to append a report to every certificate of title on whether alienation restrictions were needed. The 1867 Native Lands Act strengthened these provisions. The Court was required in every case: To inquire and take evidence as to the propriety or otherwise of placing any restriction of the alienability of the land comprised in the claim or of any part thereof or of attaching any condition or limitation to the estate to be granted.63

In addition, lands titled under section 17 of this Act could not be sold unless they were partitioned into subdivisions held by 10 owners or less.64

It does not appear that the Court regularly and adequately investigated whether alienation restrictions were needed in Te Raki during this period. No evidence has been found that the Court produced reports on the issue and attached them to the certificates

62 Geiringer, Wai 45, F10, pp 61-62, 104; Ward, National Overview, vol 2, pp 217, 231, 262-263; 48-250; David V. Williams, ‘Te Kooti Tango Whenua’ The Native Land Court 1876–1909, (Wellington: Huia, 1999), chapter 9 and Appendix 7 63 Geiringer, Wai 45, F10, p 105 64 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 343; Clarkson, A58, pp 31-33; Williams, Te Kooti Tango Whenua, Appendix 7 33

of title. Technical reports to this inquiry evidence suggest that the Court often ignored the issue unless applicants specifically requested that alienation restrictions be ordered.65

While there are a few references to the Court discussing alienation restriction matters, they do not suggest the Court's inquiries were in-depth or systematic. For example, alienation restrictions were seldom discussed or recommended during title investigation into the last substantial portions of Maori-owned land in Mahurangi. According to the minute book accounts, the issue came up only once during the Waiwera–Puhoi hearings of 1866 and even then in a somewhat haphazard manner. During the investigation into the 123-acre Opahi block, the applicants explained that they were from Waikato rather than Mahurangi and that the Opahi land had been gifted to them from local leaders. Perhaps prompted by a question from the Native Assessors, they added that this gift allowed them to reside on the land 'forever, but not to dispose of it to other persons (to sell)’.66 Maori would have good cause to be thankful for this apparently chance discussion. It prompted the Court to impose alienation restrictions on Opahi. By the 1890s, this small block was one of the few fragments of Mahurangi that remained in Maori ownership with both Waikato and otherwise landless Maori from local tribes living on it.67

The title hearings for the Mangatawhiri block of 24 February 1873 saw a fleeting reference to the issues of whether alienation restrictions were needed in Mahurangi. The Court divided the block into three and awarded these portions to 15 individuals. In its judgment, it stated that all these owners had an 'abundance of land elsewhere’.68 There is no evidence that this assertion was based on in-depth investigation and no Court acknowledgment of the endemic landlessness in the area. The Court did issue alienation restrictions for the 230-acre Mangatawhiri 3, but the two larger portions of

65 Harris, E32, p 186 provides an example of claimants requesting and receiving alienation restrictions. 66 McBurney, A36, p 420 67 Rigby, E18, p 135 68 McBurney, A36, p 452 34

the block, with a combined total of 2,992 acres, were left unprotected. They were soon purchased by Pakeha.69

As has been discussed, the Court during this decade tended to reach vital decisions after only limited investigations. The lack of inquiry into whether Maori-owned land needed to be protected against alienation was an example of this negligence. It would seem that the crucial issue of how much and what quality of land Maori in the various parts of Te Raki needed to retain if they were to thrive and progress was left largely unconsidered.

The result was that few alienation restrictions were issued on Maori land in Te Raki. Current research suggests that alienation restrictions were imposed upon only 56 of the 403 Crown grants (around 14 percent) issued for Te Raki blocks between 1865 and 1875. Only 12,371.5 acres, representing 5 percent of the land titled during this period, was protected against alienation. On the other hand, 347 blocks containing 233,660.9 acres, or 95 percent of the titled land, was left unprotected. The protected blocks were generally small with an average size of 215.15 acres. Te Ruatahi at Whananaki in the Whangarei sub-region was the largest of the restricted blocks at 2,542 acres.

Table 6: Number of Crown-granted blocks and acres that had restrictions on alienations placed on them, Te Raki inquiry district, 1865–1875

Yr of CG No. restricted Acres restricted % of acres restricted No. not restricted Acres with no restriction % acres not restricted 1865 24 2,785.3 1866 48 30,977.4 1867 14 4,714.0 13.6% 43 29,860.1 86.4% 1868 6 3,764.0 4.9% 22 72,776.4 95.1% 1869 2 190.0 1.5% 32 12,819.9 98.5% 1870 14 813.8 1.3% 56 63,864.0 98.7% 1871 3 1,641.8 21.5% 27 5,987.8 78.5% 1872 6 381.6 7.2% 27 4,904.4 92.8% 1873 5 320.5 5.4% 42 5,656.9 94.6% 1874 4 373.9 9.5% 18 3,542.1 90.5% 1875 2 172.0 26.1% 8 486.6 73.9% Total 56 12,371.5 5.0% 347 233,660.9 95.0% (Source: Title determination master sheet with Rigby Crown grant data, Appendix E) NB: This excludes 14 Crown grants (31,274.7 acres) where the date of issue is unclear

69 Paula Berghan, Northland Block Research Narratives Vol 05 Native Land Court Blocks 1865–2005 Mahimahi – Nukutawhiti’, CFRT, 2009, Wai 1040, A39(d), pp 126-127 35

Graph 7: Proportion of Crown-granted blocks with restrictions on alienation, Te Raki inquiry district, 1865–1875

% of acres restricted % acres not restricted

5.0%

95.0%

Anecdotal comments by Judge Maning about the high level of alienation restrictions in the area should be treated sceptically. He stated in 1867 that between one-half and two- thirds of the land that had come before his Court in Hokianga was 'secured to the native owners inalienably’.70 In 1870, he assured the Government that there was no danger of landlessness among Hokianga Maori as the Court 'always places restrictions on the sale of a sufficient quality of land to ensure to the natives an ample provision for their comfortable maintenance'.71

However, officials knew – or could have found out if they cared to look – that the reality was quite different. In 1867, a return of certificates issued by the Court in northern districts was published. It showed that alienation restrictions were placed on just 20 of the 218 titles issued in the north between November 1865 and July 1867.72

Not all applicants to the Court wanted alienation restrictions placed on their land. Some wanted Crown title to land so that they could sell or lease it. Others may have been unaware of the provisions for alienations restrictions. Armstrong and Subasic suggest

70 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 344 71 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 346 72 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 358-360 36

that Te Raki Maori generally accepted the importance of alienation restrictions as long as they were not imposed upon them without consultation.73

But undoubtedly important was the belief of judges active in the area that their role was to facilitate rather than retard the purchase of Maori land. Chief Judge Fenton was opposed to alienation restrictions.74 Judge Maning thought Maori land-holdings should be reduced to a bare minimum and questioned whether protective measures were necessary or desirable in the north.75

The relatively few alienation restrictions that were imposed during this period were usually effective. Various restrictions were imposed. Alienation was prohibited 'ad infinitum' or limited to leases not exceeding 21 years. Some blocks could not be alienated for the next 21 years, after which the restriction lapsed. Some of these restrictions were lifted or apparently ignored. On 1 June 1866, title was issued for the 30-acre Aroha block on the Kerikieri inlet in the Bay of Islands with alienation prohibited 'ad infinitum'. On the very same day, a private purchaser acquired the block.76 However, most Te Raki blocks with restrictions placed on them in this period remained in Maori ownership until at least the end of the nineteenth century, surviving the peaks of Crown purchasing in Te Raki in the mid-1870s and, to a lesser degree, the 1890s.77 However, the Crown largely removed existing alienation restrictions from Maori land in 1909.78 In the following years, many, though not all, of the previously protected blocks were purchased in part or full.79

73 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 344-345 74 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 343; Geiringer, Wai 45, F10, p 106 75 Rigby, A56, pp 327, 346 76 Paula Berghan ‘Northland Block Research Narratives Vol 04 Native Land Court Blocks 1865–2005 Ahitunutawa – Kuwaru’, CFRT, 2009, Wai 1040, A39(c), p 37 for the title and alienation details. 'Crown Grants List', included in Appendix C of this report for the alienation restriction. 77 See chapter 4 for suggestions that alienation restrictions in the 1890s were increasingly removed or ignored although this mainly refers to blocks restricted from alienation in later periods. 78 Williams, Te Kooti Tango Whenua, Appendix 7 79 This statement is derived from cross checking blocks listed in 'Crown Grants List' as restricted from alienation with their subsequent histories as found in Berghan A39. 37

Figure 2: Map showing the location of blocks discussed in section 1.7

1.7. Selective, Small-Scale Interaction with the Court Between 1865 and 1874, Te Raki Maori placed over 39.1 percent of their land under the Crown's new titling system in some 469 distinct blocks. Exactly why they did so cannot be stated with any certainty but the limited evidence available suggests that Te Raki Maori interacted with the Native Land Court during this period in two quite distinct ways. The first and most common practice was for small numbers of Maori to go to the Court, more or less willingly, to gain legal title over often relatively small parcels of land.

The great majority of Native Land Court blocks created during this first decade were small in size. This pattern began early. According to official reports, 218 certificates of title were issued by the Native Land Court in the north as a whole between November 1865 and July 1867. Of these, 92 were for blocks 100 acres or less. A further 82 certificates of title were issued for blocks between 100 and 1,000 acres. In all, more than 80 percent of the blocks established by the Court during these 20 months were less than 1,000 acres.80 Crown grants registered for blocks in Te Raki between 1865 and 1874 likewise show the predominance of small blocks.81

Research carried out for this report bears out the point that most blocks titled by the Court during this period were relatively small. The table and graph below indicates 381 of the 469 blocks titled between 1865 and 1874 were 500 acres or less, with 249 being 100 acres or less.82

Table 7: Number of known blocks and acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1865–1874 period by size range, Te Raki inquiry district

Block size range (acres) No. of blocks titled No. of acres titled 100 or less 249 7,164.9 101-200 67 9,356.1 201-300 30 7,661.6 301-400 19 6,460.8 401-500 16 7,039.3 500 or less 381 37,682.7 501-1,000 21 30,779.0 1,001-2,000 6 13,640.0 2,001-3,000 3 10,106.0 3,001-4,000 1 4,277.0 4,001-5,000 24 16,743.5 More than 5,000 18 211,972.0 Unknown 15 Total 469 325,200.2 (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C) NB: Excludes 99 blocks where the acreage is not known

80 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 358-360. This report refers to Court certificates for the north in general and is not completely synonymous with the Te Raki inquiry district boundaries. 81 'Crown Grants List', included in Appendix E .Registered Crown grants were the final step of the Court’s titling process. They represented 'indefeasible title' to land, unlike Court generated Crown titles. 82 This data is also discussed in section 1.8 of this chapter. 39

Graph 8: Number of known blocks titled by the Native Land Court in the 1865– 1874 period by size range, Te Raki inquiry district

Unknown 15

More than 5,000 18

4,001-5,000 24

3,001-4,000 1

2,001-3,000 3

1,001-2,000 6 Size rangeSize (acres)

501-1,000 21

500 or less 381

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 No. blocks titled

Graph 9: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1865– 1874 period by size range, Te Raki inquiry district

211,972.0

200,000.0

150,000.0

100,000.0 No. of acres titled 50,000.0 37,682.7 30,779.0 16,743.5 13,640.0 10,106.0 4,277.0 0.0 500 or less 501-1,000 1,001-2,000 2,001-3,000 3,001-4,000 4,001-5,000 More than 5,000 Size range (acres)

These relatively small, newly titled Native Land Court blocks were spread throughout the inquiry district and were often surrounded by land that Maori had decided to keep under customary title. Armstrong and Subasic suggest that local Maori tended to see small-scale, controlled interaction with the Court as a positive element in their search

for economic development. They sought Crown title over select, limited areas which they wished to sell or lease to valued settlers or to develop themselves, especially as whanau-run farms.83

Te Tirarau Kukupa, the Te Parawhau chief, was a frequent participant in Court hearings during this period. On 18 March 1866, he was granted the 100-acre Taikawiwi block in the Whangarei district which he then transferred to the settler Henry Walton, his business partner, agent, and relative through marriage. Tirarau and others passed a number of newly titled blocks to Walton, including one that seems to have been part of a plan to create a joint coal-mining enterprise on Ketenikau.84 In March 1866, the Ngati Hau leader Haki Whangawhanga received title for the 197-acre Tauranga block. He immediately requested that Chief Judge Fenton grant it to Walton 'because that land is his’.85

European settlers had long lived around Kawakawa with the agreement of the Ngati Hine chief Maihi Paraone Kawiti but without legally recognised rights. When two settlers began arguing with each other about the extent of their land rights, Kawiti went to the Court to create distinct, separate blocks which he then sold to them.86

In 1865, Te Hemara Tauhia and others informally sold land at Mahurangi to Robert Graham, a businessman and politician with whom they had long-standing ties. In 1866, Te Hemara gained title over the 70-acre Maungatauhoro block which he legally sold to Graham in 1868.87 During the 1866 Waiwera–Puhoi hearings, Te Hemara also gained title to the eight-acre Orokaraka block which he told the Court would be leased,

83 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 22 84Paula Berghan, Northland Block Research Narratives Vol 07 Native Land Court Blocks 1865–2005 Pae – Putoetoe’, CFRT, 2009, Wai 1040, A39(f), p 147 for Taikawiwi. 'Crown Grants List', included in Appendix E of this report shows that Walton was granted Ketenikau. Document A39(c), pp 372-373, seems to suggest there was an arrangement over coal on the block. Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 856 infers that Walton was also granted other lands from Te Tirarau. For the relationship between Te Tirarau and Walton, see Paul Thomas, 'The Crown and Northern Wairoa, 1840–1865' CFRT, 1999, Wai 674 H1, Wai 312 C1, pp 34, 41, 50, 217. 85 Paula Berghan, Wai 1040, Northland Block Research Narratives Vol 08 Native Land Court Blocks 1865– 2005 Rahuikotuku – Tuwhakino’, Wai 1040, A39(g), p 290 86 Berghan, A39(e), pp 254-255 87 Rigby, E18, p 134; McBurney, A36, p 433 41

apparently as part of an endeavour to encourage the shipping trade that he and his people were involved in.88

In March 1867, Judge W B White issued title to a number of small blocks in Whangaroa that the applicants wished to sell or had already sold, to Europeans. Regarding the 89- acre Paihia block, Riwhi Hongi told him that: we have all arranged to sell this piece of land to the white man, we have plenty of land left, this is only a small piece.89

The discovery of mercury at Ngawha attracted the attention of European businessmen and spurred local Maori to gain legal title over the area. In 1872, John White, who was at various times a Crown land purchase agent, Court official, and mining entrepreneur, signed a 100-year lease and mining arrangement with Wiremu Hongi Te Ripi and others to take effect as soon as legal title was secured to what would become the Parahirahi block. The hearing for Parahirahi took place in July 1873. At this hearing, the Court awarded the adjoining Tuwhakino block to Heta Te Haara who shortly afterwards leased it to another Pakeha would-be mining magnate.90

The desire to establish flax mills, often in conjunction with Pakeha, was another spur for Native Land Court hearings. In early 1870, Judge Maning reported that he was busy with title applications due to the upsurge in the flax business and subsequent leasing.91 In 1871, 12 Maori gained title over the 534-acre Moetangi block in Hokianga. This appears to have been the location for a flax-cutting mill that was established soon afterwards by Europeans.92

Native Court title was also sought for farming, development, and residences for local Maori including by Eru Nehua and his whanau at Taharoa and by Te Hemara Tauhia and

88 McBurney, A36, p 436; Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 949 89 Harris, E32, p185 90 Daamen, E1, pp 4-5; Donald Loveridge, ‘The Acquisition of Parahirahi D Block by the Crown’, Wai 1040 E5, pp 8-12 91 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 366 92 David Alexander, ‘Land Based Resources, Waterways and Environmental Impacts’, CFRT, 2006, Wai 1040, A7, pp 140-142 discusses the flax mill established in the Moetangi Valley in 1872. See Berghan, A39(d), p 281 for the title determination over Moetangi in 1871. I have not seen any direct evidence that the mill was on this block. 42 his people on some of the Waiwera–Puhoi land. In January 1867, Judge Maning claimed that: all over the north there are already instances to be found of natives who having individualised their claims and received Crown grants for their lands are fencing, clearing, laying down grass, and building good houses for themselves and calculating what the future income derived from their farms ... will be[.] [T]he land they sell is almost invariably the inferior land and they keep the best for themselves, and they are in general so persuaded of the great benefits derived from the Native Land Act that I assure you the Court has in my district acquired a power quite unprecedented up to this time and authority.93

Despite these optimistic reports by Native Land Court judges, the new tenurial system did not lead to successful Maori farming in Te Raki. The instances cited by Rogan were exceptions to the general rule. The first decade of the Native Land Court saw Te Raki Maori poverty deepen with little economic activitiy except for the extraction of gum and timber.94 Legal title seems to have been especially valued when the land in question was under dispute between tribes or threatened by Crown and old land claims.

However, Crown-derived title brought little economic benefit for Te Raki Maori who grew increasingly sceptical about the wisdom of using the Native Land Court. There was considerable early enthusiasm among Te Raki Maori for the new Court system. The Court's first full three years of operating in Te Raki, from 1866 to 1868, saw a considerable amount of applications and title determinations. In 1866, the Court established and issued title to 76 new blocks in the district. The following two years saw 81 and 68 new Native Land Court blocks established. In each of the three years, over 80,000 acres of customary land came under the Crown's tenurial system. These were by far the three most prolific years in the Court's Te Raki history for the establishment of new blocks. No other period comes close. Judge Maning reported that the introduction of the Court was going so well that 'I am worked almost off my legs’.95

However, by the end of this period, title determinations had virtually ceased. In 1874, just two blocks – a mere 127.9 acres of land – came under the Court system. It might be

93 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 348 94 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 924-925 95 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 349 43 stretching things to say that the Native Land Court was saved from oblivion in Te Raki by the Crown's purchasing programme that began in 1875, but certainly, the Te Raki Maori desire to bring their land before the Court had declined radically.

Table 8: Number of known blocks and acres titled by the Native Land Court in each year from 1865 to 1874, Te Raki inquiry district

Year No. blocks titled Acres titled 1865 33 4,784.2 1866 83 67,085.6 1867 90 65,050.7 1868 74 81,402.8 1869 15 32,150.9 1870 47 21,473.7 1871 27 8,862.5 1872 39 3,330.5 1873 59 40,931.4 1874 2 127.9 Total 469 325,200.2 (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C)

Graph 10: Number of known blocks titled by the Native Land Court, Te Raki inquiry district, 1865–1874, with inset showing the pattern in number of blocks titled, 1865–1899

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899

100 90 90 83 80 74 70 59 60 47 50 39 40 33 27 30 No. blocks titled 20 15 10 2 0 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 Year

Alongside the lack of hoped-for economic development, other drawbacks of the Native Land Court were becoming noticeable to Maori. While the Te Raki chiefs who participated in the Haultain inquiry of 1871 generally acknowledged the importance of the Court and secure legal title to land, they complained about title determinations initiated without communal approval, the failure of the Court to issue more reserves or protect against excessive land loss, and the limited role of Native Assessors and Maori in the title determination process.96 Surveys and Court fees, especially in proportion to smaller blocks, were high.97 Court hearings in distant locations caused some social and economic disruption.98 Surveying and hearing applications sparked sometimes violent conflict among Maori.99

It is likely that all these factors contributed to the decline in Court hearings. But perhaps the biggest single factor was that private purchasers were by 1874 being driven out of the market for Maori land in Te Raki as the Crown prepared the way for a massive purchasing programme. Crown purchasing would increasingly shape and define the Court's role in Te Raki. But even before the extraordinary events of 1875, the Court in Te Raki was closely tied to Crown purchase.

96 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 53, 789-800. This was a Government inquiry into the workings of the Native land legislation. 97 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 354-357 98 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 372-378 99 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 415-449 46

Figure 3: The Mahurangi and Gulf Islands sub-region

1.8. Landlessness and the Court: Mahurangi This portrayal of Te Raki Maori interacting selectively with the Native Land Court to create small blocks for whanau farms and mutually beneficial arrangements with individual Pakeha tells only part of the story. The Court's most dramatic, destructive impact in its initial decade was in the parts of Te Raki under pressure from Crown purchase.

In particular, Maori communities in the Mahurangi and Gulf Island sub-region had long been under pressure from Crown purchasers and the threat of landlessness. The need for legal, secure title over their few remaining areas was acute. As a result, virtually all remaining Maori-owned on the Mahurangi mainland was brought before the Court between 1865 and 1874. During this period, about 79 percent of all known customary land in the sub-region was clothed in Court title with 20 new blocks established although the off-shore, 6,980-acre island of Hauturu stayed out of the Court system for a few more years.

Some of these title determinations went rapidly; others were drawn-out. But the end result was the almost complete extinguishment of customary title in Mahurangi by the end of the 1880s and the near landlessness of its communities. The destructive characteristics and impact of the Court system were quickly revealed in Mahurangi. At least some Mahurangi Maori rushed towards the Court in a search for legal title and economic opportunity. But the new tenurial system was to contribute to the Crown's acquisition of virtually all Maori-owned land in the district.

Table 9: Number of known blocks and proportion of known acres in the Mahurangi and Gulf Islands sub-region titled by the Native Land Court in each time period

Time period No. of blocks titled Acres titled % of acres % of acres (Cum) 1865 - 1874 20 40,534.5 79.4% 79.4% 1875 - 1880 1 1,260.0 2.5% 81.8% 1881 - 1889 1 6,960.0 13.6% 95.4% 1890 - 1899 0.0% 95.4% 1900 -1920 9 2,192.3 4.3% 99.7% After 1920 1 135.0 0.3% 100.0% Total 32 51,081.8 100.0% (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C)

Graph 11: Number of known blocks in the Mahurangi and Gulf Islands sub-region titled by the Native Land Court in each time period

After 1920 1

1900 -1920 9

1890 - 1899

1881 - 1889 1 Time period 1875 - 1880 1

1865 - 1874 20

0 5 10 15 20 25 No. blocks titled

Graph 12: Proportion of known acres in the Mahurangi and Gulf Island sub-region titled by the Native Land Court in each time period

0.3% 4.3%

13.6% 2.5% 1865 - 1874 1875 - 1880 1881 - 1889 1890 - 1899 79.4% 1900 -1920 After 1920

Table 10: Number of known blocks and acres titled by the Native Land Court in the Mahurangi and Gulf Islands sub-region by block size range

Block size range (acres) No. of blocks titled Acres titled % of acres 100 or less 8 276.5 0.5% 101-200 2 258.0 0.5% 201-300 2 501.0 1.0% 301-400 3 1,026.8 2.0% 401-500 1 410.0 0.8% 500 or less 16 2,472.3 4.8% 501-1,000 3 1,857.5 3.6% 1,001-2,000 4 5,735.0 11.2% 2,001-3,000 2 4,759.0 9.3% 3,001-4,000 4,001-5,000 More than 5,000 2 36,258.0 71.0% Unknown 8 Total 35 51,081.8 100.0% (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C)

Graph 13: Proportion of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in the Mahurangi and Gulf Islands sub-region by block size range

More than 5,000 71.0%

4,001-5,000

3,001-4,000

2,001-3,000 9.3%

1,001-2,000 11.2%

501-1,000 3.6% Size Size range (acres)

500 or less 4.8%

0.0% 20.0% 40.0% 60.0% 80.0% 100.0% Proportion of acres

With its timber and proximity to Auckland, Mahurangi had long been attractive to Crown and private purchasers. In 1841, the Crown claimed to have bought the entire Mahurangi area (estimated at around 220,000 acres) from a small group of Hauraki

chiefs.100 It did so without wide consultation and consent, and failed to ascertain the boundaries of the land it was purporting to purchase.101

Its actions led to sustained protests from Maori who had not agreed to the 'sale', including from tribes that the Crown would acknowledge were resident on the land. Over the next 13 years, the Crown entered into a raft of new transactions in an attempt to extinguish all Maori interests in Mahurangi.102 O'Malley and Rigby describe these purchases as deeply flawed, with results verging on the incomprehensible. Combined with old land claims covering some of the best land on the Mahurangi coastline, the purchases created what Rigby calls a 'crazy quilt of multiple and overlapping transactions' covering the district.103

Just three substantial areas on the Mahurangi mainland remained in Maori ownership. Maori control over these areas, which were surrounded by Crown lands, was far from secure. The Waiwera–Puhoi and Mangatawhiri–Tawharanui areas had only been excluded from the pre-1865 purchases due to protests by local chiefs and tribes. Officials had seemingly promised that these areas would remain permanently in Maori ownership but had failed to establish them as protected reserves, grant them to Maori, or adequately define their boundaries. Maori ownership over the larger Pakiri block was, if anything, more vulnerable still. It had apparently been excluded from the pre- 1865 purchases only because of bureaucratic oversight.104

The possibility that Crown and Europeans would purchase these remaining areas was ever-present. In 1866, some Maori moved quickly to gain legal title over the remnants of their rohe. Their motivations were not uniform. Some were interested in selling these lands. More, it would seem, wanted title to protect the land from sale. Regardless of their motivations, a number of Mahurangi leaders had concluded that in such a vulnerable and changing environment, they needed legally recognised title over their land. But the Court failed to provide adequate protection against subsequent alienation.

100 O’Malley, A6, p16; Rigby, E18, p 20 101 O’Malley, A6, p 186 102 O’Malley, A6, pp 16, 185; Rigby, E18, p 2 103 Rigby, E18, p 2 104 Rigby, E18, pp 26-27, 54 51

Instead, it issued saleable title to a few individuals who proved only too vulnerable to the sometimes unscrupulous attentions of Crown and private purchasing agents. The examples which follow demonstrate these general trends.

Figure 4: The Waiwera-Puhoi Blocks

(Source: Hearn, Wai 1040, A36, Map 19, p 419)

1.8.1. The Waiwera–Puhoi blocks In January 1866, the Ngati Rongo (or Rango) chief Te Hemara Tauhia led a successful attempt by a closely connected group of Maori to gain Native Land Court title over 6,319 acres of land in the Waiwera–Puhoi area around the Mahurangi Harbour. Although officials had in the 1850s deemed this area ‘Te Hemara's reserve’, it was legally neither a reserve nor Te Hemara's.105 The Crown had neglected to officially establish it as a reserve or grant it to the chief and his people. Te Hemara and his party maintained kainga and cultivation on the lands and reportedly enjoyed some success in developing the area.106 But when the Native Land Court era arrived, the land was legally Maori customary land able to be claimed in the Court by any Maori.

At least for Te Hemara and those included on the titles, the hearings must initially have seemed like a triumph as they gained legal title over crucial remaining pieces of their land. In reality, the hearings began a process which led to the virtual landlessness of these leaders and those they represented.

Crown officials in the 1850s had stated that maintenance of the entire area or 'reserve' was crucial to Te Hemara and his roughly 100-strong party as 'he has no other place where he can subsist’.107 Despite this, the Court failed to investigate the need for alienation restrictions in any depth. Apart from the small Opahi block, the land was left unprotected from future purchase.108

Instead, title was issued to a small number of individuals legally entitled to alienate the land without recourse to the wider groups they represented. The evidence suggests that Te Hemara and the other applicants saw themselves as representatives rather than individual owners. Te Hemara told the Court that he claimed the Okahu and Puhoi blocks as the representative of 30 of his relations, all descended from Ngawhetu, whom he named. At one point, although it was legally impossible for the Court to do so, he apparently suggested that this entire group should be included on the title.109 Similarly,

105 Rigby, E18, pp 50-52 106 Daamen et al, H2, pp 256-257 107 O’Malley, A6, p 204, p473 108 McBurney, A36, pp 418-438, especially p 420 109 McBurney, p 432 53

he claimed Maungatauhoro on behalf of 48 descendants of Ngawhetu. He told the Court he represented his Ngati Rongo relations when applying for sole title to the Orokaraka.110 Te Tuna also made clear to the Court that although he and two others should be placed on the Opahi title, they represented a group of eight others from Waikato who held rights to the land.

Te Hemara and others may have claimed and considered themselves to be trustees but they received absolute and unrestricted title as individuals over these lands. A handful of individuals received title to all 13 blocks. Te Hemara was granted sole or shared title to four blocks. The Pomare brothers gained title to four other blocks. Henare Winiata was named the sole owner of three blocks. Six of the blocks were granted to one individual. Five blocks had two owners and two blocks had three owners. The small number of owners to deal with would prove to be a great advantage to Crown and private purchasers in the years to come.

By 1881, nearly all the Waiwera–Puhoi blocks had been acquired by the Crown and private purchasers. The only substantial area remaining in Maori ownership was 2,000 acres or so of the Puhoi block. When this was sold in 1893, many Mahurangi Maori were reported to have left the area. Others lived on the small Opahi block, the only area that the Court had made inalienable.111

Te Hemara's role in these sales is debated both in submissions to the Tribunal and in published works. Paul Hamer suggests that Te Hemara profited personally from exploiting the Native Land Court system, gaining and then selling title to lands and keeping the proceeds for himself. Other Maori, through the loss of their lands, paid the price for his material advancement.112 A book by Paul Goldsmith makes these accusations against Te Hemara in a more extreme manner.113

110 McBurney, A36, p 436 111 Rigby, E18, pp 133-137 112 Daamen et al, H2, pp 256-257 113 Paul Goldsmith, The Rise and Fall of Te Hemara Tauhia, (Auckland: Reed Publishing Ltd, 2003) as summarised in Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 940-942, 946, 948-952 54

On the other hand, Armstrong and Subasic argue that Te Hemara acted as a leader and not out of personal greed. They posit that he began selling land in the area to gain the collateral advantages of European settlement and to fund land development and trading enterprises for the good of his people. The failure of these efforts created a cycle of sales, each more harmful than the last, with the proceeds used to fund the needs and debts of his community.114

More directly relevant for this report is the way in which the Crown's tenurial system and inadequate protective mechanisms contributed to these alienations. The limited available evidence does not suggest that Te Hemara and others went to the Native Land Court as part of a strategy to sell their remaining lands. On the contrary, it would seem that they hoped that Crown title would allow them to sell or lease small areas while they lived on and developed the rest.

During the hearings, Te Hemara told the Court that the 70-acre Maungatauhoro block was designated to be sold to Robert Graham for £50.115 He also indicated that they wanted to lease the eight-acre Orokaraka block to facilitate the shipping trade.116 No other plans for alienation were indicated. Te Hemara is recorded in the minute books as saying that he might sell the large Puhoi block to the Government but this was clearly not his preference. He seemed to mean that he would consider selling Puhoi only if the Court disrupted his plans to utilise the land by including an opponent, Tai Kiamana, on the title. When the Court heeded Te Hemara's wishes, the threat of sale was dropped.117

Indeed, in the wake of the hearings, Te Hemara increased his efforts to develop the Waiwera–Puhoi lands. There were no major sales. In 1867, Judge Rogan praised the chief for fencing and making improvements as part of his involvement in ‘European- style farming’.118 Rogan suggested that these advances were proof that the Native Land Court system encouraged Maori enterprise and prosperity. It is possible that Te Hemara

114 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 940-950 115 McBurney, A36, p 433; Rigby, E18, p134 116 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 949; McBurney, A36, p 436 117 This is my understanding of McBurney, A36, p 438 118 Daamen et al, H2, p 257 55

funded these developments in part by selling land elsewhere but he was holding on to land in Waiwera–Puhoi at this stage.

But within a few years, Waiwera–Puhoi was under renewed pressure from the Government and private purchasers. In 1873, the Crown purchased the Okaihu block of 2,408 acres.119 This made control over Puhoi, the only substantial Maori-owned block in the area more important still. But from 1876 to 1877, Robert Graham acquired 280 acres of this 2,408-acre block.120 It was around this time that the Commissioner of Native Reserves, Charles Heaphy, warned the Crown that areas needed by Te Hemara's people for their villages and cultivations in Puhoi were being purchased, and called for stronger protective mechanisms to be instituted.121 This call went unheeded. In 1891, Te Hemara died and his descendants sold the land. Some left the area. Others lived on the 123-acre Opahi block, the only block upon which the Court had issued alienation restrictions.122

The Crown's tenurial system, in the individualised title it issued and in its failure to institute effective mechanisms, played a part in what Rigby terms this 'sad tale of alienation'.123 The Native Land Court in Mahurangi was the latest in a number of regimes that had led to land loss in Mahurangi. O'Malley argues that the Crown's 'reckless disregard' for the long-term interests of Mahurangi Maori had begun with its pre-1865 purchases and the failure to reserve the Waiwera–Puhoi area as a permanent tribal endowment. The land was made subject to the Native Land Court system and 'left bereft' of protection from alienation. The result was, as O'Malley puts it, 'more or less complete landlessness’.124

119 Rigby, E18, p 134 120 Rigby, E18, p 134 121 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 950 122 Rigby, E18, pp 135-136 123 Rigby, E18, p 135 124 O’Malley, A6, pp 450-451 56

Figure 5: The Mangatawhiri and Tawharanui Blocks

1.8.2. Mangatawhiri and Tawharanui The background and results of the Mangatawhiri–Tawharanui title determinations resembled the situation in Waiwera–Puhoi. In both areas, Maori land ownership survived the pre-1865 Mahurangi purchasing but not the introduction of the Court system.

There is only limited and confusing evidence regarding how Mangatawhiri and Tawharanui were not included in the Crown's pre-1865 Mahurangi purchases. What is known is that the chief Parihoro was a persistent opponent of the Crown's claims to have acquired all of Mahurangi in 1841. During attempts to extinguish Parihoro's interests in the wider area, Crown officials apparently suggested a reserve would be set aside for him in the Tawharanui Peninsula. Crown officials considered that, in combination with the Waiwera–Puhoi lands, Parihoro's area would constitute 'ample

reserves' for the entire Mahurangi area.125 However, the Crown failed to define the area under discussion or officially set aside any land for Parihoro.126

Things became more confused as other leaders in the Mahurangi area, including Parihoro's relations Te Kiri and Te More, demanded recognition of their land rights. They believed that they had secured a commitment from Crown purchase agent – and later Native Land Court judge – Rogan for a reserve around Omaha. Once again, this area was never officially granted as a reserve or clearly defined.127

It would seem that some Mahurangi Maori saw the Native Land Court as a chance to define and gain clear control over these neighbouring and possibly overlapping 'reserves'. The title hearing for the Mangatawhiri block was scheduled for January 1866 but adjourned due to a lack of survey plans. Eventually the survey was completed, with the applicants incurring considerable debts in the process. The surveyor, E A Tole claimed in Court a hefty £125 lien.128

Title investigations took place in February 1873. Unlike in Waiwera–Puhoi, pre-hearing attempts by Maori to present a united claim were unsuccessful. A number of claimants gave evidence, including Te Kiri's daughter Rahui and Arama Karaka Haututu. Parihoro's nephew also claimed interests in the block.129 The Court's minutes suggest that this evidence focused on ancestral and customary claims to the land and that the Court did not inquire into the more recent background of the block, namely the pre- 1865 Mahurangi purchases and the promises of reserves in the area.130

Instead, the Court stated that claimants with links to the ancestor Maki would be granted rights to the land. This excluded Parihoro's nephew who claimed rights through his Te Parawhau and Nga Puhi links. After discussions among the grantees, the Court agreed that the block would be divided into three sections and granted to 18 individuals when the required surveys were completed. Mangatawhiri 1, eventually surveyed at

125 Rigby, E18, p 51 126 Rigby, E18, pp 51-53 127 Rigby, E18, pp 58-60 128 Rigby, E18, pp 446, 451 129 Rigby, E18, p 450 130 McBurney, A36, pp 446-452 58

1,957 acres, was granted to eight individuals including Arama Karaka, Rahui Te Kiri, and Hori Te More.131

Title to Mangatawhiri 2 (1,435 acres) went to seven individuals including Te Hemara Tauhia. Mangatawhiri 3 was awarded to Ruka Taiaho, Wiremu Patene and the minor Te Kiri. The Court placed no alienation restrictions on the two larger portions, Mangatawhiri 1 and 2. This presumably reflected its belief, noted in the judgment, that all the grantees 'have an abundance of land elsewhere’.132 As has been mentioned, there is no indication that this pronouncement was the result of in-depth investigation. Mangatawhiri was one of the few parts of Mahurangi still in Maori ownership. The Court's failure to issue alienation restrictions was followed by the swift purchase of Mangatawhiri 1 and 2 by Pakeha.133

Around this time, the neighbouring Tawharanui block of 1,260 acres also came under the Court system. This block may have included the area promised as a reserve to Parihoro although this is far from clear. No information about the hearings or awards has been found. What is clear is that by 1877 this block had also been purchased.134

The only portion of these lands to survive this process of Court title and quick alienation was the small Mangatawhiri 3 block. This, not coincidentally, was the only piece of the Mangatawhiri–Tawharanui land restricted from alienation by the Court. It remained a rare block of Maori land in Mahurangi until its alienation restrictions were lifted in 1909. It was purchased in 1912.135

131 Berghan, A39(d), pp 126-7; McBurney, A36, p 452 132 McBurney, A36, p 452 133 Berghan, A39(d), pp 126-127 134 Berghan, A39(g), p 313 135 Berghan, A39(d), pp 126-127 59

Figure 6: The Pakiri Block

1.8.3. Pakiri The loss of the Waiwera–Puhoi and the Mangatawhiri–Tawharanui areas was a significant blow to the remaining land holdings of Mahurangi Maori. If anything, what happened at Pakiri (also known as the Pakiri North block) was more damaging. This 30,000-acre block was, in Barry Rigby's words, a 'last prized possession' and by far the largest piece of Maori-owned land remaining in Mahurangi. It was the sole significant piece of Maori-owned land on the entire east coast from Auckland to Whangarei and the only continuous strip of Maori land between Kaipara and the coast.136

However, the Native Land Court system failed to protect this land against the designs of Crown and private purchasers. In 1869, the Court ordered title to be issued to Pakiri, subject to the completion of a survey, without imposing any alienation restrictions. This

136 Rigby, E18, p 112 60

large block was granted to just three individuals even though one of the main applicants, Te Kiri, told the Court that others claimed the land. Te Kiri explained that he had tried to extinguish some of these claims through financial payments but expected that 'there will be opposition' if the Court did not recognise their rights in Pakiri.137

The hearings and awards were apparently the result of agreements between three chiefs with ties to Mahurangi: Te Kiri, his relative Te More, and Arama Karaka Haututu. They appear to have wanted to use Court title to secure ongoing Maori control over this crucial block. Upon their request, title was allocated not to these chiefs but to their heirs and representatives, a new generation of leaders. The aged Te Kiri placed his daughter Rahui, who would later provide strong resistance to Crown attempts to acquire the land, on the title. Te More was represented by his son, Hori Panapa. Arama Karaka installed a minor, Wiapo Te Whakationga, the son of an ally of his, on the title.138

But Maori control over this land was threatened by debt, including from the Court process itself. Te Kiri told the Court he had already paid £146 for the incomplete survey of Pakiri and that the total cost would come to £400.139 Te More had been successfully sued by the storekeeper John McLeod for over £290, a debt which McLeod wanted Te More to settle through a transfer of land.140

Most critically, the Court hearing entwined these chiefs and the fate of Pakiri with the lawyer (and later Native Minister) John Sheehan. In Rigby's opinion, Sheehan played a 'disgraceful' part in the eventual alienation of the land.141 Sheehan’s multiple roles in the sale of Pakiri included representing Te Kiri during the title hearing and acting for Te More in his court battles with John McLeod over store debt. He used his influence to be named, alongside Arama Karaka, as the trustee for the minor Wiapo.142

137 McBurney, A36, p 441. Note that Te Kiri's evidence, briefly recorded and translated in the minute books, is not easy to understand. 138 McBurney, A36, pp 441-444 139 McBurney, A36, p 441 140 Berghan, A39(f), pp 73-4 141 Rigby, E18, p 119 142 Rigby, E18, p 114 61

But Sheehan was simultaneously working for the storekeeper McLeod and had by 1872 devised a plan for the Crown to purchase all of Pakiri. According to this proposal, Te More's debt to McLeod and Sheehan's legal fees would be paid out of the purchase price given to Maori. The Crown, eager to acquire Pakiri as part of the construction of the Great North Road, agreed.143

The Crown could not secure the legal agreement of any of the three owners to the sale of Pakiri. Rahui Te Kiri refused to sell. Te Waipo was a minor and legally could not sell. Te More's son had died. His son, a minor, was named as his successor with his grandfather, Te More, acting as trustee. Crown purchase agent Edward Brissenden was undeterred by this problem. In 1874, he made payments to the trustees of two of the owners – the debt-ridden and cash-strapped Te More and Arama Karaka, and the duplicitous Sheehan –who then signed a deed purporting to transfer the entire block to the Crown.144

By 1876, the Crown acknowledged that the whole transaction was illegal. One of the three owners, Rahui Te Kiri, had not signed and refused to sell. The other vendors were trustees not entitled to sell. But the Crown refused to abandon its claims to Pakiri. In 1877, Sheehan, by this stage the Native Minister, shepherded through Parliament a law allowing trustees to sell the property of minors and retroactively validating prior sales such as Pakiri. Rahui Te Kiri continued to resist but in 1880 the Native Land Court subdivided Pakiri into three areas, each approximately 10,000 acres. Two of the subdivisions were granted to the Crown on the basis of the 1874 'sale' by Sheehan and the other trustees.145

Only Rahui Te Kiri's section remained in Maori ownership. It was the base for many of those Mahurangi Maori who remained in the region. But the Court imposed no alienation restrictions on the land and much of it was alienated in the 1920s.146 By 1865, Mahurangi Maori were threatened with virtual landlessness. The Native Land Court system helped turn that threat into a reality.

143 Rigby, E18, p 114 144 Rigby, E18, p 116 145 Rigby, E18, pp 117-118; Berghan, A39(f), p 87 146 Berghan, A39(f), p 90 62

Figure 7: Crown purchasing in the Puhipuhi–Whakapara area

(Source: Modified from Derby, A61, Figure 2, p 33)

1.9. Large-Scale Interaction with the Court Leading to Large-Scale Land Loss: Puhipuhi–Whakapara Most blocks established by the Native Land Court in Te Raki during this period were relatively small. Nonetheless, the Court's most profound impact was by awarding a few large blocks to a handful of individuals. Indeed, most Te Raki land that came under the Crown's new tenurial system during this period was grouped together in a few large blocks. Only 18 blocks of more than 5,000 acres were established between 1865 and 1874 but they collectively contained about 211,972 acres. By way of contrast, title was awarded for 249 blocks of 100 acres or less but these blocks collectively containing just 7,165 acres (see tables and graphs in section 1.7).

What shall be termed the Puhipuhi–Whakapara area, stretching between the Bay of Islands and Whangarei sub-regions, was at the heart of early Native Land Court activity in Te Raki. No other locality saw a comparable amount of customary land passed through the Court. Within a decade, local Maori had received or were in the process of receiving Crown title over more than 128,000 acres. This encapsulated the great majority of Maori-owned land in this locality. Only two pockets of customary Maori land remained. Not coincidentally, Puhipuhi–Whakapara was also the main centre for Crown purchasing in Te Raki during this period. Indeed, this area would be an early example of the fact that in Te Raki, where Crown purchasers went, the Court was soon to follow.

By the mid-1860s, the Crown had acquired considerable land in this area, which it considered to be valuable hinterlands for the Bay of Islands and Whangarei ports. The 1862 Hikurangi purchase took Crown ownership to within a few miles of Whangarei, while the 1864 Ruapekapeka purchase gave it access to the Bay of Islands through the Kawakawa outlet. The Crown sought to link up these purchases and create a large, strategically and economically important area of European-owned land.147

With the dismantling of the Native Purchase Department in 1865, responsibility for Crown purchasing in Te Raki was transferred to the Auckland Provincial Government. From 1866, its purchasing officer, John White was negotiating and making advance

147 Derby, A61, p 34 64 payments to acquire large parts of the Puhipuhi–Whakapara area even though these were customary areas belonging to wider communities under traditional tenure. The individual Maori who received advance payment for these lands were not legally recognised owners and had no right to sell. There is nothing to suggest that White paid these individuals after careful investigation into who held legitimate interests in the area. Instead, he paid a few local Maori keen to sell land, and then assisted them to carry out the necessary surveys and apply to the Court for title. Once they received title, they could officially sell the land to the Auckland Provincial Government.148

These advance payments led to the May 1867 hearings for the Otonga and Opuawhanga (or Opuawhango) blocks. It would appear that the investigations and title determinations to these blocks were quick and perfunctory. A small group of local Maori successfully sought title to large areas that they were already negotiating to sell to the Crown.149

It is difficult to gauge to what degree wider groups and tribes knew about and supported these Court applications – or the subsequent transactions. The crucial point is that the Court does not seem to have been bothered by such issues. No alienation restrictions were levelled on these blocks even though, or perhaps because, the Court was informed that there had already been prior agreements to 'give up' the land to the Auckland Provincial Government.150 Indeed, the Court issued alienable, absolute title to a handful of individuals, despite having the power under the 1865 Act to award blocks of over 5,000 acres to tribes.

On 14 May 1867, the Court granted title to the Otonga 1 (26,810 acres) and Otonga 2 (1,226 acres). Two days later, title was awarded for Opuawhanga (or Opuawhango) 1-4, collectively comprising an estimated 33,193 acres.151 After the title determination, the Auckland Provincial Government made a series of further payments to the awardees

148 Derby, A61, p 37 149 Berghan, A39(e), pp 135-136, 239-240 150 The Native Land Court apparently did either reserve or exclude three areas from the Opuawhanga 1 and 4 blocks and Otonga 1. However, Pipiwharauroa and Ngatahuna were subsequently purchased by the Crown. Little evidence is available about the Te Wairahi block but only small portions of it remain Maori land. See Rigby, A56, Appendix B; and Berghan, A39(h), p 161. 151 Opuawhanga 1–3 received interlocutory orders only, as the required surveys were not complete. 65

(and apparently to other Maori). By May 1870, it considered all these blocks to be fully and finally acquired. However, the chaotically implemented and recorded process of payments replete with accusations of forgery, loss of the deeds, and dissension from Maori prompted the Crown to arrange for new deeds to be signed in 1878. This was duly achieved – albeit not without ongoing protests from Maori – and the Opuawhanga and Otonga blocks were officially declared Crown land.152

The 1867 title determination into Opuawhanga and Otonga encouraged more hearings and sales in the region. In particular, the hearings were a success for Eru Nehua and Haki Whangawhanga of Ngati Hau. After being granted Otonga 1, they immediately sold it to the Auckland Provincial Government. Mark Derby's report suggests that Nehua, whom he depicts as a 'modernising and entrepreneurial figure', had devised a clear strategy with regard to the Native Land Court.153 He was determined to gain title to and sell large areas to the Crown. At the same time, he sought secure permanent legal control for his whanau and people over their home base of Taharoa, where Nehua had farmed since 1862. After receiving title and payment for Otonga 1, Nehua proposed to his fellow Ngati Hau leaders that he return immediately to the Court to gain title over Taharoa. They disagreed but a compromise was reached under which Nehua would lead the Ngati Hau effort to gain title over all of Puhipuhi. Once this was achieved, he would have the Court grant him and his whanau the southern parts of the block, which included Taharoa. In 1871, Nehua arranged for the survey of Puhipuhi in preparation for a Court hearing.154

Nehua's plan met resistance from other chiefs and tribes claiming connections to Puhipuhi. The powerful Ngati Hine chief Maihi Paraone Kawiti was particularly opposed. While Nehua wanted Court title and Crown sales to finance his development of Taharoa, Kawiti was apparently engaged in similar efforts to fund his people's endeavours around Kawakawa. In 1873, Kawiti sought a Crown loan for a mill he was establishing that 'will raise us up and make us more prosperous’.155 He offered land

152 Berghan, A39(e), pp 135-147, 239-240; Rigby, A56, Appendix A, pp 3-4; Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 410 153 Derby, A61, p 25 154 Derby, A61, especially p 41 155 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 937 66

west of Puhipuhi as security. The Crown refused to loan the money and instead offered to buy the land. It would seem that Kawiti promptly went to the Court and gained title for himself and others of Ngati Hine over the 19,500-acre Hukerenui block, before selling it to the Crown on 5 November 1873.156

In 1873, the first hearings for Puhipihi took place. Nehua's claim of the land on behalf of Ngati Hau was opposed by Kawiti representing Ngati Hine, and Horotene Tawatawa representing Ngati Wai and others. This case is discussed in more detail below. Pertinent to our current discussion is that the opposition within the Court complicated and delayed but did not prevent another large-scale Court award and Crown purchase. The Crown continued to make advance payments and title was finally awarded in 1883. Almost immediately, most of Puhipuhi was sold to the Crown although Nehua and his whanau did secure two small blocks around Taharoa (Puhipihi 4 and 5), which they would try to develop for the rest of the century.157

Puhipuhi, with its drawn-out hearings, was the exception to the rule in this area. The Court granted Kawiti sole title to the 27,800-acre Wairua block which he sold to the Crown on 2 June 1875.158 In little more than a decade, over 128,000 acres of Maori land in the Puhipuhi–Whakapara area had passed through the Court. Apart from a few small areas, all this land was purchased by the Crown. The Court in its first decade in Te Raki, at least in Puhipuhi–Whakapara, was part of a process in which a few individuals sold large amounts of land. Title hearings were prompted by the payment of advances and pressure from Crown purchase agents. Few alienation restrictions were issued and the Court's issuing of title led directly to land sales and large-scale land loss.

These hearings had far-reaching consequences not just for local Maori but for the Court process in Te Raki. What happened in Puhipuhi–Whakapara was, at least from the Crown's perspective, an early and successful trial of tactics that would prove devastatingly effective in Te Raki in the coming years. As will be shown, from the mid-

156 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 936-939; Berghan, A39(e), p194; Rigby, A56, Appendix A, p 1. This is my understanding of the chronology, but the lack of title information on Hukerenui makes it possible, although unlikely, that Kawiti had already secured title to the land before he offered it as security for the loan. 157 Derby, A61, in various places 158 Derby, A61, pp 30, 96; Rigby, A56, Appendix A, p 8 67

1870s the Court in Te Raki frequently granted title to a few Maori who had already received advance payments for the land and wished to complete the transaction. This pattern of advance payments, awarding land to those who were already committed to selling it, and then final sale risked dispossessing Maori by allowing large areas of land to be sold without communal control or general consent. It also posed real risks for the integrity and independence of the Court. The Court was tacitly encouraged to act as an assistant or agent to the Crown's land purchasing department rather than as an independent judicial body charged with weighty investigative and protective responsibilities. This danger would only grow in the following years.

2. Chapter Two: The Court and Crown Land Purchasing, 1875–1880

2.1. Introduction Between 1875 and 1880, the Native Land Court cemented its dominance in Te Raki and emerged as a key element and ally in the Crown's land purchasing programme in the region. During its first decade, the Court's impact – and the way it was used and seen by Te Raki Maori – was far from uniform. While it was associated with large-scale alienations and landlessness in some parts of Te Raki, Maori in other parts of the inquiry district had restricted and not necessarily negative interaction with the Court. They retained significant amounts of land in customary tenure while using the Court to gain legal title over generally small blocks. Legal title was sought for diverse reasons, including as part of efforts by local Maori to achieve economic development. While the benefits of this type of interaction with the Court were initially limited, so were the drawbacks.

But from 1875, the Court's key influence upon Te Raki was unmistakable. It was an integral part of the process by which Maori land was transferred to the Crown. Most importantly, the Court awarded large areas of formerly communally controlled land to small numbers of individual Maori who were already arranging to sell it to the Crown. Simultaneously, the Crown was also snapping up land that had earlier come under the Court system. The unprecedented speed and scale of land transactions during these years encouraged local Maori to seek legal title over their remaining lands. These few years were the period in which the Native Land Court had the most effect on Te Raki Maori. From this time on, the Native Land Court was inextricably connected, in the view of Te Raki Maori, with massive land loss. The Court during this period was shaped and defined by its role in Crown land purchasing.

2.2. The Court in Control Between 1875 and 1880, traditional, collective methods of holding Maori land became a diminishing force in Te Raki. In 1865, when the Native Land Court became operative, Te Raki Maori had at least 935,755 acres of land in customary tenure. By 1880, at least 581,060 acres had gone under the Crown's land titling system. This was 62.10 percent of all known Maori land in Te Raki. If land that went before the Court during an unknown period is excluded, we can say that approximately 69.8 percent of the Court's titling of Te Raki had taken place by 1880. By that time, most of the Court's work – at least in terms of bringing Maori land into the Crown's tenurial system and awarding ownership to individuals – had been done.

Table 11: Number of known blocks and acres titled by the Native Land Court in each time period, Te Raki inquiry district

Time period No. blocks titled % of blocks Acres titled % of known acres 1865-1874 469 49.2% 325,200.2 39.1% 1875-1880 202 21.2% 255,860.3 30.7% By end of 1880 671 70.3% 581,060.5 69.8% 1881-1889 75 7.9% 62,132.4 7.5% 1890-1899 61 6.4% 41,427.3 5.0% 1900-1920 116 12.2% 146,191.7 17.6% After 1920 31 3.2% 1,673.1 0.2% Total 954 100.0% 832,485.1 100.0% (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C) NB: Excludes 104 blocks (103,269.5 acres) where date of titling is unknown

Graph 14: Proportion of known acres titled by Native Land Court in each time period, Te Raki inquiry district

0.2%

17.6% By end of 1880

5.0% 1881-1889 7.5% 1890-1899

69.8% 1900-1920

After 1920

The Court system was by this point dominant in all five sub-regions. In Whangarei, the largest of the sub-regions, 78.1 percent of land that was Maori-owned in 1865 had been titled by the Court by 1880. Most Maori land in Hokianga (63.2 percent), Bay of Islands (57 percent) and Whangaroa (59.4 percent) sub-regions had also come under the new, individualised system of land tenure. This is shown in the table and graph below.

Table 12: Proportion of known acres titled/remaining to be titled in each sub- region by the end of 1880

Sub-region Acres titled % acres titled Acres yet to be titled % acres yet to be titled Bay of Islands 94,456.1 57.0% 71,153.1 43.0% Hokianga 114,235.1 63.2% 66,642.9 36.8% Mahurangi 41,794.5 81.8% 9,287.3 18.2% Whangarei 273,977.7 78.1% 76,694.8 21.9% Whangaroa 40,445.2 59.4% 27,646.3 40.6% Te Raki 564,908.6 69.8% 251,424.6 30.2% (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C) NB: Excludes 13 blocks (16,152.0 acres) where sub-region is not known NB: Number of acres yet to be titled for Te Raki inquiry district calculated by substracting known acres titled by the end of 1880 from total known acres in Te Raki (832,485.1 acres). Land titled during an unknown period was excluded.

Graph 15: Proportion of known acres titled/remaining to be titled in each sub- region by the end of 1880

% acres titled % acres yet to be titled

100.0%

90.0% 18.2% 21.9% 30.2% 36.8% 80.0% 40.6% 43.0% 70.0%

60.0%

50.0%

40.0% 81.8% 78.1% 69.8% 63.2% 30.0% 59.4% 57.0% 20.0%

Proportion of acres titled/yet to be titled be to titled/yet acres of Proportion 10.0%

0.0% Mahurangi Whangarei Te Raki Hokianga Whangaroa Bay of Islands Sub-regions

The situation was more extreme in Mahurangi and the Gulf Islands where the first years of the Court largely extinguished customary tenure. Between 1865 and 1880, the Court ordered title to be issued to 81.8 percent of Maori-owned land in this sub-region. Much of the remaining land, including the one substantial area of Maori land remaining in customary title, the off-shore island of Hauturu (6,960 acres), was already before the Court and awaiting final titling.159

The Crown's titling system spread at a rate not seen before or after in Te Raki. Between 1875 and 1880, at least 255,000 acres of Maori land was titled by the Court at an average of more than 42,643 acres per year. This was even quicker than the period between 1865 and 1874, when around 325,200 acres was titled at an average of 32,520 acres per year (see table and graph below).

Table 13: Average number of acres titled per year in each time period, Te Raki inquiry district

Time period Acres titled No. yrs in time period Average acres titled per yr 1865-1874 325,200.2 10 32,520.0 1875-1880 255,860.3 6 42,643.4 1881-1889 62,132.4 9 6,903.6 1890-1899 41,427.3 10 4,142.7 1900-1920 146,191.7 20 7,309.6 (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C)

Graph 16: Average number of known acres titled per year in each time period, Te Raki inquiry district

45,000.0 42,643.4

40,000.0

35,000.0 32,520.0

30,000.0

25,000.0

20,000.0

15,000.0 Average acres titled 10,000.0 6,903.6 7,309.6 4,142.7 5,000.0

0.0 1865-1874 1875-1880 1881-1889 1890-1899 1900-1920 Time period

159 Ralph Johnson, ‘Report on the Crown Acquisition of Hauturu (Little Barrier Island)’, Waitangi Tribunal, 1999, Wai 1040, E8, p 4 72

The Court was most active in the Whangarei sub-region, awarding title to 132,749 acres of previously customary land. It was also busy making title determinations in Hokianga involving 52,003 acres, the Bay of Islands 39,568 acres, and Whangaroa 24,567 acres. As has been seen, there was little left for the Court to do in Mahurangi and the Gulf Islands with customary title and Maori land ownership already on its way out.

Table 14: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in each sub- region, 1875–1880

Sub-region No. blocks titled Acres titled % known acres Bay of Islands 53 39,567.8 15.8% Hokianga 41 52,003.0 20.8% Mahurangi 1 1,260.0 0.5% Whangarei 85 132,749.1 53.1% Whangaroa 20 24,567.4 9.8% Te Raki 200 250,147.3 100.0% (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C) NB: Excludes 2 blocks (5,713.0 acres) where sub-region is unknown

Graph 17: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in each sub- region, 1875–1880

200,000.0 180,000.0 160,000.0 140,000.0 132,749.1 120,000.0 100,000.0

80,000.0 65,395.2 Acres titled 60,000.0 52,003.0 39,567.8 40,000.0 24,567.4 20,000.0 1,260.0 0.0 Te Raki Whangarei Hokianga Bay of Whangaroa Mahurangi Islands Sub-regions

As with the previous decade, the Court established many small blocks, but most Maori land that went through the Court was concentrated in a few large titles. The Court issued memorials of ownership to 202 new Native Land Court blocks between 1875 and 1880. Only 11 were larger than 5,000 acres but these blocks accounted for a combined 101,856.6 acres. By contrast, the 59 blocks of 100 acres or fewer held a combined total of just 2,045.6 acres.

Table 15: Number of known blocks and acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1875–1880 period in Te Raki inquiry district by size range (acres)

Block size range (acres) No. of blocks titled No. of acres titled 100 or less 59 2,045.6 101-200 23 3,438.3 201-300 11 3,086.9 301-400 10 3,518.4 401-500 12 5,245.9 500 or less 115 17,335.0 501-1,000 20 29,301.0 1,001-2,000 15 38,714.0 2,001-3,000 12 42,095.3 3,001-4,000 3 13,727.0 4,001-5,000 16 12,831.5 More than 5,000 11 101,856.6 Unknown 10 Total 202 255,860.3 (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C)

Graph 18: Number of known blocks titled by the Native Land Court in the 1875– 1880 period in the Te Raki inquiry district by size range (acres)

200

180

160

140

120 115

100

60 No. of blocks titled 40 20 15 16 20 12 11 10 3 0 500 or less 501-1,000 1,001-2,000 2,001-3,000 3,001-4,000 4,001-5,000 More than Unknown 5,000 Size range (acres)

Graph 19: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1875– 1880 period in the Te Raki inquiry district by size of block

120,000.0 101,856.6 100,000.0

80,000.0

60,000.0 42,095.3 38,714.0 40,000.0

No. of acres titled 29,301.0 17,335.0 20,000.0 13,727.0 12,831.5

0.0 500 or less 501-1,000 1,001-2,000 2,001-3,000 3,001-4,000 4,001-5,000 More than 5,000 Size range (acres)

2.3. The Turning Point: 1875–1876 The short period from 1875 to 1876 can be considered the turning point in the history of the Court in Te Raki and its role in Maori land loss. During these years the Court was busier and, in terms of its role in Maori land loss, had a greater impact than at any other stage before or after.

This was a sudden surge. In 1874, Court activities had largely ground to a halt in Te Raki, with just 127.9 acres of Maori land titled. But the Court's apparent irrelevance was short-lived in 1875 the Court awarded title to about 138,043 acres (see table and graph below). Crown purchasing agents were already active in the district and would play a significant role in a flood of new applications and title determinations.

Table 16: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in the Te Raki inquiry district in each year from 1865 to 1880

Year No. blocks titled Acres titled 1865 33 4,784.2 1866 83 67,085.6 1867 90 65,050.7 1868 74 81,402.8 1869 15 32,150.9 1870 47 21,473.7 1871 27 8,862.5 1872 39 3,330.5 1873 59 40,931.4 1874 2 127.9 1875 54 138,043.9 1876 57 37,123.4 1877 28 30,769.7 1878 8 1,732.2 1879 32 25,337.7 1880 23 22,853.5 Total 671 581,060.5 (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C)

Graph 20: Number of known blocks titled by the Native Land in the Te Raki inquiry district in each year from 1865 to 1880

100 90 90 83 80 74 70 59 57 60 54 50 47 39 40 33 32

No. blocks titled 27 28 30 23 20 15 8 10 2 0 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 Year

As Armstrong and Subasic discuss, the Crown's land purchasing programme in Te Raki began in earnest in 1874.160 Its agents sought to acquire land that had already been titled by the Native Land Court – and therefore had legally recognised owners – but focused much of their efforts on acquiring large chunks of customary land. The fact that these customary lands were not legally alienable and had no legally recognised owners proved an only temporary and easily overcome barrier to the Crown. Its purchasing agents were soon confidently claiming, even before the Court had met, that they had acquired or were about to acquire large areas in Te Raki.161

What the Crown needed to complete these transactions was for the Court to play its part and issue legally-alienable title to these lands, particularly to Maori willing to sell them. Initially, purchasing agents were frustrated by delays caused by the Court process, which they believed should facilitate and serve the Crown's purchasing agenda, not complicate or delay it. In August 1874, the Crown's most prolific purchasing agent in Te Raki, E T Brissenden, suggested to Native Minister Donald McLean that the Native Land Court should be instructed to relax its 'technical' requirements when ruling on lands the Government wanted to buy in Te Raki as:

160 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 657 161 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 659 77

the large nature of Government transactions, the fact that the Government is purchasing on public account and in the interest of the whole colony, renders it a not unreasonable demand that blocks handed over by them for investigation by the Native Land Court should not be governed by the cast-iron rules which are applied, and properly applied, to private purchasers.162

Brissenden argued that Native Land Court judges should be requested ‘to give the utmost facility to the passage of Government blocks through the Court, and to waive the enforcement of technical rules in such cases’.163

In general, Court officials were supportive of Crown land purchasing and sympathetic to the wishes of its purchase agents. Even Judge Maning, who strongly opposed aspects of the interaction between the Court and Crown purchasing agents, met with Brissenden in September 1874 to discuss how the title investigation process could better facilitate land alienation. Armstrong and Subasic detail Maning's quite extraordinary suggestions about how this could be achieved, including the idea that purchase agents could, in effect, replace the Native Land Court and decide which Maori were entitled to own (and sell) lands, and, apparently, that Brissenden be appointed a judge to aid his purchasing efforts.164

Such overt breaches of the Court's nominal independence were neither carried out in Te Raki nor needed by Crown purchasing agents. By 1875, the twin processes of Court titling and Crown purchasing were proceeding at a remarkable rate. Court hearings were taking place throughout Te Raki (except in the Mahurangi and Gulf Islands sub- region), with much of the land, especially in the larger blocks, acquired by the Crown soon after title was awarded. Rigby calculated that in 1875 the Crown completed the purchase of 207,382 acres of Maori land in Te Raki. In 1876, it acquired another 113,937 acres. Together this represented just over 70 percent of the acreage purchased by the Crown in the inquiry district between 1875 and 1880. As Rigby notes, before or

162 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 657 163 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 659-660 164 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 649, 1028 78

after, there was 'nothing comparable' to these 'two remarkable years' of Crown purchasing.165

Armstrong and Subasic argue that this 'frenzy' of purchasing was 'the beginning of the economic and political demise of northern Maori'.166 It was the most hectic two years of Crown land purchasing in Te Raki history, unmatched by either the Crown's pre-1865 acquisitions or the 1890s wave of buying under the Liberal Government. These two years did much to define both life in Te Raki and the character of the Court for the rest of the 19th century and beyond. Rigby calculates that around half of all Crown purchasing between 1865 and 1900 took place in 1875–1876.167 After this surge, Crown purchasing slowed but did not stop. Between 1877 and the end of 1880, the Crown acquired another 118,449 acres of Maori land in Te Raki.

Table 17: Number of known acres purchased by the Crown in the Te Raki inquiry district in each year from 1875 to 1880

Year of purchase deed Acres purchased % purchased 1875 207,382.0 47.2% 1876 113,937.0 25.9% 1877 26,696.0 6.1% 1878 61,214.0 13.9% 1879 13,666.0 3.1% 1880 16,873.0 3.8% Total 439,768.0 100.0% (Source: Title determination master sheet with Rigby Crown purchase data, Appendix G)

165 Rigby, A56, pp 4, 6 166 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 649. Armstrong and Subasic use 1873 as the starting-point as this was when the Crown began to put in place the resources for a purchasing programme. 167 Rigby, A56, p 4 79

Graph 21: Number of known acres purchased by the Crown in the Te Raki inquiry district in each year from 1875 to 1880

250,000.0

207,382.0 200,000.0

150,000.0 113,937.0

100,000.0

Acres purchased 61,214.0 50,000.0 26,696.0 13,666.0 16,873.0

0.0 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 Year of purchase deed

Graph 22: Proportion of acres purchased by the Crown each year in the Te Raki inquiry district between 1875 and 1880

3.1% 3.8%

1875 13.9% 1876

1877 6.1% 47.2% 1878

25.9% 1879 1880

The Court was an essential part of this purchasing. From 1875, it worked quickly and – at least in the view of Crown purchasing agents – efficiently to issue title to Maori land that the Crown then purchased. In 1875, the Court issued memorials of ownership for more than 207,000 acres, the most Maori land ever titled in a single year in Te Raki. The

Court would never issue anywhere near this amount of land title again, and during the period from 1875 to 1880, the Crown purchased more land than the Court titled. (This data is shown in bold the table below and is circled on the accompanying graph). But the relative slowdown in Court activities was not an impediment to Crown purchasers. Rather, it was a reflection that the Crown's desire for new hearings and new purchases was growing satiated.

Table 18: Number of known acres titled compared with the number of known acres purchased by the Crown in each time period, Te Raki inquiry district

Time period No. blks titled Acres titled % acres titled No. purchases Acres purchased % acres purchased 1865-1874 469 325,200.2 39.1% 12 39,896.0 6.5% 1875-1880 202 255,860.3 30.7% 107 439,768.0 71.5% 1881-1889 75 62,132.4 7.5% 15 51,737.0 8.4% 1890-1899 61 41,427.3 5.0% 87 81,473.5 13.2% 1900-1920 116 146,191.7 17.6% 10 2,205.0 0.4% After 1920 31 1,673.1 0.2% Unknown Unknown Unknown Total 954 832,485.1 100.0% 231 615,080 100.0% (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C)

Graph 23: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court compared to the number of known acres purchased by the Crown in the 1875–1880 period, Te Raki inquiry district

500,000.0 Acres titled Acres purchased 439,768.0 450,000.0

400,000.0

350,000.0 325,200.2

300,000.0 255,860.3 250,000.0

200,000.0 146,191.7 150,000.0

Acres titled or purchased 100,000.0 62,132.4 81,473.5 39,896.0 51,737.0 41,427.3 50,000.0 2,205.0 0.0 1865-1874 1875-1880 1881-1889 1890-1899 1900-1920 Time period

2.4. The Crown Purchasing Process and the Court The Native Land Court in Te Raki was confronted with major and opposing pressures during this period. The most transformative challenge was the extent and nature of the Crown's purchasing programme. In particular, the influence and tactics used by Crown purchase agents posed a challenge to the independence of the Court.

Armstrong and Subasic argue that the Crown routinely made advance payments to Te Raki Maori who were not yet the legal owners of the land in question, and then sought to have the Court grant title to these individuals so that sale could be completed.168 As shown above, Crown agents such as Brissenden already viewed these lands as 'Government blocks' and expected the Court to act in the 'interest of the whole colony' and issue title in such a way that would ensure the speedy completion of sale.

As mentioned, there is a lack of transparency and documentation surrounding the interaction between Crown purchasing and Court decisions during this period. Nonetheless, the evidence available suggests that Crown purchase agents played an intimate and multi-faceted role in the Court process. Crown agents were in frequent contact, both formal and informal, with Court officials. By negotiating and making payments prior to Court title determination, they effectively selected who they wished to be named as the legal owners.169 Crown agents assisted would-be grantees/vendors to navigate the Court process, including arranging for the land to be surveyed – and the survey costs to be paid for out of subsequent payments for land – and making applications for hearings on their behalf.170 Brissenden, Preece, Nelson, Kemp, and other purchasing officers were also routinely present during Court hearings. At times, they explicitly informed Court officials of the advance payments and purchasing arrangements they had made and who they wished the land to be granted to in order to give effect to those arrangements. In any case, Court officials were well aware of the extent of Crown pre-title land dealings.171

168 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 677, 702-703 169 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 689, 702-704 170 Clarkson, A58, p 35; Daamen et al, H2, p 238; Berghan, A39(g), p 180 171 Berghan, A39(e), p 269; Berghan, A39(g), p 180; Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 707-711 82

It is likely – although there is little explicit evidence for this – that Crown purchase agents played an important role in the informal discussions that took place during Court hearings and recesses that were vital in selecting which Maori would appear on the memorial of ownership. Crown purchasing agents sometimes gave evidence during title determinations and lobbied the Native Minister to reject applications for any title rehearings that might complicate their purchase plans. The courtroom itself was often used as the place to complete transactions, with judges acting as witnesses to the final payments.172

There was consequently a considerable risk that Crown purchasing agents would have undue direct or indirect influence over the Court's titling process. This was particularly dangerous in that the Crown's agents wanted particular Maori installed as owners so that they could sell the land. Crown agents generally preferred to deal with a minimum number of vendors, and, according to Armstrong and Subasic, did little to determine whether those they were dealing with were the only right holders to the land in question. They suggest that Crown purchase agents in Te Raki were sometimes careless and rushed into deciding who they would make advance payments to and support during the Court process. Purchase agents often dealt with prominent chiefs but there is little evidence that the Crown – or subsequently the Court – ascertained whether these leaders had the support of all of their own community, let alone that of other tribes and communities, in these title and selling arrangements. In areas with histories of complex tribal disputes, the Crown sometimes dealt with individuals from only one of the rival groups. Indeed, Armstrong and Subasic suggest that on some occasions the Crown used any willing vendor without investigating the legitimacy of their interests.173

Advance payments – and the resulting Court hearings – proved to be 'remarkably effective' in securing vast areas of Te Raki land for the Crown, especially as Maori who received advances felt bound to the agreement and rarely refused completion.174 Advance payments deepened the individualising tendencies of the Court process and

172 Berghan A39(f), p 40; Clarkson, A58, pp 55-57. The Native Land Court Act 1873 required that signatures to Crown purchases be witnessed by a Native Land Court judge or Resident Magistrate plus one other 'credible' witness. See Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 655 173 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 681-683, 689-696, 702-704 174 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 678 83

further undermined the already restricted ability of Te Raki Maori to collectively control, limit and benefit from the sale of their land. These payments encouraged and enabled individuals to seek title and sell land themselves, without necessarily receiving communal backing. But advances also drew others, including important chiefs, into the land-titling and selling process. It would seem to have been a regular occurrence in Te Raki that Crown agents made their initial advance payment to less prominent Maori. This provoked some chiefs to try to take the lead role in purchase negotiations, title hearings and sales.

The result of advance payments was hearings and sales but also sometimes confusion and anger. The area to be included in the eventual sale was usually not precisely defined. Instead, Crown agents sought some sort of vague preliminary agreement that would bind the vendors to complete the sale after the Court process was successfully managed. Maori were often tied to selling land to the Crown at low prices and prevented from dealing with private purchasers. Advances led to conflict between vendors and those Maori who discovered, often during surveys in advance of title hearings, that others were seeking to gain title and sell land they claimed an interest in. Indeed, Armstrong and Subasic equated it to dynamite.175

2.5. The Native Land Act 1873 If Crown purchasing tactics posed problems for Te Raki Maori, they could also be considered a challenge to the entire purpose of the Native Land Court. The Crown's land titles (and land purchasing) system was purportedly built around the concept that the Court investigated and issued title to those it considered to be the customary owners of a block. The Court defined the legal owners of land. Only subsequently, and subject to the restrictions and conditions imposed by the Court, could Crown or private purchasers discuss purchasing land from the legal owners.176

Advance payments threatened to uproot this system. They meant that the Court's titling process followed the path of purchase negotiation, not vice versa. Pre-payments were 'absolutely void' under the law. They were not illegal but they had no official standing in

175 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 45, 689-691 176 Geiringer, Wai 45, F10, pp 50-51 84

the Court's system.177 The Court's responsibility was to determine who held ownership rights to land, not to issue title to those who wished to sell to the Crown.

The Native Land Act 1873 appeared to strengthen the Court's responsibility to carry out thorough investigations into who had customary rights to land brought before the court, so that it could name all those with interests on the memorial of ownership. Numerous authors have argued that this Act furthered the individualisation of Maori land ownership and contributed to the destruction of communal society.178 Nonetheless, for our current discussion, the key point is that section 47 of the Act appeared to obligate the Court to ascertain and list every person with interests in the land on the memorial of ownership. Given that the Act did not provide for any form of Maori representative or trustee ownership, Maori rights to land could only be legally recognised and protected through naming each and every individual with rights to the land.

It could be argued that section 46 watered this down somewhat by allowing the Court to adopt voluntary arrangements reached by the claimants. But even if the Court did so, it was still required to record the names of all those consenting to the arrangement.179 Furthermore, this section apparently allowed the Court to formalise only voluntary arrangements between claimants and cross-claimants. It did not allow, or so a discussion on this issue by Armstrong and Subasic would seem to indicate, the Court to award title to an individual or individuals because they claimed that the wider community of owners had agreed to this. Legal opinion might clarify this but it would seem that the Native Land Act 1873 required the Court to ascertain and award title to all the owners, and not just to those claiming to be representatives or appointees.180

Careful and full investigations were needed if the Court was to have any opportunity to fulfil these responsibilities. Under the Act, this responsibility included pre-hearing investigations. District officers were appointed to investigate claims before they were

177 Geiringer, Wai 45, F10, pp 49-50 178 Geiringer, Wai 45, F10, pp 86-87, 91-93; Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 806-815 which summarises how the Act has been viewed. 179 Heather Bassett, Rachel Steel and Dr David Williams (writers and compilers), The Maori Land Legislation Manual Te Puka Ako Hanganga Mo Nga Ture Whenua Maori, (Wellington: Crown Forestry Rental Trust, 1994, 1995 update), section 46, Native Land Act 1873 180 See Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 707-716 85

considered by the Court, and to inform judges of any relevant information, including whether other Maori apart from the applicants were claiming the land. Section 21 required the district officers to prepare maps and information on tribal rights.181 Section 38 required Native Land Court judges to carry out their own preliminary investigations into whether the application for hearing was legitimate, to approve the preparation of surveys, and to identify witnesses with important evidence that needed to appear at the hearing.182

During this period, the Native Land Court in Te Raki was therefore often faced with two quite contradictory pressures. Crown purchase officers wanted the Court to award title as speedily as possible to the specific individuals they were negotiating to buy the land from. If the Court did not, the Crown risked losing the money spent on advance payments and, more broadly, the disruption of its entire purchasing programme.

On the other hand, the Court's governing legislation – and the already severely threatened rights of Maori – seemed to require careful investigation followed by issuing title to every individual with interests in the land, regardless of whether or not they had participated in pre-hearing negotiations to sell the land. We now discuss how the Court dealt with these pressures.

2.6. Court Operations and Crown Purchasing The Court's titling process in Te Raki proved to be of tremendous assistance to Crown purchase agents during this period. Title to large blocks was regularly awarded to a few individuals who were willing to sell the land to the Crown. In many cases, those awarded title had received pre-payments or indicated their willingness to sell the land. For Crown purchase agents, the road from pre-title negotiation to title determination and then to finalised alienations was often remarkably smooth.

Despite the new legislative requirements of the 1873 Native Land Act, there appears to have been few changes in the mode and thoroughness of the Native Land Court's inquiries in Te Raki. The limited available evidence indicates that title determinations

181 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 682; Geiringer, Wai 45, F10, p 87 182 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 683; Geiringer, Wai 45, F10, p 87 86

were sometimes brief, with evidence given and a decision completed after a day or less of hearing. In some cases, including those involving large blocks, there was no or relatively little opposition to the main applicants, and little indication of in-depth questioning and cross-examination.

As in the earlier decade, the Court continued to be willing – even keen – to rubber- stamp out-of-court arrangements over title matters. This continued even though the Court was sometimes explicitly informed, and could not but be aware, that many of these arrangements would result in the immediate sale of the land. Despite the apparent requirement of the Native Land Act 1873 that all owners be named on the memorial of ownership, the Court frequently awarded land to a few individuals presumably on the basis that they had been selected by, or represented, wider groups of owners. As will be discussed, a senior Court official protested, largely in vain, about this practice.

Other features and requirements of the 1873 Native Land Act were also overlooked in the rush toward title determination and alienation. District officers were eventually appointed, including W E Webster in the Hokianga and Mangonui districts, Gilbert Mair in the Bay of Islands, and H T Kemp in Kaipara.183 However, there is little to suggest that they offered Maori much protection or contributed to more in-depth inquiries.184 Webster did at least attend some Native Land Court hearings, but aside from a minor part in a case discussed below, what role he played is not clear.185

During research for this report no examples of district officers carrying out pre-hearing investigations were found. The only mention seen of the issue revolved around a failure to carry out pre-hearing investigations. In January 1875, Native Minister Donald McLean criticised Webster for not providing the Crown and the Court with sufficient information or context before surveys of the Otangaroa and Kaingapipiwai (Te Patoa) blocks were approved. These surveys, sparked by Crown land purchase negotiations

183 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 682 184 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 682-683; Geiringer, Wai 45 F10, p 88 185 Alexandra Horsley, ‘A History of the Otangaroa, Te Pupuke, and Waihapa Blocks (Whangaroa) 1874- 1990’, Waitangi Tribunal, 2016, Wai 1040, A57, p 60 shows Webster attended the Otangaroa hearing in 1875. Geiringer, Wai 45, F10, p 88, states that Webster often attended hearings in the Muriwhenua inquiry district. 87

and the subsequent need for a title hearing, resulted in fierce complaints from chiefs who had not approved them.186

The requirement that Native Land Court judges carry out preliminary investigations also failed to make much of an impression. Apart from some sporadic and reluctant preliminary investigations by Maning, there is no evidence that this requirement was regularly met in Te Raki. Armstrong and Subasic suggest that the few judges operating in the area were fully occupied with the Court's busy hearing schedule and it would have been almost impossible for them to thoroughly investigate matters beforehand. Maning, at least, disapproved of the requirement and successfully asked that judges be relieved of some of their responsibilities.187 Most importantly, the Court's official records and decision-making process do not suggest that judges were especially vigilant in carrying out preliminary 'extra' investigations.

A striking feature of the Court's operations during this period was the awarding of blocks to a small number of Maori. Despite the requirements of the Native Land Court to name everyone who had rights to the land, most blocks were awarded to just a handful of individuals. Many blocks, including large areas that were then immediately sold to the Crown, were awarded to a single individual. Current information suggests that in about 78 percent of cases during this period, the Court awarded title to 10 people or fewer. The average amount of awardees for blocks in Te Raki during this period was 7.9. Even this low number somewhat misrepresents the general situation as it factors in the handful of blocks awarded to a large number of owners such as Omapere in the Bay of Island sub-region awarded to over 200 owners.188 Tellingly, blocks awarded to large numbers of owners were often not sold to the Crown during this period.

186 Horsley, A57, p 53. Derby, A61, pp 91-92 does not suggest that Webster carried out prehearing investigations in the case of Puhipuhi but, rather, on Judge Maning's instructions, tried to arrange an out- of-court agreement between rival claimants. 187 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 683, 686-689 188 Berghan, A39(e), p 76 88

Table 19: Awardees per block for blocks titled 1875–1880, Te Raki inquiry district

No. awardees per block No. of blocks % of blocks 10 or fewer 152 78.8% 11 to 15 13 6.7% 16-20 7 3.6% More than 20 15 7.8% Unknown/unclear 6 3.1% Total 193 (Source: SOPAC sheet, #1.3.2(c))

Graph 24: Proportion of known blocks titled by the Native Land Court in the period 1875–1880 by number of awardees, Te Raki inquiry district

3.1%

3.6% 7.8% 10 or fewer

6.7% 11 to 15 16-20 More than 20 Unknown/unclear

78.8%

Table 20: Average number of awardees for blocks titled by the Native Land Court in each time period, Te Raki inquiry district

Time period Average No. awardees 1865-1874 4.2 1875-1880 7.9 1881-1889 22.1 1890-1899 55.2 1900-1920 128.8 After 1920 23.9 (Source: SOPAC sheet, #1.3.2(c))

Graph 25: Average number of awardees for known blocks titled by the Native Land Court in each time period, Te Raki inquiry district

160.0

140.0 128.8

120.0

100.0

80.0

60.0 55.2

40.0 22.1 23.9 20.0 4.2 7.9 0.0 1865-1874 1875-1880 1881-1889 1890-1899 1900-1920 After 1920

Table 21: Average number of awardees by block size 1875–1880, Te Raki inquiry district

Block size range (acres) Average No. awardees 100 or less 5.7 101-200 8.0 201-300 8.7 301-400 9.5 401-500 12.2 501-1,000 29.1 1,001-2,000 32.7 2,001-3,000 62.1 3,001-4,000 69.4 4,001-5,000 104.8 More than 5,000 93.7 (Source: SOPAC sheet, #1.3.2(c))

As the examples below suggest, the awarding of title to a small number of owners was a reflection of how the Crown's purchasing programme influenced and overshadowed the Court's investigative responsibilities. Crown purchasing agents – and Maori land-sellers – generally preferred to establish large blocks with few owners. The crucial decisions on who would be named on the title were often taken before or outside the Court hearings. As Armstrong and Subasic suggest, and the case studies below bear out, Crown purchase agents appear to have exercised a degree of direct and indirect influence over

titling decisions.189 Those who had received the advances, and were designated to sell the land to the Crown, were usually awarded title.

In the following case studies, there is little indication that the Court set out to ascertain and list all the individuals with rights to the land in question. Indeed, it strains credibility to think that Native Land Court judges genuinely believed that the few individuals named on memorials of ownership represented the sum total of Maori with valid connections to the land in question.190 Instead, it would seem likely that, in many cases, that the Court accepted or assumed that the few individuals put forward were representatives of wider groups of owners.

Without doubt, there was a degree of Maori communal and chiefly agency behind the out-of-court arrangements that established who would be named on many memorials of ownership. Chiefs and their communities were seeking to make the best of their circumscribed opportunities and gain a degree of control over the Native Land Court process and their lands. But the naming of a few individuals as absolute owners of large blocks, especially as they were often under pressure from, and in negotiations with, Crown purchase agents, carried with it considerable dangers.

The Court, it would seem, did not investigate whether these 'representatives' had the support of all those with rights to the land. Judge Maning suspected that many northern Maori with land rights did not want title to be awarded to their purported 'representatives'. According to Maning, this 'silent majority' were too intimidated to openly oppose the chiefs and 'representatives' but hoped, usually unsuccessfully, that the Court would protect their interests: they are ashamed, unwilling, or afraid to oppose the wishes of the chiefs in court and hope that the law will take their case in hand and recognise their rights ...191

Granting large blocks to a few individuals was especially problematic in cases where more than one tribal group or community claimed rights to the land. Often in Te Raki

189 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 702-704 190 See Geiringer, Wai 45, F10, pp 89-91 for a discussion on Judge Monro and this issue. 191 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 713 91 during this period, only the main applicants and a few of their supporters played an active role in title determinations concerning large blocks that were then immediately sold to the Crown. It would seem that, in many of these cases, other groups and leaders were not at the Court. It is not clear whether they were unaware of the hearings, unable to attend, or refused to take part. Regardless of the reason, their absence or silence – and the Court's failure to investigate and acknowledge all those who had customary interests in the land – usually meant they were not awarded legal rights and others quickly sold the land without their clear approval.

Perhaps the central problem with the Court's naming of a few individuals on memorials of ownership, even if they were prominent chiefs, was that these owners were not legal representatives or trustees. Instead, they were absolute owners entitled, and often planning, to sell the land. The Crown purchased vast areas of Te Raki Maori land during this period without clearly securing or even seeking the consent of most Te Raki Maori, either individually or collectively.

During this period, the number of people who legally received title to Te Raki land bore no resemblance to the number of Te Raki Maori who claimed customary rights and were connected to and reliant on the land. As will be seen, with no corporate title and with Crown purchasing agents active in the area, there was a high risk that many Maori would be dispossessed and that quick, non-transparent land transactions without wide community involvement would take place.

Figure 8: The location and major partitions of the Pakanae Block

(Source: Clarkson, Wai 1040, A58, Figure 1, p 8)

2.6.1. Pakanae The Pakanae block near Hokianga Harbour is a telling example of how the Native Land Court titling system, in combination with Crown purchasing tactics, led to the alienation of vast areas of Te Raki Maori land. As Coralie Clarkson's report details, the application for title determination for this block of 13,642 acres came before Judge Monro in June 1875.192 (Some of the many other title determinations during this particular hearing that resulted in Crown purchases will be examined below.) After hearings of less than a day, Monro granted the two main portions of the block, Pakanae No. 1 (9,064 acres) and Pakanae No. 3 (3,150 acres), to only a few owners, despite evidence pointing to many other interest-holders in the land. Some of those awarded title had already accepted money to sell the land to the Crown. The sales were completed just days after the hearings. The fact that final payment and deed signing for these blocks took place within the courtroom was symbolically apt, given the close connection between the Court process and the Crown's purchase of Pakanae.

As was common in Te Raki during this period, the Pakanae title determinations were prompted by Crown purchasing efforts. In 1874, Brissenden and his subcontracted agent, Charles Nelson, secured the Crown's hold on the land by making three separate advance payments; two of them to a group led by Hapakuku Moetara. Although Hapakuku officially received both advance and final payments, and was named on the title alone, he was apparently acting on behalf of his father, Rangatira Moetara.193 These payments were accompanied by promises of considerably more money, with Nelson initially suggesting that the final price would be ten shillings or more per acre. In actuality, Hapakuku Moetara and the other sellers received a considerably lower price amounting to one shilling three pence per acre.194

Some of the Maori who accepted these pre-payments may have been lured into debt by Nelson, who provided them with goods before pressing them to pay the resulting debt through selling land. Nelson later explained that, during the Pakanae negotiations:

192 Clarkson, A58, pp 50-51 193 Clarkson, A58, p 56 194 Clarkson, A58, p 55 94

my functions, being the more facile portion of the work, might have been performed by any country shopkeeper of mediocre business tact, provided that he could speak a little Maori and had the ‘sugar’ wherewith to stimulate the palates of our dusky indigenes ...195

Hone Mohi Tawhai, a chief and Native Land Court assessor, was involved in this and other title hearings and transactions in the areas. He led a group that were paid £50 by Crown agents as part of the pre-title negotiations over Pakanae. It is not clear what exactly he was paid for but during the Pakanae hearings, Tawhai argued that Hapakuku was entitled to sole ownership over Pakanae No. 1 and declined to make any claims to the land himself.196

Following the negotiations and advance payments, Hapakuku, Rangatira Moetara, and Wiremu Rangatira, applied on 28 December 1874 for a title investigation into the Pakanae block. Before the hearing began, it was decided, presumably with Crown involvement, to have the Court divide the block into 5 (later 6) sections with the two main portions, Pakanae 1 and Pakanae 3 encompassing almost 90 percent of the total land and destined to be sold to the Crown. Although Rangatira Moetara was apparently the lead figure in the sale and title arrangement, his son Hapakuku was the only name installed on the memorial of ownership of Pakanae No. 1. It was he who then completed the sale to the Crown. It may well be that the early negotiations between Crown and Maori included an agreement on how the survey would be paid for. Surveying costs would come to £260 15s 9d, and were apparently deducted out of the final purchase price for Pakanae 1 and 3, accounting for a third of that sum.197

For Crown purchase agents and the would-be sellers, the Court's investigations into Pakanae moved quickly and easily to the granting of title. Hapakuku told the Court that his tribe Ngati Korokoro wanted him to hold title alone to Pakanae 1. Tawhai and a number of others then rose to confirm Hapakuku had ‘the mana over the land’. Two opponents to Hapakuku's claim were present in Court but quickly withdrew their opposition.198

195 Clarkson, A58, p 54 196 Clarkson, A58, p 51 197 Clarkson, A58, p 35 198 Clarkson, A58, pp 40-41 95

The inquiry into which other individuals and groups may hold rights to these large areas seems to have been perfunctory, if it took place at all. There is no evidence that the Court or the district officer carried out pre-hearing investigations. The hearing itself lasted less than a day and little evidence was recorded in the minute book.199

Despite the lack of in-depth inquiry, the Court did hear evidence that suggested Hapakuku Moetara was not the sole Maori who held rights to the land. This came from Hapakuku Moetara himself who stated that his tribe, Ngati Korokoro, had occupied the area for many generations. They had a permanent settlement there as well as pa and burial places. It was a significant food source and Moetara stated that the 'whole of Pakanae Valley was covered by our [Ngati Korokoro's] cultivations. We also had cultivations among the Hills’.200 Although Hapakuku Moetara clearly was claiming rights to the land as a representative of his people, he became the sole legal owner of the block.

Although Hapakuku claimed that Ngati Korokoro agreed that he alone should be named on the title, the Court's responsibility under the Native Land Act 1873 would seem to have been to name on the memorial of ownership all of those with rights to the land.201 Even Rangatira Moetara, the lead figure in the negotiations with the Crown over the block, and others who had received advance payments by the Crown for the land, were not included in the title. The Court had cleared the way for Hapakuku to immediately sell the land. Sale of the block was automatically prohibited under section 48 of the Native Land Act 1873 but the Act contained a proviso allowing the land to be sold if all owners agreed. Hapakuku was the only owner. A week after the hearing, he and the Crown purchase agents returned to the courtroom to complete the payments and sign the deed. Nelson, the Crown’s purchase agent, was the interpreter who provided the obligatory explanation of the nature of the transaction.202

On 10 June 1875, Pakanae 3 (3,150 acres) came before the Court. Again, the Court approved, with little investigation, title and sale arrangements that had been reached

199 Clarkson, A58, pp 39-44; Berghan, A39(f), p 40 200 Clarkson, A58, pp 18, 40 201 Clarkson, A58, p 40 202 Clarkson, A58, pp 41, 55-56 96 out of court. Te Waharoa told the Court that it had been arranged for him and Rawiri Te Tahua to be named as owners of the block. When Remi Te Tai protested about this, the Court adjourned to allow matters to be settled informally. These negotiations probably involved Crown purchase agents Brissenden and Nelson, who were at the courtroom and were poised to complete the purchase of this block. Two days later, the Court heard that matters had been satisfactorily arranged. Te Waharoa presented a list of 10 people to be named on the title. Remi did not object and the Court issued the memorial of ownership without further inquiry. On 18 June, the 10 named owners returned to the Court to sell Pakanae No. 3 to the Crown. Nelson once again explained the deed in Te Reo Maori.203

203 Clarkson, A58, pp 42-43, 56-57 97

Figure 9: Mangakahia blocks purchased by the Crown in the 1870s

2.6.2. Titling and Acquiring Land in Mangakahia During this period, Crown purchasing agents – and therefore the Native Land Court – were especially active in Mangakahia in the Whangarei sub-region. A number of reports discuss the historical background to these purchases, with all emphasising the area's complex and volatile disputes between competing groups and chiefs over land rights. Since the 1850s, the Crown, and its land purchasing efforts, had been a key factor in these disputes. So were claims by Europeans to land in the area arising from pre-1840 transactions, including by Reverend Charles Baker.

The Crown's efforts to buy land in Mangakahia – and sidestep the problems caused by multiple, contesting claimants to the land – were aided by the Native Land Court system. The Crown conducted pre-title land purchasing negotiations with a few individual Maori. The land was brought before the Court with title awarded to those individuals. The purchases were then speedily completed. We will look now at two important, neighbouring parts of Mangakahia where the Court issued ownership to a handful of individual Maori, despite the fact that many others traditionally (and had recently) claimed rights to the land. Moreover, the Court was informed – and could not but be aware – that if the land was indeed granted to the handful of applicants, it would be quickly purchased by the Crown.

Perhaps the clearest example of the nexus between Crown purchasing and Court decisions involved five blocks in Mangakahia. Collectively these blocks constituted nearly 80,000 acres and they were granted to a single individual – Kamariera Te Wharepapa – who then sold the land to the Crown in February 1876. This was the Crown's largest group of purchases from a single vendor in Te Raki and a major factor in the success of its purchasing programme.204 Despite their importance in the history of Te Raki, the Court’s title investigation hearings and the Crown's purchases are poorly documented. But the limited evidence does raise the possibility that, in at least one of these blocks, the Court tailored its title determination decision to facilitate the purchase of the land by the Crown.

204 Rigby, A56, p 4 99

In early 1873, John White attempted to acquire Mangakahia land on behalf of the Auckland Provincial Government. He focused initially on land that the Crown, and the Reverend Charles Baker, had long and unsuccessfully sought title over.205 This area, which apparently overlapped with what would become the Oue block was disputed by a bewildering number of chiefs and tribes. The most prominent rivalry, which led to war in 1862, was between the supporters of Matiu Te Aranui – including elements of Bay of Islands and Hokianga Nga Puhi – against the chiefs Te Tirarau Kukupa, Parore Te Awha, and their allies.206 In 1873, White paid 'Matiu' (perhaps Matiu Te Aranui) a deposit for the land. White then travelled with two Mangakahia Maori to Helensville to apply for a Court hearing and arrange a survey. White's efforts to have Matiu installed on the title and sell the land collapsed, apparently due to resistance from other right holders. Crown purchase agent Thomas McDonnell condemned White for 'conferring with two only, out of many influential chiefs, who are very much irritated in consequence’.207

Despite this criticism, the Crown abandoned neither its efforts nor it methods of acquiring the land. The Crown continued to pay advances and attempt to arrange for the title to be allocated to a small number of willing sellers. What changed was the personnel involved, and the extent of the land the Crown was seeking to acquire. White was replaced with more effective employees from the Native Land Purchase Department. On 27 June 1874, Brissenden made an advance payment of £125 to Paora Riwi and others.208 It is not clear what precise area was discussed, but this payment would eventually form the basis of the Crown's purchase of the Oue block including land claimed by Reverend Baker. The question confronting the Crown was how it could turn this legally void payment over a highly disputed and complex area into a binding acquisition. An answer to this dilemma, and more importantly still, a way for the Crown to acquire far larger parts of Mangakahia, soon revealed itself.

The Native Land Court granted much of the land surrounding Oue to a single person – and a willing seller – Kamariera Te Wharepapa. In May 1875, the Native Land Court

205 Daamen et al, H2, p 238 206 Thomas, Wai 674 H1, pp 170-203; Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 266-280 207 Daamen et al, H2, p 238 208 Berghan, A39(e), p 270 for payment; Rigby, A56, Appendix A, p 4 that Brissenden made the initial payment. 100 awarded the title to the Pekepekarau (5,220 acres) and Waerekahakaha (2,520 acres) blocks to Te Wharepapa. Around this time, he was also awarded sole ownership of two neighbouring blocks, Opouteke (42,000 acres) and Kairara (25,700 acres).209 It is not clear how the Court came to the conclusion that Te Wharepapa was the only Maori with interests in 78,440 acres of Mangakahia land. The little available evidence suggests these hearings were brief with no opponents to Te Wharepapa's claims present and little focus on customary rights. Instead, the minutes to the Waerekahakaha title determination succinctly note that all parties in the courtroom agreed that Te Wharepapa would be the only name on the memorial of ownership.210

These awards made Te Wharepapa a potentially vital ally to the Crown's purchasing programme. He was able – and willing – to singlehandedly sell these four large blocks to the Crown. He may, even before the hearings, have agreed to do so and received advance payments, although direct evidence regarding this has not been located.

Moreover, Crown purchase agent J W Preece wanted Te Wharepapa to also secure title over and sell Oue. It appears that Preece and Te Wharepapa approached Paora Riwi and others who had accepted pre-payments of £125 in 1874. From the limited evidence available it appears that they made an arrangement that Te Wharepapa would be the 'front man' or proxy for the Oue hearing and transaction. He would be named on the title and formally sell it to the Crown but would receive no money for this block. Paora Riwi and others had already in 1874 received the entire payment for the block of £125. The Crown would make no further payment but did set aside a reserve of 100 acres. It is not clear whom this reserve was allocated to.211

The Court acquiesced in this arrangement. On 1 February 1876, evidently at or near a Court hearing, Preece, on behalf of the Crown, purchased the Kairara, Opouteke, Pekepekerau and Waerekahakaha blocks from Te Wharepapa for a total of £6,607. The next day, Preece and Te Wharepapa appeared in front of the Court to arrange the title of

209 Rigby, A56, Appendix A, pp 1, 4, 8 for size of blocks. For date of hearings, see Berghan, A39(f), p 191; doc A39(h), p40 210 Berghan, A39(h), p 40. Note that Berghan provides no information on some of these blocks and their title hearings. 211 Rigby, A56, Appendix A, p 4, Appendix B; Berghan, A39(e), pp 268-270 101

Oue. Preece explained to the Court that this block had been subject to negotiations by Reverend Baker before 1840 but that the Crown now sought to acquire it and had recently made payments to extinguish ongoing Maori claims to the area. Preece produced invoices for the Crown's payments. He then explained that the agreement between the Crown and these claimants revolved around the Court appointing Te Wharepapa as the sole owner so he could then transfer the land to the Crown. Te Wharepapa then confirmed Preece's account.212 There is nothing to suggest that Te Wharepapa claimed to the Court that he held sole rights over Oue. On the contrary, it had long been clear to Crown officials that many different groups claimed rights in the area. Nor did the Court inquire into the long and complex history of this land. Rather, it agreed with the request of the soon-to-be buyer and seller, and named only Te Wharepapa on the memorial of ownership. He sold the block (3,968 acres) almost immediately to the Crown. The 100-acre reserve remained in Maori ownership until 1911.213

These Mangakahia blocks were a striking example of how the Court's processes were used to facilitate large-scale land sales. The Court's willingness to award land to a single owner or a few individual Maori, despite knowing others claimed rights to the land, was shown clearly in the Oue hearing. Indeed, it could be argued that the Court on this occasion ignored its responsibilities under the 1873 Native Land Act to grant title to all those with rights in the land. Instead, it acted as a knowing and willing partner in the Crown's purchasing arrangements.

212 Berghan, A39(e), p 269 213 Berghan, A39(e), pp 270, 278 102

Figure 10: Purua, Tangihua and other blocks in the Whangarei and Mangakahia sub-regions

2.6.3. Purua, Tangihua, Wairua, and other Blocks in Whangarei Interaction between the Crown's purchasing agents and the Court played a key role in the purchase of a number of other blocks in the Whangarei district. A succession of Crown land-purchasing agents used broadly similar tactics to the nearby Mangakahia purchases with advance payments to a handful of individual chiefs and controlled Court hearings to secure large areas of land. This led in June 1875 to the purchase of the Purua (15,410 acres) and Tangihua (15,600) blocks from Te Tirarau Kukupa and the adjoining Wairua block (27,800 acres) from Maihi Paraone Kawiti, the Ngati Hine chief.214

214 The Purua block was granted to and purchased from Te Tirarau and Maraea Te Waiata. Tangihua was from Te Tirarau alone and Wairua from Kawiti alone. 103

While the Crown acquired around 80,000 acres from Te Wharepapa alone, attempts to secure Tangihua, Purua, and nearby lands revolved around Te Tirarau and his relatives and allies, including his nephew Taurau and the Nga Puhi and Te Roroa leader Parore Te Awha. The Tangihua and Purua blocks are to the northeast and southeast of the Oue block discussed above.

Although Brissenden led the Crown's initial efforts to acquire what became the Tangihua and Purua blocks, Crown purchase agent H T Kemp was also involved from December 1873. After meeting with Tirarau, Taurau, and the surveyor D Wilson in 1874, Kemp reported that he had effectively completed the purchase of the Purua and Tangihua blocks. Around this time, Crown agents secured an agreement to buy the neighbouring Wairua block from Kawiti.215

On 5 November 1874, Kemp, on behalf of the Maori applicants, wrote to Chief Judge Fenton applying for a hearing into these three adjoining blocks. He explained that the Crown had concluded arrangements to buy their estimated 59,310 acres and now 'only waited for the Court's decision regarding the title to the blocks to complete the payments’.216

Little information is available about the Purua and Wairua title determinations but it is known that the hearing for Tangihua took place on 23 February 1875 in front of Judge Symonds at Whangarei. Many Maori were at this hearing, including some of the most influential chiefs in the district. However, some major claimants to the land were not personally present. Although, Tirarau's claim to rights over the block was opposed by a number of cross-claimants, the Court awarded title to him and Maraea Te Waiata.

The purchase of Tangihua was delayed – and thrust into doubt – when Kaipara chief Arama Karaka Haututu, Paraima, and others applied for a title rehearing.217 It was up to the Native Minister to recommend to the Governor in Council whether the rehearings

215 Berghan, A39(g), p 190 which shows that the application for the Wairua hearing was made by Kemp at the same time as Tangihua and Purua. Derby, A61, pp 30, 98 shows that this involved Kawiti. 216 Berghan, A39(g), p 190. This is Berghan's paraphrase of Kemp's letter to Fenton. 217 Berghan, A39(g) pp 190-191 104

should be granted.218 However, Crown purchasing agents were even involved in this crucial part of the tenurial/judicial process. Kemp, anxious to complete the purchase, warned Native Minister McLean that a rehearing would damage the standing of the court, especially as Tirarau had been present at the initial hearing while Arama Karaka and Paraima had only sent representatives. But Kemp also made it clear that a rehearing would damage the Crown's purchasing plans. He explained that Tirarau was the principal would-be seller of the block and argued that many Maori at the hearing had supported the Court's decision. He believed only a rehearing stood in the way of completing the transaction, especially given that Tirarau had arranged to give Arama Karaka and his group some of the proceeds. The Native Minister declined to recommend a rehearing. 219

The way was now clear for Crown purchase. On 22 and 23 June 1875, the Crown acquired Tangihua from Tirarau and Maraea, and Purua from Tirarau alone.220 A short time earlier, Kawiti had been granted title to and sold the nearby Wairua block to the Crown.221

The success of these tactics led to further Court hearings and Crown purchasing involving the same chiefs. Kawiti needed funds for his Supreme Court battle with a Pakeha entrepreneur over gum-digging at Aukumeroa. In 1876, Crown purchase agent Preece loaned him £200, which Kawiti would repay by selling the 3,045-acre Te Aukumeroa block to the Crown. Judge Monro duly granted Kawiti sole ownership of the block on 14 September 1876. Kawiti received over £380 for the sale and repaid his debt to the Crown.222

In 1874, Brissenden made a series of advance payments for the Kioreroa block in the Whangarei district including to Taurau, the nephew of Tirarau. It was then arranged that Tirarau and 'Wharepapa' (presumably Kamariera Te Wharepapa) would sell the

218 The Maori Land Legislation Manual, CFRT, updated 1995, section 58, Native Land Act 1873, p 76 219 Berghan, A39(g) pp 190-191 220 Rigby, A56, Appendix A, pp 5-6 221 Rigby, A56, Appendix A, p 8; Derby, A61, pp 30, 98 222 Derby, A61, pp 115-116; Berghan, A39(c), p 38; Rigby, A56, Appendix A, p 1 105

land to the Crown. On 20 September 1876, Judge Symonds at Whangarei granted the 3,891-acre block to these two. The next day, they sold it to the Crown.223

During this period, the key decisions about title rights often seemed to be made by purchasers and sellers, both before and during the Court’s title investigation hearings, with the Court merely formalising their agreements. In 1874 Brissenden made a series of advance payments to buy land near Motatau from a small group of Maori who had recently moved there with the permission of Maihi Paraone Kawiti. It would seem possible that this group had also been discussing a sale with a Waitangi storekeeper, perhaps to repay debts. On 19 April 1875, Kahi Te Hura told the Court that he had no ancestral claims to the Tokawhero block but he and others had acquired it from Kawiti in exchange for some horses. It would seem that the Court did not inquire in depth about the somewhat unusual basis of their claim. Instead, it adjourned to allow out-of- court discussions which seem to have included Brissenden and the storekeeper. It was decided to split the block into two, with one part to be sold to the Crown and the other to the storekeeper. The Court agreed to their requests to grant Tokawhero No. 1 (2,083 acres) to five claimants. It was then sold to the Crown. Tokawhero No. 2 (694 acres) was awarded to four individuals and the next day purchased by the storekeeper.224

On 20 November 1877, Judge Monro at Whangarei again gave effect to an out-of-court arrangement that led to a few individuals selling the land. He was informed by Eru Nehua that the Te Taheke block at Ngunguru was the subject of great dispute. However, Nehua stated that an arrangement had been reached that just two individuals, namely, Horomona Kaikou of Ngatitu and Hohepa Mahanga of Waiariki, who were apparently representatives of the disputing tribes, should be placed on the memorial of ownership. Presumably, Crown purchase agents had been involved in this arrangement. Monro duly awarded title to the two individuals, who sold the 3,810 acre block to the Crown the following day.225

223 Berghan, A39(c), p 374 224 Berghan, A39(g), pp 363-364 225 Rigby, A56, Appendix A, p 7; Berghan, A39(g), p 128 which provides a different date for the purchase. 106

2.6.4. Herd’s Point, Hokianga, June 1875 The hearing at Herd’s Point in Hokianga between 31 May and 24 June 1875 illustrate the importance of this interplay between Crown purchasing agents, a small number of Maori applicants (and land-sellers), and the Native Land Court.226 Attended by Brissenden and presided over by Judge Monro, the hearings saw a series of blocks awarded to a few individuals. Brissenden (with his assistant Nelson) had already made advance payments or entered into pre-hearing negotiations on a number of these blocks. During the course of the hearings, the Crown agents arranged to buy a number of other areas. In the days following the title awards, Brissenden, Nelson, and the awardees repeatedly returned to the Court to complete the transactions with Judge Monro serving as witness. Within a few days, the Crown had purchased 19 blocks containing 65,514 acres.

The titling and purchase of Pakanae No. 1 and Pakanae No. 3 that took place during these hearings has already been discussed. Omahuta No. 1 (1,722 acres) and No. 2 (6,048 acres) were also titled and purchased at this time. According to Judge Maning, the Omahuta block had long been contested by two tribal groups, including one led by Hone Mohi Tawhai. In 1874, Brissenden made a series of advance payments, including to Tawhai, which worsened the dispute. Given the volatile situation, Maning was reluctant to allow the block to be heard by the Court. Neither Judge Monro nor Crown purchase agent Brissenden showed the same caution.227

It would appear that Tawhai's opponents did not attend the hearing on 12 June 1875. Tawhai presented much of the evidence, which revolved around tribal rather than individual rights to the land. Although Tawhai and others stated that four related hapu held rights to the Omahuta block, Monro accepted Tawhai's suggestion that only four individuals, including himself, should be named on the memorial of ownership. The block was split into two, with Brissenden completing the purchases days later.228

226 For another example, see Harris, E32, pp 207-219 on the Unuhia (4,395 acres), Omataroa (3,220 acres) and Ohakiri (43 acres) blocks in the Whangaroa sub-region. The Crown made advance payments on these three blocks. They were then awarded in 1875 and 1876 to a single or a few owners, including recipients of the advance payments, before being quickly sold to the Crown. 227 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 691-692 228 Berghan, A39(e), pp 61-63; Rigby, A56, Appendix A, p 3 107

The Otangaroa blocks in Panguru, Hokianga (not to be confused with the blocks of the same name in Whangaroa) were also titled and purchased during this hearing. Brissenden had made advance payments in 1874 on these lands, including to Remi Te Tai (also known as Remi Tetai Papahia). On 17 June 1875, Remi told the Court that it had been arranged that Otangaroa should be split into four sections. After some brief evidence, the Court adjourned to allow further informal discussions. Presumably, Brissenden played a full part in these discussions. After a short break, Remi Te Tai returned with a list of owners. He told Court that Otangaroa No. 1 (1,257 acres) should be awarded to three people, Otangaroa No. 2 (3,284 acres) to eight, and Otangaroa No. 3 (4,876 acres) to Wiremu Te Tai and seven others. Wiremu Puriri, with corroboration from several witnesses, informed the Court that four different hapu held rights to Otangaroa No. 4 (3,296 acres) but that it was agreed he should be granted the land alone.229

Monro did not make any further investigation or show any obvious concern about granting to a few individuals land that he had been told belonged to many others. Rather, he issued the memorials of ownership as the applicants wished. The following day, Brissenden and the awardees were back in the Court to complete the purchase of all four parts of Otangaroa.230

Brief out-of-court discussions, not in-depth in-court investigations, were also the key to the titling and sale of Punakitere (7,557 acres). During these hearings, Judge Monro awarded this block to a single individual even though he was informed that tribes and other individuals claimed rights to the land. The Crown had made advance payments on this block, which Pehikura claimed on account of 'Ngatimoerewa'. He told the Court it should be awarded to he and 11 others, while Hori Karaka Tawiti argued that 'Ngatipakau', 'Ngatihua', and 'Mahurehure' also held rights to the land. Tawiti then successfully requested a half-hour adjournment, after which he told the Court that it had been arranged that he would be the sole name on the memorial of ownership. Judge Monro, after hearing some assent about this arrangement, duly awarded the land to

229 Acreages based on Rigby, A56, Appendix A, pp 3-4. Berghan, A39(e), pp 195-197 gives different figures. 230 Berghan, A39(e), p 197; Rigby, A56, Appendix A, pp 3-4 108

Tawiti. Tawiti was back in the Court 10 days later to receive payment and complete the sale to the Crown.231

Manganuiowae, another long-disputed piece of Hokianga land, was also quickly titled during this Court hearing with Crown purchase immediately following. According to Judge Maning, the land belonged 'to every native north of Auckland almost' and had been contested, sometimes violently, for many years.232 Maning was alarmed by Crown purchase negotiations and efforts to facilitate a Court hearing over the land in 1874. Instead, title determination took place at Herd's Point in front of Judge Monro on 23 June 1875. The hearing was a complex case involving different hapu claiming rights to the land. Monro ruled that four hapu held rights over the land and adjourned to allow discussions about who should be included on the memorial of ownership. It would seem that this is when Brissenden became involved. Although the claimants had initially decided to partition the land into four areas, apparently to utilise it themselves, Brissenden convinced them to sell the entire block to the Crown. After the adjournment, the claimants told the Court that they had decided to sell the land, and for ease of sale, one representative from each group should be named on the title. Those listed would receive the money and divide it among their wider groups. Monro agreed to issue title to the four nominees who, the next day, duly sold the block to the Crown.233

Brissenden had in 1874 made two advance payments regarding what would become the Kauaeoruruwahine block (9,287 acres) of Hokianga. However, it would seem that a different group appeared at Herd's Point to claim the land in front of Monro on 2 June 1875. After a disputed case, Monro ruled that the block should be divided into three sections to be owned by three different groups of individuals. Brissenden immediately secured agreement to buy all three blocks. To speed the purchase, he did not pay all the awardees, but just one representative of each group.234

231 Berghan, A39(f), pp 361-362; Rigby, A56, Appendix A, p 5. Around this time, other blocks in the Punakitere area were awarded to sole or a few owners and immediately sold to the Crown. For example, Brissenden made advance payments for Te Arawhatototara (2,019 acres) in 1874 to a group led by Pehikura. The Court hearing at Ohaeawai initially saw tribal dispute over the land but Judge Monro agreed to out-of-Court arrangements and on 7 April 1875 awarded it to Pehikura and one other. They sold the block to the Crown the following day. See Berghan, A39(c), pp 27-35. 232 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 692 233 Berghan, A39(d), pp 110-11; Rigby, A56, Appendix A, p 1 234 Berghan, A39(c), pp 332-333; Rigby, A56, Appendix A, p 1 109

During the course of this hearing at Herd's Point, the Crown acquired 64,514 acres. Not surprisingly, Brissenden was delighted with Judge Monro’s performance. A week after the hearings were completed, the Crown purchase agent reported to McLean about how well things had gone at Herd's Point and at other recent hearings at Ohaeawai and Mangonui. He noted that Monro had, without fail, awarded title to those who had received advances or whom the Crown wished to have placed on the title.235 In 'every instance', Monro had shown Brissenden 'the greatest consideration' and 'carefully and patiently investigated the numerous difficult and tedious cases brought before him. None failed to pass except for those for which the survey and maps were not completed'.236

Table 22: Blocks titled and then alienated at the Native Land Court at Herd’s Point, Hokianga in June 1875237

Block Name Date of judgement No. of awardees Date of purchase Acres purchased Deed No. Kauaeoruruwahine (Te) No. 1 1 June 1875 8 12 June 1875 4,320.0 AUC 790 Kauaeoruruwahine (Te) No. 2 1 June 1875 3 12 June 1875 2,650.0 AUC 791 Kauaeoruruwahine (Te) No. 3 1 June 1875 3 12 June 1875 1,980.0 AUC 792 Mangakino 1 June 1875 3 15 June 1875 752.0 AUC 823 Manganuiowae 23 June 1875 4 7 June 1875 5,646.0 AUC 962 Ngapuku 10 June 1875 2 18 June 1875 434.0 AUC 793 Okorihi 2 June 1875 5 15 June 1875 892.0 AUC 787 Omahuta 3 June 1875 4 12 June 1875 (No. 1) 1,722.0 AUC 814 Omahuta 3 June 1875 4 14 June 1875 (No. 2) 6,048.0 AUC 815 Otangaroa No. 1 17 June 1875 3 19 June 1875 1,257.0 AUC 794 Otangaroa No. 2 17 June 1875 8 19 June 1875 1,718.0 AUC 801 Otangaroa No. 3 17 June 1875 8 19 June 1875 4,876.0 AUC 795 Otangaroa No. 4 17 June 1875 1 19 June 1875 1,605.0 AUC 796 Pakanae No. 1 10 June 1875 1 18 June 1875 784.0 AUC 788 Pakanae No. 3 12 June 1875 10 18 June 1875 3,150.0 AUC 789 Pukehuia [ML 3216] 2 June 1875 18 15 June 1875 3,120.0 AUC 798 Punakitere 2 June 1875 1 12 June 1875 7,557.0 AUC 818 Takanga (Te) 31 May 1875 5 15 June 1875 1,750.0 AUC 884 Whataipu [ML 3279] 31 May 1875 1 12 June 1875 2,716.0 AUC 799 (Sources: Block names, date of titling, number of awardees: Berghan, SOPAC #1.2.3(c); Block size: Berghan and Native Land Court certificates of title. Details of Crown purchases: Rigby, A56).238

235 McBurney, A13, pp 702-703. This is my understanding of the comment made by Armstrong and Subasic. Paula Berghan, Block Research supporting papers vol 1, p 202 for confirmation. 236 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 703 237 Sources for this table: Block names, date of titling, number of awardees are based on Berghan's narratives, A39 and SOPAC #1.2.3(c); Block size are from Berghan's narratives and Native Land Court certificates of title. Details of Crown purchases: Rigby, A56. 238 There are some discrepancies between the original block size and the area purchased. Where possible, area purchased has been taken from the purchase deed itself. However, as Rigby notes, some of these are missing. In those cases the figure given by Rigby has been used. 110

2.6.5. Judge Maning's Protests Brissenden was not the only Crown purchase agent delighted with his interaction with the Native Land Court. Preece was similarly enthusiastic. He completed many of Brissenden's transactions in Hokianga and elsewhere after Brissenden was fired for misconduct. He reported in August 1875 that he had never 'experienced less difficulty' in completing land purchases. He had acquired lands scattered throughout 50 blocks and in all these cases the Court had only once declined to award title to an applicant who had received advances.239

The Court's facilitation of land alienation leads Armstrong and Subasic to raise the possibility that some judges colluded with Crown purchase officers. They quote Judge Maning's opinion that Monro was 'led by the nose ' by purchase agents and had: wittingly and deliberately ignored the rights of nine-tenths of the owners of almost every case he had to do with and left men at the mercy of a few Rangatira sharks and the consequence is that as the right owners have not signed the transfers or being named in the grants the Government have not got a single valid title in the North, it is fortunate the natives do not know it, but there will be a second Hawkes Bay affair, with the difference that the natives will be right. I warned Munro [sic] when he was here of the consequences of what he was doing but he kept on.240

Maning launched a sustained but ultimately unsuccessful protest against the Court's willingness in the north to issue title to a few individuals who had received advance payments and planned to sell the land to the Crown. The following account is based on the work of Armstrong and Subasic, who describe Maning as an enthusiastic supporter and facilitator of the Crown's land purchasing programme. Nonetheless, the judge was dismayed that the Court's authority and the requirements of the Native Land Act 1873 were being undermined by Crown purchase agents and Maori land-sellers dictating who should be named on the title. He believed numerous rightful owners were being dispossessed, and that this rushed and unjust title and land purchasing process would inevitably provoke Maori resistance.241

239 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 703 240 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 704. It would seem that this Maning statement dates from late 1875. 241 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 706 111

Judge Maning was long concerned with the tactics of Crown purchase agents in Te Raki and how this could affect the Court process. In June 1874, he reported that agents in the area were 'giving fist fulls of money to anyone who tells them he is an owner of a piece of land and have put the natives in a fine commotion thereby’.242 In August 1874, fearing that the Crown's careless use of advance payments would lead to disputes and chaos in the Court, he refused to authorise the surveys of the Omahuta and Manganuiowae blocks in Hokianga.243 In early 1875, he reported that he had received around 60 complaints from Maori about advance payments. Nonetheless, the payments were continuing and Maning believed that they would soon lead to a plethora of problematic Court hearings: the same complaints are coming in to me every day, natives from all quarters saying lands are bought without waiting till the owners are ascertained by the Court ... I see every prospect of a great deal of difficulty.244

In January 1875, Maning informed Native Minister McLean that he would 'not make the advance of Government money any consideration at all in any decision I may come to’.245 Armstrong and Subasic suggest that, in response, McLean and Chief Judge Fenton assigned a series of cases in Hokianga in which advances had been paid to the more pliable Judge Monro.246 Maning, as we have seen, was scathing over Monro's subsequent willingness to comply with the wishes of Maori sellers and Crown purchase agents.

At a hearing at Ahipara in October 1875, Maning clashed with Crown purchase agent Preece over Preece's attempts to influence the titling process to facilitate land sales. The direct cause of their dispute was the Orowhana block just to the north of the Te Raki inquiry district. Nonetheless, this clash is relevant to this report as it involves the same issues and people that were involved in Court hearings in Te Raki.

As has been shown, the Court was often requested and agreed to award title to a few individuals who, it was claimed, had been selected by a wider group of right holders.

242 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 690 243 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 691-692 244 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 693 245 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 708 246 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 706 112

These 'representatives' then commonly sold the land to the Crown. But during the Orowhana title determination, Judge Maning threw a spanner in the works. He was told by claimants, who had received advance payments and were planning to sell the block to the Crown, that there were 'very considerable numbers' of other owners but title should be restricted to just 10 owners, including themselves.247 Maning refused, insisting that he was obliged under the Native Land Act 1873 to list all the owners on the memorial of ownership. Crown purchase agent Preece and the claimants then argued with Maning, declaring that it was legal and common to name a small amount of owners in such cases. Preece urged the judge to name just 10 owners for Orowhana as this would 'facilitate the purchase of the land by the Government, as some of the other parties if named might decline to sell their shares, or require an exorbitant payment for them’.248

Maning, with the backing of district officer Webster, who was present in the Court, reiterated that the intention of the 1873 Native Land Act was: to put it out of the power of Native Chiefs or others to alienate the lands of the commoners of their tribes, or defraud them of the proceeds of the sales; things which have been reported to have been done very frequently of late.249

Backed by Preece, the claimants repeatedly refused the judge's demand that they put forward lists containing all those with rights to Orowhana. Maning therefore adjourned the hearing. He then threatened to resign, warning that '[i]nterference by [the] land purchase department before a claim is settled will surely lead to disaster'.250 As he explained, land purchase agents regularly pressed him to award lands to those they had identified and paid, and in so doing, dispossess ‘hundreds of owners of land and only recognise such persons as choose to sell it to them’.251 In this case, Preece and those who had received advances: say I can ignore the rights of any number of owners and name only the chiefs who wish to sell and who are in this way plundering the people [but] my reading of the law is that I cannot leave out any of the owners.252

247 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 708 248 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 709 249 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 709 250 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 708 251 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 710 252 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 708 113

The Crown's purchase agents were alarmed at any prospect that the Court would discontinue the practice of awarding title to selected land sellers. In November 1875, Preece set out his views in a letter to Native Minister McLean. He reiterated his position that naming a small number of owners who had been appointed in informal, voluntary arrangements was legal under section 46 of the 1873 Native Land Act. Moreover, it was a 'far better' and just policy for the Crown to conduct negotiations with a few representatives who could arrange the sale and distribute the money.253

It would seem that Maning, rather than Preece, was right about the law. In November 1875, the issue was submitted to the Solicitor General who confirmed Maning's opinion that section 46 did not allow the Court to recognise arrangements such as Orowhana and award land to a few 'representative' owners.254 Nonetheless, the practice continued and it led to numerous land sales in the area. Indeed, even Maning's specific battle over Orowhana was lost. In 1877, it along with the Epakauri and Tauroa blocks (all in the Muriwhenua inquiry district), came before the Court again. Maning had resigned by this point, and the case was heard by Judge Monro. The Crown had paid advances on all three blocks and the Court was well aware that large groups claimed and disputed rights to these lands. But, as one of the claimants informed the Court, an 'arrangement' had been reached among the disputants. The Court decided to recognise this arrangement. Only four names were placed on each memorial of ownership. These individuals then sold the three blocks to the Crown.255

Despite Maning's protests, the Court in Te Raki often made little effort to include all right holders in the title, especially when the land was sought by the Crown. Instead, it frequently awarded title to a few Maori who were in land negotiations with the Crown, and ignored the many others who possibly held interests to the land. In doing so, the

253 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 711-712 254 See Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 714 and The Maori Land Legislation Manual, CFRT, updated 1995, Section 46, Native Land Act 1873. Expert legal analysis of this issue might be useful. To my untrained eye, it would seem that the Solicitor-General believed that section 46 allowed the Court to formalise only voluntary arrangements between claimants and cross-claimants. It did not allow, or so a discussion on this issue by Armstrong and Subasic would seem to indicate, the Court to award title to an individual or individuals because they claimed that the wider community of owners had agreed to this. 255 Geiringer, Wai 45, F10, pp 89-90 114

Court played a vital role in facilitating the Crown's land-purchase programme in Te Raki.

2.7. Reserves and the Court's Protective Responsibilities Between 1875 and 1880, the Native Land Court presided over and encouraged land purchase in Te Raki. We now consider whether the Court at least provided some protection for Te Raki Maori against excessive or fraudulent land loss. Potentially, the Court could have played a significant role in this context. The Native Land Act 1873 reiterated and strengthened the Court's pre-existing responsibilities to ensure that Maori retained sufficient land for their immediate and future needs. The Act's preamble stated the importance: of assuring to the Natives without any doubt whatever a sufficiency of their land for their support and maintenance, as also for the purpose of establishing endowments for their permanent general benefit from out of such land.256

Under section 24 of the Act, the district officer was required to set aside 'a sufficient quantity of land in as many blocks as he shall deem necessary for the benefit of the Natives of the district.' The reserves were to be passed through the Court and rendered inalienable.257 The Court would then determine all the Maori who should have rights in the reserve and name them on the memorial of ownership before declaring the land inalienable except with the consent of the Governor in Council.

The reserves would be deemed insufficient if they did not represent a minimum of 50 acres for every man, woman, and child. It has been argued that the requirement of reserves of 50 acres per person was fundamentally flawed in that it was based on individual rather than communal needs.258 Moreover, Armstrong and Subasic suggest that this amount of land would have reduced Te Raki Maori to 'subsistence farmers' rather than equipped them to achieve development and equality.259

256 Geiringer, Wai 45, F10, p 105 257 Geiringer, Wai 45, F10, p 105; Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 772 258 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 769, 772; Waitangi Tribunal, He Maunga Rongo: Report on Central North Island Claims, stage 1, part 1, vol 2, p 631 259 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 769 115

These and other legitimate criticisms should not obscure the Act's protective potential. If generously and rigorously implemented, the Act would have certainly provided Te Raki Maori with more protection than they eventually received. The Act set no upper limit for the size of reserves, with the 50 acres per person proviso a minimum only. The requirement that the district officer should select the reserves 'with the concurrence of interested Natives' potentially opened the way for Maori input into the crucial question of the location and type of land to be reserved. Finally, the Act appeared to envisage communal or customary rather than individualised reserves. Although individual owners were to be named, the Court was instructed to set aside reserves that were to be held by Maori 'in accordance with Native custom and usage’.260

The Native Land Act 1873 therefore appeared to suggest something more valuable than a few areas excluded from land sales for the maintenance of the vendors. Rather, it seemed to require the creation of inalienable, customarily held, but legally recognised reserves for 'the benefit of the Natives of the district’. The Court was instructed to investigate and protect the interests of Te Raki Maori, and to recognise that Te Raki communities had a vital interest in maintaining a permanent and economically viable estate. The Act implicitly acknowledged that excessive land sales did not just affect those – typically a few individuals – who were named on a memorial of ownership and sold the land; they affected Te Raki Maori as a whole.

In practice, the reserve provisions of the 1873 Act appear to have been widely ignored in Te Raki during this period. Armstrong and Subasic comment that district officers and Native Land Court judges were 'notorious' for paying little attention to the reserve requirements under the legislation.261 During this research no evidence was found to suggest that in-depth inquiries into the reserve needs of Te Raki Maori were carried out. The issue seems to have been seldom raised during the title investigations of this period, even when the blocks in question were large and destined to be sold to the Crown.

260 The Maori Land Legislation Manual, CFRT, updated 1995, Native Land Act 1873, s 46, p 74; Williams, Te Kooti Tango Whenua, p 241 261 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 772, 774 116

Setting aside significant reserves, as apparently envisioned by the Native Land Act 1873, would have required much effort and investigation by officials both inside and outside the Court system. With the Court generally reluctant to interfere with or impede the Crown's land purchasing ambitions in Te Raki, no such effort was made.

This was despite the Court's awareness of the need for protective mechanisms to be put in place. In July 1876, Judge Maning wrote to Chief Judge Fenton that the 'present inclination of the natives in the Northern District is to divest themselves of every acre of land for which they can obtain money'.262 Land sales were progressing rapidly and district officers were not establishing the required reserves. Maning reported that, if protective steps were not soon taken, many Maori would become landless. He stated that more information was needed on the amount of land remaining in northern Maori ownership, but he doubted it was enough for reserves of 50 acres per head.263

Despite this warning, no significant steps were taken and land purchasing continued. Maning himself was generally hostile to measures designed to protect Maori from landlessness and, according to Armstrong and Subasic, believed that Maori should not possess significant amounts of land as it encouraged their indolence and profligacy.264 There is no evidence that he or other Court officials took a major role in investigating the need for reserves.

The available evidence suggests that no customary reserves as envisaged by the 1873 legislation were established in Te Raki, while only a very limited amount of land was excluded or reserved from Crown purchases after 1865. Rigby records 27 such areas created in purchases finalised between 1866 and 1900, collectively totalling just 5,578 acres. These reserves were less than 1 percent of the 588,707 acres of land that the Crown acquired in Te Raki during this period.265

The research for this inquiry provides little information on the legal status of these reserves or whether they proved to be a significant resource, economically and

262 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 773 263 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 772-774 264 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 772-774 265 Rigby, A56, p 2 117 otherwise, for local Maori. My assumption is that these reserves were lands owned by a few individual Maori, often including those who had been involved in the earlier sale of the parent block.

Even these areas were not safe from the Crown's purchasers. In 1876, the Crown acquired the Ngatahuna reserve of 882 acres in the Whangarei sub-region. It had been created after the Crown's purchase of the 26,810-acre Otonga No. 1 block. Three reserves were set aside during the Crown's 1875 purchase of the 2,716-acre Whataipu block in Hokianga. The Crown acquired two of these reserves in 1877: the 417-acre Te Karu reserve and the 171-acre Waimahutahuta reserve.266 In 1880, the Crown purchased almost all of the Maroparea reserve (250 acres) created out of the Punakitere purchase in the Hokianga sub-region.267

2.8. Alienation Restrictions, and Protections against Fraudulent Transactions Alienation restrictions were also ineffective in protecting Maori land in Te Raki during this period. Blocks titled under the Native Land Act 1873 were automatically restricted from all alienation except for a lease of no longer than 21 years. But, as David Williams writes, this provision was 'easily circumvented'.268 Section 49 of the same Act allowed land to be sold if all the owners agreed. As seen above, this unanimity was easy to achieve in Te Raki where the Court routinely issued title to a single owner or a few individual Maori who had already received advance payments and were planning to sell the block. Moreover, if the owners did not unanimously agree to sell, the Court could apportion the block into subdivisions representing the interests of those 'desirous to sell' and 'dissentients'.269 There was less cause to use this provision to sub-divide in Te Raki.

266 Rigby, A56, Appendix A and Appendix B. Note that a two-acre wahi tapu was excluded from the purchase of the Waimahutahuta. 267 Rigby, A56, Appendix A, p 2 268 Williams, Te Kooti Tango Whenua, p 168. See section 48 of this Act. 269 Williams, Te Kooti Tango Whenua, p 168 118

The Otangaroa block on the southern part of the Whangaroa Harbour (which should not be confused with the block of the same name in Hokianga) was an example of how partitions were used to overcome alienation restrictions. Alexandra Horsley writes that the Crown had made advance payments on this block that drew it into the Court system. But the Court awarded the block to more owners (34) than common during this period. While the Crown abandoned its purchasing efforts, timber merchant George Holdship did not. After unsuccessful efforts to lease the whole block, he entered into an arrangement to buy the interests of 17 of the owners. These owners went to the Court in 1877 and had the block subdivided into two partitions of 3,439 acres each. Otangaroa No. 1 was allocated to 17 opponents of the sale and Otangaroa No. 2 (3,439 acres) was allocated to the 17 prospective sellers. Holdship completed the purchase of Otangaroa No. 2 in the following year.270

The mechanisms designed to protect Maori against alienations of questionable probity also failed to stem the tide of purchasing during this period. The Native Land Frauds Prevention Act 1870 appointed trust commissioners to protect Maori against sales characterised by 'frauds and abuse' and to ensure that Maori vendors had sufficient lands for their support. They were to invalidate any transaction that was 'contrary to equity and good conscience', contravened any trusts, or had been paid through liquor or arms. The commissioners were to investigate every transaction involving Maori land and to endorse or disallow every deed of sale. 271

On the face of it, the trust commissioner could have been highly active in Te Raki investigating the many transactions that took place with little transparency or documentation. As discussed, there were suggestions that Crown purchase agents during the Pakanae purchase used dubious practices such as 'treating' or indebting Maori to encourage sales.272 There were also allegations, denied by Crown purchase agent Preece, that land in the area was paid for with orders from publicans and storekeepers.273

270 Horsley, A57, pp 56, 60, 65-66, 88-90 271 Maori Land Legislation, CFRT, updated 1995, p 62, Williams, Te Kooti Tango Whenua, p 213 272 Clarkson, A58, p 54 273 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 703-704 119

However, Williams has argued that that the legislation covering trust commissioners was largely 'window-dressing' and that the commissioners, rather than acting 'in a thoroughgoing, conscientious manner', endorsed transactions as a matter of course after few inquiries. 274 Armstrong and Subasic argue that this was the case in Te Raki. T M Haultain, the trust commissioner for the Auckland District (including Te Raki), endorsed almost all transactions, except for a few that were in breach of alienation restrictions.275

The Court was also instructed, under the 1873 Native Land Act, to inquire into the probity of land purchases from Maori. It was to ascertain that the owners wished to sell the land, that transactions were in good faith, that the sale transfer was signed by all owners, and to explain the effect of sale to all the owners. There are only sporadic references to the Court carrying out these duties and nothing to suggest that it carried out in-depth inquiries or posed any significant challenges to the finalisation of Crown purchases. There are occasional minute book references to the Crown 'confirming' a transaction but no suggestion of what was entailed in this confirmation.276

Overall, the Court system seems to have done little to protect Te Raki Maori against excessive alienation during this period. Its responsibility to provide Maori with sufficient reserves, its ability to prohibit or restrict land purchases, and its duties to investigate and protect Maori against inequitable transactions were seemingly overwhelmed by the tidal wave of Crown purchasing.

The failure of the Crown’s protective responsibilities is shown most obviously by the amount of land purchased between 1875 and 1880. These few years, more than any other period, laid the foundations for Maori landlessness and shortage of land throughout Te Raki. The Court facilitated rather than protected Maori against this level of land loss.

274 Williams, Te Kooti Tango Whenua, p 213 275 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 771-772 276 For example, Berghan, A39(d), p 111 120

3. Chapter Three: The Native Land Court Entrenched and Resisted, 1881–1889 3.1. Introduction This chapter covers the rise of Maori resistance to the Native Land Court in the 1880s. Te Raki Maori, who had long complained about specific aspects of the Court process, were by this time opposed to the Court as a whole and wanted it abolished. This was a reaction to the large-scale Court hearings and unprecedented levels of land loss of the mid and late 1870s. Local communities had lost much of their traditional tribal estate while their economic strength and future had been fundamentally compromised. The Court was widely considered to be a major factor in these disastrous developments.

During the 1880s, resistance to the Court took many forms, including political protest and the use of alternative, Maori-controlled committees and runanga to adjudicate on land issues. A Rohe Potae of customary land was established around Motatau in which Court hearings and land sales were prohibited. This resistance – and a decline in Crown purchasing – led to a sharp decline in the amount of Maori land that was brought before the Court for title determination.

Nonetheless, by the 1880s, the Court was an entrenched feature of Maori life in the district and even its staunchest opponents were unable to avoid the institution altogether. It remained the only way in which local Maori could gain legal title over their land. Court hearings were easy for individuals to facilitate and dangerous for others to avoid as non-participation was to risk dispossession. Protracted hearings during this period saddled applicants and cross-claimants with large costs and debts that contributed to further land alienations. Moreover, the Court was increasingly sub- dividing and fragmenting the diminished amount of land that remained in Maori ownership. In short, the Crown's tenurial system continued to have a far-reaching and multi-faceted impact on Maori life and land in Te Raki.

3.2. The Native Land Court Slowly Entrenched By 1881, when this chapter begins, the Crown's tenurial system had largely triumphed in Te Raki. The peak years of title determinations were over. Almost 70 percent of the

121

customary Maori land that remained in 1865 (excluding the land for which the date of title determination is not known) had already passed through the Court and been allocated to individual owners. Much of this land, as we have seen, had been purchased by the Crown.

In the following years, the Court's influence in Te Raki was entrenched. Title determinations continued throughout the rest of the nineteenth century albeit at a diminished rate. Court titling increased somewhat during the early twentieth century but this was a mopping up of hitherto isolated or previously resistant areas, and was not comparable to the rapid progress of the Court during its initial 15 years in Te Raki.

A key cause of this slowdown, apart from the fact that there was comparatively little land left outside of the Court system, was the end of the Crown's great purchasing drive of the mid-1870s. With so much land already acquired (much of it unoccupied and unutilised by the Crown) there was little new purchasing in Te Raki in the 1880s. This was part of a nationwide decline in Crown purchasing, caused in part by the economic downswing.277 There were a few Crown purchases in Te Raki during this decade but these were mainly the completion of transactions that began in the 1870s, most notably involving the Pakiri and Puhipuhi blocks.

Table 23: Number of known blocks and acres titled compared with the number of known acres purchased by the Crown, Te Raki inquiry district, 1881–1889

Year No. of blocks titled Acres titled No. of purchases Acres purchased 1881 1 1,450.0 2 19,532.0 1882 19 18,207.3 3 1,193.0 1883 14 6,686.0 6 21,781.0 1884 1885 22 11,820.7 1 8,945.0 1886 5 7,220.0 1887 6 2,796.5 1888 2 4.0 1889 8 13,951.9 1 282.0 Total 75 62,132.4 15 51,737.0 (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C)

277 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 67; Donald M. Loveridge, 'The Development of Crown Policy on the Purchase of Maori Lands, 1865-1910: A Preliminary Survey', Crown Law, October 2004 , Crown Law, 2004, Wai 1200, A77, pp 126-128 122

Graph 26: Comparison of the number of known acres titled and the number of known acres purchased by the Crown, Te Raki inquiry district, 1881–1889

40,000.0

35,000.0 Acres titled Acres purchased

30,000.0

25,000.0

20,000.0

15,000.0

10,000.0 Acres titled/purchased

5,000.0

0.0 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 Year of purchase deed

The decline in Crown purchasing during the 1880s, particularly after 1883 – and the increasing resistance of Maori to the Court – slowed down, but did not completely halt, title determinations in Te Raki. Maori still sought title in order to sell land to either the Crown or to private purchasers. Sometimes, the opposite motivation was at work, with Te Raki Maori seeking legal ownership over land so that it could be protected from sale. The scramble for title that was so powerful in the mid-1870s continued on, to some extent at least, into the 1880s. Disputes between tribes, leaders, and individuals over land continued to result in title determinations. Even determined opponents of the Court – of which there were increasing numbers during this period – could not completely escape its clutches. The Court's monopoly powers over the legal determination of land rights, and the ease in which the titling process could be facilitated, meant that it remained in the 1880s a vital presence in Te Raki Maori life. The first 15 years of the Court in Te Raki had severely weakened collective, customary title over land. Despite significant Maori resistance, the Native Land Court was in Te Raki to stay.

123

Table 24: Number of known blocks and acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1880–1889 period, Te Raki inquiry district

Time period No. blocks titled % of blocks Acres titled % of known acres 1865-1874 469 49.2% 325,200.2 39.1% 1875-1880 202 21.2% 255,860.3 30.7% 1881-1889 75 7.9% 62,132.4 7.5% 1890-1899 61 6.4% 41,427.3 5.0% 1900-1920 116 12.2% 146,191.7 17.6% After 1920 31 3.2% 1,673.1 0.2% Total 954 100.0% 832,485.1 100.0% (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C) Excludes 104 block (103,269.2 acres) where date of titling is unknown

Graph 27: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1880– 1889 period, Te Raki inquiry district

350,000.0 325,200.2

300,000.0 255,860.3 250,000.0

200,000.0 146,191.7 150,000.0 Acres titled

100,000.0 62,132.4 41,427.3 50,000.0 1,673.1 0.0 1865-1874 1875-1880 1881-1889 1890-1899 1900-1920 After 1920 Time period

Between 1881 and 1889, title was issued to an estimated 62,132 acres of Maori land in Te Raki. Excluding land for which the date of title determination is not known, this represents 7.5 percent of all Maori-owned land that remained in 1865. It meant that just 22.7 percent of Maori-owned land in 1865 remained under customary tenure in 1890.

The number of new title hearings also slowed but did not cease. Between 1881 and 1889, the Native Land Court created 75 new blocks with individual owners. This too was a noticeable drop from the period between 1865 and 1874 when the Court established 469 new blocks, and the period between 1875 and 1880, when over 200 title determinations were completed.

124

Table 25: Number of known blocks and acres titled 1881–1889 by size range, Te Raki inquiry district

Block size range (acres) No. of blocks titled No. of acres titled 100 or less 31 1,068.0 101-200 9 1,270.9 201-300 5 1,368.7 301-400 1 303.5 401-500 1 444.1 500 or less 47 4,455.2 501-1,000 7 5,835.5 1,001-2,000 8 11,136.8 2,001-3,000 2 5,026.0 3,001-4,000 4,001-5,000 3 13,764.0 More than 5,000 3 21,915.0 Unknown 5 Total 75 62,132.4 (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C)

Graph 28: Number of known blocks titled by the Native Land Court in the 1881– 1889 period by size range, Te Raki inquiry district

50 47

20 No. of blocks titled 10 7 8 5 2 3 3 0 500 or less 501-1,000 1,001-2,000 2,001-3,000 3,001-4,000 4,001-5,000 More than Unknown 5,000 Size range (acres)

125

Graph 29: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1881– 1889 period by size range, Te Raki inquiry district

25,000.0 21,915.0

20,000.0

15,000.0 13,764.0 11,136.8 10,000.0

5,835.5 5,026.0 No. of blocks titled 4,455.2 5,000.0

0.0 500 or less 501-1,000 1,001-2,000 2,001-3,000 3,001-4,000 4,001-5,000 More than 5,000 Size range (acres)

As with previous periods, most of the blocks created were small but much of the land was grouped together in a few large blocks. Of the 75 new blocks created during between 1881 and 1889, 31 blocks were less than 100 acres and 47 blocks were 500 acres or less. But only 1,068 acres of land was in blocks of 100 acres or less and just 4,455 acres was in blocks of 500 acres or less. On the other hand, the three new blocks of over 5,000 acres that were titled during this period collectively contained 21,915 acres.

Table 26: Number of known blocks and acres titled in the Te Raki inquiry district and in each sub-region, 1881–1889

Sub-region No. blocks titled Acres titled % known acres Bay of Islands 21 9,726.6 15.7% Hokianga 23 21,413.4 34.5% Mahurangi 1 6,960.0 11.2% Whangarei 27 14,785.8 23.8% Whangaroa 3 9,246.7 14.9% Te Raki 75 62,132.4 100.0% (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C)

126

Graph 30: Number of known blocks titled by the Native Land Court in the 1881– 1889 period in the Te Raki inquiry district and in each sub-region

Mahurangi 1

Whangaroa 3

Bay of Islands 21 regions - Hokianga 23 Sub

Whangarei 27

Te Raki 75

0 20 40 60 80 100 No. blocks titled

Graph 31: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1881– 1889 period in the Te Raki inquiry district and in each sub-region

100,000.0 90,000.0 80,000.0

70,000.0 62,132.4 60,000.0 50,000.0 40,000.0

Acres titled 30,000.0 21,413.4 20,000.0 14,785.8 9,726.6 9,246.7 10,000.0 6,960.0 0.0 Te Raki Hokianga Whangarei Bay of Whangaroa Mahurangi Islands Sub-regions

The Court system was gradually entrenched throughout Te Raki in the 1880s albeit with some minor regional variations. Relative to the other sub-regions, Hokianga was the site of considerable Court activity during this period. An estimated 21,413 acres of Hokianga

127

land – the most of any sub-region during this period – came under the Court system, with 23 new blocks created. By the end of 1889, the Court system had made major inroads in Hokianga with 75.0 percent of all the known Native Land Court blocks in this sub-region titled.

Whangarei, the largest sub-region, had also been transformed by the Court system. By 1889, 82.3 percent of customary land had been legally titled. In the 1880s, the Court created 27 new blocks in this sub-region, incorporating 14,759 acres of land. Although this was a significant amount of land, it represented a huge drop in the amount of Court activity in the Whangarei district compared with earlier periods.

Of the three large sub-regions, the Court's progress was slowest in the Bay of Islands. From 1881 to 1889, just 9,726 acres of Bay of Islands land, grouped in 20 new blocks, came under the Court system of title. This meant that by the beginning of 1890, 72.5 percent of known customary land in 1865 had gone before the Court. This comparatively slow rate of titling was, at least in part, the result of Maori resistance to the Court in the area. As shall be discussed, Maihi Paraone Kawiti had established a Rohe Potae that banned Court activity in a sizeable area in the inland Bay of Islands and Whangarei area.

Despite anti-Court activities in Whangaroa, title determinations continued to eat away at the little amount of customary Maori land. From 1881 to 1889, there were just three new title determinations in this sub-region but they covered 9,246 acres. Legal title had now been issued to an estimated 73.0 percent of the Whangaroa customary land that remained in 1865.

In 1886, the protracted title determination for Hauturu – Little Barrier Island – (6,960 acres) was completed. This extinguished the last substantial portion of customary title in the Mahurangi and Gulf Islands sub-region.

128

Table 27: Number of known acres titled/remaining to be titled by the end of 1889, Te Raki inquiry district and sub-regions

Sub-region Acres titled % acres titled Acres yet to be titled % acres yet to be titled Bay of Islands 104,182.7 62.9% 61,426.5 37.1% Hokianga 135,648.4 75.0% 45,229.6 25.0% Mahurangi 48,754.5 95.4% 2,327.3 4.6% Whangarei 288,763.4 82.3% 61,909.1 17.7% Whangaroa 49,691.9 73.0% 18,399.6 27.0% Te Raki 643,193.0 77.3% 189,292.1 22.7% (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C) NB: Excludes 13 blocks (16,152.0 acres) where sub-region is not known NB: No. acres yet to be titled for Te Raki inquiry district calculated by subtracting acres titled by the end of 1889 from total acres in Te Raki (832,485.1 acres) when date of title determination known

Graph 32: Proportion of known acres titled/remaining to be titled by the end of 1889, Te Raki inquiry district and sub-regions

% acres titled % acres yet to be titled

100.0% 4.6% 90.0% 17.7% 22.7% 25.0% 27.0% 80.0% 37.1%

70.0%

60.0%

50.0% 95.4% 40.0% 82.3% 77.3% 75.0% 73.0% 30.0% 62.9%

20.0%

10.0% Proportion of acres titled/yet to be titled be to titled/yet acres of Proportion 0.0% Mahurangi Whangarei Te Raki Hokianga Whangaroa Bay of Islands Sub-regions

3.3. The Court and Private Purchasing during the 1880s The scale of Native Land Court hearings declined considerably in Te Raki in the 1880s as Maori resistance to the Court grew and the Crown's interest in land purchasing diminished. Nevertheless, the Court continued to be inextricably linked to Maori land loss. Sales, both to the Crown and to private purchasers, remained a key reason for – and a major result of – Maori interaction with the Court.

129

In many ways, the Court's involvement with the land sale process was essentially unchanged. Although far less land was going through the Court – and being sold – than during the frantic period of the mid-1870s, the title investigation process did not become more obviously careful or protective. For those blocks in which sale loomed and open opposition was absent, it would seem that title determinations remained brief and perfunctory. Even after a partial (but largely unenforced) ban on advance payments, at least some land purchases continued to be arranged before title had been issued, with the Court quickly awarding land to a single or few applicants who completed the sale even when it was explicitly told that many others held rights in the land.278 In other cases, Maori seem to have gained title and then immediately looked for, or were approached by, purchasers.

The 1,314–acre Kahakaharoa block in the Whangarei district was an example of a block titled and quickly sold during this period. On 3 February 1882, Haki Whangawhanga told Judge Symonds that the land belonged to Ngati Hau and that 'a great number of names' should be placed on the certificate. However, for unstated reasons – perhaps because he had been approached by purchasers – Whangawhanga decided that it would be better that he and just one other individual should be awarded the block. The Court concurred. Shortly afterwards, it was reported that they were in negotiations to sell the block, which was purchased by the Union Steam Saw Moving Sash and Door Company Ltd.279

Just before this hearing Haki Whangawhanga and Eru Nehua had arranged to lease land to the Ngunguru Coal Company. Once again, the Court was willing to award them land despite it being clear that they were acting as representatives for Ngati Hau and that many others had potential interest in the land. Nehua told the Court in February 1882 that Ngati Hau ran horses and pigs on the 1,190-acre Whakapae block and that Ngati Hau and Waiariki dug gum on it. As David Armstrong puts it, it was obvious that others held rights in the land. But upon Nehua’s request, the Court awarded the 594-acre

278 In 1883, it became a criminal offence to negotiate with Maori over land purchases until 40 days after title was ascertained. However, the law was rarely enforced for private purchasers while the Crown was exempt from this law altogether. Williams, Te Kooti Tango Whenua, Appendix 4 279 David Armstrong, ‘ P1, p 31. It seems that Whangawhanga requested the Court to award the title to himself and one other although the evidence is not explicit about this. Ngāti Hau gap filing research’, Wai 1040, 130

Whakapae No. 1 block to himself and Whangawhanga. They then formally leased it to the coal company.280 In February 1882, Nehua appeared again in front of the Court to state that it 'had been arranged' that he should gain sole title over the 19-acre Rotomate block. He subsequently sold the block to a private purchaser.281

In this and other ways, the titling process for 'sale' blocks was reminiscent of equivalent hearings in earlier periods. Often, only a few applicants appeared before the Court, with limited or no presence from counter-claimants. As with earlier periods, it is not clear what caused the relative lack of any debate or dispute among Maori during some title determinations. As shown, it is clear that pre-hearing arrangements and selections of representative owners continued to be carried out. But, it is also likely that, in some cases, potential right holders were absent from the hearings and apparently uninvolved in pre-hearing agreements. And, as shown in the cases discussed below, the Court usually did not closely consider the rights of those absent from the courtroom or award them title.

Long and complex communal disputes over rights to land and resources continued to be a feature of Maori life in Te Raki, but this was not always obvious in the way that the Court decided on title.282 In many cases, after considering what appears to have been a limited amount of evidence, the Court confirmed title to the main applicants, who shortly afterwards sold the land. There was sometimes implicit or explicit evidence that the applicants were claiming on behalf of wider groups and, as we have mentioned, it would seem that there continued to be plenty of out-of-court title arrangements among applicants, their supporters, and possibly purchasers. Despite this, the Court was generally willing, especially if no opposition was voiced during the hearings, to award absolute title to a single or a small group of applicants.

What did change during this period, apart from the amount of land being sold, was who was buying it. With the decline of Crown purchasing, its agents exerted a less overt presence in the Court process. As we shall see, the Crown was involved in the title

280 Armstrong, P1, pp 31-32 281 Armstrong, P1, p 37 282 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1036 131

determination processes for Hauturu and Pakanae, which it was in the process of purchasing, raising possible questions regarding the Court's independence. But aside from these cases the Crown was largely uninterested in buying the land that was titled in Te Raki during the 1880s.

More commonly, Maori went to the Court in order to facilitate sales and leases to private purchasers. No clear evidence has been sighted on how much land titled in this period was sold or leased to Pakeha individuals and businesses.283 Nonetheless, the following examples suggest it was a significant reason why Maori in Te Raki used the Court in the 1880s.

On 6 February 1882, Hepi Moanariki and 7 others were awarded title to the 610-acre Maungarei block in the Whangarei district. The following year, they sold it to a European for £400.284 On 7 November 1883, the Court issued title to the 266-acre Poroti block. From 1884, the local European entrepreneur Samuel Rawnsley and his family members began to purchase most of this block.285 In 1888, Rawnsley's dealings in nearby Poroti lands would provoke fatal conflict between local tribes.286

In the mid and late 1880s, Europeans were drawn to the prospect of silver and gold in the Puhipuhi region. While much of this region had already gone through the Court and been purchased by the Crown, one significant area was still up for grabs. On 13 November 1885, Hiraina Paraka and one other were awarded the 1,195-acre Taumatahinau block. Shortly afterwards, they sold it to a Whangarei miner.287

Another example of the ongoing, and sometimes complex, involvement of land sales in the Court process involved the 233-acre Te Hape block in the Whangarei district. There is only limited and unclear evidence regarding this hearing but my understanding is that the Court's eventual award revolved around a pre-title land sale between local Maori

283 The SOPAC data calculated that 16,141 acres was purchased by private buyers in Te Raki between 1875 and 1884, with a further 2,010.2 acres alienated in this way between 1885 and 1894 (Wai 1840, #1.3.2(c)) 284 Berghan, A39(d), p 248 285 Berghan, A39 (f), pp 251-252 286 Alexander, A7, p 136 287 Berghan, A39(g), pp 277-278; Derby, A61, p 229 132

and a Pakeha purchaser. The Court was initially unaware of this transaction and was poised to award the land to the main applicant. On 3 February 1882, Renata Manihera and others claimed the block and provided a list of owners. Manihera did not mention any land sale. Before Judge Symonds could award the land to those on this list, Resident Magistrate James Clendon came forward. He gave evidence that a European had arranged to buy the block. It is not clear whether Manihera was involved in and supported this pre-title transaction. However, another local Maori, named Puketawa, was certainly involved. He told the Court that he and 'the entire hapu' had agreed to the transaction and that £100 had been received and spent on food, shelter, and the 'scraping of the bones of Tatau’.288 Puketawa was seemingly citing this informal transaction as evidence of his, and his hapu's rights to the blocks, but he also told the Court that he supported and wanted to formalise this sale.

This may well have been a pressing factor in the Court's award. Despite hearing that Puketawa’s entire hapu held rights to the land, it issued title to just a few individuals. But which individuals would be granted the land and how would this affect the deal with the European? Manihera did not want to complete the deal, at least not over the whole of the block. He apparently argued that the block should be divided into two, with some going to the European and some being awarded to himself and the others on his list. Puketawa disagreed, evidently suggesting that the whole block should be awarded to Maori who were willing to transfer it to the European. As Puketawa requested, the Court decided not to split the block. Instead, it awarded it to just three individuals, including Puketawa, as well as Manihera, possibly so that they could legally complete the sale.289

The indebtedness of Te Raki Maori was an important element in the connection between the Court and land sales during this period. Existing debt led Te Raki Maori to seek Court hearings so that they could obtain a legal, transferable title and sell land to Europeans and to the Crown. But in other cases, the Court process led to debts that

288 Berghan, A39(c), pp 86-87 289 Berghan, A39(c), pp 86-87. It should be emphasised that this is my extrapolation from a brief and difficult-to-understand piece of evidence. 133 could only be paid through sales. In some cases, such as Otaniwha, both factors were in play.

It would seem that the initial push for the Otaniwha title determination was that Eru Pakere needed money, which could only be achieved through land sales, to pay the debts of one of his people who had been involved in a Supreme Court case. He consequently applied for title over the Otaniwha block (1,206 acres) in the Whangarei district. But the Court process was in itself costly. His survey costs and court fees were paid for by a 'European friend', quite possibly the prospective purchaser of the land. Pakere was awarded sole title to the land on 30 January 1885. Shortly afterwards, he and his 'European friend', who may well have been providing the money, were in Auckland 'to pay the debts of my people'. While there, he sent a letter to the Chief Judge of the Native Land Court warning that many blocks were under pressure from 'certain Pakeha-Maoris who go about robbing people who have land’. A little later, in 1887, the sale of Otaniwha was completed.290

Many Maori in Te Raki were in debt to storekeepers and this seems to have been the cause of a number of hearing and sales. We have seen allegations that Crown purchase agents in the 1870s routinely encouraged Maori to fall into a debt to storekeepers that would be paid off through sale. In 1891, a Pakeha observer stated that there was a long history in Hokianga and elsewhere in the region of Court hearings taking place in and around stores and public houses. The credit extended to Maori at these times was often paid for with land.291

Debt and the need for development money for other lands drew even Maihi Paraone Kawiti, a key opponent of Court hearings and land sales in the area, into the process. On 12 February 1885, he appeared in the Court at Waimate to claim the Honohere block (just over 127 acres) for himself and three others. After Judge Puckey awarded them title, the block was sold to a Kawakawa storekeeper for £140.292

290 Berghan, A39(e), pp 207-208 291 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1187 292 Berghan, A39(c), p 158 134

Similarly, Wiremu Te Parahi had previously sought to avoid the Court and to use a non- Government sanctioned Maori committee to adjudicate on his claims to land around Mangatawai, near Kaikohe. However, the rulings of the Committee of the Treaty of Waitangi (Te Komiti o Te Titiri o Waitangi) had no legal status and on 3 April 1882, Te Parahi was in Court to claim the Mangatawai block (609 acres). The Court awarded the block to Te Parahi alone, which he then sold to an Ohaeawai storekeeper for £220.293

3.3.1. Surveying Costs Survey costs remained a major part of the court process during this period and a significant threat to Te Raki Maori land. There is no systematic evidence on the cost of title surveys in Te Raki inquiry district as a whole. However, there is evidence that the need to pay for surveys in order to gain title affected the hapu, iwi, and leaders of Te Raki in a variety of ways.

For instance, a 'European friend' paid the survey and court fees incurred by Eru Pakere while gaining title over the Otaniwha block. Pakere, it would seem, then sold the block to his creditor. Eru Nehua personally paid £302 for the survey of the Puhipuhi block. He too later sold many of his interests in this block, with repayment of his survey costs part of the arrangement.294

This practice had been common in the mid 1870s when many surveys in Te Raki were paid for as part of the Crown purchase of the block. But non-selling Maori in Te Raki had no easy way to pay survey costs. Often, they were unable to, complicating and delaying the titling process. For example, the 1880 hearing into the Te Pupuke block near the Whangaroa Harbour was adjourned because the surveyor W W Clarke had not been paid and had refused to hand the plans over to the Court. This may have been one of the reasons why the applicants Hare Hongi Hika and Paora Ururoa tried to remove the land from the Court system and have a non-Crown sanctioned native committee rule on the title. 295

293 Berghan, A39(d), pp 124-125 294 Derby, A61, p 181 295 Horsley, A57, pp 71-72 135

In April 1885, the Native Land Court ordered that the Papakauri block (1,012 acres) in the Bay of Islands be divided into two, and each piece be awarded to more than 100 owners. However, none of the owners could guarantee payment of the necessary surveys and so certificate of title was not issued until 1887. It would seem that the Crown advanced the money for the survey, which then became a lien on the land. The owners, individually and collectively, proved unable to pay. On a number of occasions, owners approached the Crown and suggested it buy their rights to the land so as to wipe out their personal survey debt. The Crown declined, not wanting to obtain the shares of just a few of the owners. But the issue of the unpaid survey costs continued to threaten Maori ownership of Papakauri. The Crown decided that purchase was the best and only way to recover the unpaid survey debt. It began attempts to buy the shares of all the owners, offering 2 shilling per acre less the survey liens.296

Te Raki Maori faced other court-related costs. While the costs of attending hearings, if held nearby and brief in length, were comparatively modest, the expense of distant and drawn-out sittings was considerable. Indeed, as the case studies below of Hauturu and Puhipuhi suggest, battles for title could bring massive debt and lead to land sales.

3.4. The Court and Crown purchasing As the examples and statistics above show, the Crown purchasing of Maori land in Te Raki slowed during the 1880s but did not cease. The Court played a multi-faceted role in these purchases. Most obviously, it awarded alienable title to a small group of individuals including, in the case of the Puhipuhi block, individuals who had accepted advance payments from the Crown. It placed alienation restrictions on only small parts of the land and did not, it would appear, inquire closely into whether those Maori with connections to the land retained sufficient areas elsewhere.

This was reminiscent of the Court's role in the many Crown purchases of the mid-1870s. What was different in the 1880s was that the Court had a far more protracted involvement in the lands. In the mid-1870s, the Court quickly rubber-stamped title for

296 Berghan, A39(f), pp 108-113 136

many blocks, which were then immediately sold to the Crown. The Court’s direct influence over these lands – and their sale – was significant but short-lived.

The Court's involvement in two key Crown purchases of the 1880s – the Puhipuhi block in the Whangarei sub-region and Hauturu in the Mahurangi and Gulf Islands sub-region – was anything but fleeting. For more than a decade, Maori were mired in the Court system as they sought title over these lands. The Court's involvement in Puhipuhi and Hauturu was not restricted to the time periods used for this report. Title determination began in the mid-1870s but was not completed until the mid-1880s. Long and repeated hearings led to considerable expenses and debt for Te Raki hapu and leaders, worsened disputes between the claimants, and exposed them to the attention of Crown purchasers. On occasion, Court officials seemed to encourage and assist Crown purchase, raising questions about the independence of the Court. Moreover, the debts and expenses incurred by Maori during this period would appear to have contributed to most of Puhipuhi being sold almost immediately after title was finally issued, and to the drawn-out, highly problematic acquisition by the Crown of Hauturu at the end of the 1890s.

3.4.1. Hauturu (Little Barrier Island) Ralph Johnson details the protracted Court involvement in Hauturu. The many years of title hearings led to disputes, uncertainty and expense for Maori, which, in combination with the nature of the title it issued, facilitated unwanted land loss. By the early 1870s, the offshore island of Hauturu (estimated at 6,960 acres) was one of the few pieces of land owned by Maori in the Mahurangi and Gulf Islands district. The island was not a purchasing priority for the Crown at this time. As a result, the Court was not called on to quickly issue title so that the land could be purchased. Instead, local communities were exposed to a confrontational, protracted, expensive, and somewhat chaotic process.

The first hurdle for local Maori seeking to have the Court confirm their title to Hauturu was the requirement to carry out a survey prior to the Court hearing. Unless a survey was to be paid for through sale, it could be prohibitively expensive, as well as being unreliable. In the mid-1870s, Ngati Wai-aligned Maori, including Rahui Te Kiri and her

137 husband Tenetahi, repeatedly sought a Court hearing but were frustrated by their inability to secure a survey.

A raft of other claimants also applied for title, and in May 1878, the first of many court cases involving Hauturu opened in Helensville. The case was adjourned when Judge Rogan ruled that the survey evidence presented was inadequate under the law.297 By 1880, one of the groups seeking title to Hauturu had sponsored a survey. This, as the Court process had allowed and encouraged, was a survey carried out without the permission or even awareness of all those claiming rights to the land, including the Ngati Wai-aligned group of applicants led by Rahui Te Kiri.298

The second hearing into Hauturu was held at Awaroa in Kaipara in July 1880. Rahui Te Kiri's people were largely absent from the hearing, believing that it too would have to be abandoned due to the lack of survey. Their sole representative at the Court, Tenetahi, was alarmed and surprised when the Court decided to go ahead with the hearing. He requested an adjournment so that his wife and their supporters could take a full part. When Judge Rogan refused, Tenetahi declined to give evidence and the hearing took place without any input from Ngati Wai. After two days of hearings, Rogan awarded ownership to a group of 18 individuals, including the chiefs Te Hemara Tauhia, Paora Tuhaere, and Arama Karaka Haututu, who were associated with descendants of the ancestor Maki. The memorial of ownership identified most of the owners as belonging to various, mainly Ngati Whatua-connected, hapu.299

Ngati Wai, led by Rahui Te Kiri, then successfully applied for a rehearing on the basis that their absence, and subsequent omission from title, was due to a lack of awareness that a survey had been completed and that the hearing would proceed. The third hearing into Hauturu, this time at Helensville, also failed to conclude the title process. It opened on 7 May 1881 but was adjourned until 10 May. Four days of evidence was then

297 Johnson, E8, p 4 298 Johnson, E8, p 6. It is my presumption, after reading Johnson's account, that a survey was carried out before the July 1880 hearing. However, the evidence on this is somewhat confusing and an alternative possibility, which E8, pp 8-9 seems to infer, is that the Court decided to allow the hearing to go ahead even though the only survey available was the non-land-based plan it rejected as inadequate in May 1878. 299 Johnson, E8, p 5. One of the owners was identified as belonging to Ngati Ruru of Ngati Maru, another as belonging to Te Urikaraka of Nga Puhi. 138 heard before Chief Judge Fenton ruled that the land should be awarded to Ngati Wai- aligned claimants. However, Native Assessor Te Wiremu Te Awaitaia disagreed, arguing in favour of those he identified as belonging to Kawerau.300

This split necessitated a second rehearing which took place in Auckland from 4 to 8 June 1881 in front of Judges Monro and O'Brien. Johnson suggests that, by this time, the winner-take-all court process and its preference for strict, exclusive tribal identifications rather than multiple and overlapping affiliations was leading to increasing polarisation between the claimants. While earlier evidence had emphasised the links between the many different hapu that were seeking rights, claimants in this hearing tended to identify themselves as either Ngati Wai or Kawerau, and downplay the relationships and overlaps between the two. Certainly, the Court's decision in this hearing revolved around a binary understanding. Judges Monro and O'Brien declared that it was exceedingly clear that Ngati Wai should be awarded the land. Of course, this did not mean that the tribe would receive collective title. Instead, the land was awarded to a group of five Ngati Wai-affiliated individuals.301

Despite appearances, the struggle for title over Hauturu was far from over. The Court had proved that its title investigation and determination was manifestly unable to solve the disputes among the parties claiming the land. Instead, divisions and dissatisfaction had grown. But, with no alternative binding form of title resolution available, Maori could only continue and deepen their involvement with the Court regarding Hauturu. Those applicants excluded from title, who were often but not exclusively identified as belonging to Te Kawerau and/or Ngati Whatua, demanded that matters be reopened. Te Hemara Tauhia and 32 others petitioned Parliament, claiming that the assessor in the last hearing had been bribed. They refused to recognise the decision, warning that 'they will hold the land, and there will be fighting.'302

Moreover, a new and ultimately crucial complication in the title dispute over Hauturu had emerged. Encouraged by the Court, Crown officials were considering purchasing

300 Johnson, E8, pp 7-8 301 Johnson, E8, pp 8-9 302 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 868 139

Hauturu. During the Russian scare of the early 1880s, the island was considered to be potentially useful for defence purposes.303 Responding to the advice of Chief Judge Fenton, D A Tole, the Commissioner of Crown Lands, attended the 1880 and 1881 hearings. Tole informed the Court that Hauturu was 'an important military position', and successfully requested that it be made inalienable except to the Crown.304

The Crown then started negotiations to acquire the island, including dealing with Ngati Whatua leaders. This, not surprisingly, alarmed the Ngati Wai-aligned legal owners of the block. Some responded by offering to sell their rights to the Crown.305

However, Native Minister John Bryce wanted more certainty over title before any purchase was completed. The Crown therefore set off yet another round of the Native Land Court process. It rejected calls for a Native Committee rather than the Native Land Court to determine title to Hauturu. Although the Court process had been legally exhausted after the two rehearings, the Crown passed legislation voiding the Court's decisions, reverting Hauturu to customary land and instructing the Court to reinvestigate the title.

The fifth round of Native Land Court hearings took place in front of Judge Edward Williams in Auckland from 1 to 15 February 1884. The length of the Court’s hearings, the distance claimants had to travel and lawyers' fees were all increasing. Detailed whakapapa evidence was presented but there was also considerable discussion about earlier and current land purchasing negotiations. To many Maori with interests in Hauturu, sale now seemed the best way out of the quandary over title, as Paratene Te Manu told the Court: 'I wish to let the Crown get the land and then the title will be absolutely at rest.'306

During these hearings, Williams was in close contact with Native Minister Bryce. The evidence suggests that they worked together to advance the Crown's interests and its purchase of the block. With a decision pending, the Chief Judge telegraphed Bryce

303 Johnson, E8, pp 23-24 304 Johnson, E8, pp 6, 9 305 Johnson, E8, p 11 306 Johnson, E8, p14 140

asking if the Government was still interested in Hauturu. He warned the Native Minister that private purchasers were interested and that action was needed if the Crown was to secure control over the island: I learn that Crown at one time wanted to acquire Island for defence purposes if desire continues perhaps matter should be seen to as persons are after it.307

Bryce replied that the Government was indeed interested in the land and instructed the Court to rigorously protect the Crown's interests, including through alienation restrictions that prevented Maori from dealing with anyone over the land except the Crown. Chief Judge Williams instructed Bryce on how the Crown could achieve this. On 14 February, just before the final decision was announced, Williams adjourned the hearing to meet urgently with the Native Minister. Johnson argues that the 'extraordinary conduct on the part of the Chief Judge appears to have compromised the integrity of [the] Native Land Court system.'308

The end result of the 1884 hearings was that the Court stated that the land belonged to those associated with Te Kawerau and awarded it to 18 individuals, including Te Hemara Tauhia, Paora Tuhaere and Arama Karaka Haututu. The Crown began negotiations to buy the land from them before the Native Minister again called for caution. With Ngati Wai demanding another rehearing, Bryce warned that the Crown should not try to conclude a purchase until there was certainty over the title.

When the Court refused to grant a rehearing, the Crown again intervened. Further legislation was passed requiring the Court to make its sixth title hearings regarding Hauturu. These hearings, in Auckland from 5 to 18 October 1886, took place under the shadow of the Crown purchasers who had entered into various negotiations to acquire the land and had even made a down payment on the block. The Court ruled in favour of Ngati Wai with 14 individuals named on the memorial of ownership including Rahui Te Kiri, Tenetahi and their son and daughter.309

307 Johnson, E8, p 14 308 Johnson, E8, p 14 309 Johnson, E8, pp 15-17 141

Led by Rahui Te Kiri and Tenetahi, these owners strengthened efforts to utilise the land. They established livestock on the island, which grew to a flock of 1,000 sheep and 30 head of cattle, as well as pigs, turkeys, and potato and kumara cultivation.310 In an attempt to recoup his expenses from the Native Land Court hearings, Tenetahi entered into arrangements with European traders for the extraction of the island's kauri. It was apparently agreed by the other owners that the proceeds from this would go to Tenetahi alone.311

The whanau's efforts to develop the island were helped by the Crown turning its attention away from it. With an end to the Russian scare and the colony locked in an economic depression, there was a brief hiatus in Crown efforts to acquire Hauturu. However, when the Crown's purchasing agents returned in the early 1890s, the successful applicants were debt-ridden and vulnerable from the long court process. Tenetahi had personally covered many of the expenses incurred by Ngati Wai during the hearings. He would later estimate that his expenses came to more than £1,000: It will be easy to understand that in travelling, attending courts, providing food and lodging for myself and people in Auckland and Helensville, I incurred great expense. My lawyers' bills alone amount to quite 500 pounds, and I reckon that a thousand pounds would not cover my total outlay one way or another ... 312

The debt of the Ngati Wai awardees to lawyers was threatening their hold on the land. These lawyers were encouraging the Crown to buy the land so that they could be paid and had begun negotiations. The Native Land Court's relationship with Crown purchasing in Te Raki created a number of potential and perceived conflicts of interest. An example is the various roles played by F D Fenton in this case. Fenton as Chief Judge of the Court presided over the May 1881 rehearing into Hauturu where he ruled in favour of Ngati Wai-affiliated applicants. He also, during those hearings, encouraged the Crown to become involved in the title case.313 By October 1886, he had left the bench and was representing the Ngati Wai applicants as their lawyer during the Hauturu hearings of 1886. This alarmed the Ngati Whatua-Te Kawerau claimants, with Paora

310 Johnson, E8, pp 32-33, 48, 56 311 Johnson, E8, p 29 312 Johnson, E8, p 55 313 Johnson, E8, p 6 142

Tuhaere unsuccessfully calling for the Court to prevent Fenton's involvement in the hearing. Whether Fenton was able to use his ties with the Court or not is unclear but he credited himself with 'rescuing the island from Paul [Tuhaere] and his friends'.314 By 1892, Fenton was calling on the Crown to acquire the block and pay him £100 out of the purchase price so that he could recoup his fees.315

It should also be noted in this context that another of Ngati Wai's legal representatives was J A Tole. Te Kawerau applicants unsuccessfully objected to his involvement in the May 1881 hearings due to his relationship with D A Tole, the Commissioner of Lands, who was also present at the Court and seeking to secure Crown interest over the land.316 J A Tole would continue to represent Ngati Wai applicants and would play a prominent role in encouraging the Crown to purchase the land.317

The Court process contributed in other ways to the eventual alienation of Hauturu. In June 1881, the Court declared the block inalienable except to the Crown. The Government further protected its monopoly on acquiring the island by gazetting in July 1881 that it had entered into negotiations to buy the block, therefore making it illegal for private individuals to lease or purchase the land. This significantly reduced Maori options for utilising the land except by developing it themselves (with all the capital costs and potential debt involved) or by selling it to the Crown. In October 1892, the Crown reissued this proclamation as part of a successful attempt to disrupt Tenetahi's partnership with a European timber merchant and therefore his ability to recoup the money he had spent during the title hearings.318

The nature of Court title further encouraged sale. The undivided, undefined rights to Hauturu made it difficult for most of the owners to gain economic benefit from the island. They were not restricted from selling to the Crown and impoverished owners, especially those not residing on the island, soon sought to sell their shares to the Crown. In July 1888, Henare Te Moananui urged the Crown to take his share in the land in

314 Johnson, E8, p 36 315 Johnson, E8, pp 35-36 316 Johnson, E8, p 6 317 Johnson, E8, p 26 318 Johnson, E8, pp 9-10, 37. See Johnson for more in-depth discussion over the complicated legal issues surrounding this. 143

exchange for food. The sale offer of another owner, Rapata Ngatiwai, was motivated by the need to repay £10 in Court fees incurred during another case. Hone Paama sought to 'give' his interests in Hauturu to the Government in exchange for land elsewhere. He indicated that a number of other owners were willing to do the same.319

The Crown's interest in Hauturu was now driven by the desire to conserve its natural resources. It was determined that no Maori presence whatsoever would be tolerated on the island. Offers by owners to transfer part of the block to the Crown in exchange for reserves were rejected.320

The Crown sought to take advantage of Tenetahi's Court-related debt to acquire the entire island. In 1891, Tenetahi and two other owners signed an agreement to sell Hauturu to the Crown, contingent on Tenetahi securing the consent of all the owners to the sale. Under this arrangement, Tenetahi would receive the entire purchase price of £3,000 which he would distribute to the respective owners. Tenetahi was attracted to this arrangement because he believed that he would first be entitled to withdraw his expenses incurred during the Court hearing before dividing the rest among the other owners. The arrangement soon fell apart with no agreement from the owners. Tenetahi withdrew his consent to the sale and redoubled his whanau's efforts to find a way to pay his debts and gain financial benefit from the island without selling the land to the Crown.321

The Court system would play a major role in the Crown's eventual acquisition of the block. Two owners applied to the Court for apportionment of their relative interests. It would seem that other owners, including those resident of the island, were not involved in this. Nonetheless, the Court divided the ownership of the entire block into equal shares. This did not give the owners their own piece of Hauturu to utilise. To achieve this, owners would have needed to apply to the Court for a partition of the block so that they could receive a portion of land that represented their shares. Instead, the Court's award allowed the Crown to purchase piecemeal the shares of some of the owners

319 Johnson, E8, pp 24-25 320 Johnson, E8, p 23-24 321 Johnson, E8, pp 27-28 144 before attempting to force non-sellers off Hauturu. The Crown gradually collected signatures and made payments for interests through 1892 and 1893. However, Tenetahi, Rahui Te Kiri and their whanau were steadfast in both their opposition to sale and their determination to continue to reside on the island.322

The Government rejected attempts at compromise and decided to eject the family from the island. Johnson analyses the Little Barrier Island Purchase Act 1894 which established the legislative grounds for the compulsory acquisition of the non-sellers’ shares in Hauturu. For our discussion, the critical point is that the Court was involved in the forcible acquisition of Hauturu. The Crown applied for the Court to determine the amount of shares held by the owners who refused to sell. Despite protests by the non- sellers, the Court carried out this role. Based on these share determinations, the Crown then allocated compensation to the non-sellers and declared that their rights to the land had been compulsorily acquired.323

Tenetahi, Rahui and their whanau continued to resist. They refused to collect the money allocated to them and continued to reside on the land. They were forcibly removed from the island in 1895. The Government deducted the costs of their forcible eviction from the value of Tenetahi's share held by the Public Trustee. Tenetahi was subsequently imprisoned when he tried to return.324 Government promises to compensate Tenetahi for his legal costs incurred during the Native Land Court hearings were never honoured.325

3.4.2. Puhipuhi The Court process was also a significant factor in the alienation of the approximately 25,000-acre Puhipuhi block. Mark Derby's report details the Court's protracted, contradictory and confused attempts to determine title for this block, located 25 kilometres north of Whangarei and 20 kilometres southeast of Kawakawa.

322 Johnson, E8, pp 34-43 323 Johnson, E8, p 48 324 Johnson, E8, p 57 325 Johnson, E8, pp 61-62 145

As discussed in chapter one, by 1871, representatives of Ngati Hau, led by Eru Nehua, were seeking title over Puhipuhi. They intended to sell the land to the Crown except for the southern part around Taharoa which would be owned and developed by Nehua and his people. This plan met strong opposition from other groups, including Ngati Hine led by Maihi Paraone Kawiti, and Ngati Wai and its associated iwi/hapu Ngati Te Ra and Ngati Manu, represented by Hoterene Tawatawa.

The Court was unable to mediate a satisfactory agreement between these groups. Instead, its hearings in 1873 and 1875 deepened the confrontation and confusion surrounding the block. In 1873, Judge Maning apparently suggested that Ngati Hau representatives including Nehua would be awarded 14,000 acres of Puhipuhi, with 6,000 acres awarded to Kawiti and Ngati Hine and the remaining 5,000 awarded to applicants from Ngati Wai and others led by Tawatawa. But Maning then seemed to backtrack, denying he had made this suggestion and, instead, advocating that the block should be equally split between the three groups. A subsequent suggestion by Maning that each group should be allocated some shares in the portion allocated to their rivals only added to the uncertainty.326 The Court failed to make any binding title determination.327

Actions by Crown purchasing agents further complicated title determination for Puhipuhi. In November 1878, Charles Nelson made advance payments to Tawatawa and Nehua.328 These payments deepened Maori beliefs that the Court's determinations were part of the land purchase process rather than independent of it. Kawiti seems to have viewed the advance payments as giving his rivals a potentially crucial advantage in the battle for title. He feared, not unreasonably given what was happening elsewhere in Te Raki, that the Court would favour Tawatawa and Nehua given that they were negotiating and ready to sell the land to the Crown and had already been recognised by its agents as holding rights to the land. Other Maori with interests in Puhipuhi shared this belief. Kawiti refused to be excluded and accepted a Crown advance payment.329

326 Derby, A61, pp 73-84, especially pp 79, 84 327 Derby, A61, pp 75-79 328 Derby, A61, p 121 329 Derby, A61, pp 123-127 146

In 1880 and 1881, both the recipients and those excluded from advance payments repeatedly sought title hearings for Puhipuhi. Maori were desperately scrambling for title so that they could benefit from and exercise some control over the land transactions over Puhipuhi that appeared inevitable. In April 1882 at Kawakawa, Judge John Symonds presided over the third Native Land Court investigation into Puhipuhi. Evidence was heard over a full eight days. The Court's independence from the land purchasing process was further blurred by the dual role played during these hearings by John Greenway, a Court official and interpreter 'with privileged access to the judge', who was also acting as a Crown purchasing agent.330

This Court rejected Kawiti and Ngati Hine's rights to Puhipuhi. Judge Symonds awarded 9,000 acres of the southern part to the block to Nehua and Ngati Hau. Disappointed with this, they refused to provide a list of names and received no certificate of title. Ngati Wai and their whanaunga Ngati Manu and Ngati Te Ra were, on the other hand, delighted to be awarded the bulk of the block, 16,000 acres. They provided a list of 36 names for the certificate of title, but left out Tawatawa, apparently because they did not want to be bound by his earlier acceptance of an advance payment and his agreement to sell the land to the Crown. The exclusion of Tawatawa threatened the Crown's purchasing plans. After contact between the registrar of the Court and the Crown, Tawatawa was added to the title. Derby argues that this appears to have been 'a clearcut instance of a Crown intervention to ensure that Court title determination reflected the payment of the Crown's advances'.331

Greenway then attempted to complete the purchase but his efforts were complicated by Maori protests and demands, including by Nehua and Kawiti, for a rehearing. The ill- feeling was only heightened when the Crown refused a combined attempt by all three disputing parties to return the advance payments and repudiate any commitment to sell the land. In June 1882, there was an armed showdown between Ngati Hau, who felt aggrieved by the Court's title ruling, and the Ngati Wai, Ngati Manu, and Ngati Te Ra grantees.332

330 Derby A61, p 152 331 Derby A61, p 154 332 Derby A61, p 155-159 147

This may have prompted Chief Judge Fenton to allow a rehearing into this case, which took place at Kawakawa in May 1883 under judges Loughlin O'Brien and Major William Mair. Hipirini Te Whetu was the Native Assessor. Before the rehearing, Native Land Purchase Under-Secretary R Gill instructed Greenway to use his influence at the Court to advance the Crown's purchasing interest. Gill instructed him to guard the interests of the Government and ensure that those who had received advance payments were, if the land was awarded to their hapu, included on the title. Gill provided Greenway with a list with details of those who should be included and the amount of money they had previously received. Derby writes that Greenway was playing a 'conflicted' role: as a supposedly impartial officer of the court, and also as an agent expected to 'watch the interests' of the Crown, which was determined to purchase Puhipuhi. It also suggests that by paying advances to individuals or groups ... [Crown purchase] agents were, in effect, shaping who was ultimately included in ownership lists, once title was awarded. In combination, these issues raise serious doubts about the independence of the court process.333

The rehearing was lengthy, lasting from 10 to 26 May 1883. During the hearing, the claimants complained to the Court about the fees they were incurring,334 Undoubtedly, a greater cost still was the involvement of lawyers, with J M Fraser representing Ngati Hine during the rehearing. The role of debt in these hearings and the consequent sale of most of Puhipuhi is discussed elsewhere. After what it described as 'a most difficult case', the Court awarded 20,000 acres to Eru Nehua and his Ngati Hau claimants. Kawiti and Ngati Hine received 3,000 acres (Puhipuhi 2) and individuals connected with Ngati Wai, Ngati Manu, and Ngati Te Ra received 2,000 acres (Puhipuhi 3).335

As Derby points out, the Court had once again come to a radically different conclusion regarding rights to Puhipuhi. But by 1883, the claimants had 'evidently grown thoroughly tired' of a dispute and a Court process 'that had dragged on for more than a decade'.336 Despite complaints by those excluded from the title, the three groups of awardees quickly moved to sell their interests and pay off their debts.337 The only areas

333 Derby, A61, pp 162-163 334 Derby, A61, p pp 164-165 335 Derby, A61, pp 167 (for quote), 168-173 336 Derby, A61, p 173 337 Derby, A61, pp 178-188 148

maintained were a 200-acre reserve in the main sale area by Ngati Hau and about 5,510 acres (Puhipuhi 4 and 5) that was awarded to Eru Nehua's whanau and associates and restricted from alienation.338 Below, we discuss Nehua's efforts to utilise and develop these remaining parts of Puhipuhi. But, overall, the case of Puhipuhi suggests that, even in the 1880s, the Court process remained entwined with Crown purchasing.

3.5. Fragmentation and Partition While the Court continued in the 1880s to play a role in Maori land loss in Te Raki, its processes also impacted on the ability of Maori to utilise and benefit from the areas that remained in their ownership. This report has concentrated hitherto on the fact that the Court awarded most Te Raki blocks to a single or a few individuals and how this contributed to land loss and dispossession. However, another dynamic was increasingly important from the 1880s onwards. The Court awarded a sizeable minority of blocks in Te Raki to large numbers of individual owners. These owners possessed undefined, undivided shares and were mired in a netherworld without either effective collective or individual control over the land.

These blocks were often too small to economically support the many owners and their dependents. Title overcrowding worsened due to the Court's succession policy. The interests of intestate owners were inherited equally by all their children, leading to increasing numbers of owners holding minuscule interests in blocks.339 The increasing fragmentation of title only entrenched Maori involvement in the Court. Over time, owners repeatedly returned to the Court to define and subdivide their interests into what they hoped was a more manageable, effective form of title. This was rarely successful. The shares of the owners were usually too small, and the Court process too expensive and confused, to create viable individual plots. Indeed, relatively few individual subdivisions were created. Rather more common was the creation of many subdivisions too small to be economically viable, owned by multiple individual owners. It is worth pondering why the Court chose to award some blocks to many individual owners and others to just a handful. The striking disparity did not come from the

338 Derby, A61, p 178 339 Alan Ward, National Overview, 3 vols., Waitangi Tribunal Rangahaua Whanui Series (Wellington: GP Publications, 1997), vol 1, p 68; Geiringer, Wai 45, F10, pp 92-93 149

Court's understanding of customary tenure. There is nothing to suggest that judges believed that a particular piece of land was traditionally under the sole control of a single chief while a nearby area had many different interest-holders from a wide variety of groups.

Instead, there would seem to be two major and inter-related reasons why a block would be awarded to many rather than just a few Maori in Te Raki. The first was that the applicants requested it. Blocks awarded to large numbers were often areas that local Maori were determined to keep rather than sell. One example is the 20-acre Huiarau block. The site of the important Raupekapeka pa, it was awarded to 42 Maori in 1882.340 While single owners or a few owners were often installed on the title to ease alienation, many owners were seen as a way to prevent it. Moreover, Te Raki Maori had lost so much of their land by this point that competition for legal title over the remaining areas was especially potent. Rights to even small areas of land could be crucial for an increasingly landless people.

More directly, land was awarded to many different owners when the Court was confronted with dispute and opposing claimants. As we have seen, Court cases in Te Raki were often tightly controlled affairs with little discussion about the complexities of customary title, particularly when the Crown was already arranging the purchase of the land. It was common in these cases for a small number of applicants to come to the Court and claim rights to all the land. This encouraged the Court, whose policy was to consider only the evidence presented to it, to make awards that failed to reflect the reality that many other Maori traditionally held rights in the land.

But matters were different if a number of counterclaimants came forward to the Court to oppose the applicants and, most crucially, the different parties gathered at the Court could not reach informal agreement among themselves about who should be awarded the title. These hearings tended to be longer, with debate and dispute among the claimants and considerable discussion on communal, traditional rights and whakapapa. In these contested cases, the Court would usually rule which tribal or ancestral group or

340 Armstrong, P1, p 34 150 groups (it was often more than one) held rights over the block. Representatives from these groups would then produce lists of individual owners for the Court's approval. These ownership lists were sometimes extensive.

Ironically, these more tribal and collective battles to gain and maintain title and ownership lists that, at least to some degree, acknowledged that many Maori traditionally held rights to land, encouraged the individualisation and loss of land. Over time, blocks awarded to many individuals were usually subdivided and fragmented with Europeans and, especially in the 1890s, the Crown purchasing the shares of the owners and gradually acquiring substantial areas.

The Court's issuing of title to a few individuals contributed to massive land loss in Te Raki. However, land awarded to a large amount of individuals also brought Te Raki Maori few benefits. Either way, Court title was associated in Te Raki with the destruction of Maori control over their land.

151

Figure 11: The Whirinaki Block

3.5.1. Whirinaki The approximately 2,360-acre Whirinaki block in southern Hokianga is an example of how Court awards to large numbers of individual owners led to partitions and eventually to land loss. The block came before the Court on 11 November 1885 with

152

Hapakuku Moetara leading the claimants' case. There was considerable opposition to their claim, with 43 separate counter-claimants present at the hearings. The claimants eventually accepted some of these counter-claimants into their application while others argued their case in front of the Court. After a day's adjournment, a full fortnight of evidence was heard.341

The Court ruled that the land would be awarded to those individuals descended from two ancestors, Karewa and Tuteauru, who could show they had exercised ownership rights in the block. Two leading claimants, Hapakuku Moetara and Karora Makarena were asked to prepare the lists of owners. Their lists included 190 and 168 individuals respectively. The lists provoked protests in Court from some of those excluded, with allegations that they were the result of corruption and payoffs as much as customary connections. As a result of the protests, further names were admitted to the list. Whirinaki was awarded to at least 413 individuals.342 The block was clearly too small to economically support so many owners. If the block was divided equally, each individual would have received 5.71 acres. In reality, of course, the individual owners at this stage held no defined, distinct portion of land.

It would appear that the many owners of Whirinaki were unable to gain much economic benefit from their title. In 1894, partitioning began. Once started, it proved hard to stop as Whirinaki was subdivided into ever diminishing fragments, each with a new official appellation, and owned by a small group of individuals. For example, in 1912, the Court created the subdivision of Whirinaki 4E2A and awarded it to 4 owners. Its size was 8 acres, 2 roods and 8 perches.343

From this point onwards, many of the Whirinaki subdivisions were sold or leased to Europeans. Presumably, those that remained offered their owners few economic opportunities. According to Paula Berghan, most of Whirinaki is no longer in Maori

341 Berghan, A39(h), pp 377-379 342 Berghan, A39(h), p 380 343 Berghan, A39(h), p 383 153 ownership. The small amount that remains Maori land is split into at least 75 subdivisions, some as small as 2 roods.344

Figure 12: The Punakitere Block

344 Berghan, A39(h), pp 390-392 154

3.5.2. Punakitere No.2 Punakitere No. 2, a 4,767-acre block in the Hokianga sub-region, is another example of how land awarded to large numbers of individual owners impeded economic utilisation and led, after many years of futility and frustration, to fragmentation, subdivisions and land loss. The following discussion is based on Berghan's block history and an initial draft of Tony Walzl's upcoming report.

According to Walzl, closely connected hapu had long occupied this land. In 1876, Maori sought title over the block, apparently as part of disputes over the control of kauri gum and timber arrangements with Europeans. The Court system deepened these disputes and led to conflict over the survey and application process.345

The title hearing, which opened at Ohaeawai on 20 October 1876, revolved around the claims of Ngati Ue on the one hand and Ngati Tuatahi and Ngatitu on the other. Both sides claimed the entire block and did not recognise the rights of the other. After several days of evidence, Judge Monro ruled in favour of both groupings. He stated that one unspecified part of Punakitere No. 2 would be awarded to individuals from Ngati Ue, and the other to individuals from Ngati Tuatahi and Ngatitu, and asked for ownership lists to be prepared.346

This did not satisfy the disputants and for a number of years the title for the block remained in limbo with claimant groups refusing to submit ownership lists. In May 1883, Maori appeared at the Court in Ohaeawai and attempted to reopen the entire issue of ownership of Punakitere No 2. Judge O'Brien refused, and after considerable wrangling, representatives from the three groups finally heeded his demands that ownership lists be prepared. Twenty-four individuals from the Ngati Ue list were awarded an undefined half of the block. The other half was granted to 33 individuals on the Ngati Tuatahi list along with 29 on the Ngatitu list.347 As Walzl states, it is doubtful whether this title, and the entire Native Land Court process, was appropriate, given that

345 Tony Walzl, 'Kohatutaka and Punakitere No.2 (1865-present)', Wai 1040 Local Studies of NLC land blocks, initial draft for internal review, 26 August 2016, pp 10-13 346 Walzl, 'Kohatutaka and Punakitere No.2', 26 August 2016 draft, p 13 347 Walzl, 'Kohatutaka and Punakitere No.2', 26 August 2016 draft, pp 14-16 155

tenure in the block was traditionally fluid with owners sharing and competing over overlapping rights.348

Certainly, Native Land Court title did not lead to successful and sustainable utilisation of Punakitere No. 2. Through the rest of the nineteenth century, it would seem that Maori utilisation of the block revolved around gum digging and timber with little cultivation or farming. In the mid-1890s, the Crown purchased the shares of two owners and after a Court hearing, was awarded 49 acres.349

But it was the early twentieth century that saw the effects of the Court system really take hold. By this point, the gum on the block was running out and many Maori were digging elsewhere. Presumably in order to create new economic opportunities in the block, a series of partitions took place. Initially, these were the result of discussions and agreements between owners, with attempts to share the best and least productive land and to create geographically defined holdings that encouraged whanau utilisation. But the partition process proved impossible to stop. The subdivided blocks grew increasingly smaller, and by 1919 most were less than 50 acres.350

By way of example, in 1912, Punakitere 2B7 was split into 15 new subdivisions. The two larger subdivisions had many owners. More than 100 held rights in a 626-acre block while 52 individuals owned a 127-acre area. The smaller subdivisions were also ill- suited for economic development. Seven individuals held rights in Punakitere 2B7C, which was just over 30 acres, while Punakitere 2B7H was just over 3 acres and had 2 owners.351

The number of owners of these subdivisions grew further due to the Court's succession policy and the growth of the Te Raki Maori population. In 1883, Punakitere No. 2 was awarded to 86 individuals. By 1920, there were 250 owners. Fragmentation did not immediately lead to alienation. Up until 1950, Maori still retained 90 percent of the

348 Walzl, 'Kohatutaka and Punakitere No.2', 26 August 2016 draft, p 58 349 Berghan, A39(f), p 365 350 Walzl, 'Kohatutaka and Punakitere No.2', 26 August 2016 draft, p 59 351 Berghan, A39(f), p 368 156 original block, but, as Walzl comments, 'there was little land utilisation'.352 At that stage, the Crown began to acquire many of the subdivisions. Today, just 674 acres of Punakitere No. 2, split into approximately 50 subdivisions, remains Maori land. This represents just 13.6 percent of the original block.353

Figure 13: The major partitions of Punakitere No. 2 in 1901

(Source: Walzl, Draft for QA, Map 2, p 19)

352 Walzl, 'Kohatutaka and Punakitere No.2', 26 August 2016 draft, p 60 353 Walzl, 'Kohatutaka and Punakitere No.2', 26 August 2016 draft, p 60 157

3.5.3. Pakanae No. 2 Fragmentation and partitioning often affected blocks that local Maori had set aside for their residence and maintenance during the surge of Crown purchasing in the mid 1870s. As Coralie Clarkson discusses, the Crown purchased most of Pakanae in 1875. The following year local Maori went to the Court to secure title over an approximately 425-acre area (Pakanae No. 2) which would seem to have been the site of the main papakainga in the area.354

On 11 November 1876, Hapakuku Moetara gave evidence to the Court at Herd's Point on behalf of Ngati Korokoro. Unlike the areas sold to the Crown, the applicants wanted Pakanae No. 2 awarded to a significant number of Maori, both, it would seem, to protect it from sale and because it had to support many different people. With most surrounding land now owned by the Crown, Pakanae No. 2 was critical for ongoing Maori settlement and cultivation in the area. It possessed some flat land and an advantageous location close to Hokianga Harbour. As Hapakuku Moetara told the Court, it was the site of Ngati Korokoro's permanent settlement named Pakanae and was a place of pa and cultivations. He suggested 36 people who should be placed on the memorial of owners.355

For unknown reasons, Judge Monro adjourned the hearing without issuing title. It was 5½ years later, on 21 March 1882, when Judge Symonds reheard the case at Herd's Point. The applicants stated that the block belonged to Ngati Korokoro and Ngati Pouka, and that it had long been occupied and was a place of tribal cultivation and burial sites. There were no objections, and an ownership list with 66 individuals was submitted and accepted.356

However, Pakanae No. 2 was simply too small to support this many owners. The block was 425 acres, and the 66 owners held the undefined equivalent of just 6.44 acres of land each. By 1889, succession cases meant that at least 90 Maori held rights to the

354 Clarkson, A58, p 10 355 Clarkson, A58, pp 44-46 356 Rigby, A58, pp 46-48 158

land.357 But the legal owners were not the only ones connected to Pakanae 2 and it would seem that Maori settlement in the region was increasingly concentrated on this small, desirable piece of land.

In November 1889, Pakanae No. 2 was suddenly and radically divided. Some owners were seeking defined portions that they could sell or lease. Others, apparently, wanted to create small holdings for individual residences and cultivation. Acting on owner requests, the Court subdivided Pakanae No. 2 into 82 numbered sections.358

To survey all these subdivisions proved prohibitively expensive and difficult. With no adequate boundaries, the ability of the owners to benefit from this land – including selling or leasing it – was handicapped. For more than 30 years, this block lay in a strange and uncompleted legal state, with 82 undefined subdivisions. As Clarkson discusses, the lack of a survey eventually 'became too problematic to ignore' and in 1922 the block was surveyed and repartitioned into 30 subdivisions.359 This required a complex Court process and considerable survey costs for often tiny pieces of land. The number of owners had grown quickly with one subdivision awarded to 55 different individuals. This was not the end of partitioning. Today, parts of Pakanae No. 2 remain in Maori ownership but in a hopelessly uneconomic tenure. For instance, the 2-acre Pakanae 2L block has 175 owners.360

3.6. The Economic Results of Interaction with the Court By the 1880s, it was apparent that interaction with the Native Land Court had set back rather than aided the economic position of Te Raki Maori. The reports of Nicholas Bayley, David Alexander, and Armstrong and Subasic all argue that the large-scale titling and sales of the mid-1870s had brought few benefits, apart from the quickly exhausted sale price.361 Te Raki Maori had lost the majority of their 'primary asset': their land.362 The areas that they did retain, and especially those blocks under Court tenure, were

357 Rigby, A58, p 560 358 Clarkson, A58, pp 48-50 359 Clarkson, A58, p 76 360 Clarkson, A58, pp 80-85, 124-125 361 Bayley, E41, pp 65-106; Alexander, A7, pp 110-205 in particular; Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 1117-1129 in particular 362 Bayley, E41, pp 88-89 159

proving inadequate for social and economic equality and progress.363 There were frequent reports that Te Raki Maori were failing to 'grow sufficient food for themselves let alone to sell to others’.364

Te Raki Maori were the poorest and most vulnerable sector of an economically backwards region marked by a chronic lack of infrastructure. A general depression in agriculture during the 1880s deepened their economic and political marginalisation. For the rest of the century and beyond Maori economic survival in Te Raki revolved not around their land but their labour in extractive industries, especially gum digging.365

A number of reports for this inquiry that discuss specific blocks and areas suggest that land under Court title proved to be an inadequate basis for economic development. For example, reports by Alexandra Horsley on the Otangaroa, Te Pupuke and Waihapa blocks in Whangaroa; by Dr Ann Beaglehole on Horohora in the Whangarei district; and by Tony Walzl regarding Punakitere No. 2 in the Hokianga district all failed to uncover evidence of successful farming or economic utilisation in the nineteenth century.366

Only a handful of Te Raki chiefs did, for a time at least, successfully use the Native Land Court to create economic opportunities for themselves and their people. These leaders exhibited considerable skills and expended considerable resources in their attempt to navigate and control the Court system. But even in these exceptional cases, interaction with the Court ultimately led to land loss and fragmentation.

The attempt by Maori led by Rahui Te Kiri and Tenetahi to gain a secure hold over Hauturu and to strengthen their existing economic activities on the island has already been discussed. Over time, this whanau and group created cultivations and timber

363 There is insufficient evidence to argue whether Maori gained more economic advantage from their customary or Court-titled land. With a few exceptions, there seems to have been little successful Maori farming in this period on any type of land. One exception was in the Rohe Potae around Motatau. As discussed below, freedom from Court-derived tenure appears in this case to have encouraged innovative collective enterprise. 364 Bayley, E41, p 79 365 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 1124-1131, 1134-1135 366 Horsely, A57; Dr Ann Beaglehole, 'Horohora Block History', local studies of NLC land blocks, a report for the local issues research programme for the Te Paparahi o Te Raki (Wai 1040) inquiry, draft, June 2016; Walzl, 'Kohatutaka and Punakitere No.2 (1865-present)', initial draft of internal review, 26 August 2016 160

partnerships, and established a flock of 1,000 sheep, 30 head of cattle, as well as other livestock. But in the late 1890s, Tenetahi was still wracked with debt incurred during the long battle for title over this land. Non-resident owners sold their interests to the Crown while resident owners had their interests compulsorily acquired and were forcibly evicted from the island.367

A not dissimilar case involved Te Hemara Tauhia and his people in Mahurangi. We have seen that during the late 1860s, Te Hemara expertly used the Court to gain legal title over key remaining areas of Mahurangi for himself and others, especially in Waiwera- Puhoi. He was, for a period, held up by Europeans as a glowing example of a chief using legal title to carry out farming and other economic developments.

But by the 1880s much of the land had been sold and he was, in Armstrong and Subasic's words, an example of 'thwarted Maori ambitions'.368 They argue that for Te Hemara: the need to further develop land resulted in more land sales and leases. But given an ongoing lack of ready and more reliable access to markets, an absence of settlement on the scale promised by Crown agents, the multitude of costs associated with the Native Land Court ... and the need to support a community of 60-100 people (including covering their debts), Te Hemara's efforts ultimately came to nothing and the only alternative was to continue selling in order to ensure mere survival.369

By 1889, Te Hemara had transferred the last vestiges of his land, just over 2,000 acres at Puhoi plus some shares in land elsewhere, to his wife. His predicament was a drastic example of the landlessness that affected Mahurangi Maori in general by this time. As he told Government ministers: 'you have taken my shirt, trousers, and everything.'370

Eru Nehua was another leader who used his mana in both the Maori and European spheres to try to gain title and carry out innovative and ambitious economic developments. Derby depicts Nehua as a modernising and gifted leader with in-depth knowledge and understanding of the Court process. From the 1860s, he led farming and

367 Johnson, E8, including pp 29, 32-33, 48, 56 368 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 940 369 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 950 370 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 947 161

cultivation efforts around the papakainga of Taharoa. By 1882, fifty or sixty members of his hapu occupied and were communally farming the area. They owned 250 head of cattle, 210 sheep, 2,000 pigs, and 20 horses and had installed a European on part of the land to help run the cattle.371

Nehua took a prominent role in the titling and sale of surrounding lands.372 It would appear that he funnelled his share of the proceeds from these sales and from advance payments for the Puhipuhi block into the effort to gain title and develop the southern part of Puhipuhi, including Taharoa.373 Nehua incurred significant court-related costs including £302 he paid for the survey of the Puhipuhi block.374

Finally, in 1883, after a long and difficult Court battle, Nehua achieved his aim. The Court granted Puhipuhi 5, which included Taharoa, to 12 of his hapu and immediate whanau. The nearby Puhipuhi 4 was also awarded to 26 of his hapu. These 5,510 acres of land represented around 21 per cent of the original Puhipuhi block and included some of its best farming areas. Relatively flat and partly cleared for grazing, it already had houses, fencing, and access routes. Another valuable resource was its kahikatea forest.375

Crucially, Nehua did not just seek title but used the Court and land sale process to maintain control over the land. He successfully requested that the Court make these lands inalienable except by sale, mortgage or lease for more than 21 years.376 He strove to keep himself and his people out of debt so that they could develop rather than sell the areas. In 1884, he and his fellow Ngati Hau leaders sold the Puhipuhi 1 block (13,372 acres) to the Crown for £8,574. He further solidified his position by insisting, during this sale, that the Crown grant him a further 200-acre reserve within the sale block. Moreover, the Crown reimbursed him for previous surveying costs in Puhipuhi and paid

371 Derby, A61, p 197 372 Armstrong, P1, pp 31-40 373 Apart from land sales, little evidence has been found suggesting whether Te Raki Maori were able to access development finance. 374 Derby, A61, p 181 375 Derby, A61, p 276 376 Derby, A61, pp 171-172 162

for the survey of the three portions that would remain under his and his people's control.377

In the following years, Nehua and his whanau successfully farmed Puhipuhi 5. In 1890, it was reported that he lived ‘in European style and is much respected by the settlers for his many good qualities. The sheep on his place were in splendid condition.' Between 1890 and 1905, he was one of the largest sheep farmers in Whangarei County with a flock that reached 900.378

Nehua continued to use his influence and skills to combat the Court's tendency to undermine chiefly control over land. He did not have himself installed on the title for Puhipuhi 5 but asserted his influence in other ways. The title for Puhipuhi 5 was kept restricted to whanau and supporters with Nehua acting as trustee for some of the minors. It was generally agreed that the land was 'never to be partitioned' and was to remain a joint family enterprise. Nehua refused to allow any part of the block to be sold or leased and went to the Court to prevent those from outside the immediate family gaining rights to the land through succession.379

Nehua's successful control of Puhipuhi 5 allowed him and his family to play a significant role in the wider area. They were briefly part-owners of at least two silver mines, and Nehua owned boarding houses. They cleared and farmed other lands they owned and donated land for a school and church on the Puhipuhi block.380

But even Nehua, with his advantages and skills, could not hold off the forces of fragmentation and sale for ever. His control over Puhipuhi 4, owned by 26 members of his hapu, was always more limited. He was trustee for a number of minors who, by 1894, had reached the age of 21 and had control over their interests. The block was less economically successful than Puhipuhi 5 and by 1896 partitions, frequent Court hearings and conflict had begun.381

377 Derby, A61, pp 181, 184, 187-188 378 Derby, A61, p 277 379 Derby, A61, pp 278-279 380 Derby, A61, pp 362-363 381 Derby, A61, p 281 163

Puhipuhi 5 was also partitioned at the end of the century, albeit in a more controlled fashion. In 1914, Nehua died. His ability to utilise and control the Court and sale process to encourage the collective development of land would not survive him. Increasingly in debt, and lacking his strong leadership presence, the owners of Puhipuhi 4 and 5 moved towards sale. By 1926, about 56 percent of the two blocks had been sold and a further 33 percent leased to Europeans.382 It had taken some time, but the Court and sale process had finally overcome the development attempts of Eru Nehua and his people.

3.7. Resistance to the Court For many Te Raki iwi, hapu, and leaders, the Native Land Court was by the 1880s synonymous with poverty and land loss rather than economic development and secure title. This led, for the rest of the nineteenth century and beyond, to sustained attempts by Te Raki Maori to reform, resist and destroy the Native Land Court. The Court system would survive. Nonetheless, Te Raki Maori resistance from the 1880s onwards was a crucial factor in slowing its progress and keeping significant parts of the inquiry district under customary title.

3.7.1. Political Protest Armstrong and Subasic provide a thorough discussion on the rapid rise of opposition in Te Raki to the Native Land Court. They note that during the 1871 Haultain inquiry, Te Raki chiefs had criticised aspects of the titling process but had not expressed 'fundamental opposition, or opposition of a political nature' to the Court as an institution. The large-scale hearings and land sales beginning in 1875 changed all that. In Armstrong and Subasic's words, a 'cognitive shift' had taken place in the attitudes of Te Raki Maori by the early 1880s and the 'whole Native Land Court and Crown land purchase system' was under attack.383

Some of the most prominent chiefs of Te Raki led these protests. These men had been (and, to some degree continued to be) closely involved with the Court and with land sales, which they now considered a path to devastation and disempowerment. They

382 Derby, A61, p 284 383 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 998 164

merged potent criticism of the titling and purchasing system with implied regret about their own involvement. In 1879, Te Hemara Tauhia addressed the Orakei Parliament, a pan-tribal political forum. He said: The Native Land Court was established. Then we perceived our misfortunes when it was decided that pakehas should be judges of the court. What did the pakehas know of Maori customs that they should be appointed judges? Sometimes in these courts a chief would get up and claim the land: but a man of inferior birth would also claim. The land was awarded to the chief, and the man of inferior birth got nothing ... But listen. The pakehas are not to blame: all the Natives in this Island committed part of the fault. The only fault of the pakehas is that they have taken the mana of the whole island. They do not leave any mana over the land or the sea to the chiefs. There was no reason for depriving the chiefs of their mana.384

Te Hemara argued that only the complete abandonment of the Court system could save Maori and their land: I condemn this continual anxiety of the Maoris to sell land, by which we shall die. But you may bring up the sale of lands, and you cannot stop it. Only when the Courts are abolished can we attempt to stop the sale of lands. There are troubles upon all the Island through these Land Courts. We are to blame as well as the Government.385

Te Raki Maori played a major role in calls by the Orakei Parliament for the Court to be abolished. The Orakei Parliament in 1879 passed Paora Tuhaere's resolution that: surveys, Land Courts, and Crown grants should cease; that the Maori mana should remain over lands not surveyed and adjudicated ... that reserves should be made inalienable; that deposits on land and mortgages should cease.386

The same demands were voiced in the New Zealand Parliament. Since the mid 1870s, Hone Mohi Tawhai had protested about the harmful influence of advance payments in the Court and land purchasing system. He knew of what he spoke, having himself accepted these payments and been involved in a number of title determinations and transactions in Te Raki. In 1876, at the height of the Court hearings and land sales, he wrote to the Government newspaper Te Wananga claiming that:

384 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 945-946 385 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 946 386 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 946 165

The following are what the Ngapuhi have agreed to: That the Native Lands Court be done away with. That the lands which we have not passed through the Native Lands Court, shall be held by us in the same way as they were held by our ancestors.387

By 1879, he was the Northern Maori Member of the House of Representatives and believed that advances, Court surveys and hearings were the cause of violence and conflict. He told Parliament that the Court should be abolished as: the real cause of these troubles is the law which provides for the Native Land Court, through which surveyors go on the land to survey, and in doing so get shot at. How is it that it never struck your people who have been in previous Governments this Native Land Court should be eradicated[?]388

Tawhai was delighted when in 1883 the Government proposed banning advance payments, but outraged when the Crown exempted itself from the law. He told the House: There was a law laid down that it should not be permitted for any dealings to be carried out in connection with Native lands, such as leasing or sales, before such lands had been adjudicated upon by the Native Land Court or surveyed ... you, the Europeans who are so full of wisdom and knowledge, did not pay any respect to that law, but you became law- breakers. You continue that practice until the scandal becomes too great; then you come here and try to make a fresh law ... You cannot say the Maori has been instrumental in bringing about his own doom – that he has been trampling underfoot the law that has been made for him. Sir, I will not say that the Europeans sinned only against the law – against the Acts brought in – but they also broke the Treaty of Waitangi.389

Armstrong and Subasic cite this speech as an example of how the Treaty of Waitangi was increasingly a key point of reference in the protests of Te Raki Maori, which were 'centred on land title individualisation, land alienation, and the Native Land Court system'.390

Calls to abolish the Court were increasingly coupled with demands that it be replaced by separate Maori institutions. Many Te Raki Maori continued to want legally recognised

387 Henare et al, A37, pp 585-586 388 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 720 389 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 996-997 390 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 997 166 title over their lands. But they wanted Maori, not the Native Land Court, to define the nature of that title and to make the crucial decisions. In 1883, Tawhai led calls for the Queen and the British Parliament to save Maori from being 'swept from the land of the forefathers.' He and other Maori members of Parliament explained that the Court was awarding tribal land to individuals and demanded that it be abolished. Maori lands should be vested in 'an elective body of Maoris, who would be better able to decide questions of title than European judges.’391

Maihi Paraone Kawiti was another who advocated that Maori committees and runanga should replace the Court. He had long criticised the entire edifice of legislation that guided the Court. In 1876, he and 269 others submitted a petition objecting to a new Native Lands Bill which they believed was: worse than the Native Land Acts of 1873 and 1874, and that death would be better than life if such torture is to continue. That, while objecting to the proposed new law, they also earnestly pray for the repeal of the laws of 1873 and 1874.392

By 1881, he was demanding that: we Maoris be allowed to manage our own concerns. Let there be a committee appointed to consider Maori subjects. The great thing is that Maoris should consider and have management of their own affairs.393

Hirini Taiwhanga also favoured the abolition of the Native Land Court, which he described in 1880 as the 'source of all their troubles' and its replacement with a 'Maori Tribunal’.394

The political position of Te Raki chiefs had, by the 1880s, moved emphatically against the Native Land Court. Often voiced as part of wider movements, their demands for a fundamental change in the land titling and purchasing system were largely ignored by the Crown. But these political actions did have practical consequences in Te Raki. They were an integral part of a multi-faceted attempt by Te Raki Maori to retain control over

391 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 998 392 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 863 393 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1004 394 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1003 167 their remaining lands and to find a way out of the problems associated with the Native Land Court. We turn now to another part of that attempt.

3.7.2. Komiti and Runanga By the early 1880s, a range of unofficial Maori committees and runanga in Te Raki were attempting to adjudicate on land titles (and other matters) and, in doing so, to remove the influence and problems associated with the Native Land Court. The central problem these committees faced was their lack of legal power. If any of those involved were dissatisfied with the decision, they could apply to the Native Land Court and receive a legally binding title determination.

This problem affected even those committees that were eventually sanctioned by the Government. From 1880, Hone Mohi Tawhai led the battle to have the Crown recognise and empower Maori committees. Supported by other Maori members of Parliament, he drafted a bill proposing that elected committees be established throughout the country with the: authority to inquire into disputes arising in the district in connection with the surveying of land, applications for the investigation of title to lands, and the sale of lands upon the application of the persons involved in the lands under dispute.395

Despite support from Te Raki and other Maori, the bill was resisted by the Crown before a weakened version was enacted. The Native Committees Act 1883 allowed officially recognised committees to investigate titles but only in order to provide information for the Native Land Court. The Court remained in control of the titling process and could accept or, as proved to be more common, reject the recommendations of the Committees as it saw fit.396

Nonetheless, Tawhai and other Te Raki Maori sought to make a success of the limited opportunity available to them. Tawhai was appointed chairman of the Bay of Islands Native Committee, while an officially recognised Kaipara Native Committee was also established. These committees battled against lack of resources and the fact that many

395 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1012 396 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 1015-1016 168

Maori in the area preferred their own local committees and to stay as far removed from the Crown on land title matters as possible. Kawiti, Taiwhanga, and Tuhaere were among those who considered the 'official' committees to be assisting rather than offering an alternative to the Court process and called for them to be avoided.397

The official committees were not without their supporters or their successes. The Bay of Islands Native Committee claimed in 1887 to have resolved a number of difficult cases in Kaikohe to the approval of all those involved.398 Tawhai appealed to the Government for more power for the Committee, including for the Court to simply rubber-stamp its decisions. This was refused. Increasingly ineffective, official Native Committees, in the words of Armstrong and Subasic, 'petered out’.399

While historians such as Vincent O'Malley have judged the official Native Committees to have been a 'signal failure', the unofficial committees had a somewhat longer lifespan.400 For the rest of the nineteenth century, they helped keep considerable parts of Te Raki out of the Native Land Court system. Their lack of legal power meant that they were always threatened and sometimes thrust aside by the Court. Nonetheless, they were influential in Te Raki, especially in areas where opposition to the Native Land Court was most strongly organised and led. They also played a role in parts of the inquiry district where there was less pressure from Crown and private purchasers, and with little history of interaction with the Native Land Court.

The most prominent of these unofficial groups appears to have been the Committee of the Treaty of Waitangi (Te Komiti o Te Titiri o Waitangi). Established in 1881, and backed by Kawiti among others, it carried out a variety of functions, including the investigation of land titles.401 In 1884, the Mangonui resident magistrate, H W Bishop reported that: a feeling of unrest and dissatisfaction pervades the Maori mind. In connection with this Treaty of Waitangi a committee has been appointed

397 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1021 398 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1020 399 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1028 400 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1024 401 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1010; Peter Clayworth, 'A History of the Motatau Block c.1880-c.1980', draft, 21 June 2016, p 26 169

imbued by general consent with large judicial powers, and members travel around the northern districts, adjudicating in cases of every description. Some decisions of a most extraordinary character have been told to me, but the Natives appear to invariably manage to ultimately settle the disputes by mutual consent, and they loyally uphold and carry out the dicta of these curiously-composed tribunals.402

It and other non-Crown sanctioned committees continued to operate during the brief lifespan of the officially recognised Bay of Islands Native Committee. Unofficial committees were especially powerful in the Rohe Potae established under the authority of Maihi Paraone Kawiti in the Motatau area. As discussed below, the Native Land Court was banned from this area which relied on its own committees and institutions to settle land matters. When disputes did break out, Kawiti sometimes used 'outside' Maori committees to adjudicate, including the Committee of the Treaty of Waitangi and a committee headed by the Ngati Hau leader Eru Nehua.403

The central attraction of these unofficial committees was also their central weakness. Te Raki Maori like Kawiti valued the committees because they were distinct from the Native Land Court, but their exclusion from the official system made it possible for their decisions to be ignored and encouraged local Maori to use the Court.

As a result, the influence of the unofficial committees seems to have risen and fallen in Te Raki during the 1880s, although they never ceased completely. By 1889, it was reported that the Committee of Treaty of Waitangi was 'fully revived'.404 It and the other local committees received a boost with the establishment of the Rees-Carroll Commission into the Court and the Native Land Acts. The Commission was involved in a number of hui in Te Raki during April 1891 where they encountered overwhelming criticism of the Court and equally overwhelming support for Maori committees. After the hui at Waimate North, it was reported that: the native opinion generally [favoured] the stoppage of individual dealings with land and in place thereof appoint native committees with a Government officer to settle the question of boundaries and the titles of land, disputed cases to be referred to some Court for determination.405

402 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1011 403 Clayworth, 'A History of the Motatau Block c.1880-c.1980', draft, 21 June 2016, pp 25, 27 404 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1024 405 Horsley, A57, p 78 170

As discussed below, some Te Raki leaders believed that the Commission would lead to a radical extension of the powers of Maori committees. As a result, they strengthened their efforts to keep their land out of the Court. These hopes for an alternative to the Court were not to be realised, at least until the short-lived experiment of the papatupu block committees in the early twentieth century.

Instead, as the following case studies illustrate, the unofficial committees were up against the Court's monopoly power over legal titles and the hostility of the Crown. Sometimes, as in the case of Te Pupuke (2,363 acres), on the south-western side of the Whangaroa Harbour, even the staunchest opponents of the Court were forced to give way. As Horsley discusses, Te Pupuke was an important piece of customary land, the site of the local papakainga, and possessed valuable food sources and some suitable areas for cultivation.406

Most surrounding land had gone before the Court. Given the disputes between Taniora Arapata on one side and Hare Hongi Hika and Paora Ururoa on the other, it appeared that Te Pupuke would be next to be taken to the Court. However, in 1882, Hika and Ururoa withdrew their application for a Court hearing on Te Pupuke and referred the case to the Committee of the Treaty of Waitangi. Taniora agreed and played a full role in the Committee's investigation, which took place at Papakanui, a pa site on Te Pupuke in 1884.407

A committee of chiefs, headed by Wiremu Katene, heard the case, which lasted for two days. There is limited and conflicting evidence regarding what the Committee decided but the relevant point for our discussion is that their decision did not hold. In 1885, Taniora Arapata was back in the Native Land Court at Mangonui. His opponents, led by Hare Hongi Hika, Paora Ururoa, and Mita Hape refused to take part, staging a walkout with their supporters just before the hearings opened. Their opposition to the Court proved costly. Taniora Arapata presented the majority of the evidence to the Court and

406 Horsley, A57, p 70 407 Horsley, A57, pp 72-73 171

was at the head of a group of 66 that was awarded Te Pupuke West.408 Those who had refused to attend the Court were excluded from the title.

With the death of Hongi Hika, Mita Hape and Paora Ururoa led the attempts to have their rights over this land recognised. They were stuck in a bind familiar to Te Raki Maori leaders such as Te Hemara Tauahere and Paora Tuhaere, who organised but then abandoned a boycott of the Native Land Court in Kaipara in 1885.409 Mita Hape and Paora Ururoa wanted to avoid the Court but could not easily sit back and allow the land to be awarded to their rivals.

Their first move was to appeal to Parliament for help, but the Native Affairs select committee thrust the issue back to the Native Land Court who ordered a rehearing. After considerable delays, the rehearing was scheduled to open on 17 June 1891. Hape, Ururoa, and their supporters repeatedly wrote to the Court asking that the rehearing be abandoned and the case be adjudicated upon by a Maori committee. They were optimistic that the recent Rees-Carroll Commission would result in these committees having real authority. One of their letters stated: This is to inform you that the Land Court at Whangaroa has been made of none effect concerning Te Pupuke and other lands of ours at Whangaroa on account of the burdensomeness of the (Native) land laws. The words of the Commissioner [Rees and Carroll] have reached us (requesting) that any observed evil (working) of the NLCourt should be made public. Enough, the right methods have been shown by the Native people to the Commissioners. The Commissioners have said that a Native Committee will be set up to adjudicate on Native Lands in the immediate future, therefore we have agreed to this at the present time. Therefore for the present our lands are being withheld. Enough, do you all remain away and not waste time.410

But the Native Land Court process, once set in motion, was often impossible to stop. The Court ignored the requests and the rehearing went ahead. At the opening of the case, Hape again pleaded for the rehearing to be abandoned as 'the natives have decided after several meetings not to bring this case before the Court.' The Court refused, and after a

408 Horsley, A57, p 75. The Court did not issue title for the eastern part of the block at this time. 409 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 868, which suggests that the boycott was abandoned out of respect for Judge Rogan 410 Horsley, A57, pp 78-79 172

lengthy discussion with his supporters, Hape decided that he could no longer stand aside from the Court. The rehearing was concluded and the Court had triumphed over its opponents. Horsley's report details the subsequent fragmentation and alienation. Today, only 38 per cent of it remains Maori land.411

In other areas, Te Raki Maori were able to use unofficial committees to keep land out of the Native Land Court system for the rest of the nineteenth century. As Anthony Patete writes, Whangaroa Maori preferred to have the Committee of the Treaty of Waitangi, rather than the Native Land Court, adjudicate over land in Matauri Bay, north of Kerikeri and east of the Whangaroa Harbour. This area was known for its isolation from Crown authority and saw little Native Land Court activity during the nineteenth century.

In 1884, there were two Committee of the Treaty of Waitangi hearings over the Matauri block: one at Ohaeawai and the other possibly at Te Ngaere.412 The evidence of these hearings is sparse although we know a little more about the Committee's inquiry into nearby Motukawa (Motukawananui) island and other Cavalli Islands from 2 to 7 May 1890. These investigations appear to have been rather more detailed than most Court hearings in Te Raki during the nineteenth century, although they resembled the Court in some facets. The three-member committee, chaired by Paki Wi Hongi, conducted its inquiries at Matauri and Ohaeawai. Four main claimants were involved, and there was considerable evidence taken regarding whakapapa and customary rights to land, including tuku and raupatu, as well as contemporary issues involving a leasing arrangement with a Pakeha. Hearing fees were charged and thorough minutes (in Te Reo Maori) were taken, which included a listing and description of important sites on the island.413

411 Horsley, A57, p 105 412 Anthony Patete, 'Matauri', a report commissioned by the Waitangi Tribunal for the Wai 1040 inquiry, April 2016 draft, pp 99-100 413 Patete, ’Matauri’, April 2016 draft, pp 436-443 173

Little is known about the practical ramifications of the Committee's decision or what it suggested about Maori ideas regarding land tenure in this period. Later evidence suggests that the Committee awarded four main claimants a quarter of Motukawa Island, and a number of smaller islands to one claimant. It would appear that these awardees then provided a register of the names of those whom they were representing and would be included in the award.414 But what is striking is that there was no attempt to re-litigate this decision in the Native Land Court. The claimants and others with connections to Matauri continued to prefer alternatives to the Court, and would be deeply involved in the papatupu block committees established in the early twentieth century.

3.7.3. Where the Court could not go: The Rohe Potae The establishment of a Rohe Potae over a considerable area within the Bay of Islands and Whangarei sub-regions was a key development in the growing resistance to the Native Land Court. Peter Clayworth's upcoming report will discuss this Rohe Potae, established under the authority of Maihi Paraone Kawiti, in which surveys, the Native Land Court, and land sales to Pakeha were banned.415

The Rohe Potae included what would become the Motatau block (approximately 89,500 acres) and adjoining areas inland of the Bay of Islands, to the south of Kawakawa, Moerewa, and Kaikohe. With the loss of coastal land to the Crown and Europeans, this was from the 1870s an increasingly important population centre for Ngati Hine, Ngati Kahu, and related iwi/hapu. Waiomio was a main residence for Kawiti and the site of economic development. The local economy revolved around farming, gum digging, and timber logging. Maize and potatoes were cultivated, and sheep, pigs, horses, and cattle were imported. Land for grazing and cultivation was cleared, while throughout the area waterways, bushes, and swamps provided important resources.416

414 Patete, ’Matauri’, April 2016 draft, p 443 415 Clayworth, ‘A History of the Motatau Block c.1880-c.1980’, draft, 21 June 2016 416 Clayworth, ‘A History of the Motatau Block c.1880-c.1980’, draft, 21 June 2016, pp 20-21. 174

Despite, or perhaps because he had participated in many Court hearings and land sales in the wider region, Kawiti was determined to keep this area under communal control. Inspired by events elsewhere in the North Island, Te Raki's Rohe Potae received widespread support from Maori and proved to be the most effective single bulwark against the Native Land Court in the inquiry district.

As early as 1872, Kawiti and other chiefs were planning to establish an area in which communal control would be protected from the Native Land Court and Crown purchase. In late 1874, after considerable hui, the boundaries of the Rohe Potae were established: 'including all its [Waiomio's] boundaries and the Motatau range as far as the Hikurangi range.'417 The area was under Kawiti's overall authority and was divided into four sections with each section controlled by a group of representatives who held the land on behalf of larger groups of people. Kawiti was careful to inform the Crown, Europeans, and other Maori about the boundaries of the Rohe Potae and its guiding principles.

The first decade of the Rohe Potae saw the communal economy grow, especially around Waiomio. Kawiti leased gumfields to Maori and Pakeha (and sold land elsewhere), using the proceeds for a variety of projects, including building the Titiri o Waitangi meeting house, a flax mill, and a storehouse for gum.418 There were carefully controlled leases and timber milling elsewhere in the Rohe Potae, with title and other matters decided through local committees.

In 1885, a challenge to the autonomy of the Rohe Potae and Kawiti's authority broke out. It revolved around a dispute between the young chief Wiki Moeanu and Kawiti over land in Waiomio. A Maori committee, chaired by an outside leader, the Ngati Hau chief Eru Nehua, investigated the dispute and ruled in favour of Kawiti. The disgruntled Wiki Moeanu made known that he would seek a survey and Native Land Court hearing over the land. Kawiti's response was emphatic. He reminded the Native Minister, John Ballance, of the boundaries of the Rohe Potae and warned that no surveys, land courts, or sales would be tolerated.419

417 Clayworth, ‘A History of the Motatau Block c.1880-c.1980’, draft, 21 June 2016, p 25 418 Clayworth, ‘A History of the Motatau Block c.1880-c.1980’, draft, 21 June 2016, p 22 419 Clayworth, ‘A History of the Motatau Block c.1880-c.1980’, draft, 21 June 2016, p 26 175

In March 1886, Wiki wrote to the Native Minister and requested Crown support for a survey and Court hearing. Ballance, aware of the hostility towards the Court, did not attempt to force a title hearing against the will of the Rohe Potae and its leader. Rather, he proposed to Kawiti three ways to end the dispute with Wiki: Kawiti could apply for a Court hearing himself, have a Crown-sanctioned Native Committee rule, or refer it to arbitration.420

Kawiti refused all three, calling for the non-Government sanctioned Committee of the Treaty of Waitangi to adjudicate on the matter. When this proved unacceptable to the Native Minister, and with Wiki continuing to demand a Court hearing, Kawiti agreed to a compromise. Henry Tacy Clarke of the Native Department, and two Maori arbitrators, one each nominated by Kawiti and Wiki, would hear the disputes. Between 100 and 150 Maori gathered to hear proceedings in November 1886. Despite Clarke's assertion that the final decision would have the same weight as a Native Land Court ruling, the arbitration had no legal effect.

However, to the satisfaction of many local autonomy of the Rohe Potae and the authorityMāori, of Kawiti. the arbitration The arbitrators did acknowledge stated that the land under dispute was customary title and ruled that Kawiti, as a paramount chief, held unquestionably stronger rights over it than an individual such as Wiki. The arbitrators admitted that things would be very different if the land came under the Native Land Court, but here Kawiti's mana remained intact.421

The ruling was widely publicised by supporters of the Rohe Potae, with hui reasserting the area's independence and reiterating the ban on the Court and land sales. Even after Kawiti died in 1889, the Court was kept out of the Rohe Potae. Following Kawiti's death, Wiki returned to the area and again asked for the Crown to survey Waiomio in preparation for a Court hearing. He was rebuffed, as Crown officials reluctantly accepted that opposition to the Court in the area remained overwhelming.422

420 Clayworth, ‘A History of the Motatau Block c.1880-c.1980’, draft, 21 June 2016, p 29 421 Clayworth, ‘A History of the Motatau Block c.1880-c.1980’, draft, 21 June 2016, pp 30-31 422 Clayworth, ‘A History of the Motatau Block c.1880-c.1980’, draft, 21 June 2016, p 34 176

As discussed in the following chapter, the Rohe Potae around Motatau and the ban on the Native Land Court remained intact until 1900. It was the biggest area of customary land within Te Raki and at the heart of the largest area of Maori-owned land within the inquiry district.423 This Rohe Potae, and the other Maori-owned lands in Te Raki that remained outside the Crown's tenurial system, were telling proof that resistance to the Native Land Court was both powerful and, against considerable odds, influential.

423 Terry Hearn, ‘Social and Economic Change in Northland c.1900 – c.1945: The Role of the Crown and The Place of Maori’, CFRT, 2006, Wai 1040, A3, p 86 177

4. Chapter Four: Continued Maori Resistance and Renewed Crown Purchasing in the 1890s

4.1. Introduction Maori opposition to the Crown's titling system, which became a force in Te Raki during the 1880s, strengthened further in the 1890s. This chapter examines attempts by local Maori to avoid and replace the Native Land Court. During this period, Te Raki resistance to the Court had some noteworthy successes. The amount of new land being passed before the Court decreased and some local communities were able to keep significant areas in communal, customary tenure.

Nonetheless, the Court system continued to have a multi-faceted and vital impact on Te Raki. Land owned by Maori under the Court system was increasingly fragmented with a proliferation of subdivisions, succession cases and survey costs. The inability of Te Raki Maori to gain economic benefit from their interests in Court-titled land left them vulnerable to the resurgence in Crown purchasing in the area from 1893. Indeed, the 1890s saw the Crown develop new expertise in exploiting Native Land Court processes to secure Maori land in Te Raki.

4.2. Keeping Land out of the Court: The Slowing of New Title Determinations By the 1890s, the spread of the Native Land Court into Te Raki had slowed considerably as resistance by Te Raki Maori to the Crown's tenurial system and purchasing strengthened. Of the four chronological periods used for this report, the 1890s saw the least amount of land and blocks titled by the Court. During this decade, title determinations involving 61 new blocks and 41,427 acres were completed. While this was not an insubstantial amount of land, it represented a marked decrease compared with previous periods. Excluding areas titled at an unknown time, only 5 percent of Maori-owned land in Te Raki in 1865 was passed through the Court in the 1890s. Just 6.4 percent of the blocks established by the Court in Te Raki were created during this period.

178

Table 28: Number of known blocks and acres titled by the Native Land Court in each year between 1890 and 1899, Te Raki inquiry district

Year No. blocks titled Acres titled 1890 4 966.3 1891 2 1,519.8 1892 2 240.0 1893 5 190.1 1894 7 495.7 1895 10 6,452.8 1896 5 10,150.5 1897 9 7,315.8 1898 10 6,115.0 1899 7 7,981.4 Total 61 41,427.3 (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C)

Graph 33: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in each year between 1890 and 1899, Te Raki inquiry district

30,000.0

25,000.0

20,000.0

15,000.0 Acres titled 10,150.5 10,000.0 7,315.8 7,981.4 6,452.8 6,115.0 5,000.0 966.3 1,519.8 240.0 190.1 495.7 0.0 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 Year

179

Table 29: Number of known blocks and acres titled by the Native Land Court in the 1890–1899 period, Te Raki inquiry district

The reluctance of Te Raki Maori to put their land before the Court that had begun in the 1880s was deepening. Indeed, the Court was becoming steadily less popular with Te Raki Maori the more they knew of it. During its first 15 years, it appeared that the Court would sweep away all customary title in Te Raki. Between 1865 and 1880, 69.8 percent of Maori-owned land in the inquiry district, including 581,060 acres in 671 blocks, came under the Court system. However, the mass land loss of the mid-1870s radically altered Te Raki Maori attitudes towards the Court and to land sales. In the following two decades, only 12.5 percent of land owned by Maori in 1865 was titled by the the Court with 136 new blocks totalling 103,559.73 acres.

This slowdown in new titling meant that, by the turn of the century, Te Raki was one of the rare areas in New Zealand that still had significant amounts of papatupu or customary Maori land. At least 147,864 acres, or 17.8 percent of known Maori-owned land in 1865, remained in customary tenure (see the table above).424

424 Note that land titled at unknown periods is excluded from these calculations; Paul Hamer and Paul Meredith, '"The Power to Settle the Title"?: The Operation of Papatupu Block Committees in the Te Paparahi o Te Raki Inquiry District, 1900-1909' Waitangi Tribunal, 2016, Wai 1040, A62, p 2, suggests the amount of customary land at 1900 may have been considerably higher. 180

Table 30: Number of known blocks and acres titled by the Native Land Court in each sub-region, 1890–1899

Sub-region No. blocks titled Acres titled % known acres Bay of Islands 26 15,906.3 38.4% Hokianga 9 13,538.6 32.7% Mahurangi Whangarei 19 10,494.3 25.3% Whangaroa 7 1,488.1 3.6% Te Raki 61 41,427.3 100.0% (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C)

Graph 34: Number of known acres titled by the Native Land Court in each sub- region, 1890-1899

60,000.0

50,000.0 41,427.3 40,000.0

30,000.0

20,000.0 15,906.3 13,538.6 Acres titled 10,494.3 10,000.0 1,488.1 0.0 Te Raki Bay of Hokianga Whangarei Whangaroa Mahurangi Islands Sub-regions

Table 31: Number of known acres titled/remaining to be titled by the end of 1899, Te Raki inquiry district and sub-regions

Sub-region Acres titled % acres titled Acres yet to be titled % acres yet to be titled Bay of Islands 120,089.0 72.5% 45,520.2 27.5% Hokianga 149,187.1 82.5% 31,690.9 17.5% Mahurangi 48,754.5 95.4% 2,327.3 4.6% Whangarei 299,257.8 85.3% 51,414.7 14.7% Whangaroa 51,180.0 75.2% 16,911.5 24.8% Te Raki 668,468.4 82.2% 147,864.8 17.8% (Source: Title determination master sheet, Appendix C)

181

Graph 35: Proportion of known acres titled/remaining to be titled by the end of 1899, Te Raki inquiry district and sub-regions

% acres titled % acres yet to be titled

100.0% 4.6% 14.7% 90.0% 17.5% 17.8% 24.8% 27.5% 80.0%

70.0%

60.0%

50.0% 95.4% 85.3% 40.0% 82.5% 82.2% 75.2% 72.5% 30.0%

Proportion of acres titled/yet to be titled be to titled/yet acres of Proportion 20.0%

10.0%

0.0% Mahurangi Whangarei Hokianga Te Raki Whangaroa Bay of Islands Sub-regions

The slowdown in the Court's progress was seen in the inquiry district's three largest sub-regions. Relatively speaking, there was something of a spike in Court activity in the Bay of Islands sub-region during the 1890s. In this period, it was the sub-region with the most blocks and most land passing the Court. The Court established 26 new blocks including 15,906 acres, the most of any sub-region. Nonetheless, the Bay of Islands continued to be the sub-region in Te Raki with the highest proportion of customary land. Approximately 45,419 acres, or 27.5 percent, of known customary land in 1865 remained outside the Court system in 1900.

Whangarei, by far the largest of the sub-regions and the area with the most known land in customary ownership in 1890, saw the most dramatic slowdown in Court action. During the 1890s, the Court awarded title to 19 mainly small blocks totalling 10,494 acres. This represented just 3 percent of this sub-region's customary land in 1865. This turning away from the Court meant that, in 1900, Whangarei retained the largest

182

amount of customary land (at least 51,414 acres) of the five sub-regions. While vast areas had been titled, 14.7 percent of Maori land in 1865 had been kept out of the Court system.

The Court's titling in the Hokianga sub-region also continued its downward trend. Between 1890 and 1899, the Court established just nine new blocks. However, these few blocks totalled a substantial 13,538 acres. By 1900, the Court had had a massive impact on all parts of Te Raki, including Hokianga. Customary land in this sub-region had dwindled to around 17,973 acres, with 82.5 percent of Maori-owned land in 1865 subsequently clothed in Court title.

Perhaps helped by its strong resistance to Crown purchasing during this period, the Whangaroa sub-region saw little new titling in the 1890s. During the 1890s, the Court did establish seven new blocks but they encompassed only 1,488 acres. This meant that only 2.2 percent of Whangaroa’s customary land in 1865 was passed before the Court in the 1890s. At the turn of the century, Whangaroa Maori retained about 16,912 acres of customary land, 24.8 percent of the total they are known to have possessed in 1865 before the Court was introduced into Te Raki.

Mahurangi remained an outlier among the sub-regions. No customary land was titled during this period because nearly all the Maori-owned land in the area had already been titled and purchased. More than 95 percent of Maori-owned land in 1865 had gone before the Court by the beginning of 1900 and fewer than 2,400 acres of customary land remained.

4.3. Opposition to the Court Opposition by Te Raki Maori to the Court system was a key reason for the downturn in new title determinations in the 1890s. This hostility, which was widespread in the 1880s, grew during this decade as the Court was linked to another wave of Crown purchasing in the area. Many Te Raki Maori were critical of the day-to-day effects of interaction with the Court, including the expense and confusion that had become endemic to the process. More importantly still, they now disapproved of the entire

183

Court system and saw it as an intrinsic part of the land loss, poverty, and disempowerment that afflicted them.

As Nicholas Bayley writes, by the 1890s, even some Crown officials were acknowledging that participation in the Native Land Court process and land sales had not advanced the 'economic security and development of Te Raki Maori’.425 Despite the easing of the nationwide depression in the mid-1890s, they remained impoverished and dependent upon on gum-digging.426 There was little cultivation or land development and: the Native Land Court served to proliferate ineffective individual land title and decimate authority structures in a fundamentally uneconomic manner for Te Raki Maori. A particular legal construction of multiple land ownership refracted practically through increasing fragmentation, fractionation and succession, characterised the new regime.427

According to Bayley, perhaps the most serious problem was that the 'Native Land Court regime precluded Maori from engaging with the emerging opportunities; opening up for pastoral farming’.428

Throughout the decade, there were repeated calls by Te Raki Maori for the Court to be abolished and komiti and runanga empowered to deal with land titling and administration matters. This was the overwhelming view presented to the 1891 Rees- Carroll Commission that was established by the Government to inquire into the workings of the Native Land Acts. Te Raki Maori complained that the Court had distorted their title and caused land loss, with Mary Tautari of Hokianga singling out as an egregious example the awards in the 1870s to individuals who had received advance payments from the Crown.429 At Kawakawa, Wiremu Pomare told the commission that the 'whole of the Nga Puhi people condemn the Native Land Court’.430 At Waimate, Hone Heke Ngapua (Hoani Ngapua Tuhirangi) expressed the 'consensus' view:

425 Bayley, E41, p 96 426 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 1256-1274; Bayley, E41, p 85 427 Bayley, E41, pp 86-87 428 Bayley, E41, p 87 429 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 1181-1182 430 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1180 184

that there should be native Committees to settle the trouble between the people, and the chiefs of Ngapuhi have decided that should be the means of settling the disputes of all sorts.431

The Rees-Carroll Commission reported that, during their inquiries throughout the North Island: The unanimity of the Natives was not merely negative and condemnatory of the past and present – it was also displayed in their wishes for the future. Everywhere they gave substantially the same evidence as to the desire of the tribes regarding the future management of their land. Titles they believe can be found and determined, boundaries can be settled, and lists of owners prepared, by the Maoris themselves, leaving only a few disputed cases to be determined by the Court.432

In 1900, Hone Heke Ngapua, who was the Northern Maori Member of Parliament, wearily remarked on the many fruitless petitions sent to Parliament over the years by his constituents who had a 'very strong objection to the Court' for its 'distortion of Native Customs' and its 'enormous expense’.433

Armstrong and Subasic discuss how anti-Court sentiment in Te Raki was reflected through involvement in the Kotahitanga movement, which advocated a 'system of dual authority in New Zealand' and, most immediately, the abolition of the Native Land Court.434 Kotahitanga-inspired boycotts of the Court were carried out in Te Raki and throughout the North Island. In 1895, its representatives issued a call to all Maori: Cease to sell or lease the land. Neither pass it through the Court, subdivide, nor define individual shares from the commencement to the present. If you will be brave and patient for one year then at last will you reap some reward, insomuch as the bad laws enacted by the present Government for the native people will fail.435

In the 1890s, Te Raki Maori were able to keep most, although not all, of their remaining customary land out of the Court system. In 1891, a scheduled sitting was abandoned when claimants refused to attend due to the distance they had to travel and because

431 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1185 432 Bayley, E41, p 86 433 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 1162 434 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 96 435 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1285 185

they were 'thoroughly sick of the whole business in connection with these Courts’.436 Resident magistrate (and sometimes Native Land Court judge and Crown purchasing agent) James Clendon reported that virtually all the cases gazetted to be heard by the Court at Kawakawa in April 1895 had been withdrawn or adjourned as the 'result of Maori political agitation’.437 Few blocks of any size came before the Court at Whangarei in 1900 because the 'old chiefs' objected to it 'being brought under European law’.438 Throughout the inquiry district, non-Government-sanctioned komiti, including the Committee of the Treaty of Waitangi, continued to adjudicate on land and other issues.439

Even after the death of Maihi Paraone Kawiti in 1889, the Native Land Court remained shut out of the Rohe Potae established around Motatau. The exact size of the Rohe Potae is not clear, but it included what became the Motatau 1-5 blocks, estimated at 84,425 acres and, it would seem, the Kaikou blocks, at over 18,400 acres.440 Moreover, much of the land surrounding the Rohe Potae also remained in customary tenure, rendering this the strong point of anti-Court activity within Te Raki.

In 1891, Maihi's successor, Hoterene Paraone Kawiti, gave evidence to the Rees-Carroll Commission about the 'covenant' of the Rohe Potae that prohibited the Court, surveys, and land sales. He produced a book containing agreements about land matters that local committees had decided upon and commented that 'according to our Native way of holding land we have no trouble, but with the Native Land Court there is trouble’.441

In February 1893, this 'covenant' was under some threat with talk that some Maori would seek, with the Crown's support, a survey of Waiomio land. Hoterene wrote to Native Minister Cadman warning that a 'survey will not be acceptable ... this will never be agreed to’. Should a survey be commenced against the wishes of the leaders of the

436 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 1283-1284 437 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1162 438 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1161 439 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 1158-1160, 1162 440 Clayworth, ‘A History of the Motatau Block c.1880-c.1980’, draft, 21 June 2016, p 29 for Motatau estimates and Master Sheet of Blocks within the Inquiry District for Kaikou estimates. 441 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 1180-1181 186

Rohe Potae, 'blood will be shed and the blame will be on the Government’.442 The strength of Maori resistance meant that the Crown made no moves within the 1890s to push the Court process into the Rohe Potae.

Without the Court system and the threat of land sales, Rohe Potae leaders were able to carry out innovative attempts to communally develop the area. The local leaders of Tautoro (the area that would become the Motatau 5 block) relaxed their prohibition on cattle and sheep farming under pressure from a dynamic new figure, Kaka Porowhini. Porowhini’s community at Orakau attracted others from outside the area, and his ideas about communal farming and development were powerful. Sizeable dairy and sheep herds were established, large areas were communally cleared for grazing, and Kaka introduced a telephone system and later a diesel-driven milking machine. These new economic efforts were supplemented by continuing flax and kauri enterprises within the Rohe Potae, and communally controlled leasing of select areas to Pakeha.443

While anti-Court sentiment seems to have been common throughout Te Raki by the turn of the century, remaining customary land was clustered in a few areas. By far the largest was the area we have just discussed, the Rohe Potae and surrounding lands in the Bay of Islands and Whangarei sub-regions. It included lands near Kawakawa and Kaikohe running southwards and suggests that coordinated, geographically centred resistance to the Court and land sales could make an impact, especially when it benefitted from powerful leadership and a collective ideology.

Lands less attractive to Crown and Pakeha purchasers seem more likely to have stayed out of the Court system. By 1900, there was a cluster of customary land around the shores of Hokianga Harbour and in the south-eastern Bay of Islands down into Whangaruru. This included what became the Whangaruru-Whakaturia block (1,340 acres), part of a small peninsula enclosing Whangaruru Harbour. Terry Hearn characterises this area as rugged, isolated, and mainly forested, and it attracted little

442 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1159 443 Clayworth, ‘A History of the Motatau Block c.1880-c.1980’, draft, 21 June 2016, p pp 46-48 187

Crown purchasing pressure in the nineteenth century.444 Likewise, Anthony Patete's report on Matauri suggests that the area of Whangaroa that remained under customary tenure at 1900 had been largely ignored by Crown purchasing agents and indeed by Crown officials in general.445

Figure 14: Known areas of customary land in 1900

(Source: Modified from Paul Hamer and Paul Meredith, ‘The Power to Settle the Title'?: The Operation of Papatupu Block Committees in the Te Paparahi o Te Raki Inquiry District, 1900-1909’, Wai 1040, A62, Figure 1, p 4)

444 Terry Hearn, ‘Local study: Tuparehuia, Otara, Oteaka, and Whangaruru-Whakaturia’, Waitangi Tribunal, 2016, A59, p 2 445 Patete, ’Matauri’, April 2016 draft, pp 21-22 188

4.4. The Changing Activities of the Court During the 1890s, efforts by Te Raki Maori to shun the Native Land Court strengthened and the amount of new land brought before the Court for titling dropped. Nevertheless, the Court remained a critical element in Maori life and land. Crown purchasing during this period generated an enormous amount of Court activity in terms of titling, partitioning, surveying, and other matters. But the Court process during the 1890s also had a far-reaching impact upon Te Raki land that the Crown did not acquire.

In earlier periods, the Court's predominant role in Te Raki was to award vast areas of previously customary land to individual Maori. By the 1890s, the Court system had largely, although not completely, supplanted customary title in the region. Communal land use and life was gradually undermined as Maori-owned land under the Court system was subdivided into ever smaller and less economically viable pieces.

The Court system was affecting not just land but a new generation of Maori. By the 1890s, many of those awarded interests in land in earlier periods had died and the Court was awarding their interests to successors. The growth in partitions and successions was a major reason why the Court was busier than ever in the 1890s in terms of the amount of cases it was hearing. Specific statistics for Te Raki are not available but the tables and graphs below indicate that the Court between 1865 and 1874 heard 422 separate cases in Te Taitokerau as a whole. In the 1890s, it heard 693.

Many of these new cases were small-scale and, considered in isolation, unremarkable. But collectively, they further fragmented and individualised Maori land and strengthened the hold of the Court system. The table and graph below highlight the change in the nature of Court activities. Between 1865 and 1874, 93.4 percent of Court cases in Te Taitokerau revolved around determining title. By the 1890s, just 22.7 percent of Court cases were title determinations. Partitions and succession issues, once unusual, become commonplace with 266 separate cases recorded in the 1890s. They constituted 38.4 percent of all Court cases in Te Taitokerau while other non-title determination matters, often involving surveying matters, were the focus of a further 39 percent of cases.

189

Table 32: Number of title investigation, partition and succession cases, and other cases dealt with by the Native Land Court in the Te Taitokerau district, in each time period

Time period TI cases Part & succ cases Other cases Total cases % of TI cases % of part & succ cases % of other cases Before 1865 1 1 100.0% 1865-1874 394 14 14 422 93.4% 3.3% 3.3% 1875-1880 338 31 50 419 80.7% 7.4% 11.9% 1881-1889 134 126 32 292 45.9% 43.2% 11.0% 1890-1899 157 266 270 693 22.7% 38.4% 39.0% 1900-1920 15 45 94 154 9.7% 29.2% 61.0% Total cases 1,038 482 461 1,981 (Source: Maori Land Court Minute Books sheet, Appendix F) NB: Excludes one case where time period is unknown and excludes all appeals and rehearings relating to title investigation

Graph 36: Title investigation, partition and succession cases, and other cases as a proportion of all court business by time period, Te Taitokerau district

% of TI cases % of part & succ cases % of other cases

100.0% 3.3% 11.9% 11.0% 90.0% 3.3% 7.4% 80.0% 39.0% 70.0% 43.2% 61.0% 60.0% 50.0% 93.4% 40.0% 80.7% 38.4% 30.0% 29.2% 20.0% 45.9% 10.0% 22.7% 9.7% 0.0% 1865-1874 1875-1880 1881-1889 1890-1899 1900-1920

Even newly-titled blocks were quickly sucked into a morass of additional Court activity including partition hearings, successions cases, and survey debts. In 1894, Eru Nehua led Ngati Hau's application for title over the approximately 5,700-acre Rotomate block in the Whangarei sub-region. While they were awarded much of the block, counter- claimants connected with Ngati Manu were awarded around 1,500 acres. This prompted an appeal and a rehearing in October 1895, which largely upheld the original decision. At this time, the block was subdivided into seven subdivisions with at least 182 different owners. This was only the beginning of the fragmentation of the block,

190 with numerous subdivisions created in the following years and, over time, sold to private purchasers.446

The Native Land Court lacked the personnel and resources to efficiently administer this complex, sometimes chaotic system. Armstrong and Subasic discuss the frustration and protests of Te Raki Maori at the delays, postponements, and socioeconomic disruption that were a feature of Court hearings during this period. The appointment of resident magistrates to act as Native Land Court 'recorders' over non-contested partition and succession cases relieved but did not remove these problems.447

4.5. The Court and the Return of Crown Purchasing

Table 33: Number of known acres purchased by the Crown, Te Raki inquiry district, in each year from 1890 to 1899

Year of purchase deed Acres purchased % of purchased 1890 1891 1892 1,327.0 1.6% 1893 11,128.0 13.7% 1894 4,363.0 5.4% 1895 19,246.0 23.6% 1896 2,974.5 3.7% 1897 26,751.0 32.8% 1898 9,132.0 11.2% 1899 6,552.0 8.0% Total 81,473.5 100.0% (Source: Title determination master sheet with Rigby Crown purchase data, Appendix G)

446 Armstrong, P1, pp 35-37 447 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 1162-1166 191

Graph 37: Number of known acres purchased by the Crown, Te Raki inquiry district, in each year from 1890 to 1899

50000 45000 40000 35000

30000 26,751.0 25000 19,246.0 20000 15000

Acres purchased 11,128.0 9,132.0 10000 6,552.0 4,363.0 2,974.5 5000 1,327.0 0 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 Year

The slowdown in titling limited, but did not prevent, a new wave of Crown purchasing in Te Raki in the 1890s. During this decade, the Crown purchased 81,473.5 acres of Te Raki land. While not at the same level as the land rush that began in Te Raki in 1875, it still constituted a significant blow to the tribal estate and economic future of Te Raki Maori. By the 1890s, they had already lost much of their land. Indeed, Armstrong and Subasic argue that, as early as 1876, Maori in the inquiry region were dangerously short of land and that every acre lost after that, including the 81,473.5 acres in the 1890s, damaged their ability to engage with 'the new settler economy from a position of equality.’448 The land losses of the 1890s only worsened the deepening poverty and economic marginalisation afflicting Te Raki Maori.449

448 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 769 449 Bayley, E41, pp 65-106; Alexander, A7, pp 110-205 in particular; Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 1117-1129, 1134-1135 in particular 192

Table 34: Average number of awardees per block titled by the Native Land Court in the 1890–1899 period, Te Raki inquiry district

Time period Average No. awardees 1865-1874 4.2 1875-1880 7.9 1881-1889 22.1 1890-1899 55.2 1900-1920 128.8 After 1920 23.9 (Source: SOPAC sheet, #1.3.2(c)) Excludes 55 blocks where title data is unknown

Graph 38: Average number of awardees per block titled by the Native Land Court in the 1890–1899 period, Te Raki inquiry district

160.0

140.0 128.8

120.0

100.0

80.0

60.0 55.2

40.0 22.1 23.9 20.0 4.2 7.9 0.0 1865-1874 1875-1880 1881-1889 1890-1899 1900-1920 After 1920

The Native Land Court system played a vital part in this land loss albeit in a new and different way from the 1870s. The essential link between the Court and Maori land loss remained the same. The Court issued legal title to individual Maori who could then sell their interests without reference to the wider community. What changed was the number of Maori in Te Raki being awarded interests in a given block and then selling those interests. In the mid-1870s, blocks were awarded on average to less than eight individual Maori. The number was lower still for those blocks purchased by the Crown. As discussed, the Crown frequently purchased large areas awarded to a single or a handful of owners. But by the 1890s, the Court was awarding blocks in Te Raki to more than 55 owners on average. The most important purchases during this period involved

193

the Crown gradually acquiring the interests of hundreds of individual owners. Thus, a new form of Court-inspired individualisation and land sales had taken hold. Native Land Court title had created large groups of individual owners who lacked the ability to act as a corporate whole.450 These individuals, as a rule, did not control their own distinct, viable piece of land. They were tenants in common, stuck in what Alan Ward terms the 'pseudo-individualisation' of the Court system in which individuals could sell but not individually utilise their interests.451 They often saw little way of deriving benefit from their land except through selling their interests. The 1890s saw the Crown's purchasing agents in Te Raki gradually and cumulatively acquiring numerous individual shares of land. The Crown would then apply for the Court to define and 'cut out' these interests. By this method, the Crown's acquisition of undivided interests turned into large, very real additions to the Crown's estate.

The change in the number of title awardees/land-sellers was part of a broader shift in the interaction between Crown purchasing and the Court process. It could be said that, in the mid-1870s, Crown purchasing agents set the agenda and the Court followed. Crown purchasing of the land often began before title determination, and influenced, implicitly or explicitly, whom the block was awarded to. In many cases pre-hearing negations between purchasing agents and a few would-be sellers, often accompanied by advance payments, resulted in Court hearings in which large areas in Te Raki were awarded to a single or a small number of individuals who quickly completed the sale of land to the Crown.

The Crown's purchasing technique had changed by the 1890s, and so had its relationship with the Court. However, the ultimate result of that interaction – Te Raki Maori losing large areas of land without their clear communal approval – remained the same. In the 1890s, the titling process came first and Crown purchasing agents followed afterwards. Blocks purchased in this period had not been subject to pre-title arrangements and advance payments. The title hearings were not just an attempt to facilitate pre-arranged land sales. Instead, large numbers of Maori received title to land

450 The Native Land Court Act 1894, section 112, belatedly introduced a limited form of incorporation. This had little obvious effect in Te Raki during this period. 451 Ward, National Overview, vol 1, p 9 194

after often adversarial Court battles. While Crown agents already had their eye on some of these blocks, they were content to wait until the titling process was complete before they moved to purchase.

This new relationship between Crown purchasing and the Court was part of what Alan Ward described as a 'streamlined and efficient set of procedures that proved highly effective in alienating Maori land’. Most crucially, the Crown was empowered to purchase undivided shares in Maori land and then apply to the Court to partition out its share of the block. Used in much of the North Island in the 1880s, these new purchasing techniques took hold in Te Raki in the 1890s. They were at the heart of the Liberal Government's purchasing programme of that decade, which saw an estimated 2,729,000 acres of Maori land purchased nationwide by the Crown, and another 423,184 acres sold or leased to Europeans. Ward estimates that 28 percent of remaining Maori land nationwide was alienated in the 1890s.452

Crown purchasing in Te Raki, as elsewhere, was motivated by a desire to transfer Maori land, often considered unoccupied and unproductive, to Pakeha farmers and settlers.453 It would seem that the Crown was also keen to break down the few sizeable clusters of customary land remaining in Te Raki, especially in the Whangarei sub-region. It targeted some lands, such as Omaunu No. 2 and Parahirahi for their mineral resources. As shown below, the dominant issue for Crown officials was often how to obtain suitable lands at low prices. They exhibited less obvious concern about what these purchases would mean for Te Raki Maori.

The Crown achieved most, although not all, of its purchasing goals during this period. Most acquisitions were the result of the gradual, systematic acquisition of individual interests. On occasion, the Crown was able to pick off each individual share and acquire the entire block. More commonly, at least some of the owners would refuse to sell. The Crown would then return to the Court and have its interests and the interests of the non-sellers partitioned into defined areas.

452 Ward, National Overview, vol 2, pp 245-246; Paul Husbands and James Stuart Mitchell, 'The Native Land Court, Land Titles and Crown Land Purchasing in the Rohe Potae district, 1866–1907', Waitangi Tribunal, 2011, Wai 898, A79, p 231 453 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 1144-1147 195

This purchasing and partitioning process led to substantial land acquisition by the Crown, but left non-sellers in an invidious position. The portions awarded to them by the Court were often neither economically viable nor, it would seem, advantageously located. Non-sellers frequently had to pay costs for the survey of their subdivisions, even if the partition process had been started by the Crown or by other Maori owners. Nor did they, as a rule, come out with their own individual plot. Instead, they continued to be joint tenants in common with other Maori albeit over ever-diminishing areas.

Moreover, the partitioning process made the remaining Maori-owned land less rather than more secure. Crown purchasers would often return to acquire the areas awarded to non-sellers or purchase some of their interests, thus setting off another round in the cycle of Crown-initiated partitions, land fragmentation, and sales. The largest Crown purchase in Te Raki in this decade was not in fact a single purchase at all. Barry Rigby catalogues 29 separate Crown purchases between 1895 and 1899 within the Whatitiri block in the Whangarei sub-region. As we shall see, this involved the Court carrying out multiple partitions of seller and non-seller interests. The end result of this enormously complex and literally divisive process was that the Crown acquired at least 15,670 acres of the 21,362-acre block. While Maori retained around a quarter of the land, their holdings were scattered into numerous small, isolated parcels hemmed in by Crown- owned land.454

The overwhelming power of the Crown appears to have made it difficult for individual Maori to protect their interests in these partition hearings. As discussed later in this chapter, by August 1897, the Crown had purchased 53 of the 54 shares in Omaunu No. 2 (2,321 acres). Only one non-seller stood against the Crown. The Crown viewed her refusal to sell as unreasonable and exhibited little concern for her future. Purchase agent J S Clendon was instructed by his superiors to attend the Court and ensure that the dissentient owner was not awarded land in a location that would hinder the Crown's ambitions for the block. As Clendon subsequently reported, he was able to achieve this quite satisfactorily.455

454 Rigby, A56, Appendix A, pp 9-10; Berghan, A39(h), pp 356, 358 455 Berghan, A39(d), p 103 196

Figure 15: Parahirahi and other Native Land Court blocks at Ngawha

(Source: Waitangi Tribunal, The Ngawha Geothermal Resource 1993, (Wellington: Legislation Direct, 1993), Figure 2, p 23)

The case of Parahirahi suggests some of the dangers to Te Raki Maori of these partition hearings and raises questions about whether the Court was sufficiently rigorous in protecting Maori interests. Crown agents had unsuccessfully tried to purchase all the shares in this block out of fear that non-sellers could be awarded areas incorporating and near the Ngawha thermal springs that were sacred to Ngapuhi and much desired by the Crown. They need not have worried. On 15 October 1894, a partition hearing to divide Crown and non-seller interests was adjourned because many of the non-sellers were too old to travel to the Whangarei courtrooms. The Court agreed to reschedule at

197

Kawakawa but the Crown warned that this hearing and the partition would go ahead whether the non-sellers were present or not.456

While some non-sellers were indeed present at Kawakawa, the sellers were not. It is questionable whether they were aware that the sale of their interests and the Court's partitions could finish their legal connection to the springs. After 'exceptionally difficult' discussions with the non-sellers, the Crown's representative, Gilbert Mair, was able to secure an arrangement that satisfied the Crown but which has proved a continuing source of grievance for Maori with connections to the land and the springs.457

The Court awarded 4,290 acres to the Crown, including nearly all the block's most valuable parts such as four acres of the five-acre thermal springs area. The non-sellers were left with land of little economic value, and Mair reported that he had convinced them not to seek the land most desired by the Crown. The non-sellers’ portions included land 'utterly unfitted for cultivations in any part’.458 The process had been so pressured and problematic that the Court awarded to the Crown areas that included Maori kainga and cultivations.459

The Court process failed to adequately protect the interests of Maori in other ways. No reserves in Te Raki were issued from Crown purchases during this period.460 The Court awarded title to many new blocks without alienation restrictions, and these blocks were subsequently purchased. On the other hand, the earlier alienation restrictions it had imposed were increasingly ineffective. This was at least partially a result of legislation. In the late 1880s and 1890s, more than 15 provisions were enacted making it generally easier to have alienation restrictions on Maori land removed or varied.461 These included the Native Land Purchases Act 1892 which gave the Governor the power to

456 Waitangi Tribunal, The Ngawha Geothermal Resource 1993 (Wellington: Legislation Direct, 1993), pp 46-47 457 Waitangi Tribunal, The Ngawha Geothermal Resource 1993, p 51 458 Waitangi Tribunal, The Ngawha Geothermal Resource 1993, p 51 459 Waitangi Tribunal, The Ngawha Geothermal Resource 1993, pp 51-61. This led to later land exchanges. 460 Rigby, A56, Appendix B 461 Ward, National Overview, vol 2, p 275 198

remove or declare void, without the consent of the Maori owners, any restrictions for the purpose of sale to the Crown.462

But during this period the Court seemed, at times, indifferent to the issue of whether the Crown was attempting to acquire reserved or restricted land. For instance, in October 1896 the Court awarded the Crown 477 acres of Horahora No. 2 in the Whangarei sub- region. Ann Beaglehole was unable to find evidence on why the alienation restrictions on this block were overridden or of any Court inquiry into the matter.463 The Court in 1885 declared Parahirahi A and Parahirahi C, including areas encompassing the taonga of the Ngawha thermal springs, subject to alienation restrictions. Despite this, the Crown shortly afterwards began purchasing shares in the lands. Both Donald Loveridge and Rose Daamen found no record that the issue of the restrictions was ever raised by the Court in the following eight and a half years of Crown purchasing. Indeed, the Court, without comment, witnessed Crown payments on the restricted land. In 1894, the Court awarded the Crown interests in Parahirahi, including land restricted in 1885. In 1945, a Native Land Court inquiry rejected complaints by Maori with connections to Parahirahi about this issue on the grounds that it was standard practice in the 1890s for restricted land to be acquired by the Crown without the restrictions being legally lifted. Loveridge concurred that this was indeed a common practice.464

The Crown's land acquisition, and its new relationship with the Court, was shaped by a raft of legislation. The Native Land Court Act 1886 made it legal again for the Crown to purchase individual, undefined shares.465 The Crown's ability to apply to the Court to partition out the interests it had purchased and determine them in a proportionate area was re-established and extended by the Native Land Court Act 1886 Amendment Act 1888 and the Native Land Court Act 1894.466 The latter Act also essentially re- established Crown pre-emption. Pre-emption allowed the Crown to purchase land for lower prices and restricted Maori ability to utilise the land, most notably by banning leasing to Europeans – which many Te Raki Maori leaders considered was the only form

462 Husbands and Mitchell, Wai 898, A79, pp 231-232 463 Beaglehole, 'Horahora Block History', June 2016 draft, pp 51, 56, 59 464 Loveridge, E5, pp 118-119, 121-122; Daamen, E1, pp 22, 32, 36, 44, 47. This issue is discussed in Waitangi Tribunal, The Ngawha Geothermal Resource 1993. 465 Ward, National Overview, vol 2, p 247 466 Williams, Te Kooti Tango Whenua, Appendix 7 199 of land alienation that should be allowed.467 The resumption of pre-emption had another significant effect on Te Raki and the Court process. As private purchasers were locked out of the market, the Crown had less incentive to issue advance payments before title determination.468

Crown purchase agents proved highly skilled in taking advantage of the legislation and the Court system – and of Maori economic needs and poverty – to acquire land. When purchasing was about to begin, they would often contact the Court for lists of owners and other useful information.469 The Survey Department also provided advice on how much money should be offered for a block. The Crown generally set a maximum price for a block based on a rate calculated in shillings per acre. Court lists were used to ascertain what each owner's shares represented in terms of acreage and therefore how much they should be offered. It is worth reiterating that the Crown generally purchased undivided shares in land rather than distinct pieces of land. The Court had sometimes defined the relative interests of the owners (i.e., what percentage of the land their shares equated to) but it seems that, more commonly, relative interests were not defined, and the Crown purchasers acted on the basis that the owners held equal shares.

The Crown purchase agents used the gathered information and local knowledge to identify specific owners who they would target first, in an attempt to create a snowball effect of individuals selling their interests. A common tactic was to deal initially with chiefs and prominent figures in the Court process, both to buy their shares and to enlist them to encourage other owners to do the same. This could have dramatic effects. As discussed below, the Crown's purchase of Omaunu No. 2 block appeared to be floundering until it gained the signature of the leading owner, Taniora Arapata.

It would appear that the Crown purchasing process during this period deepened divisions between chief and community and encouraged rangatira to ignore their traditional responsibilities. In order to enlist their support, the Crown paid some leading owners higher prices for their shares and provided them with expenses and

467 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 1201, 1257, 1281 468 Williams, Te Kooti Tango Whenua, Appendix 9; Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 1146, 1157-1158 469 Berghan, A39(d), p 338 200

other benefits.470 The Tribunal has remarked, for instance, that during the Parahirahi purchase the Te Uriohua chief Hirini Taiwhanga was a: free ranging entrepreneur, acting as middle man between the Land Purchase Office and his co-owners while at the same time taking a commission for his trouble.471

The desire of Crown purchasers to 'break the ice' with initial purchases from leaders was especially strong in blocks with hundreds of owners. Te Awaroa No. 1 and Te Awaroa No. 2 in the Hokianga sub-region had at least 227 owners. Crown purchase agent C F Maxwell focused his initial efforts around Wiremu and Remi Te Tai, 'influential' owners whose example he believed would induce others to sell.472

Some of those chiefs who played a leading role in encouraging sales were personally in need of money. The Te Parawhau chief Taurau Te Kukupa encouraged some of the key Crown purchases and title determinations in the Whangarei district during this period. Aged and unwell, he told the Crown that he 'had no money for his present support' and was desperate to sell his considerable land interests and receive as much as money as possible.473

But chiefs also helped the Crown buy land because they saw no other way to save their people from starvation. As we shall see, many of the Court hearings and land purchases in Te Raki during the 1890s centred on the poverty-ridden Mangakahia area. In February 1895, Komene Matiu Te Aranui and Hore Mokena Wharepapa urged the Crown to quickly buy the Tarakiekie and Oue No. 2 blocks. They wrote: We have no money and our people have no stores & no food, the winter is coming on and Mangakahia is far from good roads, we do not wish our people to starve, we wish to sell our lands & buy food for them.474

470 Waitangi Tribunal, Ngawha Geothermal Resource Report 1993, pp 40, 45-6; Berghan, A39(f), p 110 when a 'principal owner' offered to sell the Crown the shares of a number of people. In this case, the Crown declined. 471 Waitangi Tribunal, Ngawha Geothermal Resource Report 1993, p 24 472 Berghan, A39(c), pp 56-57 473 Berghan, A39(c), pp 340-341 474 Jane Luiten, 'Mimitu-Ruarei: a local study', report commissioned by the Waitangi Tribunal (Wai 1040), September 2016 draft, p 15 201

The Crown also acquired shares and purchasing momentum by focusing on those who did not live on the land or had been placed on the title only out of 'aroha'. Absentee owners were sometimes among the first to sell their shares. Paihia Pukerewa and two others complained to the Crown in 1892 that it was acquiring shares in Motukaraka East from those who had been included in the title out of 'a feeling of pity and kindness' and lacked true connection to the land.475 Successors named by the Court could expect to be quickly approached by Crown purchasing agents.476

Impoverished or debt-ridden owners frequently approached the Crown offering to sell their shares. The Crown would accept if it believed the shares to be the start of it acquiring a worthwhile and sizeable piece of land. However, it generally did not buy just a few shares as an end in itself, as it saw little economic worth in incurring the survey and other costs of acquiring small areas.

However, the costs of the Court process bore most heavily on Maori. Te Raki owners incurred considerable expenses and debt through surveys and attending hearings. Another issue during this period was the rates that became chargeable on Maori land once it had been titled. These debts accumulated and contributed to land loss. In 1897, the 1,028-acre Motukaraka West A block in Hokianga was awarded to 99 Maori. To pay for survey charges and hearing expenses accrued during this and a related case, the 775-acre Motukaraka West B was set aside to be sold by two trustees, namely the chief surveyor and a leading owner.477

Survey costs commonly contributed to individuals selling their interests and were another way in which the Court contributed to the Crown's land purchasing agenda. The Surveyor General would apply to the Court for survey charging orders to recover unpaid costs incurred by his department while surveying Maori-owned land. To ensure these charges were paid, the Court placed survey liens on the land. Under the Native

475 Berghan, A39(d), p 342 476 Berghan, A39(e), p 99 477 Berghan, A39(d), pp 349-350 202

Land Court Acts of 1886 and 1894, accruing interest could be levied interest on unpaid survey charges.478

Impoverished owners had few ways to pay off these debts apart from selling their rights in the land. In April 1885, the Native Land Court awarded the Papakauri block (1,012 acres) in the Bay of Islands sub-region to well over 200 individuals. None of the owners could guarantee payment of the necessary surveys, so the certificate of title was not issued until 1887. It would seem that the Crown eventually carried out the surveys and the Court issued a survey charging order and survey lien on the land. The owners, individually and collectively, proved unable to repay this debt. On a number of occasions, Papakauri owners approached the Crown requesting to sell their shares so as to wipe out their part of the survey debt. On 10 July 1895, some owners wrote that they would take a lower price for their interests so that they could avoid having to pay rates on the land.479

The Crown repeatedly declined to buy their interests, acting on the Surveyor General's advice that the Papakauri block was of poor quality and it was not worth the Crown's time and money to laboriously approach the many owners. However, in 1894, Maori requested that the Court partition the block. This both deepened Maori debt and encouraged the Crown to acquire some of the subdivisions. Among the subdivisions created were two distinct and equal blocks of 251 acres, each owned by just two Maori. The owners were unable to pay their survey debts and in 1895 offered the Crown these subdivisions, with the survey costs to be deducted from the price. The Crown, judging that this would likely be the only way it could gain some advantage or repayment from the survey debts, and noting that another subdivision in the area was of 'very fair quality' with owners willing to sell, began attempting to buy parts of Papakauri, offering two shillings per acre less the survey liens.480

Armstrong and Subasic provide a number of other examples of rates and surveys contributing to land sales in this period. The Crown was initially uninterested in

478 Husbands and Mitchell, Wai 898, A79, pp 242-243 479 Berghan, A39(f), pp 109-110. The block was divided into two, with each part having more than 100 owners. 480 Berghan, A39(f), pp 108-113; Armstrong and Subasic A12, p 1152 203 acquiring the 3,226-acre Kaurinui No. 3 block. In 1899, a few of the block's 270 owners approached Maxwell and asked him to reconsider. They were unable to pay the rates on the block or their portion of the survey debt, which was £87 3s 9d plus interest. Having judged in the circumstances that the land could be easily and cheaply obtained, Maxwell was authorised to acquire the land for 2s 6d per acre with the survey lien deducted.481 Similarly, the Crown purchased the 1,106 acre Maraekura block in September 1895 for £221 after deducting a survey lien of £72.482

481 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1153 482 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1153 204

Figure 16: The Mangakahia No. 2 and Whatatiri Blocks

205

4.6. Mangakahia No. 2 and Whatitiri The cases of Mangakahia No. 2 (13,987 acres) and Whatitiri (21,362), two of the largest Te Raki blocks to be titled during the 1890s, reveal much about the connection between the Court and Crown purchasing in this period. Despite requests by Te Raki leaders and prospective land-sellers, the Crown refused to make advance payments or influence the titling process in these blocks. Certainly, the Crown did encourage Maori to place these blocks before the Court and, even before the hearings, had resolved to purchase them. Nonetheless, it maintained a strict neutrality over the issue of which individual Maori would be awarded the block.

Crown purchasing did not begin until title had been awarded to the blocks. The Crown's purchasing agents then sought to acquire the interests of the hundreds of individual owners. Their task was smoothed by the owners' poverty, Court-related debts, and inability to reap economic benefit from these lands. Nonetheless, some owners refused to sell. The Crown therefore returned, repeatedly in the case of Whatitiri, to the Court to have its interests in the blocks defined and awarded. This programme of piecemeal purchase and partition led to the Crown acquiring the vast majority of Mangakahia No. 2 and Whatitiri. Indeed, these were the Crown's two major purchases in Te Raki during the 1890s.

The Court's 'pseudo- individualisation' of Maori title created the framework that Crown purchasing agents so ably exploited.483 Moreover, Crown-initiated partitions created small areas of non-sellers’ land that were economically unviable and surrounded by Crown-owned areas. This resulted in further partitions and purchases that continued throughout the twentieth century, with the Court dividing the remnants of Maori-owned land in Mangakahia No. 2 and Whatitiri into ever-smaller pieces. These were often acquired by individual Pakeha.

As outlined in chapter two, the broader Mangakahia region had been transformed by large-scale title determinations and land sales during the mid-1870s. Nevertheless, a

483 Ward, National Overview, vol 1, p 9 206

few sizeable areas of customary land remained and by the 1890s antipathy towards the Court and land sales was powerful.

This resistance came under great stress due to Maori poverty and the Crown's purchasing push. In the early 1890s, Te Parawhau chief Taurau Kukupa approached the Crown about selling large areas of land including what would become Mangakahia No. 2 and Whatitiri. This was a provocative move. There had long been sometimes violent tribal and chiefly disputes over rights in the Mangakahia area, while Whatitiri in the Poroti area to the east was also vigorously contested and contained important taonga including the Whatitiri maunga and the Poroti Springs.

The Crown certainly wanted to see these lands titled and sold. So did the aged Taurau who was in urgent need of money and had become intertwined with an ambitious land agent from Whangarei, A R Cooke. Senior Crown officials in the early 1890s were bemoaning the reluctance of Maori in the area to pass their land before the Court and to enter into land sales. Cooke, to the appreciation of Native Minister Alfred Cadman, was promising that he could arrange the purchase of interests in a number of large blocks, including what would become Mangakahia No. 2 and Whatitiri, to be titled and sold.484

This, and the encouragement of the Crown, appears to have pushed some of Taurau's rivals towards the Court. In 1893 and 1894, Premier Richard Seddon travelled through the broader region explaining the Government's desire to settle Pakeha on 'barren and untitled' Maori land.485 He told Poroti hapu that land titling and sales would see their poverty replaced by advancement and that: the time has come when we should no longer permit whole tracts of country to remain in a state of nature – unoccupied by yourself or by Europeans – simply lying in a state of waste. It is no good to the Natives. Although wealthy in land ... [you] are practically poor, living in a state of destitution.486

484 Berghan, A39(d), p 48 485 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1145 486 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1145; See ‘Pakeha and Maori: A Narrative of the Premier's Trip through the Native Districts of the North Island‘, AJHR, 1895, G1, see pp 17-19 for Seddon on Court titling as the key to Maori advancement. 207

By mid-1894, the Whatitiri and Mangakahia No. 2 blocks were being surveyed, and often fractious preparations for Court hearings were under way. Quite clearly, at least some of the main protagonists were seeking title in order to sell land. They repeatedly asked for advance payments and Taurau promised that if he (and presumably his supporters) were awarded the blocks, they would sell them immediately to the Crown.487 In September 1894, chiefs of the Uriohua hapu requested an advance of £200 from the Crown on the 'surplus portion' of the Whatitiri block.488

The response from Native Purchase Department Under-Secretary Sheridan was emphatic. The Crown would buy the blocks if the price was right, but it would not begin negotiations until after the Native Land Court had ascertained title.489 Sheridan had been advised by Surveyor General Percy Smith that the blocks contained some good quality land although ownership had long been disputed and title was likely to be contested. Sheridan therefore instructed his agents to be ready to negotiate as soon as title was complete but not to offer advance payments, which would be ‘contrary to law and would be regarded by the parties not participating in the advance as a want of impartiality on the part of the Government.’490

Sheridan considered advance payments to be not only improper but also ineffective and wasteful. He feared that the Government would lose large sums if it made advance payments to Maori who, after Court titling, were not in a legal position to sell the land. He stated that advance payments had lost the Crown much money in the past and had therefore not been a feature of its purchasing policy since the late 1870s.491 The Crown had instead developed, in Sheridan's view, a more effective way to acquire land, by waiting until the Court issued title and then acquiring it.

The Crown therefore pursued a non-partisan stance as the hearings drew closer. Senior Government ministers sought a 'neutral' ground for the Whatitiri hearings amid fears

487 Berghan, A39(d), pp 46, 48 488 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1147 489 Berghan, A39(d), pp 46-47, Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 1171 490 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1171 491 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1171 208 that it might boil over into conflict.492 In January 1895, Taurau and others appealed for Sheridan to approach the Court and recommend that Mangakahia No. 2 be granted to them.493 Such an appeal may have been considered in the mid-1870s but there is nothing to suggest that Sheridan entertained the idea in the 1890s.

Sheridan's conclusion that the Crown could acquire large amounts of land without issuing advance payments or become intertwined in the titling process was borne out by subsequent events. Around July 1895, the Court awarded Mangakahia 2A (5,000 acres) to 150 owners and Mangakahia 2B (8,987 acres) to 58 owners.494 Berghan's block narrative does not provide much detail about the Court hearings but reveals that the Crown, after title was issued, moved immediately and smoothly towards acquiring individual interests. We have already seen that the hunger and poverty afflicting Mangakahia at this time was leading to desperate efforts to sell land to the Crown. By the winter of 1896, the school teacher at Oruoru was reporting that the 'unfortunate people are actually starving for want of food!'495 Owners seem to have sold their interests both to buy food and also to pay off their survey debts, which the Crown carefully calculated and subtracted from the purchase price.496

By July 1896, all but 33 of the 208 owners of Mangakahia 2A and 2B had sold their interests to the Crown. The pressure on the rest to sell was increased when the Crown took action to stop non-sellers from generating income from the block though cutting down timber. However, the non-sellers remained defiant and the Crown applied for the Court to partition out its share of Mangakahia 2.497

In October 1896, the Court awarded the Crown Mangakahia 2A1 (4,225 acres) and Mangakahia 2B1 (7,290 acres). In total these were 11,515 acres of the original 13,987- acre block. The 11 owners of Mangakahia 2B who declined to sell were awarded

492 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 1172-1174 493 Berghan, A39(d), p 48 494 Berghan, A39(d), p 48 495 Luiten, 'Mimitu-Ruarei: a local study', draft, September 2016, p 15 496 Berghan, A39(d), p 48 497 Berghan, A39(d), p 49 209

Mangakahia 2B2 (1,696 acres). The interests of the 22 non-sellers in Mangakahia 2A were split into four separate areas totalling 772 acres.498

This was certainly not the end of the alienation and fragmentation of Maori-owned land in Mangakahia No. 2. From 1900 onwards, the rump of the block belonging to Te Raki Maori was repeatedly divided into ever-diminishing parcels. Many of these fragments were then purchased or leased by Pakeha. According to Berghan's research, 18 fragments of Mangakahia 2 are currently Maori land. The largest, Mangakahia 2B2No 2F2B, is just over 253 acres. Most are considerably smaller.499

Crown purchasing in the Whatatiri block followed a similar if more complex pattern. The first step was a lengthy title investigation hearing at Whangarei in November and December 1894 that caused considerable socioeconomic disruption and saw the Court award the block to four parties. The largest portions were awarded to those associated with the case led by Taurau and Pouaka Parore on behalf of Te Parawhau and related groups, and also to those associated with the 'Te Uriroroi' claim. By February 1895, the Court had named hundreds of individual owners and defined how many shares they held in the land.500

Crown purchasing began soon afterwards in a block that a Pakeha observer termed the 'best piece of volcanic land in the north’. Many of its Maori owners were reported to be in 'poor circumstances' and short of food. Their economic position was further threatened by the reintroduction of pre-emption, which had stopped their leasing of parts of the block to Pakeha farmers, and by the costs of travelling to and residing in Whangarei during the title hearing.501 In such circumstances, the small amount of money offered by the Crown to each individual owner was no doubt tempting.

Nonetheless, it would take years of Crown attempts, Court hearings, and partitions to undermine most of the opposition to selling in Whatitiri. By September 1895, the Crown had been able to acquire the interests of just a few of the many owners. The Court

498 Berghan, A39(d), p 49 499 Berghan, A39(d), pp 50-56 500 Berghan, A39(h), pp 348-349; Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1175 501 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 1174-1175 210 awarded the Crown three portions totalling 850 acres (plus a small portion Maori provided for a school.) At the same partition hearing, the Maori-owned land in the block was subdivided into 17 pieces. Some were relatively large but owned by hundreds of individuals. For example, Whatitiri No. 13 was 9,588 acres and had 330 owners and Whatitiri No. 12 was 5,720 acres with 103 owners. Other blocks were smaller and owned by one or a handful of Maori.502 Three months later, further Court partitioning and Crown purchasing radically reshaped the larger Maori holdings. In December 1895, Whatitiri No. 13 was divided into almost 50 pieces, with one awarded to the Crown. Around the same time, Whatitiri No. 12 was divided into 18 parcels, two of which were awarded to the Crown.503

This set the stage for the Crown to step up its purchase of individual interests and non- viable subdivisions. Despite years of endeavour by purchase officer Maxwell, the Crown was never able to extinguish all Maori interests in Whatitiri. What it did achieve was the purchase in stages of most of the block and the transformation of the rest beyond any rational recognition. According to Rigby, 29 separate Crown purchases of Whatitiri were gazetted between 1895 and 1899.504 Even this does not quite capture how drawn out the purchasing process was and the absence of any collective decision by Whatitiri's owners to sell the land. In 1899, Maxwell listed hundreds of separate payments he had made to Whatitiri owners since 1897. These payments had taken place on 83 separate dates. On some days, he purchased shares from a number of different owners. On other occasions, he acquired interests from a single individual. The amounts he paid them varied between £2 and £250.505

This process of buying up shares was so complex, and the Maori role in it was so decentralised, that even the experienced Maxwell sometimes made payment errors. In July 1898, he apologised to his superiors for making a mistake when copying the Court's lists regarding the owners and their relative interests in Whatitiri No 13J. This had led Maxwell to pay Eru Hiri just over £34 instead of the £27 he was 'entitled' to.506

502 Berghan, A39(h) p 350 503 Berghan, A39(h), p 350-352 504 Rigby, A56, Appendix A, pp 9-10 505 Berghan, A39(h), pp 356-358 506 Berghan, A39(h), p 352 211

The multiple purchases led to multiple Court hearings and partitions. Over time, the Crown was awarded more and more parts of Whatitiri while the diminishing Maori holdings became fragmented and isolated from each other. By 1899, non-sellers were complaining that their holdings had been left in small pieces surrounded by Crown- owned land. As Maxwell acknowledged, Crown purchase and Court awards had left owners 'hemmed in by Pakehas' and desperate to exchange land so that they could have coherent areas and kainga where they could live together.507 The Crown delayed considering their request until the Court had completed partitioning out its interests. Over five successive days in August 1899, the Court created at least new 55 subdivisions. Of these, 43 were awarded to the Crown, and 12 to Maori.508

By 1899, Crown purchasing in Whatitiri and in Te Raki as a whole was drawing to a halt. The Court would continue in the twentieth century to further divide the diminishing Maori holdings in Whatitiri. Fragmentation encouraged further purchasing, although this was carried out by individual Pakeha rather than by the Crown. Berghan suggests that today there are 30 separate parcels of remaining Maori land within the original Whatitiri block, ranging from 124 acres to an acre or less in size.509

507 Berghan, A39(h), p 358 508 Berghan, A39(h), pp 354-355 509 Berghan, A39(h), pp 366-367 212

Figure 17: The Kauaeranga and Ngaturipukunui Blocks

213

4.7. Kauaeranga and Ngaturipukunui The acquisition of the Kauaeranga (3,672 acres) and Ngaturipukunui (462 acres) blocks were an exception to the general pattern of this period in which the Crown secured Te Raki land through purchasing the individual interests of large numbers of owners. To acquire these two blocks, purchase agents took belated advantage of the Court's titling policy of the mid-1870s.

As discussed in chapter two, the Court in the mid-1870s regularly awarded large areas of Te Raki land to a single Maori owner who then immediately sold or leased the land. Many of these single awardees and vendors were prominent chiefs. There is not enough evidence to say emphatically whether these title awards and subsequent transactions were collectively supported by all those with customary rights to the land. Nonetheless, in some cases at least, these chiefs had been selected by other Te Raki Maori as their representatives or trustees on the title. Te Raki Maori were attempting to transform individual title under the Court system into something that reflected their communal and chiefly culture.

Legally, however, these individuals held the status of absolute owners and were entitled to enter into transactions without the consent or approval of those they represented. This ability to sell without consulting the wider group gave these chiefs – and, in the particular cases of Kauaeranga and Ngaturipukunui, their legal successors – unparalleled power. It also meant that the personal vulnerabilities and material needs of a few individuals could lead, immediately or after decades, to the loss of large areas of Maori-owned land.

On 5 July 1877, the Native Land Court awarded the prominent Te Parawhau-affiliated chief Te Tirarau Kukupa sole ownership of the Kauaeranga and Ngaturipukunui (or Turipukunui) blocks in east Pipiwai. The title determination was uncontested and quick.510 Around this time, Te Tirarau was being awarded title to a number of blocks in the Whangarei sub-region, some of which he immediately sold to the Crown. However, in this case, the Court hearing was not the prelude to a sale but instead was a way to

510 Berghan, A39(c), pp 334-335 214

formalise a pre-arranged timber deal with a Pakeha-owned company. A few days after receiving title, Te Tirarau signed a 21-year timber lease over Kauaeranga and Ngaturipukunui. He received the proceeds for the timber lease, some of which, it would seem, he distributed to others who held (non-legally recognised) rights to the land. Certainly, some Maori with ties to the blocks considered Te Tirarau their representative in the timber deal, and supported the title arrangement solely for that reason. They did not, at least according to later letters and petitions, see Te Tirarau as the sole owner of the blocks, on which many of them continued to live and cultivate.511

For some years, the leasing and titling arrangement seems to have gone according to plan. Maori lived on and used the land with Te Tirarau handling the leasing arrangements. When the chief died, the Court awarded the land to two of his relatives, Taurau Kukupa and Tito Tirarau. According to subsequent claims, they too were seen by other Maori as trustees for the timber deal and not as sole owners. They had apparently been selected by the Te Parawhau and Te Uriroroi hapu to succeed Te Tirarau on the title.512

But, by the early 1890s, Taurau was old, unwell, and in urgent want of money. The kauri from the blocks had been largely cut, and the lease, while still technically in place, seems to have no longer been profitable. Perhaps most fatefully, Taurau was involved with the land agent A R Cooke, who was frantically trying to sell off as much of 'Taurau's land’ to the Crown as possible. Neither the chief nor the land agent indicated to the Crown that Taurau represented others, rather, he was presented as the dominant figure in the area entitled to sell or make use of the land as he saw fit.

Cooke tried a number of gambits to entice the Crown to buy Kauaeranga and Ngaturipukunui. He warned that if the Crown did not buy the land immediately, Taurau would place it and other areas under the control of the Treaty of Waitangi Committee and therefore out of the reach of the Court and the Crown. Conversely, Cooke promised that if the Crown would buy these two blocks, and buy them quickly, Taurau would put

511 Berghan, A39(c), see for example p 341 and the letter by Hori Rewi and 65 others. 512 Berghan, A39(c), p 339 215

considerable amounts of other land through the Court – including what would become the Mangakahia No. 2 and Whatitiri blocks – before selling them to the Crown.513

Taurau and Cooke's constant refrain to the Crown was that they needed to receive the purchase money for Kauaeranga and Ngaturipukunui quickly. Cooke warned that Taurau was unwell. The chief needed to be paid immediately or he would die before he could survey, gain title to, and sell large areas of valuable land to the Crown. Taurau stated that he 'had no money for his present support' and was desperate to sell.514 Sheridan, the Under-Secretary of the Native Land Purchase Department, was unmoved by such considerations. His predominant concern was whether the purchase of Kauaeranga and Ngaturipukunui blocks made financial sense for the Crown.

Another problem then emerged that the Crown – and the Court – would need to deal with before the purchases could be completed. Some Maori lived on and cultivated these lands and had become aware of the planned purchases. Taurau's grandson, Hori Rewi and Hiri Te Taka, wrote widely supported petitions and letters to the Crown arguing that the blocks belonged to the whole tribe. They claimed that the land had been resided on by their people for eight generations up until the present and that they had no other areas on which to live. The Court title was solely a way to arrange the timber lease; they had never agreed that their 'trustees' owned or had the right to sell the land. They demanded the sale be abandoned and that a new title be created that reflected their ancestral rights to the land. In September 1893, Hori Rewi and 65 others told the Native Minister that: we are grieved on account of our children, the old women and the old men and also because of our sacred places, which are being sold by these Trustees and all our cultivations as well.515

On 3 October 1893, the chairman of Parliament's Native Affairs Committee recommended that the Crown consider what could be done to assist the petitioners. But before the inquiry had begun, the Crown took action which effectively undermined any chance the petitioners had of continuing to live on and maintain control of their land.

513 Berghan, A39(c), p 341 514 Berghan, A39(c), pp 340-341 515 Berghan, A39(c), pp 341-342 216

Officials at this stage were determined to acquire the blocks. They seem to have given no thought to abandoning the proposed transaction or delaying it until Parliament could see whether others were entitled to legal rights in the land and a say in its fate. Sheridan wrote to Cooke and stated that the Crown was willing to buy the blocks for £834, at four shillings per acre. Half would be paid to Taurau and Tito Tirarau as soon as they agreed to the sale. The other half of the money would be held until the results of the Government inquiry into the claims of the wider tribe had been considered. If the inquiry did indeed suggest that others had rights to the land, the held-over purchase money would be paid to them.516 But the Crown saw no need to secure their consent either to the sale or the price.

Although he would have preferred a higher sum and to receive all the payment, Taurau was nonetheless anxious for cash and agreed to the deal. There was a brief delay while the Crown, with the Court's help, sorted out two potential impediments to the arrangement. Tito Tirarau, the other legal owner on the title with Taurau, had died and no successor had yet been awarded his interests, while the timber company was demanding compensation from the Crown for buying land that it was leasing. The Court, however, rejected the timber company's claims. With Sheridan helping to expedite the process, on around 18 December 1893 the Court appointed Huirua Tito, who was willing to sell, to the titles.517 On that very day, the Crown purchased Kauaeranga and Ngaturipukunui from Taurau and Huirua Tito.518 The Crown then wrote to Hori Rewi to inform him that the blocks had been purchased but that half the proceeds were being kept in case some of his supporters were entitled to a share.519

Parliament passed the Te Ngaere and Other Blocks Native Claims Adjustment Act 1894, which required the Native Land Court to inquire whether any people, apart from the two registered owners, had an equitable claim to Kauaeranga and Ngaturipukunui. On 29 November 1894, Judge Gudgeon ruled that 32 people were entitled to payment for

516 Berghan, A39(c), pp 339-343 517 Berghan, A39(c), pp 342-345 518 Berghan, A39(c), p 343; Rigby, A56, Appendix A, pp 1-2 519 Berghan, A39(c), p 344 217 each of the two blocks. He produced a schedule of the owners with their respective shares and the amount of money they were entitled to.520

Hori Rewi made one last, forlorn effort to save at least a part of the blocks for those who lived and had died on it. On 13 December 1894, he wrote to the Native Minister about the 'grief of his people' over their land which had been sold by their representatives. He stated that they had no other land and asked the Native Minister to 'take pity' on them and at least grant them a reserve of 250 acres that included their settlement and burial places.521 He seems to have offered to exchange the money awarded them by the Court for this reserve.

I have seen no evidence that this reserve was granted. Instead, Maxwell, the Crown's purchase agent, speedily paid out those named by the Court as entitled to a share – many of whom were in Whangarei and anxious for money.522 It could be said that the Court had, from 1877 to 1894, done what was expected of it by the Crown and by those Maori who wished to sell or lease Kauaeranga and Ngaturipukunui. But what it had not done was protect the rights of others who claimed a connection to these lands. It had issued absolute title to a single and then two individual owners. And then, in 1893 and 1894, the Court had overseen the Crown's purchase of these lands. It had identified those who should receive a small share of the proceeds of sales that they had not agreed to.

520 Berghan, A39(c), pp 344-346 521 Berghan, A39(c), p 345 522 Berghan, A39(c), p 345 218

Figure 18: The Omaunu No. 2 Block

219

4.8. Omaunu No. 2 The Crown's use of the Court titling system during the 1890s to acquire Maori land met with significant opposition throughout Te Raki. Maori resistance was especially strong in the Whangaroa sub-region. In the 1890s, this location saw little new titling and only one Crown purchase.523 This meant that, at the turn of the century, Whangaroa Maori retained a higher percentage of their customary land than Maori in any of the other sub- regions. Nearly a quarter of Maori-owned land in 1865 remained outside the Court system at 1900.

Nonetheless, Maori-owned land in Whangaroa that had been titled by the Court came under pressure from Crown purchasing in the 1890s. The acquisition of virtually all of the Omaunu No. 2 block is a telling case study of how the Crown could exploit its power – and the individualisation of Maori land ownership – to gradually break down resistance to selling and pay far less for the land than the owners sought.

Crown officials were well aware that there was considerable antipathy to land sales in Whangaroa. In 1893, they had responded to the urgings of local settlers and politicians and investigated buying large areas in the area. However, Maxwell's initial attempts to acquire Omaunu No. 1 and No. 2, Kaingapipiwai No. 1 and No. 2, Otangaroa, and other blocks were unsuccessful. In May 1894, he reported that the 'Natives are generally averse to selling land' to the Crown and that the 'obstructionists' to sales were influential men. Maxwell believed many would follow their example and purchasing would be difficult.524

In September of that year he reported that the owners of the above-named blocks 'refused absolutely to sell any land at the prices I was authorised to offer’. One of the main chiefs in the area, 'Paora Te Uruhau' (possibly Paora Ururoa), told Maxwell in no uncertain terms that 'he had no land to sell to [the] Government’.525 Despite the pressure of survey liens and other debts, Maori rejected the standard price offered by

523 Harris, E32, pp 228-236 discusses the seven small blocks in the Whangaroa sub-region in the 1890s. 524 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 1150; Berghan, A39(e), p 92 525 Berghan, A39(e), p 92 220

the Crown in this area of 2s 6d per acre as woefully inadequate and considerably less than what could be obtained if they were permitted to deal with private purchasers.

The Crown purchasing method throughout Te Raki during this period relied in large part on patience. Crown officials believed that sooner or later some owners would come forward and sell their shares and the land-buying process would roll on. There was poverty in the area and Maori had few ways, except through sale, to make use of their undefined interests. Maxwell was instructed to prepare ownership lists and deeds for the various blocks and to be ready in case 'any shares are eventually offered’.526

For a year, the Crown made little or no headway in Whangaroa. But reports that a 'valuable copper lode' had been discovered at Omaunu brought the Crown – and the Court – back into the area with new urgency in late 1894.527 Henceforth, the Crown's purchasing efforts in Whangaroa would revolve around this block and especially around Omaunu No. 2, believed to contain valuable metals and minerals.

One of the problems facing the Crown was that Omaunu No. 2 was not yet under the Court system of individualised ownership. The entire Omaunu block had indeed gone before the Court in 1885. Half of the block, Omaunu No. 1, was awarded to Hare Hongi Hika and 33 others. The other half was awarded to Taniora Arapata, Hongi's rival in many Court cases in the Whangaroa region. Taniora was dissatisfied with the decision and for the better part of the decade refused to provide ownership lists.528

But the new possibilities and pressures on Omaunu brought Taniora Arapata and Whangaroa Maori back to the Court. The need for clear legal title over the block seemed particularly pressing given its sudden economic attractiveness and the fact that Crown purchase agents and Pakeha entrepreneurs were showing interest in it. On 25 October 1895, the Court awarded Omaunu No. 2 (2,421 acres) to 54 Maori including Taniora. A rehearing was ordered but the decision was upheld in the Appellate Court.529

526 Berghan, A39(e), p 92 527 Berghan, A39(e), p 93 528 Berghan, A39(e), pp 91, 94; Rigby, A57, chapter 3, for rivalry. 529 Berghan, A39(e) pp 91, 94 221

With title now finalised, the Crown's efforts to acquire Omaunu No. 2 moved into a higher gear. Many officials believed Omaunu could be a centre of the mining industry, and the Native Land Purchase Department was under pressure from 'very anxious' Cabinet ministers to make progress.530 The first move of Maxwell, the Crown purchase agent, was to contact the Court and find out more about the recent title decisions. He wrote to each owner offering them 7s 6d per acre for their interests.531 He then sought the support of Taniora Arapata. As Maxwell put it, Taniora was 'the leading man of the Hapu interested [and] if he does not agree to sell there is very little chance of others doing so’.532 However, Taniora Arapata would prove to be a major obstacle to the Crown's purchase of Omaunu No. 2. The Crown tried hard to attract him, including by gradually raising the price it offered for the block as a whole, but Taniora for a long period rejected their offers. He had to repay debts to the Government and would not consider anything less than £1 per acre for the block as a whole, a price the Crown considered exorbitant.533

Taniora and other owners were exploring alternative ways to benefit from the block apart from sale, negotiating with European businessmen and seeking to exploit the land's resources themselves. Owners unsuccessfully sought loans from the Crown to develop the land while rumours of a silver and gold find on the block saw prospecting and excitement among Maori.534

With Maxwell unable to make any headway in his purchasing efforts, James S Clendon was enlisted to help. Clendon rather symbolised the institutional and personal ties between Crown purchasing and the Court during this period. He, like C Bush, served as both a Native Land Court judge or 'recorder' and a Crown purchase agent in the area. At one point, Judge Clendon was scheduled to adjudicate on which parts of Omaunu No. 2 block the Crown should be awarded, despite having helped to purchase the Crown’s interests himself. The hearing was adjourned.535

530 Berghan, A39 (e), p 94 531 Berghan, A39 (e), p 95 532 Berghan, A39 (e), p 96 533 Berghan, A39(e), p 95 534 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1153; Berghan, A39(e), p 97 535 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, p 1154; Berghan, A39(e), pp 92, 100 222

Clendon was authorised to offer 10 shillings per acre, half the price that the owners were demanding. For a considerable time, the Crown was able to buy only a few shares here or there. In August 1896 it purchased the share of an absentee owner living in Waikato.536 More Tukariri and five others wrote to the Crown declining to sell their shares and instead requesting a loan of £120 to improve and utilise the land. The Crown pointedly refused and resumed efforts to buy their interests. As Maxwell put it: I do not think it would be politic to do anything of the kind [provide development assistance]. It would be better for them to sell their shares outright.537

Nonetheless, Maxwell remained sceptical whether Omaunu No. 2 could be acquired in such a piecemeal manner. Without Taniora's support, it was 'doubtful if much of the block could be acquired' apart from an 'isolated share or two'.538

However, the Crown's legislative and economic power meant that Maori had few other options. Sheridan and Maxwell pursued a strategy of attrition, confident that as Maori economic hopes and 'gold fever' died down, so, eventually, would their resistance to sale. There were growing signs that Maori were desperate to sell if the Crown would meet their price. In September 1896, 'Taniora Ropata' (possibly Taniora Arapata) and 44 others petitioned the Government stating that they urgently required money for their maintenance and support. They would sell the block for £1 an acre to either the Crown if it offered or private purchasers if they were permitted. The Crown refused on both counts, but raised its offer to 15 shillings per acre.539 Two more owners sold their shares while others who had sold earlier at lower prices asked unsuccessfully to get the full amount.540

At some point between December 1896 and May 1897, the opposition of Whangaroa Maori to the sale of Omaunu No. 2 did indeed collapse. It is not clear when or exactly

536 Berghan, A39(e), pp 96-97 537 Berghan, A39(e), p 96 538 Berghan, A39(e), p 97 539 In September 1896, Sheridan seemed to indicate that Crown officers could gradually increase their offer to 20 shillings (i.e. £1) per acre 'if necessary'. However, this was apparently not acted on and the purchase agents believed they were contrained to offering no more than 15 shillings per acre. Berghan, A39(e), p 97-99 540 Berghan, A39 (e), pp 97-99; Armstrong and Subasic, A12, pp 1154-1155 223 how this happened. The signature of Taniora Arapata may well have been crucial. He would later claim that he had agreed after being promised by Clendon a reserve within the block. Rapi Arapata would likewise argue that the Crown was obligated to reserve areas in Omaunu No. 2. The Crown's response was that no reserves had been promised and none would be provided.541

By May 1897, the Crown had acquired the interests of 53 of the 54 owners of Omaunu No. 2. It had paid them a total of £1,220, roughly half the price that owners had consistently demanded.542 Only Hemania Pihama (or Pihema) had refused. She continued to face considerable pressure. The Crown wanted the entire block and labelled her an 'obstinate' obstructive woman who irrationally but 'absolutely refuses to sell’. The Crown applied to have the Court partition out its interests but then had the case withdrawn, hoping to pressure her to sell. She also applied for a partition. That hearing was adjourned.543

By June 1897, the Crown would wait no longer. Sheridan repeatedly approached the Native Land Court and asked for it to expedite the partition process. As he explained, the Government was under 'pressure to throw open the land for mining and [the] Minister enquires daily’.544 The soonest the Court could sit was August. In the meantime, the Crown kept trying to buy Pihama's solitary share. She kept refusing.

Clendon represented the Crown at the partition hearing in Whangaroa on 18 August 1897. His role, as Sheridan instructed him, was to make sure that Pihama did not secure her small portion of land in an awkward location for the Crown. He was advised to reach an agreement with her out of court and avoid the prospect that she would appeal the decision and delay the mining of the land. But, said Sheridan, if she continued to be 'unreasonable', the Crown 'would fight it out in the Court' with her.545

541 Berghan, A39(e), pp 103-105 542 Rigby, A56, Appendix A, p 3 543 Berghan, A39(e), pp 99-102 544 Berghan, A39(e), p 102 545 Berghan, A39(e), p 103 224

Clendon did his job and was able to convince the Court – and apparently Pihama – that her portion should be placed in a 'satisfactory' position for the Crown. But the Crown had not quite finished with using the Court process to acquire Omaunu No. 2. The deed of conveyance was forwarded but Sheridan briefly delayed the survey of Pihama's portion 'in case the old girl should alter her mind about selling’.546 She did not. A single Maori woman, Hemania Pihama, had managed to keep just over 45 acres of Omaunu No. 2. It would remain in Maori ownership for another 70 years.547 The Crown had secured the other 2,376 acres.

546 Berghan, A39(e), p 103 547Berghan, A39(e), p 107 225

5. Conclusion Between 1865 and 1900, the Native Land Court irrevocably altered the lives and land of Maori in Te Paparahi o Te Raki. These were the peak years for Crown purchasing of Maori land in Te Raki, exceeding even the pre-1865 period. The Court, while not the only factor in these acquisitions, presided over and helped to facilitate the radical depletion of the Te Raki Maori tribal estate and the landlessness, or near landlessness, of many of its communities. Its most important role in this land loss was that it awarded title to individual Maori who were able to sell their interests without the consent of the wider community.

While this remained a key factor throughout these years, the impact of the Native Land Court upon local communities was far from monolithic or unchanging. This report focuses on four chronological periods, each representing a different stage in the Court's activities and its interaction with Te Raki Maori.

Between 1865 and 1874, the immediate impact of the Native Land Court on the inquiry district varied considerably depending on locality. Many Te Raki Maori were initially interested and to some degree involved in the Crown's new tenurial system. The reason for this was only too apparent. The Native Land Court was – and would remain – the only means by which they could gain legally recognised title to their land. By the end of 1874, well over a third of Maori-owned land in the inquiry district had been brought under the Court system. More strikingly, the Court had awarded title to at least 469 blocks. In no subsequent period would Te Raki Maori seek Crown-derived title over so many specific pieces of land.

The consequences of this new tenurial system, and especially the fact that individuals became the absolute, legal owners of land that had previously been communally controlled, would prove to be vast. During this period, the Court awarded land to only a very few individuals, even after the 10 owner rule was altered and then abandoned. Between 1865 and 1874, Native Land Court blocks were awarded to an average of 4.2 owners. Nonetheless, in most parts of Te Raki, this individualisation of Maori land did not have immediately dramatic effects.

226

An important reason why the Court's initial impact in Te Raki was varied and difficult to define was that Crown purchasing in the region during this time was focused on a few specific localities. In most parts of Te Raki, local concerns and issues, rather than pressure from Crown purchasers, shaped whether Maori sought legal title over their land or not. Local Maori did seek legal title in order to sell or lease land to Pakeha settlers and businessmen. Some Maori were also drawn to the Court because they wanted secure, Crown-recognised title over particular areas that were under dispute or threat.

However, these early hearings usually involved relatively small, discrete pieces of land. Local chiefs maintained a degree of influence and control over the Court process and most Maori-owned land in each sub-region, with the notable exception of Mahurangi and Gulf Islands, was kept in customary tenure. In the Whangaroa sub-region, it is estimated that only 23.3 percent of Maori-owned land had been clothed in Court title by 1874. In Hokianga and the Bay of Islands, roughly a third of Maori-owned land was passed before the Court. Court influence was somewhat higher in the Whangarei sub- region, due to more extensive Crown purchasing, and by 1874, approximately 40.3 percent of Maori-owned land had been clothed in Court title.

In much of the inquiry district therefore, the introduction of the Native Land Court had a complex and not initially destructive effect. However, the Court had a clear and considerable impact on those parts of Te Raki where the threat of landlessness and pressure from Crown purchasers was most acute. By 1865, the Crown had already acquired most of the land in the Mahurangi and Gulf Islands sub-region. Local leaders rushed to the Court in the hope of gaining secure legal title over their few remaining lands.

However, throughout this period and throughout the inquiry district, the Court rarely imposed alienation restrictions on titled land or closely investigated the consequences to either the legal owners or wider communities if these lands were sold. In Mahurangi, it awarded absolute, alienable title to a few individuals who came under sustained and sometimes unscrupulous pressure from Crown and Pakeha purchasers. Within a few

227

years, virtually all Maori land on the Mahurangi mainland had been sold and local communities were in state of distress and near landlessness.

The Court during this initial period also had a considerable impact on the Puhipuhi– Whakapara area that stretched between the Bay of Islands and Whangarei sub-regions. No other locality saw so much land passed through the Court. The reason for this heightened Court activity was clear: Crown and private purchasers wanted land and at least some Maori were keen to sell. Crown purchasing agents paid advances to individual Maori and assisted them to take the land through the Court, receive title, and sell the land. The title determinations for these blocks were usually brief and, as in later periods, the Court proved willing to award large areas to a small handful of individuals who were seeking to sell land to the Crown. Alienation restrictions were, with a few small exceptions, not imposed. Within a decade or so of the Court's introduction, a few Maori in the Puhipuhi–Whakapara area had received or were in the process of receiving Crown title to more than 128,000 acres. Apart from a few small areas, all this land was purchased by the Crown.

What happened in Puhipuhi–Whakapara was, at least from the Crown's perspective, an early and successful trial of the titling and purchasing tactics that would prove devastatingly effective in Te Raki between 1875 and 1880. These were the key years in determining the Native Land Court's impact upon Te Raki. During this time, the Court system cemented its dominance in the area and emerged as a key element in the Crown's land purchasing programme. It routinely granted title to a few Maori who had received advance payments from Crown purchasing agents. This pattern of advance payments, awarding land to those who were already committed to selling it, and then final sale risked dispossessing Maori by allowing large areas of land to be sold without communal control or general consent. It also posed real risks to the integrity and independence of the Court. The Court was tacitly and sometimes explicitly encouraged to act as an assistant or agent to the Crown's land purchasing department rather than as an independent judicial body charged with weighty investigative and protective responsibilities.

228

Between 1875 and 1880, Maori land was titled and then purchased in Te Raki at a dizzying rate. The Court completed title determinations involving at least 255,850 acres at an average of more than 42,643 acre a year, more than during any other period. In 1875 alone, it awarded at least 138,044 acres of land to individual Maori. This was by far the Court's busiest ever year in terms of title determinations. The Court system spread throughout the inquiry district. By 1880, 69.8 percent of all known customary Maori land in Te Raki in 1865 had gone before the Court. In all five sub-regions, more Maori land had been titled by the Court than remained in customary control. In Whangarei, the largest of the sub-regions, 78.1 of what was customary land in 1865 was by 1880 under Court title.

Crown purchasing drove this surge in Court activity. Crown purchasers snapped up much of the Te Raki land that had gone before the Court before 1875 but they also entered into negotiations over vast areas of untitled land that was neither legally alienable nor had any legally recognised owners. They offered advance payments to individuals and assisted them to gain title through the Court so that the transaction could be legally completed.

The process worked, at least for Crown purchase agents, remarkably well. Most of the land passed before the Court during these years was in large blocks, sometimes as large as 20,000 acres that were destined to be sold. On a very few occasions, powerful Maori opponents to these pre-title arrangements were present at Court and were able to delay although not necessarily prevent the titling and sale process. But in general during this period, title investigations were brief and perfunctory. The Court frequently failed to consider whether other Maori had connections to these lands and were entitled, as the Native Land Act 1873 seemingly required, to be included in the award.

The result was that within days of the Court's title determination, many of these blocks were purchased by the Crown. Often the sales were completed within the courtroom itself. The Crown had found a remarkably 'efficient' way of purchasing Te Raki land without needing to secure the approval of any but a handful of Maori. In 1875–76, the Crown purchased 294,735 acres of Te Raki Maori land. Around half of all land

229

purchased by the Crown between 1865 and 1900 was purchased in these two years.548 Much of the purchasing centred around Court hearings into land in Hokianga and Mangakahia in the Whangarei sub-region. In 1875, at Herd's Point, Hokianga, the Court awarded 19 blocks containing 65,514 acres to a small number of Maori, most of whom had already received advance payments. Within days, the Crown had completed the purchase of these lands. Around this time, almost 80,000 acres of Mangakahia land was awarded to a single Maori who immediately sold all the land to the Crown.

The Court system during this period did little to protect Te Raki Maori against excessive or unwanted land alienation. The Court largely ignored its legislative responsibilities to ensure that Maori retained sufficient reserves and lands, and to investigate and protect Maori against inequitable transactions. By awarding ownership to a handful of would- be land sellers, it allowed legislative prohibitions against land alienations to be routinely circumvented.

Judge F E Maning launched a sustained but unsuccessful campaign against the Court's willingness to issue title to a few individuals who had received advance payments and planned to sell the land to the Crown. Maning argued that the Court's legislative, protective, and investigative responsibilities were being ignored and that the titling process was being unduly controlled by Crown purchasing agents and Maori land sellers. He warned that numerous rightful owners were being dispossessed and that this rushed and unjust title and land purchasing process would inevitably provoke Maori resistance.

Indeed, by the 1880s, most Te Raki chiefs wanted the entire Court system to be abolished and replaced by a Maori-controlled titling process. Resistance to the Court took many forms, including political protest, use of Maori committees and runanga to adjudicate on land issues, and the establishment of a Rohe Potae covering parts of the Whangarei and Bay of Islands sub-regions in which use of the Court and land sales were prohibited. By this time, the Court had, for many Te Raki Maori, become synonymous with uncontrolled land loss, disempowerment, and poverty. The great majority of the

548 Rigby, A56, pp 3-4 230

land taken before the Court had been purchased by the Crown. The little that remained was insufficient – and the Court's form of title too disruptive and costly – for Maori economic development and farming.

This resistance, along with diminishing pressure from Crown purchasers, meant that Maori increasingly refused to bring their remaining customary land into the Court system. Between 1881 and 1889, the Court awarded title to an estimated 62,132 acres of Maori land in Te Raki. This marked downturn from previous periods was especially apparent in the sub-regions where the Rohe Potae constituted a powerful bulwark against the Court. New title determinations decreased markedly in the Whangarei sub- region while in the Bay of Islands, an estimated 27.5 percent of land owned by Maori in 1865 remained under customary control in 1900, the highest proportion of any of the sub-regions.

Nevertheless, the Court continued to be a factor in continuing Maori land loss during the 1880s. Although far less land was going through the Court – and being sold – the title investigation process did not become more obviously careful or protective. The Court continued to rubber-stamp awards for blocks in which sales to the Crown or Pakeha had been arranged before hearings and where open opposition within the courtroom was absent.

During this period, the Court contributed to Maori land loss in other ways. The title determinations for the Puhipuhi block in the Whangarei sub-region and the Hauturu block in the Mahurangi and Gulf Islands sub-region were protracted and for the Maori applicants, hugely disruptive. Long and repeated hearings over more than a decade led to considerable expenses and debt for hapu and leaders, worsened disputes between the claimants, and encouraged the Crown to purchase the blocks. At times, Court officials appeared to assist the Crown in these purchases, raising questions about the independence of the Court. The debts and expenses incurred by Maori would appear to have contributed to most of Puhipuhi being sold almost immediately after title was finally issued, and to the drawn-out, highly problematic acquisition by the Crown of Hauturu at the end of the 1890s.

231

While the Court continued in the 1880s to contribute to Maori land loss in Te Raki, its processes also impacted on the ability of Maori to utilise and benefit from the areas that remained in their ownership. As pressure from Crown purchase agents decreased, the Court began to award blocks in Te Raki to large numbers of individual owners. These owners possessed undefined interests and were mired in a netherworld without either effective collective or individual control over land. The blocks were often too small to economically support the many owners and their dependents. Title overcrowding worsened due to the Court's succession policy. The interests of intestate owners were inherited equally by all their children, leading to increasing numbers of owners holding minuscule interests in blocks.549

The increasing fragmentation of title entrenched the Court's involvement in Maori- owned land. Over time, owners repeatedly returned to the Court to define and subdivide their interests into what they hoped would be a more manageable, effective form of title. This was rarely successful. The interests of the owners were usually too small, and the Court process too expensive and confused, to create viable individual plots. Indeed, relatively few individual subdivisions were created. More common was the creation of many subdivisions too small to be economically viable, owned by multiple individual owners. These blocks and their often impoverished owners would prove highly vulnerable when the Crown's purchasing programme resumed in earnest in the 1890s.

The report concludes with a discussion of Court activities in the 1890s and its role in the resurgence of Crown land purchasing in Te Raki. By this time, Crown agents had developed a new relationship with the Court and new purchasing tactics. They no longer attempted, directly or indirectly, to encourage the Court to award land in Te Raki to a few prospective sellers. Indeed, by this period, blocks were awarded on average to more than 55 owners.

Crown agents waited patiently for these awards to be completed and then gradually acquired the individual interests of the often frequently debt-ridden owners. Without effective communal control over the land or sustainable, defined individual holdings,

549 Alan Ward, National Overview, 3 vols., Waitangi Tribunal Rangahaua Whanui Series (Wellington: GP Publications, 1997), vol 1, p 68; Geiringer, Wai 45, F10, pp 92-93 232

many owners saw little option but to sell. If some Maori refused to sell, the Court would partition out the interests of the Crown and the non-sellers. These initial subdivisions were often a prelude for further rounds of partitioning and purchasing as Maori land holdings further shrunk and fragmented. The Court's failure to rigorously carry out its protective responsibilities continued during this period, and it would seem that even land officially restricted from alienation was commonly purchased by the Crown.

By 1900, the Native Land Court had awarded title to at least 684,600 acres of Te Raki Maori land. Excluding land titled at an unknown period, perhaps 82.3 percent of all Maori-owned land in Te Raki in 1865 had come under the Court system. This had contributed to massive land alienation. During the first 35 years of the Court regime, the Crown purchased an estimated 588,707 acres. In other words, around 86 percent of Maori-owned land in Te Raki titled by the Native Land Court had been purchased by the Crown.550 Only 5,578 acres of reserves had been issued, less than one percent of the land purchased by the Crown.551 Titled land remaining in Maori ownership was increasingly fragmented into small, chaotically tenured, and uneconomic holdings as the Court's subdivision and succession activities took effect. These blocks would continue to be divided and alienated in the coming years.

Nonetheless, the Court's influence over Te Raki Maori land was neither total nor unchallenged. During the 1890s, Maori opposition to the Court in Te Raki had if anything strengthened. They attempted, often in association with the Kotahitanga movement, to boycott the Court and have it replaced, while non-Government sanctioned native committees continued to operate in the area. The amount of new title determinations continued to drop.

Of the four chronological periods used for this report, the 1890s saw the least amount of land and blocks titled by the Court. During this decade, title determinations involving 61 new blocks and 41,427 acres were completed. Only 5 percent of Maori-owned land in Te Raki in 1865 was passed through the Court in the 1890s. Just 6.4 percent of the blocks

550 Rigby, A56, pp 2-3 for an estimate of Crown purchases between 1866 and 1900. It should be kept in mind that the percentage of titled land purchased by the Crown does not factor in the estimated 103,269 acres titled at an unknown time. 551 Rigby, A46, pp 2-3 233

established by the Court in Te Raki were created during this period. In part, this slowdown in new titling was because so much land had already gone before the Court. There were no new title determinations involving Mahurangi and the Gulf Islands in the 1890s because virtually all Maori-owned land in that sub-region had previously been titled and purchased.

Nonetheless, it is apparent that the Court became steadily less popular with Te Raki Maori the more they knew of it. During its first 15 years, it appeared that the Court would sweep away all customary title in Te Raki. Between 1865 and 1880, 69.8 percent of Maori-owned land in the inquiry district, including 581,060 acres in 671 blocks, came under the Court system. But title determinations declined as Maori resistance to the Court and to land purchasing grew. From 1881 to 1900, only 12.5 percent of land owned by Maori in 1865 was titled by the Court including 136 new blocks totalling 103,559.73 acres.

Te Raki Maori resistance to the Court had, against considerable odds, achieved some significant victories. An estimated 17.8 percent of Maori-owned land in the region in 1865 remained under customary tenure at the turn of the twentieth century.552 This made Te Raki in 1900 one of the few parts of New Zealand that retained significant amounts of customary, or papatupu, land.553 Much of this customary land centred around the Rohe Potae established in Motatau. For about 25 years, Maihi Paraone Kawiti's prohibition on Court hearings and land sales within this area had held firm. There were also clusters of customary land around the Hokianga Harbour, in the south- eastern Bay of Islands, and in Whangaroa.

Moreover, Maori protest – and the Crown's fear that landless Maori could become a 'burden on the State' – had by this time forced the Liberal Government to ease pressure on Maori to sell their remaining lands. The Maori Lands Administration Act 1900 was, in Terry Hearn's words, a 'radical departure in Maori land-policy and law' that aimed to

552 See chapter 1 553 Hamer and Paul Meredith, 2016, A62, p 4. They state that Te Tai Tokerau more generally contained a large proportion of the remaining papatupu or customary land. 234

‘restore to Maori some control over the management and alienation of their lands'.554 It allowed Maori owners of customary land to elect their own papatupu block committees to adjudicate on title. Local Maori land councils were empowered to act on their recommendations and to issue binding legal title albeit subject to rights of appeal.555

The impact (and demise) of this new system is beyond the parameters of this report. What can be said is that, by 1900, Te Raki Maori continued to demand a genuine alternative to the Native Land Court.

554 Hearn, A3, p 99 555 Hamer and Meredith, A62, pp 203-214 235

Bibliography

Statements on the Te Paparahi o Te Raki (Wai 1040) record of inquiry Carrad H and A Irwin, ‘Final Statement of Position and Concessions (Crown)’, 6 July 2012 (Wai 1040, #1.3.2)

Carrad H and A Irwin, ‘Tabulated data – Overview tables of land alienation in Northland’, 6 July 2012 (Wai 1040, #1.3.2(e))

Presiding officer, memorandum addressing submissions on the local issues review and confirming, in outline, the local issues research programme for Stage 2 of the Te Paparahi o Te Raki inquiry, 24 December 2013 (Wai 1040, #2.6.51)

Waitangi Tribunal, ‘Final Tribunal Statement of Issues for Stage 2 Generic Hearings’, 5 December 2012 (Wai 1040, #1.4.2)

Other proceedings on the Te Paparahi o Te Raki (Wai 1040) record of inquiry Moorsom, Richard, ‘Te Paparahi o Te Raki Local Issues Research Review’, 25 October 2013 (Wai 1040, #6.2.13)

Presiding officer, memorandum directions commissioning Paul Thomas to prepare a research report concerning the major sub-regional patterns in the operation of the Native Land Court in the Te Paparahi o Te Raki inquiry region from 1865 to 1900, 20 June 2016 (Wai 1040, #2.3.52)

Research reports on the Te Paparahi o Te Raki (Wai 1040) record of inquiry Alexander, D, ‘Land Based Resources, Waterways and Environmental Impacts’, report commissioned by Crown Forestry Rental Trust, November 2006 (Wai 1040, doc A7)

236

Armstrong, D A and E Subasic, ‘Northern Land and Politics, 1860–1910: An Overview Report’, report commissioned by Crown Forestry Rental Trust, June 2007 (Wai 1040, doc A12)

Armstrong, D, ‘ -filling research’, 20 January 2015 (Wai 1040, doc P1)

Ngāti Hau gap Bayley, Nicholas, ‘Aspects of Maori Economic Development and Capability in the Te Paparahi o Te Raki Inquiry Region (Wai 1040) from 1840 to c.2000’, report commissioned by the Waitangi Tribunal, 25 February 2013 (Wai 1040, doc E41)

Berghan, Paula, ‘Northland Block Research Narratives Vol 04, Native Land Court Blocks, 1865–2005: Ahitunutawa–Kuwaru’, report commissioned by Crown Forestry Rental Trust, February 2006 (Wai 1040, doc A39(c))

Berghan, Paula, Northland Block Research Narratives Vol 05, Native Land Court Blocks, 1865–2005: Mahimahi–Nukutawhiti’, report commissioned by Crown Forestry Rental Trust, February 2006 (Wai 1040, doc A39(d))

Berghan, Paula, ‘Northland Block Research Narratives Vol 06, Native Land Court Blocks, 1865–2005: Oakura–Owhatia’, report commissioned by Crown Forestry Rental Trust, February 2006 (Wai 1040, doc A39(e))

Berghan, Paula, ‘Northland Block Research Narratives Vol 07, Native Land Court Blocks, 1865–2005: Pae–Putoetoe’, report commissioned by Crown Forestry Rental Trust, February 2006 (Wai 1040, doc A39(f))

Berghan, Paula, ‘Northland Block Research Narratives Vol 08, Native Land Court Blocks, 1865-2005: Rahuikotuku–Tuwhakino’, report commissioned by Crown Forestry Rental Trust, February 2006 (Wai 1040, doc A39(g))

Berghan, Paula, ‘Northland Block Research Narratives Vol 09, Native Land Court Blocks, 1865-2005: Uakanga–Wiroa’, report commissioned by Crown Forestry Rental Trust, February 2006 (Wai 1040, doc A39(h))

237

Clarkson, Coralie, ‘Pakanae and Kokohuia Lands, 1870–1990’, report commissioned by the Waitangi Tribunal, June 2016 (Wai 1040, doc A58)

Daamen, R, Paul Hamer, and Barry Rigby, Auckland, Waitangi Tribunal Rangahaua Whanui Series (Wellington: Waitangi Tribunal, 1996) (Wai 1040, doc H2)

Daamen, R, ‘Report on the Alienation of the Parahirahi Block (also recorded on Wai 304, doc B35), report commissioned by the Waitangi Tribunal, 1 December 1992 (Wai 1040, doc E1)

Derby, Mark, “Fallen Plumage”: A History of Puhipuhi, 1865–2016’, report commissioned by the Waitangi Tribunal, 29 January 2016 (Wai 1040, doc A61)

Hamer, Paul ‘The Native Land Court in Kaipara, 1865–73’ in R Daamen, P Hamer, and B Rigby, Auckland, Waitangi Tribunal Rangahaua Whanui Series (Wellington: Waitangi Tribunal, 1996) (Wai 1040, doc H2)

Hamer, Paul and Paul Meredith, '"The Power to Settle the Title"?: The Operation of Papatupu Block Committees in the Te Paparahi o Te Raki Inquiry District, 1900–1909', report commissioned by the Waitangi Tribunal, October 2016 (Wai 1040, doc A62)

Harris, Aroha, ‘Oral and Traditional History Report for Te Rohe o Whangaroa’, report commissioned by commissioned by Whangaroa Papa Hapu, 2012 (Wai 1040, doc E32)

Hearn, Terry, ‘Local study: Tuparehuia, Otara, Oteaka, and Whangaruru–Whakaturia’, report commissioned by the Waitangi Tribunal, June 2016, (Wai 1040, doc A59)

Hearn, Terry, ‘Social and Economic Change in Northland c.1900–c.1945: The Role of the Crown and The Place of Maori’, report commissioned by Crown Forestry Rental Trust, June 2006 (Wai 1040, doc A3)

Henare, Manuka, Hazel Petrie, and Adrienne Puckey, ‘“He Whenua Rangatira”: Northern

238

Landscape Overview (Hokianga, Whangaroa, Bay of Islands, Whangarei, Mahurangi and Gulf Islands)’, report commissioned by Crown Forestry Rental Trust, 2009 (Wai 1040, doc A37)

Horsley, Alexandra, ‘A History of Otangaroa, Te Pupuke, and Waihapa Blocks (Whangaroa) 1874–1990’ (Wai 1040, doc A57)

Johnson, Ralph, ‘Report on the Crown Acquisition of Hauturu (Little Barrier Island)’ (also recorded on Wai 567, doc A1), report commissioned by the Waitangi Tribunal, 1 January 1999 (Wai 1040, doc E8)

Kawharu, M, ‘Te Tiriti and its Northern Context’, report commissioned by Crown Forestry Rental Trust, March 2010 (Wai 1040, doc A20)

Loveridge, D, ‘The Acquisition of Parahirahi D Block by the Crown’, evidence of Dr Donald M Loveridge, 6 December 1992 (also recorded on Wai 304, doc B34) (Wai 1040, doc E5)

McBurney, Peter, ‘Northland: Public Works and Other Takings c.1871–1993, report commissioned by Crown Forestry Rental Trust, July 2007 (Wai 1040, doc A13)

McBurney, Peter, ‘Traditional History Overview of the Mahurangi and Gulf Islands Districts’, report commissioned by the Mahurangi and Gulf Islands Districts Collective Committee in association with the Crown Forestry Rental Trust, March 2010 (Wai 1040, doc A36)

O’Malley, Vincent, ‘Northland Crown Purchases 1840–1865’, report commissioned by Crown Forestry Rental Trust, July 2006 (Wai 1040, doc A6)

Orr-Nimmo, Kathy ‘“A Land Flowing with Milk and Honey”: Aspects of the History of Kohumaru in the Vicinity of Kenana’ (also recorded on Wai 58, doc A2), report commissioned by the Waitangi Tribunal, May 1999 (Wai 1040, doc E9)

239

Rigby, B, ‘Pre-1865 Te Raki Crown Purchase Validation Report’, report commissioned by the Waitangi Tribunal, 22 December 2015 (Wai 1040, doc A53)

Rigby, B, ‘The Crown, Maori and Mahurangi 1840–1881’ (also recorded on Wai 674, F1), report commissioned by the Waitangi Tribunal, August 1998 (Wai 1040, doc E18)

Rigby, B, ‘Validation review of the Crown’s tabulated data on land titling and alienation for the Te Paparahi o Te Raki inquiry region: Crown purchases 1866–1900’, report commissioned by the Waitangi Tribunal, May 2016 (Wai 1040, doc A56)

Research reports on other Waitangi Tribunal records of inquiry Geiringer, Claudia, ‘Historical Background to the Muriwhenua Land Claim, 1865–1950’, 27 April 1992 (Wai 45, doc F10)

Loveridge, Donald M., 'The Development of Crown Policy on the Purchase of Maori Lands, 1865-1910: A Preliminary Survey', Crown Law, October 2004 (Wai 1200, 950, 951. 952)

Husbands, Paul and James Stuart Mitchell, 'The Native Land Court, land titles and Crown land purchasing in the Rohe Potae district, 1866-1907', Waitangi Tribunal, November 2011 (Wai 898, doc A79)

Thomas, Paul, 'The Crown and Northern Wairoa, 1840–1865', report commissioned by Crown Forestry Rental Trust, 1999 (Wai 674, H1; Wai 312, doc C1)

Draft reports for the Te Raki (Wai 1040) local issues programme (not yet on the record of inquiry)

Beaglehole, Dr Ann, 'Horohora Block History', draft, report commissioned by the Waitangi Tribunal, June 2016

Clayworth, Peter, 'A History of the Motatau Block c.1880–c.1980', draft, report commissioned by the Waitangi Tribunal, 21 June 2016

240

Luiten, Jane, 'Mimitu-Ruarei: a local study', draft, September 2016, report commissioned by the Waitangi Tribunal, September 2016

Patete, Anthony, 'Matauri', draft, report commissioned by the Waitangi Tribunal, 29 April 2016

Walzl, Tony, 'Kohatutaka and Punakitere No 2 (1865–present)', draft, report commissioned by the Waitangi Tribunal, 26 August 2016

Waitangi Tribunal publications Ward, Alan, National Overview. 3 vols. Waitangi Tribunal Rangahaua Whanui Series. Wellington: GP Publications, 1997, vol 1

Waitangi Tribunal Reports Waitangi Tribunal, He Maunga Rongo: Report on Central North Island Claims, Stage One, revised ed, 4 vols (Wellington: Legislation Direct, 2008)

Waitangi Tribunal, Ngawha Geothermal Resource Report 1993 (Wellington: Brooker and Friend Ltd, 1993)

Official publications ‘Pakeha and Maori: A Narrative of the Premier's Trip through the Native Districts of the North Island‘, 1 January 1895, Appendix to the Journal of the House of Representatives, 1895, G-1, pp 1–109

Books and articles Bassett, Heather, Rachel Steel, and Dr David Williams, The Maori Land Legislation Manual: Te Puka Ako Hanganga Mo Nga Ture Whenua Maori (Wellington: Crown Forestry Rental Trust, 1995)

241

Boast, Richard, The Native Land Court 1862-1887: A Historical Study, Cases and Commentary (Wellington: Thomson Reuters, 2013)

Goldsmith, Paul, The Rise and Fall of Te Hemara Tauhia (Auckland: Reed Publishing Ltd, 2003)

Williams, David. Te Kooti Tango Whenua: The Native Land Court 1864–1909 (Wellington: Huia Publishers, 1999)

242

Appendix A: Research Commission Wai 1040

WAITANGI TRIBUNAL

CONCERNING the Treaty of Waitangi Act 1975

AND the Te Paparahi 0 Te Raki Inquiry

DIRECTION COMMISSIONING RESEARCH

1. Pursuant to clause 5A of the second schedule of the Treaty of Waitangi Act 1975, the Tribunal commissions Paul Thomas, historian, to prepare an overview research report on the major sub-regional patterns in the operation of the Native Land Court in the Te Paparahi 0 Te Raki inquiry region from 1865 to 1900.

2. The report will provide an overview of the operation of the of the Native Land Court and its processes and of Crown protection mechanisms in the titling, retention and alienation of Maori-owned land, analysing variations across the region and over time. The commissionee will have regard to Issue 5 The Native Land Court, 1865-1900 in the Tribunal's statement of issues for Stage 2 of the inquiry (Wai 1040, #1.4.2) and in particular to questions 5d-k, m-n and p-q concerning Maori engagement with the Court, the titling of customarily held land, Court processes and costs, protective mechanisms and legislation, remedies, outcomes and impacts.

3. The report will also take into account the research findings of the block histories commissioned under the Local Issues Research Programme, where available in distributed draft or final form, and the extent to which these conform with or differ from the sub-regional patterns it identifies. As a guide to the identification of sub-regions, the commissionee is referred to the Chief Historian's memorandum of 15 May 2014 on the selection of land blocks for case studies (Wai 1040, #6.2.15). Where appropriate, the report will give priority to the Court's operations in respect of blocks of 500 acres and above.

4. The report should address the following matters to the extent that source information is available and accessible and that time permits:

a) What sub-regional patterns can be identified in the operation of the Native Land Court in the Te Paparahi 0 Te Raki inquiry region up to 1900 in respect of initial title determination and subsequent litigation, partitioning, the notification, location and length of Court hearings, the evolution of Court business (in particular partitions and successions), the judges and assessors involved, and the survey and other Court-related costs incurred by Maori applicants?

b) What sub-regional patterns can be identified in the protections provided through the Court process in the inquiry region?

243 Page 2

5. The commission commences on 18 April 2016 and ends on 28 October 2016, at which time one copy of the final report must be submitted for filing in unbound form, together with indexed copies of any supporting documents or transcripts. An electronic copy of the report should be provided in Word or Adobe Acrobat PDF format. Any appended data tables may also be provided in MS Excel format. The report and any accompanying material must be filed through the Registrar.

6. The report may be received as evidence and the author may be cross examined on it.

7. The Registrar is to send copies of this direction to: Paul Thomas Claimant counsel and unrepresented claimants in the Te Paparahi 0 Te Raki Inquiry Chief Historian, Waitangi Tribunal Unit Principal Research Analyst, Waitangi Tribunal Unit Manager Research and Inquiry Facilitation, Waitangi Tribunal Unit Inquiry Supervisor, Waitangi Tribunal Unit Inquiry Facilitator(s), Waitangi Tribunal Unit Solicitor General, Crown Law Office Director, Office of Treaty Settlements Chief Executive, Crown Forestry Rental Trust Chief Executive, Te Puni K6kiri

Dated at Rotorua this 20th day of June 2016

Judge Craig Coxhead Presiding Officer WAITANGI TRIBUNAL

244

7. Appendix B: Native Land Court Data Methodology and Spreadsheets

Leanne Boulton Senior Research Analyst/Inquiry Facilitator October 2016

245

Introduction

The tables and graphs used in the report were prepared by Waitangi Tribunal staff at the request and direction of the author of this report from data entered into spreadsheets adapted and generated for this project. The analysis and conclusions drawn from these tables and graphs remain solely those of the author.

This introduction to the methodology explains how the data were collected, audited and analysed and sets out the underlying principles relied on and any data limitations. It begins by reviewing the existing research data spreadsheets and maps of Native Land Court blocks. It then discusses the creation and auditing of the master title determination spreadsheet created by Tribunal staff for this project and the analysis of the assembled data. It ends by outlining the sources from which this project has drawn data on the number of awardees per block, the number of restrictions on alienation placed on blocks within the inquiry district, changes in the types of cases dealt with by the Native Land Court over time, and Crown and private purchasing.

Te Paparahi o Te Raki (Te Raki) Inquiry District and its sub-regions The data collected and analysed for this report relates to land blocks within (or partly within) the Te Paparahi o Te Raki (Te Raki) inquiry sub-regional boundaries. These were initially defined in 2005 as proposed ‘inquiry districts’. This 2005 proposal contemplated five separate sub-regions. Subsequently, the Tribunal agreed to a single regional inquiry, embracing five sub-regions. It is these five sub-regions that have been used to categorise the land blocks in the data used here. Those sub-regions are: Mahurangi and the Gulf Islands, Whangarei, the Bay of Islands, Whangaroa and Hokianga. The single regional inquiry became known as Te Paparahi o Te Raki in 2007. The approximate boundaries of the inquiry region and the sub-regions are shown on Figure 1 at the beginning of the report. These sub-regions should not be confused with the taiwhenua under which claimants have organised their participation in the Te Raki inquiry. It should also be noted that current inquiry boundary has been used for the purposes of this report and is shown on the maps used throughout the report. The exception is Figure 1, which shows the inquiry boundary as it was in 2005.

246

Coverage

The data collection and analysis have been designed to provide data to enable the author to answer the commission questions. These require the commissionee to identify sub-regional patterns in the operation of the Native Land Court in the Te Raki inquiry region up to 1900 ‘to the extent that source information is available and accessible and that the time frame to prepare this report allows’. This required data relating to: • Title determination (including the notification, location and length of court hearings and judges and assessors involved); • Subsequent litigation (rehearings and appeals); • Partitioning; • The evolution of court business (in particular partitions and successions); • Survey and other court- , and;

• Protections (restrictionsrelated on alienation, costs incurred Trust Commissioners by Māori and District Officers and reserves).556

Title Determination Details

Unfortunately, as the wording of the commission allowed for and anticipated, the scope of the data collected and analysed has been narrower than initially hoped. The initial focus was on collecting and verifying the names, sub-regions, acreage and date of title determination for as many Te Raki Native Land Court blocks as possible (see below for details). This was feasible because a working spreadsheet already existed, having been created during work staff had done in preparation for a wider project tracking titling and alienation of Maori land in the inquiry district. This project was later narrowed to the four data validation reports produced by Dr Barry Rigby for this inquiry (Wai 1040, A 48, A51, A53 and A56).

With this basic data tabulated (albeit with gaps and contradictions to be resolved), we explored the feasibility of collecting and tabulating the other data on each title determination case. However, in each case this would have required more time and resources than were available to cover the 1,056 identified blocks comprehensively, the

556 Wai 1040, #2.3.52 247

priority need being to provide initial data at the point the author began drafting his report in early July 2016.

In particular, data on notification of title investigation hearings would need to be located in and tabulated from notices of sittings published in the New Zealand Gazette and Kahiti. The location of the sitting, name of judge(s) and native assessors(s) can often (but not always be) gathered from the front of each of the 84 Native Land Court Minute Books for land within the Te Raki inquiry district. The location of the sitting is also consistently recorded on Native Land Court certificates of title or memorials of owners (sometimes the judge and native assessor’s names can be found there as well) and in the Maori Land Court Minute Book Index. Time did not permit these sources to be systematically searched and for that information to be tabulated and analysed. The place of sitting (but not the name of the judge(s) or native assessor(s)) is generally included in the Maori Land Court Minute Book index, but because the index only contains blocks dealt with by the Court up to 1900 many of the blocks in the master sheet are not found in that index.

The length of sittings would also have been relatively time consuming to determine for all of the blocks identified. A ‘sitting’ of the Court means a period of days or weeks in which a number of cases were heard. Armstrong and Subasic attempted to gather this data from Native Land Court Minute Books, the Auckland Provincial Gazette and New Zealand Gazette notices, newspaper reports, the papers of Spencer von Sturmer and other relevant records. But they noted that ‘in many cases a start date is available, but no details are provided as to when the sitting terminated. Our problems have also been increased because Judge Maning's Land Court minute books are missing. Consequently, we have been unable to ascertain the duration of his Court sittings.’557 However, within these limits Armstrong and Subasic were able to provide a list of sitting start dates arranged by location.558

557 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, Appendix I, p 1483 558 Armstrong and Subasic, A12, Appendix I, pp 1483-1503 248

Rehearings and Appeals

It also proved difficult to find reliable and systematic data on blocks that were subject to rehearings and/or appeals. The SOPAC spreadsheet noted where Berghan had discovered that a block had been subject to more than one title investigation hearing, but it was not clear from the data whether those cases where a subsequent title investigation was held constituted an adjournment or a rehearing. The Maori Land Court Minute Book Index also lacks clarity on this issue, with relatively few cases being categorised as rehearings or appeals (a total of 60 for the whole of Taitokerau are identified as such between 1865 and 1900). This information could be obtained from the minutes of the cases themselves, but this would be very time-consuming.

Partitioning

Some exploratory work was done to use Berghan’s block narratives to generate systematic data on partitioning patterns. However, this also proved to be time- consuming, and the alternative option of focusing on one of the small sub-regions as a sample raised issues about how representative the resulting data would be for the whole inquiry district and for the other sub-regions within it. Given the limits of time and resources this was not pursued.

Evolution of the Court’s Business

Data showing the changing case types dealt with by the Native Land Court between 1865 and 1900 was generated and used in the report. This is explained in detail below.

Survey and other Court-related Costs

Data on survey and court costs could not be collected and analysed in the time available for this project. Court costs are generally recorded in the margins of the minutes themselves and often on the Native Land Court certificate of title/memorial of owners. The standard rates for these costs are set out in the gazetted rules of the court. However, to build an accurate picture of the accumulating costs faced by hapu and iwi bringing land through the court and returning to the court for rehearings, appeals, partitions and successions over a period of years would have required tabulating costs from all court hearings for a particular block. To do this for even a sample of the known blocks in the inquiry district would have required considerable work. Obtaining

249

systematic data on survey costs would have involved searching through block order files held at the Whangarei Maori Land Court for survey liens recorded against the title or searching through survey lien registers at Archives New Zealand to find entries for blocks within the inquiry district.

Protections

Restrictions on alienation have been analysed using data available on Crown grants issued for blocks within the Te Raki inquiry district (see below for details). Time constraints have meant that gathering systematic data on decisions by Trust Commissioners has not been possible. This would have involved extracting data for Te Raki blocks from Trust Commissioner files held at Archives New Zealand (Auckland and Wellington) containing returns, applications and letters.

Compilation and Source Information

The title determination master sheet has been used to provide data about the number of blocks and acres titled over time and across the inquiry district and its sub-regions. It has also been used to generate data on the size of those blocks and how that changed over time and across locations.

In line with an early decision to utilise as much existing data and possible, the initial data for the sheet was taken from the spreadsheet compiled by the Crown as part of its Statement of Position and Concessions (SOPAC) for stage 2 of the inquiry.559 In attempting to quantify land loss across the inquiry district and its five sub-regions the Crown produced a spreadsheet that included details of title hearings for 920 blocks. The sheet also recorded: • sub-region; • area of the award; • applicant’s name; • whether it was contested; • whether there were multiple title hearings; • any details about the names and number of grantees and their hapu;

559 Wai 1040, #1.3.2(c) 250

• the date of court decision; • any advances made on the blocks before title; • any awards to the Crown at the time of title determination; • any details of Crown and private purchases from 1865-1900, and; • information on reserves. There are also notes on Crown purchase tactics, for example the purchase of individual interests and the imposition of restrictions on private purchasing. The source of this data is largely the block narratives for Native Land Court blocks prepared by Paula Berghan.560 The sheet has a number of gaps where data does not appear in the Berghan narrative; these are marked ‘NIB’ (not in Berghan). The Crown commissioned SKM (Sinclair Knight Mertz, a firm specialising in GIS data and mapping) to locate some additional blocks in parts of the district that have not been identified previously. These blocks were included in the SOPAC sheet.561

For this project, block name, sub-region and date of title determination decision were entered from the SOPAC sheet into the master sheet. The source of the title determination date was recorded as ‘SOPAC_#3.1.2(c)’. A search for further Maori Land (ML) Plans for blocks within the district identified additional blocks. Attempts have been made to locate the date of title determination in Native Land Court certificates of title/memorials of owners for additional blocks and for blocks where it is missing from the SOPAC data. Where this has not been possible, this field and year of titling have been marked as ‘unknown’. Unfortunately, some of the acreage figures on the SOPAC sheet are incorrect, featuring more roods or perches than can be correct (i.e. more than 39 perches and more than 3 roods). ML Plans were checked for all blocks and the acreage from these entered into the sheet as an authoritative source for the size of the block at the time that it entered the court.

Title Determination Master Sheet, July 2016 Structure In the master sheet COLUMN A contains the block name. A Native Land Court block was deemed to be eligible for inclusion in the master sheet if any part of it lay within the

560 Berghan, A39(a)-(f) 561 Wai 1040, #1.3.2, fnt p 10 251 boundaries of the Te Raki inquiry district. This situation arose with blocks along the northern boundary, the southern boundary of the Hokianga sub-region and the western boundary of the Whangarei sub-region with the Tribunal’s Kaipara and Te Roroa inquiry districts. This practice avoided the need to calculate what percentage of those blocks lay inside or outside the inquiry boundary but does introduce some imprecision to acreage figures. Several blocks were still categorised as straddling two sub-regions; these have been excluded from the analysis.

Where the block name begins with ‘Te’, the ‘Te’ has been put in brackets at the end of the name so as to make it easier to list the blocks alphabetically. This is in line with the practice followed in the SOPAC sheet. The spelling of block names sometimes varies from source to source. In general, we have taken the authoritative spelling to be that used on the ML Plan or on the Native Land Court certificate of title. Where there is an often used variant or a block is clearly also known by another name, this has been included in brackets after the block name, e.g. (aka ….). One of the issues faced by those working with land data in the Te Raki district is the relatively large number of blocks with the same name in the inquiry district (and often in the same sub-region). To avoid confusion these block names have been tagged in square brackets with the ML plan reference on which they can be found. This acts as a unique identifier. COLUMN B gives the Tribunal’s original pre-inquiry districts and the sub-regions of the current inquiry district. Where a block appears on the SOPAC sheet, the pre-inquiry district used there has been entered in the master sheet. The pre-inquiry district for additional blocks was established by staff analysis using GIS and other relevant research data.

COLUMN C contains the date of NLC decision and COLUMN D shows the year of NLC decision. COLUMN E records the source of the NLC decision date. It was originally intended that this would record the date on which the title determination judgment was announced in the court. However, a scan through Berghan’s narratives suggests that the ‘date of court decision’ in the SOPAC sheet is sometimes the date the judgment was handed down and sometimes the date on which a title was issued, depending on what Ms Berghan has been able to find out. When using Native Land Court titles/memorials of owners, the date of judgment is difficult to discern. The start and finish dates of the

252 title hearing are often (but not always) given, but it cannot necessary be assumed that all judgments were delivered on the final day of the hearing. So in these cases the date of the title itself has been entered as date of decision.

While recognising that these events are not the same in real terms, it makes little difference to the analysis as most titles were issued within a month or so of the case concluding. There are a small number of cases where the title was issued the following year (this sometimes happened if the court decision was made late in the year). This may introduce slight inaccuracy into tables and graphs that show the number of blocks or acres titled in each year. However, the majority of the analysis of date of titling used time periods as a unit of analysis, so these cases fall into the same time period regardless of whether date of judgment or date of title is recorded. Where a date of titling cannot be established from the SOPAC sheet or a Native Land Court certificate of title/memorial of owners, ‘unknown’ has been entered in this field. Time did not permit a search of the minute books to fill these data gaps.

COLUMN F is an analysis column that was added to categorise the blocks by date of titling into broad time periods: 1865-1874, 1875-1880, 1881-1889, 1890-1899, 1900- 1920 and after 1920. These were decided by the author to reflect identifiable periods for the operation of the Court in the inquiry district.

COLUMN G, H, I records block size in acres, roods and perches, and COLUMN J as decimalised acres. The acreage of the block has been recorded so that acres, roods and perches are set out in separate columns, with the fourth column providing a decimalised figure for that acreage.562 This enables the acreages to be added together easily.

COLUMN K gives the source, COLUMN L the reference and COLUMN M the date of the source for the acreage figure. In almost all cases the source of the acreage figure will be an ML Plan and/or a Native Land Court certificate of title/memorial of owners. All ML Plan references are for plans from the North Auckland district. Occasionally, in the absence of a primary source, acreage has been established from the Maori Land Court

562 The formula for this decimal calculation is (perches+(roods x 40)+(acres x160))/160 253

Minute Book index entry online. In those cases where the acreage could not be established, this is noted as ‘unknown’.

The final column of the master sheet, COLUMN N, giving the size range in acres, is an analysis column that was added to categorise the blocks by size. Armstrong and Subasic make several arguments about the pattern of blocks brought before the court for titling based on their size. In order to test these arguments against the available data, it was decided to add this field. We were particularly interested in the fate of small blocks (under 500 acres) and large blocks (over 5,000 acres) so decided on the following size range categories: • 100 acres or less • 101-200 acres • 201-300 acres • 301-400 acres • 401-500 acres • 501-1,000 acres • 1,001- 2,000 acres • 2,001-3,000 acres • 3,001-4,000 acres • 4,001-5,000 acres • More than 5,000 acres The master title determination sheet is attached here as Appendix C.

Extent of Auditing and Checking and Limitations of the Data Every attempt has been made to check the data for accuracy as it was being entered into the master sheet. However, the limited time available for the data phase of this project means that this sheet has not been fully audited and there is likely to be a small amount of duplication of block entries (from blocks with the same name in the same district) and some possible double-counting where parcels created by partition (at time of titling or later) have been entered as well as the original block. Some categorisation errors may also remain. However, these should have a minimal effect on the data, which remain precise enough to show broad patterns of titling. In addition, as noted above,

254 there is some level of incompleteness in the data. The number of blocks where the date of titling is unknown is 105 out of the total 1,056 blocks (9.9%) and those blocks where the acreage is unknown total 99 out of the 1,056 blocks (9.4%).

It is also acknowledged that the data gives us only the known Native Land Court blocks in the inquiry district. This falls some way short of accounting for all of the land that should come under this category. A GIS estimate made by Tribunal staff gives a possible total acreage of the inquiry district of 2,102,094 acres. In its statement of position and concessions the Crown put the total acreage of the district at 2,123,148 acres.563 When the figures for Old Land Claim grants, surplus, script, pre-emptive waiver purchases and pre-1865 Crown purchases arrived at by Rigby564 are subtracted from the GIS figure, this suggests that the total area that should have been available to be dealt with by the Court by the start of 1865 was 1,336,896.8 acres. The known blocks listed in the master sheet total 934,745.6 acres (see table below). So we seem to have been able to account for around 70% of calculated acreage available to pass through the Court at the beginning of 1865.

Analysis The tables and graphs used in this report were generated from the master title determination sheet and other sheets (as described below) using pivot tables. The general practice adopted was to exclude blocks that have no known data of titling or have no known acreage for this analysis, except where the ‘unknown’ category is needed to calculate percentages that will sum to 100%, so these can be represented accurately in pie charts and proportional bar and column graphs. Where blocks with unknown data are excluded, this is noted immediately under the table concerned.

563 Wai 1040, #1.3.2, p 11 564 Rigby, A48, A51 and A53 255

Data on the Number of Awardees per Block

One of the questions addressed in the report is how the average number of people granted title to blocks changed over time and what impact this had on the subsequent ability of the Crown to purchase the land. Although it does not contain all the blocks now identified, the SOPAC sheet did give the number of people awarded each block. These data were used to calculate the average number of grantees on titles for each time period.

Data on Restrictions on Alienation

The report features some data on the number of blocks that were restricted from alienation by the Court. These data were provided by a spreadsheet of Crown grants for blocks in the Te Raki inquiry district compiled by Dr Barry Rigby from the bound master set of Crown grants held at Archives New Zealand in Wellington. The data were matched and analysed with the master title determination sheet. Dr Rigby’s original sheet is attached as Appendix D. The joined titling and Crown grant working sheets are attached as Appendix E.

Data on Native Land Court Case Types

The report features some analysis of the changing business of the Court over time, particularly the decline in title determination cases (the initial business of the Court) and the rise in ‘second generation’ activities such as partition and succession cases. As mentioned previously, the small number of cases categorised as rehearings or appeals made it impossible to detect any pattern in the changing frequency of those categories. This analysis was made possible by obtaining from the University of Auckland a copy of the spreadsheet of data that sits behind its online index to Maori Land Court minute books.565 This spreadsheet with additional working columns added (highlighted pink) is included here as Appendix F. This spreadsheet contained data for all the blocks within the Taitokerau Maori Land Court district. Initially it was hoped to be able to sort out of that data set all of the entries for blocks in the inquiry district. Because this proved time-consuming, the report uses data for the whole of the court district to give a sense

565 http://www.knowledge-basket.co.nz/databases/maori-land-court-minute-book-index/ 256 of the broad changes in the patterns of the Court’s activity over time. It is likely that these broad patterns were reflected in the inquiry district as well.

Data for Crown Purchases

While the primary focus of this report is not land alienation, the purchase of land that had been put through the Court revealed some clear connections between the way that the Court operated and the Crown’s land purchasing programme, particularly during the 1870s and the 1890s. The spreadsheet of Crown purchasing data created by Dr Rigby in his validation report on Crown purchasing between 1866 and 1900566 was matched with the titling data for blocks that had been purchased. This combined spreadsheet is attached as Appendix G. The columns in regular font have been taken from the title determination master sheet, while those in CAPITALS have been taken from Dr Rigby’s spreadsheet. Where a block has been subject to several purchases, but those occurred within the same time period, all relevant purchase deed numbers, dates and years have been included in a single entry and the areas of the individual purchases summed to give a total figure for acres purchased in that block. Rigby deducted a percentage from his figure for the total acres purchased by the Crown to account for blocks that lay partly outside the Te Raki inquiry district. This deduction was ignored here as we have included all blocks that lie wholly or partly in the inquiry district.

Data for Private Purchasing

This report has not provided an extensive analysis of the pattern of private purchasing of Maori land in the inquiry district between 1865 and 1900. This is partly because the connections between the operation of the Native Land Court and private purchasing are far less clear in the existing research (and this report is essentially an analysis of that research). But it is also because the data relating to private purchasing is poor. The SOPAC sheet uses the Berghan block narratives to try to quantify the extent of private purchasing. However, it is unclear how extensive and systematic Berghan’s search for private purchases was. The SOPAC sheet aggregated private purchasing into time periods, but unfortunately those time periods are different from those used in this report’s analysis. In addition, the land areas shown as privately purchased on the SOPAC

566 Rigby, A56 257 sheet are recorded in hectares rather than acres, so they require converting to acres if they are to be used.

Because of a degree of imprecision in Berghan, there is also a reasonably significant amount of private purchasing that has been categorised as ‘[date] not stated, prob[ably] before 1900’ and ‘[date] not stated at all’. However, this is the only systematic data on private purchasing available for the inquiry district. Therefore, these figures have been cited in the body of the report, and give some idea of the extent of private purchasing and how this changed over time.

258

Appendix C: Title Determination Master Sheet

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Source Time period A R P A_dec Source Reference Size range Ahimate Whangarei 18 September 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 75 0 0 75.00 ML Plan ML 3583 100 or less Ahitunutawa (Te) Bay of Islands 29 August 1893 1893 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 28 2 10 28.56 ML Plan ML 861 100 or less Ahuahu Bay of Islands 3 November 1897 1897 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 128 0 0 128.00 ML Plan ML 6585 101-200 Ahuorongo (Te) No. 1 Hokianga 13 June 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 7 1 34 7.46 ML Plan 12153 100 or less Ahuorongo (Te) No. 2 Hokianga 13 June 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 12 0 0 12.00 ML Plan 2510 100 or less Ahutoatoa Hokianga 6 March 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 4,277 0 0 4,277.00 ML Plan ML 93 4,001-5,000 Akarana Bay of Islands 3 December 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 16 0 0 16.00 ML Plan ML 525 100 or less Akeake (Te) Mahurangi 26 January 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 9 0 0 9.00 ML Plan ML 87 100 or less Akitone No.1 Bay of Islands 10 December 1878 1878 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1 0 28 1.18 NLC CT 3338 100 or less Aotahi Whangarei 11 December 1900 1900 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 126 0 0 126.00 ML Plan ML 6425 101-200 Apu (Te) Whangarei 15 May 1940 1940 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 3 2 0 3.50 ML Plan ML 12691 100 or less Arairiri Hokianga 2 January 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 63 0 0 63.00 ML Plan ML 1470 100 or less Arawhatatotara No.1 Hokianga 7 April 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1,187 0 0 1,187.00 ML Plan ML 3178 1,001-2,000 Arawhatatotara No.2 Hokianga 7 April 1875 and 15 November 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 2,129 0 0 2,129.00 ML Plan ML 3178 2,001-3,000 Aroha Bay of Islands 1 December 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 30 0 0 30.00 ML Plan ML 411 100 or less Aukumeroa Whangarei 14 September 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 3,045 0 0 3,045.00 ML Plan ML 3483 3,001-4,000 Aupouri (Te) Whangarei 14 July 1897 1897 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 1,043 1 0 1,043.25 ML Plan ML 6603 1,001-2,000 Aute (Te) Hokianga 1 March 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 76 0 0 76.00 ML Plan ML 2225 100 or less Aute (Te) Bay of Islands 28 February 1890 1890 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 73 0 0 73.00 ML Plan ML 357-A 100 or less Awaawaroa Bay of Islands 4 January 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 49 0 0 49.00 ML Plan ML 287 100 or less Awahe [ML 174A] Bay of Islands 9 May 1883 1883 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 12 0 0 12.00 ML Plan ML 174-A 100 or less Awahe [ML 2226] Bay of Islands 17 April 1882 1882 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 33 2 0 33.50 ML Plan ML 4426 100 or less Awamutu (Te) Whangarei 12 July 1877 1877 NLC CT 1875-1880 20 0 0 20.00 ML Plan ML 3746 100 or less Awaroa (Te) Hokianga 25 November 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 13,113 0 0 13,113.00 NLC CT 454 / 455 More than 5,000 Awarua [ML 3135] Whangarei 8 April 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 3,100 0 0 3,100.00 ML Plan ML 3135 3,001-4,000 Awarua [ML 9316] Whangarei 26 May 1915 1915 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 1,803 0 0 1,803.00 ML Plan ML 9316 1,001-2,000 Awataha (Te) Hokianga 6 March 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 290 0 0 290.00 ML Plan ML 97 201-300 Epurua Bay of Islands 2 July 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 64 0 0 64.00 ML Plan ML 942 100 or less Haawhe (Te) Whangarei 7 February 1882 1882 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 1 0 0 1.00 ML Plan ML 4986 100 or less Haowhenua [ML 1918] Bay of Islands 23 November 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 111 0 0 111.00 ML Plan ML 1918 101-200 Haowhenua [ML 2223] Bay of Islands 3 January 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 21 0 0 21.00 ML Plan ML 2223 100 or less Hapairua Whangarei 21 August 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 20 2 0 20.50 ML Plan ML 4616 100 or less Hapanga (Te) Hokianga 1 November 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 13 0 0 13.00 ML Plan ML 231 100 or less Hapanga (Te) Hokianga 1940s? 1940 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 13 0 0 13.00 Crown Grants data 100 or less Hape (Te) Whangarei 7 February 1882 1882 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 235 0 0 235.00 ML Plan ML 5222 201-300 Haratai Hokianga 1 November 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 146 0 0 146.00 ML Plan ML 403 101-200 Hariru & Poutai Bay of Islands 10 November 1887 1887 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 43 0 0 43.00 ML Plan ML 948 100 or less Hatoi Whangarei 19 June 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan ML 618 100 or less Hatoi 1 Whangarei 17 December 1895 1895 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 268 0 0 268.00 ML Plan ML 6684 201-300 Hauai Bay of Islands 23 January 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 1,433 3 0 1,433.75 ML Plan ML 8418-2 1,001-2,000 Hauauru Hokianga 26 June 1871 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 288 0 0 288.00 ML Plan ML 2305 201-300 Hauhaupounamu Bay of Islands 17 July 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 142 0 0 142.00 ML Plan ML 877 101-200 Haumi (Te) Whangarei 4 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 226 0 0 226.00 ML Plan ML 799 201-300 Hauraki Bay of Islands 1 July 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 117 0 0 117.00 ML Plan ML 711 101-200 Hautapu (Te) Bay of Islands 14 January 1885 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 113 2 34 113.71 ML Plan ML 5575 101-200 Hauturu Hokianga 10 October 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 585 1 0 585.25 ML Plan ML 2015 501-1,000 Hauturu / Little Barrier Island Mahurangi 18 October 1886 1886 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 6,960 0 0 6,960.00 ML Plan ML 4204 More than 5,000 Hekemaunuunu Bay of Islands 28 March 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 486 2 0 486.50 ML Plan ML 1368 401-500 Hereangutu Bay of Islands 17 July 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 127 0 0 127.00 ML Plan ML 2565 101-200 Herekohu Hokianga 13 June 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 8 3 0 8.75 ML Plan ML 2503 100 or less Herepoho Bay of Islands 23 May 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 66 0 0 66.00 ML Plan ML 1366 100 or less Hihi (Te) [ML 193] Whangarei Unknown 1895 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 416 0 0 416.00 ML Plan ML 193 401-500 Hihi (Te) [ML 6539] Whangarei 7 February 1895 1895 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 25 2 32 25.70 ML Plan ML 6539 100 or less Hihiaua Whangarei 15 May 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 7 2 0 7.50 ML Plan ML 375 100 or less Hikaretu Hokianga 24 December 1873 1873 1865-1874 3 3 0 3.75 NLC CT 449 100 or less Hikurangi Hokianga 26 June 1871 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 3 1 35 3.47 ML Plan ML 2021 100 or less Hoahoaina Whangaroa 28 September 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 156 0 0 156.00 ML Plan ML 233 101-200 Hoahoaina No. 2 Whangaroa Unknown Unknown Unknown 76 2 36 76.73 ML Plan ML 6725 100 or less Hoanga (Te) Whangaroa 2 March 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 49 0 0 49.00 ML Plan ML 3024 100 or less Hoanga (Te) 4 September 1866 1866 NLC MB 1865-1874 685 0 0 685.00 NLC CT 4902 501-1,000 Hokianga township lots 27-29, 35-36 Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Hokianga township lots 37-38, 43-45 Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Honohere Bay of Islands 12 February 1885 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 197 1 27 197.42 ML Plan ML 5576 101-200

259 Appendix C: Title Determination Master Sheet

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Source Time period A R P A_dec Source Reference Size range Hopekako Bay of Islands 27 October 1869 1869 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 79 0 0 79.00 ML Plan ML 717 100 or less Horahora [ML 1083] Whangarei 8 July 1868 1868 1865-1874 403 0 0 403.00 ML Plan ML 1083 401-500 Horahora [ML 8855] Whangarei 14 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1,922 0 0 1,922.00 ML Plan ML 3795 1,001-2,000 Horahora No. 1 29 September 1868 1868 1865-1874 Unknown Unknown Horahora No. 2 14 November 1871 1871 1865-1874 Unknown Unknown Horeke Hokianga 11 April 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 16 0 28 16.18 NLC CT ML 99 / CT 329 100 or less Horeke (North) 16 November 1865 1865 1865-1874 Unknown Unknown Horeke (South) 16 November 1865 1865 1865-1874 Unknown Unknown Horena Bay of Islands 30 December 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 29 0 0 29.00 ML Plan ML 274 100 or less Horo (Te) Bay of Islands 1 November 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 122 1 25 122.41 ML Plan ML 3293 101-200 Horotiu Hokianga 7 April 1885 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 826 1 37 826.48 ML Plan ML 5573 501-1,000 Horu Whangaroa 2 January 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 4 3 18 4.86 ML Plan ML 2224 100 or less Huahua Hokianga 20 September 1915 1915 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 5 0 0 5.00 ML Plan ML 7933 100 or less Huanui Whangarei 16 September 1871 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 297 0 0 297.00 ML Plan ML 1296 201-300 Huatau Hokianga 21 April 1903 1903 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 184 0 18 184.11 ML Plan ML 8134 101-200 Huawai Mahurangi 26 January 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 729 0 0 729.00 ML Plan ML 87-A 501-1,000 Hue Hue 2 Whangarei 18 January 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1,580 0 0 1,580.00 ML Plan ML 3693 1,001-2,000 Huiarau Bay of Islands 7 March 1890 1890 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 21 1 36 21.48 ML Plan ML 3678 100 or less Hukahuka Bay of Islands 19 January 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan ML 2480 100 or less Hukanui Hokianga 4 January 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1 1 12 1.33 ML Plan ML 1586 100 or less Hukerenui Whangarei Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 19,500 0 0 19,500.00 ML Plan ML 2967 More than 5,000 Hukerenui Block VIII Section 12 Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown 200 0 0 200.00 ML Plan ML 10379 101-200 Hunoke (Te) Hokianga 4 January 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 25 3 3 25.77 ML Plan ML 12081 100 or less Huria Bay of Islands 3 February 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 25 2 36 25.73 ML Plan ML 1166 100 or less Huruata Whangaroa 7 September 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan ML 214 100 or less Hurukore Tuatahi Whangarei 4 September 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 30 0 0 30.00 ML Plan ML 157 100 or less Hurupaki Whangarei 28 November 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 362 0 0 362.00 ML Plan ML 2630 301-400 Ikaroa (Te) Bay of Islands 1 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 115 0 0 115.00 ML Plan ML 849 101-200 Iweri (Te) Whangarei 26 August 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 99 0 0 99.00 ML Plan ML 4608 100 or less Kaahu (Te) Hokianga 6 November 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 130 0 0 130.00 ML Plan ML 383 101-200 Kahakaharoa Hokianga 15 November 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 3,560 0 0 3,560.00 ML Plan ML 8099 3,001-4,000 Kahakaharoa 2 Whangarei 7 February 1882 1882 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 1,314 0 0 1,314.00 ML Plan ML 5128 1,001-2,000 Kahikatea Hokianga 18 April 1885 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 5 3 28 5.93 ML Plan ML 5803 100 or less Kahikatoa [ML 251] Hokianga 2 July 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 797 1 33 797.46 NLC CT 39 501-1,000 Kahikatoa [ML 7270] Whangaroa 11 September 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 440 0 0 440.00 ML Plan ML 7270 401-500 Kahuietieke Whangarei 12 February 1895 1895 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 39 0 32 39.20 ML Plan ML 6339 100 or less Kahuwera Whangarei 22 August 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 124 0 0 124.00 ML Plan ML 48 101-200 Kaihiki Bay of Islands 18 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 154 0 0 154.00 ML Plan ML 6038 101-200

Kaikopere Whangaroa Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Unknown Unknown Kaikou 2 Whangarei 28 June 1910 1910 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 3,303 0 0 3,303.00 ML Plan ML 8016 3,001-4,000 Kaikou 3 Whangarei 26 January 1911 1911 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 10,292 0 0 10,292.00 ML Plan ML 8017 More than 5,000 18 May 1905 (Kaikou E and F), 10 November 1916 Kaikou A-F Whangarei (Kaikou A1, A2, A3, B, C, and D) 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 4,844 0 0 4,844.00 ML Plan ML 4483 4,001-5,000 Kaingapipiwai Whangaroa 7 October 1875? 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 3,539 0 0 3,539.00 ML Plan ML 3319 3,001-4,000 Kaingapokanoa Bay of Islands 1 February 1869 1869 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 107 0 0 107.00 ML Plan ML 1109 101-200 Kaingapokeno Whangaroa 3 November 1899 1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 340 0 0 340.00 ML Plan ML 3717 301-400 Kaipatiki 23 February 1871 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 3,454 0 0 3,454.00 NLC CT 5000 3,001-4,000 Kairaurau Bay of Islands 18 January 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 244 0 0 244.00 ML Plan ML 2057 201-300 Kairawaru Whangaroa 26 March 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 506 0 0 506.00 ML Plan ML 1580 501-1,000 Kaitakapu Whangarei 4 September 1929 1929 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 50 1 30 50.44 ML Plan ML 12657 100 or less Kaitara 2 Whangarei 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 6,722 0 0 6,722.00 ML Plan ML 567 More than 5,000 Kaiwaka Bay of Islands 24 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 15 0 0 15.00 ML Plan ML 3644 100 or less Kaiwhakairi Bay of Islands 1 June 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 268 0 0 268.00 ML Plan ML 428 201-300 Kaiwhakarau Hokianga 24 April 1917 1917 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 11 0 0 11.00 ML Plan ML 10546 100 or less Kakahoroa Whangarei 25 August 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 366 0 0 366.00 ML Plan ML 4432 301-400 Kakamatenga Bay of Islands 4 April 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 65 0 0 65.00 ML Plan ML 173 100 or less Kakamatenga 2 Bay of Islands 28 March 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan ML 1163 100 or less Kamore Bay of Islands 3 December 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 7 0 0 7.00 ML Plan ML 521 100 or less Kanaerehe Bay of Islands 1 December 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 491 0 0 491.00 ML Plan ML 598 401-500 Kapo (Te) Bay of Islands 3 April 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 6 0 0 6.00 ML Plan ML 171 100 or less

260 Appendix C: Title Determination Master Sheet

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Source Time period A R P A_dec Source Reference Size range Kapowai Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 1,164 2 0 1,164.50 ML Plan ML 11729 1,001-2,000 Kapurahoru Bay of Islands 4 April 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 492 0 0 492.00 ML Plan ML 429 401-500 Karae (Te) Hokianga 30 April 1907 1907 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Karaka (Te) [ML 180] Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 76 0 0 76.00 ML Plan ML 180 100 or less Karaka (Te) [ML 2482] Hokianga 4 June 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 10 3 10 10.81 ML Plan ML 2482 100 or less Karaka (Te) [ML 2623] Whangaroa 19 July 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 11 0 25 11.16 ML Plan ML 2653 100 or less Karaka (Te) [ML 282] Whangarei 15 May 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 11,710 0 0 11,710.00 ML Plan ML 282 More than 5,000 Karaka (Te) [ML 293] Bay of Islands 2 May 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 13 0 0 13.00 ML Plan ML 293 100 or less Karakahuarua Bay of Islands 3 October 1899 1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 291 2 0 291.50 ML Plan ML 6710 201-300 Karatia Hokianga 4 May 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 5 0 2 5.01 ML Plan ML 4859 100 or less Karawa (Te) Bay of Islands 29 October 1887? 1887 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 76 0 0 76.00 ML Plan / MLCMBI ML 6042 100 or less Karetu Bay of Islands 20 October 1899 1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 3,900 0 0 3,900.00 ML Plan ML 6708 3,001-4,000 Karewa Hokianga 7 March 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 45 0 0 45.00 ML Plan ML 162 100 or less Karu (Te) Bay of Islands 19 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 417 0 0 417.00 ML Plan ML 3280 401-500 Karuhiruhi Hokianga 3 July 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 5,280 0 0 5,280.00 ML Plan ML 202 More than 5,000 Katikati Whangaroa 26 March 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 181 0 0 181.00 ML Plan ML 1578 101-200 Kauaeoruruwahine (Te) Hokianga 1 June 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 9,281 1 55 9,281.59 ML Plan ML 3230 More than 5,000 Kauaeranga Whangarei 5 July 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 3,672 0 0 3,672.00 ML Plan ML 3672 3,001-4,000 Kauhoehoe Hokianga 16 February 1883? 1883 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 Unknown Unknown Kaungarapa Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 130 0 0 130.00 ML Plan ML 10796 101-200 Kauri (Te) [ML 3065] Hokianga 20 August 1874 1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 17 2 20 17.63 ML Plan ML 3065 100 or less Kauri (Te) [ML 3643] Bay of Islands 16 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 180 0 0 180.00 ML Plan ML 3643 101-200 Kauri (Te) [ML 381] Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 115 0 0 115.00 ML Plan ML 381 101-200 Kaurinui Bay of Islands 5 May 1898 1898 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 3,280 1 14 3,280.34 ML Plan ML 5919 3,001-4,000 Kauriputete Whangaroa 14 April 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 2,706 0 0 2,706.00 ML Plan ML 3185 2,001-3,000 Kauriroa Hokianga 1 November 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 638 0 0 638.00 ML Plan ML 385 501-1,000 Kawa Mahurangi 23 May 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 1,083 0 0 1,083.00 ML Plan ML 11015 1,001-2,000 Kawakawa (Te) Hokianga 10 October 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 109 3 20 109.88 ML Plan ML 2029 101-200 Kawakawa sections Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Keatekahu Bay of Islands 7 February 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 39 0 0 39.00 ML Plan ML 860 100 or less Kerewhenua Bay of Islands 1 July 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 44 0 0 44.00 ML Plan ML 769 100 or less Ketenikau Whangarei 24 August 1949 1949 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 272 0 0 272.00 ML Plan ML 29 201-300 Ketetangariki Bay of Islands 27 January 1880 1880 1875-1880 1,600 0 0 1,600.00 NLC CT 3365 1,001-2,000 Kioreroa Whangarei 20 September 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 3,891 0 0 3,891.00 ML Plan ML 3494 3,001-4,000 Kiri Kiri No. 1 Whangarei 21 August 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1 2 5 1.53 ML Plan ML 46 100 or less Kiri Kiri No. 2 Whangarei 21 August 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1 0 0 1.00 NLC CT 238 100 or less Kiri Kiri No. 3 Whangarei 21 August 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 4 0 0 4.00 NLC CT 239 100 or less Kiri Kiri No. 4 Whangarei 21 August 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 4 0 0 4.00 NLC CT 240 100 or less Kiri Kiri No. 5 Whangarei 21 August 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 17 0 0 17.00 NLC CT 241 100 or less Kiri Kiri No. 6 Whangarei 17 March 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 4 0 0 4.00 NLC CT 218 100 or less Kiri Kiri No. 6A Whangarei 17 March 1866 1866 MLCMBI 1865-1874 Unknown Unknown Kirikiri-Pawhaoa Bay of Islands 9 April 1901 1901 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 461 2 32 461.70 ML Plan ML 6655 401-500 Kiripaka (Te) Whangaroa 5 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 4 2 29 4.68 ML Plan ML 3385 100 or less Kiripaka (Te) Whangarei 29 August 1891 1891 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 998 0 0 998.00 ML Plan ML 6109 501-1,000 Ko Ngaho [Ngaho?? - check Berghan] Hokianga 9 February 1871 1871 1865-1874 127 0 0 127.00 NLC CT 389 101-200 Koare (Te) Whangarei 16 March 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 35 0 0 35.00 ML Plan ML 23 100 or less Kohatuotehaua Bay of Islands 7 December 1926 1926 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 187 0 0 187.00 ML Plan ML 8009 101-200 Kohatutaka Hokianga 18 May 1909 NIB MLCMBI 1900-1920 13,717 0 0 13,717.00 MLCMBI More than 5,000 Kohatutatangi Hokianga 31 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1 3 11 1.82 ML Plan ML 3220 100 or less Kohatuwhawha Whangarei 13 February 1913 1913 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 440 0 0 440.00 ML Plan ML 8104 401-500 Kohekohe Bay of Islands 1 April 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 18 0 0 18.00 ML Plan ML 1169 100 or less Kohekohe No. 2 29 April 1869 1869 1865-1874 238 0 0 238.00 NLC CT 4960 201-300 Kohewhata Bay of Islands 15 August 1906 1906 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 2,040 0 0 2,040.00 ML Plan ML 7345-2 2,001-3,000 Kohinui Whangarei 5 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 54 0 0 54.00 ML Plan ML 698 100 or less Kohoao (Te) Whangarei 4 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 170 0 0 170.00 ML Plan ML 703 101-200 Koihanga Bay of Islands 18 January 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 27 3 0 27.75 ML Plan ML 2056 100 or less Kokinga (Te) Bay of Islands 23 February 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 30 1 0 30.25 ML Plan ML 8418-1 100 or less Kokohuia Hokianga 3 September 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 522 0 0 522.00 ML Plan ML 2779 501-1,000 Komakorataiao Hokianga 26 June 1871 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 7 0 0 7.00 ML Plan ML 2020 100 or less Komiti (Te) Bay of Islands 1 February 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 170 0 0 170.00 ML Plan ML 878 101-200 Komiti (Te) Hokianga 2 July 1866 1866 1865-1874 74 2 0 74.50 NLC CT 366 100 or less Kopenui Whangarei 17 May 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 95 0 0 95.00 ML Plan ML 353 100 or less Kopipi Whangarei 1 September 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 260 0 0 260.00 ML Plan ML 289 201-300

261 Appendix C: Title Determination Master Sheet

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Source Time period A R P A_dec Source Reference Size range Kopuakawau Bay of Islands 7 April 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 0 2 25 0.66 ML Plan ML 9717 100 or less Kopuatoetoe Whangarei 31 May 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 3,396 1 2 3,396.26 ML Plan ML 4332 3,001-4,000 Kopuawaiwaha Whangarei 27 March 1865? 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1,588 0 0 1,588.00 ML Plan ML 34 1,001-2,000 Kopuniongaho Whangarei 14 May 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 257 0 0 257.00 ML Plan ML 392 201-300 Korakanui Hokianga 11 April 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 0 3 14 0.84 NLC CT ML 96 / CT 327 100 or less Koropana (Te) Whangarei 15 September 1871 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 4 0 0 4.00 ML Plan ML 701 100 or less Korotangi (Te) Mahurangi 29 January 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 17 0 0 17.00 ML Plan ML 88 100 or less Koroto (Te) Mahurangi 3 May 1869 1869 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 23 0 0 23.00 ML Plan ML 1455 100 or less Kotaiha Whangarei 27 November 1865 1865 1865-1874 88 0 0 88.00 ML Plan ML 36 100 or less Kotuku Bay of Islands 11 March 1908 1908 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 1,174 0 0 1,174.00 ML Plan ML 7269 1,001-2,000 Koutumongeao (aka Koutu Mangeru) Hokianga Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 209 0 0 209.00 ML Plan ML 3430 201-300 Kowhai Bay of Islands 3 January 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 73 0 0 73.00 ML Plan ML 285 100 or less Kowhatuhuri Bay of Islands 1 May 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 53 0 0 53.00 ML Plan ML 340 100 or less Kumi (Te) Whangarei 4 September 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 112 0 0 112.00 ML Plan ML 268 101-200 Kura (Te) Hokianga 10 November 1921 1921 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 1 3 21 1.88 ML Plan ML 3428 100 or less Kuranui Bay of Islands 3 April 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 5 0 0 5.00 ML Plan ML 172 100 or less Kura-o-te-Rangi (Te) Hokianga 7 November 1933 1933 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 3 2 30 3.69 ML Plan ML 2485 100 or less Kuwaru Whangaroa 27 October 1869 1869 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 49 0 0 49.00 NLC CT ML 722 / CT 1065 100 or less Mahimahi Whangaroa 6 October 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 1,750 0 0 1,750.00 ML Plan ML 6799 1,001-2,000 Mahinepua Whangaroa 7 March 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 642 0 0 642.00 ML Plan ML 419 501-1,000 Mai (Te) Whangarei 14 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 15 0 0 15.00 NLC CT 271 100 or less Mai (Te) No. 2 Whangarei 15 September 1871 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 15 0 0 15.00 ML Plan ML 945 100 or less Maika (Te) Whangarei 26 August 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 486 2 37 486.73 ML Plan ML 4106 401-500 Maire (Te) Bay of Islands 24 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 23 0 0 23.00 ML Plan ML 3644 100 or less Maketawa Whangarei 19 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 140 0 0 140.00 ML Plan ML 3546 101-200 Makomako Whangaroa 24 March 1914 1914 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 19 0 32 19.20 ML Plan ML 8862 100 or less Mamaku (Te) (shared) Bay of Islands 10 December 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 122 0 0 122.00 ML Plan ML 293 101-200 Mamaku (Te) (shared) Bay of Islands 10 December 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 122 0 0 122.00 ML Plan ML 293 101-200 10 December 1885 (Manawakore 1), 21 May 1917 Manawakore Nos.1 & 2 Hokianga (Manawakore 2) 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 15 2 0 15.50 ML Plan ML 3071 100 or less Manewhenua Bay of Islands 22 March 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 Unknown Unknown Mangahoutoa 21 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 295 0 0 295.00 NLC CT 1040 201-300 Mangahui Whangarei 26 August 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1,653 0 0 1,653.00 ML Plan ML 4432 1,001-2,000 Mangaiti No. 1 Whangaroa 3 January 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 60 0 0 60.00 ML Plan ML 2320 100 or less Mangaiti No. 2 Whangaroa 3 January 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 17 0 0 17.00 ML Plan ML 2321 100 or less Mangaiti No. 3 Whangaroa 3 January 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 9 0 14 9.09 ML Plan ML 2322 100 or less Mangakahia No. 2 Whangarei Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 13,987 0 0 13,987.00 ML Plan ML 6571-B More than 5,000 Mangakakahi Whangarei 10 November 1898 1898 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 367 0 0 367.00 ML Plan ML 155 301-400 Mangakaramua Bay of Islands 2 November 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 36 0 0 36.00 ML Plan ML 238 100 or less Mangakino Hokianga 1 June 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 752 0 0 752.00 ML Plan ML 3265 501-1,000 Mangakirikiri Whangarei 2 February 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1,000 0 0 1,000.00 ML Plan ML 3289 501-1,000 Mangakowhara Whangarei 17 June 1914 1914 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 9,980 0 0 9,980.00 ML Plan ML 7600 More than 5,000 Mangamaru Hokianga 9 November 1887 1887 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 1,327 2 0 1,327.50 ML Plan ML 4659 1,001-2,000 Mangamuka East Whangaroa 27 November 1889 1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 6,840 0 0 6,840.00 ML Plan ML 3608-B More than 5,000 Mangamuka West Hokianga 15 August 1904 1904 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 327 2 0 327.50 ML Plan ML 6700 301-400 Manganuiowae Hokianga 25 June 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 7,520 0 0 7,520.00 ML Plan ML 3264 More than 5,000 Mangaparuparu Bay of Islands 3 January 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 27 0 0 27.00 ML Plan ML 286 100 or less Mangapukahukahu Whangaroa 5 February 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1,360 0 0 1,360.00 ML Plan ML 4203 1,001-2,000 Mangapupu Hokianga 1 January 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 890 0 0 890.00 ML Plan ML 1063 501-1,000 Mangareporepo Bay of Islands 4 July 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 27 0 0 27.00 ML Plan ML 941 100 or less Mangaroa Whangarei 14 May 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1,900 0 0 1,900.00 ML Plan ML 4310-A 1,001-2,000 Mangataipa Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Mangataraire Bay of Islands 19 October 1869 1869 MLCMBI 1865-1874 200 0 0 200.00 MLCMBI 101-200 Mangataraire [ML 248] Bay of Islands 23 March 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 115 0 0 115.00 ML Plan ML 248 101-200 Mangataraire [ML 3383] Bay of Islands 9 April 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 2,730 0 0 2,730.00 ML Plan ML 3383 2,001-3,000 Mangatawai Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown 748 0 0 748.00 ML Plan ML 4807-A 501-1,000 5 April 1882 (Mangatawai 1), 25 October 1887 Mangatawai 1 and 2 Bay of Islands (Mangatawai 2) 1882 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 735 0 0 735.00 ML Plan 4807B 501-1,000 Mangatawhiri No. 1 Mahurangi 27 April 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1,957 0 0 1,957.00 ML Plan ML 2215 1,001-2,000 Mangatawhiri No. 2 Mahurangi 27 April 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1,435 0 0 1,435.00 ML Plan ML 2215 1,001-2,000 Mangatawhiri No. 3 Mahurangi 27 April 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 230 0 0 230.00 ML Plan ML 2215 201-300 16 April 1876 (Mangatete), 19 April 1876 Mangatete Bay of Islands (Mangatete - school site) 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 73 2 21 73.63 ML Plan ML 3095 100 or less

262 Appendix C: Title Determination Master Sheet

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Source Time period A R P A_dec Source Reference Size range Mangawhati Whangarei 16 March 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 944 0 0 944.00 ML Plan ML 35 501-1,000 Mangawhero Hokianga 1 January 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1,402 0 0 1,402.00 ML Plan ML 1064 1,001-2,000 Mania (Te) Bay of Islands 1 July 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 100 0 0 100.00 ML Plan ML 710 100 or less Manono Mahurangi 23 May 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Manowhenua (Te) Bay of Islands 22 March 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 276 0 0 276.00 ML Plan ML 177 201-300 Manukarere Bay of Islands 18 January 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 21 0 0 21.00 NLC CT ML 2314 / CT 852 100 or less Manukau Bay of Islands 3 August 1868 1968 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 263 0 0 263.00 ML Plan ML 719 201-300 Manunu Hokianga 3 April 1889 1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 9 0 0 9.00 ML Plan ML 2512 100 or less Manuoha Hokianga 5 July 1929 1929 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 384 0 23 384.14 ML Plan ML 12797 301-400 Manurewa Bay of Islands 15 February 1883 1883 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 20 1 32 20.45 ML Plan ML 4410 100 or less Mapuna Whangarei 27 June 1885 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 157 0 32 157.20 ML Plan ML 4939 101-200 Maramatautini Bay of Islands 1 May 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 92 0 0 92.00 ML Plan ML 341 100 or less Mareikura Whangarei 20 February 1889 1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 4,569 0 0 4,569.00 ML Plan ML 6187 4,001-5,000 Marino No. 1 Bay of Islands 3 December 1869 1869 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 4 2 18 4.61 ML Plan ML 1049 100 or less Marino No. 2 Bay of Islands 2 April 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 27 0 30 27.19 ML Plan ML 3198 100 or less Maromaku Whangarei 6 February 1882 1882 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 4,428 0 0 4,428.00 ML Plan ML 4483 4,001-5,000 Maroparea Hokianga 1 May 1911 1911 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 8 3 0 8.75 ML Plan ML 7752 100 or less Maroro (Te) Bay of Islands 2 February 1869 1869 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 13 0 0 13.00 ML Plan ML 297 100 or less Maruarua No.2 Whangarei 8 July 1893 1893 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 82 3 0 82.75 ML Plan ML 6392 100 or less Maruata Whangarei 4 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 560 0 0 560.00 ML Plan ML 704 501-1,000 Marumaru Whangarei 25 March 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 400 0 0 400.00 ML Plan ML 3209 301-400 Marutoia Whangaroa 26 March 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 13 0 0 13.00 ML Plan ML 1579 100 or less Marutuna Bay of Islands 26 August 1893 1893 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 12 0 33 12.21 ML Plan ML 6404 100 or less Mata (Te) 2 August 1873 1873 1865-1874 Unknown Unknown Matai Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan ML 7933 100 or less Matairiri No.1 Bay of Islands 2 August 1873 1873 1865-1874 17 0 0 17.00 NLC CT 830 100 or less Matairiri No.2 Bay of Islands 2 August 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 17 0 0 17.00 ML Plan ML 2751 100 or less Matakaraka Whangarei 19 July 1915 1915 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 396 0 0 396.00 ML Plan ML 6695 301-400 Matakohe Whangarei 9 March 1865 1865 1865-1874 93 0 0 93.00 NLC CT 198 100 or less Matangirau Whangaroa Unknown Unknown Unknown 190 0 0 190.00 ML Plan ML 4143 101-200 Matapaia Bay of Islands 4 December 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 208 0 0 208.00 ML Plan ML 275 201-300 Matapouri Whangarei 19 January 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 124 0 0 124.00 ML Plan ML 2323 101-200 Matarau Whangarei 16 April 1912 1912 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 300 0 0 300.00 ML Plan ML 7660 201-300 Mataraua Whangarei 30 June 1909 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 4,880 0 0 4,880.00 ML Plan ML 8144 4,001-5,000 Matataiki No.s 1 & 2 Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown 29 3 0 29.75 ML Plan ML 7933 100 or less Matauri Whangaroa 20 October 1909 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 2,167 2 29 2,167.68 ML Plan ML 6800 2,001-3,000 Matawaia Bay of Islands 12 March 1908 1908 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 89 2 31 89.69 ML Plan ML 7756 100 or less Matihetihe Hokianga 23 June 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 1,510 0 0 1,510.00 ML Plan ML 9187 1,001-2,000 Matuku Hokianga 23 June 1868 1868 1865-1874 54 0 0 54.00 ML Plan ML 859 100 or less Mauiui (aka Mauwiwi) Hokianga 23 June 1868 1868 1865-1874 6 1 16 6.35 ML Plan ML 887 100 or less Maungakaramea No. 2 Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown 370 0 0 370.00 ML Plan ML 6340 301-400 Maungakawakawa [ML 8799] Bay of Islands 21 July 1909 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Maungakawakawa [ML 951] Bay of Islands 25 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 417 0 0 417.00 ML Plan ML 951 401-500 Maunganui No.1 Bay of Islands 22 August 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 770 3 11 770.82 ML Plan ML 8418-2 501-1,000 Maunganui No.2 Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown 1,022 1 24 1,022.40 ML Plan ML 8418-2 1,001-2,000 Maungapohatu Whangarei 29 August 1906 1906 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Maungarei Whangarei 6 February 1882 1882 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 640 0 0 640.00 ML Plan ML 5234 501-1,000 Maungaroa Hokianga 8 December 1885 1885 MLCMBI 1881-1889 100 0 0 100.00 ML Plan / MLCMBI ML 1805-A 100 or less Maungaru Whangarei 5 September 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 21,319 0 0 21,319.00 ML Plan ML 311 More than 5,000 Maungatauhoro Mahurangi 26 January 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 70 0 0 70.00 ML Plan ML 83 100 or less Maungataururu Bay of Islands 4 December 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 51 0 0 51.00 ML Plan ML 949 100 or less Maungatawhiri 26 April 1866 1866 1865-1874 5,397 0 0 5,397.00 NLC CT 4887 More than 5,000 Maungaturoto Bay of Islands 1 April 1909 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 1,220 0 0 1,220.00 ML Plan ML 6589 1,001-2,000 Maunu Whangarei 19 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 3,454 0 0 3,454.00 ML Plan ML 3743-1 3,001-4,000 Mautakirua Bay of Islands 23 March 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 27 0 0 27.00 ML Plan ML 7299 100 or less Mimirohia Bay of Islands 2 September 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 346 0 0 346.00 ML Plan ML 517 301-400 Mimitu Ruarei Whangarei 29 January 1914 1914 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 5,030 0 0 5,030.00 ML Plan ML 8782 More than 5,000 Moetangi Hokianga 9 February 1871 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 534 3 0 534.75 ML Plan ML 2019 501-1,000 Mohinui Bay of Islands 3 January 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1,941 0 0 1,941.00 ML Plan ML 394 1,001-2,000 Mokau No.2 Bay of Islands 26 November 1878 1878 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 451 0 0 451.00 ML Plan ML 186 401-500 Moke (Te) Bay of Islands 2 September 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 304 0 0 304.00 ML Plan ML 595 301-400 Mopi (Te) Hokianga 29 November 1866 1866 1865-1874 6 0 0 6.00 ML Plan ML 203 100 or less Morakerake Bay of Islands 3 December 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 30 3 37 30.98 ML Plan ML 246 100 or less

263 Appendix C: Title Determination Master Sheet

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Source Time period A R P A_dec Source Reference Size range Motairehe Mahurangi Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Motatau No.1 Whangarei 2 March 1906 1906 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Motatau No.2 Whangarei 21 September 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Motatau No.3 Bay of Islands 11 August 1909 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Motatau No.4 Bay of Islands 24 August 1909 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Motatau No.5 Bay of Islands 2 August 1909 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Motuhanga Whangaroa Unknown Unknown Unknown 15 0 0 15.00 ML Plan ML 3190 100 or less Motukaraka East Hokianga 29 March 1889 1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 1,500 0 0 1,500.00 ML Plan ML 6014 1,001-2,000 Motukaraka West Hokianga 22 October 1897 1897 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 2,450 0 0 2,450.00 ML Plan ML 6014 2,001-3,000 Motukaroro Whangarei 6 February 1882 1882 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 1 0 13 1.08 ML Plan ML 5130 100 or less Motukauri Bay of Islands 3 April 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 15 0 0 15.00 ML Plan ML 188 100 or less Motukawaiti Whangaroa 26 October 1909 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 93 2 32 93.70 ML Plan ML 8509 100 or less Motukawanui Whangaroa 27 April 1912 1912 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 780 0 0 780.00 ML Plan ML 7272 501-1,000 Motukehua Bay of Islands 20 September 1897 1897 1890-1899 15 0 0 15.00 ML Plan ML 12739 100 or less Motukiore Hokianga 20 September 1897 1897 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 2,666 0 0 2,666.00 ML Plan ML 7177 2,001-3,000 Motukiwi Whangarei 8 March 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 11 2 0 11.50 ML Plan ML 27 100 or less Motukura Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Motungangara Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown 3 3 30 3.94 ML Plan ML 14485 100 or less Motuotawa Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Motuparapara Whangarei 17 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 186 0 0 186.00 NLC CT 280 101-200 Moturahurahu Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown 7 0 0 7.00 ML Plan ML 13905 100 or less Moturua Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown 374 0 0 374.00 ML Plan ML 6670 301-400 Motutaiko Mahurangi Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Motutere Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown 3 3 0 3.75 ML Plan ML 13935 100 or less Motuti Hokianga 17 November 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 158 0 0 158.00 ML Plan ML 3646 101-200 Naturahi Bay of Islands 2 January 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 11 0 0 11.00 ML Plan ML 185 100 or less Nehu (Te) Hokianga 18 March 1882 1882 1881-1889 3 2 0 3.50 ML Plan ML 2505 100 or less Ngaere (Te) Mahurangi 20 February 1871 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 330 0 0 330.00 ML Plan ML 1947 301-400 Ngaho (Ko) Hokianga 10 October 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 127 0 0 127.00 ML Plan ML 2022 101-200 Ngahuha Bay of Islands 22 August 1867 1867 1865-1874 1,259 0 0 1,259.00 ML Plan ML 181 1,001-2,000 Ngako (Te) No. 1 Bay of Islands 11 October 1873 1873 1865-1874 72 0 0 72.00 ML Plan ML 2689 100 or less Ngako (Te) No. 2 Bay of Islands 21 July 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 104 0 0 104.00 NLC CT ML 2689 / CT 831 101-200 Ngamahanga [ML 4321] Bay of Islands 24 June 1893 1893 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 64 0 0 64.00 ML Plan ML 4321 100 or less Ngamahanga [ML 6209] Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown 27 3 28 27.93 ML Plan ML 6209 100 or less Ngamahanga [ML 864] Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown 49 0 0 49.00 ML Plan ML 864 100 or less Ngamahanga Pakaraka Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown 29 1 14 29.34 ML Plan ML 12661 100 or less 18 September 1871 (Ngamokotuaitara 1), 26 Ngamakotuaitara 1 and 2 Whangarei November 1873 (Ngamokotuaitara 2) 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 Unknown Unknown Ngamakotuaitara No. 1 Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown 27 0 0 27.00 ML Plan ML 2335 100 or less Ngamokooneone Bay of Islands 9 February 1871 1871 1865-1874 137 0 0 137.00 ML Plan ML 210 101-200 Ngamutu Whangarei 19 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 140 1 29 140.43 ML Plan ML 3547 101-200 Ngaohe (Te) Bay of Islands 18 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 7 2 0 7.50 ML Plan ML 3414 100 or less Ngapipito Bay of Islands 6 April 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 895 0 0 895.00 ML Plan ML 3171 501-1,000 Ngapuku Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Ngarangipakura Whangarei 14 March 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 309 0 0 309.00 ML Plan ML 28 301-400 Ngararatunua A-D Whangarei 13 May 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 14 3 25 14.91 ML Plan ML 3934-A 100 or less Ngararatunua No. 2 Whangarei 4 June 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 Unknown Unknown Ngaropa Bay of Islands 8 August 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 6 0 0 6.00 ML Plan ML 2405 100 or less Ngatahuna 1 Whangarei 24 January 1870 1870 1865-1874 882 0 0 882.00 ML Plan ML 529 501-1,000 Ngatapapa 2 Whangarei 1 December 1894 1894 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 80 0 0 80.00 ML Plan ML 6545 100 or less Ngateri Bay of Islands 2 February 1869 1869 1865-1874 13 0 0 13.00 ML Plan ML 1167 100 or less Ngatokaturua Bay of Islands 2 July 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 58 0 0 58.00 ML Plan ML 870 100 or less Ngatuaka Hokianga 2 November 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1,762 0 0 1,762.00 ML Plan ML 866 1,001-2,000 Ngaturitahau Bay of Islands 24 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 70 0 0 70.00 ML Plan ML 713-A 100 or less Ngawhakaparapara Whangarei 14 September 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 8 0 0 8.00 ML Plan ML 3589 100 or less Ngawhakarikiriki Whangarei 7 May 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 143 0 0 143.00 ML Plan ML 4319 101-200 Ngawhakatikitu Whangarei 3 February 1882 1882 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 92 2 0 92.50 ML Plan ML 4335 100 or less Ngawhitu Bay of Islands 4 January 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1,903 0 0 1,903.00 ML Plan ML 228 1,001-2,000 Nimaru Mahurangi 23 May 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 502 2 0 502.50 ML Plan ML 11015_1 501-1,000 Ninihi Bay of Islands 9 November 1887 1887 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 303 2 0 303.50 ML Plan ML 4629 301-400 Nokenoke Mahurangi 25 January 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 38 0 0 38.00 ML Plan ML 69 100 or less Nukutawhiti Whangarei 15 May 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 12,168 0 0 12,168.00 ML Plan ML 281 More than 5,000 Oakura Bay of Islands 20 October 1909 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 1,316 0 0 1,316.00 ML Plan ML 8159 1,001-2,000

264 Appendix C: Title Determination Master Sheet

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Source Time period A R P A_dec Source Reference Size range Ohakiri Whangaroa 6 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 43 0 0 43.00 ML Plan ML 3217 100 or less Oharotu Hokianga 3 September 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 10 2 0 10.50 ML Plan ML 2778 100 or less Ohauhau Whangaroa 10 January 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 10 3 30 10.94 ML Plan ML 112 100 or less Ohauroro Whangaroa 10 February 1953 1953 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 Unknown Unknown Ohawini Bay of Islands 22 November 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 83 3 0 83.75 ML Plan ML 2055 100 or less Ohinemuri No. 1 Bay of Islands 12 January 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 0 3 31 0.94 ML Plan ML 2222 100 or less Ohinemuri No. 3 Bay of Islands 19 January 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 2 0 0 2.00 ML Plan ML 2319 100 or less Ohineturere Hokianga 23 January 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 54 0 0 54.00 ML Plan ML 3679 100 or less Ohineuru Bay of Islands 20 January 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 24 0 0 24.00 ML Plan ML 2221 100 or less Ohirua Whangarei 5 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 2 3 9 2.81 ML Plan ML 4095 100 or less Ohuangaro Bay of Islands 7 January 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 21 0 0 21.00 ML Plan ML 3166 100 or less Ohuangaro No. 2 Bay of Islands 17 July 1875 1875 1875-1880 5 0 0 5.00 NLC CT 460 100 or less Ohuirua 2 Whangarei 3 February 1882 1882 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 3 2 37 3.73 ML Plan ML 4933 100 or less Oikura Bay of Islands 3 March 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 2,106 0 0 2,106.00 ML Plan ML 3175 2,001-3,000 Oio Whangaroa 2 January 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 23 3 0 23.75 ML Plan ML 2194 100 or less Okahu [ML 86] Mahurangi 26 January 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 2,408 0 0 2,408.00 ML Plan ML 86 2,001-3,000 Okahu [ML 9706] Bay of Islands 3 February 1898 1898 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 52 3 20 52.88 ML Plan ML 9706 100 or less Okaka Bay of Islands 2 March 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 900 0 0 900.00 ML Plan ML 3177 501-1,000 Okaroro Whangarei Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 2,698 3 17 2,698.86 ML Plan ML 14782 2,001-3,000 Okauru Bay of Islands 2 September 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 106 0 0 106.00 ML Plan ML 592 101-200 Okokako [ML 10767] Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 90 0 0 90.00 ML Plan ML 10767 100 or less Okokako [ML 453] Bay of Islands 3 December 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 64 0 0 64.00 ML Plan ML 453 100 or less Okopako Hokianga 10 June 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 330 0 0 330.00 ML Plan ML 3257 301-400 Okorihi Hokianga 2 June 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 931 2 0 931.50 ML Plan ML 3216 501-1,000 Okura No.2 Whangaroa 5 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 491 0 0 491.00 ML Plan ML 3467A 401-500 Okuratope Bay of Islands 20 November 1903 1903 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 74 0 0 74.00 ML Plan ML 8240 100 or less Omahuta Whangaroa 9 June 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 Unknown Unknown Omaikao Whangarei 20 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 4,744 0 0 4,744.00 ML Plan ML 3701 4,001-5,000 Omanene Whangarei 6 July 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 290 0 0 290.00 ML Plan ML 3673 201-300 Omanu Bay of Islands 13 December 1892 1892 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 104 0 0 104.00 ML Plan ML 5892 101-200 Omanuhiri Bay of Islands 18 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1 3 0 1.75 ML Plan ML 3437 100 or less Omapere No. 1 Hokianga 25 January 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 766 0 0 766.00 ML Plan ML 2623-A 501-1,000 2 July 1866 (Omapere), 2 November 1866 (Omapere 1), 2 November 1866 (Omapere), not stated Omapere No. 2 Hokianga (Omapere South) 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 59 0 0 59.00 ML Plan ML 2623-A 100 or less Omapere No. 3 Hokianga 25 January 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 5 1 0 5.25 ML Plan ML 2623-A 100 or less Ompare sections Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Omarokura Hokianga 25 January 1889 1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 127 0 0 127.00 ML Plan ML 6182 101-200 Omataroa Whangaroa 7 April 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 3,320 0 0 3,320.00 ML Plan ML 3179 3,001-4,000 Omaunu Whangaroa 27 November 1878 1878 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 Unknown Unknown Onemaroke Bay of Islands 8 January 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 156 0 0 156.00 ML Plan ML 3164 101-200 Onewa Hokianga 3 January 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 27 0 0 27.00 ML Plan ML 890 100 or less Onewhero Mahurangi 23 May 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 271 0 0 271.00 ML Plan ML 11015_1 201-300 Ongawhi Bay of Islands 16 January 1885 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 32 2 8 32.55 ML Plan ML 5912 100 or less Onoke Whangarei 19 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 138 0 0 138.00 ML Plan ML 3548 101-200 Opa Bay of Islands 2 September 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 164 0 0 164.00 ML Plan ML 599 101-200 Opaheke Mahurangi 23 February 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 19 2 0 19.50 ML Plan ML 85-A 100 or less Opahi Mahurangi 25 January 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 123 0 0 123.00 ML Plan ML 84 101-200 Opango Bay of Islands 4 December 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 45 0 0 45.00 ML Plan ML 226 100 or less Opara Hokianga 17 August 1866 1866 1865-1874 81 0 0 81.00 ML Plan ML 205 100 or less Opito Bay of Islands 3 February 1898 1898 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 147 0 32 147.20 ML Plan ML 6673 101-200 Opononi Hokianga Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Unknown Unknown Opouteke 2 Whangarei 14 May 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 2,735 0 0 2,735.00 ML Plan ML 4484 2,001-3,000 Opuawhango No.1 Whangarei 16 May 1867 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 9,450 0 0 9,450.00 NLC CT 258 More than 5,000 Opuawhango No.2 Whangarei 16 May 1867 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 6,784 0 0 6,784.00 NLC CT 259 More than 5,000 Opuawhango No.3 Whangarei 16 May 1867 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1,782 0 0 1,782.00 NLC CT 260 1,001-2,000 Opuawhango No.4 Whangarei 16 May 1867 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 15,157 0 0 15,157.00 ML Plan ML 784 More than 5,000 Opuhete Whangarei 16 September 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 348 0 0 348.00 ML Plan ML 3534 301-400 Opuhiiti Nos.1-5 Whangaroa 5/6 September 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 186 0 0 186.00 ML Plan ML 3180 101-200 Opuka Hokianga 3 November 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 286 0 0 286.00 ML Plan ML 888 201-300 Opuka No. 2 Hokianga 10 October 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 70 2 0 70.50 ML Plan ML 2026 100 or less Orauruwharo No. 1 Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown 55 2 0 55.50 ML Plan ML 7499 100 or less Orauruwharo No. 2 Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown

265 Appendix C: Title Determination Master Sheet

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Source Time period A R P A_dec Source Reference Size range Orauruwharo No. 3 Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Orauruwharo No. 4 Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Orauruwharo No. 5 Bay of Islands 3 July 1868 1868 1865-1874 100 0 0 100.00 NLC CT 910 100 or less Orauruwharo No. 6 Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Orauruwharo No. 7 Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Orauruwharo No. 8 Bay of Islands 1 December 1868 1868 1865-1874 42 0 0 42.00 NLC CT 902 100 or less Orira Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Oriwa [ML 316] Whangarei 2 September 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 415 0 0 415.00 ML Plan ML 316 401-500 Oriwa [ML 8641] Hokianga 1 February 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 3 0 0 3.00 ML Plan ML 8641 100 or less Orokaraka Mahurangi 27 January 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 8 0 0 8.00 ML Plan ML 89 100 or less Orokawa Bay of Islands 23 February 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 475 3 20 475.88 ML Plan ML 8418-1 401-500 Oromahoe Bay of Islands 20 January 1880, 1 August 1914 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1,128 0 0 1,128.00 ML Plan ML 8924 1,001-2,000 Orongotea Hokianga 1 November 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 336 0 0 336.00 ML Plan ML 230 301-400 Oropa No. 2 Bay of Islands 9 December 1878 1878 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 30 2 33 30.71 ML Plan ML 10140 100 or less Orotere Whangaroa 5 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 77 0 0 77.00 ML Plan ML 3218 100 or less Ota Whangaroa 5 May 1882 1882 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 10 2 32 10.70 ML Plan ML 3181-A 100 or less Otaere Bay of Islands 5 December 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 25 0 0 25.00 ML Plan ML 1057 100 or less Otaere No. 2 Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 121 0 0 121.00 ML Plan ML 6377 101-200 Otaha Bay of Islands 4 October 1894? 1894 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 Unknown Unknown Otaika Whangarei 14 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 4 0 56 4.35 ML Plan ML 6186/ NLC 3659, 3660 100 or less Otamaiti Whangarei 13 November 1908 1908 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 175 0 0 175.00 ML Plan ML 6675 101-200 Otamarua Bay of Islands 1 July 1896 1896 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 313 2 18 313.61 ML Plan ML 6583 301-400 Otangaroa [ML 3234] Hokianga 17 June 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 6,850 0 0 6,850.00 ML Plan ML 3234 More than 5,000 Otangaroa [ML 3263] Whangaroa 5 May 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 2,880 0 0 2,880.00 ML Plan ML 3263 2,001-3,000 Otaniwha Whangarei 9 February 1885 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 1,216 1 0 1,216.25 ML Plan ML 5553 1,001-2,000 Otao Bay of Islands 20 December 1910 1910 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Otapapa Whangarei 28 November 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 20 0 0 20.00 ML Plan ML 2631 100 or less Otara [ML 3707A] Whangarei 19 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 128 0 0 128.00 ML Plan / NLC CT 3642 ML 3707-A 101-200 Otara [ML 530] Bay of Islands 1 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 386 0 0 386.00 ML Plan ML 530 301-400 Otarare Bay of Islands 2 September 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 18 1 23 18.39 ML Plan ML 13939 100 or less Otarawhao Mahurangi 6 February 1866 1866 1865-1874 92 0 0 92.00 ML Plan ML 69 100 or less Otarihau Hokianga 20 June 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1,170 0 0 1,170.00 ML Plan ML 254 1,001-2,000 Otautahi Whangarei 27 June 1885 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 133 0 0 133.00 ML Plan ML 5379 101-200 Otautu Hokianga 10 October 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 316 0 0 316.00 ML Plan ML 2028 301-400 Otawhiri Whangaroa 7 March 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 21 0 0 21.00 ML Plan ML 331 100 or less Oteaka Bay of Islands 12 December 1894 1894 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 8 0 35 8.22 ML Plan ML 6503 100 or less Otengi Whangaroa 5 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 299 0 0 299.00 ML Plan ML 3426 201-300 Otetao Bay of Islands 16 February 1883 1883 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 956 0 0 956.00 ML Plan ML 5560 501-1,000 Otito Whangarei 22 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 62 0 0 62.00 ML Plan/ NLC CT ML 3903 / CT 3668 100 or less Otoataia Hokianga 17 November 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 57 0 0 57.00 NLC CT 3885 100 or less Otonga No. 1 Whangarei 14 May 1867 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 26,810 0 0 26,810.00 ML Plan ML 788 More than 5,000 Otonga No. 2 Whangarei 14 May 1867 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1,226 0 0 1,226.00 ML Plan / NLC CT 229 ML 788 1,001-2,000 Ototope Hokianga 3 May 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 295 0 0 295.00 ML Plan ML 4900 201-300 Otuhi [ML 4999A] Whangarei 25 August 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 295 0 0 295.00 ML Plan ML 4999-A 201-300 Otuhi [ML 7299] Bay of Islands 1 December 1910 1910 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Otuhianga Hokianga 7 November 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 44 0 0 44.00 ML Plan ML 3396 100 or less Otuihi Bay of Islands 9 August 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 0 1 21 0.38 ML Plan ML 2984 100 or less Oturori Hokianga 22 October 1906 1906 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 154 3 15 154.84 ML Plan ML 11605 101-200 Otutahuna Whangarei 8 May 1907 1907 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 253 0 0 253.00 ML Plan ML 6755 201-300 Otutaorau Bay of Islands 11 December 1878 1878 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 447 2 22 447.64 ML Plan ML 2752 401-500 Oue [ML 1094] Hokianga 3 November 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1,348 0 0 1,348.00 ML Plan ML 1094 1,001-2,000 Oue [ML 2938A] Whangarei 3 February 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 3,968 0 0 3,968.00 ML Plan ML 2938-A 3,001-4,000 Oue No. 2 [ML 2938A] Whangarei 10 May 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 Unknown Unknown Oue No. 2 [ML 3274] Hokianga 31 May 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 260 0 0 260.00 ML Plan ML 3274 201-300 Oue Reserve Whangarei Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 100 0 0 100.00 ML Plan ML 3504 100 or less Owai Whangarei 2 September 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 857 0 0 857.00 ML Plan ML 317 501-1,000 Owhata Bay of Islands 17 August 1917 1917 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan ML 8505 100 or less Owhatia Whangarei 4 September 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 205 0 0 205.00 ML Plan ML 154 201-300 Pa (Te) Bay of Islands 18 January 1922 1922 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 6 1 0 6.25 ML Plan ML 10742-1 100 or less Pae (Te) Bay of Islands 31 August 1917 1917 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 728 0 15 728.09 ML Plan ML 8923 501-1,000 Paekotare Whangaroa 13 April 1867 1867 1865-1874 8 0 0 8.00 NLC CT 1047 100 or less Paengatai Hokianga 26 June 1871 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 6 1 17 6.36 ML Plan ML 2304 100 or less Paerata Whangarei 19 January 1892 1892 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 136 0 0 136.00 ML Plan ML 6349 101-200

266 Appendix C: Title Determination Master Sheet

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Source Time period A R P A_dec Source Reference Size range Pahake Bay of Islands 1 December 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 16 0 0 16.00 ML Plan ML 269 100 or less Paheke Hokianga 4 November 1924 1924 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 5 0 35 5.22 ML Plan ML 4876 100 or less Pahekeheke Bay of Islands/Hokianga 10 November 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1,453 0 0 1,453.00 ML Plan ML 3296 1,001-2,000 Pahi (Te) Bay of Islands 5 March 1979 1979 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 Unknown Unknown Pahii (Te) Bay of Islands 23 February 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 115 2 19 115.62 ML Plan ML 8418-1 101-200 Pahinui Whangarei 23 January 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 5,157 0 0 5,157.00 ML Plan ML 3806 More than 5,000 Pahuhu Whangaroa Unknown Unknown Unknown 96 0 0 96.00 ML Plan ML 6255 100 or less Pahunuhunu Whangarei 14 November 1871 1871 1865-1874 440 0 0 440.00 ML Plan ML 2300 401-500 Pahunuhunu No. 2 Whangarei 12 November 1883 1883 1881-1889 101 3 19 101.87 ML Plan ML 5556 101-200 Paihia [ML 418] Whangaroa 7 March 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 89 0 0 89.00 ML Plan ML 418 100 or less Paihia [ML 8055] Hokianga 20 October 1897 1897 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 Unknown Unknown 31 May 1875 (Pakanae 6), 10 June 1875 (Pakanae 1), 12 June 1875 (Pakanae 3), 19 June 1875 (Pakanae 4), 19 June 1875 (Pakanae 5), 21 March 1882 Pakanae Nos.1-6 Hokianga (Pakanae 2) 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 12,666 0 0 12,666.00 ML Plan ML 3267 More than 5,000 Pakanae-Ngapuku Hokianga 10 June 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 Unknown Unknown Pakauotehokio Hokianga 2 November 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 156 0 0 156.00 ML Plan ML 865 101-200 Pakeretu Hokianga 18 June 1886 1886 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 3 1 25 3.41 ML Plan ML 6012 100 or less Pakia Hokianga 11 January 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 12 2 8 12.55 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 1587 / 378 100 or less Pakihiiti Hokianga 1 November 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 90 0 0 90.00 ML Plan ML 3197 100 or less Pakikaikutu Whangarei 14 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 334 0 0 334.00 ML Plan ML 3211 301-400 Pakinga Hokianga 21 November 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 320 0 0 320.00 ML Plan ML 2963 301-400 Pakiri Mahurangi 29 April 1869 1869 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 29,298 0 0 29,298.00 ML Plan ML 1456-A & B More than 5,000 Pakonga [ML 1532] Bay of Islands 28 March 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 30 0 0 30.00 ML Plan ML 1532 100 or less Pakonga [ML 227] Bay of Islands 5 December 1886 1886 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 80 0 0 80.00 ML Plan ML 227 100 or less Pakonga No. 2 Bay of Islands 7 July 1906 1906 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 289 3 31 289.94 ML Plan ML 8240 201-300 Pakonga [ML 332] Whangaroa 13 April 1867 1867 1865-1874 55 0 0 55.00 ML Plan ML 332 100 or less Pakuri Bay of Islands 2 September 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 60 0 0 60.00 ML Plan ML 597 100 or less Panekuri Whangarei 18 February 1895 1895 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 116 3 8 116.80 ML Plan ML 6543 101-200 Paoneone Bay of Islands 3 January 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 702 0 0 702.00 ML Plan ML 2317 501-1,000 Papa (Te) [ML 586] Bay of Islands 16 June 1868 1868 1865-1874 127 0 0 127.00 ML Plan ML 586 101-200 Papa (Te) [ML 629] Bay of Islands 3 February 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 16 0 0 16.00 ML Plan ML 629 100 or less Papakauri [ML 3163] Bay of Islands 25 April 1887 1887 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 960 0 0 960.00 ML Plan ML 3163 501-1,000 Papakauri [ML 3192] Hokianga 1 November 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 32 0 0 32.00 ML Plan ML 3192 100 or less Papakura Bay of Islands 18 January 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 330 0 0 330.00 ML Plan ML 2053 301-400 Papakuri Whangarei 16 May 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 3,167 0 0 3,167.00 ML Plan ML 196 3,001-4,000 Papakuri A 16 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 370 0 0 370.00 NLC CT 284 301-400 Papamai Hokianga 2 June 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 262 0 0 262.00 ML Plan ML 875 201-300 Papaoteinati Mahurangi Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Unknown Unknown Paparahi Bay of Islands 2 August 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 120 0 0 120.00 ML Plan ML 2184 101-200 Paparimurimu Bay of Islands 22 August 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 51 0 0 51.00 ML Plan ML 11567 100 or less Papatawa Whangarei 14 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 262 2 0 262.50 ML Plan ML 3743-1 201-300 Papua Hokianga 5 June 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 576 0 0 576.00 ML Plan ML 2515 501-1,000 Parahaki [ML 2058] Bay of Islands 22 November 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 2,188 0 0 2,188.00 ML Plan ML 2058 2,001-3,000 Parahaki [ML 8257] Whangarei 23 June 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 2,753 0 0 2,753.00 ML Plan ML 8257 2,001-3,000 Parahaki Native Reserve Whangarei 11 October 1869 1869 1865-1874 256 0 0 256.00 NLC CT 283 201-300 Parahaki Reserves Whangarei 16 May 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 458 0 0 458.00 ML Plan ML 1095 401-500 Parahirahi Bay of Islands 16 July 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 5,955 0 0 5,955.00 ML Plan ML 2730 More than 5,000 Parakiore No. 2 Whangarei 10 November 1883 1883 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 84 0 30 84.19 ML Plan ML 5684 100 or less Parakiore No. 1 Whangarei 26 August 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 26 1 0 26.25 ML Plan ML 4474 100 or less Paranake Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Parangarahu Whangarei 14 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 676 0 0 676.00 ML Plan ML 3902 501-1,000 Parapara Hokianga 4 November 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 110 0 0 110.00 ML Plan ML 404 101-200 Pararako Whangaroa 26 March 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 171 0 0 171.00 ML Plan ML 1577 101-200 Parawaha Bay of Islands 3 December 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 50 0 0 50.00 ML Plan ML 594 100 or less Pareanui Bay of Islands 23 February 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 60 3 0 60.75 ML Plan ML 8418-1 100 or less Parematamokau Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 7,255 0 0 7,255.00 ML Plan ML 6835 More than 5,000 Parengaroa Hokianga Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan ML 9188 100 or less Pariotane Whangarei 18 August 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 166 0 0 166.00 ML Plan ML 3590 101-200 Paroa Bay of Islands 1 July 1896 1896 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 91 1 24 91.40 ML Plan ML 6581 100 or less Parua Whangarei 6 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 835 0 0 835.00 ML Plan ML 1004 501-1,000 Parutahi Bay of Islands 2 August 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 180 0 0 180.00 ML Plan ML 2634 101-200 Pataikoka Bay of Islands 3 July 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 67 0 0 67.00 ML Plan ML 252 100 or less

267 Appendix C: Title Determination Master Sheet

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Source Time period A R P A_dec Source Reference Size range Pataua Whangarei 22 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 339 0 0 339.00 ML Plan ML 3945-2 301-400 Pateko Hokianga/Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 28 1 28.5 28.43 ML Plan ML 8237 100 or less Pateretere Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 53 0 0 53.00 ML Plan ML 245 100 or less Patipatiarero Hokianga 19 November 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 53 0 0 53.00 ML Plan ML 3427 100 or less Pato (Te) Whangarei 25 October 1894 1894 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 26 2 0 26.50 ML Plan ML 3718 100 or less Patoetoe Bay of Islands 9 October 1909 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 106 3 0 106.75 ML Plan ML 8505-4 101-200 Patukauae Bay of Islands 4 April 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 216 0 0 216.00 ML Plan ML 469 201-300 Patunga Bay of Islands 31 July 1930 1930 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 1 3 35 1.97 ML Plan ML 6648 100 or less Patutumutumu Bay of Islands 22 January 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1,409 0 0 1,409.00 ML Plan ML 3996 1,001-2,000 Pautouto No. 1 Hokianga 2 September 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 172 0 0 172.00 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 382 / 443 101-200 Pautouto No. 2 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 164 0 0 164.00 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 382 /444 101-200 Pehiaweri Whangarei 22 August 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 289 0 0 289.00 ML Plan ML 43-A 201-300 Pekapekarau Whangarei 19 May 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 5,220 0 0 5,220.00 ML Plan ML 2937-A More than 5,000 Pikinga (Te) Hokianga 4 January 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 30 0 0 30.00 ML Plan ML 1585 100 or less Pikiparia Hokianga 1 March 1894 1894 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 Unknown Unknown Pikopiko Kaumatua Whangarei 14 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 51 0 0 51.00 NLC CT 264 100 or less Pimiro Bay of Islands 3 January 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 863 0 0 863.00 ML Plan ML 376 501-1,000 Pinnacles (The) Whangarei 11 November 1976 1976 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 Unknown Unknown Pipipi (Te) Hokianga 20 November 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 32 0 26 32.16 ML Plan ML 2956 100 or less Pipiro Hokianga Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 14 0 2 14.01 ML Plan ML 9188 100 or less Pipiwai Whangarei 14 May 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1,102 0 0 1,102.00 ML Plan ML 4311 1,001-2,000 Pipiwai No.2 Whangarei 1 May 1907 1907 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 4,540 0 0 4,540.00 ML Plan ML 6807 4,001-5,000 Pipiwharauroa Whangarei 16 May 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 282 0 0 282.00 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 814 / 262 201-300 Piriaue or Piriawe Bay of Islands 7 January 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 6 0 0 6.00 ML Plan ML 3167 100 or less Pirikotaha [ML 2508] Hokianga 13 June 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 9 0 0 9.00 ML Plan ML 2508 100 or less Pirikotaha [ML 2566] Bay of Islands 17 July 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 127 0 0 127.00 ML Plan ML 2566 101-200 Pirikotaha [ML 879] Bay of Islands 11 December 1894 1894 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 271 0 0 271.00 ML Plan ML 879 201-300 Piritaha Whangarei 10 December 1896 1896 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 1,076 1 3 1,076.27 ML Plan ML 6610 1,001-2,000 Piriti (Te) (part) Hokianga 13 June 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 16 2 0 16.50 ML Plan ML 2506 100 or less Piriti (Te) (part) Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 1 27 1.42 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 2506 / 421 100 or less Piriti (Te) Nos.1-2 Hokianga 2 September 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 Unknown Unknown Pohoatua Whangarei 8 May 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 528 0 0 528.00 ML Plan ML 4076 501-1,000 Pohoatua No. 2 Whangarei 28 July 1898 1898 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 113 3 0 113.75 ML Plan ML 5434 101-200 Poieke Hokianga 16 July 1912 1912 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 6 2 0 6.50 ML Plan ML 8419 100 or less Poike Bay of Islands 26 August 1899 1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 527 1 27 527.42 ML Plan ML 6648 501-1,000 Pokaka Whangaroa 21 July 1898 1898 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 138 2 0 138.50 ML Plan ML 6575 101-200 Pokangahere No.2 Bay of Islands 3 December 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 32 0 0 32.00 ML Plan ML 1061 100 or less Pokapu [ML 14465] Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 1,686 0 0 1,686.00 ML Plan ML 14465 1,001-2,000 Pokapu [ML 2513] Hokianga 13 June 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 14 0 0 14.00 ML Plan ML 2513 100 or less Pokapu [ML 3808] Whangarei 25 September 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 421 2 0 421.50 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 3808 / 3661 401-500 Pokapu [ML 6676] Whangarei 21 March 1898 1898 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 28 0 0 28.00 ML Plan ML 6676 100 or less Pokapu [ML 950] Bay of Islands 7 July 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 135 0 0 135.00 ML Plan ML 950 101-200 Pokapu Waiorehu Whangarei 5 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 464 0 0 464.00 ML Plan ML 954 401-500 Pokatuawhenua Bay of Islands 4 December 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 566 0 0 566.00 ML Plan ML 806 501-1,000 Pokeka Bay of Islands 3 November 1897 1897 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 423 2 0 423.50 ML Plan ML 6580 401-500 Poniwhenua Hokianga 2 March 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 75 2 27 75.67 ML Plan ML 3195 100 or less Popo (Te) Bay of Islands 30 January 1885 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 2 1 0 2.25 ML Plan ML 5501 100 or less Poro (Te) Hokianga Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 100 0 0 100.00 ML Plan ML 10745 100 or less Porotaka Bay of Islands 9 December 1897 1897 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 590 0 0 590.00 ML Plan ML 6683 501-1,000 Poroti Whangarei 7 November 1883 1883 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 Unknown Unknown Porotu Bay of Islands 3 February 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 580 0 0 580.00 ML Plan ML 8922 501-1,000 Potaka 369 Hokianga Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 17 0 0 17.00 ML Plan ML 961 100 or less 14 October 1909 (Poukai B1 and B2), 3 September Poukai B Bay of Islands 1931 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Pua (Te) [ML 3165] Bay of Islands 7 January 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 37 0 0 37.00 ML Plan ML 3165 100 or less Pua (Te) [ML 712] Bay of Islands 24 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 285 0 0 285.00 ML Plan ML 712 201-300 Puhata Hokianga Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 26 0 0 26.00 ML Plan ML 7670 100 or less Puhikairarunga Whangarei 7 May 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 332 0 0 332.00 ML Plan ML 4210 301-400 Puhipuhi Whangarei 26 May 1883 1883 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 Unknown Unknown Puhoi Mahurangi 29 January 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 2,351 0 0 2,351.00 ML Plan ML 139 2,001-3,000 Puia (Te) Hokianga 7 April 1885 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 444 0 10 444.06 ML Plan ML 5573 401-500 Pukahakaha [ML 288] Bay of Islands 4 January 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 26 0 0 26.00 ML Plan ML 288 100 or less Pukahakaha [ML 9162] Whangarei 25 November 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 250 0 0 250.00 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 9162 / 308 201-300

268 Appendix C: Title Determination Master Sheet

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Source Time period A R P A_dec Source Reference Size range Pukahu [ML 12663] Bay of Islands 31 July 1930 1930 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 3 1 25 3.41 ML Plan ML 12663 100 or less Pukahu [ML 7271] Hokianga 15 July 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 2,910 0 0 2,910.00 ML Plan ML 7271 2,001-3,000 Pukanui Hokianga 3 July 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 265 0 0 265.00 ML Plan ML 143 201-300 Pukapuka (Te) Mahurangi 21 July 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 361 0 0 361.00 ML Plan ML 81 301-400 Pukarikari Hokianga 3 May 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 13 2 0 13.50 ML Plan ML 4630 100 or less Puke (Te) Hokianga 10 October 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 96 1 0 96.25 ML Plan ML 2027 100 or less Pukehaka Hokianga 10 October 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 43 2 12 43.58 ML Plan ML 2030 100 or less Pukehuia [ML 3207A] Whangarei 24 March 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 380 0 0 380.00 ML Plan ML 3207-A 301-400 Pukehuia [ML 3216] Hokianga 2 June 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 3,270 0 0 3,270.00 ML Plan ML 3216 3,001-4,000 Pukehuia No. 2 Hokianga 20 March 1882 1882 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 1,412 0 0 1,412.00 ML Plan ML 4489 1,001-2,000 Pukekauri Whangarei 10 November 1883 1883 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 292 1 8 292.30 ML Plan ML 5298 201-300 Pukemiro No. 2 Whangarei 8 December 1894 1894 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 110 0 0 110.00 ML Plan ML 6546 101-200 Pukenui No. 1 Whangarei 16 March 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1,195 0 0 1,195.00 ML Plan ML 164 1,001-2,000 Pukeokui Whangarei 14 September 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 189 0 0 189.00 ML Plan ML 3581 101-200 Pukepoto [ML 3809A] Whangarei 14 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1,479 0 0 1,479.00 ML Plan ML 3809-A 1,001-2,000 Pukepoto [ML 7469] Bay of Islands 8 April 1910 1910 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 411 0 0 411.00 ML Plan ML 7469 401-500 Pukepu Kerau Whangarei Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 182 2 10 182.56 ML Plan ML 6189 101-200 Pukerewarewa Whangaroa Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Unknown Unknown Puketaha Whangarei 26 September 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 13 1 12 13.33 ML Plan ML 4688 100 or less Puketaka Bay of Islands 2 January 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 40 0 0 40.00 ML Plan ML 2226 100 or less Puketaka Whangarei 17 May 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 Unknown Unknown Puketapu [ML 523] Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown 230 0 0 230.00 ML Plan ML 523 201-300 Puketapu [ML 534] Hokianga 4 January 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 30 0 0 30.00 ML Plan ML 534 100 or less Puketapu No. 1 [ML 534] Bay of Islands 2 December 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 66 3 29 66.93 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 534 / 908 100 or less Puketapu No. 2 [ML 534] Bay of Islands 2 December 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 15 0 0 15.00 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 534 / 907 100 or less Puketapu No. 3 [ML 534] Bay of Islands 2 December 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 56 1 4 56.28 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 534 / 906 100 or less Puketapu No. 4 [ML 534] Bay of Islands 2 December 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 8 2 13 8.58 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 534 / 905 100 or less Puketapu No. 5 [ML 534] Bay of Islands 2 December 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 82 1 33 82.46 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 534 / 898 100 or less Puketaururu Bay of Islands 1 April 1908 1908 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 390 0 0 390.00 ML Plan ML 7299 301-400 Puketawa [ML 4423] Bay of Islands 20 January 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 111 0 0 111.00 ML Plan ML 4423 101-200 Puketawa [ML 443] Bay of Islands 22 August 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 42 0 0 42.00 ML Plan ML 443 100 or less Puketoro Hokianga 29 May 1886 1886 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 170 2 10 170.56 ML Plan ML 5688 101-200 Puketotara Whangarei 22 August 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 Unknown Unknown Puketutu [ML 3755] Whangarei 14 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 6,050 0 0 6,050.00 ML Plan ML 3755 More than 5,000 Puketutu [ML 8804] Bay of Islands 27 September 1911 1911 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 623 1 0 623.25 ML Plan ML 8804 501-1,000 Pukewharaiki Bay of Islands 8 April 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 2,552 0 0 2,552.00 ML Plan ML 3174 2,001-3,000 Pukewhau Bay of Islands 21 July 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 101 0 0 101.00 ML Plan ML 2622 101-200 Pukoro Bay of Islands 1 June 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 30 0 0 30.00 ML Plan ML 433 100 or less Pukoro A Bay of Islands 8 April 1910 1910 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 15 2 0 15.50 ML Plan ML 7439 100 or less Pukoro No. 2 Bay of Islands 25 April 1889 1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 36 3 29 36.93 ML Plan ML 6199 100 or less Pukorukoru Hokianga 13 November 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 5 1 17 5.36 ML Plan ML 658 100 or less Pumanawa [ML 3093] Bay of Islands 16 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 34 0 0 34.00 ML Plan ML 3093 100 or less Pumanawa [ML 6706] Whangaroa 26 July 1898 1898 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 85 1 8 85.30 ML Plan ML 6706 100 or less Punakitere Bay of Islands 2 June 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 7,557 0 0 7,557.00 ML Plan ML 3270 More than 5,000 Punakitere No. 2 Bay of Islands 3 May 1883 1883 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 4,767 0 0 4,767.00 ML Plan ML 3415-1 4,001-5,000 Punaruku Bay of Islands 25 August 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 3,000 0 0 3,000.00 ML Plan ML 4318 2,001-3,000 Punaruku No. 2 Bay of Islands 25 August 1904 1904 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 1,302 2 0 1,302.50 ML Plan ML 7738 1,001-2,000 Punga (Te) Whangarei 29 January 1914 1914 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 45 0 0 45.00 ML Plan ML 8987 100 or less Pungaere Bay of Islands 4 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 7,304 0 0 7,304.00 ML Plan ML 313 More than 5,000 Pungaere No. 1 Bay of Islands 8 August 1916 1916 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Pupuha (Te) Hokianga 1 May 1911 1911 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 7 0 0 7.00 ML Plan ML 7751 100 or less Pupuke (Te) Whangaroa 19 February 1885 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 2,396 0 0 2,396.00 ML Plan ML 3720 2,001-3,000 Pupuke (Te) No. 1 Whangaroa 29 June 1891 1891 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 521 3 0 521.75 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 3720 / 3949 501-1,000 Pura (pt) Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Pureirei Hokianga Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Unknown Unknown Purerua Bay of Islands 22 March 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 422 0 0 422.00 ML Plan ML 328 401-500 Puriritahi [ML 2025] Hokianga 10 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 29 1 0 29.25 ML Plan ML 2025 100 or less Puriritahi [ML 49] Whangarei 30 August 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 131 0 0 131.00 ML Plan ML 49 101-200 Purua Whangarei 25 June 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 17,010 0 0 17,010.00 ML Plan ML 3130-A More than 5,000 Putahoihoi Bay of Islands 20 January 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 5 0 0 5.00 ML Plan ML 3573 100 or less Putakiwi Whangaroa 15 November 1899 1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 305 2 0 305.50 ML Plan ML 6723 301-400 Putetaka Whangarei 17 May 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 140 0 0 140.00 ML Plan ML 553 101-200 Putoetoe No. 10 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 36 1.23 NLC CT 430 100 or less

269 Appendix C: Title Determination Master Sheet

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Source Time period A R P A_dec Source Reference Size range Putoetoe No. 11 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 34 1.21 NLC CT 431 100 or less Putoetoe No. 12 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 38 1.24 NLC CT 432 100 or less Putoetoe No. 13 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 38 1.24 NLC CT 433 100 or less Putoetoe No. 14 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 36 1.23 NLC CT 434 100 or less Putoetoe No. 15 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 32 1.20 NLC CT 435 100 or less Putoetoe No. 16 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 20 1.13 NLC CT 436 100 or less Putoetoe No. 17 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 32 1.20 NLC CT 437 100 or less Putoetoe No. 18 Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Putoetoe No. 19 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 35 1.22 NLC CT 438 100 or less Putoetoe No. 2 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 1 3 1.27 NLC CT 422 100 or less Putoetoe No. 20 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 35 1.22 NLC CT 439 100 or less Putoetoe No. 21 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 39 1.24 NLC CT 440 100 or less Putoetoe No. 22 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 Unknown Unknown Putoetoe No. 23 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 0 3 35 0.97 NLC CT 441 100 or less Putoetoe No. 3 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 1 0 1.25 NLC CT 423 100 or less Putoetoe No. 4 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 21 1.13 NLC CT 424 100 or less Putoetoe No. 5 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 1 11 1.32 NLC CT 425 100 or less Putoetoe No. 6 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 10 1.06 NLC CT 426 100 or less Putoetoe No. 7 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 31 1.19 NLC CT 427 100 or less Putoetoe No. 8 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 28 1.18 NLC CT 428 100 or less Putoetoe No. 9 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 35 1.22 NLC CT 429 100 or less Rahiri Kotuku Bay of Islands 2 May 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 25 0 0 25.00 ML Plan ML 380 100 or less Rahiri Kotuku No. 2 Bay of Islands 11 June 1867 1867 1865-1874 Unknown Unknown Rahuikuri Whangarei 17 March 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 138 0 0 138.00 ML Plan ML 40 101-200 Rahurahu Hokianga 15 September 1866 1866 1865-1874 20 0 0 20.00 NLC CT 4897 100 or less Raihara [ML 6550J] Whangarei 1 September 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 213 2 0 213.50 ML Plan ML 6550-J 201-300 Raihara [ML 894] Bay of Islands 1 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 17 3 0 17.75 ML Plan ML 894 100 or less Rakaupara Hokianga 24 June 1893 1893 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 2 2 20 2.63 ML Plan ML 9570 100 or less Rakaurere Whangaroa 1 May 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 268 0 0 268.00 ML Plan ML 187 201-300 Rakauwahi Bay of Islands 8 April 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1,372 0 0 1,372.00 ML Plan ML 3174 1,001-2,000 Rakepuka (Te) Hokianga 4 June 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 2 1 15 2.34 ML Plan ML 2483 100 or less Rakitu Mahurangi 9 January 1871 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 626 0 0 626.00 ML Plan ML 2163 501-1,000 Ramarama Bay of Islands 18 January 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan ML 2315 100 or less Ramaroa Bay of Islands 16 June 1915 1915 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 295 0 0 295.00 ML Plan ML 8165 201-300 Rangai Hokianga 16 March 1895 1895 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan ML 7933 100 or less Rangaunu Bay of Islands 22 March 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1,164 0 0 1,164.00 ML Plan ML 178 1,001-2,000 13 February 1926 (Rangiahua), 13 June 1934 Rangiahau & Mahuki Mahurangi (Mahuki) 1926 & 1934 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 135 0 0 135.00 ML Plan ML 12265 101-200 Rangiawhia Hokianga 6 February 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 Unknown Unknown Rangihamama Bay of Islands 22 May 1909 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 408 0 0 408.00 ML Plan ML 7464 401-500 Rangihoua Bay of Islands 13 March 1930 1930 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 5 0 0 5.00 ML Plan ML 12693 100 or less Rangiputa Hokianga 20 September 1915 1915 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 2 0 0 2.00 ML Plan ML 7933 100 or less Rarakareao Bay of Islands 14 October 1890 1890 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 169 3 15 169.84 ML Plan ML 7870 101-200 Ratakamaru Hokianga 21 April 1885 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 95 0 7 95.04 ML Plan ML 4467 100 or less Raumanga Whangarei 17 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 Unknown Unknown Raumanga No. 1 Whangarei 4 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan ML 893 100 or less Raupo (Te) Bay of Islands 3 January 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 66 0 0 66.00 ML Plan ML 271-2 100 or less Rawhiti Bay of Islands 23 February 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Rawhitiroa Whangarei 27 June 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 349 0 0 349.00 ML Plan ML 138 301-400 Rehuotane Whangarei 18 September 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 730 0 0 730.00 ML Plan ML 3584 501-1,000 Reiwhatia Bay of Islands 12 August 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 219 0 0 219.00 ML Plan ML 1165 201-300 Reretiti [ML 250] Bay of Islands 4 December 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 104 0 0 104.00 ML Plan ML 250 101-200 Reretiti [ML 3532] Whangarei 16 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 113 0 0 113.00 ML Plan ML 3532 101-200 Rewarewa (Te) Whangarei 18 March 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 284 0 0 284.00 ML Plan ML 33 201-300 Rimariki Bay of Islands 2 September 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 43 0 0 43.00 ML Plan ML 384 100 or less Rimurere Whangarei 6 July 1885 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 153 0 26 153.16 ML Plan ML 4893-A 101-200 Riu (Te) Bay of Islands 3 December 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 42 0 0 42.00 ML Plan ML 1043 100 or less Rongoroa (Te) Hokianga 20 September 1915 1915 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 0 2 30 0.69 ML Plan ML 7933 100 or less Roro (Te) Whangarei 27 March 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 88 0 0 88.00 ML Plan ML 30 100 or less Roto (Te) Mahurangi 23 May 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 335 3 14 335.84 ML Plan ML 11015 301-400 Rotokakahi Hokianga 25 November 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 7,831 0 0 7,831.00 ML Plan ML 2955-A More than 5,000 Rotokanae Whangarei 4 June 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 72 0 0 72.00 ML Plan ML 4609 100 or less Rotomate Whangarei 2 February 1882 1882 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 19 1 8 19.30 ML Plan ML 4963 100 or less

270 Appendix C: Title Determination Master Sheet

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Source Time period A R P A_dec Source Reference Size range Rotopotakataka Bay of Islands 1 September 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 187 0 0 187.00 ML Plan ML 249 101-200 Ruaki (Te) Hokianga 2 November 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 28 0 0 28.00 ML Plan ML 863 100 or less Ruaotetaniwha Whangarei 14 November 1885 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan ML 5991-A 100 or less Ruapapaka Hokianga 3 January 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 69 2 0 69.50 ML Plan ML 1471 100 or less Ruapekapeka Bay of Islands 27 December 1873 1873 1865-1874 Unknown Unknown Ruarangi Whangarei 28 August 1906 1906 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 39 3 30 39.94 ML Plan ML 8626 100 or less Ruataewao Whangarei 14 May 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 411 0 0 411.00 ML Plan ML 4484 401-500 Ruatahi (Te) Whangarei 2 September 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 2,542 0 0 2,542.00 ML Plan ML 314 2,001-3,000 Ruatuna Hokianga 13 June 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 15 3 0 15.75 ML Plan ML 2507 100 or less Rukuai No. 1 Whangarei 19 November 1867 1867 1865-1874 40 0 0 40.00 ML Plan ML 161-A 100 or less Rukuai No. 2 Whangarei 9 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 590 0 0 590.00 ML Plan ML 161-A 501-1,000 Spithills Whangarei 2 September 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 9 3 24 9.90 ML Plan ML 320 100 or less Sugar Loaf Rock Whangarei 11 November 1976 1976 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 Unknown Unknown Tahaawai Hokianga 12 June 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 11 0 0 11.00 ML Plan ML 2511 100 or less Taheke Whangarei 20 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 3,810 0 0 3,810.00 ML Plan ML 3721 3,001-4,000 Tahuna Kuwaka Mahurangi 23 May 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Tahunakuaka Bay of Islands 20 October 1909 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 181 0 0 181.00 ML Plan ML 261 101-200 Tahungaopuoro Bay of Islands 7 July 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 15 0 0 15.00 ML Plan ML 714 100 or less Taiharuru [ML 3066] Hokianga 20 August 1874 1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 110 1 0 110.25 ML Plan ML 3066 101-200 Taiharuru [ML 4689A] Whangarei 27 September 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 414 0 0 414.00 ML Plan ML 4689-A 401-500 Taihoa Hokianga 7 November 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 223 1 30 223.44 ML Plan ML 3295 201-300 Taikapukapu Bay of Islands 3 September 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 104 0 0 104.00 ML Plan ML 259 101-200 Taikarawa Hokianga 10 October 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 345 3 0 345.75 ML Plan ML 2018 301-400 Taikawhana Hokianga 3 September 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 60 0 0 60.00 ML Plan ML 1113 100 or less Taikawiwi Whangarei 16 March 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 100 0 0 100.00 ML Plan ML 22 100 or less Taikoia Whangarei 4 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 206 0 0 206.00 ML Plan ML 797 201-300 Taimimiti Bay of Islands 13 December 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 50 0 0 50.00 ML Plan ML 807 100 or less Tainga No. 1 (Te) Bay of Islands 3 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 3 3 25 3.91 ML Plan ML 886 100 or less Tainga No. 2 (Te) Bay of Islands 26 March 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 2 1 4 2.28 ML Plan ML 1171 100 or less Tainga No. 3 (Te) Bay of Islands 27 January 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 4 1 20 4.38 ML Plan ML 1942 100 or less Tairutu Hokianga 4 November 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 129 0 0 129.00 ML Plan ML 232 101-200 Taiwhakapiki Hokianga 3 November 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 4 0 0 4.00 ML Plan ML 962 100 or less Taiwhatiwhati Hokianga 29 March 1882 1882 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 300 0 0 300.00 ML Plan ML 3611-A 201-300 Takahiwai Whangarei 30 September 1907 1902 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 1,676 0 0 1,676.00 ML Plan ML 6810 1,001-2,000 Takanga (Te) Hokianga 31 May 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1,750 0 0 1,750.00 ML Plan ML 3282 1,001-2,000 Takanga No. 2 Hokianga 27 January 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 827 0 0 827.00 ML Plan ML 3585 501-1,000 Takangamohi Bay of Islands 3 February 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 11 1 17 11.36 ML Plan ML 1168 100 or less Takatohau Whangarei 5 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 100 0 0 100.00 ML Plan ML 702 100 or less Taketahi (pt) Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Takou East Whangaroa 1 May 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1,237 0 0 1,237.00 ML Plan ML 2578 1,001-2,000 Takou Island Whangaroa 4 May 1966 1966 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 Unknown Unknown Tangakiri Bay of Islands 31 July 1930 1930 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 4 0 18 4.11 ML Plan ML 6648 100 or less Tangatapu Bay of Islands 15 May 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 91 0 0 91.00 ML Plan ML 876 100 or less Tangatapu Umupakeke Bay of Islands 23 February 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Tangihua Whangarei 25 February 1875, 22 February 1895 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 15,600 0 0 15,600.00 ML Plan ML 3131-B More than 5,000 Tangitapu (pt) Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Tangotu (aka Tongatu) Whangarei 16 September 1871 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 13 0 0 13.00 ML Plan ML 1044 100 or less Tapapanui Bay of Islands 3 December 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1,724 0 0 1,724.00 ML Plan ML 245 1,001-2,000 Tapikitu Hokianga Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 6 3 19 6.87 ML Plan ML 12655 100 or less Taporepore Bay of Islands 10 December 1920 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 125 0 0 125.00 ML Plan ML 7299 101-200 Tapuaetahi Bay of Islands 25 March 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 38 0 0 38.00 ML Plan ML 1692 100 or less Tapuwae Hokianga 1882 1882 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 8,115 0 0 8,115.00 ML Plan ML 3649-A More than 5,000 Taraire (Te) Hokianga 11 February 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 30 1 0 30.25 ML Plan ML 6037 100 or less Taraire [ML 3431] Hokianga 11 February 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 915 0 0 915.00 ML Plan ML 3431 501-1,000 Taraire [ML 7345] Bay of Islands 31 March 1908 1908 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 6,030 0 0 6,030.00 ML Plan ML 7345 More than 5,000 Tarakiekie No. 1 Whangarei 9 May 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1,795 0 0 1,795.00 ML Plan ML 4105 1,001-2,000 Tarakiekie No. 2 Whangarei 7 May 1907 1907 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 128 0 0 128.00 ML Plan ML 8123 101-200 Tarakihi Bay of Islands 1 May 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan ML 415 100 or less Taranaki and other islands Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Unknown Unknown Taranga (Hen Island) Whangarei 17 May 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1,175 0 0 1,175.00 ML Plan ML 2106 1,001-2,000 Taranga Wahanui Whangarei 23 June 1885 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 22 2 36 22.73 ML Plan ML 4857 100 or less Taranui (Taraunui) Whangarei 22 December 1873 1873 1865-1874 34 0 0 34.00 ML Plan ML 2325 100 or less Tarata Whangarei 18 September 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 50 1 0 50.25 ML Plan ML 3571 100 or less

271 Appendix C: Title Determination Master Sheet

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Source Time period A R P A_dec Source Reference Size range Tarawapake Whangarei 22 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 36 0 0 36.00 ML Plan ML 3743-1 100 or less Tarawatuturiwhati Hokianga 11 February 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 0 3 38 0.99 ML Plan ML 4427 100 or less Tarewa Whangarei 5 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 29 0 0 29.00 ML Plan ML 855 100 or less Tauaki Whangaroa 9 November 1899 1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 65 0 0 65.00 ML Plan ML 6722 100 or less Taukata Whangarei 10 November 1883 1883 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 116 3 38 116.99 ML Plan ML 4725-C 101-200 Taumaharau Bay of Islands 2 December 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 19 0 0 19.00 ML Plan ML 520 100 or less Taumatahinau Bay of Islands 13 November 1885 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 1,195 0 0 1,195.00 ML Plan ML 5907 1,001-2,000 Taumatamakuku Bay of Islands 2 September 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 405 0 0 405.00 ML Plan ML 395 401-500 Taumatamaukuku Bay of Islands 30 June 1911 1911 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 204 0 0 204.00 ML Plan ML 944 201-300 Taumatapukapuka Bay of Islands 4 July 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 125 0 0 125.00 ML Plan ML 452 101-200 Taumataroa Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 104 2 32 104.70 ML Plan ML 9694 101-200 Taumatawiwi Hokianga 11 April 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 435 0 0 435.00 ML Plan ML 95 401-500 Taupiri Bay of Islands 23 February 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 77 0 13 77.08 ML Plan ML 8418-1 100 or less Tauranga Whangarei 16 March 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 197 0 0 197.00 ML Plan ML 24 101-200 Taurangakawau Bay of Islands 3 January 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 124 0 0 124.00 ML Plan ML 273 101-200 Taurangakotuku Whangarei 15 September 1871 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 50 0 0 50.00 ML Plan ML 1297 100 or less Tautahanga Bay of Islands 2 July 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1,250 0 0 1,250.00 ML Plan ML 716 1,001-2,000 Tautaranui Bay of Islands 23 January 1931 1931 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 2 2 17 2.61 ML Plan ML 9880 100 or less Tautehere Hokianga 17 November 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 693 0 0 693.00 ML Plan ML 3465 501-1,000 25 January 1889 (Tauteihiihi 1), 29 January 1889 Tauteihiihi Hokianga (Tauteihiihi 2) 1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 Unknown Unknown Tauwhitu Hokianga 12 November 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 0 3 38 0.99 ML Plan ML 2962 100 or less Tawa (Te) Whangarei Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 416 0 0 416.00 ML Plan ML 193 401-500 Tawapuku (Te) [ML 184] Whangaroa 25 September 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 103 0 0 103.00 ML Plan ML 184 101-200 Tawapuku [ML 7299] Bay of Islands 1 May 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 103 0 0 103.00 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 7299 / 1003 101-200 Tawata Bay of Islands 29 July 1929 1929 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 Unknown Unknown Tawera (Te) Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Tawharanui Mahurangi 20 March 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1,260 0 0 1,260.00 ML Plan ML 1874 1,001-2,000 Tewha (Te) Hokianga 20 September 1915 1915 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan ML 7933 100 or less Ti (Te) Bay of Islands 1 October 1890 1890 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 702 0 0 702.00 ML Plan ML 12787 501-1,000 Tiakipara Bay of Islands 28 March 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 71 0 0 71.00 ML Plan ML 630 100 or less Tiawhenua Whangarei 23 August 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 33 0 0 33.00 ML Plan ML 41 100 or less Tihiputa Hokianga 16 March 1895 1895 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan ML 7933 100 or less Tihitihi Whangarei 20 September 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 3,630 0 0 3,630.00 ML Plan ML 3492 3,001-4,000 Tii (Te): Mangonui and Tapuaetahi Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 930 0 0 930.00 ML Plan ML 11277 501-1,000 Tio (Te) Hokianga 17 June 1889 1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 870 0 0 870.00 ML Plan ML 6201 501-1,000 Tipatipa Bay of Islands 1 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 323 0 0 323.00 ML Plan ML 628 301-400 Tiringa (Te) Hokianga 20 September 1915 1915 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 6 2 0 6.50 ML Plan ML 7933 100 or less Tirohanga Bay of Islands 2 November 1928 1928 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 Unknown Unknown Toa Toa Bay of Islands 30 April 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 304 3 30 304.94 ML Plan ML 2576 301-400 Toetoe Whangarei 14 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 Unknown Unknown Toihoro Whangarei 26 February 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 87 0 0 87.00 ML Plan ML 3170 100 or less Toiroa (Te) Whangarei 6 February 1895 1895 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 4,446 0 17 4,446.11 ML Plan ML 6573 4,001-5,000 Tokakopuru [ML 12653] Bay of Islands 16 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 Unknown Unknown Tokakopuru [ML 2753] Bay of Islands 11 December 1878 1878 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 623 0 0 623.00 ML Plan ML 2753 501-1,000 Tokakopuru [ML 986] Bay of Islands 17 July 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 175 0 0 175.00 ML Plan ML 896 101-200 Tokatapu Mahurangi 23 May 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Tokatarakihi Whangaroa 26 November 1878 1878 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 173 0 0 173.00 ML Plan ML 4381 101-200 Tokatoka Bay of Islands 3 December 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 19 0 0 19.00 ML Plan ML 492 100 or less Tokatorea Hokianga 28 April 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 2 2 0 2.50 ML Plan ML 4567 100 or less Tokawhero Whangarei 20 April 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 2,727 0 0 2,727.00 ML Plan ML 3189 2,001-3,000 Toke (Te) Bay of Islands 1 June 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 13 0 0 13.00 ML Plan ML 434 100 or less Tokirikiri Whangarei 16 May 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 765 0 0 765.00 ML Plan ML 267 501-1,000 Tokitaruna Whangarei 24 March 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 Unknown Unknown Tokitoki Bay of Islands 26 August 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 65 0 0 65.00 ML Plan ML 4468 100 or less Tongariro Hokianga Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 220 0 0 220.00 ML Plan ML 3605 201-300 Totara Whangaroa 25 November 1878 1878 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 5 2 30 5.69 ML Plan ML 3309 100 or less Totara (Te) [ML 12767] Hokianga 18 March 1940 1940 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 268 2 0 268.50 ML Plan ML 12767 201-300 Totara (Te) [ML 2342] Whangarei 16 September 1871 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 36 0 0 36.00 ML Plan ML 2342 100 or less Totara (Te) [ML 522] Bay of Islands 7 February 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 77 0 0 77.00 ML Plan ML 522 100 or less Totara (Te) [ML 960] Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown 100 0 0 100.00 ML Plan ML 960 100 or less Toukauri Bay of Islands 16 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 20 0 0 20.00 ML Plan ML 2287 100 or less Touotekeene Hokianga 10 February 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 0 3 12 0.83 ML Plan ML 4428 100 or less

272 Appendix C: Title Determination Master Sheet

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Source Time period A R P A_dec Source Reference Size range Toutou Whangarei 18 January 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 405 0 0 405.00 ML Plan ML 3693 401-500 Toutouwai Whangarei 17 May 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 283 0 0 283.00 ML Plan ML 351 201-300 Touwai (Te) [ML 6721] Whangaroa 23 April 1913 1913 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 3,480 0 0 3,480.00 ML Plan ML 6721 3,001-4,000 Touwai (Te) [ML 885] Hokianga 2 November 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 288 0 0 288.00 ML Plan ML 885 201-300 Tuataranui Bay of Islands 23 November 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 12 3 0 12.75 ML Plan ML 1917 100 or less Tuateanui Whangarei 4 June 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 170 0 0 170.00 ML Plan ML 4331 101-200 Tuawhitu Whangarei 22 May 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 167 0 0 167.00 ML Plan ML 3206-A 101-200 Tuhuna Bay of Islands 22 June 1909 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 2,140 0 0 2,140.00 ML Plan ML 7464 2,001-3,000 Tukari Mahurangi 23 May 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Tukituki (Te) Hokianga 5 June 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 63 0 0 63.00 ML Plan ML 2479 100 or less Tukuwhenua Bay of Islands 14 January 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 2,721 0 0 2,721.00 ML Plan ML 3155 2,001-3,000 Tumahia Whangarei 6 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 195 0 0 195.00 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 856 / 268 101-200 Tunapohepohe Whangaroa 1 April 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 2,360 0 0 2,360.00 ML Plan ML 3233-A 2,001-3,000 Tungutu Mahurangi 25 January 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 410 0 0 410.00 ML Plan ML 67 401-500 Tuparehuia Bay of Islands 28 November 1972 1972 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 2 0 0 2.00 ML Plan ML 6400 100 or less Tupou Bay of Islands 9 July 1934 1934 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 31 0 0 31.00 ML Plan ML 12685 100 or less Tupua (Te) Whangarei Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 157 0 0 157.00 ML Plan ML 50 101-200 Turakiawatia Whangarei 12 April 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 175 0 0 175.00 ML Plan ML 17 101-200 Tureikura Bay of Islands 4 January 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 2,037 0 0 2,037.00 ML Plan ML 329 2,001-3,000 Turiapua Whangarei 15 May 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 100 0 0 100.00 ML Plan ML 163 100 or less Turipukunui Whangarei Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 496 0 0 496.00 ML Plan ML 3671 401-500 Turuki (Te) Bay of Islands 1 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 2 1 32 2.45 ML Plan ML 721 100 or less Tutaematai Bay of Islands 4 October 1899 1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 2,552 0 0 2,552.00 ML Plan ML 6709 2,001-3,000 Tutaewhero Whangarei 12 February 1931 1931 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 2 3 16 2.85 ML Plan ML 12683 100 or less Tuturu Whangarei 11 November 1976 1976 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 Unknown Unknown Tuwhakino Bay of Islands 15 July 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1,086 0 0 1,086.00 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 2624 / 827 1,001-2,000 Uakanga Bay of Islands 27 January 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 45 0 0 45.00 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 2316 / 826 100 or less Umuhapuku Bay of Islands 1 February 1869 1869 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 139 0 0 139.00 ML Plan ML 880 101-200 Umupakeke Bay of Islands 1 December 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 17 0 0 17.00 ML Plan ML 1130 100 or less Umutakiura Bay of Islands 6 September 1929 1929 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 24 3 18 24.86 ML Plan ML 12659 100 or less Upokoturuki Bay of Islands 22 March 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 120 0 0 120.00 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 175 / 1025 101-200 Uruhua Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 18 0 0 18.00 ML Plan ML 1056 100 or less Urupa Bay of Islands 1 December 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 311 0 0 311.00 ML Plan ML 283 301-400 Urupukapuka Bay of Islands 23 February 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 514 0 0 514.00 ML Plan ML 7113 501-1,000 Utakura Hokianga 28 January 1896 1896 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 8,400 0 0 8,400.00 ML Plan ML 6562 More than 5,000 Uwhango Hokianga 8 February 1912 1912 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 5 0 0 5.00 ML Plan ML 7933 100 or less Uwhi No. 1 Bay of Islands 1 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 15 0 0 15.00 ML Plan ML 718 100 or less Uwhi No. 2 Bay of Islands 2 February 1869 1869 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 259 0 0 259.00 ML Plan ML 965 201-300 Waerekahakaha Whangarei 21 May 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 2,520 0 0 2,520.00 ML Plan ML 2939 2,001-3,000 Waerengaatua Bay of Islands 2 August 1909 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Waewaetorea Bay of Islands 9 April 1901 1901 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 115 0 0 115.00 ML Plan ML 6670 101-200 Wahamarangai [ML 100] Hokianga 6 March 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 2 0 16 2.10 ML Plan ML 100 100 or less Wahamarangai [ML 94A] Bay of Islands 6 March 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 441 0 0 441.00 ML Plan ML 94-A 401-500 Wahamarangi Hokianga 24 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 2 0 16 2.10 NLC CT 331 100 or less Wahitapu (Te) No. 2 Bay of Islands 12 January 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 0 3 15 0.84 ML Plan ML 1988 100 or less Waianga Hokianga 2 November 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 12 0 0 12.00 ML Plan ML 222 100 or less Waiariki No. 1 Whangarei 16 September 1871 1871 1865-1874 11 0 0 11.00 NLC CT 292 100 or less Waiariki No. 2 Whangarei 16 September 1871 1871 1865-1874 19 2 20 19.63 NLC CT 293 100 or less Waiaruhe [ML 2304] Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown 2,865 0 0 2,865.00 ML Plan ML 3203 2,001-3,000 Waiaruhe [ML 5669] Whangarei 11 February 1895 1895 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 1,121 0 0 1,121.00 ML Plan ML 6569 1,001-2,000 Waihaha Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown 1,135 0 0 1,135.00 ML Plan ML 8645 1,001-2,000 Waihapa Whangaroa 7 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 4,723 0 0 4,723.00 ML Plan ML 3317 4,001-5,000 Waiharakeke Whangarei 7 February 1882 1882 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 15 0 0 15.00 ML Plan ML 5377 100 or less Waihirehe Whangarei Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 98 0 0 98.00 ML Plan ML 391 100 or less Waihoanga No. 1 [ML 3145A] Bay of Islands 1 April 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1,380 0 0 1,380.00 ML Plan ML 3145-A 1,001-2,000 Waihoanga No. 2 [ML 3276] Bay of Islands 19 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 480 0 0 480.00 ML Plan ML 3276 401-500 Waihoanga No. 2 [ML 4615] Whangarei 5 November 1883 1883 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 255 0 0 255.00 ML Plan ML 4615 201-300 Waihoanga No. 1 [ML 4334] Whangarei 4 June 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 384 1 27 384.42 ML Plan ML 4334 301-400 Waihou Whangaroa 7 November 1900 1900 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 7,900 0 0 7,900.00 ML Plan ML 6590 More than 5,000 Waihou Lower A Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown 6,214 2 3 6,214.52 ML Plan ML 7862 More than 5,000 Waihou Lower B Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown 618 0 0 618.00 ML Plan ML 7718_1 501-1,000 Waihou Lower C Hokianga Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 616 2 34 616.71 ML Plan ML 7718_1 501-1,000 Waihou Lower D Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown 1,100 0 0 1,100.00 ML Plan ML 7718_2 1,001-2,000

273 Appendix C: Title Determination Master Sheet

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Source Time period A R P A_dec Source Reference Size range Waiiti No. 2 Whangarei 5 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 23 0 0 23.00 ML Plan ML 700 100 or less Waiiti No. 1 Whangarei 22 August 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 71 0 30 71.19 ML Plan ML 37 100 or less Waikahikatea Bay of Islands 3 February 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 24 0 0 24.00 ML Plan ML 1164 100 or less Waikaraka Whangarei 23 December 1909 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 82 0 0 82.00 ML Plan ML 31 100 or less Waikaramihia Bay of Islands 18 January 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 168 0 0 168.00 ML Plan ML 2054 101-200 Waikare [ML 2017] Hokianga 26 June 1871 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 435 3 0 435.75 ML Plan ML 2017 401-500 Waikare [ML 7260A] Bay of Islands 5 September 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 9,437 0 0 9,437.00 ML Plan ML 7260-A More than 5,000 Waikariri Whangarei 26 November 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 180 0 0 180.00 ML Plan ML 852 101-200 Waikaukau (aka Parutahi No.2) Bay of Islands 16 February 1883 1883 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 3 3 0 3.75 ML Plan ML 4990 100 or less Waikawau Whangarei 15 September 1871 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 30 0 0 30.00 ML Plan ML 1003 100 or less Waikino Bay of Islands 12 January 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 779 0 0 779.00 ML Plan ML 4662 501-1,000 Waiko (Te) Whangarei 5 April 1882 1882 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 848 0 0 848.00 ML Plan ML 4812 501-1,000 Waikohu Bay of Islands 2 April 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 154 0 0 154.00 ML Plan ML 3153 101-200 Waikokopu Bay of Islands 29 September 1900 1900 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 1,151 0 0 1,151.00 ML Plan ML 6611 1,001-2,000 Waikoropupu Whangaroa 5 February 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 8,256 0 7 8,256.04 ML Plan ML 4257 More than 5,000 Waikotihe Bay of Islands 15 July 1873 1873 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 5 1 25 5.41 ML Plan ML 2477 100 or less Waikukupa Whangaroa 7 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1,114 0 0 1,114.00 ML Plan ML 3312 1,001-2,000 Waima North Hokianga Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Unknown Unknown Waima South Hokianga Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Unknown Unknown Waimahanga Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown 314 0 0 314.00 ML Plan ML 2341 301-400 Waimahutahuta Bay of Islands 19 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 178 0 0 178.00 ML Plan ML 3281 101-200 Waimangaro Bay of Islands 2 January 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 193 0 0 193.00 ML Plan ML 211 101-200 Waimatanui 25 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 4,260 0 0 4,260.00 NLC CT 3894 4,001-5,000 Waimimiti Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 1,138 0 0 1,138.00 ML Plan ML 5702 1,001-2,000 Wainui Whangaroa 27 October 1869 1869 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1,418 0 0 1,418.00 ML Plan ML 260 1,001-2,000 Wainui Island Bay of Islands 1 December 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 2 0 0 2.00 ML Plan ML 292 100 or less Waiorakau (Te) Bay of Islands 2 September 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 12 3 16 12.85 ML Plan ML 319 100 or less Waipapa Whangarei 19 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 113 1 28 113.43 ML Plan ML 3935 101-200 Waiparaheka Bay of Islands 25 October 1887 1887 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 86 2 0 86.50 ML Plan ML 3680 100 or less Waiparara Bay of Islands 4 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 29 0 0 29.00 ML Plan ML 583 100 or less Waiparera [ML 3808] Whangarei 14 September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 2,743 0 0 2,743.00 ML Plan ML 3808 2,001-3,000 Waiparera [ML 657] Hokianga 13 November 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 15 0 0 15.00 ML Plan ML 657 100 or less Waipiu (Te) Whangarei 10 November 1883 1883 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 76 2 0 76.50 ML Plan ML 5572 100 or less Waipo/Waerou Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown 49 0 0 49.00 ML Plan ML 6014 100 or less Waipuna [ML 225] Bay of Islands 4 July 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 146 0 0 146.00 ML Plan ML 225 101-200 Waipuna [ML 600] Bay of Islands 2 September 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 382 2 0 382.50 ML Plan ML 600 301-400 Waipuna No. 1 [ML 963A] Whangarei 5 August 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 56 0 0 56.00 ML Plan ML 963-A 100 or less Waipuna No. 2 [ML 963A] Whangarei Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 43 0 0 43.00 ML Plan ML 963-A 100 or less Wairahi (Te) Whangarei 2 September 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1,751 0 0 1,751.00 ML Plan ML 315 1,001-2,000 Wairaupo Whangaroa 14 July 1898 1898 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 32 0 0 32.00 ML Plan ML 4482 100 or less Waireia Hokianga 17 March 1913 1913 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 4,429 0 0 4,429.00 ML Plan ML 8385 4,001-5,000 Wairenga Hokianga Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 32 2 32 32.70 SO Plan SO 6008 100 or less Wairenga No. 1 (pt) Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Wairenga No. 2 (pt) Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Wairere Hokianga 13 September 1897 1897 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 Unknown Unknown Wairoa Hokianga 23 June 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 3,630 0 0 3,630.00 ML Plan ML 9188 3,001-4,000 Wairoa No. 2 Hokianga 20 November 1873 1873 1865-1874 236 0 20 236.13 NLC CT 1106 201-300 Wairua Whangarei Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 27,800 0 0 27,800.00 ML Plan ML 3098-A More than 5,000 Waitaha [ML 2016] Hokianga 26 June 1871 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 344 2 0 344.50 ML Plan ML 2016 301-400 Waitaha [ML 4409] Hokianga Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 16 2 24 16.65 ML Plan ML 4409 100 or less Waitaheke Bay of Islands 25 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 82 0 0 82.00 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 3493 / 3321 100 or less Waitaiki Whangarei 17 March 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 115 0 0 115.00 ML Plan ML 51 101-200 Waitangio Whangaroa 7 September 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 4 0 0 4.00 ML Plan ML 215 100 or less Waitapu [ML 3181] Whangaroa Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 783 0 0 783.00 ML Plan ML 3181 501-1,000 Waitapu [ML 866] Hokianga Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 15 2 25 15.66 ML Plan ML 866 100 or less Waitaraire (Te) Bay of Islands 2 April 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 130 0 0 130.00 ML Plan ML 379 101-200 Waitaraiti Bay of Islands 3 January 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 37 0 0 37.00 ML Plan ML 272 100 or less Waitarata Mahurangi 23 May 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Waitaroto Bay of Islands 3 July 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 7,590 0 0 7,590.00 ML Plan ML 201 More than 5,000 Waitata Bay of Islands 2 December 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 25 0 0 25.00 ML Plan ML 378 100 or less Waitemaringi Bay of Islands 10 August 1871 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 335 0 0 335.00 ML Plan ML 291 301-400 Waiteuku Whangarei 18 September 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 84 1 0 84.25 ML Plan ML 3571 100 or less Waitomotomo Whangarei 16 August 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 8,945 0 0 8,945.00 ML Plan ML 4469-A More than 5,000

274 Appendix C: Title Determination Master Sheet

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Source Time period A R P A_dec Source Reference Size range Waiwarawara Whangarei 18 September 1871 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 1,243 0 0 1,243.00 ML Plan ML 2635 1,001-2,000 Waiwhariki Bay of Islands 28 March 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 868 0 0 868.00 ML Plan ML 1533-A 501-1,000 Waiwhatawhata Hokianga 10 October 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 2,114 0 0 2,114.00 ML Plan ML 2013 2,001-3,000 Warawara Hokianga 25 January 1879 1879 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 404 0 0 404.00 ML Plan ML 3395 401-500 Wawa Bay of Islands 4 June 1909 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 Unknown Unknown Weri (Te) Bay of Islands 4 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 3 1 37 3.48 NLC CT 854 100 or less Werowero Bay of Islands 7 July 1896 1896 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 269 0 27 269.17 ML Plan ML 6584 201-300 Whakaaho Hokianga 13 June 1872 1872 1865-1874 9 2 0 9.50 NLC CT 417 100 or less Whakaaho No.2 Hokianga 10 November 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 5 1 30 5.44 ML Plan ML 3291 100 or less Whakaau Hokianga Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 4 0 0 4.00 ML Plan ML 7933 100 or less Whakahewa Whangarei September 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 71 0 0 71.00 ML Plan ML 3201 100 or less Whakaihunui Whangarei Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 198 0 0 198.00 ML Plan ML 1454 101-200 Whakakoro Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Unknown Unknown Whakanekeneke Bay of Islands 28 February 1898 1898 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 1,870 0 0 1,870.00 ML Plan ML 6681 1,001-2,000 Whakapae Whangarei 6 February 1882 1882 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 Unknown Unknown Whakapakara Bay of Islands 15 August 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 80 0 0 80.00 ML Plan ML 1221 100 or less Whakaparapara Whangarei 23 February 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 113 0 0 113.00 ML Plan ML 3255 101-200 Whakarapa Hokianga Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown 6,651 0 0 6,651.00 ML Plan ML 7266 More than 5,000 Whakarara Whangaroa 3 September 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 3,485 0 0 3,485.00 ML Plan ML 240-B 3,001-4,000 Whakarawerua Hokianga 27 June 1881 1881 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 1,450 0 0 1,450.00 ML Plan ML 2303 1,001-2,000 Whakarongorua Bay of Islands 6 April 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 1,620 0 0 1,620.00 ML Plan ML 3245 1,001-2,000 Whakataha Bay of Islands 13 February 1901 1901 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 1,412 0 0 1,412.00 ML Plan ML 6785 1,001-2,000 Whakatahataha Hokianga 5 May 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 294 0 0 294.00 ML Plan ML 4408 201-300 Whakatere-Manawakaiaia Hokianga March 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 11,828 0 0 11,828.00 ML Plan ML 357-B More than 5,000 Whakaterewhenua Hokianga 2 November 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 158 0 0 158.00 ML Plan ML 296 101-200 Whakateterekia Whangaroa 1 November 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 22 0 0 22.00 ML Plan ML 405 100 or less Whangaihe Whangaroa 19 October 1905 1905 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 565 0 0 565.00 ML Plan ML 6802 501-1,000 Whangaimokopuna Whangarei 18 August 1880 1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 2,089 0 0 2,089.00 ML Plan ML 4892 2,001-3,000 Whangaitini Whangarei 22 February 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 145 0 0 145.00 ML Plan ML 2523 101-200 Whangamumu Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Unknown Unknown Whanganamu Hokianga 9 March 1943 1943 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) After 1920 1 2 33 1.71 ML Plan ML 13149 100 or less Whangaroa Ngaiotonga No.4 Bay of Islands 14 October 1909 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 4,404 1 0 4,404.25 ML Plan ML 6803 4,001-5,000 Whangaruru-Whakaturia Bay of Islands 16 October 1909 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 1,340 0 0 1,340.00 ML Plan ML 6809 1,001-2,000 Whanui Hokianga 17 July 1912 1912 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 179 2 0 179.50 ML Plan ML 7449 101-200 Whapukapirau Bay of Islands 1 April 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 47 0 0 47.00 ML Plan ML 1646 100 or less Whara Bay of Islands 3 January 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 6 0 0 6.00 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 293 / 973 100 or less Wharau (Te) [ML 2246] Bay of Islands 19 January 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 3 3 0 3.75 ML Plan ML 2246 100 or less Wharau (Te) [ML 276] Bay of Islands 4 December 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 173 0 0 173.00 ML Plan ML 276 101-200 Wharau (Te) [ML 992] Bay of Islands 1 February 1869 1869 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 54 1 0 54.25 NLC CT 890 100 or less Wharau [ML 13621] Hokianga 26 February 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 Unknown Unknown Wharauroa (Te) Whangarei 21 August 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 37 0 0 37.00 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 2341-A / 232 100 or less Wharawhara (Te) Bay of Islands 16 February 1883 1886 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 6 0 0 6.00 ML Plan ML 5260 100 or less Wharemarama No. 2 Bay of Islands 16 October 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 4 3 35 4.97 ML Plan ML 3439 100 or less Wharengaere Bay of Islands 2 January 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 401 0 0 401.00 ML Plan ML 427 401-500 Whareora Whangarei Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Unknown Unknown Wharepoke Bay of Islands 28 June 1909 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 2,770 0 0 2,770.00 ML Plan ML 7314 2,001-3,000 Wharerama (Te) Whangarei 22 May 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 300 0 0 300.00 ML Plan ML 3204 201-300 Wharerimu Bay of Islands 22 August 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 159 0 0 159.00 ML Plan ML 325 101-200 Wharewera Whangarei 16 September 1871 1871 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 75 0 0 75.00 ML Plan ML 2294 100 or less Wharikiriki Hokianga 7 November 1900 1900 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 348 1 28 348.43 ML Plan ML 6579 301-400 Wharoro Whangarei 7 April 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 839 0 0 839.00 ML Plan ML 3172-A 501-1,000 Wharowharo Whangarei 10 March 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 117 0 0 117.00 ML Plan ML 20-A 101-200 Wharowharo No. 2 Whangarei 17 March 1866 1866 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 43 0 0 43.00 ML Plan ML 54 100 or less Whataipu [ML 3279] Bay of Islands 31 May 1875 1875 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 2,716 0 0 2,716.00 ML Plan ML 3279 2,001-3,000 Whataipu [ML 4752] Hokianga 9 April 1885 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 286 1 22 286.39 ML Plan ML 4752 201-300 Whataipu [ML 5082] Bay of Islands 30 April 1885 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 66 0 0 66.00 ML Plan ML 5082 100 or less Whatakai Whangarei 19 September 1876 1876 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1875-1880 977 0 0 977.00 ML Plan ML 3582 501-1,000 Whatitiri [ML 1367] Bay of Islands 26 March 1870 1870 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 47 0 0 47.00 ML Plan ML 1367 100 or less Whatitiri [ML 6550] Whangarei 18 February 1895 1895 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1890-1899 Unknown Unknown Whauwhau Pounamu Whangarei 17 May 1867 1867 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 49 0 0 49.00 ML Plan ML 350 100 or less Whawharu Hokianga 13 April 1885 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 1,722 0 0 1,722.00 ML Plan ML 4751 1,001-2,000 Wheorooro Hokianga 2 November 1868 1868 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 136 0 0 136.00 ML Plan ML 889 101-200 Whingingi Hokianga 4 June 1872 1872 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 0 0 18 0.11 ML Plan / NLC CT ML 2484 / 467 100 or less

275 Appendix C: Title Determination Master Sheet

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Source Time period A R P A_dec Source Reference Size range Whirinaki Hokianga 9 December 1885 1885 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1881-1889 2,630 0 0 2,630.00 ML Plan ML 5982-A 2,001-3,000 Whitingaramarama Whangarei 5 Dec 1865 1865 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1865-1874 56 0 0 56.00 ML Plan ML 36 100 or less Wiroa Bay of Islands 5 June 1909 1909 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1900-1920 1,218 2 0 1,218.50 ML Plan ML 6816 1,001-2,000

276 Appendix D: Rigby Crown Grant sheet

Name Location A R P A_dec Grantees D M Y ABWB 8090 file Volume/folio Restrictions Comments Hokianga Township lots 27-28, pt 29, 35-36 1 0 25 1.1563 Arama Karaka Pi 19 9 1865 W/5274/105 30A/122 No On W bank Waima R Hokianga Township Lots 27-29, 35-36 1 0 25 1.1563 Arama Karaka Pi 12 2 1872 W/5274/105 30A/122 No Corrected to incl all lot 29 Hokianga Township lots 37-38, pt 43, 44-45 1 0 31 1.1938 Mohi Tawhai 19 9 1865 W/5274/105 30A/123 No On W bank Waima R Hokianga Township Lots 37-38, 43-45 1 0 31 1.1938 Mohi Tawhai 12 2 1872 W/5274/105 30A/123 No Corrected to incl all lot 43 Motu Kiwi Otakai R mouth 11 2 0 11.5000 Tirarau 2 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/138 No Tapu Point 'bounded at High Water Mark' Pototara Otamatea 53 0 0 53.0000 AK Haututu 2 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/144 No Tamaho Te Anga, Te Tai Papahia, Rangatira Moetara & Te Taumatawiwi Opononi 435 0 0 435.0000 Tahana Marupo 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/153 No Webster land N bdy Horeke S Horeke 0 3 14 0.8375 Tipene Toro 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/155 No Not mapped by CFRT. Roundtree land N bdy Wharerimu Owhareiti W 159 0 0 159.0000 Haratua & Haki Taipa 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/156 No Kirikiri Woodhill 17 0 0 17.0000 Tirarau 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/157 No Horeke N Horeke 16 0 28 16.1750 H K Tawhiti & Atama John 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/158 No Roundtree land both E & W Kirikiri No. 3 Woodhill 4 0 0 4.0000 Tirarau, Renata Titore & Parawhau 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/163 No Puketotara Maruata 180 0 0 180.0000 Eruera Nehua 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/164 No Puketawa Taiamai 42 0 0 42.0000 Tango Hikuwai 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/165 No Kirikiri No. 4 Woodhill 4 0 0 4.0000 Tirarau 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/168 No T W Nene, W W Turau, Rawiri Te Whare, Te Poari Whatarua & Waha Marangi Upper Waihou 565 0 0 565.0000 3 0rs 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/169 No Cancelled 29 Jan 1877 *CFRT map shows 441ac Te Waiiti Otaika 63 3 30 63.9375 Wiremu Te Rimi 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/170 No *CFRT map shows 94 ac for Te Waiiti Nos 1 & 2 Motu o Tawa Whangarei harb Isd 2 1 11 2.3188 Tirarau 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/172 No Kirikiri No. 2 Woodhill 1 0 0 1.0000 Tirarau 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/173 No Kotaiha Maruata 85 0 0 85.0000 Aterea Te Arahi & Perepe Nihi 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/174 No Te Wharauroa Onerahi 37 0 0 37.0000 Wiremu Pohe 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/175 No Pehiawere Maruata 289 0 0 289.0000 Hake Peru 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/176 No Te Tiawhenua Kamo 33 0 0 33.0000 Hirini Tipene Pakia 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/177 No Kirikiri No. 1 Woodhill 1 2 5 1.5313 Tirarau 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/178 No Kahuwera Ngunguru W 124 0 0 124.0000 Haki Whangawhanga 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/179 No Puriri-Tahi Kamo N 131 0 0 131.0000 Hirini Tipene Pakia 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/180 No Te Puia, Hirawani, Mohi Te Peke, Haki Whangawahanga & 4 Ngarangipakura Maruata 309 0 0 309.0000 ors 15 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/182 No Maraihaua, Mohi Poto, Taparoto, Te Ngungu, Atarea Te Arahi Te Rewarewa Kioreroa 284 0 0 284.0000 & 3 ors 18 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/184 No Whitingaramarama Maruata 56 0 0 56.0000 Hake Peru, Eru Nehua, Tame Prihita, Terewini & 2 ors 18 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/186 No Ketenikau Kamo W 272 0 0 272.0000 Te Puia 20 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/188 No Matakohe Whangarei harb Isd 93 0 0 93.0000 Henry Walton 23 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/189 No Ketenikau Kamo W 53 0 0 53.0000 Henry Walton 23 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/190 No Puhoi Mahurangi 2,351 0 0 2,351.0000 Te Hemara Tauhia 12 4 1866 W 5274/108 33A/28 No Cancelled 9 Aug 1872 Urungahauhau East Wairoa 2,367 0 0 2,367.0000 Horatana Te Tirangi & Wi Te Oka 2 12 1865 W 5274/108 33A/31# No # Cancelled 23 Nov 1866 Wi H. Te Tahua, Aperahama Taonui, Hone Kingi Kaihau, Henare Taramoera, Hepehi Whitirua, Mihaka Tupari, Rihari Ahutoatoa Umawera) Ahutoatoa 4,277 0 0 4,277.0000 Raumati, Wi Te Mata, Pangari & Rawiri Te Tahua 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/35 No Webster's land W bdy Wahamarangai Rangiahua) Wahamarangai 2 10 16 4.6000 T W Nene & W W Turau 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/36 No Along Hokianga-Waimate Rd Awataha Omanaia) Awataha 290 0 0 290.0000 Wi Titore & Penetana Papahurihia 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/37 No Webster's land W bdy Taikawiwi Woodhill) Taikawiwi 100 0 0 100.0000 Tirarau 'of Te Wairoa' 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/39 No

Te Koare Mangapai R mouth) Te Koare 35 0 0 35.0000 Taurau 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/40 No Kirikiri No. 6A Woodhill) Kirikiri No. 6A 0 1 17 0.3563 Renata Manihera 'of Wharowharo' 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/41 No Fork of Wairoa & Waipu Rds

Wharo Wharo No. 2 Woodhill) Wharo Wharo No. 2 43 0 0 43.0000 Renata Manihera 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/42 No Native Cultivations' within S bdy Rahuikuri Parua Bay) Rahuikuri 138 0 0 138.0000 Horomona Kaihou [Kaikou] 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/43 No Native Cultivations' near bay

277 Appendix D: Rigby Crown Grant sheet

Name Location A R P A_dec Grantees D M Y ABWB 8090 file Volume/folio Restrictions Comments Waitaiki Parua Bay) Waitaiki 115 0 0 115.0000 Hata Kingi Tahui & Mohi Tarore 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/44 No On the bay Kirikiri No. 6 Woodhill) Kirikiri No. 6 4 0 0 4.0000 Taurau 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/45 No On Wairoa Rd Te Tupua Kamo N) Te Tupua 157 0 0 157.0000 Hari Tipene 'of Waikaraka' 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/46 No Soda Springs to E Takahiwai) Mangawhati & Te Mangawhati & Te Wita Wita 944 0 0 944.0000 Reweti Maketu & Te Korehu 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/47 No Shows central Pa site Tauranga Hikurangi N) Tauranga 197 0 0 197.0000 Haki Whangawhanga 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/48 No Pukenui No. 1 Woodhill) Pukenui No. 1 1,195 0 0 1,195.0000 Taurau 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/49 No Piripi Pake, Ihaia, Potaua, Utu Taonga, Wi Tohare, Anaru H. Awahe Taumarere) Awahe 12 0 0 12.0000 Huneke, Hamiora Tuakana, Ihaka & Wirihana 17 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/52 No Cancelled 9 May 1866 Te Kapo Taumarere) Te Kapo 6 0 0 6.0000 Hemi Tautari 'of the Bay of Islands' 17 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/53 No Te Karaka Taiamai) Te Karaka 76 0 0 76.0000 Henare Tiri, Haki Taipa, Hamiora Hau & Pene Whare 17 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/54 No JW Williams land E bdy Ngä Huwha Owhareiti E) Ngä Huwha 1,259 0 0 1,259.0000 Maihi Paraone Kawiti & Haratua 17 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/55 No Central road on plan 'set apart for a Public Road . . .' Hone Waiti Hikitanga, Pirika Te Here Tupuna, Turuwhita Rio, & Maungatawhiri Wairoa W) Maungatawhiri 5,397 0 0 5,397.0000 Mere Pokura 17 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/57 No Motuparapara Isd forms NW bdy Upokoturuki Taiamai) Upokoturuki 120 0 0 120.0000 Haki Taipa, Heta Tuhirangi & Marupo 17 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/58 No H Williams land E bdy Te Manowhenua Taiamai) Te Manowhenua 276 0 0 276.0000 Haki Taipa, Wi Kaire & Te Kanawa 17 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/59 No 1 Oct 1866 correction to plan. Stream in NE, not SW Karewa Horeke W) Karewa 45 0 0 45.0000 Rapana Te Waha & Rihari Raumati 17 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/60 No Harapepe Pirongia) Harapepe 1 0 0 1.0000 Gustavus Von Tempskey 29 8 1866 W5274/109 34A/10 No Pukanui Omanaia) Pukanui 263 0 0 263.0000 John Bryers 'Settler' 7 9 1866 W5274/109 34A/128 No CFRT show 265 acres

Karuhiruhi Whirinaki) Karuhiruhi 5,280 0 0 5,280.0000 Makarena Te Waharoa & Rawiri Te Tahua 7 9 1866 W5274/109 34A/129 No ML on W bank Whirinaki R, but CL on the Papakawau side Te Komiti Hokianga?) Te Komiti 74 2 0 74.5000 Penetana Papahurihia 7 9 1866 W5274/109 34A/130 No Not the 170 acre area at Okaihau N? Rautawhiri Kaipara) Rautawhiri 95 0 0 95.0000 Te Wharepouri 14 9 1866 W5274/109 34A/170 No Omapere Hokianga Harb) Omapere 11 2 0 11.5000 Rangatira Moetara & Maupo Te Tahana 18 8 1866 W5274/109 34A/2 No

Urungahauhau East Wairoa) Urungahauhau 2,367 0 0 2,367.0000 Honatana Te Irirangi & Wi Te Oka 14 9 1866 W5274/109 34A/213 No Replacement Grant Kopipi Ngunguru) Kopipi 260 0 0 260.0000 Mohi Te Peke, Kereama & 6 others 13 9 1866 W5274/109 34A/242 No Rangiora Otamatea) Rangiora 233 0 0 233.0000 A K Haututu 14 9 1866 W5274/109 34A/243 No Opara Whirinaki) Opara 81 0 0 81.0000 Elizabeth Ferguson 19 9 1866 W5274/109 34A/245 No Leef house on CL to North Paraheke Oruawharo) Paraheke 1,090 0 0 1,090.0000 Matikikuha, Paikea & 3 others 29 9 1866 W5274/109 34A/250 No No restrictions, despite NR status Waipa R Pirongia) Waipa R 400 0 0 400.0000 Gustavus Von Tempskey 30 8 1866 W5274/109 34A/46 No

Motu Kauri Whangaruru Isd) Motu Kauri 15 0 0 15.0000 Mohi Paka 29 9 1866 W5274/110 35A/1 No Tangiteroria S) Huru Kore Huru Kore Tuatahi Tuatahi 30 0 0 30.0000 Tirarau 13 10 1866 W5274/110 35A/168 No At bend in Wairoa Rahurahu Wairoa W) Rahurahu 20 0 0 20.0000 Parore 'of Mangawhare' 13 10 1866 W5274/110 35A/169 No Not mapped by CFRT Owhatia Tangiteroria W) Owhatia 205 0 0 205.0000 Tirarau 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/195 No Te Kumi Tangiteroria SW) Te Kumi 112 0 0 112.0000 Tirarau 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/196 No Enclosed by larger Maungaru area on N

Mangakakahi Tangiteroria SW) Mangakakahi 367 0 0 367.0000 Tirarau 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/198 No Enclosed by larger Maungaru area on N Wepiha Pi, Warahi Kokowai, Takawhare Pepene & Kaone Taikapukapu Waikare) Taikapukapu 104 0 0 104.0000 Ramarihi 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/199 No Kuranui Taumarere) Kuranui 5 0 0 5.0000 Tamati & Makareta Whatonga 29 9 1866 W5274/110 35A/2 No

Whakarara Matauri Bay) Whakarara 3,485 0 0 3,485.0000 Hori Kingi Kira, Riwhi Hongi, Hemi Te Aki & Hone Ritotahi 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/200 No Te Hoanga Wairoa W) Te Hoanga 685 0 0 685.0000 Tirarau 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/201 No Not mapped by CFRT

Rotopotakataka Pakaraka S) Rotopotakataka 187 0 0 187.0000 Te Wharetuhituhi 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/202 No Te Kooti Tuwharerangi, H Te Ara, Wi Kaire Te Tana & Wiremu Mokau Puketi N) Mokau 481 0 0 481.0000 Hau 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/203 No Shows Manginangina CL to S Rakau Rere Kaeo S) Rakau Rere 268 0 0 268.0000 Heremaia Te Ara 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/204 No No Restrictions Te Tawapuku Kaeo S) Te Tawapuku 103 0 0 103.0000 Pumipi Te Ruhi 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/205 No No Restrictions Mangataraire (Puketona W) Mangataraire 115 0 0 115.0000 Te Kooti Tuwharerangi, Paehoka & Ruka Muriwai 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/206 No

278 Appendix D: Rigby Crown Grant sheet

Name Location A R P A_dec Grantees D M Y ABWB 8090 file Volume/folio Restrictions Comments W & H Hau, Tamihana Nga Paura, Pera Pi, Tamihane Honetana, Rangaunu (Waimate N) Rangaunu 1,164 0 0 1,164.0000 Taunui, Hare Napia, Hare Peti & Honihana 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/207 No Pataikoka (Waihou Valley) Pataikoka 67 0 0 67.0000 Mary Joice & Taihaetini 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/210 No Waitangio (Waitaruke) Waitangio 4 0 0 4.0000 Ruingatapu 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/211 No Huruata (Waitaruke) Huruata 10 0 0 10.0000 Paora Ururoa 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/216 No Kakamatenga (Taumarere) Kakamatenga 65 0 0 65.0000 Hori Koto 29 9 1866 W5274/110 35A/3 No Rawiri Te Whare, Otene Pura, Mohe Tarewharewha, Ruka Kiro Te Kahikatoa (Umawera W) Te Kahikatoa 797 1 33 797.4563 & Poari 3 10 1866 W5274/110 35A/4 No Webster land on E Mangere lot 10 (Church) Mangere lot 10 (Church) 3 0 0 3.0000 Honana Maioha, Matire Toha as Trustees 11 2 1867 W5274/113 38A/168 No Mangere lots 3,7,13,15 Mangere lots 3,7,13,15 24 2 0 24.5000 Matire Toha 11 2 1867 W5274/113 38A/169 No

Mangere Native allotment 1 Mangere Native allotment 1 13 0 0 13.0000 Maraea Tukuhito 11 2 1867 W5274/113 38A/170 No Mangere Native allotments 6 & Mangere Native allotments 6 & 7 7 200 0 0 200.0000 Apihai Te Kawau 11 2 1867 W5274/113 38A/171 No Incl the maunga Mangere lot 14 Mangere lot 14 5 0 0 5.0000 Tutere Te Haho 11 2 1867 W5274/113 38A/172 No Mangere lot 4 Mangere lot 4 25 0 0 25.0000 Ngawai Te Tawha & Aihe Kopa of Waiuku &Ihumatao 11 2 1867 W5274/113 38A/173 No Mangere lots 16-17 Mangere lots 16-17 6 1 0 6.2500 Akinihi Taro 11 2 1867 W5274/113 38A/174 No Mangere lots 8-9, 11-12 Mangere lots 8-9, 11-12 22 2 36 22.7250 Honana Maioha 11 2 1867 W5274/113 38A/175 No Mangere lots 2, 4-6 Mangere lots 2, 4-6 28 1 22 28.3875 Ihipa Kati 11 2 1867 W5274/113 38A/176 No Ihumatao lot 3 Ihumatao lot 3 25 0 0 25.0000 Paora Katipa & Mere Kataraina 11 2 1867 W5274/113 38A/177 No Rikihana Toheroa, Tamaho Te Huhu, Rangatira Moetara & Wi Tairutu (Hokianga N Hd) Tairutu 129 0 0 129.0000 Tana Papahia 15 3 1867 W5274/113 38A/220 No Waianga (Omapere) Waianga 12 0 0 12.0000 Rangatira Moetara, Tahana Marupo, Tete & Ngakupu 15 3 1867 W5274/113 38A/221 No Omapere No. 2 (Omapere) Omapere No. 2 10 3 27 10.9188 Rangatira Moetara, Tahana Marupo, Tete & Ngakupu 15 3 1867 W5274/113 38A/222 No Martin land on S

Omapere [No. 1] (Omapere) Omapere [No. 1] 2 0 25 2.1563 Rangatira Moetara, Tahana Marupo, Tete & Ngakupu 15 3 1867 W5274/113 38A/223 No Martin land on S Te Huruti, Wi Hopihana, Honi Hingi, Kaihau Aperahama, Te Hapanga (Narrows) Te Hapanga 13 0 0 13.0000 Toanui Rihare, Rapana Te Waha & Kerehi 15 3 1867 W5274/113 38A/224 No (Upper Waihou) Manga Manga Karamua Karamua 36 0 0 36.0000 Wi Waka Turau 15 3 1867 W5274/113 38A/225 No *24 Mar 1920 correction reduced to 34.1.24 by moving Wh

Whakaterewhenua (Mitimiti E) Whakaterewhenua 158 0 0 158.0000 George Bryers 'a half Caste' 15 3 1867 W5274/113 38A/226 No Tamaho Te Huhu, WT Papahia, Herewini Te Tai Papahia, Te Orongotea (Mitimiti E) Orongotea 336 0 0 336.0000 Tahana Marupo, Kamira & Mihaka 15 3 1867 W5274/113 38A/227 No Te Mopi (Whirinaki) Te Mopi 6 0 0 6.0000 Wi Rema & Makarena Te Waharoa 15 3 1867 W5274/113 38A/228 No

Kauriroa (Mangamuka Orira) Kauriroa 638 0 0 638.0000 T W Nene 15 3 1867 W5274/113 38A/229 No Webster land to NE Naturahi (Taumarere) Naturahi 11 0 0 11.0000 Tamati & Makareta Whatonga 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/133 Yes Restrictions on alienation [ad infinitum] Koniria, Utu Taonga, Hamiora, Te Wirihana, Hapu Henare & Waimangaro (Opua W) Waimangaro 193 0 0 193.0000 Iharaina 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/134 Yes Restrictions on alienation [ad infinitum]

Tauranga Kawau (Karetu) Tauranga Kawau 124 0 0 124.0000 Te Harawene, Matiu Te Whareumu & Hemi Ngeritewairangi 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/135 Yes Restrictions on alienation [ad infinitum] Pukahakaha (Purerua S) Pukahakaha 26 0 0 26.0000 Tamati Tatara 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/136 No Kowhai (Purerua S) Kowhai 73 0 0 73.0000 Hemi Te Tautari & 2 others 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/137 No Mangaparuparu (Purerua S) Mangaparuparu 27 0 0 27.0000 Tutere Kotahi 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/138 No Wi & Hamiora Hau, Hone Peti, Honi Tana, Te Horihana, Hare Te Mamaku (Te Puna Inlet S) Te Mamaku 122 0 0 122.0000 Napia Taunui & Tamihana Paura 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/139 No Awaawaroa (Purerua S) Awaawaroa 49 0 0 49.0000 Hohepa Whare & Rihare Hangarau 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/140 No

Te Raupo (Whangae R mouth) Te Raupo 66 0 0 66.0000 Watarau Makareta & Nga Koti 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/141 No Pimiro (Kaikohe N) Pimiro 863 0 0 863.0000 Henare Marino, Te Paea & Erina 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/142 No Tureikura (Purerua N) Tureikura 1,969 0 0 1,969.0000 Hone Taotahi 1 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/143 No Hoteo (Kaipara) Hoteo 41,400 0 0 41,400.0000 Te Keene Tangaroa & 6 others 1 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/144 No

279 Appendix D: Rigby Crown Grant sheet

Name Location A R P A_dec Grantees D M Y ABWB 8090 file Volume/folio Restrictions Comments Hoahoaina (Kaeo N) Hoahoaina 156 0 0 156.0000 Wiremu Naihi 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/147 No

Mangahoutoa (Otangaroa N) Mangahoutoa 295 0 0 295.0000 Pororua Wharekauri, H Kiwa & P P Ururoa 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/148 No Not mapped by CFRT Pahake (Ohaeawai) Pahake 16 0 0 16.0000 Kohu Maru, Eru Waikerepuru & Tiopira Te Waati 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/150 No Wainui Isd (Kerikeri Inlet) Wainui Isd 4 0 0 4.0000 Tango Hikuwai 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/151 No S of Aroha Eru Takahi, Wi Te Hua, Wi Maraea, Hemi Timako, Te Raharaha Morakerake (Waimate) Morakerake 30 3 37 30.9813 & Eretana 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/152 No Clarke land on NE Opango (Kaikohe) Opango 45 0 0 45.0000 Rawiri Taiwhanga, Hirini & Matenga Taiwhanga 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/153 No Wharau (Owhareiti) Wharau 173 0 0 173.0000 Matiu Te Aranui, Kairau Te Korioi, Te Aratua & Te Rangi 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/154 No Matapaia (Taiamai) Matapaia 208 0 0 208.0000 Himi Marupo & Hori Pou 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/155 No Pakonga (Te Ahuahu) Pakonga 80 0 0 80.0000 Maketu Ruhe Tutana, Hoani Ruhe & Ihaka 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/156 No Parent block = 366.6 acres Hemi Tautari, Te Puia Whareoneone, Tipene Hari, Wi Pohe, Mohinui (Waiomio) Mohinui 1,908 0 0 1,908.0000 Epiniha Moriki & Rameka Te Hou 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/158 No CFRT mapped 1,941 acres Taupaki (Muriwai) Taupaki 12,868 0 0 12,868.0000 P Tuwhaere Watarauihi & 3 others 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/159 No Te Makiri (Awaroa) Te Makiri 563 0 0 563.0000 Apihai Te Kawau 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/163 No

Te Kooti Tuwharerangi, Hohaia Tara, Ihaka Paehoka, Komenre Reretiti (Te Ahuahu) Reretiti 104 0 0 104.0000 Te Ngawe, Ruka Muriwai, Hira Te Keao & Rangi 28 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/78 Yes Restrictions on alienation [ad infinitum] Aroha (Kerikeri Inlet) Aroha 30 0 0 30.0000 Tango Hikuwai 28 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/79 Yes Restrictions on alienation [ad infinitum] A K Pi, Riwhi Tete, Mokaraka, Neti Hanara, Pauroto Te Te Urupa (Te Ahuahu N) Te Urupa 311 0 0 311.0000 Haurangi, Te Kapa & Houwawe 28 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/80 Yes Restrictions on alienation [ad infinitum] Kauri (Waimate W) Kauri 115 0 0 115.0000 Pirini Te Riwha & W W Te Atua 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/81 Yes Restrictions on alienation [ad infinitum] Wiremu Te Tahua, Pene Tuaea, Henare Te Rangaihi, Wi Te Tapapanui (Te Ahuahu N) Tapapanui 1,724 0 0 1,724.0000 Kooha, Hone Tarawau, & 6 ors 25 4 1867 W5274/117 42A/245 No Omawhake CL to E Raniera Wharerau, Waipapa Hetoro. Hemi Papakakura, Te Aute (Waima S) Te Aute 763 0 0 763.0000 Porowai Kareao, Pene Te Pae & Emana Tama 22 5 1867 W5274/120 45A/157 Yes Restrictions on alienation [ad infinitum]; Surveyed Public Ro Te Tari, Hemi Te Huri, Haroe Morunga, Maihi Te Uana, Ripeka Wharengaere (Rangihoua W) Wharengaere 401 0 0 401.0000 Tau, Karena Hiku & Waraki 4 6 1867 W5274/121 46A/130 Yes Restrictions on alienation [ad infinitum]; Bolger grant to N Paekotare (Whangaroa?) Paekotare 8 0 0 8.0000 Rihari Te Kuri & Wiremu Naihi 15 7 1867 W5274/122 47A/131 Yes Restrictions on alienation [ad infinitum] Govt Road incl. Alo Tame Kamehoro, Kingi Hori Kira, Pihepa Repa, Tamati Waka Mahinepua (Te Ngaire N) Mahinepua 562 0 0 562.0000 Kaiwai, Kingi Hori Whiu & Rewhi Hongi 15 7 1867 W5274/122 47A/132 No CFRT map = 642 acres (Mahinepua + 2 isds) (Te Ngaire N) Motu Eka (Flat Motu Eka (Flat Island) Island) 90 0 0 90.0000 W5274/122 47A/132 No Original grant = 659 acres; 3 ML surveys in sole grant Motu Eka Iti (Te Ngaire N) Motu Eka Iti 7 0 0 7.0000 W5274/122 47A/132 No Otawhiri (Totara N) Otawhiri 21 0 0 21.0000 Wiremu Naihi 10 7 1867 W5274/122 47A/70 No Pakonga (Kaeo) Pakonga 55 0 0 55.0000 Wiremu Naihi 10 7 1867 W5274/122 47A/71 No Powditch claim on N; 'Spikman' land SE & W Waitaraiti (Te Puna Inlet S) Waitaraiti 37 0 0 37.0000 Waraki, Hone Pana, Hori Hemi, & Honitana Te Ngere 8 8 1867 W5274/123 48A/187 No Wi Hau[']s land' Te Karaka on W bdy Te Wai Taraire (Oromahoe) Te Wai Taraire 130 0 0 130.0000 Te Whare Tuhituhi 19 8 1867 W5274/124 49A/119 Yes Inalienable [ad infinitum] Pene Taui, Eru Waikerepuru, Kohumaru Wharepapa, Hana Perehia, Wi Reweti, Arama Karaka, Hirine Keno & Tiopira Te Kapurahoru (Ohaeawai) Kapurahoru 492 0 0 492.0000 Waati 19 8 1867 W5274/124 49A/120 Yes Inalienable by sale, but not by lease up to 21yrs Puketapu (Kawiti) Puketapu 30 0 0 30.0000 Hori Pou 19 8 1867 W5274/124 49A/121 No Ngawhitu (Owhareiti) Ngawhitu 1,903 0 0 1,903.0000 Haki Taipa, Henare Tiri, Komene Wi & Hamiora Hau 19 8 1867 W5274/124 49A/122 Yes Inalienable by sale, but not by lease up to 21yrs Patukauae (Oromahoe) Patukauae 216 0 0 216.0000 Moko Te Kaka, Aipata Moko, & Te Kemara 21 8 1867 W5274/124 49A/125 Yes Inalienable [ad infinitum] Karena Te Puhi, Hohepa Where, Tamati Huingariri, Te Maramatautini (Purerua N) Maramatautini 92 0 0 92.0000 Mokaraka Waikato, Eru Hangarau & Wi Pake 3 9 1867 W5274/126 51A/34 Yes Inalienable [ad infinitum] Kowhaituhuri (Purerua N) Kowhaituhuri 53 0 0 53.0000 Hemi Te Taitari & Eruera Neri 3 9 1867 W5274/126 51A/35 Yes Inalienable [ad infinitum] Wi & Hamiora Hau, Hone Peti, Hone Tana, Te Honihana, Hare Mamaku (Te Puna Inlet S) Mamaku 122 0 0 122.0000 Napia, Taunui & Tamihana Paura 3 9 1867 W5274/126 51A/36 No

Wi & Hamiora Hau, Hone Peti, Hone Tana, Honihana Hau, Hare Te Karaka (Te Puna Inlet S) Te Karaka 13 0 0 13.0000 Napia, Remeka?Te Tirarau & Tamihana Nga Paura 3 9 1867 W5274/126 51A/37 No

280 Appendix D: Rigby Crown Grant sheet

Name Location A R P A_dec Grantees D M Y ABWB 8090 file Volume/folio Restrictions Comments Kahi, Heta Te Haara, Manihera Tukaru, Makarini, Wi Raukawa Kaiwhakiri (Ohaeawai S) Kaiwhakiri 265 0 0 265.0000 & Maraea Hohepa 3 9 1867 W5274/126 51A/38 Yes Inalienable by sale or mortgage, but not by lease for 21 yea

Wi & Hamiora Hau, Hone Peti, Hone Tana, Honihana Hau, Hare Whara (Te Puna Inlet S) Whara 6 0 0 6.0000 Napia, Rameka Te Tirarau & Tamihana Nga Paura 3 9 1867 W5274/126 51A/39 No (Kawakawa) Rahiri Kotuku No. Rahiri Kotuku No. 2 2 7 0 0 7.0000 Hare Wirikake 21 9 1867 W5274/126 51A/41 Yes Inalienable for by sale or lease for 21 years; Not mapped by Rahiri Kotuku (Kawakawa) Rahiri Kotuku 25 0 0 25.0000 Tamati Pukututu 21 9 1867 W5274/126 51A/42 No Not mapped by CFRT Turiapua (Parua Bay) Turiapua 100 0 0 100.0000 Wiremu Pohe 21 9 1867 W5274/126 51A/43 Yes Inalienable for by sale or lease for 21 years Eru Patuone, TW Nene, Himi Te Aki, Raniera Makaore, Mahika Waitaroto (Puketi) Waitaroto 7,590 0 0 7,590.0000 Tupare, Perene Makaore & Wi Hau 10 10 1867 W5274/127 52A/142 No

Te Karaka (Parakao W) Te Karaka 11, 710 0 0 #VALUE! Komene Matiu, Mitai Penetani, Hira Te Awa & Tamati Waihi 22 10 1867 W5274/127 52A/170 No Tarakihi (Taumarere) Tarakihi 10 0 0 10.0000 WW Turau, Tamati Hapimana, T Pukututu & Ani Taiuru 22 10 1867 W5274/127 52A/171 Yes Inalienable for by sale or leaser for 21 years Paihia (Te Ngaire) Paihia 89 0 0 89.0000 Kingi Hori Kira & Riwhi Hongi 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/17 No Ihapera Te Hinurere, Hone Pama, Hori Wehiwehi, Hirini Te Wai Rahi (Whananaki) Te Wai Rahi 1,751 0 0 1,751.0000 Tamehana & Ngawiki Te Hapimana 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/18 No Wiremu Kingi, Wi Te Tete, Hori Wehiwehi, Ngawiki Te Owai (Opuawhanga) Owai 857 0 0 857.0000 Hapimana & Hone Tauiaki 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/19 No Ana Kuku, Ngahei Te Wharehuinga, Hemara Kahukoti, Hana Pakuri (Ohaeawai) Pakuri 60 0 0 60.0000 Hura & Paora Ngae 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/20 No Te Rua Tahi (Opuawhanga) Te Rua Tahi 2,542 0 0 2,542.0000 Hori Te Ngeri, Tamati Maru & Hori Riwhi 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/21 Yes Inalienable for by sale or lease for 21 years; Cancelled 19 M Te Moke (Kawakawa N)Te Moke 302 0 0 302.0000 Koniria Hurakuri, Mohi Paka, Hone Rutene & Timo 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/22 Yes Inalienable for by sale or leaser for 21 years Te Tane Taakahi, Hare Paraha, Hori Winiata, Tapuru Harewene, Otarare (Karetu W) Otarare 20 0 0 20.0000 Paratene M Tukaru & Wi Pomare 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/23 Yes Inalienable for by sale or lease for 21 years Waipuna (Moerewa) Waipuna 379 0 0 379.0000 Tamihana Ngawaka & Hone Paraone 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/24 Yes Inalienable for by sale or lease for 21 years

Taumata Makuku (Moerewa) Taumata Makuku 402 0 0 402.0000 Wiremu Pepene, Taui Kerehama & Netana 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/25 Yes Inalienable for by sale or lease for 21 years; Mapped as 405

Opa (Waikare Inlet S) Opa 164 0 0 164.0000 Poihipi Hikitene, Tipene Te Takawhare & Renata Te Maku 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/26 No

Mimirohia (Waikare Inlet N) Mimirohia 346 0 0 346.0000 Poihipi Hikitene & Pekamu Titari 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/27 No Kaitara No. 2 (Maunu N) Kaitara No. 2 6,722 0 0 6,722.0000 Renata Manihera Te Tatau & Te Koroneho 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/28 No Wiroa (Manukau Hrb Isd) Wiroa 106 0 0 106.0000 Te Keena Tangaroa & Te Hapimana 2 4 1867 W5274/132 57A/29 No Karaka No. 1 (Manukau) Karaka No. 1 100 0 0 100.0000 Te Hapimana 2 4 1867 W5274/132 57A/30 Yes Restricted Karaka No. 2 (Manukau) Karaka No. 2 100 0 0 100.0000 Te Keene 2 4 1867 W5274/132 57A/31 Yes Restricted Karaka No. 3 (Manukau) Karaka No. 3 100 0 0 100.0000 Heta Te Tihi 2 4 1867 W5274/132 57A/32 No Te Wharau 267 (Manukau) Te Wharau 267 267 0 0 267.0000 Te Keene Tangaroa & Te Hapimana 2 4 1867 W5274/132 57A/33 No Okauru (Waikare Inlet N) Okauru 106 0 0 106.0000 Marara Kuku 31 8 1868 W5274/133 58A/234 Yes Inalienable for by sale or lease for 21 years Pita Tunua, Hirini Tamehana, Erueti Maki, Matenga Tamaki, Oriwa (Whananaki S) Oriwa 415 0 0 415.0000 Arama Karaka & Karena Puhi 31 8 1868 W5274/133 58A/237 Yes Inalienable for by sale or lease for 21 years Mataitai No. 1 (East Wairoa) Mataitai No. 1 2,312 0 0 2,312.0000 Wi Te Oka, Rariera Rangitunua & 3 others 27 6 1868 W5274/133 58A/48 No Trial for 21 years Mataitai No. 6 (East Wairoa) Mataitai No. 6 8,029 0 0 8,029.0000 Wi Te Oka, Rariera Rangitunua & 8 others 27 6 1868 W5274/133 58A/49 No Wharekawa No. 1 (W Firth) Wharekawa No. 1 6,430 0 0 6,430.0000 Henare Te Pawa, Haniora Te Kirikewa & 8 others 27 6 1868 W5274/133 58A/50 No Trial for 21 years Wharekawa No. 2 (W Firth) Wharekawa No. 2 10,180 0 0 10,180.0000 Henare Te Pawa, Haniora Te Kirikewa & 9 others 27 6 1868 W5274/133 58A/51 No Whale Island (Whakatane) Whale Island 354 0 0 354.0000 Retireti Tapihana & Katherine Simpkins 27 6 1868 W5274/133 58A/53 No (Whakatane) Whakaari (White) Whakaari (White) Island Island 588 0 0 588.0000 Retireti Tapihana & Katherine Simpkins 27 6 1868 W5274/133 58A/54 No Hone Kingi Kaihau Ruta, Pero, Pata Te Awatapu & Pukerewha Parapara (Motukiore) Parapara 110 0 0 110.0000 Whatiia 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/55 No (Matapouri) Opuawhango No. Opuawhango No. 3 3 1,782 0 0 1,782.0000 Eruera Maki 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/58 No Matapouri CL to E

281 Appendix D: Rigby Crown Grant sheet

Name Location A R P A_dec Grantees D M Y ABWB 8090 file Volume/folio Restrictions Comments (Whananaki) Opuawhango No Opuawhango No 1 1 9,450 0 0 9,450.0000 Mokau, Wiremu Kingi & Henare Kaupeka 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/60 No Excepting Wai Rahi . . .' in SE quadrant [1,751ac]

Opuawhango No 2 (Matapouri) Opuawhango No 2 6,784 0 0 6,784.0000 Pita Tunua & Parore 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/61 No

Opuawhango No 4 (Matapouri) Opuawhango No 4 15,157 0 0 15,157.0000 Hori Wehiwehi, Erena & Ngahuia 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/62 No Otonga No 1 (Hikurangi) Otonga No 1 26,810 0 0 26,810.0000 Haki Whangawhanga & Eru Nehua 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/63 No Excepting Pipi Wharauroa . . .' 282 acres Otonga No 2 (Hikurangi) Otonga No 2 1,226 0 0 1,226.0000 Rairiri Te Hinu & Katarina Te Puatahi 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/64 No

Pipiwharauroa (Opuawhanga) Pipiwharauroa 282 0 0 282.0000 Hori Te Ngeri, Tamati Te Maru & Wi Tawaha 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/65 No Rukuai No 1 (Parua Bay N) Rukuai No 1 40 0 0 40.0000 Hone Papita Takahinga[sp] 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/66 No Cancelled 19 Sep 1870; 'erroneous entry'? (Hokianga North Hd) Pukorukoru Pukorukoru 5 1 17 5.3563 Sarah White 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/68 No Waiparera (Rangi Point) Waiparera 15 0 0 15.0000 Piripi Patiki 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/69 No Rukuai No 2 (Parua Bay N) Rukuai No 2 590 0 0 590.0000 Hone Papita Takahanga 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/70 No CFRT show as 630ac [incl No 1?] T W Nene, W W Turau, Rae, Rapana Te Waha, Te Wheoki & Whakateterekia (Puketi N) Whakateterekia 22 0 0 22.0000 Rihare Raumati 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/71 No Pukerewha Whatiia, H K Kaihau, Puriri Te Waewae & Iroriona Haratai (Motukiore) Haratai 146 0 0 146.0000 Ngawhau 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/72 No

Pukaki Lots 155-6 (Mangere) Pukaki Lots 155-6 92 3 18 92.8625 Riria (widow of Ihaka Takanini) 27 6 1868 W5274/133 58A/73 No Karaka No. 4 (Papakura) Karaka No. 4 273 0 0 273.0000 Te Wirihana Ihaka Takanini 27 6 1868 W5274/133 58A/74 Yes Inalienable Whatapaka (Manukau) Whatapaka 150 2 6 150.5375 Te Wirihana Ihaka Takanini & Paora Tari 27 6 1868 W5274/133 58A/75 No Puhitahi (Manukau) Puhitahi 50 3 4 50.7750 Te Wirihana Ihaka Takanini & Paora Tari 27 6 1868 W5274/133 58A/76 No Motiti Island N Motiti Island N 569 0 0 569.0000 Hone Te Whetuki & Te Puhi Kirika 14 7 1868 W5274/133 58A/81 No Motiti Island S Motiti Island S 1,090 0 0 1,090.0000 Hori Tupaea 14 7 1868 W5274/133 58A/82 No Cancelled June 10 1886 Rangiriri (Waikato) Rangiriri 0 1 0 0.2500 Honana Maioha 29 6 1868 W5274/133 58A/84 No Newcastle (Ngaruawahia) Newcastle 0 1 3 0.2688 Honana Maioha 2 7 1868 W5274/134 59A/11 No (Waikato) Okoroire (Waikato) Okoroire 24,822 0 0 24,822.0000 Wiremu Haumia, Penetana Te Kauri & 7 others 9 10 1868 W5274/134 59A/66 No (Waikato R) Waipa (Waikato R) Waipa 8,863 0 0 8,863.0000 Ihaia Tioriori, Nepia Marino & 5 others 24 10 1868 W5274/134 59A/71 No (Waikato R) Hinuera (Waikato R) Hinuera 28,205 0 0 28,205.0000 Ihaia Tioriori, Hami Pakauwai & 8 others 24 10 1868 W5274/134 59A/72 No (Ohaeawai) Parawaha (Ohaeawai) Parawaha 50 0 0 50.0000 Hirini Keno & Te Po 30 10 1868 W5274/134 59A/76 No (Ohaeawai) Hauraki (Ohaeawai) Hauraki 117 0 0 117.0000 Heta Te Haara, Reihana Taukawau & 3 others 30 10 1868 W5274/134 59A/77 No (Wairoa) Lot 178 Te Rina (Wairoa) Lot 178 Te Rina 70 0 0 70.0000 Enoka Te Whanake 5 1 1869 W5274/135 60A/155 No (Aongatete) Katikati Lots 35, (Aongatete) Katikati Lots 35, 46-7 46-7 500 0 0 500.0000 Te Kuku & Te Puru in trust for Ngaituwhiwhia Tribe 5 1 1869 W5274/135 60A/166 No (Tauranga Hrb) Katikati Lots 37- (Tauranga Hrb) Katikati Lots 37-38 38 350 0 0 350.0000 Nga Puru & Te Puru 5 1 1869 W5274/135 60A/167 No (Kawakawa) Te Papa (Kawakawa) Te Papa 16 0 0 16.0000 Honetana Te Kero 29 1 1869 W5274/135 60A/176 No At the confluence of the Kawakawa & Waiomio R (Maungatautari) Horahora (Maungatautari) Horahora 8,680 0 0 8,680.0000 Ihaia Tioriori & 8 others 5 1 1869 W5274/135 60A/178 No (Tamahere) Lots 27 & 40 (Tamahere) Lots 27 & 40 TamahereTamahere 700 0 0 700.0000 Penetito (of Matamata) 30 1 1869 W5274/135 60A/223 No (Rangiahua) Pukoro (Rangiahua) Pukoro 30 0 0 30.0000 Wiremu Waaka Turau 3 5 1869 W5274/136 61A/114 No (Rangiahua) Te Toke (Rangiahua) Te Toke 13 0 0 13.0000 Wiremu Waaka Turau 3 5 1869 W5274/136 61A/115 No Mr Fairburn's Road' along N bdy (Omanaia) Papamai (Omanaia) Papamai 262 0 0 262.0000 Kerehama Rangatira & Kerehama Hone Mohi 3 5 1869 W5274/136 61A/118 No Whanganui [not mapped] on SE bdy (Taiamai) Pokatuawhenua (Taiamai) Pokatuawhenua 566 0 0 566.0000 Ruatara, Wiremu Katene, Wiremu Ruru & Kairau 8 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/214 No (Kaikohe N) Waitata (Kaikohe N) Waitata 25 0 0 25.0000 Te Ngaro Te Ro & Ihaka Paehoka, 8 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/215 No (Puketona) Okokako (Puketona) Okokako 64 0 0 64.0000 Wi Katene, Wirikake & Maketu Ruhe 8 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/216 No (Taiamai) Taimimiti (Taiamai) Taimimiti 50 0 0 50.0000 Pekama Titari 8 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/217 No (Te Ahuahu) Akarana (Te Ahuahu) Akarana 16 0 0 16.0000 Wiremu Katene 8 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/218 No (Oromahoe) Horena (Oromahoe) Horena 29 0 0 29.0000 Marupo 8 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/219 No (Whirinaki) Opuka (Whirinaki) Opuka 286 0 0 286.0000 Te Tai Papahia 8 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/220 No (Taiamai) Kerewhenua (Taiamai) Kerewhenua 44 0 0 44.0000 Haki Taipa 23 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/242 No Waitangi R on E bdy

282 Appendix D: Rigby Crown Grant sheet

Name Location A R P A_dec Grantees D M Y ABWB 8090 file Volume/folio Restrictions Comments (Kaikohe N) Tautahanga (Kaikohe N) Tautahanga 1,250 0 0 1,250.0000 Wiremu Hongi Te Ripi 23 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/243 No Omapere L on W bdy (Te Ahuahu SW) Pokapu (Te Ahuahu SW) Pokapu 135 0 0 135.0000 Wiremu & Mere Katene 23 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/244 No (Taiamai) Waipuna (Taiamai) Waipuna 146 0 0 146.0000 Hetaraka & Pene Te Whareoneone 23 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/245 No Waitangi R on E bdy (Ngararatunua) Tumahia (Ngararatunua) Tumahia 195 0 0 195.0000 Whare Te Puia & Mere Wharenikau 23 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/246 No

Rewi Taikawa, Haki Whangawhanga, Terewini, Perepe Pene, (Whangarei) Maruata (Whangarei) Maruata 560 0 0 560.0000 Peru, Hatama Minarapa, Horomona & Hone Papita 23 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/247 No

(Whangarei) Raumanga No 1 (Whangarei) Raumanga No 1 10 0 0 10.0000 Taurau 23 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/248 No Wairoa Rd on NW bdy (Kerikeri) Pungaere (Kerikeri) Pungaere 7,184 0 0 7,184.0000 Mangonui Huirua & Wi Kaire 23 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/249 No Kapiro & Waipapa Cks form N & S bdies Kawakawa Lot 124 Kawakawa Lot 124 242 0 0 242.0000 Philip Walsh 7 8 1869 W5274/138 63A/130 No Ext PR Kawakawa Lot 99 Kawakawa Lot 99 40 0 0 40.0000 William H Ward 7 8 1869 W5274/138 63A/131 No Ext PR Kawakawa Lot 120 Kawakawa Lot 120 40 0 0 40.0000 John V Bindon 7 8 1869 W5274/138 63A/134 No Ext PR Kawakawa Lot 30 Kawakawa Lot 30 38 2 26 38.6625 Thomas Lindsay 7 8 1869 W5274/138 63A/155 No Otao Ck on W & S bdy Kawakawa Lot 96 Kawakawa Lot 96 40 0 0 40.0000 Thomas Hall 2 7 1869 W5274/138 63A/59 No Exterior Public Road [PR] Kawakawa Lot 55 Kawakawa Lot 55 40 0 0 40.0000 Robert T Chatfield 7 8 1869 W5274/138 63A/91 No Ext PR Matiu Tio, Hauraki Kaipo, Rangatira Moetara, Te Whare Kereru, Te Tanati, Te Ruwha, Tio Te Rapiha Hahi, Te Tahana (Opononi) Wheorooro (Opononi) Wheorooro 136 0 0 136.0000 Marupo & Ngature 22 11 1869 W5274/140 65A/233 No (Omanaia) Potaka (Omanaia) Potaka 17 0 0 17.0000 Aperahama Taiko, Kawhera Te Haua & Kaingarua 22 11 1869 W5274/140 65A/235 Yes Inalienable for by sale or lease for 21 years (Parua Bay) Parua (Parua Bay) Parua 394 0 0 394.0000 Horomona Kaikou 22 11 1869 W5274/140 65A/237 No (Kaikohe S) Tokakopuru (Kaikohe S) Tokakopuru 175 0 0 175.0000 Joseph & Peter Tapia, Maru Omanaia 22 11 1869 W5274/140 65A/238 Yes Inalienable for by sale or lease for 21 years Rameka Whiro, Aramiha Paikeha, Hepi Wepiha Pi & Poihipi (Waikare N) Te Ikaroa (Waikare N) Te Ikaroa 115 0 0 115.0000 Hikitene 22 11 1869 W5274/140 65A/240 No (Kawakawa) Te Tainga (Kawakawa) Te Tainga 3 3 25 3.9063 Tamati Pukututu 22 11 1869 W5274/140 65A/241 No (Kaitara) Tai Koia (Kaitara) Tai Koia 206 0 0 206.0000 Te Puia & Parata Puariri 1 1 1870 W5274/143 68A/236 No (Tangiteroria) Te Haumi (Tangiteroria) Te Haumi 226 0 0 226.0000 Te Tirarau 1 1 1870 W5274/143 68A/237 No (Otaika) Takatohau (Otaika) Takatohau 100 0 0 100.0000 Taurau & Te Rata 1 1 1870 W5274/143 68A/238 No (Kaikohe N) Kamore (Kaikohe N) Kamore 7 0 0 7.0000 Wiremu Hongi Te Ripi 1 1 1870 W5274/143 68A/248 No

(Te Ahuahu) Hauhau Pounamu (Te Ahuahu) Hauhau Pounamu 142 0 0 142.0000 Henare Marino & Horekere 1 1 1870 W5274/143 68A/249 No

(Waikare N) Kanaerehe (Waikare N) Kanaerehe 491 0 0 491.0000 Poihipi Hikitene, Hirini Marupo, Hoterene Tawatawa & 3ors 1 1 1870 W5274/143 68A/250 No (Otaika) Ohirua (Otaika) Ohirua 67 0 0 67.0000 Te Toko 18 12 1869 W5274/143 68A/27a No (Parua Bay) Kohinui (Parua Bay) Kohinui 54 0 0 54.0000 Horomona Kaikou 18 12 1869 W5274/143 68A/28 No (Raumanga) Te Tawera (Raumanga) Te Tawera 29 0 0 29.0000 Taurau & Mohi Tuhi Te Uira 18 12 1869 W5274/143 68A/29 No (Wairoa W) Motuparapara (Wairoa W) Motuparapara 186 0 0 186.0000 Pirika Te Herehere & Turuhira Rio 18 12 1869 W5274/143 68A/30 No

(Paroa Bay N) Te Uwhi [No 1] (Paroa Bay N) Te Uwhi [No 1] 15 0 0 15.0000 John Shoemaker 18 12 1869 W5274/143 68A/31 Yes Inalienable for by sale or lease for 21 years

Mohi Kaingaroa, Tokawhati, Ene Tawhatiwhati, Raiha Te (Whangaruru) Otara (Whangaruru) Otara 386 0 0 386.0000 Puhiwetiweti, Mihaka Te Wharaupo, Riwhi Paea & Ngaweki 18 12 1869 W5274/143 68A/32 No (Rangi Point) Ngamahanga (Rangi Point) Ngamahanga 49 0 0 49.0000 Sarah White 18 12 1869 W5274/143 68A/33 No Kawakawa lot 74 Kawakawa lot 74 420 0 0 420.0000 William Henry 4 11 1869 W5274/143 68A/57 No

(Wairoa W) Te Kohekohe No 2 (Wairoa W) Te Kohekohe No 2 238 0 0 238.0000 Parore Te Awha 18 12 1869 W5274/143 68A/82 No (Whangarei) Parahaki NR (Whangarei) Parahaki NR 266 0 0 266.0000 Te Puia & Wiremu Pohe 18 12 1869 W5274/143 68A/95 No Not mapped by CFRT (Waiwera) Te Koroto (Waiwera) Te Koroto 23 0 0 23.0000 Te Hemara Tauhia 18 12 1869 W5274/143 68A/98 No No restrictions on alienation (Ohaeawai) Te Mania (Ohaeawai) Te Mania 100 0 0 100.0000 Heta Te Haara, Hokianga Tukaru & Kaihiki 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/1 No

(Ngawha) Orauruwharo No 8 (Ngawha) Orauruwharo No 8 42 0 0 42.0000 Anna Cook 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/10 No (Ngawha) Epurua (Ngawha) Epurua 64 0 0 64.0000 Paora Ngae, Wi Raukawa, Hone Horotai & 2 ors 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/11 No (Kawakawa) Tipatipa (Kawakawa) Tipatipa 323 0 0 323.0000 Honetana Te Kero, Wi Pepene, Henare T Pomare 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/110 No Site of current urupa

283 Appendix D: Rigby Crown Grant sheet

Name Location A R P A_dec Grantees D M Y ABWB 8090 file Volume/folio Restrictions Comments

(Te Ahuahu) Maungataururu (Te Ahuahu) Maungataururu 51 0 0 51.0000 Hakiaha, Wi Katene, Neri Turuhia & Te Whiwhi 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/111 No (Te Ahuahu) Te Umupakeke (Te Ahuahu) Te Umupakeke 17 0 0 17.0000 Te Aputahi 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/112 Yes Inalienable for 21 years (Okaihau) Otaere (Okaihau) Otaere 25 0 0 25.0000 Pehimana Pou & Pehara 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/113 No

(Te Ahuahu) Pokangahere No 2 (Te Ahuahu) Pokangahere No 2 32 0 0 32.0000 Maraea Te Hemo Awatea & Te Warihi 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/114 Yes Inalienable for 21 years (Ohaeawai) Te Riu (Ohaeawai) Te Riu 43 0 0 43.0000 Henare Hirini & Hereora 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/115 Yes Inalienable for 21 years (Okaihau) Umuhapuku (Okaihau) Umuhapuku 139 0 0 139.0000 Tamaki Hapimana 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/116 Yes Inalienable for 21 years

(Taiamai) Taumatapukapuka (Taiamai) Taumatapukapuka 125 0 0 125.0000 Kirimangu, Ruatara, Te Perepi Keno & Henare Hemoiti 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/117 Yes Inalienable for 21 years (Okaihau) Te Komiti (Okaihau) Te Komiti 170 0 0 170.0000 Ani Taiuru 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/118 No (Ngawha) Ngatokaturua (Ngawha) Ngatokaturua 58 0 0 58.0000 Paora Ngae, Reihana Takawau & Heta Te Haara 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/12 No (Ohaeawai) Tokatoka (Ohaeawai) Tokatoka 19 0 0 19.0000 Caroline Welsh 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/125 Yes Inalienable for 21 years (Okaihau) Kainga Pokanoa (Okaihau) Kainga Pokanoa 107 0 0 107.0000 Te Aputahi, Peneti Pana, Caroline Welsh & Te Hape 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/126 No (Waikare S) Ngateri (Waikare S) Ngateri 13 0 0 13.0000 Hopa, Puhipi Hikitene, Wi Te Teete & 2 ors 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/127 Yes Inalienable for 21 years (Kaikohe) Marino No 1 (Kaikohe) Marino No 1 4 2 18 4.6125 Wi Hongi Te Ripi 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/128 Yes Inalienable for 21 years (Taumarere) Te Maroro (Taumarere) Te Maroro 13 0 0 13.0000 Tamati Pukututu 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/129 No

(Ngawha) Taumatamaukuku (Ngawha) Taumatamaukuku 204 0 0 204.0000 Wi Raukawa, Rewiri Ngapua, Hare Patu & Parihi 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/13 No

(Motukauri) Pakau o Te Hokio (Motukauri) Pakau o Te Hokio 156 0 0 156.0000 Jane Clendon* 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/130 No * Wife of Rawene RM (Omanaia) Mauiui (Omanaia) Mauiui 6 1 16 6.3500 Arama Karaka Te Hinaki & Aperahama Taiki 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/14 No (Omanaia) Taiwhakapiki (Omanaia) Taiwhakapiki 4 0 0 4.0000 Arama Karaka Te Hinaki & Hauraki Kaipo 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/15 No (Omanaia) Te Touwai (Omanaia) Te Touwai 288 0 0 288.0000 Te Keene, Hona Poto, Pehi Moki & Pukerewha Whatua 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/16 No (Rangi Point) Te Ruaki (Rangi Point) Te Ruaki 28 0 0 28.0000 Jane Boice 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/17 No

(Rangi Point) Ngatuaka (Rangi Point) Ngatuaka 1,762 0 0 1,762.0000 Mihaka Taonui, Herewini Te Toko, Te Tai Papahia & 7 ors 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/18 Yes Inalienable for 21 years

(Omanaia) Mangawhero (Omanaia) Mangawhero 1,402 0 0 1,402.0000 Wi Titore, Rewiri Potahi, Te Kawau, Hauraki Kaipo & 5ors 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/19 No (Ngawha) Tahunga o Puoro (Ngawha) Tahunga o Puoro 15 0 0 15.0000 Heta Te Haara, & Horomona Te Anga 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/2 No (Omanaia) Oue (Omanaia) Oue 1,348 0 0 1,348.0000 Heta Moka, Pata, Pire, Keene Hoao & 4 ors 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/20 No (Omanaia S) Mangapupu (Omanaia S) Mangapupu 890 0 0 890.0000 Te Makarini Te Wewihi, AK Hinaki, Hauraki Kaipo &7 ors 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/21 No

(Ngawha) Orauruwharo No 5 (Ngawha) Orauruwharo No 5 100 0 0 100.0000 Hirini Keni & Kerehama 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/3 No (Ngawha) Puketapu No 1 (Ngawha) Puketapu No 1 66 3 29 66.9313 Reihana Taukawau 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/4 No Parent block = 211 acres (Ngawha) Puketapu No 2 (Ngawha) Puketapu No 2 15 0 0 15.0000 Piripi Tauhara 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/5 No Parent block = 230 acres (Ngawha) Puketapu No 3 (Ngawha) Puketapu No 3 56 1 14 56.3375 Heta Te Haara 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/6 No (Ngawha) Puketapu No 4 (Ngawha) Puketapu No 4 8 2 13 8.5813 Makareta Irimahoe & Eruera Waikerepuru 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/7 No (Ngawha) Taumaharau (Ngawha) Taumaharau 19 0 0 19.0000 Hirini Keno 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/8 No (Ngawha) Mangareporepo (Ngawha) Mangareporepo 27 0 0 27.0000 Hera Kopeka & Miriana Mahore 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/9 No (Pataua) Waiparara (Pataua) Waiparara 29 0 0 29.0000 Hone Papita, Hohepa Mahanga & Kamiro 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/98 No (Waikare) Turuki (Waikare) Turuki 2 1 32 2.4500 Hoterene Tawatawa, Ene Taiwhatiwhati, & 8 ors 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/99 No NR on eastern bdy Omanaia lots 2 & 26 Omanaia lots 2 & 26 271 0 0 271.0000 Richard Shortt 27 12 1869 W5274/146 71A/194 No Along W bank Omanaia R Omanaia lot 4 Omanaia lot 4 40 0 0 40.0000 Samuel Edger 27 12 1869 W5274/146 71A/209 No Along W bank Omanaia R Kawakawa lots 103-104 Kawakawa lots 103-104 60 0 0 60.0000 James Sargent 27 12 1869 W5274/146 71A/240 No Kawakawa lots 47-49 Kawakawa lots 47-49 120 0 0 120.0000 James Hammond 27 12 1869 W5274/147 72A/11 No Kauaeranga Nos 2-26 Kauaeranga Nos 2-26 ave 10 Various Hauraki Maori 31 3 1870 W5274/147 72A/213-239 No Kauaeranga Nos 2-26 Kauaeranga Nos 2-26 ave 10 Various Hauraki Maori 31 3 1870 W5274/147 72A/213-239 No Kawakawa lot 54 Kawakawa lot 54 40 0 0 40.0000 Alexander Hatfield 27 12 1869 W5274/147 72A/9 No Tipene Ruwhenua, Tamati Otene, Te Ana Tiopira & Peita (Kaikohe N) Tangatapu No 1 (Kaikohe N) Tangatapu No 1 91 0 0 91.0000 Kekeao 31 3 1870 W5274/148 73A/162 No Comments (Parua Bay) Te Uwhi No 2 (Parua Bay) Te Uwhi No 2 259 0 0 259.0000 John Shoemaker, JS Tiwaewae & Wata Shoemaker 31 3 1870 W5274/148 73A/164 Yes Inalienable for 21 years (Woodhill) Horahora No 1 (Woodhill) Horahora No 1 22 0 0 22.0000 Taurau Kukupa 9 5 1870 W5274/148 73A/176 Yes Inalienable for 21 years

284 Appendix D: Rigby Crown Grant sheet

Name Location A R P A_dec Grantees D M Y ABWB 8090 file Volume/folio Restrictions Comments (Waiomio) Te Wharau (Waiomio) Te Wharau 54 1 0 54.2500 Maihi Paraone Kawhiti 9 5 1870 W5274/148 73A/180 No Parent block = 403 acres (Whangaroa W) Hopekako (Whangaroa W) Hopekako 79 0 0 79.0000 Paora Ururoa 9 5 1870 W5274/148 73A/181 No Not mapped by CFRT Pororua Wharekauri, Hohepa Kiwa, Pone Te Kanohi & Karena (Kahoe) Mangataraire (Kahoe) Mangataraire 200 0 0 200.0000 Hohepa 9 5 1870 W5274/148 73A/188 No

(Waikare S) Manukau (Waikare S) Manukau 263 0 0 263.0000 Edward, Samuel, Henry, Fred, Alfred & Arthur Stephenson 13 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/205 No Not mapped by CFRT (Ngawha) Puketapu No 5 (Ngawha) Puketapu No 5 82 1 33 82.4563 Mitai Pene Taui 13 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/206 No (Omapere) Hukanui (Omapere) Hukanui 1 1 12 1.3250 Rangatira Moetara, Hauraki Kaipo & 8 ors 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/236 No (Omapere) Hunoke (Omapere) Hunoke 25 3 30 25.9375 Tiopira Rehi, Hakaraia Te Manu & 5 ors 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/237 No (Horeke) Ruapapaka (Horeke) Ruapapaka 69 2 0 69.5000 Annabella Webster 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/238 Yes Inalienable for 21 years (Horeke) Arairiri (Horeke) Arairiri 63 0 0 63.0000 Annabella Webster 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/239 No (Whangaroa W) Te Kuwaru (Whangaroa W) Te Kuwaru 49 0 0 49.0000 Wiremu Pahi 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/240 No

(Mangapai) Pikopiko Kaumatua (Mangapai) Pikopiko Kaumatua 51 0 0 51.0000 Renata Manihera, Nga Wi & Tuve 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/241 No (Mangapai) Te Mata (Mangapai) Te Mata 975 0 0 975.0000 Rata Pou 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/242 No

(Mangapai) Pokapu Waiorehua (Mangapai) Pokapu Waiorehua 464 0 0 464.0000 Eru Toenga & Pirihi 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/243 No (Otaika) Wai-iti [No 2} (Otaika) Wai-iti [No 2} 23 0 0 23.0000 Wiremu Rini 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/244 No (Raumanga) Te Mai (Raumanga) Te Mai 15 0 0 15.0000 Taurau Kukupa 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/245 No CANCELLED 13 Mar 1888 (Maruata) Te Kohoao (Maruata) Te Kohoao 170 0 0 170.0000 Ngarino & Riripeti Pohi 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/246 Yes Inalienable for 21 years (Pakiri N) Pakiri (Pakiri N) Pakiri 31,408 0 0 31,408.0000 Rahui [Te Kiri], Hori Panapa & Wi. Apa Te Whakaotinga 6 7 1870 W5274/149 74A/19 No CANCELLED 17 Nov 1884 (Mangakahia W) Maungaru (Mangakahia W) Maungaru 21,319 0 0 21,319.0000 Paikea Te Hekeua 29 8 1870 W5274/150 75A/9 No Comments Omanaia lots 13-20 Omanaia lots 13-20 302 0 0 302.0000 Frederick Utting 29 8 1870 W5274/150 75A/97 No Okoe, Te Kumi, Owhatia & Pokapu along E bdy (Parua Bay) Rukuai No 1 (Parua Bay) Rukuai No 1 44 0 0 44.0000 Hone Papita Takahanga 19 9 1870 W5274/150 75A/99 No Nr Omanaia R mouth Kawakawa lot 125 Kawakawa lot 125 44 0 0 44.0000 EM Tabuteau 28 9 1870 W5274/151 76A/101 No Kawakawa lot 96 Kawakawa lot 96 40 0 0 40.0000 Catherine Harden 7 10 1870 W5274/151 76A/217 No Kawakawa lot 95 Kawakawa lot 95 40 0 0 40.0000 Frances Jamieson 7 10 1870 W5274/151 76A/218 No (Omapere) Pakia (Omapere) Pakia 12 2 8 12.5500 Wi Tahana Tirarau & Rangatira Moetara 15 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/162 No (Omapere) Te Pikinga (Omapere) Te Pikinga 30 0 0 30.0000 R. Moetara, Tuwhare Kahi, Te Tamati Pona & 3 ors 14 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/163 Yes Inalienable for 21 years (Omanaia) Te Totara (Omanaia) Te Totara 100 0 0 100.0000 Mohi Wirikake, Amiria Raniera & Ani Taiuru Waipapa 14 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/164 Yes Inalienable for 21 years (Ngawha) Huria (Ngawha) Huria 25 2 36 25.7250 Wi.Te Whiu, Kahuwero, Pirihi & Puru 14 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/165 Yes Inalienable for 21 years (Ngawha) Takanga o Mohi (Ngawha) Takanga o Mohi 11 1 17 11.3563 Ana Kuku & Wi. Raukawa 14 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/166 No (Ohaeawai) Uruhua (Ohaeawai) Uruhua 18 0 0 18.0000 Kahi Te Hura 14 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/167 No (Te Ahuahu) Ke a Te Kahu (Te Ahuahu) Ke a Te Kahu 39 0 0 39.0000 Wi. Kaitara & Wi. Tangatapu 14 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/168 Yes Inalienable for 21 years (Ngawha) Waikahikatea (Ngawha) Waikahikatea 24 0 0 24.0000 Heta Te Haara & Pirini Te Riwha 14 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/169 No Ruapekapeka lot 1 Ruapekapeka lot 1 10 0 0 10.0000 Henry Stewart 15 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/182 No Ruapekapeka lot 3 Ruapekapeka lot 3 10 0 0 10.0000 William Dixon 15 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/183 No Ruapekapeka lot 4 Ruapekapeka lot 4 10 0 0 10.0000 Samuel Buchanan 15 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/184 No Ruapekapeka lot 5 Ruapekapeka lot 5 10 0 0 10.0000 T Tate 15 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/185 No Ruapekapeka lot 8 Ruapekapeka lot 8 10 0 0 10.0000 Joseph Neill 15 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/186 No Ruapekapeka lot 9 Ruapekapeka lot 9 10 0 0 10.0000 William Hamilton 15 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/187 No Ruapekapeka lot 10 Ruapekapeka lot 10 10 0 0 10.0000 Edward Larkin 15 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/188 No Ruapekapeka lot 11 Ruapekapeka lot 11 30 0 0 30.0000 Levi, Joshua & George Doel 15 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/189 No Along Tirohanga R Ruapekapeka lot 16 Ruapekapeka lot 16 10 0 0 10.0000 John Mason 15 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/190 No Ruapekapeka lot 17 Ruapekapeka lot 17 10 0 0 10.0000 Michael Montague 15 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/191 No Ruapekapeka lot 18 Ruapekapeka lot 18 10 0 0 10.0000 John McKeown 15 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/192 No Ruapekapeka lot 80 Ruapekapeka lot 80 10 0 0 10.0000 Joseph Read 15 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/193 No Ruapekapeka lot 81 Ruapekapeka lot 81 10 0 0 10.0000 George Pratt 15 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/194 No Ruapekapeka lot 82 Ruapekapeka lot 82 10 0 0 10.0000 John Barton 15 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/195 No Ruapekapeka lot 83 Ruapekapeka lot 83 10 0 0 10.0000 William Gibbons 15 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/196 No Omanaia lots 2-6 Omanaia lots 2-6 180 0 0 180.0000 James Sinclair 15 11 1870 W5274/153 78A/151 No Kawakawa lot 59 Kawakawa lot 59 20 0 0 20.0000 Richard Willis 14 11 1870 W5274/153 78A/156 No (Pakanae) Taikapati (Pakanae) Taikapati 66 1 0 66.2500 John Webster 27 1 1871 W5274/154 79A/207 No

285 Appendix D: Rigby Crown Grant sheet

Name Location A R P A_dec Grantees D M Y ABWB 8090 file Volume/folio Restrictions Comments (Oromahoe) Porotu (Oromahoe) Porotu 690 0 0 690.0000 Tau Whiorau, Tauahi, Tangata, Eru Nehua & 3 ors 20 1 1871 W5274/154 79A/209 No 567ac. W portion inalienable (Whangaroa E) Pararako (Whangaroa E) Pararako 171 0 0 171.0000 Henare Tupe, Natanahira, Te Pona & Heremaia Papu 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/100 No Roading deducn (Whangaroa E) Katikati (Whangaroa E) Katikati 181 0 0 181.0000 Henare & Hemi Tupe, H. Papu & Taniora Kowhiti 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/101 No Roading deducn (Matauri Bay W) Wainui (Matauri Bay W) Wainui 1,355 0 0 1,355.0000 Hone Ritotahi, Wi. Weka, Pataromu Tangaroa & 7 ors 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/102 No Roading deducn (Wairua) Papakuri A (Wairua) Papakuri A 370 0 0 370.0000 Hepi Monariki 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/106 No Roading deducn (Takou Bay) Kairawaru (Takou Bay) Kairawaru 506 0 0 506.0000 Natanahira Te Pona 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/113 No Roading deducn & inalienable (Kawakawa) Tiakipara (Kawakawa) Tiakipara 71 0 0 71.0000 Tamati Pukututu 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/114 No Roading deducn (Waikare S) Kohekohe (Waikare S) Kohekohe 18 0 0 18.0000 Te Hemara Kahukoti & Werekake Pohakena 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/115 No Roading deducn

(Tamarere) Kakamatenga No 2 (Tamarere) Kakamatenga No 2 10 0 0 10.0000 Tamati Pukututu 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/116 No Roading deducn (Kaikohe N) Whatitiri (Kaikohe N) Whatitiri 47 0 0 47.0000 Tipene Ruwhenua, Hemi Tuhapo, Te Ana & 4 ors 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/117 No Roading deducn (Kawakawa) Te Tainga No 2 (Kawakawa) Te Tainga No 2 2 1 4 2.2750 Tamati Pukututu & Hare Wirikake 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/118 No Roading deducn & inalienable (Whangaroa E) Marutoia (Whangaroa E) Marutoia 11 2 20 11.6250 Paora Ururoa, Hare Hongi & Hohepa Te Taha 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/119 No Roading deducn

(Waitangi W) Heke Maunuunu (Waitangi W) Heke Maunuunu 486 0 0 486.0000 Hemi Marupo & Heni Renata 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/120 No Roading deducn (Ohaeawai) Pakonga (Ohaeawai) Pakonga 30 0 0 30.0000 Heta Te Haara, Harataia, Tukaru & Riripeti Ngaia, 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/121 No

Wairoa lot 1 [Purerua Penin S?] Wairoa lot 1 [Purerua Penin S?] 412 0 0 412.0000 Thomas Hansen 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/93 No Along Poukoura R [Inlet?] (Kaikohe N) Te Totara (Kaikohe N) Te Totara 77 0 0 77.0000 Wi. Hongi Te Ripi 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/94 No Liable to 5% roading deduction (Takou Bay) Tapuaetahi (Takou Bay) Tapuaetahi 38 0 0 38.0000 Kingi Hori Kira 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/97 No Liable to 5% roading deduction (Kaikohe N) Herepoho (Kaikohe N) Herepoho 63 0 0 63.0000 Tamati Hapimana, Ani Taiuru, Peita & 2 ors 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/99 No Roading deducn & inalienable

(Ohaeawai) Waiwhariki (Ohaeawai) Waiwhariki 868 0 0 868.0000 Kahi Whiti, Pene Taui, Eru Waikerepuru, H.Te Haara & 4 ors 8 8 1871 W5274/157 82A/12 No Roading deducn & inalienable

(Whangaruru) Whakapakara (Whangaruru) Whakapakara 80 0 0 80.0000 Mohi Paka, Paratene Te Manu & Hori Wehiwehi 8 8 1871 W5274/157 82A/13 No Roading deducn

(Ruapekapeka) Waitemaringi (Ruapekapeka) Waitemaringi 335 0 0 335.0000 Te Atamira, Te Tane Takahi & Hare Paraha 8 8 1871 W5274/157 82A/14 No Roading deducn (Ngawha) Reiwhatia (Ngawha) Reiwhatia 219 0 0 219.0000 Hokianga, Hone Puohu, Hoterene Pukupakaru & 2 ors 8 8 1871 W5274/157 82A/15 No Roading deducn (Hen Island) Taranga (Hen Island) Taranga 1,175 0 0 1,175.0000 Hoterene Tawatawa & Reupene Puni 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/147 No (Te Ahuahu) Haowhenua (Te Ahuahu) Haowhenua 111 0 0 111.0000 Wiremu Pomare, Ihapera Hori & Hori Te ? 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/151 No Roading deducn (Otiria) Tuataranui (Otiria) Tuataranui 12 3 0 12.7500 Horihana Mauparaoa 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/152 No Roading deducn

(Opua W) Nga Moko Oneone (Opua W) Nga Moko Oneone 137 0 0 137.0000 Nikora Mokohare, Ihaia Kirihau & Anaru Te Ngamuheke 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/153 No Roading deducn (Whangaruru) Ohawini (Whangaruru) Ohawini 83 3 0 83.7500 Hori Wehiwehi, H.Tawatawa & Mihaka Te Wharaupo 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/154 No Roading deducn & inalienable (Whangaruru) Parahaki (Whangaruru) Parahaki 2,188 0 0 2,188.0000 H. Tawatawa, Wi Puanaki, M. Te Wharaupo & 7 ors 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/155 No Roading deducn (Waima) Pukehaka (Waima) Pukehaka 42 2 12 42.5750 Mohi Tawhai, Te Tatua, Te Kapua & Pehi Kuru 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/203 No Roading deducn (Onoke S) Te Kawakawa (Onoke S) Te Kawakawa 109 3 20 109.8750 Te Whiu, Makarena Te Waharoa, R. Pikitu & H. Riwhi 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/204 No Roading deducn (Waima N) Otautu (Waima N) Otautu 316 0 0 316.0000 Charles Bryers 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/205 No Roading deducn (Whirinaki) Puriritahi (Whirinaki) Puriritahi 29 1 0 29.2500 Makarena Te Waharoa 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/206 No Roading deducn (Onoke S) Te Puke (Onoke S) Te Puke 96 1 0 96.2500 Tui Pehiri, Waata Paiaka, Hauraki Kaipo & Tahaetini 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/207 No Roading deducn (Onoke S) Opuka (Onoke S) Opuka 70 2 0 70.5000 Makarena Te Waharoa & Te Whiu 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/208 No Roading deducn Kerikeri Inlet Kerikeri Inlet 72 2 37 72.7313 John Edmonds 20 5 1872 W5274/159 84A/150 No 8 separate lots, largest 49ac (Otaika) Tauranga Kotuku (Otaika) Tauranga Kotuku 50 0 0 50.0000 Taurau Kukupa, Wi. Rimi & Renata Manihera 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/13 No Roading deducn (Ngunguru) Tangotu (Ngunguru) Tangotu 13 0 0 13.0000 Kereama Te Peke, Rawiri Te Hinu, Haki Kopa & 4 ors 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/14 No Roading deducn (Maruata) Huanui (Maruata) Huanui 297 0 0 297.0000 Hohepa Mahanga, K.Te Peke, H. Kopa & Haehae 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/15 No Roading deducn (Raumanga) Te Mai No 2 (Raumanga) Te Mai No 2 3 0 0 3.0000 Taurau Kukupa & Te Ngunguhaeaua 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/16 No (Woodside) Horahora No 2 (Woodside) Horahora No 2 403 0 0 403.0000 Taurau Kukupa 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/17 No Roading deducn (??) Waiariki No 1 (??) Waiariki No 1 11 0 0 11.0000 Renata & Raumanga Manihera 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/18 No Not mapped by CFRT (??) Waiariki No 2 (??) Waiariki No 2 19 2 20 19.6250 Renata & Raumanga Manihera 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/19 No (Parua Bay) Waikawau (Parua Bay) Waikawau 30 0 0 30.0000 Horomona Kaikou 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/20 No Roading deducn (Ketenikau) Pahunuhunu (Ketenikau) Pahunuhunu 440 0 0 440.0000 Tipene Hari, Hirawani, Wi. Taungahuru & 3 ors 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/21 No (Kamo) Nga Moko Tuaitara (Kamo) Nga Moko Tuaitara 27 0 0 27.0000 Tipene Hari & Hone Puriri 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/22 No (Parua Bay) Te Koropana (Parua Bay) Te Koropana 4 0 0 4.0000 Horomona Kaikou 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/23 No Roading deducn

286 Appendix D: Rigby Crown Grant sheet

Name Location A R P A_dec Grantees D M Y ABWB 8090 file Volume/folio Restrictions Comments (Mangapai) Te Totara (Mangapai) Te Totara 36 0 0 36.0000 Timoti Taungahuru, Tipene Huirua & Ren. Manihera 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/24 No (Otaika) Wharewera (Otaika) Wharewera 75 0 0 75.0000 Rimi Te Pona, Ren. Manihera & Mere Reti 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/26 No (Rangi Point) Paengatai (Rangi Point) Paengatai 6 1 17 6.3563 Wi Tana Papahia & Kaperiere Te Huhu 13 7 1872 W5274/160 85A/71 No Roading deducn (Mitimiti N) Waitaha (Mitimiti N) Waitaha 344 0 0 344.0000 Wi Haki Tara, Atama Paparangi, Hikiera Tamaho & 6 ors 13 7 1872 W5274/160 85A/74 No Roading deducn (Mitimiti N) Waikare (Mitimiti N) Waikare 433 3 0 433.7500 Rikihana Toheroa, Petera Pauro, Hemi Tiki & 5 ors 13 7 1872 W5274/160 85A/75 No Roading deducn Waitangi lot 4 Waitangi lot 4 9,374 0 0 9,374.0000 James Busby 7 9 1872 W5274/161 86A/206 No Roading deducn (Onerahi) Waimahanga (Onerahi) Waimahanga 277 0 0 277.0000 Hira Tauru, Hirawani & Hone Puriri 7 9 1872 W5274/161 86A/212 No Roading deducn (Puhoi S) Okahu (Puhoi S) Okahu 2,408 0 0 2,408.0000 Te Hemara Tauhia & Henare Te Rawhiti 9 8 1872 W5274/161 86A/61 No (Puhoi S) Puhoi (Puhoi S) Puhoi 2,351 0 0 2,351.0000 Te Hemara Tauhia 9 8 1872 W5274/161 86A/62 No Kawakawa lot 79 Kawakawa lot 79 18.2.0 0 0 #VALUE! Joseph Armstrong 24 7 1872 W5274/161 86A/80 No (Kaeo) Horu (Kaeo) Horu 4 3 18 4.8625 Mere Mangatai Spickman 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/10 No Roading deducn (Kawakawa N) Ramarama (Kawakawa N) Ramarama 9 3 0 9.7500 Wi. Katene & Heta Te Haara 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/11 No Roading deducn (Taumarere) Hukahukaa (Taumarere) Hukahukaa 10 0 0 10.0000 Hori Pataua & Ihaia Piripi 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/12 No Roading deducn (Otuihu S) Te Wharau ['coaling (Otuihu S) Te Wharau ['coaling gro ground'] 3 3 0 3.7500 Hori Winiana 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/13 No Roading deducn

(Oromahoe) Te Aute (Oromahoe) Te Aute 73 0 0 73.0000 Moko Te Kaka, Wi Te Kemara, Wharau, Apiata Huirua & 6ors 8 2 1873 W5274/162 87A/130 No Roading deducn (Kawakawa N) Manukarere (Kawakawa N) Manukarere 21 0 0 21.0000 Wi Te Tatua, Piripi Poti, Hemi Maukino & 4 ors 8 2 1873 W5274/162 87A/131 No Roading deducn (Whangaruru) Papakura (Whangaruru) Papakura 326 2 15 326.5938 P. Te Manu, Mohi Kaingaroa, H. Tawatawa & 7 ors 8 2 1873 W5274/162 87A/132 No Roading deducn

(Whangaruru) Waikaramihia (Whangaruru) Waikaramihia 168 0 0 168.0000 Hone Tautahi, Heta Pakaraka, Repena & 4 ors 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/14 No Roading deducn & inalienable (Whangaruru) Koihanga (Whangaruru) Koihanga 27 3 0 27.7500 Paratene Te Manu & Reupena Puni 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/15 No Roading deducn & inalienable (Whangaruru) Kairaurau (Whangaruru) Kairaurau 244 0 0 244.0000 Mohi Kaingaroa 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/16 No Roading deducn

(Taumarere) Ohinemuri No 1 (Taumarere) Ohinemuri No 1 0 3 31 0.9438 Wi. Paki Ututaonga 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/17 No

(Taumarere) Ohinemuri No 3 (Taumarere) Ohinemuri No 3 2 0 0 2.0000 Te Waiti Te Iwitutu 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/18 No Roading deducn (Taumarere) Ohineuru (Taumarere) Ohineuru 24 0 0 24.0000 Eruera & Mihi Maki 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/19 No Roading deducn (Taumarere) Te Wahi Tapu No (Taumarere) Te Wahi Tapu No 2 2 0 3 15 0.8438 Hemi Tautari 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/20 No Roading deducn & inalienable (Hokianga N?) Ko Ngaho [not (Hokianga N?) Ko Ngaho [not mappmapped] 127 0 0 127.0000 Jane Clendon 1 11 1872 W5274/162 87A/29 No Roading deducn Totara north lot 2 Totara north lot 2 22 0 0 22.0000 Robert & William Saies 15 11 1872 W5274/162 87A/40 No (Whangaroa W) Oio (Whangaroa W) Oio 23 3 0 23.7500 Wiremu Te Pahi 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/6 No Roading deducn (Oromahoe) Haowhenua (Oromahoe) Haowhenua 21 0 0 21.0000 Iritana Ngahuka & Rihia Paeko 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/7 No Roading deducn & inalienable (Ngunguru N) Matapouri (Ngunguru N) Matapouri 124 0 0 124.0000 H. Wehiwehi, P.Te Manu, Eru Tawhatiwhati & 5 ors 15 11 1872 W5274/162 87A/76 No Roading deducn & inalienable (Oromahoe) Puketaka (Oromahoe) Puketaka 40 0 0 40.0000 Te Ratu Renata 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/8 No Roading deducn & inalienable (Oromahoe?) Te Weri [not (Oromahoe?) Te Weri [not mappedmapped] 3 1 37 3.4813 Hari Wirikake 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/9 No Roading deducn (Waima) Te Tukituki (Waima) Te Tukituki 63 0 0 63.0000 Bridget Cassidy & ors 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/150 No Roading deducn (Taheke) Ruatuna (Taheke) Ruatuna 15 3 0 15.7500 Ani Poto 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/151 No Roading deducn (Taheke) Pokapu (Taheke) Pokapu 14 0 0 14.0000 Te Kapua Mangu Te Rahiri 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/152 No Roading deducn (Taheke) Herekohu (Taheke) Herekohu 8 3 0 8.7500 Te Kapuamangu & 8 ors 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/153 No Roading deducn (Taheke) Te Ahuorongo (Taheke) Te Ahuorongo 7 0 0 7.0000 Reihana Waitara & 3 ors 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/154 No Roading deducn; CFRT Mapped as 19.4ac (Taheke) Te Tahaawai (Taheke) Te Tahaawai 11 0 0 11.0000 Eruera Hira & 5 ors 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/155 No Roading deducn (Taheke) Pirikotaha (Taheke) Pirikotaha 9 0 0 9.0000 Ruka Korakora 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/156 No Roading deducn (Waima N) Papua (Waima N) Papua 576 0 0 576.0000 Porohita, Ranga & Puru Whero 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/157 No Roading deducn (Karaka Point) Te Karaka (Karaka Point) Te Karaka 10 3 10 10.8125 Te Tai Papahia 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/158 No Roading deducn (Taheke) Whakaaho (Taheke) Whakaaho 9 2 0 9.5000 Wawe, Mere Kaiariki & 5 ors 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/159 No Roading deducn (Taheke) Te Piriti (Taheke) Te Piriti 16 2 0 16.5000 Wiremu Karaka Pi & 3 ors 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/160 No Roading deducn (Taheke) Te Ahuorongo (Taheke) Te Ahuorongo 12 0 0 12.0000 Pita Te Taiwhanga 8 7 1873 W5274/163 88A/177 Yes Inalienable by sale; roading ded; CFRT Mapped as 19.4ac Ruapekapeka lot 7 Ruapekapeka lot 7 10 0 0 10.0000 Henry Hunter 25 2 1873 W5274/163 88A/74 No Ruapekapeka lot 15 & 24 Ruapekapeka lot 15 & 24 21 2 0 21.5000 Thomas Moore 25 2 1873 W5274/163 88A/75 No

287 Appendix D: Rigby Crown Grant sheet

Name Location A R P A_dec Grantees D M Y ABWB 8090 file Volume/folio Restrictions Comments Aporo, Hohaia Whata, Rae Ngau, Noakiro, Hemi Pangahuru, (Orira S) Onewa (Orira S) Onewa 21 0 0 21.0000 Pangari & Hepere 13 9 1873 W5274/164 89A/142 No Roading deducn Wi. Tima, H. Taiwhanga,Wi Hemara, Wi Toto & Ka Wirihana (Purerua W) Paoneone (Purerua W) Paoneone 651 2 16 651.6000 Poke 13 9 1873 W5274/164 89A/143 No Remove to sheet 2 (Hauraki) Tahanui (Hauraki) Tahanui 875 3 20 875.8750 Hemi Te Kuri & 3 ors 31 3 1870 W5274/164 89A/144 No CFRT mapped as 702ac (Omapere) Te Piriti No 2 (Omapere) Te Piriti No 2 1 1 27 1.4188 Paka Te Poutu 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/219 No (Omapere) Putoetoe No 2 (Omapere) Putoetoe No 2 1 1 3 1.2688 Te Tai Papahia 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/220 No (Omapere) Putoetoe No 3 (Omapere) Putoetoe No 3 1 1 0 1.2500 Te Kahika 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/221 No (Omapere) Putoetoe No 4 (Omapere) Putoetoe No 4 1 0 21 1.1313 Rawiri Te Tahua 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/222 No (Omapere) Putoetoe No 5 (Omapere) Putoetoe No 5 1 1 11 1.3188 Tuha 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/223 No (Omapere) Putoetoe No 6 (Omapere) Putoetoe No 6 1 0 21 1.1313 Aramiha Tio 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/224 No (Omapere) Putoetoe No 7 (Omapere) Putoetoe No 7 1 0 31 1.1938 Mihake Ngori & Kerehi Wairau 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/225 No (Omapere) Putoetoe No 8 (Omapere) Putoetoe No 8 1 0 28 1.1750 Hemara Ngakai & 2 ors 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/226 No (Omapere) Putoetoe No 9 (Omapere) Putoetoe No 9 1 0 35 1.2188 Te Arahu Te Ngaru 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/227 No (Omapere) Putoetoe No 10 (Omapere) Putoetoe No 10 1 0 36 1.2250 Rawiri Tiopira 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/228 No (Omapere) Putoetoe No 11 (Omapere) Putoetoe No 11 1 0 34 1.2125 Ngature Tahua & 2 ors 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/229 No (Omapere) Putoetoe No 12 (Omapere) Putoetoe No 12 1 0 38 1.2375 Te Tanati & 2 ors 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/230 No (Omapere) Putoetoe No 13 (Omapere) Putoetoe No 13 1 0 38 1.2375 Pene Kahi & Kerei Waikare 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/231 No (Omapere) Putoetoe No 14 (Omapere) Putoetoe No 14 1 0 36 1.2250 Tako & Peri Tako 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/232 No (Omapere) Putoetoe No 15 (Omapere) Putoetoe No 15 1 0 32 1.2000 Te Karauna & 3 ors 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/233 No (Omapere) Putoetoe No 16 (Omapere) Putoetoe No 16 1 0 20 1.1250 Nga Hiraka Kohau 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/234 No (Omapere) Putoetoe No 17 (Omapere) Putoetoe No 17 1 0 32 1.2000 Hapakuku Moetara 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/235 No (Omapere) Putoetoe No 19 (Omapere) Putoetoe No 19 1 0 35 1.2188 Reipana Te Oneroa & Waata Tahana 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/236 No (Omapere) Putoetoe No 20 (Omapere) Putoetoe No 20 1 0 35 1.2188 Tete & Marara Tete 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/237 No (Omapere) Putoetoe No 21 (Omapere) Putoetoe No 21 1 0 39 1.2438 Atareta Wiremu 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/238 No (Omapere) Putoetoe No 23 (Omapere) Putoetoe No 23 0 3 35 0.9688 Tako Paura & Ngawati 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/239 No (Mangamuka) Tai Kawhana (Mangamuka) Tai Kawhana 60 0 0 60.0000 Hori Kaiaka 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/240 No Roading deducn

(Mangamuka) Pautouto No 1 (Mangamuka) Pautouto No 1 172 0 0 172.0000 Piripi Patiki 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/241 No Roading deducn. Parent block = 333ac

(Mangamuka) Pautouto No 2 (Mangamuka) Pautouto No 2 164 0 0 164.0000 Mohi & Kaio Otene, Mohi Whiti 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/242 No Roading deducn. Combined blocks = 336ac (Pakanae) Oharotu (Pakanae) Oharotu 10 2 0 10.5000 Tio 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/243 No Roading deducn Arama Whakapeka, Arama Te Wewehi, Taniora Rihare & Mihi (Kaeo) Mangaiti (Kaeo) Mangaiti 52 0 0 52.0000 Pou 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/246 Yes Inalienable by sale; road ded. Parent block = 109.4ac (Kaeo) Mangaiti No 2 (Kaeo) Mangaiti No 2 16 3 20 16.8750 Henare & Riripeti Kingi 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/247 Yes Inalienable by sale; roading ded. 9 2 12 9.5750 Hetaraka Whakapeka, Hone Pihama & Hone Haki 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/248 Yes Inalienable by sale; roading ded. (Omapere) Te Piriti No 1 (Omapere) Te Piriti No 1 1 0 33 1.2063 Hauraki Rewha, Kerehi & Penetana Kaipo 24 10 1873 W5274/165 90A/1 No (Kawakawa N) Ngaropa (Kawakawa N) Ngaropa 6 0 0 6.0000 Honetana Te Kero 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/121 Yes Inalienable by sale or lease; Roading deducn (Whangaroa E) Te Karaka (Whangaroa E) Te Karaka 11 0 25 11.1563 Catherine, Eliza, Ada & Enoch Davis 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/129 No Roading deducn

(Te Ahuahu) Te Ngako No 1 (Te Ahuahu) Te Ngako No 1 72 0 0 72.0000 Mihaka Pehiriri, Wi. Katene, H. Wirikake & Tamauru Te Iwi 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/140 No Roading deducn; Parent block = 176ac (Opuawhango) Paparahi (Opuawhango) Paparahi 120 0 0 120.0000 Hori Wehiwehi 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/141 No Roading deducn (Pakaraka) Pirikotaha (Pakaraka) Pirikotaha 127 0 0 127.0000 Iritana Ngahuka 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/142 No Roading deducn (Pakaraka) Hereangutu (Pakaraka) Hereangutu 127 0 0 127.0000 Te Epa Haratua & Rihi Ongi 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/143 No Roading deducn

(Te Ahuahu) Te Ngako No 2 (Te Ahuahu) Te Ngako No 2 104 0 0 104.0000 Henare Tiri, Ngapana, Hetaraka Tauwhitu & Te Waiwhakaruku 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/144 No Roading deducn; Combined blocks = 176ac (Kawakawa) Matairiri No 1 (Kawakawa) Matairiri No 1 17 0 0 17.0000 Maihi Paraone Kawhiti 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/145 No Roading deducn; Mapped as No 2 (Whangaruru) Parutahi (Whangaruru) Parutahi 180 0 0 180.0000 Hori Wehiwehi 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/146 No Roading deducn (??) Hikaretu (??) Hikaretu 3 3 0 3.7500 Hemi Kapa Manihera Te Uira & Noe 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/152 No Not mapped by CFRT. Not in Un Auc NLC index Mihaka Arapeti, Herewini Mangumangu, Reihana Paraone, Hone P Kitete, Hohua Taimoana, Wi Kiripi, Hone Pihama (Jr), (Rotokakahi) Tauwhitu (Rotokakahi) Tauwhitu 0 5 38 1.4875 Mitai te Ongiongi & Pene Harara 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/164 Yes Inalienable by sale or lease (Maunu) Waipuna No 1 (Maunu) Waipuna No 1 56 0 0 56.0000 Harieta Herekino & Pita Hawaiki 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/165 No Roading deducn; Parent block = 99 ac

288 Appendix D: Rigby Crown Grant sheet

Name Location A R P A_dec Grantees D M Y ABWB 8090 file Volume/folio Restrictions Comments (Maunu) Waipuna No 2 (Maunu) Waipuna No 2 13 0 0 13.0000 Eru Toenga, Hona Te Hora, Te Pirihi, Hemi Pea & Taurau 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/166 No Roading deducn Hona Te Horo, Horomona Te Hana, Parata Te Ratapou, Ihapera (Ruakaka) Waiwarawara (Ruakaka) Waiwarawara 1,243 0 0 1,243.0000 Pomare & Hira Te Taka 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/167 No Roading deducn

Rawiri Te Hinu, H Te Moananui, Hake Kopa, Anatipa Wero, Raharuhi Taonui, Hohepa Mahanga, Kamira Te Mahara, Wi H (Ngunguru) Waikariri (Ngunguru) Waikariri 180 0 0 180.0000 Kapotai, Neomai Puwharawhara & Kereama Te Peke 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/168 No Roading deducn

(Kamo) Ngamokotuaitara [No Tipene Hari, Mere Wharenikau, Hepi Monariki, Wi Pepene, (Kamo) Ngamokotuaitara [No 1] 1] 5 3 34 5.9625 Tangahuru, Rikihana Takurua, Reweti H Kingi & Eru Pohe 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/169 No Roading deducn; Parent block much larger Hira Taurua, R.Tukurua, T.Hari, Hirawanu Te Pura, Hone Rakete, Hepi Monariki, Mere Wharenikau, Wiki Pirihi, Te (Ketenikau) Hurupaki (Ketenikau) Hurupaki 362 0 0 362.0000 Reweti H Kingi & Eru Pohe 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/170 No W 200 acres inalienable; Cancelled 25 Nov 1885 Hira Taurua, R.Tukurua, T.Hari, Hirawanu Te Pura, Hone Rakete, Hepi Monariki, Mere Wharenikau, Wiki Pirihi, Te (Ketenikau) Otapapa (Ketenikau) Otapapa 20 0 0 20.0000 Reweti H Kingi & Eru Pohe 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/171 No Hohepa Mahanga, Watonio Motuhinau, Haki Kopa, Anatipa Wero, Raharuhi Taonui, Henare Te Moana, Kauteawa & (Pataua) Taranui (Pataua) Taranui 34 0 0 34.0000 Kamira Te Mahara 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/172 No Roading deducn (Ngawha) Tuwhakino (Ngawha) Tuwhakino 1,086 0 0 1,086.0000 Heta Te Haara 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/175 No Roading deducn (Kerikeri) Pukewhau (Kerikeri) Pukewhau 101 0 0 101.0000 Tango Hikuwai 11 3 1874 W5274/165 90A/206 No Roading deducn; Larger than 68ac NR (Rangi Point) Hauauru (Rangi Point) Hauauru 251 0 0 251.0000 Hone & Hori Harimana 11 3 1874 W5274/165 90A/210 No

AK Haututu, Rahui, Hone Waiti, Aramiha Paikea, Ereatara Te (Omaha) Mangatawhiri No 1 (Omaha) Mangatawhiri No 1 1,957 0 0 1,957.0000 Tarehu, Patara Pani, Hori Te More & Hori Kingi 17 12 1873 W5274/165 90A/25 No Roading deducn; Parent block = 3,622ac

(Omaha) Mangatawhiri No 3 (Omaha) Mangatawhiri No 3 230 0 0 230.0000 Ruka Taiaho, Wi Patene & Te Kiri 17 12 1873 W5274/165 90A/26 Yes Inalienable by sale or lease; Roading deducn Te Hemara Tauhia, Ruka Taiaho, Miriama Hokura, Erana Te (Omaha) Mangatawhiri No 2 (Omaha) Mangatawhiri No 2 1,435 0 0 1,435.0000 Kawerau, Rauhi, Ramari Tahere, Piko & Wi Patene 17 12 1873 W5274/165 90A/27 No Roading deducn; Combined blocks = 3622ac Kaikohe N Kaikohe N 50 0 0 50.0000 Arthur Edmonds 17 4 1874 W5274/166 91A/128 No Sections NE of Omapere L Kaikohe N Kaikohe N 50 0 0 50.0000 Sarah Goffe 17 4 1874 W5274/166 91A/129 No NR at Mawhe Point excluded Kaikohe N Kaikohe N 50 0 0 50.0000 Matilda Hingston 17 4 1874 W5274/166 91A/130 No Roading deducn Kaikohe N Kaikohe N 48 1 20 48.3750 Reuben Edmonds 17 4 1874 W5274/166 91A/131 No Roads surveyed along exterior bdies Kaikohe N Kaikohe N 50 0 0 50.0000 Alfred Edmonds 17 4 1874 W5274/166 91A/132 No Roads surveyed along exterior bdies Kaikohe N Kaikohe N 50 0 0 50.0000 John T Edmonds 17 4 1874 W5274/166 91A/133 No Roads surveyed along exterior bdies Kaikohe N Kaikohe N 50 0 0 50.0000 Joseph Edmonds 17 4 1874 W5274/166 91A/134 No Roads surveyed along exterior bdies Kaikohe N Kaikohe N 50 0 0 50.0000 Samuel J Edmonds 17 4 1874 W5274/166 91A/135 No Roads surveyed along exterior bdies Kaikohe N Kaikohe N 50 0 0 50.0000 Jane Budlong 'of Rhode Island [USA]' 17 4 1874 W5274/166 91A/136 No Roads surveyed along exterior bdies Kaikohe N Kaikohe N 50 0 0 50.0000 William Edmonds 17 4 1874 W5274/166 91A/137 No Roads surveyed along exterior bdies Kaikohe N Kaikohe N 50 0 0 50.0000 Henry Edmonds 17 4 1874 W5274/166 91A/138 No

(Taumarere) Te Tainga No 3 (Taumarere) Te Tainga No 3 4 1 20 4.3750 T. Pukututu, Te Puiaiti, H. Wirikake & Makareta Whatonga 24 8 1874 W5274/167 92A/8 Yes Inalienable by sale or lease. Incl road & bridge (Hikurangi W) Wairua (Hikurangi W) Wairua 27,800 0 0 27,800.0000 Maihi Te Kawhiti 1 10 1875 W5274/168 93A/238 No Maihi Paraone Kawhiti, Reihana Te Puku, Te Atimana, Hunia Te Kapotai, Hori Winiana, Wi Te Akiro, Tamati Piriaiti, Merata & (Taumarere) Uakanga (Taumarere) Uakanga 45 0 0 45.0000 Hemi Tautari 23 10 1874 W5274/168 93A/72 No Cancelled 01 Apr 1886 (Rangi Point) Te Kauri (Rangi Point) Te Kauri 17 2 20 17.6250 Edward Boyce 12 1 1875 W5274/168 93A/93 No (Hok South Head)Tai Haruru (Hok South Head)Tai Haruru 110 1 0 110.2500 John & Charles Bryers 12 1 1875 W5274/168 93A/94 No (Kaikohe) Waikotihe (Kaikohe) Waikotihe 5 1 25 5.4063 Kohu Maru & Piripi Poti 12 1 1875 W5274/168 93A/95 No Probably largest solo grant; No roading deducn.

289 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source Ahimate Whangarei 18 September 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 75 0 0 75.00 ML Plan Ahitunutawa (Te) Bay of Islands 29 August 1893 1893 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 28 2 10 28.56 ML Plan Ahuahu Bay of Islands 3 November 1897 1897 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 128 0 0 128.00 ML Plan Ahuorongo (Te) No. 1 Hokianga 13 June 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 7 1 34 7.46 ML Plan Ahuorongo (Te) No. 2 Hokianga 13 June 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 12 0 0 12.00 ML Plan Ahutoatoa Hokianga 6 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4,277 0 0 4,277.00 ML Plan Akarana Bay of Islands 3 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 16 0 0 16.00 ML Plan Akeake (Te) Mahurangi 26 January 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 9 0 0 9.00 ML Plan Akitone No.1 Bay of Islands 10 December 1878 1878 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1 0 28 1.18 NLC CT Aotahi Whangarei 11 December 1900 1900 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 126 0 0 126.00 ML Plan Apu (Te) Whangarei 15 May 1940 1940 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3 2 0 3.50 ML Plan Arairiri Hokianga 2 January 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 63 0 0 63.00 ML Plan Arawhatatotara No.1 Hokianga 7 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,187 0 0 1,187.00 ML Plan Arawhatatotara No.2 Hokianga 7 April 1875 and 15 November 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,129 0 0 2,129.00 ML Plan Aroha Bay of Islands 1 December 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 30 0 0 30.00 ML Plan Aukumeroa Whangarei 14 September 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,045 0 0 3,045.00 ML Plan Aupouri (Te) Whangarei 14 July 1897 1897 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,043 1 0 1,043.25 ML Plan Aute (Te) Hokianga 1 March 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 76 0 0 76.00 ML Plan Aute (Te) Bay of Islands 28 February 1890 1890 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 73 0 0 73.00 ML Plan Awaawaroa Bay of Islands 4 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 49 0 0 49.00 ML Plan Awahe [ML 174A] Bay of Islands 9 May 1883 1883 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 12 0 0 12.00 ML Plan Awahe [ML 2226] Bay of Islands 17 April 1882 1882 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 33 2 0 33.50 ML Plan Awamutu (Te) Whangarei 12 July 1877 1877 1875-1880 NLC CT 20 0 0 20.00 ML Plan Awaroa (Te) Hokianga 25 November 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 13,113 0 0 13,113.00 NLC CT Awarua [ML 3135] Whangarei 8 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,100 0 0 3,100.00 ML Plan Awarua [ML 9316] Whangarei 26 May 1915 1915 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,803 0 0 1,803.00 ML Plan Awataha (Te) Hokianga 6 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 290 0 0 290.00 ML Plan Epurua Bay of Islands 2 July 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 64 0 0 64.00 ML Plan Haawhe (Te) Whangarei 7 February 1882 1882 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1 0 0 1.00 ML Plan Haowhenua [ML 1918] Bay of Islands 23 November 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 111 0 0 111.00 ML Plan Haowhenua [ML 2223] Bay of Islands 3 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 21 0 0 21.00 ML Plan Hapairua Whangarei 21 August 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 20 2 0 20.50 ML Plan Hapanga (Te) Hokianga 1 November 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 13 0 0 13.00 ML Plan Hape (Te) Whangarei 7 February 1882 1882 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 235 0 0 235.00 ML Plan Haratai Hokianga 1 November 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 146 0 0 146.00 ML Plan Hariru & Poutai Bay of Islands 10 November 1887 1887 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 43 0 0 43.00 ML Plan Hatoi Whangarei 19 June 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan Hatoi 1 Whangarei 17 December 1895 1895 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 268 0 0 268.00 ML Plan Hauai Bay of Islands 23 January 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,433 3 0 1,433.75 ML Plan Hauauru Hokianga 26 June 1871 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 288 0 0 288.00 ML Plan Hauhaupounamu Bay of Islands 17 July 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 142 0 0 142.00 ML Plan Haumi (Te) Whangarei 4 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 226 0 0 226.00 ML Plan

Hauraki Bay of Islands 1 July 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 117 0 0 117.00 ML Plan Hautapu (Te) Bay of Islands 14 January 1885 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 113 2 34 113.71 ML Plan Hauturu Hokianga 10 October 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 585 1 0 585.25 ML Plan Hauturu / Little Barrier Island Mahurangi 18 October 1886 1886 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 6,960 0 0 6,960.00 ML Plan Hekemaunuunu Bay of Islands 28 March 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 486 2 0 486.50 ML Plan Hereangutu Bay of Islands 17 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 127 0 0 127.00 ML Plan Herekohu Hokianga 13 June 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 8 3 0 8.75 ML Plan Herepoho Bay of Islands 23 May 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 66 0 0 66.00 ML Plan Hihi (Te) [ML 193] Whangarei Unknown 1895 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 416 0 0 416.00 ML Plan

290 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio ML 3583 ML 861 ML 6585 12153 7 0 0 7.00 100 or less Reihana Waitara & 3 ors 9 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/154 2510 12 0 0 12.00 100 or less Pita Te Taiwhanga 1 8 7 1873 W5274/163 88A/177 ML 93 4,277 0 0 4,277.00 4,001-5,000 Wi H Te Tahua & 10 others 11 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/35 ML 525 16 0 0 16.00 100 or less Wiremu Katene 1 8 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/218 ML 87 3338 ML 6425 ML 12691 ML 1470 63 0 0 63.00 100 or less Annabella Webster 1 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/239 ML 3178 ML 3178 ML 411 30 0 0 30.00 100 or less Tango Hikuwai 1 39A/179 ML 3483 ML 6603 ML 2225 73 0 0 73.00 100 or less Moko Te Kaka, Wi Te Kemara & 8 others 10 8 2 1873 W5274/162 87A/130 ML 357-A 763 0 0 763.00 501-1,000 Raniera Wharerau & 5 others 6 22 5 1867 W5274/120 45A/157 ML 287 49 0 0 49.00 100 or less Hohepa Whare & Rihare Hangarau 2 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/140 ML 174-A 12 0 0 12.00 100 or less Piripi Poke, Hamiora Tuakarua & 6 others 8 17 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/52 ML 4426 ML 3746 454 / 455 ML 3135 ML 9316 ML 97 290 0 0 290.00 201-300 Titore & Papapurihia 2 3A/37 ML 942 64 0 0 64.00 100 or less Ngae & 4 others 5 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/11 ML 4986 ML 1918 111 0 0 111.00 101 - 200 Wiremu Pomare & 2 others 3 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/151 ML 2223 21 0 0 21.00 100 or less Iritana Ngahuka & Rihia Paeko 2 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/7 ML 4616 ML 231 13 0 0 13.00 100 or less Te Huruti & 6 others 7 15 3 1867 W5274/113 38A/224 ML 5222 ML 403 146 0 0 146.00 101 - 200 Pukerewha Whatiia & 3 others 4 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/72 ML 948 ML 618 ML 6684 ML 8418-2 ML 2305 251 0 0 251.00 201-300 H & H Harimana 2 90A/210 ML 877 142 0 0 142.00 101 - 200 Henare Marino & Horekere 2 1 1 1870 W5274/143 68A/249 ML 799 226 0 0 226.00 201-300 Tirarau 1 1 1 1870 W5274/143 68A/237

ML 711 117 0 0 117.00 101 - 200 Heta Te Haara, Reihana Taukawau & 3 others 5 30 10 1868 W5274/134 59A/77 ML 5575 ML 2015 ML 4204 ML 1368 486 0 0 486.00 401-500 Hemi Marupo & Heni Renata 2 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/120 ML 2565 127 0 0 127.00 101 - 200 Te Epa Haratua & Rihi Ongi 2 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/143 ML 2503 8 3 0 8.75 100 or less Te Kapuamangu & 8 ors 9 8 7 1873 W5274/163 88A/153 ML 1366 63 0 0 63.00 100 or less Tamati Hapimana & 3 others 4 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/99 ML 193

291 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source Hihi (Te) [ML 6539] Whangarei 7 February 1895 1895 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 25 2 32 25.70 ML Plan Hihiaua Whangarei 15 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 7 2 0 7.50 ML Plan Hikaretu Hokianga 24 December 1873 1873 1865-1874 3 3 0 3.75 NLC CT Hikurangi Hokianga 26 June 1871 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3 1 35 3.47 ML Plan Hoahoaina Whangaroa 28 September 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 156 0 0 156.00 ML Plan Hoahoaina No. 2 Whangaroa Unknown Unknown Unknown 76 2 36 76.73 ML Plan Hoanga (Te) Whangaroa 2 March 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 49 0 0 49.00 ML Plan Hoanga (Te) 4 September 1866 1866 1865-1874 NLC MB 685 0 0 685.00 NLC CT Hokianga township lots 27-29, 35-36 Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Hokianga township lots 37-38, 43-45 Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Honohere Bay of Islands 12 February 1885 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 197 1 27 197.42 ML Plan Hopekako Bay of Islands 27 October 1869 1869 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 79 0 0 79.00 ML Plan Horahora [ML 1083] Whangarei 8 July 1868 1868 1865-1874 403 0 0 403.00 ML Plan Horahora [ML 8855] Whangarei 14 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,922 0 0 1,922.00 ML Plan Horahora No. 1 29 September 1868 1868 1865-1874 Unknown Horahora No. 2 14 November 1871 1871 1865-1874 Unknown Horeke Hokianga 11 April 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 16 0 28 NLC CT Horeke (North) 16 November 1865 1865 1865-1874 Unknown Horeke (South) 16 November 1865 1865 1865-1874 Unknown Horena Bay of Islands 30 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 29 0 0 29.00 ML Plan Horo (Te) Bay of Islands 1 November 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 122 1 25 122.41 ML Plan Horotiu Hokianga 7 April 1885 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 826 1 37 826.48 ML Plan Horu Whangaroa 2 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4 3 18 4.86 ML Plan Huahua Hokianga 20 September 1915 1915 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 5 0 0 5.00 ML Plan Huanui Whangarei 16 September 1871 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 297 0 0 297.00 ML Plan Huatau Hokianga 21 April 1903 1903 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 184 0 18 184.11 ML Plan Huawai Mahurangi 26 January 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 729 0 0 729.00 ML Plan Hue Hue 2 Whangarei 18 January 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,580 0 0 1,580.00 ML Plan Huiarau Bay of Islands 7 March 1890 1890 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 21 1 36 21.48 ML Plan Hukahuka Bay of Islands 19 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan Hukanui Hokianga 4 January 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1 1 12 1.33 ML Plan Hukerenui Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 19,500 0 0 19,500.00 ML Plan Hukerenui Block VIII Section 12 Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown 200 0 0 200.00 ML Plan Hunoke (Te) Hokianga 4 January 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 25 3 3 25.77 ML Plan Huria Bay of Islands 3 February 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 25 2 36 25.73 ML Plan Huruata Whangaroa 7 September 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan Hurukore Tuatahi Whangarei 4 September 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 30 0 0 30.00 ML Plan Hurupaki Whangarei 28 November 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 362 0 0 362.00 ML Plan Ikaroa (Te) Bay of Islands 1 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 115 0 0 115.00 ML Plan Iweri (Te) Whangarei 26 August 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 99 0 0 99.00 ML Plan Kaahu (Te) Hokianga 6 November 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 130 0 0 130.00 ML Plan Kahakaharoa Hokianga 15 November 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,560 0 0 3,560.00 ML Plan Kahakaharoa 2 Whangarei 7 February 1882 1882 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,314 0 0 1,314.00 ML Plan Kahikatea Hokianga 18 April 1885 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 5 3 28 5.93 ML Plan Kahikatoa [ML 251] Hokianga 2 July 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 797 1 33 797.46 NLC CT Kahikatoa [ML 7270] Whangaroa 11 September 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 440 0 0 440.00 ML Plan Kahuietieke Whangarei 12 February 1895 1895 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 39 0 32 39.20 ML Plan Kahuwera Whangarei 22 August 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 124 0 0 124.00 ML Plan Kaihiki Bay of Islands 18 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 154 0 0 154.00 ML Plan Kaikopere Whangaroa Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Kaikou 2 Whangarei 28 June 1910 1910 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,303 0 0 3,303.00 ML Plan Kaikou 3 Whangarei 26 January 1911 1911 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 10,292 0 0 10,292.00 ML Plan

292 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio ML 6539 ML 375 449 ML 2021 ML 233 156 0 0 156.00 101 - 200 Wiremu Naihi 1 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/147 ML 6725 ML 3024 4902 685 0 0 685.00 501-1,000 Tirarau 1 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/201 1 0 25 1.16 100 or less Arama Karaka Pi 1 12 2 1872 W/5274/105 30A/122 1 0 31 1.19 100 or less Mohi Tawhai 1 12 2 1872 W/5274/105 30A/123 ML 5576 ML 717 79 0 0 79.00 100 or less Paora Ururoa 1 73A/189 ML 1083 ML 3795 22 0 0 22.00 100 or less Taurau Kukupa 1 9 5 1870 W5274/148 73A/176 403 0 0 403.00 401-500 Taurau Kukupa 1 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/17 ML 99 / CT 329 0 3 14 0.84 100 or less Tipene Toro 1 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/155 16 0 28 16.18 100 or less H K Tawhiti & Atama Johns 2 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/158 ML 274 29 0 0 29.00 100 or less Marupo 1 8 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/219 ML 3293 ML 5573 ML 2224 4 3 18 4.86 100 or less Mere Mangatai Spickman 1 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/10 ML 7933 ML 1296 ML 8134 ML 87-A ML 3693 ML 3678 ML 2480 10 0 0 10.00 100 or less Hori Pataua & Ihaia Piripi 2 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/12 ML 1586 1 1 12 1.33 100 or less Rangatira Moetara & 9 others 10 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/236 ML 2967 ML 10379 ML 12081 25 3 30 25.94 100 or less Tiopira Rehia & 6 others 7 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/237 ML 1166 25 2 36 25.73 100 or less Wi Te Whio & 3 others 4 14 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/165 ML 214 10 0 0 10.00 100 or less Paora Ururoa 1 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/216 ML 157 30 0 0 30.00 100 or less Tirarau 1 13 10 1866 W5274/110 35A/168 ML 2630 362 0 0 362.00 301-400 Hira Taura & 9 others 10 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/170 ML 849 115 0 0 115.00 101 - 200 Rameka Whiro & 3 others 4 22 11 1869 W5274/140 65A/240 ML 4608 ML 383 ML 8099 ML 5128 ML 5803 39 797 1 33 797.46 501-1,000 Rawiri Te Whare & 4 others 5 3 10 1866 W5274/110 35A/4 ML 7270 ML 6339 ML 48 124 0 0 124.00 101 - 200 Haki Whangawhanga 1 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/179 ML 6038

ML 8016 ML 8017

293 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source 18 May 1905 (Kaikou E and F), 10 November 1916 (Kaikou A1, A2, A3, B, C, Kaikou A-F Whangarei and D) 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4,844 0 0 4,844.00 ML Plan Kaingapipiwai Whangaroa 7 October 1875? 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,539 0 0 3,539.00 ML Plan Kaingapokanoa Bay of Islands 1 February 1869 1869 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 107 0 0 107.00 ML Plan Kaingapokeno Whangaroa 3 November 1899 1899 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 340 0 0 340.00 ML Plan Kaipatiki 23 February 1871 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,454 0 0 3,454.00 NLC CT Kairaurau Bay of Islands 18 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 244 0 0 244.00 ML Plan Kairawaru Whangaroa 26 March 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 506 0 0 506.00 ML Plan Kaitakapu Whangarei 4 September 1929 1929 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 50 1 30 50.44 ML Plan Kaitara 2 Whangarei 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 6,722 0 0 6,722.00 ML Plan Kaiwaka Bay of Islands 24 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 15 0 0 15.00 ML Plan Kaiwhakairi Bay of Islands 1 June 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 268 0 0 268.00 ML Plan Kaiwhakarau Hokianga 24 April 1917 1917 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 11 0 0 11.00 ML Plan Kakahoroa Whangarei 25 August 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 366 0 0 366.00 ML Plan Kakamatenga Bay of Islands 4 April 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 65 0 0 65.00 ML Plan Kakamatenga 2 Bay of Islands 28 March 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan Kamore Bay of Islands 3 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 7 0 0 7.00 ML Plan Kanaerehe Bay of Islands 1 December 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 491 0 0 491.00 ML Plan Kapo (Te) Bay of Islands 3 April 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 6 0 0 6.00 ML Plan Kapowai Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,164 2 0 1,164.50 ML Plan Kapurahoru Bay of Islands 4 April 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 492 0 0 492.00 ML Plan Karae (Te) Hokianga 30 April 1907 1907 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Karaka (Te) [ML 180] Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 76 0 0 76.00 ML Plan Karaka (Te) [ML 2482] Hokianga 4 June 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 10 3 10 10.81 ML Plan Karaka (Te) [ML 2623] Whangaroa 19 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 11 0 25 11.16 ML Plan Karaka (Te) [ML 282] Whangarei 15 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 11,710 0 0 11,710.00 ML Plan Karaka (Te) [ML 293] Bay of Islands 2 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 13 0 0 13.00 ML Plan Karakahuarua Bay of Islands 3 October 1899 1899 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 291 2 0 291.50 ML Plan Karatia Hokianga 4 May 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 5 0 2 5.01 ML Plan Karawa (Te) Bay of Islands 29 October 1887? NIB 1881-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 76 0 0 ML Plan / MLCMBI Karetu Bay of Islands 20 October 1899 1899 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,900 0 0 3,900.00 ML Plan Karewa Hokianga 7 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 45 0 0 45.00 ML Plan Karu (Te) Bay of Islands 19 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 417 0 0 417.00 ML Plan Karuhiruhi Hokianga 3 July 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 5,280 0 0 5,280.00 ML Plan Katikati Whangaroa 26 March 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 181 0 0 181.00 ML Plan Kauaeoruruwahine (Te) Hokianga 1 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 9,281 1 55 9,281.59 ML Plan Kauaeranga Whangarei 5 July 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,672 0 0 3,672.00 ML Plan Kauhoehoe Hokianga 16 February 1883? 1883 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Kaungarapa Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 130 0 0 130.00 ML Plan Kauri (Te) [ML 3065] Hokianga 20 August 1874 1874 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 17 2 20 17.63 ML Plan Kauri (Te) [ML 3643] Bay of Islands 16 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 180 0 0 180.00 ML Plan Kauri (Te) [ML 381] Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 115 0 0 115.00 ML Plan Kaurinui Bay of Islands 5 May 1898 1898 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,280 1 14 3,280.34 ML Plan Kauriputete Whangaroa 14 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,706 0 0 2,706.00 ML Plan Kauriroa Hokianga 1 November 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 638 0 0 638.00 ML Plan Kawa Mahurangi 23 May 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,083 0 0 1,083.00 ML Plan Kawakawa (Te) Hokianga 10 October 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 109 3 20 109.88 ML Plan Kawakawa sections Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Keatekahu Bay of Islands 7 February 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 39 0 0 39.00 ML Plan Kerewhenua Bay of Islands 1 July 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 44 0 0 44.00 ML Plan Ketenikau Whangarei 24 August 1949 1949 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 272 0 0 272.00 ML Plan

294 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio

ML 4483 ML 3319 ML 1109 107 0 0 107.00 101 - 200 Te Aputahi & 3 others 4 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/126 ML 3717 5000 ML 2057 244 0 0 244.00 201-300 Mohi Kaingaroa 1 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/16 ML 1580 506 0 0 506.00 501-1,000 Natanahira Te Pona 1 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/113 ML 12657 ML 567 6,722 0 0 6,722.00 More than 5,000 Renata Manihera Te Tatau & Te Koroneho 2 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/28 ML 3644 ML 428 265 0 0 265.00 201-300 Heta Te Haara & 5 others 6 3 9 1867 W5274/126 51A/38 ML 10546 27 0 0 27.00 100 or less Heperi Whakaoma 1 15 5 1877 W5274/170 95/181 ML 4432 ML 173 ML 1163 10 0 0 10.00 100 or less Tamati Pukututu 1 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/116 ML 521 7 0 0 7.00 100 or less Wiremu Hongi Te Ripi 1 1 1 1870 W5274/143 68A/248 ML 598 491 0 0 491.00 401-500 Poihipi Hikitene & 3 others 4 1 1 1870 W5274/143 68A/250 ML 171 6 0 0 6.00 100 or less Hemi Tautari 'of the Bay of Islands' 1 17 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/53 ML 11729 ML 429 492 0 0 492.00 401-500 Pene Taui & 7 others 8 19 8 1867 W5274/124 49A/120

ML 180 76 0 0 76.00 100 or less Henare Tiri & 3 others 4 17 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/54 ML 2482 10 3 10 10.81 100 or less Te Tai Papahia 1 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/158 ML 2653 11 0 25 11.16 100 or less Catherine, Eliza, Ada & Enoch Davis 4 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/129 ML 282 11,710 0 0 11,710.00 More than 5,000 Komene Matiu & 3 others 4 22 10 1867 W5274/127 52A/170 ML 293 13 0 0 13.00 100 or less Wi & Hamiora Hau & 6 others 8 3 9 1867 W5274/126 51A/37 ML 6710 ML 4859 ML 6042 ML 6708 ML 162 45 0 0 45.00 100 or less Rapana Te Waha & Rihari Raumati 2 17 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/60 ML 3280 ML 202 5,280 0 0 5,280.00 More than 5,000 Makarena Te Waharoa & Rawiri Te Tahua 2 7 9 1866 W5274/109 34A/129 ML 1578 181 0 0 181.00 101 - 200 Tupe, Papu & Taniora 3 7 9 1866 W5274/109 80A/101 ML 3230 ML 3672

ML 10796 ML 3065 17 2 20 17.63 100 or less Edward Boyce 1 12 1 1875 W5274/168 93A/93 ML 3643 ML 381 ML 5919 ML 3185 ML 385 638 0 0 638.00 501-1,000 Tamati Waka Nene 1 15 3 1867 W5274/113 38A/229 ML 11015 ML 2029 109 3 20 109.88 101 - 200 Te Whiu & 3 others 4 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/204

ML 860 39 0 0 39.00 100 or less Wi Kaitara & Wi Tangatapu 2 14 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/168 ML 769 44 0 0 44.00 100 or less Haki Taipa 1 23 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/242 ML 29 272 0 0 272.00 201-300 (1) Te Puia; (2) Henry Walton 1 (1) 31A/188; (2) 31A/190

295 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source Ketetangariki Bay of Islands 27 January 1880 1880 1875-1880 1,600 0 0 1,600.00 NLC CT Kioreroa Whangarei 20 September 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,891 0 0 3,891.00 ML Plan Kiri Kiri No. 1 Whangarei 21 August 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1 2 5 1.53 ML Plan Kiri Kiri No. 2 Whangarei 21 August 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1 0 0 1.00 NLC CT Kiri Kiri No. 3 Whangarei 21 August 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4 0 0 4.00 NLC CT Kiri Kiri No. 4 Whangarei 21 August 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4 0 0 4.00 NLC CT Kiri Kiri No. 5 Whangarei 21 August 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 17 0 0 17.00 NLC CT Kiri Kiri No. 6 Whangarei 17 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4 0 0 4.00 NLC CT Kiri Kiri No. 6A Whangarei 17 March 1866 NIB 1865-1874 MLCMBI Unknown Kirikiri-Pawhaoa Bay of Islands 9 April 1901 1901 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 461 2 32 461.70 ML Plan Kiripaka (Te) Whangaroa 5 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4 2 29 4.68 ML Plan Kiripaka (Te) Whangarei 29 August 1891 1891 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 998 0 0 998.00 ML Plan Ko Ngaho [Ngaho?? - check Berghan] Hokianga 9 February 1871 1871 1865-1874 127 0 0 127.00 NLC CT Koare (Te) Whangarei 16 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 35 0 0 35.00 ML Plan Kohatuotehaua Bay of Islands 7 December 1926 1926 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 187 0 0 187.00 ML Plan Kohatutaka Hokianga 18 May 1909 NIB 1900-1920 MLCMBI 13,717 0 0 MLCMBI Kohatutatangi Hokianga 31 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1 3 11 1.82 ML Plan Kohatuwhawha Whangarei 13 February 1913 1913 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 440 0 0 440.00 ML Plan

Kohekohe Bay of Islands 1 April 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 18 0 0 18.00 ML Plan Kohekohe No. 2 29 April 1869 1869 1865-1874 238 0 0 238.00 NLC CT Kohewhata Bay of Islands 15 August 1906 1906 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,040 0 0 2,040.00 ML Plan Kohinui Whangarei 5 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 54 0 0 54.00 ML Plan Kohoao (Te) Whangarei 4 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 170 0 0 170.00 ML Plan Koihanga Bay of Islands 18 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 27 3 0 27.75 ML Plan Kokinga (Te) Bay of Islands 23 February 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 30 1 0 30.25 ML Plan Kokohuia Hokianga 3 September 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 522 0 0 522.00 ML Plan Komakorataiao Hokianga 26 June 1871 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 7 0 0 7.00 ML Plan Komiti (Te) Bay of Islands 1 February 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 170 0 0 170.00 ML Plan Komiti (Te) Hokianga 2 July 1866 1866 1865-1874 74 2 0 74.50 NLC CT Kopenui Whangarei 17 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 95 0 0 95.00 ML Plan Kopipi Whangarei 1 September 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 260 0 0 260.00 ML Plan Kopuakawau Bay of Islands 7 April 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 0 2 25 0.66 ML Plan Kopuatoetoe Whangarei 31 May 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,396 1 2 3,396.26 ML Plan Kopuawaiwaha Whangarei 27 March 1865? 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,588 0 0 1,588.00 ML Plan Kopuniongaho Whangarei 14 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 257 0 0 257.00 ML Plan Korakanui Hokianga 11 April 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 0 3 14 NLC CT Koropana (Te) Whangarei 15 September 1871 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4 0 0 4.00 ML Plan Korotangi (Te) Mahurangi 29 January 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 17 0 0 17.00 ML Plan Koroto (Te) Mahurangi 3 May 1869 1869 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 23 0 0 23.00 ML Plan Kotaiha Whangarei 27 November 1865 1865 1865-1874 88 0 0 88.00 ML Plan Kotuku Bay of Islands 11 March 1908 1908 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,174 0 0 1,174.00 ML Plan Koutumongeao (aka Koutu Mangeru) Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 209 0 0 209.00 ML Plan Kowhai Bay of Islands 3 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 73 0 0 73.00 ML Plan Kowhatuhuri Bay of Islands 1 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 53 0 0 53.00 ML Plan Kumi (Te) Whangarei 4 September 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 112 0 0 112.00 ML Plan Kura (Te) Hokianga 10 November 1921 1921 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1 3 21 1.88 ML Plan Kuranui Bay of Islands 3 April 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 5 0 0 5.00 ML Plan Kura-o-te-Rangi (Te) Hokianga 7 November 1933 1933 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3 2 30 3.69 ML Plan Kuwaru Whangaroa 27 October 1869 1869 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 49 0 0 49.00 NLC CT Mahimahi Whangaroa 6 October 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,750 0 0 1,750.00 ML Plan Mahinepua Whangaroa 7 March 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 642 0 0 642.00 ML Plan

296 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio 3365 ML 3494 ML 46 17 0 0 17.00 100 or less Tirarau 1 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/157 238 1 0 0 1.00 100 or less Tirarau 1 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/173 239 4 0 0 4.00 100 or less Tirarau, Renata Titone & Parawhau 3 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/163 240 4 0 0 4.00 100 or less Tirarau 1 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/168 241 1 2 5 1.53 100 or less Tirarau 1 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/178 218 4 0 0 4.00 100 or less Tirarau 1 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/45 0 1 17 0.36 100 or less Renata Manihera 'of Wharowharo' 1 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/41 ML 6655 ML 3385 ML 6109 389 127 0 0 127.00 101 - 200 Jane Clendon 1 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 87A/29 ML 23 35 0 0 35.00 100 or less Taurau 1 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/40 ML 8009

ML 3220 ML 8104

ML 1169 18 0 0 18.00 100 or less Te Hemara Kahukoti & Werekake Pohakena 2 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/115 4960 238 0 0 238.00 201-300 Parone Te Awha 1 18 12 1869 W5274/143 68A/82 ML 7345-2 ML 698 54 0 0 54.00 100 or less Horomona Kakou 1 18 12 1869 W5274/143 68A/28 ML 703 170 0 0 170.00 101 - 200 Ngarino & Riripeti Pohi 2 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/246 ML 2056 27 3 0 27.75 100 or less Paratene Te Manu & Reupena Puni 2 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/15 ML 8418-1 ML 2779 ML 2020 ML 878 170 0 0 170.00 101 - 200 Ani Taiuru 1 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/118 366 74 2 0 74.50 100 or less Penetana Papahurihia 1 7 9 1866 W5274/109 34A/130 ML 353 ML 289 260 0 0 260.00 201-300 Mohi Te Peke, Kereama & 6 others 8 13 9 1866 W5274/109 34A/242 ML 9717 ML 4332 ML 34 ML 392 ML 96 / CT 327 ML 701 4 0 0 4.00 100 or less Horomona Kaikou 1 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/23 ML 88 ML 1455 23 0 0 23.00 100 or less Te Hemara Tauhia 1 18 12 1869 W5274/143 68A/98 ML 36 85 0 0 85.00 100 or less Aterea Te Arahi & Perepe Nihi 2 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/174 ML 7269 ML 3430 ML 285 73 0 0 73.00 100 or less Hemi Te Tautari & 2 others 3 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/137 ML 340 ML 268 112 0 0 112.00 101 - 200 Tirarau 1 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/196 ML 3428 ML 172 5 0 0 5.00 100 or less Tamati & Makareta Whatonga 2 29 9 1866 W5274/110 35A/2 ML 2485 ML 722 / CT 1065 49 0 0 49.00 100 or less Wiremu Pahi 1 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/240 ML 6799 ML 419 659 0 0 659.00 501-1,000 Tame Tamehora & 5 others 5 15 7 1867 W5274/122 47A/132

297 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source Mai (Te) Whangarei 14 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 15 0 0 15.00 NLC CT Mai (Te) No. 2 Whangarei 15 September 1871 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 15 0 0 15.00 ML Plan Maika (Te) Whangarei 26 August 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 486 2 37 486.73 ML Plan Maire (Te) Bay of Islands 24 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 23 0 0 23.00 ML Plan Maketawa Whangarei 19 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 140 0 0 140.00 ML Plan Makomako Whangaroa 24 March 1914 1914 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 19 0 32 19.20 ML Plan Mamaku (Te) (shared) Bay of Islands 10 December 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 122 0 0 122.00 ML Plan Mamaku (Te) (shared) Bay of Islands 10 December 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 122 0 0 122.00 ML Plan 10 December 1885 (Manawakore 1), 21 Manawakore Nos.1 & 2 Hokianga May 1917 (Manawakore 2) 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 15 2 0 15.50 ML Plan Manewhenua Bay of Islands 22 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Mangahoutoa 21 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 295 0 0 NLC CT Mangahui Whangarei 26 August 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,653 0 0 1,653.00 ML Plan Mangaiti No. 1 Whangaroa 3 January 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 60 0 0 60.00 ML Plan Mangaiti No. 2 Whangaroa 3 January 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 17 0 0 17.00 ML Plan Mangaiti No. 3 Whangaroa 3 January 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 9 0 14 9.09 ML Plan Mangakahia No. 2 Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 13,987 0 0 13,987.00 ML Plan Mangakakahi Whangarei 10 November 1898 1898 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 367 0 0 367.00 ML Plan Mangakaramua Bay of Islands 2 November 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 36 0 0 36.00 ML Plan Mangakino Hokianga 1 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 752 0 0 752.00 ML Plan Mangakirikiri Whangarei 2 February 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,000 0 0 1,000.00 ML Plan Mangakowhara Whangarei 17 June 1914 1914 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 9,980 0 0 9,980.00 ML Plan Mangamaru Hokianga 9 November 1887 1887 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,327 2 0 1,327.50 ML Plan Mangamuka East Whangaroa 27 November 1889 1889 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 6,840 0 0 6,840.00 ML Plan Mangamuka West Hokianga 15 August 1904 1904 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 327 2 0 327.50 ML Plan Manganuiowae Hokianga 25 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 7,520 0 0 7,520.00 ML Plan Mangaparuparu Bay of Islands 3 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 27 0 0 27.00 ML Plan Mangapukahukahu Whangaroa 5 February 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,360 0 0 1,360.00 ML Plan

Mangapupu Hokianga 1 January 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 890 0 0 890.00 ML Plan Mangareporepo Bay of Islands 4 July 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 27 0 0 27.00 ML Plan Mangaroa Whangarei 14 May 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,900 0 0 1,900.00 ML Plan Mangataipa Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown

Mangataraire Bay of Islands 19 October 1869 NIB 1865-1874 MLCMBI 200 0 0 MLCMBI Mangataraire [ML 248] Bay of Islands 23 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 115 0 0 115.00 ML Plan Mangataraire [ML 3383] Bay of Islands 9 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,730 0 0 2,730.00 ML Plan Mangatawai Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown 748 0 0 748.00 ML Plan 5 April 1882 (Mangatawai 1), 25 October Mangatawai 1 and 2 Bay of Islands 1887 (Mangatawai 2) 1882 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 735 0 0 735.00 ML Plan Mangatawhiri No. 1 Mahurangi 27 April 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,957 0 0 1,957.00 ML Plan Mangatawhiri No. 2 Mahurangi 27 April 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,435 0 0 1,435.00 ML Plan Mangatawhiri No. 3 Mahurangi 27 April 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 230 0 0 230.00 ML Plan 16 April 1876 (Mangatete), 19 April 1876 Mangatete Bay of Islands (Mangatete - school site) 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 73 2 21 73.63 ML Plan Mangawhati Whangarei 16 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 944 0 0 944.00 ML Plan Mangawhero Hokianga 1 January 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,402 0 0 1,402.00 ML Plan Mania (Te) Bay of Islands 1 July 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 100 0 0 100.00 ML Plan Manono Mahurangi 23 May 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Manowhenua (Te) Bay of Islands 22 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 276 0 0 276.00 ML Plan Manukarere Bay of Islands 18 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 21 0 0 21.00 NLC CT

298 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio 271 15 0 0 15.00 100 or less Taurau Kukupa 1 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/245 ML 945 3 0 0 3.00 100 or less Taurau Kukupa & Te Ngunguhaeaua 2 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/16 ML 4106 ML 3644 ML 3546 ML 8862 ML 293 122 0 0 122.00 101 - 200 Wi & Hamiora Hau & 5 others 7 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/139 ML 293 122 0 0 122.00 101 - 200 Wi & Hamiora Hau & 6 others 8 3 9 1867 W5274/126 51A/36

ML 3071

1040 295 0 0 295.00 201-300 Pororua Wharekauri, H Kiwa & P P Ururoa 3 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/148 ML 4432 ML 2320 52 0 0 52.00 100 or less Arama Whakapeka & 3 others 4 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/246 ML 2321 16 3 20 16.88 100 or less Henare & Riripeti Kingi 2 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/247 ML 2322 9 2 12 9.58 100 or less Hetaraka Whakapeka & 2 others 3 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/248 ML 6571-B ML 155 367 0 0 367.00 301-400 Tirarau 1 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/198 ML 238 36 0 0 36.00 100 or less Wi Waka Turau 1 15 3 1867 W5274/113 38A/225 ML 3265 ML 3289 ML 7600 ML 4659 ML 3608-B ML 6700 ML 3264 ML 286 27 0 0 27.00 100 or less Tutere Kotahi 1 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/138 ML 4203

ML 1063 890 0 0 890.00 501-1,000 Te Makarini Te Wewehi, A K Hinaki & 8 others 10 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/21 ML 941 27 0 0 27.00 100 or less Hera Kopeka & Miriana Mahore 2 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/9 ML 4310-A 7 3 0 7.75 100 or less Taipita Apoapo & Maka Mahunora 2 15 5 1877 W5274/170 95/180 Pororua Wharekauri, Hohepa Kiwa, Pone Te 200 0 0 200.00 101 - 200 Kanohi & Karena Hohepa 4 9 5 1870 W5274/148 73A/188 ML 248 115 0 0 115.00 101 - 200 Te Kooti Tuwharerangi & 2 others 3 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/206 ML 3383 ML 4807-A

4807B ML 2215 1,957 0 0 1,957.00 1,001-2,000 A K Hoututu & 7 others 8 17 12 1873 W5274/165 90A/25 ML 2215 1,435 0 0 1,435.00 1,001-2,000 Te Hemara & 7 others 8 17 12 1873 W5274/165 90A/27 ML 2215 230 0 0 230.00 201-300 Ruka Taiaho, Wi Patene & Te Kiri 3 17 12 1873 W5274/165 90A/26

ML 3095 ML 35 944 0 0 944.00 501-1,000 Reweti Maketu & Te Korehu 2 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/47 ML 1064 1,402 0 0 1,402.00 1,001-2,000 Wi Titore, Rewiri Potahi & 3 others 5 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/19 ML 710 100 0 0 100.00 100 or less Heta Te Haara & 2 others 3 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/1

ML 177 276 0 0 276.00 201-300 Haki Taipa, Wi Kaire & Te Kanawa 3 17 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/59 ML 2314 / CT 852 21 0 0 21.00 100 or less Wi Te Tatua, Piripi Poti & 5 others 7 8 2 1873 W5274/162 87A/131

299 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source

Manukau Bay of Islands 3 August 1868 1968 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 263 0 0 263.00 ML Plan Manunu Hokianga 3 April 1889 1889 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 9 0 0 9.00 ML Plan Manuoha Hokianga 5 July 1929 1929 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 384 0 23 384.14 ML Plan Manurewa Bay of Islands 15 February 1883 1883 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 20 1 32 20.45 ML Plan Mapuna Whangarei 27 June 1885 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 157 0 32 157.20 ML Plan Maramatautini Bay of Islands 1 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 92 0 0 92.00 ML Plan Mareikura Whangarei 20 February 1889 1889 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4,569 0 0 4,569.00 ML Plan Marino No. 1 Bay of Islands 3 December 1869 1869 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4 2 18 4.61 ML Plan Marino No. 2 Bay of Islands 2 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 27 0 30 27.19 ML Plan Maromaku Whangarei 6 February 1882 1882 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4,428 0 0 4,428.00 ML Plan Maroparea Hokianga 1 May 1911 1911 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 8 3 0 8.75 ML Plan Maroro (Te) Bay of Islands 2 February 1869 1869 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 13 0 0 13.00 ML Plan Maruarua No.2 Whangarei 8 July 1893 1893 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 82 3 0 82.75 ML Plan Maruata Whangarei 4 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 560 0 0 560.00 ML Plan Marumaru Whangarei 25 March 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 400 0 0 400.00 ML Plan

Marutoia Whangaroa 26 March 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 13 0 0 13.00 ML Plan Marutuna Bay of Islands 26 August 1893 1893 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 12 0 33 12.21 ML Plan Mata (Te) 2 August 1873 1873 1865-1874 Unknown Matai Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan Matairiri No.1 Bay of Islands 2 August 1873 1873 1865-1874 17 0 0 17.00 NLC CT Matairiri No.2 Bay of Islands 2 August 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 17 0 0 17.00 ML Plan Matakaraka Whangarei 19 July 1915 1915 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 396 0 0 396.00 ML Plan Matakohe Whangarei 9 March 1865 1865 1865-1874 93 0 0 NLC CT Matangirau Whangaroa Unknown Unknown Unknown 190 0 0 190.00 ML Plan Matapaia Bay of Islands 4 December 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 208 0 0 208.00 ML Plan

Matapouri Whangarei 19 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 124 0 0 124.00 ML Plan Matarau Whangarei 16 April 1912 1912 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 300 0 0 300.00 ML Plan Mataraua Whangarei 30 June 1909 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4,880 0 0 4,880.00 ML Plan Matataiki No.s 1 & 2 Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown 29 3 0 29.75 ML Plan Matauri Whangaroa 20 October 1909 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,167 2 29 2,167.68 ML Plan Matawaia Bay of Islands 12 March 1908 1908 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 89 2 31 89.69 ML Plan Matihetihe Hokianga 23 June 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,510 0 0 1,510.00 ML Plan Matuku Hokianga 23 June 1868 1868 1865-1874 54 0 0 54.00 ML Plan

Mauiui (aka Mauwiwi) Hokianga 23 June 1868 1868 1865-1874 6 1 16 6.35 ML Plan Maungakaramea No. 2 Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown 370 0 0 370.00 ML Plan Maungakawakawa [ML 8799] Bay of Islands 21 July 1909 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Maungakawakawa [ML 951] Bay of Islands 25 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 417 0 0 417.00 ML Plan Maunganui No.1 Bay of Islands 22 August 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 770 3 11 770.82 ML Plan Maunganui No.2 Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown 1,022 1 24 1,022.40 ML Plan Maungapohatu Whangarei 29 August 1906 1906 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Maungarei Whangarei 6 February 1882 1882 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 640 0 0 640.00 ML Plan Maungaroa Hokianga 8 December 1885 NIB 1881-1889 MLCMBI 100 0 0 ML Plan / MLCMBI Maungaru Whangarei 5 September 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 21,319 0 0 21,319.00 ML Plan Maungatauhoro Mahurangi 26 January 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 70 0 0 70.00 ML Plan Maungataururu Bay of Islands 4 December 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 51 0 0 51.00 ML Plan Maungatawhiri 26 April 1866 1866 1865-1874 5,397 0 0 5,397.00 NLC CT Maungaturoto Bay of Islands 1 April 1909 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,220 0 0 1,220.00 ML Plan Maunu Whangarei 19 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,454 0 0 3,454.00 ML Plan

300 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio Edward, Samuel, Henry, Fred, Alfred & Arthur ML 719 263 0 0 263.00 201-300 Stephenson 5 13 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/205 ML 2512 ML 12797 ML 4410 ML 4939 ML 341 92 0 0 92.00 100 or less Karena Te Puhi & 5 others 6 3 9 1867 W5274/126 51A/34 ML 6187 ML 1049 4 2 18 4.61 100 or less Wi Hongi Te Ripi 1 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/128 ML 3198 ML 4483 ML 7752 ML 297 13 0 0 13.00 100 or less Tamati Pukututu 1 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/129 ML 6392 ML 704 560 0 0 560.00 501-1,000 Rewi Taikawa & 7 others 8 23 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/247 ML 3209

ML 1579 11 2 20 11.63 100 or less Paora Ururoa, Hare Hongi & Hohepa Te Taha 3 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/119 ML 6404 975 0 0 975.00 501-1,000 Rata Pou 1 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/242 ML 7933 830 17 0 0 17.00 100 or less Maihi Paraone Kawhiti 1 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/145 ML 2751 ML 6695 198 93 0 0 93.00 100 or less Henry Walton 1 23 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/189 ML 4143 ML 275 208 0 0 208.00 201-300 Himi Marupo & Hori Pou 2 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/155 H. Wehiwehi, P.Te Manu, Eru Tawhatiwhati & 5 ML 2323 124 0 0 124.00 101 - 200 ors 8 15 11 1872 W5274/162 87A/76 ML 7660 ML 8144 ML 7933 ML 6800 ML 7756 ML 9187 ML 859

ML 887 6 1 16 6.35 100 or less Arama Karaka Te Hinaki & Aperahama Taiki 2 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/14 ML 6340

ML 951 ML 8418-2 ML 8418-2

ML 5234 ML 1805-A ML 311 21,319 0 0 21,319.00 More than 5,000 Paikia Te Hekeua 1 29 8 1870 W5274/150 75A/9 ML 83 ML 949 51 0 0 51.00 100 or less Hakiaha, Wi Katene & 2 others 4 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/111 4887 5,397 0 0 5,397.00 More than 5,000 Hone Waiti Hikitanga & 3 others 4 17 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/57 ML 6589 ML 3743-1

301 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source Mautakirua Bay of Islands 23 March 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 27 0 0 27.00 ML Plan Mimirohia Bay of Islands 2 September 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 346 0 0 346.00 ML Plan Mimitu Ruarei Whangarei 29 January 1914 1914 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 5,030 0 0 5,030.00 ML Plan Moetangi Hokianga 9 February 1871 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 534 3 0 534.75 ML Plan Mohinui Bay of Islands 3 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,941 0 0 1,941.00 ML Plan Mokau No.2 Bay of Islands 26 November 1878 1878 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 451 0 0 451.00 ML Plan Moke (Te) Bay of Islands 2 September 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 304 0 0 304.00 ML Plan Mopi (Te) Hokianga 29 November 1866 1866 1865-1874 6 0 0 6.00 ML Plan Morakerake Bay of Islands 3 December 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 30 3 37 30.98 ML Plan Motairehe Mahurangi Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Motatau No.1 Whangarei 2 March 1906 1906 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Motatau No.2 Whangarei 21 September 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Motatau No.3 Bay of Islands 11 August 1909 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Motatau No.4 Bay of Islands 24 August 1909 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Motatau No.5 Bay of Islands 2 August 1909 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Motuhanga Whangaroa Unknown Unknown Unknown 15 0 0 15.00 ML Plan Motukaraka East Hokianga 29 March 1889 1889 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,500 0 0 1,500.00 ML Plan Motukaraka West Hokianga 22 October 1897 1897 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,450 0 0 2,450.00 ML Plan Motukaroro Whangarei 6 February 1882 1882 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1 0 13 1.08 ML Plan Motukauri Bay of Islands 3 April 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 15 0 0 15.00 ML Plan Motukawaiti Whangaroa 26 October 1909 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 93 2 32 93.70 ML Plan Motukawanui Whangaroa 27 April 1912 1912 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 780 0 0 780.00 ML Plan Motukehua Bay of Islands 20 September 1897 1897 1890-1899 15 0 0 15.00 ML Plan Motukiore Hokianga 20 September 1897 1897 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,666 0 0 2,666.00 ML Plan Motukiwi Whangarei 8 March 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 11 2 0 11.50 ML Plan Motukura Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Motungangara Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown 3 3 30 3.94 ML Plan Motuotawa Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Motuparapara Whangarei 17 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 186 0 0 NLC CT Moturahurahu Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown 7 0 0 7.00 ML Plan Moturua Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown 374 0 0 374.00 ML Plan Motutaiko Mahurangi Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Motutere Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown 3 3 0 3.75 ML Plan Motuti Hokianga 17 November 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 158 0 0 158.00 ML Plan Naturahi Bay of Islands 2 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 11 0 0 11.00 ML Plan Nehu (Te) Hokianga 18 March 1882 1882 1880-1889 3 2 0 3.50 ML Plan Ngaere (Te) Mahurangi 20 February 1871 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 330 0 0 330.00 ML Plan Ngaho (Ko) Hokianga 10 October 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 127 0 0 127.00 ML Plan Ngahuha Bay of Islands 22 August 1867 1867 1865-1874 1,259 0 0 1,259.00 ML Plan Ngako (Te) No. 1 Bay of Islands 11 October 1873 1873 1865-1874 72 0 0 72.00 ML Plan Ngako (Te) No. 2 Bay of Islands 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 104 0 0 104.00 NLC CT Ngamahanga [ML 4321] Bay of Islands 24 June 1893 1893 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 64 0 0 64.00 ML Plan Ngamahanga [ML 6209] Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown 27 3 28 27.93 ML Plan Ngamahanga [ML 864] Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown 49 0 0 49.00 ML Plan Ngamahanga Pakaraka Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown 29 1 14 29.34 ML Plan

18 September 1871 (Ngamokotuaitara 1), Ngamakotuaitara 1 and 2 Whangarei 26 November 1873 (Ngamokotuaitara 2) 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Ngamakotuaitara No. 1 Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown 27 0 0 27.00 ML Plan Ngamokooneone Bay of Islands 9 February 1871 1871 1865-1874 137 0 0 137.00 ML Plan Ngamutu Whangarei 19 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 140 1 29 140.43 ML Plan Ngaohe (Te) Bay of Islands 18 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 7 2 0 7.50 ML Plan

302 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio ML 7299 ML 517 346 0 0 346.00 301-400 Poihipi Hikitene & Pekamu Titari 2 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/27 ML 8782 ML 2019 ML 394 1,908 0 0 1,908.00 1,001-2,000 Hemi Tautari & 5 others 6 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/158 ML 186 481 0 0 481.00 401-500 Te Kooti Tuwharerangi, Te Ara & 2 others 4 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/203 ML 595 302 0 0 302.00 301-400 Koniria Hurakuri & 3 others 4 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/22 ML 203 6 0 0 6.00 100 or less Wi Rema & Makarena Te Waharoa 2 15 3 1867 W5274/113 38A/228 ML 246 30 3 37 30.98 100 or less Eru Takahi & 5 other 6 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/152

ML 3190 ML 6014 ML 6014 ML 5130 ML 188 15 0 0 15.00 100 or less Mohi Paka 1 29 9 1866 W5274/110 35A/1 ML 8509 ML 7272 ML 12739 ML 7177 ML 27 11 2 0 11.50 100 or less Tirarau 1 2 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/138

ML 14485 2 1 11 2.32 100 or less Tirarau 1 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/172 280 186 0 0 186.00 101 - 200 Pirika Te Herehere & Turuhira Rio 2 18 12 1869 W5274/143 68A/30 ML 13905 ML 6670

ML 13935 ML 3646 ML 185 11 0 0 11.00 100 or less T & M Whatonga 2 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/133 ML 2505 ML 1947 ML 2022 ML 181 1,259 0 0 1,259.00 1,001-2,000 Maihi Paraone Kawiti & Haratua 2 17 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/55 ML 2689 72 0 0 72.00 100 or less Mihaka Pehiriri, Wi Katene & 2 others 4 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/140 ML 2689 / CT 831 104 0 0 104.00 101 - 200 Henare Tiri, Ngapana and 3 others 5 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/144 ML 4321 ML 6209 ML 864 49 0 0 49.00 100 or less Sarah White 1 18 12 1869 W5274/143 68A/33 ML 12661

27 0 0 27.00 100 or less Tipene Hari & Hone Puriri 2 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/22 ML 2335 5 3 34 5.96 100 or less Tipene Hari & 7 others 8 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/169 ML 210 137 0 0 137.00 101 - 200 Nikora Mokohare & 3 others 4 23 11 1871 W5274/158 82A/153 ML 3547 ML 3414

303 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source Ngapipito Bay of Islands 6 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 895 0 0 895.00 ML Plan Ngapuku Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown

Ngarangipakura Whangarei 14 March 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 309 0 0 309.00 ML Plan Ngararatunua A-D Whangarei 13 May 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 14 3 25 14.91 ML Plan Ngararatunua No. 2 Whangarei 4 June 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Ngaropa Bay of Islands 8 August 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 6 0 0 6.00 ML Plan Ngatahuna 1 Whangarei 24 January 1870 1870 1865-1874 882 0 0 882.00 ML Plan Ngatapapa 2 Whangarei 1 December 1894 1894 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 80 0 0 80.00 ML Plan

Ngateri Bay of Islands 2 February 1869 1869 1865-1874 13 0 0 13.00 ML Plan Ngatokaturua Bay of Islands 2 July 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 58 0 0 58.00 ML Plan Ngatuaka Hokianga 2 November 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,762 0 0 1,762.00 ML Plan Ngaturitahau Bay of Islands 24 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 70 0 0 70.00 ML Plan Ngawhakaparapara Whangarei 14 September 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 8 0 0 8.00 ML Plan Ngawhakarikiriki Whangarei 7 May 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 143 0 0 143.00 ML Plan Ngawhakatikitu Whangarei 3 February 1882 1882 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 92 2 0 92.50 ML Plan Ngawhitu Bay of Islands 4 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,903 0 0 1,903.00 ML Plan Nimaru Mahurangi 23 May 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 502 2 0 502.50 ML Plan Ninihi Bay of Islands 9 November 1887 1887 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 303 2 0 303.50 ML Plan Nokenoke Mahurangi 25 January 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 38 0 0 38.00 ML Plan Nukutawhiti Whangarei 15 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 12,168 0 0 12,168.00 ML Plan Oakura Bay of Islands 20 October 1909 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,316 0 0 1,316.00 ML Plan Ohakiri Whangaroa 6 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 43 0 0 43.00 ML Plan Oharotu Hokianga 3 September 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 10 2 0 10.50 ML Plan Ohauhau Whangaroa 10 January 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 10 3 30 10.94 ML Plan Ohauroro Whangaroa 10 February 1953 1953 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown

Ohawini Bay of Islands 22 November 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 83 3 0 83.75 ML Plan Ohinemuri No. 1 Bay of Islands 12 January 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 0 3 31 0.94 ML Plan Ohinemuri No. 3 Bay of Islands 19 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2 0 0 2.00 ML Plan Ohineturere Hokianga 23 January 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 54 0 0 54.00 ML Plan Ohineuru Bay of Islands 20 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 24 0 0 24.00 ML Plan Ohirua Whangarei 5 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2 3 9 2.81 ML Plan

Ohuangaro Bay of Islands 7 January 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 21 0 0 21.00 ML Plan Ohuangaro No. 2 Bay of Islands 17 July 1875 1875 1875-1880 5 0 0 5.00 NLC CT Ohuirua 2 Whangarei 3 February 1882 1882 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3 2 37 3.73 ML Plan Oikura Bay of Islands 3 March 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,106 0 0 2,106.00 ML Plan Oio Whangaroa 2 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 23 3 0 23.75 ML Plan Okahu [ML 86] Mahurangi 26 January 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,408 0 0 2,408.00 ML Plan Okahu [ML 9706] Bay of Islands 3 February 1898 1898 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 52 3 20 52.88 ML Plan Okaka Bay of Islands 2 March 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 900 0 0 900.00 ML Plan Okaroro Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,698 3 17 2,698.86 ML Plan Okauru Bay of Islands 2 September 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 106 0 0 106.00 ML Plan Okokako [ML 10767] Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 90 0 0 90.00 ML Plan Okokako [ML 453] Bay of Islands 3 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 64 0 0 64.00 ML Plan Okopako Hokianga 10 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 330 0 0 330.00 ML Plan Okorihi Hokianga 2 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 931 2 0 931.50 ML Plan Okura No.2 Whangaroa 5 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 491 0 0 491.00 ML Plan Okuratope Bay of Islands 20 November 1903 1903 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 74 0 0 74.00 ML Plan Omahuta Whangaroa 9 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown

304 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio ML 3171

Te Puia, Hirawani, Mohi Te Peke, Haki ML 28 309 0 0 309.00 301-400 Whangawahanga & 4 ors 8 15 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/182 ML 3934-A

ML 2405 6 0 0 6.00 100 or less Honetana Te Kero 1 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/121 ML 529 ML 6545

ML 1167 13 0 0 13.00 100 or less Hopa, Puhipi Hikitene, Wi Te Teete & 2 ors 5 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/127 ML 870 58 0 0 58.00 100 or less Ngae Te Haora & Takauwau 2 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/12 ML 866 1,762 0 0 1,762.00 1,001-2,000 Taonui, Te Toko, Ti Papahia & 7 others 10 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/18 ML 713-A ML 3589 ML 4319 ML 4335 ML 228 1,903 0 0 1,903.00 1,001-2,000 Haki Taipa & 3 others 4 19 8 1867 W5274/124 49A/122 ML 11015_1 ML 4629 ML 69 ML 281 ML 8159 ML 3217 ML 2778 10 2 0 10.50 100 or less Tio 1 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/243 ML 112

Hori Wehiwehi, H.Tawatawa & Mihaka Te ML 2055 83 3 0 83.75 100 or less Wharaupo 3 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/154 ML 2222 0 3 31 0.94 100 or less Wi. Paki Ututaonga 1 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/17 ML 2319 2 0 0 2.00 100 or less Te Waiti Te Iwitutu 1 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/18 ML 3679 ML 2221 24 0 0 24.00 100 or less Eruera & Mihi Maki 2 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/19 ML 4095 67 0 0 67.00 100 or less Te Toko 1 18 12 1869 W5274/143 68A/27a

ML 3166 16 0 0 16.00 100 or less Hawira Rae, Te Kerenepu Te Awa & 4 others 6 14 12 1875 W5274/169 94/3 460 5 0 0 5.00 100 or less Patu Tapia 1 14 12 1875 W5274/169 94/4 ML 4933 ML 3175 ML 2194 23 3 0 23.75 100 or less Wiremu Te Pahi 1 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/6 ML 86 2,408 0 0 2,408.00 2,001-3,000 Te Hemara Tauhia & Henare Te Rawhiti 2 9 8 1872 W5274/161 86A/61 ML 9706 ML 3177 ML 14782 ML 592 106 0 0 106.00 101 - 200 Marara Kuku 1 31 8 1868 W5274/133 58A/234 ML 10767 ML 453 64 0 0 64.00 100 or less Wi Katene, Wirikake & Maketu Ruhe 3 8 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/216 ML 3257 ML 3216 ML 3467A ML 8240

305 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source Omaikao Whangarei 20 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4,744 0 0 4,744.00 ML Plan Omanene Whangarei 6 July 1877 1877 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 290 0 0 290.00 ML Plan Omanu Bay of Islands 13 December 1892 1892 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 104 0 0 104.00 ML Plan Omanuhiri Bay of Islands 18 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1 3 0 1.75 ML Plan

Omapere No. 1 Hokianga 25 January 1879 NIB 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 766 0 0 766.00 ML Plan

Omapere No. 2 Hokianga 2 July 1866 (Omapere), 2 November 1866 (O NIB 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 59 0 0 59.00 ML Plan Omapere No. 3 Hokianga 25 January 1879 NIB 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 5 1 0 5.25 ML Plan Ompare sections Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Omarokura Hokianga 25 January 1889 1889 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 127 0 0 127.00 ML Plan Omataroa Whangaroa 7 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,320 0 0 3,320.00 ML Plan Omaunu Whangaroa 27 November 1878 1878 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown

Onemaroke Bay of Islands 8 January 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 156 0 0 156.00 ML Plan Onewa Hokianga 3 January 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 27 0 0 27.00 ML Plan Onewhero Mahurangi 23 May 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 271 0 0 271.00 ML Plan Ongawhi Bay of Islands 16 January 1885 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 32 2 8 32.55 ML Plan Onoke Whangarei 19 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 138 0 0 138.00 ML Plan Opa Bay of Islands 2 September 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 164 0 0 164.00 ML Plan Opaheke Mahurangi 23 February 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 19 2 0 19.50 ML Plan Opahi Mahurangi 25 January 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 123 0 0 123.00 ML Plan

Opango Bay of Islands 4 December 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 45 0 0 45.00 ML Plan Opara Hokianga 17 August 1866 1866 1865-1874 81 0 0 81.00 ML Plan Opito Bay of Islands 3 February 1898 1898 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 147 0 32 147.20 ML Plan Opononi Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Opouteke 2 Whangarei 14 May 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,735 0 0 2,735.00 ML Plan Opuawhango No.1 Whangarei 16 May 1867 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 9,450 0 0 9,450.00 NLC CT Opuawhango No.2 Whangarei 16 May 1867 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 6,784 0 0 6,784.00 NLC CT Opuawhango No.3 Whangarei 16 May 1867 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,782 0 0 1,782.00 NLC CT Opuawhango No.4 Whangarei 16 May 1867 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 15,157 0 0 15,157.00 ML Plan Opuhete Whangarei 16 September 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 348 0 0 348.00 ML Plan Opuhiiti Nos.1-5 Whangaroa 5/6 September 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 186 0 0 186.00 ML Plan Opuka Hokianga 3 November 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 286 0 0 286.00 ML Plan Opuka No. 2 Hokianga 10 October 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 70 2 0 70.50 ML Plan Orauruwharo No. 1 Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown 55 2 0 55.50 ML Plan Orauruwharo No. 2 Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Orauruwharo No. 3 Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Orauruwharo No. 4 Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Orauruwharo No. 5 Bay of Islands 3 July 1868 1868 1865-1874 100 0 0 NLC CT Orauruwharo No. 6 Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Orauruwharo No. 7 Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Orauruwharo No. 8 Bay of Islands 1 December 1868 1868 1865-1874 42 0 0 NLC CT Orira Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Oriwa [ML 316] Whangarei 2 September 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 415 0 0 415.00 ML Plan Oriwa [ML 8641] Hokianga 1 February 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3 0 0 3.00 ML Plan Orokaraka Mahurangi 27 January 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 8 0 0 8.00 ML Plan Orokawa Bay of Islands 23 February 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 475 3 20 475.88 ML Plan Oromahoe Bay of Islands 20 January 1880, 1 August 1914 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,128 0 0 1,128.00 ML Plan Orongotea Hokianga 1 November 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 336 0 0 336.00 ML Plan Oropa No. 2 Bay of Islands 9 December 1878 1878 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 30 2 33 30.71 ML Plan

306 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio ML 3701 ML 3673 ML 5892 ML 3437

ML 2623-A 2 0 25 2.16 100 or less Rangatira Moetara, Tahana Marupo & 2 others 4 15 3 1867 W5274/113 38A/223

ML 2623-A 10 3 27 10.92 100 or less Rangatira Moetara, Tahana Marupo & 2 others 4 15 3 1867 W5274/113 38A/222 ML 2623-A

ML 6182 ML 3179

Hopata Wharetoumokia, Rawini Whare & 8 ML 3164 156 0 0 156.00 101 - 200 others 10 14 12 1875 W5274/169 94/7 ML 890 21 0 0 21.00 100 or less Aporo, Hohaia Whata & 5 others 7 13 9 1873 W5274/164 89A/142 ML 11015_1 ML 5912 ML 3548 ML 599 ML 85-A ML 84

ML 226 45 0 0 45.00 100 or less Rawiri Taiwhanga, Hirini & Matenga Taiwhanga 3 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/153 ML 205 81 0 0 81.00 100 or less Elizabeth Ferguson 1 19 9 1866 W5274/109 34A/245 ML 6673

ML 4484 258 9,450 0 0 9,450.00 More than 5,000 Mokau, Wiremu Kingi & Henare Kaupeka 3 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/60 259 6,784 0 0 6,784.00 More than 5,000 Pita Tunua & Parore 2 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/61 260 1,782 0 0 1,782.00 1,001-2,000 Eruera Maki 1 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/58 ML 784 15,157 0 0 15,157.00 More than 5,000 Hori Wehiwehi, Erena & Ngahuia 3 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/62 ML 3534 ML 3180 ML 888 286 0 0 286.00 201-300 Te Tai Papahia 1 8 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/220 ML 2026 70 2 0 70.50 100 or less Makarena Te Waharoa & Te Whiu 2 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/208 ML 7499

910 100 0 0 100.00 100 or less Hirini Keni & Kerehama 2 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/3

902 42 0 0 42.00 100 or less Anna Cook 1 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/10 141 0 0 141.00 101 - 200 Kaingamata 1 15 5 1877 W5274/170 95/183 ML 316 415 0 0 415.00 401-500 Pita Tunua and 5 others 6 31 8 1868 W5274/133 58A/237 ML 8641 ML 89 ML 8418-1 ML 8924 ML 230 336 0 0 336.00 301-400 Tamaho Te Huhu, W T Papahia & 4 others 6 15 3 1867 W5274/113 38A/227 ML 10140

307 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source Orotere Whangaroa 5 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 77 0 0 77.00 ML Plan Ota Whangaroa 5 May 1882 1882 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 10 2 32 10.70 ML Plan Otaere Bay of Islands 5 December 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 25 0 0 25.00 ML Plan Otaere No. 2 Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 121 0 0 121.00 ML Plan Otaha Bay of Islands 4 October 1894? 1894 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Otaika Whangarei 14 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4 0 56 ML Plan Otamaiti Whangarei 13 November 1908 1908 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 175 0 0 175.00 ML Plan Otamarua Bay of Islands 1 July 1896 1896 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 313 2 18 313.61 ML Plan Otangaroa [ML 3234] Hokianga 17 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 6,850 0 0 6,850.00 ML Plan Otangaroa [ML 3263] Whangaroa 5 May 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,880 0 0 2,880.00 ML Plan Otaniwha Whangarei 9 February 1885 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,216 1 0 1,216.25 ML Plan Otao Bay of Islands 20 December 1910 1910 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Otapapa Whangarei 28 November 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 20 0 0 20.00 ML Plan Otara [ML 3707A] Whangarei 19 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 128 0 0 128.00 ML Plan / NLC CT 364 Otara [ML 530] Bay of Islands 1 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 386 0 0 386.00 ML Plan Otarare Bay of Islands 2 September 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 18 1 23 18.39 ML Plan Otarawhao Mahurangi 6 February 1866 1866 92 0 0 92.00 ML Plan Otarihau Hokianga 20 June 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,170 0 0 1,170.00 ML Plan Otautahi Whangarei 27 June 1885 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 133 0 0 133.00 ML Plan Otautu Hokianga 10 October 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 316 0 0 316.00 ML Plan Otawhiri Whangaroa 7 March 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 21 0 0 21.00 ML Plan Oteaka Bay of Islands 12 December 1894 1894 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 8 0 35 8.22 ML Plan Otengi Whangaroa 5 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 299 0 0 299.00 ML Plan Otetao Bay of Islands 16 February 1883 1883 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 956 0 0 956.00 ML Plan Otito Whangarei 22 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 62 0 0 62.00 ML Plan/ NLC CT Otoataia Hokianga 17 November 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 57 0 0 57.00 NLC CT Otonga No. 1 Whangarei 14 May 1867 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 26,810 0 0 26,810.00 ML Plan Otonga No. 2 Whangarei 14 May 1867 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,226 0 0 1,226.00 ML Plan / NLC CT 229 Ototope Hokianga 3 May 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 295 0 0 295.00 ML Plan Otuhi [ML 4999A] Whangarei 25 August 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 295 0 0 295.00 ML Plan Otuhi [ML 7299] Bay of Islands 1 December 1910 1910 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Otuhianga Hokianga 7 November 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 44 0 0 44.00 ML Plan Otuihi Bay of Islands 9 August 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 0 1 21 0.38 ML Plan Oturori Hokianga 22 October 1906 1906 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 154 3 15 154.84 ML Plan Otutahuna Whangarei 8 May 1907 1907 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 253 0 0 253.00 ML Plan Otutaorau Bay of Islands 11 December 1878 1878 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 447 2 22 447.64 ML Plan Oue [ML 1094] Hokianga 3 November 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,348 0 0 1,348.00 ML Plan Oue [ML 2938A] Whangarei 3 February 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,968 0 0 3,968.00 ML Plan Oue No. 2 [ML 2938A] Whangarei 10 May 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Oue No. 2 [ML 3274] Hokianga 31 May 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 260 0 0 260.00 ML Plan Oue Reserve Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 100 0 0 100.00 ML Plan Owai Whangarei 2 September 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 857 0 0 857.00 ML Plan Owhata Bay of Islands 17 August 1917 1917 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan Owhatia Whangarei 4 September 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 205 0 0 205.00 ML Plan Pa (Te) Bay of Islands 18 January 1922 1922 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 6 1 0 6.25 ML Plan Pae (Te) Bay of Islands 31 August 1917 1917 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 728 0 15 728.09 ML Plan Paekotare Whangaroa 13 April 1867 1867 1865-1874 8 0 0 8.00 NLC CT Paengatai Hokianga 26 June 1871 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 6 1 17 6.36 ML Plan Paerata Whangarei 19 January 1892 1892 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 136 0 0 136.00 ML Plan Pahake Bay of Islands 1 December 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 16 0 0 16.00 ML Plan Paheke Hokianga 4 November 1924 1924 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 5 0 35 5.22 ML Plan Pahekeheke Bay of Islands/Hokianga 10 November 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,453 0 0 1,453.00 ML Plan

308 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio ML 3218 25 0 0 25.00 100 or less Pehimana Pou & Pehara 2 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/113 ML 3181-A ML 1057 ML 6377

ML 6186/ NLC 3659, 3660 ML 6675 ML 6583 ML 3234 ML 3263 ML 5553

ML 2631 20 0 0 20.00 100 or less Hira Taurua & 9 others 10 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/171 ML 3707-A ML 530 386 0 0 386.00 301-400 Mohi Kaingaroa & 6 others 7 18 12 1869 W5274/143 68A/32 ML 13939 20 0 0 20.00 100 or less Te Tane Taakahi & 5 others 6 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/23 ML 69 ML 254 ML 5379 ML 2028 316 0 0 316.00 301-400 Charles Bryers 1 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/205 ML 331 21 0 0 21.00 100 or less Wiremu Naihi 1 10 7 1867 W5274/122 47A/70 ML 6503 ML 3426 ML 5560 ML 3903 / CT 3668 3885 ML 788 26,810 0 0 26,810.00 More than 5,000 Haki Whangawhanga & Eru Nehua 2 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/63 ML 788 1,226 0 0 1,226.00 1,001-2,000 Rairiri Te Hinu & Katarina Te Puatahi 2 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/64 ML 4900 ML 4999-A

ML 3396 ML 2984 0 1 21 0.38 100 or less Maihi Paraone Kawiti 1 14 12 1875 W5274/169 94/8 ML 11605 ML 6755 ML 2752 ML 1094 1,348 0 0 1,348.00 1,001-2,000 Heta Moka & 7 others 8 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/20 ML 2938-A

ML 3274 ML 3504 ML 317 857 0 0 857.00 501-1,000 Wiremu Kingi & 4 others 5 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/19 ML 8505 ML 154 205 0 0 205.00 201-300 Te Tirarau 1 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/195 ML 10742-1 ML 8923 1047 8 0 0 8.00 100 or less Rihari Te Kuri & Wiremu Naihi 2 15 7 1867 W5274/122 47A/131 ML 2304 6 1 17 6.36 100 or less Wi Tana Papahia & Kaperiere Te Huhu 2 13 7 1872 W5274/160 85A/71 ML 6349 ML 269 16 0 0 16.00 100 or less Kohu Maru & 2 others 3 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/150 ML 4876 ML 3296

309 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source Pahi (Te) Bay of Islands 5 March 1979 1979 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Pahii (Te) Bay of Islands 23 February 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 115 2 19 115.62 ML Plan Pahinui Whangarei 23 January 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 5,157 0 0 5,157.00 ML Plan Pahuhu Whangaroa Unknown Unknown Unknown 96 0 0 96.00 ML Plan Pahunuhunu Whangarei 14 November 1871 1871 1865-1874 440 0 0 440.00 ML Plan Pahunuhunu No. 2 Whangarei 12 November 1883 1883 1880-1889 101 3 19 101.87 ML Plan Paihia [ML 418] Whangaroa 7 March 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 89 0 0 89.00 ML Plan Paihia [ML 8055] Hokianga 20 October 1897 1897 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Pakanae Nos.1-6 Hokianga 31 May 1875 (Pakanae 6), 10 June 1875 (Pak 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 12,666 0 0 12,666.00 ML Plan Pakanae-Ngapuku Hokianga 10 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Pakauotehokio Hokianga 2 November 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 156 0 0 156.00 ML Plan Pakeretu Hokianga 18 June 1886 1886 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3 1 25 3.41 ML Plan Pakia Hokianga 11 January 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 12 2 8 12.55 ML Plan / NLC CT Pakihiiti Hokianga 1 November 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 90 0 0 90.00 ML Plan Pakikaikutu Whangarei 14 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 334 0 0 334.00 ML Plan

Pakinga Hokianga 21 November 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 320 0 0 320.00 ML Plan

Pakiri Mahurangi 29 April 1869 1869 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 29,298 0 0 29,298.00 ML Plan Pakonga [ML 1532] Bay of Islands 28 March 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 30 0 0 30.00 ML Plan Pakonga [ML 227] Bay of Islands 5 December 1886 1886 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 80 0 0 80.00 ML Plan Pakonga No. 2 Bay of Islands 7 July 1906 1906 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 289 3 31 289.94 ML Plan Pakonga [ML 332] Whangaroa 13 April 1867 1867 1865-1874 55 0 0 55.00 ML Plan Pakuri Bay of Islands 2 September 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 60 0 0 60.00 ML Plan Panekuri Whangarei 18 February 1895 1895 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 116 3 8 116.80 ML Plan Paoneone Bay of Islands 3 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 702 0 0 702.00 ML Plan Papa (Te) [ML 586] Bay of Islands 16 June 1868 1868 1865-1874 127 0 0 127.00 ML Plan Papa (Te) [ML 629] Bay of Islands 3 February 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 16 0 0 16.00 ML Plan Papakauri [ML 3163] Bay of Islands 25 April 1887 1887 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 960 0 0 960.00 ML Plan Papakauri [ML 3192] Hokianga 1 November 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 32 0 0 32.00 ML Plan

Papakura Bay of Islands 18 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 330 0 0 330.00 ML Plan Papakuri Whangarei 16 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,167 0 0 3,167.00 ML Plan Papakuri A 16 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 370 0 0 370.00 NLC CT

Papamai Hokianga 2 June 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 262 0 0 262.00 ML Plan Papaoteinati Mahurangi Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Paparahi Bay of Islands 2 August 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 120 0 0 120.00 ML Plan Paparimurimu Bay of Islands 22 August 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 51 0 0 51.00 ML Plan Papatawa Whangarei 14 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 262 2 0 262.50 ML Plan Papua Hokianga 5 June 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 576 0 0 576.00 ML Plan Parahaki [ML 2058] Bay of Islands 22 November 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,188 0 0 2,188.00 ML Plan Parahaki [ML 8257] Whangarei 23 June 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,753 0 0 2,753.00 ML Plan Parahaki Native Reserve Whangarei 11 October 1869 1869 1865-1874 256 0 0 256.00 NLC CT Parahaki Reserves Whangarei 16 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 458 0 0 458.00 ML Plan Parahirahi Bay of Islands 16 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 5,955 0 0 5,955.00 ML Plan Parakiore No. 2 Whangarei 10 November 1883 1883 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 84 0 30 84.19 ML Plan Parakiore No. 1 Whangarei 26 August 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 26 1 0 26.25 ML Plan Paranake Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Parangarahu Whangarei 14 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 676 0 0 676.00 ML Plan Parapara Hokianga 4 November 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 110 0 0 110.00 ML Plan Pararako Whangaroa 26 March 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 171 0 0 171.00 ML Plan

310 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio

ML 8418-1 ML 3806 ML 6255 ML 2300 440 0 0 440.00 401-500 Tipene Hari & 5 others 6 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/21 ML 5556 ML 418 89 0 0 89.00 100 or less Kingi Hori Kira and Riwhi Hongi 2 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/17

ML 3267

ML 865 156 0 0 156.00 101 - 200 Jane Clendon 1 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/130 ML 6012 ML 1587 / 378 12 2 8 12.55 100 or less Wi Tahana Tirarau & Rangatira Moetara 2 15 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/162 ML 3197 ML 3211

ML 2963 320 0 0 320.00 301-400 Kaperiera Te Huhu, Raiha Tamaho & 3 others 5 25 1 1877 W5274/170 95/167 Rahui [Te Kiri], Hori Panapa & Wi. Apa Te ML 1456-A & B 31,408 0 0 31,408.00 More than 5,000 Whakaotinga 3 6 7 1870 W5274/149 74A/19 ML 1532 30 0 0 30.00 100 or less Heta Te Haara & 3 others 4 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/121 ML 227 80 0 0 80.00 100 or less Maketu Ruhe Tutana, Hoani Ruhe & Ihaka 3 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/156 ML 8240 ML 332 55 0 0 55.00 100 or less Wiremu Naihi 1 10 7 1867 W5274/122 47A/71 ML 597 60 0 0 60.00 100 or less Ana Kuku & 4 others 5 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/20 ML 6543 ML 2317 651 2 16 651.60 501-1,000 Wi Tima, H Taiwhanga & 3 others 5 13 9 1873 W5274/164 89A/143 ML 586 ML 629 16 0 0 16.00 100 or less Honetana Te Kero 1 29 1 1869 W5274/135 60A/176 ML 3163 ML 3192 P. Te Manu, Mohi Kaingaroa, H. Tawatawa & 7 ML 2053 326 2 5 326.53 301-400 ors 10 8 2 1873 W5274/162 87A/132 ML 196 284 370 0 0 370.00 301-400 Hepi Monariki 1 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/106

ML 875 262 0 0 262.00 201-300 Kerehama Rangatira & Kerehama Hone Mohi 2 3 5 1869 W5274/136 61A/118

ML 2184 120 0 0 120.00 101 - 200 Hori Wehiwehi 1 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/141 ML 11567 ML 3743-1 ML 2515 576 0 0 576.00 501-1,000 Porohita, Ranga & Puru Whero 3 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/157 ML 2058 2,188 0 0 2,188.00 2,001-3,000 Tawatawa & 9 others 10 83A/95 ML 8257 283 266 0 0 266.00 201-300 Te Puia & Wiremu Pohe 2 18 12 1869 W5274/143 68A/95 ML 1095 ML 2730 ML 5684 ML 4474

ML 3902 ML 404 110 0 0 110.00 101 - 200 Hone Kingi Kaihau Ruta & 3 others 4 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/55 ML 1577 171 0 0 171.00 101 - 200 Henare Tupe, Natahira & 2 others 4 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/100

311 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source Parawaha Bay of Islands 3 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 50 0 0 50.00 ML Plan Pareanui Bay of Islands 23 February 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 60 3 0 60.75 ML Plan Parematamokau Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 7,255 0 0 7,255.00 ML Plan Parengaroa Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan Pariotane Whangarei 18 August 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 166 0 0 166.00 ML Plan Paroa Bay of Islands 1 July 1896 1896 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 91 1 24 91.40 ML Plan Parua Whangarei 6 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 835 0 0 835.00 ML Plan Parutahi Bay of Islands 2 August 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 180 0 0 180.00 ML Plan Pataikoka Bay of Islands 3 July 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 67 0 0 67.00 ML Plan Pataua Whangarei 22 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 339 0 0 339.00 ML Plan Pateko Hokianga/Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 28 1 28.5 28.43 ML Plan Pateretere Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 53 0 0 53.00 ML Plan Patipatiarero Hokianga 19 November 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 53 0 0 53.00 ML Plan Pato (Te) Whangarei 25 October 1894 1894 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 26 2 0 26.50 ML Plan Patoetoe Bay of Islands 9 October 1909 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 106 3 0 106.75 ML Plan Patukauae Bay of Islands 4 April 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 216 0 0 216.00 ML Plan Patunga Bay of Islands 31 July 1930 1930 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1 3 35 1.97 ML Plan Patutumutumu Bay of Islands 22 January 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,409 0 0 1,409.00 ML Plan Pautouto No. 1 Hokianga 2 September 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 172 0 0 172.00 ML Plan / NLC CT Pautouto No. 2 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 164 0 0 164.00 ML Plan / NLC CT Pehiaweri Whangarei 22 August 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 289 0 0 289.00 ML Plan Pekapekarau Whangarei 19 May 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 5,220 0 0 5,220.00 ML Plan Pikinga (Te) Hokianga 4 January 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 30 0 0 30.00 ML Plan Pikiparia Hokianga 1 March 1894 1894 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Pikopiko Kaumatua Whangarei 14 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 51 0 0 NLC CT Pimiro Bay of Islands 3 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 863 0 0 863.00 ML Plan Pinnacles (The) Whangarei 11 November 1976 1976 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Pipipi (Te) Hokianga 20 November 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 32 0 26 32.16 ML Plan Pipiro Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 14 0 2 14.01 ML Plan Pipiwai Whangarei 14 May 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,102 0 0 1,102.00 ML Plan Pipiwai No.2 Whangarei 1 May 1907 1907 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4,540 0 0 4,540.00 ML Plan

Pipiwharauroa Whangarei 16 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 282 0 0 282.00 ML Plan / NLC CT

Piriaue or Piriawe Bay of Islands 7 January 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 6 0 0 6.00 ML Plan Pirikotaha [ML 2508] Hokianga 13 June 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 9 0 0 9.00 ML Plan Pirikotaha [ML 2566] Bay of Islands 17 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 127 0 0 127.00 ML Plan Pirikotaha [ML 879] Bay of Islands 11 December 1894 1894 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 271 0 0 271.00 ML Plan Piritaha Whangarei 10 December 1896 1896 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,076 1 3 1,076.27 ML Plan Piriti (Te) (part) Hokianga 13 June 1872 NIB 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 16 2 0 16.50 ML Plan Piriti (Te) (part) Hokianga 21 July 1873 NIB 1865-1874 1 1 27 1.42 ML Plan / NLC CT Piriti (Te) Nos.1-2 Hokianga 2 September 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Pohoatua Whangarei 8 May 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 528 0 0 528.00 ML Plan Pohoatua No. 2 Whangarei 28 July 1898 1898 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 113 3 0 113.75 ML Plan Poieke Hokianga 16 July 1912 1912 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 6 2 0 6.50 ML Plan Poike Bay of Islands 26 August 1899 1899 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 527 1 27 527.42 ML Plan Pokaka Whangaroa 21 July 1898 1898 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 138 2 0 138.50 ML Plan Pokangahere No.2 Bay of Islands 3 December 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 32 0 0 32.00 ML Plan Pokapu [ML 14465] Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,686 0 0 1,686.00 ML Plan Pokapu [ML 2513] Hokianga 13 June 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 14 0 0 14.00 ML Plan Pokapu [ML 3808] Whangarei 25 September 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 421 2 0 421.50 ML Plan / NLC CT Pokapu [ML 6676] Whangarei 21 March 1898 1898 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 28 0 0 28.00 ML Plan

312 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio ML 594 50 0 0 50.00 100 or less Hirini Keno & Te Po 2 30 10 1868 W5274/134 59A/76 ML 8418-1 ML 6835 ML 9188 ML 3590 ML 6581 ML 1004 394 0 0 394.00 301-400 Horomona Kaikou 1 22 11 1869 W5274/140 65A/237 ML 2634 180 0 0 180.00 101 - 200 Hori Wehiwehi 1 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/146 ML 252 67 0 0 67.00 100 or less Mary Joice & Taihaetihi 2 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/210 ML 3945-2 ML 8237 ML 245 ML 3427 ML 3718 ML 8505-4 ML 469 216 0 0 216.00 201-300 Moko Te Kaka & 2 others 3 21 8 1867 W5274/124 49A/125 ML 6648 ML 3996 ML 382 / 443 172 0 0 172.00 101 - 200 Piripi Patiki 1 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/241 ML 382 /444 164 0 0 164.00 101 - 200 Mohi & Kaio Otene, Mohi Whiti 3 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/242 ML 43-A 289 0 0 289.00 201-300 Hake Peru 1 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/176 ML 2937-A ML 1585 30 0 0 30.00 100 or less R Moetara & 5 others 6 14 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/163

264 51 0 0 51.00 100 or less Manihera, Ngawi & Ture 3 73A/24 ML 376 863 0 0 863.00 501-1,000 Henare Marino & 2 others 3 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/142

ML 2956 ML 9188 ML 4311 ML 6807

ML 814 / 262 282 0 0 282.00 201-300 Hori Te Ngeri, Tamati Te Maru & Wi Tawaha 3 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/65 Ani Taiuru, Papatu Te Nganga and Ripeka Te ML 3167 6 0 0 6.00 100 or less Nganga 3 14 12 1875 W5274/169 94/6 ML 2508 9 0 0 9.00 100 or less Ruka Korakora 1 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/156 ML 2566 127 0 0 127.00 101 - 200 Ngahuka 1 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/142 ML 879 ML 6610 ML 2506 16 2 0 16.50 100 or less Wiremu Karaka Pi & 3 ors 4 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/160 ML 2506 / 421 1 0 33 1.21 100 or less Rewha & 2 others 3 89A/1

ML 4076 ML 5434 ML 8419 ML 6648 ML 6575 ML 1061 32 0 0 32.00 100 or less Maraea Te Hemo Awatea & Te Warihi 2 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/114 ML 14465 ML 2513 14 0 0 14.00 100 or less Te Kapua Mangu Te Rahiri 1 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/152 ML 3808 / 3661 ML 6676

313 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source Pokapu [ML 950] Bay of Islands 7 July 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 135 0 0 135.00 ML Plan Pokapu Waiorehu Whangarei 5 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 464 0 0 464.00 ML Plan Pokatuawhenua Bay of Islands 4 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 566 0 0 566.00 ML Plan Pokeka Bay of Islands 3 November 1897 1897 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 423 2 0 423.50 ML Plan Poniwhenua Hokianga 2 March 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 75 2 27 75.67 ML Plan Popo (Te) Bay of Islands 30 January 1885 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2 1 0 2.25 ML Plan Poro (Te) Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 100 0 0 100.00 ML Plan Porotaka Bay of Islands 9 December 1897 1897 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 590 0 0 590.00 ML Plan Poroti Whangarei 7 November 1883 1883 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Porotu Bay of Islands 3 February 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 580 0 0 580.00 ML Plan Potaka 369 Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 17 0 0 17.00 ML Plan Poukai B Bay of Islands 14 October 1909 (Poukai B1 and B2), 3 Septe 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Pua (Te) [ML 3165] Bay of Islands 7 January 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 37 0 0 37.00 ML Plan Pua (Te) [ML 712] Bay of Islands 24 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 285 0 0 285.00 ML Plan Puhata Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 26 0 0 26.00 ML Plan Puhikairarunga Whangarei 7 May 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 332 0 0 332.00 ML Plan Puhipuhi Whangarei 26 May 1883 1883 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Puhoi Mahurangi 29 January 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,351 0 0 2,351.00 ML Plan Puia (Te) Hokianga 7 April 1885 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 444 0 10 444.06 ML Plan Pukahakaha [ML 288] Bay of Islands 4 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 26 0 0 26.00 ML Plan Pukahakaha [ML 9162] Whangarei 25 November 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 250 0 0 250.00 ML Plan / NLC CT Pukahu [ML 12663] Bay of Islands 31 July 1930 1930 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3 1 25 3.41 ML Plan Pukahu [ML 7271] Hokianga 15 July 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,910 0 0 2,910.00 ML Plan Pukanui Hokianga 3 July 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 265 0 0 265.00 ML Plan Pukapuka (Te) Mahurangi 21 July 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 361 0 0 361.00 ML Plan Pukarikari Hokianga 3 May 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 13 2 0 13.50 ML Plan Puke (Te) Hokianga 10 October 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 96 1 0 96.25 ML Plan Pukehaka Hokianga 10 October 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 43 2 12 43.58 ML Plan Pukehuia [ML 3207A] Whangarei 24 March 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 380 0 0 380.00 ML Plan Pukehuia [ML 3216] Hokianga 2 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,270 0 0 3,270.00 ML Plan Pukehuia No. 2 Hokianga 20 March 1882 1882 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,412 0 0 1,412.00 ML Plan Pukekauri Whangarei 10 November 1883 1883 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 292 1 8 292.30 ML Plan Pukemiro No. 2 Whangarei 8 December 1894 1894 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 110 0 0 110.00 ML Plan Pukenui No. 1 Whangarei 16 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,195 0 0 1,195.00 ML Plan Pukeokui Whangarei 14 September 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 189 0 0 189.00 ML Plan Pukepoto [ML 3809A] Whangarei 14 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,479 0 0 1,479.00 ML Plan Pukepoto [ML 7469] Bay of Islands 8 April 1910 1910 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 411 0 0 411.00 ML Plan Pukepu Kerau Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 182 2 10 182.56 ML Plan Pukerewarewa Whangaroa Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Puketaha Whangarei 26 September 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 13 1 12 13.33 ML Plan Puketaka Bay of Islands 2 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 40 0 0 40.00 ML Plan Puketaka Whangarei 17 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Puketapu [ML 523] Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown 230 0 0 230.00 ML Plan Puketapu [ML 534] Hokianga 4 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 30 0 0 30.00 ML Plan Puketapu No. 1 [ML 534] Bay of Islands 2 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 66 3 29 ML Plan / NLC CT Puketapu No. 2 [ML 534] Bay of Islands 2 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 15 0 0 ML Plan / NLC CT Puketapu No. 3 [ML 534] Bay of Islands 2 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 56 1 4 ML Plan / NLC CT Puketapu No. 4 [ML 534] Bay of Islands 2 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 8 2 13 ML Plan / NLC CT Puketapu No. 5 [ML 534] Bay of Islands 2 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 82 1 33 ML Plan / NLC CT Puketaururu Bay of Islands 1 April 1908 1908 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 390 0 0 390.00 ML Plan Puketawa [ML 4423] Bay of Islands 20 January 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 111 0 0 111.00 ML Plan Puketawa [ML 443] Bay of Islands 22 August 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 42 0 0 42.00 ML Plan

314 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio ML 950 135 0 0 135.00 101 - 200 Wiremu & Mere Katene 2 23 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/244 ML 954 464 0 0 464.00 401-500 Eru Toenga & Pirihi 2 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/243 ML 806 566 0 0 566.00 501-1,000 Ruatara, Wiremu Katene & 2 others 4 8 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/214 ML 6580 ML 3195 ML 5501 ML 10745 ML 6683

ML 8922 690 0 0 690.00 501-1,000 Tau Whiorau, Eru Nehua & 5 others 7 20 1 1871 W5274/154 79A/209 ML 961 17 0 0 17.00 100 or less Aperahama Taiko & 2 others 3 22 11 1869 W5274/140 65A/235

ML 3165 37 0 0 37.00 100 or less Piripi Poti, Hare Poti & 3 others 5 14 12 1875 W5274/169 94/5 ML 712 ML 7670 ML 4210

ML 139 2,351 0 0 2,351.00 2,001-3,000 Te Hemara Tauiha 1 12 4 1866 W 5274/108 33A/28 ML 5573 ML 288 26 0 0 26.00 100 or less Tamati Tatara 1 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/136 ML 9162 / 308 ML 12663 ML 7271 ML 143 263 0 0 263.00 201-300 Bryers 1 34A/263 ML 81 ML 4630 ML 2027 96 1 0 96.25 100 or less Tui Pehiri & 3 others 4 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/207 ML 2030 42 2 12 42.58 100 or less Mohi Tawhai & 3 others 4 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/203 ML 3207-A ML 3216 ML 4489 ML 5298 ML 6546 ML 164 1,195 0 0 1,195.00 1,001-2,000 Taurau 1 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/49 ML 3581 ML 3809-A ML 7469 ML 6189

ML 4688 ML 2226 40 0 0 40.00 100 or less Te Ratu Renata 1 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/8

ML 523 ML 534 30 0 0 30.00 100 or less Hori Pou 1 19 8 1867 W5274/124 49A/121 ML 534 / 908 66 3 29 66.93 100 or less Reihana Taukawau 1 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/4 ML 534 / 907 15 0 0 15.00 100 or less Piripi Tauhara 1 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/5 ML 534 / 906 56 1 4 56.28 100 or less Heta Te Haara 1 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/6 ML 534 / 905 8 2 13 8.58 100 or less Makareta Irimahoe & Eruera Waikerepuru 2 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/7 ML 534 / 898 ML 7299 ML 4423 ML 443 42 0 0 42.00 100 or less Tango Hikuwai 1 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/165

315 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source Puketoro Hokianga 29 May 1886 1886 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 170 2 10 170.56 ML Plan Puketotara Whangarei 22 August 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Puketutu [ML 3755] Whangarei 14 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 6,050 0 0 6,050.00 ML Plan Puketutu [ML 8804] Bay of Islands 27 September 1911 1911 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 623 1 0 623.25 ML Plan Pukewharaiki Bay of Islands 8 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,552 0 0 2,552.00 ML Plan Pukewhau Bay of Islands 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 101 0 0 101.00 ML Plan Pukoro Bay of Islands 1 June 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 30 0 0 30.00 ML Plan Pukoro A Bay of Islands 8 April 1910 1910 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 15 2 0 15.50 ML Plan Pukoro No. 2 Bay of Islands 25 April 1889 1889 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 36 3 29 36.93 ML Plan Pukorukoru Hokianga 13 November 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 5 1 17 5.36 ML Plan Pumanawa [ML 3093] Bay of Islands 16 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 34 0 0 34.00 ML Plan Pumanawa [ML 6706] Whangaroa 26 July 1898 1898 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 85 1 8 85.30 ML Plan Punakitere Bay of Islands 2 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 7,557 0 0 7,557.00 ML Plan Punakitere No. 2 Bay of Islands 3 May 1883 1883 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4,767 0 0 4,767.00 ML Plan Punaruku Bay of Islands 25 August 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,000 0 0 3,000.00 ML Plan Punaruku No. 2 Bay of Islands 25 August 1904 1904 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,302 2 0 1,302.50 ML Plan Punga (Te) Whangarei 29 January 1914 1914 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 45 0 0 45.00 ML Plan Pungaere Bay of Islands 4 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 7,304 0 0 7,304.00 ML Plan Pungaere No. 1 Bay of Islands 8 August 1916 1916 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Pupuha (Te) Hokianga 1 May 1911 1911 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 7 0 0 7.00 ML Plan Pupuke (Te) Whangaroa 19 February 1885 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,396 0 0 2,396.00 ML Plan Pupuke (Te) No. 1 Whangaroa 29 June 1891 1891 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 521 3 0 ML Plan / NLC CT Pura (pt) Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Pureirei Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Purerua Bay of Islands 22 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 422 0 0 422.00 ML Plan Puriritahi [ML 2025] Hokianga 10 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 29 1 0 29.25 ML Plan Puriritahi [ML 49] Whangarei 30 August 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 131 0 0 131.00 ML Plan Purua Whangarei 25 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 17,010 0 0 17,010.00 ML Plan Putahoihoi Bay of Islands 20 January 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 5 0 0 5.00 ML Plan Putakiwi Whangaroa 15 November 1899 1899 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 305 2 0 305.50 ML Plan Putetaka Whangarei 17 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 140 0 0 140.00 ML Plan Putoetoe No. 10 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 36 NLC CT Putoetoe No. 11 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 34 NLC CT Putoetoe No. 12 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 38 NLC CT Putoetoe No. 13 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 38 NLC CT Putoetoe No. 14 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 36 NLC CT Putoetoe No. 15 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 32 NLC CT Putoetoe No. 16 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 20 NLC CT Putoetoe No. 17 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 32 NLC CT Putoetoe No. 18 Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Putoetoe No. 19 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 35 NLC CT Putoetoe No. 2 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 1 3 NLC CT Putoetoe No. 20 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 35 NLC CT Putoetoe No. 21 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 39 NLC CT Putoetoe No. 22 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 Unknown Putoetoe No. 23 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 0 3 35 NLC CT Putoetoe No. 3 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 1 0 NLC CT Putoetoe No. 4 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 21 NLC CT Putoetoe No. 5 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 1 11 NLC CT Putoetoe No. 6 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 10 NLC CT Putoetoe No. 7 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 31 NLC CT Putoetoe No. 8 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 28 NLC CT

316 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio ML 5688 180 0 0 180.00 101 - 200 Eru Nehua 1 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/164 ML 3755 ML 8804 ML 3174 ML 2622 101 0 0 101.00 101 - 200 Tango Hikuwai 1 11 3 1874 W5274/165 90A/206 ML 433 30 0 0 30.00 100 or less Wiremu Waaka Turau 1 3 5 1869 W5274/136 61A/114 ML 7439 ML 6199 ML 658 5 1 17 5.36 100 or less Sarah White 1 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/68 ML 3093 ML 6706 ML 3270 ML 3415-1 ML 4318 ML 7738 ML 8987 ML 313 7,184 0 0 7,184.00 More than 5,000 Mangonui Huirua & Wi Kaire 2 23 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/249

ML 7751 ML 3720 ML 3720 / 3949 78 0 0 78.00 100 or less Te Rai 1 15 5 1877 W5274/170 95/184

ML 328 ML 2025 29 1 0 29.25 100 or less Makarena Te Waharoa 1 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/206 ML 49 131 0 0 131.00 101 - 200 Hirini Tipene Pakia 1 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/180 ML 3130-A 15,410 0 0 15,410.00 More than 5,000 Tirarau Kupakupa 1 25 1 1877 W5274/170 95/160 ML 3573 ML 6723 ML 553 430 1 0 36 1.23 100 or less Rawiri Tiopira 1 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/228 431 1 0 34 1.21 100 or less Ngature Tahua & 2 ors 3 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/229 432 1 0 38 1.24 100 or less Te Tanati & 2 ors 3 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/230 433 1 0 38 1.24 100 or less Pene Kahi & Kerei Waikare 2 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/231 434 1 0 36 1.23 100 or less Tako & Peri Tako 2 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/232 435 1 0 32 1.20 100 or less Te Karauna & 3 ors 4 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/233 436 1 0 20 1.13 100 or less Nga Hiraka Kohau 1 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/234 437 1 0 32 1.20 100 or less Hapakuku Moetara 1 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/235 1 0 35 1.22 100 or less Reipana Te Oneroa & Waata Tahana 2 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/236 438 422 1 1 3 1.27 100 or less Te Tai Papahia 1 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/220 439 1 0 35 1.22 100 or less Tete & Marara Tete 2 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/237 440 1 0 39 1.24 100 or less Atareta Wiremu 1 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/238

441 0 3 35 0.97 100 or less Tako Paura & Ngawati 2 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/239 423 1 1 0 1.25 100 or less Te Kahika 1 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/221 424 1 0 21 1.13 100 or less Rawiri Te Tahua 1 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/222 425 1 1 11 1.32 100 or less Tuha 1 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/223 426 1 0 21 1.13 100 or less Aramiha Tio 1 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/224 427 1 0 31 1.19 100 or less Mihake Ngori & Kerehi Wairau 2 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/225 428 1 0 28 1.18 100 or less Hemara Ngakai & 2 ors 3 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/226

317 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source Putoetoe No. 9 Hokianga 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 35 NLC CT Rahiri Kotuku Bay of Islands 2 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 25 0 0 25.00 ML Plan Rahiri Kotuku No. 2 Bay of Islands 11 June 1867 1867 1865-1874 Unknown Rahuikuri Whangarei 17 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 138 0 0 138.00 ML Plan Rahurahu Hokianga 15 September 1866 1866 1865-1874 20 0 0 NLC CT Raihara [ML 6550J] Whangarei 1 September 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 213 2 0 213.50 ML Plan Raihara [ML 894] Bay of Islands 1 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 17 3 0 17.75 ML Plan Rakaupara Hokianga 24 June 1893 1893 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2 2 20 2.63 ML Plan Rakaurere Whangaroa 1 May 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 268 0 0 268.00 ML Plan Rakauwahi Bay of Islands 8 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,372 0 0 1,372.00 ML Plan

Rakepuka (Te) Hokianga 4 June 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2 1 15 2.34 ML Plan Rakitu Mahurangi 9 January 1871 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 626 0 0 626.00 ML Plan Ramarama Bay of Islands 18 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan Ramaroa Bay of Islands 16 June 1915 1915 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 295 0 0 295.00 ML Plan Rangai Hokianga 16 March 1895 1895 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan Rangaunu Bay of Islands 22 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,164 0 0 1,164.00 ML Plan Rangiahau & Mahuki Mahurangi 13 February 1926 (Rangiahua), 13 June 1934 (Mahuki) After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 135 0 0 135.00 ML Plan Rangiawhia Hokianga 6 February 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Rangihamama Bay of Islands 22 May 1909 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 408 0 0 408.00 ML Plan Rangihoua Bay of Islands 13 March 1930 1930 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 5 0 0 5.00 ML Plan Rangiputa Hokianga 20 September 1915 1915 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2 0 0 2.00 ML Plan Rarakareao Bay of Islands 14 October 1890 1890 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 169 3 15 169.84 ML Plan Ratakamaru Hokianga 21 April 1885 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 95 0 7 95.04 ML Plan Raumanga Whangarei 17 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Raumanga No. 1 Whangarei 4 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan Raupo (Te) Bay of Islands 3 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 66 0 0 66.00 ML Plan Rawhiti Bay of Islands 23 February 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Rawhitiroa Whangarei 27 June 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 349 0 0 349.00 ML Plan Rehuotane Whangarei 18 September 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 730 0 0 730.00 ML Plan Reiwhatia Bay of Islands 12 August 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 219 0 0 219.00 ML Plan Reretiti [ML 250] Bay of Islands 4 December 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 104 0 0 104.00 ML Plan Reretiti [ML 3532] Whangarei 16 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 113 0 0 113.00 ML Plan Rewarewa (Te) Whangarei 18 March 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 284 0 0 284.00 ML Plan Rimariki Bay of Islands 2 September 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 43 0 0 43.00 ML Plan Rimurere Whangarei 6 July 1885 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 153 0 26 153.16 ML Plan Riu (Te) Bay of Islands 3 December 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 42 0 0 42.00 ML Plan Rongoroa (Te) Hokianga 20 September 1915 1915 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 0 2 30 0.69 ML Plan Roro (Te) Whangarei 27 March 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 88 0 0 88.00 ML Plan Roto (Te) Mahurangi 23 May 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 335 3 14 335.84 ML Plan Rotokakahi Hokianga 25 November 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 7,831 0 0 7,831.00 ML Plan Rotokanae Whangarei 4 June 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 72 0 0 72.00 ML Plan Rotomate Whangarei 2 February 1882 1882 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 19 1 8 19.30 ML Plan Rotopotakataka Bay of Islands 1 September 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 187 0 0 187.00 ML Plan Ruaki (Te) Hokianga 2 November 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 28 0 0 28.00 ML Plan Ruaotetaniwha Whangarei 14 November 1885 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan Ruapapaka Hokianga 3 January 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 69 2 0 69.50 ML Plan Ruapekapeka Bay of Islands 27 December 1873 1873 Unknown Ruarangi Whangarei 28 August 1906 1906 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 39 3 30 39.94 ML Plan Ruataewao Whangarei 14 May 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 411 0 0 411.00 ML Plan Ruatahi (Te) Whangarei 2 September 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,542 0 0 2,542.00 ML Plan Ruatuna Hokianga 13 June 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 15 3 0 15.75 ML Plan

318 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio 429 1 0 35 1.22 100 or less Te Arahu Te Ngaru 1 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/227 ML 380 25 0 0 25.00 100 or less Tamati Pukututu 1 21 9 1867 W5274/126 51A/42 7 0 0 7.00 100 or less Hare Wirikake 1 21 9 1867 W5274/126 51A/41 ML 40 138 0 0 138.00 101 - 200 Horomona Kaikou 1 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/43 4897 20 0 0 20.00 100 or less Parore Te Awha 'of Mangawhare' 1 13 10 1866 W5274/110 35A/169 ML 6550-J ML 894 ML 9570 ML 187 268 0 0 268.00 201-300 Heremaia Te Ara 1 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/204 ML 3174

ML 2483 2 1 15 2.34 100 or less John Te Wharepapa, Kamira Te Kaka & 3 others 5 18 1 1878 W5274/171 96/221 ML 2163 ML 2315 9 3 0 9.75 100 or less Wi. Katene & Heta Te Haara 2 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/11 ML 8165 ML 7933 ML 178 1,164 0 0 1,164.00 1,001-2,000 W & H Hau & 6 others 7 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/207 ML 12265

ML 7464 ML 12693 ML 7933 ML 7870 ML 4467

ML 893 10 0 0 10.00 100 or less Taurau 1 23 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/248 ML 271-2 66 0 0 66.00 100 or less Watarau Makareta & Nga Koti 2 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/141

ML 138 ML 3584 ML 1165 219 0 0 219.00 201-300 Hokianga & 4 others 5 8 8 1871 W5274/157 82A/15 ML 250 104 0 0 104.00 101 - 200 Te Kooti Tuwharerangi & 6 others 7 28 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/78 ML 3532 ML 33 284 0 0 284.00 201-300 Maraihaua & 7 others 8 18 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/184 ML 384 ML 4893-A ML 1043 43 0 0 43.00 100 or less Henare Hirini & Hereora 2 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/115 ML 7933 ML 30 ML 11015 ML 2955-A ML 4609 ML 4963 ML 249 187 0 0 187.00 101 - 200 Te Wharetuhituhi 1 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/202 ML 863 28 0 0 28.00 100 or less Jane Boice 1 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/17 ML 5991-A ML 1471 69 2 0 69.50 100 or less Annabella Webster 1 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/238

ML 8626 ML 4484 ML 314 2,542 0 0 2,542.00 2,001-3,000 Hori Te Ngeri, Tamati Maru & Hori Riwhi 3 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/21 ML 2507 15 3 0 15.75 100 or less Ani Poto 1 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/151

319 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source Rukuai No. 1 Whangarei 19 November 1867 1867 1865-1874 40 0 0 40.00 ML Plan Rukuai No. 2 Whangarei 9 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 590 0 0 590.00 ML Plan Spithills Whangarei 2 September 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 9 3 24 9.90 ML Plan Sugar Loaf Rock Whangarei 11 November 1976 1976 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Tahaawai Hokianga 12 June 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 11 0 0 11.00 ML Plan Taheke Whangarei 20 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,810 0 0 3,810.00 ML Plan Tahuna Kuwaka Mahurangi 23 May 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Tahunakuaka Bay of Islands 20 October 1909 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 181 0 0 181.00 ML Plan Tahungaopuoro Bay of Islands 7 July 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 15 0 0 15.00 ML Plan Taiharuru [ML 3066] Hokianga 20 August 1874 1874 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 110 1 0 110.25 ML Plan Taiharuru [ML 4689A] Whangarei 27 September 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 414 0 0 414.00 ML Plan Taihoa Hokianga 7 November 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 223 1 30 223.44 ML Plan Taikapukapu Bay of Islands 3 September 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 104 0 0 104.00 ML Plan Taikarawa Hokianga 10 October 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 345 3 0 345.75 ML Plan Taikawhana Hokianga 3 September 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 60 0 0 60.00 ML Plan Taikawiwi Whangarei 16 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 100 0 0 100.00 ML Plan Taikoia Whangarei 4 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 206 0 0 206.00 ML Plan Taimimiti Bay of Islands 13 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 50 0 0 50.00 ML Plan Tainga No. 1 (Te) Bay of Islands 3 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3 3 25 3.91 ML Plan Tainga No. 2 (Te) Bay of Islands 26 March 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2 1 4 2.28 ML Plan Tainga No. 3 (Te) Bay of Islands 27 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4 1 20 4.38 ML Plan

Tairutu Hokianga 4 November 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 129 0 0 129.00 ML Plan Taiwhakapiki Hokianga 3 November 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4 0 0 4.00 ML Plan Taiwhatiwhati Hokianga 29 March 1882 1882 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 300 0 0 300.00 ML Plan Takahiwai Whangarei 30 September 1907 1902 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,676 0 0 1,676.00 ML Plan Takanga (Te) Hokianga 31 May 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,750 0 0 1,750.00 ML Plan Takanga No. 2 Hokianga 27 January 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 827 0 0 827.00 ML Plan Takangamohi Bay of Islands 3 February 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 11 1 17 11.36 ML Plan Takatohau Whangarei 5 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 100 0 0 100.00 ML Plan Taketahi (pt) Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown

Takou East Whangaroa 1 May 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,237 0 0 1,237.00 ML Plan Takou Island Whangaroa 4 May 1966 1966 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Tangakiri Bay of Islands 31 July 1930 1930 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4 0 18 4.11 ML Plan Tangatapu Bay of Islands 15 May 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 91 0 0 91.00 ML Plan Tangatapu Umupakeke Bay of Islands 23 February 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Tangihua Whangarei 25 February 1875, 22 February 1895 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 15,600 0 0 15,600.00 ML Plan

Tangitapu (pt) Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Tangotu (aka Tongatu) Whangarei 16 September 1871 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 13 0 0 13.00 ML Plan Tapapanui Bay of Islands 3 December 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,724 0 0 1,724.00 ML Plan Tapikitu Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 6 3 19 6.87 ML Plan Taporepore Bay of Islands 10 December 1920 1920 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 125 0 0 125.00 ML Plan Tapuaetahi Bay of Islands 25 March 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 38 0 0 38.00 ML Plan Tapuwae Hokianga 1882 1882 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 8,115 0 0 8,115.00 ML Plan Taraire (Te) Hokianga 11 February 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 30 1 0 30.25 ML Plan Taraire [ML 3431] Hokianga 11 February 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 915 0 0 915.00 ML Plan Taraire [ML 7345] Bay of Islands 31 March 1908 1908 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 6,030 0 0 6,030.00 ML Plan Tarakiekie No. 1 Whangarei 9 May 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,795 0 0 1,795.00 ML Plan Tarakiekie No. 2 Whangarei 7 May 1907 1907 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 128 0 0 128.00 ML Plan Tarakihi Bay of Islands 1 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan

320 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio ML 161-A 40 0 0 40.00 100 or less Papita 1 58A/99 ML 161-A 590 0 0 590.00 501-1,000 Hone Papita Takahanga 1 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/70 ML 320

ML 2511 11 0 0 11.00 100 or less Eruera Hira & 5 ors 6 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/155 ML 3721

ML 261 ML 714 15 0 0 15.00 100 or less Heta Te Haara, & Horomona Te Anga 2 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/2 ML 3066 110 1 0 110.25 101 - 200 John & Charles Bryers 2 12 1 1875 W5274/168 93A/94 ML 4689-A ML 3295 ML 259 104 0 0 104.00 101 - 200 Wepiha Pi & 3 others 4 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/199 ML 2018 ML 1113 60 0 0 60.00 100 or less Hori Kaiaka 1 24 10 1873 W5274/164 89A/240 ML 22 100 0 0 100.00 100 or less Tirarau 'of Te Wairoa' 1 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/39 ML 797 206 0 0 206.00 201-300 Te Puia & Parata Puariri 2 1 1 1870 W5274/143 68A/236 ML 807 50 0 0 50.00 100 or less Pekama Titari 1 8 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/217 ML 886 3 3 25 3.91 100 or less Tamati Pukututu 1 22 11 1869 W5274/140 65A/241 ML 1171 2 1 4 2.28 100 or less Pukututu & Wirikake 2 86A/118 ML 1942 4 1 20 4.38 100 or less T Pukututu & 3 others 4 24 8 1874 W5274/167 92A/8 Rikihana Toheroa, Tamaho Te Huhu, Rangatira ML 232 129 0 0 129.00 101 - 200 Moetara & Wi Tana Papahia 4 15 3 1867 W5274/113 38A/220 ML 962 4 0 0 4.00 100 or less Arama Karaka Te Hinaki & Kaipo 2 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/15 ML 3611-A ML 6810 ML 3282 ML 3585 ML 1168 11 1 17 11.36 100 or less Ana Kuku & Wi Raukawa 2 14 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/166 ML 702 100 0 0 100.00 100 or less Taurau & Te Rata 2 1 1 1870 W5274/143 68A/238 25 0 0 25.00 100 or less Aperahama Taonui 1 15 5 1877 W5274/170 95/178

ML 2578 1,237 0 0 1,237.00 1,001-2,000 Erueti Te Kowhai, Taneha Te Kowhai & 7 others 9 4 1 1876 W5274/169 94/63

ML 6648 ML 876 91 0 0 91.00 100 or less Tipene Ruwhenua & 4 others 5 31 3 1870 W5274/148 73A/162

ML 3131-B 15,600 0 0 15,600.00 More than 5,000 Tirarau Kukupa & Maraea Te Waiata 2 18 1 1878 W5274/171 96/212

10 3 2 10.76 100 or less Te Otene, Wiremu Patene & Mohi Whitingama 3 15 5 1877 W5274/170 95/79 ML 1044 13 0 0 13.00 100 or less Kereama Te Peke & 6 others 7 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/14 ML 245 1,724 0 0 1,724.00 1,001-2,000 Wiremu Te Tahua & 10 others 11 25 4 1867 W5274/117 42A/245 ML 12655 ML 7299 ML 1692 38 0 0 38.00 100 or less Kingi Hori Kira 1 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/97 ML 3649-A ML 6037 ML 3431 ML 7345 ML 4105 ML 8123 ML 415 10 0 0 10.00 100 or less W W Turau & 3 others 4 22 10 1867 W5274/127 52A/171

321 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source Taranaki and other islands Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Taranga (Hen Island) Whangarei 17 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,175 0 0 1,175.00 ML Plan Taranga Wahanui Whangarei 23 June 1885 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 22 2 36 22.73 ML Plan Taranui (Taraunui) Whangarei 22 December 1873 1873 1865-1874 34 0 0 34.00 ML Plan Tarata Whangarei 18 September 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 50 1 0 50.25 ML Plan Tarawapake Whangarei 22 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 36 0 0 36.00 ML Plan Tarawatuturiwhati Hokianga 11 February 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 0 3 38 0.99 ML Plan Tarewa Whangarei 5 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 29 0 0 29.00 ML Plan Tauaki Whangaroa 9 November 1899 1899 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 65 0 0 65.00 ML Plan Taukata Whangarei 10 November 1883 1883 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 116 3 38 116.99 ML Plan Taumaharau Bay of Islands 2 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 19 0 0 19.00 ML Plan Taumatahinau Bay of Islands 13 November 1885 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,195 0 0 1,195.00 ML Plan Taumatamakuku Bay of Islands 2 September 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 405 0 0 405.00 ML Plan Taumatamaukuku Bay of Islands 30 June 1911 1911 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 204 0 0 204.00 ML Plan Taumatapukapuka Bay of Islands 4 July 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 125 0 0 125.00 ML Plan Taumataroa Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 104 2 32 104.70 ML Plan

Taumatawiwi Hokianga 11 April 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 435 0 0 435.00 ML Plan Taupiri Bay of Islands 23 February 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 77 0 13 77.08 ML Plan Tauranga Whangarei 16 March 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 197 0 0 197.00 ML Plan Taurangakawau Bay of Islands 3 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 124 0 0 124.00 ML Plan

Taurangakotuku Whangarei 15 September 1871 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 50 0 0 50.00 ML Plan Tautahanga Bay of Islands 2 July 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,250 0 0 1,250.00 ML Plan Tautaranui Bay of Islands 23 January 1931 1931 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2 2 17 2.61 ML Plan Tautehere Hokianga 17 November 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 693 0 0 693.00 ML Plan Tauteihiihi Hokianga 25 January 1889 (Tauteihiihi 1), 29 January 1 1889 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Tauwhitu Hokianga 12 November 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 0 3 38 0.99 ML Plan Tawa (Te) Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 416 0 0 416.00 ML Plan Tawapuku (Te) [ML 184] Whangaroa 25 September 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 103 0 0 103.00 ML Plan Tawapuku [ML 7299] Bay of Islands 1 May 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 103 0 0 ML Plan / NLC CT Tawata Bay of Islands 29 July 1929 1929 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Tawera (Te) Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Tawharanui Mahurangi 20 March 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,260 0 0 1,260.00 ML Plan Tewha (Te) Hokianga 20 September 1915 1915 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan Ti (Te) Bay of Islands 1 October 1890 1890 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 702 0 0 702.00 ML Plan Tiakipara Bay of Islands 28 March 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 71 0 0 71.00 ML Plan Tiawhenua Whangarei 23 August 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 33 0 0 33.00 ML Plan Tihiputa Hokianga 16 March 1895 1895 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 10 0 0 10.00 ML Plan Tihitihi Whangarei 20 September 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,630 0 0 3,630.00 ML Plan Tii (Te): Mangonui and Tapuaetahi Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 930 0 0 930.00 ML Plan Tio (Te) Hokianga 17 June 1889 1889 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 870 0 0 870.00 ML Plan

Tipatipa Bay of Islands 1 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 323 0 0 323.00 ML Plan Tiringa (Te) Hokianga 20 September 1915 1915 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 6 2 0 6.50 ML Plan Tirohanga Bay of Islands 2 November 1928 1928 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown

Toa Toa Bay of Islands 30 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 304 3 30 304.94 ML Plan Toetoe Whangarei 14 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Toihoro Whangarei 26 February 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 87 0 0 87.00 ML Plan Toiroa (Te) Whangarei 6 February 1895 1895 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4,446 0 17 4,446.11 ML Plan Tokakopuru [ML 12653] Bay of Islands 16 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown

322 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio

ML 2106 1,175 0 0 1,175.00 1,001-2,000 Hoterene Tawatawa & Reupene Puni 2 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/147 ML 4857 ML 2325 34 0 0 34.00 100 or less Hohepa Mahanga & 7 others 8 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/172 ML 3571 ML 3743-1 ML 4427 ML 855 ML 6722 ML 4725-C ML 520 19 0 0 19.00 100 or less Hirini Keno 1 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/18 ML 5907 ML 395 405 0 0 405.00 401-500 Wiremu Pepene & 2 others 3 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/25 ML 944 204 0 0 204.00 201-300 Wi Raukawa & 3 others 4 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/13 ML 452 125 0 0 125.00 101 - 200 Kirimangu, Ruatara & 2 others 4 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/117 ML 9694 Tamaho Te Anga, Te Tai Papahia, Rangatira ML 95 435 0 0 435.00 401-500 Moetara & Te Tahana Marupo 4 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/153 ML 8418-1 ML 24 197 0 0 197.00 101 - 200 Hoki Whangawhanga 1 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/48 ML 273 124 0 0 124.00 101 - 200 Te Harawene & 3 others 4 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/135

ML 1297 50 0 0 50.00 100 or less Taurau Kukupa, Wi Rimi & Renata Manihera 3 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/13 ML 716 1,250 0 0 1,250.00 1,001-2,000 Wiremu Hongi Te Ripi 1 23 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/243 ML 9880 ML 3465

ML 2962 0 5 38 1.49 100 or less Mihaka Arapeti & 9 others 10 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/164 ML 193 ML 184 103 0 0 103.00 101 - 200 Pumipi Te Ruhi 1 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/205 ML 7299 / 1003

29 0 0 29.00 100 or less Taurau & Mohi Tuhi Te Uira 2 18 12 1869 W5274/143 68A/29 ML 1874 ML 7933 ML 12787 ML 630 71 0 0 71.00 100 or less Tamati Pukututu 1 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/114 ML 41 33 0 0 33.00 100 or less Hirini Tipene Pakia 1 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/177 ML 7933 ML 3492 ML 11277 ML 6201 10 1 0 10.25 100 or less Rawiri Muhi 1 15 5 1877 W5274/170 95/182 Honetana Te Kero, Wi Pepene, Henare T ML 628 323 0 0 323.00 301-400 Pomare 3 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/110 ML 7933

Henare Te Ngahuru, Rameka Te Niritata & 3 ML 2576 304 3 30 304.94 301-400 others 5 14 12 1875 W5274 R94/2

ML 3170 ML 6573

323 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source Tokakopuru [ML 2753] Bay of Islands 11 December 1878 1878 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 623 0 0 623.00 ML Plan Tokakopuru [ML 986] Bay of Islands 17 July 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 175 0 0 175.00 ML Plan Tokatapu Mahurangi 23 May 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Tokatarakihi Whangaroa 26 November 1878 1878 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 173 0 0 173.00 ML Plan Tokatoka Bay of Islands 3 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 19 0 0 19.00 ML Plan Tokatorea Hokianga 28 April 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2 2 0 2.50 ML Plan Tokawhero Whangarei 20 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,727 0 0 2,727.00 ML Plan Toke (Te) Bay of Islands 1 June 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 13 0 0 13.00 ML Plan Tokirikiri Whangarei 16 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 765 0 0 765.00 ML Plan Tokitaruna Whangarei 24 March 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Tokitoki Bay of Islands 26 August 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 65 0 0 65.00 ML Plan Tongariro Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 220 0 0 220.00 ML Plan Totara Whangaroa 25 November 1878 1878 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 5 2 30 5.69 ML Plan Totara (Te) [ML 12767] Hokianga 18 March 1940 1940 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 268 2 0 268.50 ML Plan

Totara (Te) [ML 2342] Whangarei 16 September 1871 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 36 0 0 36.00 ML Plan Totara (Te) [ML 522] Bay of Islands 7 February 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 77 0 0 77.00 ML Plan Totara (Te) [ML 960] Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown 100 0 0 100.00 ML Plan Toukauri Bay of Islands 16 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 20 0 0 20.00 ML Plan Touotekeene Hokianga 10 February 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 0 3 12 0.83 ML Plan Toutou Whangarei 18 January 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 405 0 0 405.00 ML Plan Toutouwai Whangarei 17 May 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 283 0 0 283.00 ML Plan Touwai (Te) [ML 6721] Whangaroa 23 April 1913 1913 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,480 0 0 3,480.00 ML Plan Touwai (Te) [ML 885] Hokianga 2 November 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 288 0 0 288.00 ML Plan Tuataranui Bay of Islands 23 November 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 12 3 0 12.75 ML Plan Tuateanui Whangarei 4 June 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 170 0 0 170.00 ML Plan Tuawhitu Whangarei 22 May 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 167 0 0 167.00 ML Plan Tuhuna Bay of Islands 22 June 1909 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,140 0 0 2,140.00 ML Plan Tukari Mahurangi 23 May 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Tukituki (Te) Hokianga 5 June 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 63 0 0 63.00 ML Plan Tukuwhenua Bay of Islands 14 January 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,721 0 0 2,721.00 ML Plan Tumahia Whangarei 6 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 195 0 0 ML Plan / NLC CT Tunapohepohe Whangaroa 1 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,360 0 0 2,360.00 ML Plan Tungutu Mahurangi 25 January 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 410 0 0 410.00 ML Plan Tuparehuia Bay of Islands 28 November 1972 1972 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2 0 0 2.00 ML Plan Tupou Bay of Islands 9 July 1934 1934 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 31 0 0 31.00 ML Plan Tupua (Te) Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 157 0 0 157.00 ML Plan Turakiawatia Whangarei 12 April 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 175 0 0 175.00 ML Plan Tureikura Bay of Islands 4 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,037 0 0 2,037.00 ML Plan Turiapua Whangarei 15 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 100 0 0 100.00 ML Plan Turipukunui Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 496 0 0 496.00 ML Plan Turuki (Te) Bay of Islands 1 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2 1 32 2.45 ML Plan Tutaematai Bay of Islands 4 October 1899 1899 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,552 0 0 2,552.00 ML Plan Tutaewhero Whangarei 12 February 1931 1931 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2 3 16 2.85 ML Plan Tuturu Whangarei 11 November 1976 1976 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Tuwhakino Bay of Islands 15 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,086 0 0 ML Plan / NLC CT Uakanga Bay of Islands 27 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 45 0 0 ML Plan / NLC CT Umuhapuku Bay of Islands 1 February 1869 1869 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 139 0 0 139.00 ML Plan Umupakeke Bay of Islands 1 December 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 17 0 0 17.00 ML Plan Umutakiura Bay of Islands 6 September 1929 1929 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 24 3 18 24.86 ML Plan Upokoturuki Bay of Islands 22 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 120 0 0 ML Plan / NLC CT Uruhua Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 18 0 0 18.00 ML Plan

324 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio ML 2753 ML 896 175 0 0 175.00 101 - 200 Joseph & Peter Tapia, Maru Omanaia 3 22 11 1869 W5274/140 65A/238

ML 4381 ML 492 19 0 0 19.00 100 or less Caroline Welsh 1 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/125 ML 4567 ML 3189 ML 434 13 0 0 13.00 100 or less Wiremu Waaka Turau 1 3 5 1869 W5274/136 61A/115 ML 267

ML 4468 ML 3605 ML 3309 ML 12767 Timoti Taungahuru, Tipene Huirua & Renata ML 2342 36 0 0 36.00 100 or less Manihera 3 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/24 ML 522 77 0 0 77.00 100 or less Wi Hongi Te Ripi 1 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/94 ML 960 100 0 0 100.00 100 or less Mohi Wirikake & 2 others 3 14 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/164 ML 2287 ML 4428 ML 3693 ML 351 ML 6721 ML 885 288 0 0 288.00 201-300 Te Keene & 3 others 4 1 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/16 ML 1917 12 3 0 12.75 100 or less Horihana Mauparaoa 1 23 11 1871 W5274/158 83A/152 ML 4331 ML 3206-A ML 7464

ML 2479 63 0 0 63.0000 100 or less Bridget Cassidy & others unclear 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/150 ML 3155 ML 856 / 268 195 0 0 195.00 101 - 200 Whare Te Puia & Mere Wharenikau 2 23 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/246 ML 3233-A ML 67 ML 6400 ML 12685 ML 50 157 0 0 157.00 101 - 200 Hari Tipene 'of Waikaraka' 1 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/46 ML 17 ML 329 1,969 0 0 1,969.00 1,001-2,000 Hone Taotahi 1 1 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/143 ML 163 100 0 0 100.00 100 or less Wiremu Pohe 1 21 9 1867 W5274/126 51A/43 ML 3671 ML 721 2 1 32 2.45 100 or less Hoterene Tawatawa & 9 others 10 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/99 ML 6709 ML 12683

ML 2624 / 827 1,086 0 0 1,086.00 1,001-2,000 Heta Te Haara 1 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/175 ML 2316 / 826 45 0 0 45.00 100 or less Maihi Paraone Kawhiti & 8 others 9 23 10 1874 W5274/168 93A/72 ML 880 139 0 0 139.00 101 - 200 Tamaki Hapimana 1 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/116 ML 1130 17 0 0 17.00 100 or less Te Aputahi 1 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/112 ML 12659 ML 175 / 1025 120 0 0 120.00 101 - 200 Haki Taipa, Heta Tuhirangi & Marupo 3 17 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/58 ML 1056 18 0 0 18.00 100 or less Kahi Te Hura 1 14 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/167

325 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source Urupa Bay of Islands 1 December 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 311 0 0 311.00 ML Plan Urupukapuka Bay of Islands 23 February 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 514 0 0 514.00 ML Plan Utakura Hokianga 28 January 1896 1896 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 8,400 0 0 8,400.00 ML Plan Uwhango Hokianga 8 February 1912 1912 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 5 0 0 5.00 ML Plan Uwhi No. 1 Bay of Islands 1 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 15 0 0 15.00 ML Plan

Uwhi No. 2 Bay of Islands 2 February 1869 1869 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 259 0 0 259.00 ML Plan Waerekahakaha Whangarei 21 May 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,520 0 0 2,520.00 ML Plan Waerengaatua Bay of Islands 2 August 1909 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Waewaetorea Bay of Islands 9 April 1901 1901 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 115 0 0 115.00 ML Plan Wahamarangai [ML 100] Hokianga 6 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2 0 16 2.10 ML Plan

Wahamarangai [ML 94A] Bay of Islands 6 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 441 0 0 441.00 ML Plan Wahamarangi Hokianga 24 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 2 0 16 NLC CT Wahitapu (Te) No. 2 Bay of Islands 12 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 0 3 15 0.84 ML Plan

Waianga Hokianga 2 November 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 12 0 0 12.00 ML Plan Waiariki No. 1 Whangarei 16 September 1871 1871 1865-1874 11 0 0 NLC CT Waiariki No. 2 Whangarei 16 September 1871 1871 1865-1874 19 2 20 NLC CT Waiaruhe [ML 2304] Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown 2,865 0 0 2,865.00 ML Plan Waiaruhe [ML 5669] Whangarei 11 February 1895 1895 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,121 0 0 1,121.00 ML Plan Waihaha Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown 1,135 0 0 1,135.00 ML Plan Waihapa Whangaroa 7 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4,723 0 0 4,723.00 ML Plan Waiharakeke Whangarei 7 February 1882 1882 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 15 0 0 15.00 ML Plan Waihirehe Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 98 0 0 98.00 ML Plan Waihoanga No. 1 [ML 3145A] Bay of Islands 1 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,380 0 0 1,380.00 ML Plan Waihoanga No. 2 [ML 3276] Bay of Islands 19 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 480 0 0 480.00 ML Plan Waihoanga No. 2 [ML 4615] Whangarei 5 November 1883 1883 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 255 0 0 255.00 ML Plan Waihoanga No. 1 [ML 4334] Whangarei 4 June 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 384 1 27 384.42 ML Plan Waihou Whangaroa 7 November 1900 1900 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 7,900 0 0 7,900.00 ML Plan Waihou Lower A Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown 6,214 2 3 6,214.52 ML Plan Waihou Lower B Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown 618 0 0 618.00 ML Plan Waihou Lower C Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 616 2 34 616.71 ML Plan Waihou Lower D Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown 1,100 0 0 1,100.00 ML Plan Waiiti No. 2 Whangarei 5 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 23 0 0 23.00 ML Plan Waiiti No. 1 Whangarei 22 August 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 71 0 30 71.19 ML Plan Waikahikatea Bay of Islands 3 February 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 24 0 0 24.00 ML Plan Waikaraka Whangarei 23 December 1909 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 82 0 0 82.00 ML Plan

Waikaramihia Bay of Islands 18 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 168 0 0 168.00 ML Plan

Waikare [ML 2017] Hokianga 26 June 1871 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 435 3 0 435.75 ML Plan Waikare [ML 7260A] Bay of Islands 5 September 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 9,437 0 0 9,437.00 ML Plan Waikariri Whangarei 26 November 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 180 0 0 180.00 ML Plan Waikaukau (aka Parutahi No.2) Bay of Islands 16 February 1883 1883 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3 3 0 3.75 ML Plan Waikawau Whangarei 15 September 1871 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 30 0 0 30.00 ML Plan Waikino Bay of Islands 12 January 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 779 0 0 779.00 ML Plan Waiko (Te) Whangarei 5 April 1882 1882 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 848 0 0 848.00 ML Plan Waikohu Bay of Islands 2 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 154 0 0 154.00 ML Plan Waikokopu Bay of Islands 29 September 1900 1900 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,151 0 0 1,151.00 ML Plan Waikoropupu Whangaroa 5 February 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 8,256 0 7 8,256.04 ML Plan Waikotihe Bay of Islands 15 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 5 1 25 5.41 ML Plan

326 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio ML 283 311 0 0 311.00 301-400 A K Pi & 6 others 7 28 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/80 ML 7113 ML 6562 ML 7933 ML 718 15 0 0 15.00 100 or less John Shoemaker 1 18 12 1869 W5274/143 68A/31 John Shoemaker, JS Tiwaewae & Wata ML 965 259 0 0 259.00 201-300 Shoemaker 3 31 3 1870 W5274/148 73A/164 ML 2939

ML 6670 ML 100 2 0 16 2.10 100 or less T W Nene & W W Turau 2 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/36 T W Nene, W W Turau, Rawiri Te Whare, Te ML 94-A 565 0 0 565.00 501-1,000 Poari Whatarua & 3 0rs 7 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/169 331 441 0 0 441.00 401-500 T W Nene & W W Turau & 5 others 7 29 1 1877 ML 1988 0 3 15 0.84 100 or less Hemi Tautari 1 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/20

ML 222 12 0 0 12.00 100 or less Rangatira Moetara, Tahana Matrupo & 2 others 4 15 3 1867 W5274/113 38A/221 292 11 0 0 11.00 100 or less Renata & Raumanga Manihera 2 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/18 293 19 2 20 19.63 100 or less Renata & Raumanga Manihera 2 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/19 ML 3203 ML 6569 ML 8645 ML 3317 ML 5377 ML 391 ML 3145-A ML 3276 ML 4615 ML 4334 ML 6590 ML 7862 ML 7718_1 ML 7718_1 ML 7718_2 ML 700 23 0 0 23.00 100 or less Wiremu Rini 1 28 6 1870 W5274/148 73A/244 ML 37 63 3 30 63.94 100 or less Wiremu Te Rimi 1 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/170 ML 1164 24 0 0 24.00 100 or less Heta Te Haara & Pirini Te Riwha 2 14 11 1870 W5274/152 77A/169 ML 31

ML 2054 168 0 0 168.00 101 - 200 Hone Tautahi, Heta Pakaraka, Repena & 4 ors 7 31 10 1872 W5274/162 87A/14 Rikihana Toheroa, Petera Pauro, Hemi Tiki & 5 ML 2017 435 3 0 435.75 401-500 ors 7 13 7 1872 W5274/160 85A/75 ML 7260-A ML 852 180 0 0 180.00 101 - 200 Rawiri Te Hinu & 9 others 10 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/168 ML 4990 ML 1003 30 0 0 30.00 100 or less Horomona Kaihou 1 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/20 ML 4662 ML 4812 ML 3153 ML 6611 ML 4257 ML 2477 5 1 25 5.41 100 or less Kohu Maru & Piripi Poti 2 12 1 1875 W5274/168 93A/95

327 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source Waikukupa Whangaroa 7 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,114 0 0 1,114.00 ML Plan Waima North Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Waima South Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Waimahanga Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown 314 0 0 314.00 ML Plan Waimahutahuta Bay of Islands 19 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 178 0 0 178.00 ML Plan Waimangaro Bay of Islands 2 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 193 0 0 193.00 ML Plan Waimatanui 25 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4,260 0 0 NLC CT Waimimiti Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,138 0 0 1,138.00 ML Plan Wainui Whangaroa 27 October 1869 1869 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,418 0 0 1,418.00 ML Plan Wainui Island Bay of Islands 1 December 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2 0 0 2.00 ML Plan Waiorakau (Te) Bay of Islands 2 September 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 12 3 16 12.85 ML Plan Waipapa Whangarei 19 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 113 1 28 113.43 ML Plan Waiparaheka Bay of Islands 25 October 1887 1887 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 86 2 0 86.50 ML Plan Waiparara Bay of Islands 4 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 29 0 0 29.00 ML Plan Waiparera [ML 3808] Whangarei 14 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,743 0 0 2,743.00 ML Plan Waiparera [ML 657] Hokianga 13 November 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 15 0 0 15.00 ML Plan Waipiu (Te) Whangarei 10 November 1883 1883 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 76 2 0 76.50 ML Plan Waipo/Waerou Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown 49 0 0 49.00 ML Plan Waipuna [ML 225] Bay of Islands 4 July 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 146 0 0 146.00 ML Plan Waipuna [ML 600] Bay of Islands 2 September 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 382 2 0 382.50 ML Plan Waipuna No. 1 [ML 963A] Whangarei 5 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 56 0 0 56.00 ML Plan Waipuna No. 2 [ML 963A] Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 43 0 0 43.00 ML Plan Wairahi (Te) Whangarei 2 September 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,751 0 0 1,751.00 ML Plan Wairaupo Whangaroa 14 July 1898 1898 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 32 0 0 32.00 ML Plan Waireia Hokianga 17 March 1913 1913 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4,429 0 0 4,429.00 ML Plan Wairenga Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 32 2 32 32.70 SO Plan Wairenga No. 1 (pt) Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Wairenga No. 2 (pt) Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Wairere Hokianga 13 September 1897 1897 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Wairoa Hokianga 23 June 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,630 0 0 3,630.00 ML Plan Wairoa No. 2 Hokianga 20 November 1873 1873 1865-1874 236 0 20 NLC CT Wairua Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 27,800 0 0 27,800.00 ML Plan

Waitaha [ML 2016] Hokianga 26 June 1871 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 344 2 0 344.50 ML Plan Waitaha [ML 4409] Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 16 2 24 16.65 ML Plan Waitaheke Bay of Islands 25 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 82 0 0 ML Plan / NLC CT Waitaiki Whangarei 17 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 115 0 0 115.00 ML Plan Waitangio Whangaroa 7 September 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4 0 0 4.00 ML Plan Waitapu [ML 3181] Whangaroa Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 783 0 0 783.00 ML Plan Waitapu [ML 866] Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 15 2 25 15.66 ML Plan Waitaraire (Te) Bay of Islands 2 April 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 130 0 0 130.00 ML Plan Waitaraiti Bay of Islands 3 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 37 0 0 37.00 ML Plan Waitarata Mahurangi 23 May 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Waitaroto Bay of Islands 3 July 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 7,590 0 0 7,590.00 ML Plan Waitata Bay of Islands 2 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 25 0 0 25.00 ML Plan Waitemaringi Bay of Islands 10 August 1871 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 335 0 0 335.00 ML Plan Waiteuku Whangarei 18 September 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 84 1 0 84.25 ML Plan Waitomotomo Whangarei 16 August 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 8,945 0 0 8,945.00 ML Plan Waiwarawara Whangarei 18 September 1871 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,243 0 0 1,243.00 ML Plan Waiwhariki Bay of Islands 28 March 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 868 0 0 868.00 ML Plan Waiwhatawhata Hokianga 10 October 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,114 0 0 2,114.00 ML Plan Warawara Hokianga 25 January 1879 1879 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 404 0 0 404.00 ML Plan

328 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio ML 3312

ML 2341 277 0 0 277.00 201-300 Hira Tauru, Hirawani & Hone Puriri 3 7 9 1872 W5274/161 86A/212 ML 3281 ML 211 193 0 0 193.00 101 - 200 Koniria & 5 others 6 30 3 1867 W5274/114 39A/134 3894 ML 5702 ML 260 1,355 0 0 1,355.00 1,001-2,000 Hone Ritotahi & 9 others 10 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/102 ML 292 4 0 0 4.00 100 or less Tango Hikuwai 1 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/151 ML 319 ML 3935 ML 3680 ML 583 29 0 0 29.00 100 or less Hone Papita, Hohepa Mahanga & Kamiro 3 21 1 1870 W5274/144 69A/98 ML 3808 ML 657 15 0 0 15.00 100 or less Piripi Patiki 1 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/69 ML 5572 ML 6014 ML 225 146 0 0 146.00 101 - 200 Hetaraka & Pene Te Whareoneone 2 23 7 1869 W5274/137 62A/245 ML 600 379 0 0 379.00 301-400 Tamihana Ngawaka & Hone Paraone 2 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/24 ML 963-A 56 0 0 56.00 100 or less Harieta Herekino & Pita Hawaiki 2 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/165 ML 963-A 13 0 0 13.00 100 or less Eru Toenga, Hona Te Hora & 3 others 5 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/166 ML 315 1,751 0 0 1,751.00 1,001-2,000 Ihapera Te Hinurere & 4 others 5 18 3 1868 W5274/132 57A/18 ML 4482 ML 8385 SO 6008 25 3 0 25.75 100 or less Te Tahia 1 15 5 1877 W5274/170 95/185 7 2 0 7.50 100 or less Te Korapu 1 15 5 1877

ML 9188 1106 236 0 20 236.13 201-300 Hamihana, Mihaka Hongi & 3 others 5 18 9 1876 W5274/170 95/77 ML 3098-A 27,800 0 0 27,800.00 More than 5,000 Kawiti 1 ? Wi Haki Tara, Atama Paparangi, Hikiera ML 2016 344 0 0 344.00 301-400 Tamaho & 6 ors 9 13 7 1872 W5274/160 85A/74 ML 4409 ML 3493 / 3321 ML 51 115 0 0 115.00 101 - 200 Hata Kingi Tahui & Mohi Tarore 2 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/44 ML 215 4 0 0 4.00 100 or less Ruingatapu 1 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/211 ML 3181 ML 866 ML 379 130 0 0 130.00 101 - 200 Te Whare Tuhituhi 1 19 8 1867 W5274/124 49A/119 ML 272 37 0 0 37.00 100 or less Waraki & 3 others 4 8 8 1867 W5274/123 48A/187

ML 201 7,590 0 0 7,590.00 More than 5,000 Eru Patuone, Tamti Waka Nene & 5 others 7 10 10 1867 W5274/127 52A/142 ML 378 ML 291 335 0 0 335.00 301-400 Te Atamira & 2 others 3 8 8 1871 W5274/157 82A/14 ML 3571 ML 4469-A ML 2635 1,243 0 0 1,243.00 1,001-2,000 Hona Te Horo & 4 others 5 20 2 1874 W5274/165 90A/167 ML 1533-A 868 0 0 868.00 501-1,000 Kahi Whiti, Pene Taui & 8 others 10 8 8 1871 W5274/157 82A/12 ML 2013 ML 3395

329 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source Wawa Bay of Islands 4 June 1909 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Weri (Te) Bay of Islands 4 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 3 1 37 NLC CT Werowero Bay of Islands 7 July 1896 1896 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 269 0 27 269.17 ML Plan Whakaaho Hokianga 13 June 1872 1872 1865-1874 9 2 0 NLC CT Whakaaho No.2 Hokianga 10 November 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 5 1 30 5.44 ML Plan Whakaau Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4 0 0 4.00 ML Plan Whakahewa Whangarei September 1877 1877 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 71 0 0 71.00 ML Plan Whakaihunui Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 198 0 0 198.00 ML Plan Whakakoro Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Whakanekeneke Bay of Islands 28 February 1898 1898 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,870 0 0 1,870.00 ML Plan Whakapae Whangarei 6 February 1882 1882 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown

Whakapakara Bay of Islands 15 August 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 80 0 0 80.00 ML Plan Whakaparapara Whangarei 23 February 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 113 0 0 113.00 ML Plan Whakarapa Hokianga Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 6,651 0 0 6,651.00 ML Plan Whakarara Whangaroa 3 September 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3,485 0 0 3,485.00 ML Plan Whakarawerua Hokianga 27 June 1881 1881 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,450 0 0 1,450.00 ML Plan Whakarongorua Bay of Islands 6 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,620 0 0 1,620.00 ML Plan Whakataha Bay of Islands 13 February 1901 1901 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,412 0 0 1,412.00 ML Plan Whakatahataha Hokianga 5 May 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 294 0 0 294.00 ML Plan Whakatere-Manawakaiaia Hokianga March 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 11,828 0 0 11,828.00 ML Plan Whakaterewhenua Hokianga 2 November 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 158 0 0 158.00 ML Plan Whakateterekia Whangaroa 1 November 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 22 0 0 22.00 ML Plan Whangaihe Whangaroa 19 October 1905 1905 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 565 0 0 565.00 ML Plan Whangaimokopuna Whangarei 18 August 1880 1880 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,089 0 0 2,089.00 ML Plan Whangaitini Whangarei 22 February 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 145 0 0 145.00 ML Plan Whangamumu Bay of Islands Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Whanganamu Hokianga 9 March 1943 1943 After 1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1 2 33 1.71 ML Plan Whangaroa Ngaiotonga No.4 Bay of Islands 14 October 1909 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4,404 1 0 4,404.25 ML Plan Whangaruru-Whakaturia Bay of Islands 16 October 1909 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,340 0 0 1,340.00 ML Plan Whanui Hokianga 17 July 1912 1912 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 179 2 0 179.50 ML Plan Whapukapirau Bay of Islands 1 April 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 47 0 0 47.00 ML Plan Whara Bay of Islands 3 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 6 0 0 ML Plan / NLC CT Wharau (Te) [ML 2246] Bay of Islands 19 January 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 3 3 0 3.75 ML Plan Wharau (Te) [ML 276] Bay of Islands 4 December 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 173 0 0 173.00 ML Plan Wharau (Te) [ML 992] Bay of Islands 1 February 1869 1869 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 54 1 0 NLC CT Wharau [ML 13621] Hokianga 26 February 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Wharauroa (Te) Whangarei 21 August 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 37 0 0 ML Plan / NLC CT Wharawhara (Te) Bay of Islands 16 February 1883 1886 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 6 0 0 6.00 ML Plan Wharemarama No. 2 Bay of Islands 16 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 4 3 35 4.97 ML Plan Wharengaere Bay of Islands 2 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 401 0 0 401.00 ML Plan Whareora Whangarei Unknown Unknown Unknown SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Wharepoke Bay of Islands 28 June 1909 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,770 0 0 2,770.00 ML Plan Wharerama (Te) Whangarei 22 May 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 300 0 0 300.00 ML Plan Wharerimu Bay of Islands 22 August 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 159 0 0 159.00 ML Plan Wharewera Whangarei 16 September 1871 1871 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 75 0 0 75.00 ML Plan Wharikiriki Hokianga 7 November 1900 1900 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 348 1 28 348.43 ML Plan Wharoro Whangarei 7 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 839 0 0 839.00 ML Plan Wharowharo Whangarei 10 March 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 117 0 0 117.00 ML Plan Wharowharo No. 2 Whangarei 17 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 43 0 0 43.00 ML Plan Whataipu [ML 3279] Bay of Islands 31 May 1875 1875 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,716 0 0 2,716.00 ML Plan Whataipu [ML 4752] Hokianga 9 April 1885 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 286 1 22 286.39 ML Plan

330 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio

854 3 1 37 3.48 100 or less Hari Wiritake 1 87A/159 ML 6584 417 9 2 0 9.50 100 or less Tahoke Wawe, Mere Kaiariki & 5 others 7 12 6 1873 W5274/163 88A/159 ML 3291 ML 7933 ML 3201 ML 1454

ML 6681

Mohi Paka, Paratene Te Manu & Hori ML 1221 80 0 0 80.00 100 or less Wehiwehi 3 8 8 1871 W5274/157 82A/13 ML 3255 ML 7266 ML 240-B 3,485 0 0 3,485.00 3,001-4,000 Hori Kingi Kira & 3 others 4 22 11 1866 W5274/110 35A/200 ML 2303 ML 3245 ML 6785 ML 4408 ML 357-B ML 296 158 0 0 158.00 101 - 200 George Bryers 'a half Caste' 1 15 3 1867 W5274/113 38A/226 ML 405 22 0 0 22.00 100 or less Tamati Waka Nene, W W Turau & 4 others 6 18 3 1868 W5274/133 58A/71 ML 6802 ML 4892 ML 2523

ML 13149 ML 6803 ML 6809 ML 7449 ML 1646 ML 293 / 973 6 0 0 6.00 100 or less Wi & Hamiora Hau & 6 others 8 3 9 1867 W5274/126 51A/39 ML 2246 3 3 0 3.75 100 or less Winana 1 39A/13 ML 276 173 0 0 173.00 101 - 200 Matiu Te Aranui & 3 others 4 2 4 1867 W5274/114 39A/154 890 54 1 0 54.25 100 or less Maihi Paraone Kawhiti 1 9 5 1870 W5274/148 73A/180

ML 2341-A / 232 37 0 0 37.00 100 or less Wiremu Pohe 1 8 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/175 ML 5260 ML 3439 ML 427 401 0 0 401.00 401-500 Te Tari & 6 others 7 4 6 1867 W5274/121 46A/130

ML 7314 ML 3204 ML 325 ML 2294 75 0 0 75.00 100 or less Rimi Te Pona, Ren. Manihera & Mere Reti 3 25 6 1872 W5274/160 85A/26 ML 6579 ML 3172-A ML 20-A ML 54 43 0 0 43.00 100 or less Renata Manihera 1 7 5 1866 W 5274/108 33A/42 ML 3279 ML 4752

331 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Title Decision Size of block Block Name Sub-region Date Year Time period Source A R P A_dec Source Whataipu [ML 5082] Bay of Islands 30 April 1885 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 66 0 0 66.00 ML Plan Whatakai Whangarei 19 September 1876 1876 1875-1880 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 977 0 0 977.00 ML Plan Whatitiri [ML 1367] Bay of Islands 26 March 1870 1870 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 47 0 0 47.00 ML Plan Whatitiri [ML 6550] Whangarei 18 February 1895 1895 1890-1899 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) Unknown Whauwhau Pounamu Whangarei 17 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 49 0 0 49.00 ML Plan Whawharu Hokianga 13 April 1885 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,722 0 0 1,722.00 ML Plan Wheorooro Hokianga 2 November 1868 1868 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 136 0 0 136.00 ML Plan Whingingi Hokianga 4 June 1872 1872 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 0 0 18 ML Plan / NLC CT Whirinaki Hokianga 9 December 1885 1885 1880-1889 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 2,630 0 0 2,630.00 ML Plan Whitingaramarama Whangarei 5 Dec 1865 1865 1865-1874 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 56 0 0 56.00 ML Plan Wiroa Bay of Islands 5 June 1909 1909 1900-1920 SOPAC_#3.1.2(c) 1,218 2 0 1,218.50 ML Plan

332 Appendix E: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown Grant Data

Granted area (acres) Date of Crown Grant Source Reference A R P Dec_A Size range Name(s) of grantee(s) No. grantees d m year ABWN 8090 file Register/folio ML 5082 ML 3582 ML 1367 47 0 0 47.00 100 or less Tipene Ruwhenua & 6 others 7 25 4 1871 W5274/155 80A/117

ML 350 ML 4751 ML 889 136 0 0 136.00 101 - 200 Matiu Tio & 8 others 9 22 11 1869 W5274/140 65A/223 ML 2484 / 467 0 0 18 0.11 100 or less Te Rangitahi, Pipo & 2 others 4 18 1 1878 W5274/171 96/222 ML 5982-A ML 36 56 0 0 56.00 100 or less Hake Peru & 5 others 6 18 12 1865 W 5274/106 31A/186 ML 6816

333 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS ? Succession 23 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 270 ?? Confirmation of alienation 18 Feb, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 95-98|120-121 aaa Missing Pages? 1882 1882 1881-1889 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.05 184-? AAA Pages illegible 10 Oct, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Helensville Kaipara MB No.07 167 AAA pages missing 27 June, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Tukapoto Kaipara MB No.01 20-24 AAA Pages missing 25 Jan, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Auckland Kaipara MB No.06 281 AAA Pages missing Unknown Whangarei MB No.01 8-9 AAA pages missing 10 Nov, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 355-356 AAA Pages missing Unknown Kawakawa Northern MB No.11 53-54 AAA pages missing Title investigation , 1882 1882 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.05 73-75 Ahikiwi 1000 Title investigation 20 February, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Te Tanoa, Otamatea Kaipara MB No.02 59 Ahipukahu No.1|Rawhina? No.2|Tawahinga No.1B|Hapu..kahu? Confirmation of alienation 4 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 154 Ahitaha Waikainga 584 Title investigation 31 August, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 15 Ahuahu 128 Title investigation 03 November, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.23 184-188 1-29|31-48|50-70|83-89|95- Ahuahu 128 Title investigation 04 November, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.24 96|106-107|117 Ahukaroro 8 Title investigation 25 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 32 Akitone? No.1 1 Title investigation 10 Dec, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 372 Angiangi see Pipiwai No.2 Unknown Whangarei MB No.08 Aoroa 13839 Title investigation 7 July, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 265 Aoroa 16838 Partition 17 August, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 29 Aoroa No.1 Title investigation 20 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 169 Aoroa No.1|Aoroa No.2 131? Title investigation 22 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 215 Aoroa No.3 Title investigation 3 August, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 189 Aoroa No.5 see also Waira|Waira see also Aoroa No.5 . . Unknown . . Aotea 6131 Title investigation 12 Mar, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.03 236 Aputerewa? 708 Partition 22 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Northern MB No.18 331-332 Arakiore No.2 4801?? Title investigation 20 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 163 Arawhakapekapeka Confirmation of alienation 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 127 Arawhatatotara 4116 Title investigation 02 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.02 33-39 Arawhatatotara No.1 2019 Title investigation 07 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.02 64 Arawhatatotara No.2 2097 Title investigation 13 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 269-298 Aukumeroa 3067 Title investigation 15 Sept, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 144 Aukumeroa No.2 1675 Title investigation 30 May, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 229 Awaawaroa 900 Title investigation 3 Apr, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 141-142 Awakahawai No.2 Appeal|Confirmation of aliena5 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 162|265|299-301 Awapuku No.3|Awapuku No.4 6|94 Title investigation 02 March, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 112-113 Awaroa Partition? 30 Jul, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Ahipara Northern MB No.09 339-340|342-343|344|354-358 Awaroa No.1A 9301 Partition 19 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 50-53 Awaroa No.1A2 1458 Partition 23 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 64-66 Awaroa No.2 ? 20 Mar, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.07 15 Awaroa No.2A 3801 Partition 19 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 48-50 Awaroa No.2A2 1075 Partition 31 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 90-92|95 Awarua 8100 Title investigation 08 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.02 67-68 Awhitu Parish Lot 114|Awhitu Parish Lot 116|Awhitu Parish Lot 117 Confirmation of alienation 27 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 159-160

Awhitu Parish Lot 116|Awhitu Parish Lot 117 200 Confirmation of alienation 2 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 39-40 Awhitu? Parish Lot 114 (Part of) Removal of restrictions 26 Feb, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 27 California see also Kareponia Unknown Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 Cambridge East Lots 35-39 Confirmation of alienation? 9 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 115|116 Court business Title investigation 17 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 151 Court business 10 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 157

334 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Court business 09 September, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.05 140 Court business ?? 15 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 106 Court business 15 May, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 50-51 Court business 22 Feb, 1895 ? 1895? 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 324-326 Epakauri 1600 Sale 10 March, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 191 Epakauri 1600 Title investigation 2 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 184-210 Epakauri|Tauroa|Orowhana 600|10570|656Title investigation 05 March, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 142- Epurua? Succession 26 Sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.28 138-140 Grahamstown Sections Succession 6 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 32 Grahamstown Sections Succession 10 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 44 Grahamstown Sections Succession 11 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 53 Hamilton, Town of Lot 98 Confirmation of alienation 11 Nov, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 110-111 Hanekau 1164 Title investigation 18 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 160 Hanekau Partition 30 August, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.05 134 Hanekau B Confirmation of alienation 12 July, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Helensville Whangarei MB No.07 157 Hanekau? (Hauekau?) Appeal|Partition 10 Jan, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 215-223|230-238 Hapairua 20 Title investigation 18 August, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 35 Hapairua Title investigation 21 August, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 54 Hapairua 20 Partition 7 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 222-223 Harekau B Confirmation of alienation 6 Oct, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 151 Hariru Title investigation 27 Oct, 1887 1888 1881-1889 Waimate Northern MB No.08 385-402 Hariru Title investigation 5 Nov, 1887 1887 1881-1889 Waimate Northern MB No.09 8-11|31|55 Haroui? Confirmation of alienation 30 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 186 Hatoi Title investigation 4 April, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Maungawetere, Wairoa Kaipara MB No.02 24 Hatoi No.1 268 Title investigation 17 Dec, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 241 Hauhau Pounamu 119 Title investigation 17 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 9 Hauhau Pounamu 49 Partition 24 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 137-138 Hauhau Pounamu 7? Title investigation 14 Oct, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 150 Hautapu 147 Title investigation 4 April, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Maungawetere, Wairoa Kaipara MB No.02 21 Hautapu 118 Title investigation 14 Jan, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Kawakawa Northern MB No.06 248 Hauturu 6960 Title investigation 03 July, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 300 Hauturu 6960 Title investigation 16 July, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 388 Hauturu Title investigation 17 July, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 397 Hauturu Rehearing 07 May,1881 1881 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 402 Hauturu 6960 Rehearing 04 June, 1881 1881 1881-1889 Auckland Kaipara MB No.04 75 Hauturu 6960 Rehearing 01 February, 1884 1884 1881-1889 Auckland Kaipara MB No.04 162 Hauturu Title investigation 05 October, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Auckland Kaipara MB No.04 354 Hauturu Rehearing? 07 October, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Auckland Kaipara MB No.05 1 Hauturu Relative interests|Equitable o 06 October, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Auckland Kaipara MB No.06 43 Hauturu Relative interests|Partition 07 October, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Auckland Kaipara MB No.06 46 Hauturu Relative interests|Partition 27 September, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.23 17-21 Hauturu 151 Title investigation 15 March, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Ahipara Northern MB No.01 32 Hauturu Partition 16 Apr, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.04 299-300 Hauturu Relative interests|Appeal 17 Nov, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 260-261 Hauturu 6960 Relative interests 25 May, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.05 66-88 Hauturu|Waimanoni|Matarau Succession 14 Apr, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.04 286-288 Hen Island see Taranga Unknown Hihiana Title investigation 15 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 106 Hikurangi 500 Title investigation 21 July, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 36|37 Hikutaia No.1B Removal of Restrictions 11 Nov, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 119 Hinahina Confirmation of alienation 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 135 Hoahoaina 56 Title investigation 07 September, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 18|19 Hokianga Town Lots 85-90 confirmation of alienation 25 July, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.28 129 Hokowaiti 206 Title investigation 6 July, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 263 Honohere 197 Title investigation 13 Feb, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Kawakawa Northern MB No.06 317

335 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Hopekako 79 Title investigation 27 October, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 52 Hopekako? Title investigation 21 July, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 41 Horahora No.1 Title investigation 6 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 69 Horahora No.1 1986 Partition 15 Oct, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 42-45 Horahora No.1|Horahora No.2 1986, 1336 Title investigation 21 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 219 Horahora No.2 403 Title investigation 5 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 52 Horahora No.2 403 Title investigation 15 Sept, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 76 Horahora No.2 1336 Partition 30 Sept, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 5 Horehore 1732 Title investigation 24 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 24 Horotiu 826 Title investigation 15 Mar, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Rawene Northern MB No.06 370 28-56|81-82|115-117|121- Horotiu Title investigation 26 Mar, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.07 127|135-136 Hoteo Title investigation 16 August, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 67 Hoteo 41400 Title investigation 10 January, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 117 Houhoura Title investigation 13 July, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Ahipara Northern MB No.01 1 Houkotuku see Kaihu No.1 Unknown Kaipara MB No.04 Hounga 685? Title investigation 4 September, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Maungawetere, Wairoa Kaipara MB No.02 8 Huanui 297 Title investigation 16 Sept, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 90 Huarau 100 Title investigation 8 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 153 Huarau 100 Title investigation 20 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 161 Huarau 21 Title investigation 26 Apr, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Kawakawa Northern MB No.06 34 Huiarau 21 Title investigation 15 Jan, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.06 251? Huiarau 21 Title investigation 3 Mar, 1890 1890 1890-1899 Taumarere Northern MB No.10 132-135|137-147 Hukatere 10410 Title investigation 8 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 154 Hukatere 10410 Title investigation 20 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 158 Hukatere 10410 Partition 26 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 286 Hukatue..? Block II Sec.9 Confirmation of alienation 25 Feb, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 33 Hungahungatoroa 962 Title investigation 3 Feb, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 175 Hungahungatoroa Partition 03 July, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 298 Hungahungatoroa Partition 13 May, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 361 Hurapaki 362 Title investigation 27 Nov, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 115 Hurapaki 362 Partition 24 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 135|139 Hurapaki Partition 10 Dec, 1890 1890 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 178-180 Hurapaki Partition 7 May, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 181-186 Hurapaki No.1 Partition 24 June, 1887 1887 1881-1889 Kaipara Whangarei MB No.03 145-146 Huruata 10 Title investigation 07 September, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 17|18 Huruhi Succession 16 Aug, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 37-38|66 Huruhi Succession 16 Aug, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 41-42 Huruhi Partition 18 Aug, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 63-66 Ihumatao 205 Title investigation 20 February, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Te Tanoa, Otamatea Kaipara MB No.02 33 Ihumatao 71 Title investigation 3 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 102 Ihumatao Title investigation 7 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 143 Ikatiritiri? 19 Title investigation 25 May, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 249|251-252 Kahakaharoa Title investigation 3 Feb, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 296 Kaherutahi Title investigation 16 Sept, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 150 Kahikatoa 797 Partition 13 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 16-18|27-29 Kahikatoa No.2 259 Injunction 28 August, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.22 81-82 Kahikatoa No.2 Partition 09 October, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.23 108-110 Kahuitieke? 39 Title investigation 4 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 186-197 Kahukuri 3176 Title investigation 3 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 113 Kahukuri 3176 Title investigation 7 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 144 Kahukuri 3176 Title investigation 8 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 156 Kahumaku see Waimamaku 15 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 1 Kahuwera 124 Title investigation 22 Aug, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 64 Kaiaku?, Lot 67 (part of) Confirmation of alienation 11 Nov, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 119

336 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Kaihiki 158 Title investigation 17 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 47-55 Kaihu 43700 Title investigation 21 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 198 Kaihu Title investigation? 24 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 236 Kaihu 14 Sale of part of 26 May, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 130 Kaihu 43700 Partition 13 Dec, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 285 Kaihu No.1 Partition 4 Aug, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 193 Kaihu No.1 Partition 25 August, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 62 Kaihu No.1 543 Partition 27 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 298 Kaihu No.1|Opanake No.1|Opanake No.2 Public Works Act 10 May, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 136 Kaihu No.2 11463 Partition 4 Aug, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 203 Kaihu No.2 11466 ? 10 July, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 271 Kaihu No.2 Partition 19 February, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.05 101 Kaihu No.2 Payment of monies 15 Nov, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 229 Kaihu No.2 Confirmation of alienation? 9 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 115 Kaihu No.2A (part of) Confirmation of alienation 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 134 Kaihu No.2B Lease 16 Dec, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 238 Kaihu No.2B Confirmation of alienation 27 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 268 Kaihu No.2B Partition 10 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 301 Kaihu No.2B|Hungahungatoroa Sale 14 Dec, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 217 Kaiiwi Taharoa Succession 18 January, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 74 Kaikou Title investigation 2 Feb, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 290 Kaingapipiwai Title investigation 18 Feb, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.06 325-326 Kaingapipiwai No.1 Relative interests 19 July, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Kaeo Northern MB No.18 30-40 185|190-197|198|202|203|216- Kaingapipiwai No.1 1814 Partition 03 November, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.18 217 Kaingapipiwai No.2 Partition 25 October, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.13 230 Kaingapipiwai No.2 Lease 26 July, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.18 75 Kaingapipiwai No.2 Partition? 03 November, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.18 186 Kaingapipiwai No.2 1788 Partition 27 Jun, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.10 336-337|348 Kaingapipiwai No.2 North 977 Partition 09 December,1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.11 161 Kaingapipiwai No.2 South Confirmation of Alienation 21 October, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.16 25 Kaingapipiwai|Mahangatoa o Houtai 1716|2006 Title investigation 6 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.02 263-266 Kaingapipiwai|Mahangatoa o Houtai Title investigation 6 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.03 1-6 Kaingapokanoa Succession 16 Jan, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.04 210-211 Kaingapokeno|Kaingapokeno No.4 Partition? 15 November, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.18 176-177|183|184|187-189 Kaipatiki 3454 Title investigation 15 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 138 Kaipatiki Title investigation 22 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 217 Kairara? 30671?? Title investigation 22 May, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 123 Kairawara 450 Title investigation 01 May, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 12 Kaitaia 5220 Partition 11 Dec, 1884 1884 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.06 240-241 Kaitara No.1 2353 Title investigation 8 January, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 101 Kaitara No.2 6700 Title investigation 8 January, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 105 Kaitara No.2 Succession 27 June, 1887 1887 1881-1889 Kaipara Kaipara MB No.05 67 Kaitara No.2 Partition 29 August, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.05 132 Kaitara No.2 Succession 21 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Auckland Kaipara MB No.06 350 Kaitara No.2 Partition 28 Sept, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Pahi Kaipara MB No.07 251 Kaitara No.2 Partition 13 July, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Helensville Whangarei MB No.07 172-174 Kaituna 306 Title investigation 30 April, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 87 Kaiwaka 410 Title investigation 24 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 185 Kaiwaka 53 Title investigation 14 Sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 241-242 Kaiwaka 15 Title investigation 24 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 130 Kaiwhakairi Partition 27 Sep, 1890 1890 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.10 200-211|271-272 Kaiwhakairi B Partition 06 December, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.13 247-248 Kakatarahae Partition 25 Jun, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.05 90 Kakatarahae? Survey 18 Jun, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.05 89-90

337 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Kakataumanawha 10 Title investigation 20 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 164 Kakataumanawha? 10 Title investigation 8 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 152 Kapanga Parish Lot 6 Confirmation of Alienation 8 Jul, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 143 217|223-224|233-246|247- Karaka Huarua 291 Title investigation 28 September, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.27 249|250-251|305 Karatia? 5 Title investigation 5 May, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 350 Karepo 82 Title investigation 10 Mar, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.03 231 Kareponia 2614 Title investigation 15 March, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Ahipara Northern MB No.01 28|29 Kareponia No.1 Partition 05 September, 1896? 1896? 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.17 47-48 Kareponia No.1|Kareponia No.2|Kareponia No.3 2088|532|8 Partition 23 July, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 35 Kareponia No.2 1040 Partition 15 June, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.16 62 Karikari 1936 Title investigation 07 March, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 147-154 Karoto 32 Title investigation 3 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 102 Kauaeoruruwahine 9287 Title investigation|Partition 01 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 108-117 Kauaeoruruwahine No.1 Sale 12 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 194 Kauaeoruruwahine No.2 Sale 12 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 195 Kauaeoruruwahine No.3 Sale 12 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 195 Kauaeranga 3672 Title investigation 6 July, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 262 Kauaeranga 3672 Enquiry 29 Nov, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 64-95 Kauaeranga Succession 18 December, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Whangarei Northern MB No.12 145-147 Kauaeranga|Ngaturipukenui Enquiry 13 Dec, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 228 Kauaerangi|Ngaturipukenui Enquiry 3 Dec, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 102-112 Kauri Putete 2706 Title investigation 12 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.02 70-94 Kaurinui Partition 11 January , 1898 1898 1890-1899 Kawakawa Northern MB No.25 56-58|62 Keiha Title investigation 20 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 168 Keiha 24 Title investigation 22 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 216 Keiha Title investigation 22 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 218 Kerita|Waiharakeke East No.1B Confirmation of alienation 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 126 Ketenikau Title investigation 15 Mar, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 31 Ketetangariki Partition 17 Apr, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 153|333 Ketetangariki Partition 20 Nov, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.10 28-30|31|38-39 Ketetangariki B 950 Partition 27 September, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.27 215|230-231 Ketetangariki? 1600 Title investigation 23 Jan, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.04 261-267 Kihikihi 0 Title investigation 30 June, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Tukapoto Kaipara MB No.01 42 Kinuorere? 155 Title investigation 30 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 306 Kiorekata?|Pukekauere Partition 17 July, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 395 Kioreroa 3801? Title investigation 20 Sept, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 163 Kirikiri No.1 1 Title investigation 21 Aug, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 49 Kirikiri No.2 1 Title investigation 21 Aug, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 50 Kirikiri No.3 4 Title investigation 21 Aug, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 51 Kirikiri No.4 4 Title investigation 21 Aug, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 52 Kirikiri No.5 17 Title investigation 21 Aug, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 53 Kirikiri No.6 4 Title investigation 17 Mar, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 85 Kirikiri No.6a Title investigation 17 Mar, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 85 Kirikiri Pawhaoa 461 Title investigation 05 April, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.26 160-186 Kiriotupato Title investigation 20 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 169 Kiriotupato 5 Title investigation 22 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 209 Kiriotupato 14 Title investigation 20 May, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 121 Kiriotupato No.4 45 Title investigation 09 May, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 354 Kiripaka 998 Title investigation 12 Oct, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 151-156|170|176-177 Kiripaka 998 Rehearing 26 Aug, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 191-208|211|227 Kiripaka Partition 16 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 119 Kiripaka No.1A 492 Partition 30 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 138-139 Kiripaka No.1A|Kiripaka No.1B4 Sale 23 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 95-97

338 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Kiripaka No.1B 492 Partition 9 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 227-230 Kiripaka No.1B Boundaries 19 Mar. 1898 1898 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 15-16 Kiripaka No.1B3 74 Partition 6 Oct, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 24-26 Kiwitahi 2249 Title investigation 1 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 98 Kiwitahi|Kaiwaka|Te Kauri|Pohutu|Te Rewarewa|Manginahae|Waipapa|Mangakura| Tuhirangi|Te Horo|Mataia Title investigation 26 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 194 Koare? 35 Title investigation 16 Mar, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 78 Koharatahi 420 Title investigation 29 June, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 248 Koharatahi 420 Title investigation 30 June, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 253 Kohatutatangi 1 Title investigation 16 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 313 Kohekohe 10 Title investigation 4 April, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Maungawetere, Wairoa Kaipara MB No.02 19 Kohekohe No.2 238 Title investigation 29 April, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 75 Kohinui 54 Title investigation 5 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 64 Kohoao 170 Title investigation 4 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 39 Kohuao 170 Removal of restrictions 1 Sep 1891 1891 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 218|223 Kohuroa 3708? Title investigation 2 Mar, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 211 Kokohuia Public Works Act 26 January, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.11 202-204 Kokori Native Reserve (Okokori) 340 Order in Council? 04 October, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.17 365-375|379 Komata North No.1A|Komata North No.5|Koronae? North No.2|Koronae? North No.3 Confirmation of alienation 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 123

Komata North No.1B1|Komata North No.1A4 Confirmation of alienation 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 123 Konoti 2674 Title investigation|Succession21 July, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 37|38 Konoti 2674 Partition 11 Dec, 1884 1884 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.06 241 Konoti Partition 28 Feb, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Kaitaia Northern MB No.06 345-346 Konoti A|Konoti B Partition 11 October, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.12 264|273-280|289-292 Konoti B5 Partition 05 September, 1896? 1896? 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.17 45-46 Kopinui 95 Title investigation 17 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 11 Kopipi Title investigation 14 Mar, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 19 Kopironui 904 Title investigation 18 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 153 Kopironui 904 Partition 30 June, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 254 Kopironui Partition 09 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.04 251 Kopironui 904 Partition 18 Jun, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 53-55 Kopironui B 26 Partition 30 August, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.05 133 Kopironui B4? Confirmation of alienation 5 Oct, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Helensville Kaipara MB No.07 257 Kopua No.2E (part of) Confirmation of alienation 4 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 155 Kopuatoetoe 3396 Title investigation 31 May, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 231 Kopuatoto No.1 Confirmation of alienation 4 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 54-55 Kopuawaiwaha Title investigation 17 Mar, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 36 Kopuawaiwaha Partition 22 Feb, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 125 Kopuawaiwaha 1588 Partition 11 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 55 Kopuawaiwaha No.2 190 Partition 31 Oct, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 63-64 Kopuawaiwaha No.4 1129 Partition 18 Oct, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 171|179 Kopuawaiwaha No.4|Kopuawaiwaha No.4A 585 Partition 23 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 144-145 Kopuawaiwaha No.4A 1099 Partition 6 Oct, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 23 Kopuni-o-nga-ho 257 Title investigation 14 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 96 Kopuru|Aratapu Title investigation 3 April, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Maungawetere, Wairoa Kaipara MB No.02 16 Korotangi 17 Title investigation 29 Jan, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Waiwerawera Mahurangi MB No.1 33 Koroto 32 Title investigation 30 April, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 89 Kotaiha 85 Title investigation 22 Aug, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 63 Kotaiha 85 Confirmation of alienation 7 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 226 Kuaotunu No.1C|Kuaotunu No.1D|Kuaotunu No.2A ?? 11 May, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Kapanga, Coromandel Auckland MB No.05 35

339 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Kuaotunu No.2A3|Waiotahi Parish Lot 132|Waipipi Lot 40 Subsec.3|Waiuku Parish Lot 112 Sale? 15 Aug, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 35-36 Kukutango 487 Title investigation 12 Mar, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.03 241 Kurukoro? 30 Title investigation 4 September, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Maungawetere, Wairoa Kaipara MB No.02 5 Kuwaru 49 Title investigation 21 July, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 41 Kuwaru 49 Title investigation 27 October, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 52|53 Little Barrier Island see Hauturu Unknown Kaipara MB No.03 Little Barrier Island?|Hauturu? Compensation?? 21 Jan, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 102-111 Mahinepua confirmation of alienation 14 April, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Kawakawa Northern MB No.28 104 Mahinepua|Motu Ika 642 Title investigation 07 March, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 21|22 Maimaru Partition|Succession 13 September, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.12 78-81 Maioro? Lot 162 40 Removal of restrictions 26 Feb, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 21 Mairetahi 350 Title investigation 27 June, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Tukapoto Kaipara MB No.01 12 Makeru 2 Title investigation 15 Mar, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.05 40 Maketawa 140 Title investigation 18 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 209 Makomako 315 Confirmation of alienation 25 Feb, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 32 Mamata see also Maruata?? Unknown Manawatawhi? Title investigation 15 Apr, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.04 295-298 Mangahoutoa Title investigation 07 September, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 19 Mangahui|Kakahoroa 1653|366 Title investigation 26 Aug, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 278 Mangaiti 7 Title investigation 22 February, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Te Tanoa, Otamatea Kaipara MB No.02 67 Mangaiti No.3 9 Partition 15 November, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.18 184|177|213|285-286 Mangaiti No.3A 3 Partition 11 December, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.11 167 Mangaiti No.3C confirmation of alienation 14 April, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Kawakawa Northern MB No.28 105 Mangaiti No.4 Title investigation|Partition 03 November, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.18 181-183|199-201 Mangakahia 13987 Title investigation 18 Jan, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 27 Mangakahia Title investigation 26 Jan, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 131-181 Mangakahia Title investigation|Partition 7 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 227 Mangakahia No.2 Partition 14 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 277 Mangakahia No.2A 5000 Partition|Sale 8 Oct, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 30 Mangakahia No.2A Partition 19 Oct, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 45-47 Mangakahia No.2A2No.1 Partition 12 Sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 226 Mangakahia No.2B ? 19 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 301-305 Mangakahia No.2B 8987 Partition 8 Oct, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 30 Mangakakahi 367 Title investigation 4 September, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Maungawetere, Wairoa Kaipara MB No.02 4 Mangakakahi No.2 Title investigation 12 Dec, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 211 Mangakino 752 Title investigation 1 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 117-118 Mangakirikiri 1020 Title investigation 3 Feb, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 179 Mangakirikiri Sale 14 January, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 73 Mangakura 257 Title investigation 29 April, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 78 Mangakura 257 Title investigation 30 April, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 89 Mangakura 300 Title investigation 29 July, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 188 Mangamaru 1327 Title investigation 4 Nov, 1887 1887 1881-1889 Waimate Northern MB No.09 3-7|12-21|26-28 Mangamuka Injunction 22 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 60-61|62 Mangamuka Title investigation 24 Jan, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 74-75|114-115|126|185|187 Mangamuka East 6840 Partition 17 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 35-45 Mangamuka East Survey|Enquiry 06 April, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 122-124 187-202|204-230|232-251|256- Mangamuka East Title investigation 1 May, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 323 11-20|22-28|32-37|39-44|102- Mangamuka East 11,000 Title investigation 15 Nov, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.10 109 Mangamuka East A1 Partition 24 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.22 16-17 Mangamuka East A1B Partition 14 Nov, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 236-238 Mangamuka East, see also Oporehu . . Unknown Ohaeawai Northern MB No.29 .

340 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Mangamuka West Title investigation 10 April, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 137-150 Mangamuka West Title investigation 13 April, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 151-190 1-72|74-112|116- Mangamuka West Title investigation 23 April, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.20 145|151|161|173 Mangamuka West Title investigation 31 May, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.20 176-195 Mangamuka West Injunction 27 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.22 33-34|188-190 168-189|199-210|265-269|273- Mangamuka West Title investigation|Appeal 5 Nov, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 274 Manganuiowae 5700 Title investigation 22 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 226-246 Manganuiowae Sale 25 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 246 Mangapae Succession 29 Aug, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 209-217|222 Mangapae Succession 6 July, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 247-249 Mangapoutoa (Mangahoutoa) Title investigation 31 August, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 15 Mangapukahukahu 360 Title investigation 28 Jan, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 28-46 Mangapupu Partition 3 Dec, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.10 74-78 Mangarata Title investigation 25 Mar, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangawhare Kaipara MB No.03 100 Mangarata? Rehearing 3 Aug, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 192 Mangaroa Title investigation 14 May, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 364 Mangataeore 381 Title investigation 15 March, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Ahipara Northern MB No.01 33 Mangataraire 200 Title investigation 19 October, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 47|48 Mangataraire Title investigation 09 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.02 69-70 Mangatawa see also Kareponia No.3 Unknown Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 Mangatawae 748 Title investigation 3 Apr, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.05 115-136 Mangatawhiri 3622 Title investigation 24 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 29 Mangatawhiri Title investigation 26 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 38 Mangatawhiri Succession 1 Nov, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 60 Mangatiti 72 Title investigation 19 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 81 Mangawhati 944 Title investigation 16 Mar, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 75 Mangawhero Partition 7 Aug, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.08 264|281-282|318-322 Mangawhero M 120 Sale 22 January, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.11 177 Mangere 1-0- ? Lot 13|Mangere Lot 7|Mangere Lot 14 Confirmation of alienation 11 Jan, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 72|83-84 Mangere Lot 2 (Part of)|Mangere Lot 4|Mangere Lot 6|Mangere Lot 5 Confirmation of alienation 2 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 36-39 Mangere Lot 8|Mangere Lot 9|Mangere Lot 11|Mangere Lot 12 19 Confirmation of alienation 2 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 44-45 Mangere Sec.1 Succession 27 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 153-154 Mangere Village Lot 49 (part of)|Waipipi Parish Lot 366 (part of) Confirmation of alienation 16 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 141 Manginahae 10 Title investigation 29 April, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 82 Manginahae 358 Title investigation 12 May, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 359 Manginahae 358 Partition 29 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 302 Manginahae No.1 341 Partition 17 September, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.05 171 Manginahae No.1 Succession 27 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 125 Manginahae No.1 277 Partition 9 Dec, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 202 Mangonui Township Lot 14 Confirmation of Alienation 08 February, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.18 82 Mangonui|Omu Title investigation 27 Mar, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangawhare Kaipara MB No.03 114 Manukarere 21 Partition? 6 Oct, 1890 1890 1890-1899 Waimate Northern MB No.10 239 Manunu 9 Title investigation 25 Jan, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 91|105|132-133 Manurewa 29? Title investigation 19 Jan, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.04 224-242|225-256|259 Manurewa 20? Rehearing 18 May, 1881 1881 1881-1889 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.04 389-410 Manurewa Partition 19 Feb, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Kawakawa Northern MB No.06 59 Manurewa Partition 21 Apr, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.07 133 Manurewa 155|Manurewa 156 Confirmation of alienation 4 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 159-160 Manurewa North No.1 Partition 13 September, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.27 92-94

341 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Mapere No.1|Mapere No.2 Title investigation 05 March, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 140 Mapere No.1|Mapere No.2 4 Sale 10 March, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 191 Mapuna 157 Partition 27 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 299 Maraeroa A|Takotakoraha No.3 Trustees 10 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 68-69 Maraetai 1376 Partition 12 Jun, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 86-103|104-117 Maraetai Succession 29 Apr, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.05 1-4 Maraetai 1376 Rehearing|Partition 13 Jan, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 238-290 Maraetai Rehearing|Partition 16 Jan, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 1-10|18-19 Maraetai No.3 Partition 12 Jan, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 73 Maramarahi ? No.1 Confirmation of alienation 4 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 154 Maramatautini Removal of restrictions 25 Sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.28 133 Maramatawhana Partition 22 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 13 Mareikura Partition 20 February, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.05 102 Mareikura Partition 14 January, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 69 Mareikura A|Mareikura G Partition 22 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 320-322 Mareikura C 1098 Partition 22 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 319 Mareikura F Partition 13 January, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 64 Mareikura G1 Partition 22 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 322-324 Mareikura No.2 4300 Partition 14 February, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.05 88 Mareikura see also Moengawheke Unknown Kaihu Kaipara MB No.05 Marino No.2 28 Title investigation 02 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.02 27-31 Maroroa 28 Title investigation 18 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 152 Maroroa Succession 27 August, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.05 122 Maruarua No. 2 82 Title investigation 6 July, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 257 Maruata Partition 2 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 181-184 Maruata 160 Title investigation 18 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 130-131 Maruata Partition 21 Mar, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 30-31 Maruata see also Mamata?? Unknown Maruatu 560 Title investigation 4 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 25 Marunui 2160 Title investigation 20 February, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Te Tanoa, Otamatea Kaipara MB No.02 53 Marutuna 1 Title investigation 10 June, 1893? 1893 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.12 12|55-56 Mataia 3100 Title investigation 8 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 151 Mataia 3100 Title investigation 8 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 156 Mataitai No.1 Appeal|Partition 9 Jan, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 197-208|213-215|223 Matakaraka 396 Title investigation 15 November, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.11 61|75-87|90-160|166 Matakohe Title investigation 8 Mar, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 1 Matakohe Parish Lot 54 Relative interests 17 July, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Helensville Whangarei MB No.07 187-188 Matarau 132 Title investigation 15 March, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Ahipara Northern MB No.01 30 Matarau Partition 11 Dec, 1884 1884 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.06 242 Matarau Rehearing 17 Jun, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.10 294 Matataiki 2 Title investigation 3 May, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 343-344 Matawera, see Te Tapuwae Title investigation , 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 . Mateanui 80 Title investigation 20 February, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Te Tanoa, Otamatea Kaipara MB No.02 41 Mauawetawa? (Manawataua??) 10 Title investigation 07 October, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.12 129-130 Mauiui 6 Partition 23 Mar, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.07 21 Maungakaramea No.2 Partition 9 May, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 24-26 Maungakawakawa Partition 16 April, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.13 11 Maungakawakawa 417 Title investigation 24 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 133-138|140-148 Maungakawakawa No.1 295 Partition? 27 Apr, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Waimate Northern MB No.07 148-154 Maungakawakawa?? No.1 Partition 27 August, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.12 52-53 Maunganui|Waipoua Title investigation 27 Jan, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 140 Maungarei 610 Title investigation 6 Feb, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 307 Maungaroa 100 Partition 8 Dec, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.07 314-315 Maungaroa B Confirmation of alienation?|C28 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 167 Maungaru 21319 Title investigation 5 September, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Maungawetere, Wairoa Kaipara MB No.02 10

342 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Maungatapere ? 4 Jan, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 185 Maungatauhoro 70 Title investigation 26 Jan, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Waiwerawera Mahurangi MB No.1 25 Maungatawai No.2 Partition 22 Oct, 1887 1887 1881-1889 Waimate Northern MB No.08 375|381 Maungatawhiri 5097 Title investigation 27 March, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 45 Maungatawhiri Title investigation 15 August, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 60 Maunu 3,409 Title investigation 18 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 205 Maunu Partition 12 Nov, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 13 Maunu No.1 Succession 7 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 41 Maunu No.1 Succession 10 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 50 Maunu No.1 3325 Partition 19 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 103-134 Maunu No.1E 1150 Partition 13 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 274-275 Maunu No.1E3 Partition 6 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 175-176 Maunu No.1E3 North Partition 22 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 94 Maunu No.1E3 North Partition 23 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 100-101 Maunu No.1F Confirmation of alienation 16 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 109 Maunu No.1G Succession 10 July, 1893? 1893 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 300 Mawhitipana 82 Title investigation 3 Apr, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 137-138 Merita 918 Title investigation 07 March, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Northern MB No.01 155-163 Merita No.1 Succession 16 June, 1875? 1875 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 208-209 Merita No.2 229 Title investigation 15 May, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 219|249|252 Meurant's Claim Compensation 1 Feb, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 13-18 Moehau No.1G|Moehau No.1N Amend order 20 May, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Kapanga, Coromandel Auckland MB No.05 65 Moehau No.2 Confirmation of alienation 4 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 155 Moehau No.3F Trustees 5 May, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Kapanga, Coromandel Auckland MB No.05 13-14 Moehau? No.1 Lot 16 Waihi? ? 8 Jun, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 84 Moengawheke Rehearing 15 September, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.05 158 Moengawheke see also Mareikura Unknown Kaihu Kaipara MB No.05 Moetangi 534 Partition 14 Nov, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.10 10|30 Moetangi B 444 Partition 26 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 68-70 Moetangi B2 311 Partition 18 January, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.11 171-172 Mokaikai 10933? Title investigation 01 May, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 64-65|69-70 Mokau No.2 451 Title investigation 25 Nov, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.03 332-340 Moringai (Moringaehe) Partition 05 October, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.12 108 Motatau|Hikurangi Injunction 12 Sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 226-227 Motukahakaha Succession 30 March, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.12 248-255 Motukahakaha Partition 12 October, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.12 283-288 Motukahakaha Appeal|Succession 26 October, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.28 29-33 Motukaraka East Partition 15 February, 1895? 1895? 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.14 83-85 Motukaraka East Title investigation 26 Mar, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 113-115|117|124-125 Motukaraka Island Title investigation 26 Feb, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 56 Motukaraka West 1028 Title investigation 22 October, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.23 150-153 Motukaroro 1 Title investigation 2 Feb, 18820 1882 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 293 Motukauri 1 Title investigation 25 May, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.13 132|226 Motukiore? Injunction 22 January, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.11 180 Motukiwi Title investigation 8 Mar, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 3 Motu-o-Tawa Title investigation 8 Mar, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 3 Motuparapara 186 Title investigation 4 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 37 Moturemu? Recalled 02 July, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 294 Motutara 93 Title investigation 18 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 155 Motutara No.1 Title investigation 20 May, 1890 1890 1890-1899 Auckland Kaipara MB No.05 138 Motutara No.1 Title investigation 20 May, 1890 1890 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 61 Motuti Title investigation 17 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point, Hokianga Northern MB No.03 315 Moungai 8 Title investigation 29 July, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Ahipara Northern MB No.01 42|43 Murimotu 1491 Partition 15 November, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 204-205 Muriwai 1293 Title investigation 15 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 139

343 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Muriwai Title investigation 16 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 141 Muriwai 1293 Confirmation of alienation 5 Oct, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Helensville Kaipara MB No.07 257 Muriwai Confirmation of alienation 26 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 99-100|101 Muriwai Succession|Amend order 27 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 158-159|176-178 Muriwai Confirmation of alienation 9 Jan, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 211-212|224 Muriwai Confirmation of alienation 18 Jan, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 20|28 Muriwai 1293 Confirmation of alienation?|C2 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 42 Name missed Title investigation 27 June, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Tukapoto Kaipara MB No.01 25 Napuku? Sale 18 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 223 Native Burial Reserve|Te Ipu Whakatara 9 Title investigation 5 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 199 Naturahi? Succession 16 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 37-38 Ngaho No.2022 10 Enquiry 05 May, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.20 72 Ngahokowhitu 185 Title investigation 22 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 19 Ngaiotonga 173 Title investigation 08 February, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.26 9-10 Ngaiotonga Title investigation 26 May, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Kawakawa Northern MB No.06 232 Ngaiotonga No.3 173 Title investigation 15 December, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.25 54-55 Ngamahanga 64 Title investigation|Partition 22 June, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.12 26 Ngamahanga 27 Title investigation 3 Mar, 1890 1890 1890-1899 Taumarere Northern MB No.10 132-133 Ngamako 26 Title investigation 06 October, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.12 114-128|130 Ngamako B ? 15 May, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.20 113-114 Ngamokotuatara 27 Title investigation 18 Sept, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 97 Ngamokotuatara Title investigation 27 Nov, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 106 Ngamokotuatara Partition 23 Feb, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 129 Ngamotu 140 Title investigation 18 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 208 Ngananganaia Lease 10 May, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Kapanga, Coromandel Auckland MB No.05 33-34 Ngananganaia? No.2 Confirmation of alienation 16 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 140 Ngaoho No.2022 Confirmation of Alienation 08 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.21 141 Ngapipito 895 Title investigation 05 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.02 41-48 Ngapuku 490 Title investigation 10 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 177-178|184 Ngararatunua 147 Title investigation 30 May, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 226 Ngararatunua Partition 16 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 119 Ngararatunua 38 Partition 17 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 126-127 Ngararatunua C Partition 8 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 200 Ngararatunua No.2 681 Title investigation 5 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 171 Ngararatunua No.2 Title investigation 6 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 182-185 Ngararatunua No.2 Title investigation 7 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 188-196 Ngararatunua No.2 Title investigation|Partition 8 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 202-227 Ngararatunua No.2A|Ngararatunua No.2B Boundaries 22 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 92-93 Ngararatunua No.2B 609 ? 10 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 239-242 Ngararatunua No.2B Partition 16 Mar, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 9-14 Ngararatunua? Partition 5 May, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 12-14 Ngatahuna 882 Title investigation 17 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 3 Ngatapahari No.2? Title investigation 30 June, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Tukapoto Kaipara MB No.01 43 Ngatapapa No.2 110 Title investigation 1 Dec, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 100-101 Ngaturipukenui 496 Title investigation 6 July, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 259 Ngaturitahau No.1|Ngaturitahau No.2 Title investigation 24 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 131-132 Ngawhakaparapara 8 Title investigation 20 Sept, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 163 Ngawhakarikiriki Title investigation 08 May, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 346 Ngawhakatikitu Title investigation 3 Feb, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 296 Ngawhitu Succession 21 June, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Kawakawa Northern MB No.28 111-114 Ngawhitu ? 30 Jan, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.06 265|268 Ninihi 303 Title investigation 7 Nov, 1887 1887 1881-1889 Waimate Northern MB No.09 21-28 Niutireni No.2|Waima North No.2A 7656 Partition 21 Feb, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 48-49 Nokenoke|Tarawao 38, 92 Title investigation 25 Jan, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Waiwerawera Mahurangi MB No.1 11

344 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Normanby? Town Sec.26 Lot 1|Normanby? Town Sec.26 Lot 6 Confirmation of alienation 12 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 163 Nuhaka 2 Title investigation 27 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 296 Nukuroa 7400 Title investigation 22 February, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Te Tanoa, Otamatea Kaipara MB No.02 63 Nukuroa No.1 5930 Relative interests? 12 Aug, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Pahi Kaipara MB No.07 113 Nukuroa No.2 Partition 8 Oct, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Helensville Kaipara MB No.07 157 Nukuroa No.2 Succession 11 July, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Helensville Whangarei MB No.07 149-154 Nukutawhiti 12168 Title investigation 15 May,1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 115 Oahau 113 Title investigation 30 June, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Tukapoto Kaipara MB No.01 37 Oahutaonga, see Te Tapuwae Title investigation , 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 . Ohakiri 43 Title investigation 6 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.02 261 Ohakiri 43 Sale 9 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.03 21 Oharae Relative interests 05 October, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.18 1-3 Oharae Relative interests 02 October, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.18 363 Ohauhau 10 Title investigation 10 January, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 9 Ohauroa 412 Title investigation 8 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 153 Ohauroa 412 Title investigation 20 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 165 Ohawini Succession 24 Oct, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Kawakawa Northern MB No.09 370|373-375|376 Ohawini Equitable owners 13 Sep, 1890 1890 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.10 156 Ohineturere 54 Title investigation 23 Jan, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Rawene (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 444 Ohirua 67 Title investigation 5 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 52 Ohoapewa 116 Title investigation 11 August, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Awaroa Kaipara MB No.04 143 Ohuirua No. 2 Title investigation 3 Feb, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 294 Ohungarere 81 Title investigation 22 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 15 Ohungarere 101, 111, 102 Title investigation 10 Mar, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.03 230 Ohungarere No.4 Title investigation 13 July, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 385 Ohungarere No.5 Title investigation 16 July, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 387 Ohutu 98 Title investigation 20 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 168 Ohutu Title investigation 24 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 228 Oikura Sale 02 March, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 110 Oikura 2106 Title investigation 03 March, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 10-20 Oikura Partition 11 Mar, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.05 8-9 Okaha 352 Title investigation 16 Oct, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 165|167-169 Okaha No.3 332 Title investigation 19 February, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.05 100 Okahu 2408 Title investigation 26 Jan, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Waiwerawera Mahurangi MB No.1 22 Okahu 540 Partition 05 September, 1896? 1896? 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.17 49-51|62-63 Okahu Succession 10 Jan, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Mangonui (Kaitaia?) Northern MB No.09 68-72|85-88 Okahu A Partition 14 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 327

Okahu No.125|Okahu No.126|Okahu No.127 200 Partition 16 Dec, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 238 Okahu|Moturua|Waewaetoroa 57|374|115 Title investigation 20 January, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.25 105-180 Okahu|Moturua|Waewaetoroa Title investigation 02 February, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.26 1-4|6-8 Okahukura 10 Title investigation 29 April, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 81 Okahukura Title investigation 25 July, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 184 Okahukura 24000 Title investigation 29 June, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 250 Okahukura Title investigation 30 June, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 255 Okahurewa 9562 Title investigation 13 August, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 328 Okaka 915 Title investigation 02 March 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 2-3|5-10|21 Okaka Sale 21 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 225-226 Okakewai Partition 13 June, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.16 59-60 Okakewai 1514 Title investigation 01 May, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Northern MB No.01 71-72 Okakewai? 1514 Partition 05 September, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.17 51-52|55-61 Okapakapa 100 Title investigation 22 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 18 Okerimene C? Confirmation of Alienation 05 September, 1896? 1896? 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.17 52 Okirimene Partition 11 dec, 1884 1884 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.06 242

345 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Okiwhare see Mangamuka East A1 Unknown Rawene Northern MB No.22 Okokori (Kokori) see Awapuku|Awapuku see Okokori (Kokiri) Unknown Mangonui Northern MB No.17 Okopako 330 Title investigation 10 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 178-183 Okopako Sale 24 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 243-244 Okorihi 931 Title investigation 2 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 124-125 Okura 18 Title investigation 10 January, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 9 Okura 544 Title investigation 5 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.02 248-255 Okura No.2 Partition 21 September, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.12 91-92 Okura No.2 Partition 18 June, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.13 204-205|215-216|224|228 Okura No.2 Partition 27 Jun, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.10 336 Okura? No.2 Partition 26 July, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.18 64|74-75|77-78 Omaha 155 Title investigation 11 Jan, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 88-89 Omahuta 8532 Title investigation 3 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 128-164|173-174 Omahuta Sale 12 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 195 Omahuta No.2 Sale 14 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 202-203 Omahuta No.3 678 Partition 22 January, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.11 178-180 Omahuta No.3B (Part) confirmation of alienation 25 July, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.28 129 Omaikao 4744 Title investigation 20 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 214 Omaku see also Ngamoko B|Ngamoko B see also Omaku . . Unknown Rawene Northern MB No.41 . Omana 90 Title investigation 31 August, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 14 Omanene 290 Title investigation 6 July, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 263 Omanu 104 Title investigation 12 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 64 Omanuhiri 1 Title investigation 18 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 57 Omapere 768 Title investigation 23 Jan, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Rawene (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 445-467 Omapere Title investigation 25 Jan, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 4-5 Omapere No.1 Partition 25 Apr, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 173-182 Omapere No.1|Omapere No.2A 2 Partition 27 January, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Northern MB No.11 205-206|337 Omapere No.3 5 Title investigation 29 Sep, 1890 1890 1890-1899 Waimate Northern MB No.10 212-217|225-231 Omarokura 127 Title investigation 25 Jan, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 94 Omaru Partition 11 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 307

Omarumaku? (Maromauku??, Maromaku??) Title investigation 2 Feb, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 291 Omataroa 3320 Title investigation 07 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.02 61-62 Omaunu 5266 Title investigation 25 Nov, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.03 328-331|341-344 Omaunu No.2 2440 Partition 18 August, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.22 35-37 71-116|118-131|135-204|205- Omaunu? 4960 Title investigation 21 May,1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.13 209|234-235 Omaunu|Kaingapipiwai ? 2 Apr, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.04 277 Omiru 158 Title investigation 10 July, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 260-299 Omiru 158 Title investigation 14 July, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 302 Omiru Title investigation 16 Aug, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 304-353|359-361 Omiru Title investigation 30 Sep, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 359-361 Omokoiti 185 Title investigation 6 Oct, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Helensville Kaipara MB No.07 263 Omu|Te Marumaru|Tuawhitu|Te Raikara Sale 27 Mar, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangawhare Kaipara MB No.03 116 Onekura 323 Title investigation 22 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 224 Onemaro Partition 25 Sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.28 133 Onemaroke Partition 10 Oct, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.28 248 Oneonenui 787 Title investigation 16 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 142-143 Oneonenui|Ururua|Rangiahua|Hanekau Survey 09 March, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Auckland Kaipara MB No.02 238 Oneroa 1 Title investigation 10 Mar, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.03 229 Onewhero Parish Lot 43|Onewhero Parish Lot 46 Confirmation of alienation 11 Jan, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 87 Onewhero Parish Lot 70A Confirmation of alienation 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 136

346 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Onewhero Parish Lot 70A2 Confirmation of alienation 16 Nov, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 110 Onewhero Parish Lot 70C Confirmation of alienation 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 135 Ongarahu 525 Title investigation 16 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 148 Ongarahu see Maramatawhana|Maramatawhana see Ongarahu Unknown Ongarihi? 32 Title investigation 15 Jan, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.06 249 Onoke 138 Title investigation 18 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 208 Opaheke 19 Title investigation 25 Jan, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Waiwerawera Mahurangi MB No.1 4 Opahi 123 Title investigation 25 Jan, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Waiwerawera Mahurangi MB No.1 1 Opahi Partition|Succession 20 May, 1890 1890 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 60-61|64-65 Opahi Removal of restrictions 16 Mar, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 67-69 Opahi No.1|Opahi No.2 Succession 25 September, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Helensville Kaipara MB No.06 23 Opanake 14457 Partition 29 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 303 Opanake Partition 18 September, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.05 175 Opanake 14647 Partition 14 January, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 70 Opanake Title investigation 17 Mar, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 40 Opanake No.1 Appeal 15 Dec, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 219 Opanake No.1 6556 Owners as trustees for hapu 16 Dec, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 237 Opanake No.1 ?? 17 Dec, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 241 Opanake No.1 3046 Owners as trustees 16 Jan, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Auckland Kaipara MB No.06 251 Opanake No.1 Title investigation|Partition 21 Jan, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Auckland Kaipara MB No.06 271 Opanake No.1 Confirmation of alienation 9 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 229 Opanake No.1|Opanake No.1C Public Works Act 10 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 297 Opanake No.1A Compensation 11 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 305 Opanake No.2 Partition 21 February, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.05 104 Opanake No.2 Confirmation of alienation 27 Nov, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 280 Opanake No.2H|Kaihu No.2C|Waima No.434N Confirmation of alienation 10 May, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 138 Opanake No.2K Partition 11 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 305 Opanake No.2K Partition? 12 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 318 Opanake No.2M? 3718 Partition 10 Dec, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 204 Opanake No.4 Succession 18 January, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 78 Opanake|Tutamoe 25000 Title investigation 30 Oct, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 51 Opango 45 Partition 30 Jan, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.06 268 Opara 5500|3900 Title investigation 07 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 136-137 Opara|Wairere|Motukiore 5500|3900 Title investigation 22 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.22 1-14 Opito 147 Title investigation 13 January, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.25 59-105|180-182 Opito Title investigation 03 February, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.26 5-7 Opoka|Mangawhero Title investigation 6 Apr, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.02 3 Opoki, see Te Tapuwae Title investigation , 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 . Opopoto 200 Title investigation 3 Apr, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 140-141 Oporehu Partition|Appeal 4 Nov, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 163-168|262-264 Oporehu see also Mangamuka East . . Unknown Ohaeawai Northern MB No.29 . Oporehu, see Mangamuka East . . Unknown Hokianga Northern MB No.09 . Opouteke 43622 Title investigation 22 May, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 123 Opouteke No.2 2830 Title investigation 14 May, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 362 Opouteke No.2 Partition 23 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 99 Opouteke No.2? Partition|Sale 11 Sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 213 Opuatia No.5|Opuatia No.6 Partition? 4 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 160 Opuatia No.6A Confirmation of alienation 16 Nov, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 108 Opuatia No.8A Confirmation of alienation 6 Oct, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 150 Opuawhango No.1 Title investigation 16 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 134 Opuawhango No.2 Title investigation 16 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 139 Opuawhango No.3 Title investigation 16 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 142

347 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Opuawhango No.4 10534 Title investigation 16 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 129 Opuawhango No.4|Pipiwharauroa Survey 6 Apr, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.02 1-2 Opuhete 348 Title investigation 16 Sept, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 151 Opuhiiti No.1|Opuhiiti No.2 186 Title investigation 5 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.02 258 Opuhiiti No.3|Opuhiiti No.4|Opuhiiti No.5 Title investigation 6 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.02 262-263 Orakei 720? Title investigation 7 Oct, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Auckland Orakei MB No.1 1-233 Orakei 720? Title investigation 30 Oct, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Auckland Orakei MB. No.2 1-361 Orakei Title investigation 29 Nov, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 36-40 Orakei Partition? 24 Oct, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 8-9|10-11 Orakei Succession 2 Mar, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 24-26 Orakei Inclusion of name 2 Mar, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 30 Orakei ? 16 Mar, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 69-70 Orakei Appeal|Succession 12 Jan, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 96-97|112-129 Orakei Succession 9 May, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 134-143 Orakei Appeal|Succession 17 Jan, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 11-17|29-30 Orakei Partition 3 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 51|72-82|86-87|91-94 Orakei Survey 16 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 137-139 Orakei No.1A (part of) Confirmation of alienation 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 133 Orakei No.1G 46 Confirmation of alienation 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 129 Orakei No.2 (part of) Appeal|Confirmation of aliena5 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 162-163|252 Orakei No.3C|Orakei No.1C Confirmation of alienation 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 132 Orakei No.3F1 Confirmation of alienation 13 July, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Helensville Whangarei MB No.07 159-160 Orakei No.4B 46 Confirmation of alienation 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 133 Orakei Reserve No.1 Succession 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 133-134|143-148 Orauruwharo confirmation of alienation 14 April, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Kawakawa Northern MB No.28 105-106 Orauruwharo confirmation of alienation 04 August, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Kaikohe Northern MB No.28 130 Orauruwharo 111 Title investigation 17 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 44-45 Oriwa Partition 9 May, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 27-40 Oriwa Appeal|Partition 25 July, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 329-345 Oriwa Partition 26 July, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 346-348 Oriwa No.1 180 Partition 5 Oct, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 20 Oriwa No.3 Partition 24 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 106-109 Orokaraka 8 Title investigation 27 Jan, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Waiwerawera Mahurangi MB No.1 31 Oromahae? 2 Title investigation 20 Jan, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.04 242 Orongotea 536 Partition 05 October, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.12 111 Orongotea? 336 Partition 27 June, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.12 32 Oropa 98 Title investigation 9 Dec, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 355-357 Oropatipatipa? Partition? 5 May, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Kawakawa Northern MB No.06 83 Orotere 77 Title investigation 5 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.02 257 Orowhana 6562 Sale 10 March, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 190 Oruaariki 15 Title investigation 21 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 208 Oruaariki 15 Title investigation 22 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 217 Ota? 10 Title investigation 4 May, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Whangaroa Northern MB No.06 41 Otae, see Rangiawhia No.2 Title investigation , 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 . Otaere Removal of restrictions 27 June, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.17 2 Otaharoa 241 Title investigation 19 October, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 50|51 Otaika No.1|Otaika No.2 Title investigation 18 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 211 Otaika No.4 Partition 18 Oct, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 172 Otaika No.4 Partition 13 Sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 230 Otaika No.4|Otaika No.1 279 Title investigation 15 Oct, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 159-160 Otaika No.4C Partition 23 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 100 Otaika No.4E Partition 24 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 104-105 Otamarua 312 Title investigation 02 July, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.17 9 Otamarua 312 Partition 21 March, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Kawakawa Northern MB No.26 158-160 Otamarua|Karaka|Paroa Survey 10 December, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.25 46-47|51

348 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Otamarua|Paroa|Karaka|Ruapekapeka Survey 27 November, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.24 139-142 Otangaroa 6879 Title investigation 03 May, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 79-103 Otangaroa Lease 06 May, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 105 Otangaroa Partition? 17 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 218-221 Otangaroa Partition 9 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.03 19-20 Otangaroa No.1 Partition 25 July, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Kaeo Northern MB No.18 62-63 Otangaroa No.1 Partition 20 November, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.18 332-333|378-380 Otangaroa No.1 3439 Partition|Relative interests 14 November, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Kaeo Northern MB No.27 29-30|33|36-72|74|76-81 Otangaroa No.1 2880 Title investigation 7 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 170-171 Otangaroa No.1|Otangaroa No.2|Otangaroa No.3|Otangaroa No.4 Sale 17 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 221-222 Otangaroa No.1A Partition 28 November, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.11 62-70 Otangaroa No.2 3439 Sale 3 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 211 Otangi Confirmation of Alienation 04 November, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.18 197 Otaniwha 1206 Title investigation 30 Jan, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.06 269-282 Otapapa 26 Title investigation 26 Nov, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 109 Otara 128 Title investigation 18 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 210 Otara Succession 15 Jan, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.04 206-208 Otara A 102 Partition 6 Oct, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 22-23 Otarapaka Title investigation 19 December, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 3 Otarihau 1170 Partition 12 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 8-12 Otaruru?|Pahinui Title investigation? 10 Dec, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 360 Otata|Motuhoropapa|Motungarara|Motuketake ta|Ruapuke Title investigation 2 Oct, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 115-121 Otata|Parakau|Motuhoropapa|Oruapuke Title investigation 26 Nov, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 5-11|15-35 Otautahi 126 Title investigation 29 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 297 Otawhiri 21 Title investigation 07 March, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 27 Oteaka? 8 Title investigation 12 December,1894 1894 1890-1899 Kawakawa Northern MB No.11 52-55 Oteinga 299 Title investigation 5 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.02 256 Otepu Confirmation of Alienation 22 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.18 328 Otepu? 77 Title investigation 01 October, 1896? 1896? 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.17 233-234|288-289 Otetao Partition 11 May, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 41-43 Otetao 1064 Title investigation 16 Feb, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Kawakawa Northern MB No.06 50-61 Otiaha No.1|Te Kuri|Waimamaku Partition 1 Nov, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 56 Otiaho No.1 680? Title investigation 20 February, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Te Tanoa, Otamatea Kaipara MB No.02 38 Otoataia? 57 Sale 05 March, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 142 Otoatoia 57 Title investigation 7 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 228 Otonga No.1|Otonga No.2|Opuawhango No.2|Opuawhango No.3 Survey 4 Apr, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 153-155 Otonga No.1|Rimariki Survey 2 Apr, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 125-128 Otonga|Kerikeritoke|Takapautangata|Mangim anginui|Whaurauroa|Te Hue|Okotinga Title investigation 14 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 99 Otopope 252 Partition 20 October, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.23 147-149 Ototope Partition 09 December, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.25 44-45 Ototope 295 Title investigation 3 May, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 339-340 Otuhi 166 Title investigation 26 Aug, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 280 Otuhianga 44 Title investigation 7 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 229 Oturei 2061 Title investigation 25 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 26 Oturei Succession 23 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 267 Oturei Confirmation of alienation 27 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 271 Oturei|Okapakapa|Waianga|Kopara No.44|Koutu Mangaro Confirmation of alienation 27 Nov, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 277 Oturu 394 Title investigation 15 May, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 220-248 Oturu No.2 Appeal 20 October, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.28 1-3 Oturu? 780 Title investigation 14 November, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.16 10|14-22

349 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Oturu|Waiaua Letter 07 November, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.28 Otutahuna 253 Title investigation 8 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 282 Otutahuna Title investigation 11 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 309 Otutahuna Title investigation 14 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 323 Otutaorau 460 Title investigation 11 Dec, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 374-379 Oue 3968 Title investigation 3 Feb, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 178 Oue No.2 1186 Title investigation 09 May, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 355 Oue No.2 1186 Partition 8 Oct, 1896? 1896? 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 34-35 Oue No.2 Title investigation 2 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 118-119|125-126 Oue No.2 1186 Title investigation 23 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 130 Oueriri (Oneriri??) Title investigation 20 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 164 Ounuwhao 2500 Title investigation 27 March, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 48 Ounuwhao Title investigation 24 Mar, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangawhare Kaipara MB No.03 102 Ounuwhao Sale of timber 27 Mar, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangawhare Kaipara MB No.03 118 Ounuwhao 8190 Partition 13 January, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 64 Owetu 400 Title investigation 1 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 93 Owhakahaukumukumu, see Te Tapuwae Title investigation , 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 . Owhata (Te Huahua) 45 Title investigation 9 Apr, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 143-144 Owhatia 205 Title investigation 4 September, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Maungawetere, Wairoa Kaipara MB No.02 3 Owhetu 523 Title investigation 18 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 159 Paekawau 73 Title investigation 16 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 147 Paerata Title investigation 21 January, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 117 Paerata 136 Title investigation 19 January, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 82 Paeroa 1972 Title investigation 20 February, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Te Tanoa, Otamatea Kaipara MB No.02 43 Paeroa No.2 Partition 9 Mar, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.03 225 Paeroa No.3 Title investigation 02 July, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 295 Paeroa No.3 ? 03 July, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 310 Pahekeheke 1453 Title investigation 10 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 259 Pahinui? Sale 27 Jan, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.04 269 Pahuhu 92 Title investigation 25 May, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.13 131-132|134 Pahuhu Partition 18 July, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Kaeo Northern MB No.18 29-30|81 Pahuhu 96 Appeal|Partition 11 November, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.28 64-69 Pahuhu Appeal|Partition 14 November, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Kaeo Northern MB No.28 70-73 Pahunuhunu 400 Title investigation 21 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 7 Pahunuhunu Partition 9 Mar, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.03 214 Pahunuhunu 383 Partition 10 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.04 258 Pahunuhunu 440 Title investigation 15 Sept, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 77 Pahunuhunu Title investigation 18 Sept, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 94 Pahunuhunu Confirmation of alienation 12 July, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Helensville Whangarei MB No.07 156

Pahunuhunu see also Wharepapa No.3|Wharepapa No.3 see also Pahunuhunu Unknown Kaipara MB No.03 Pahunuhunu No.1 Succession 28 September, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Helensville Kaipara MB No.06 37 Pahunuhunu No.2 101 Title investigation 10 Nov, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 354 Pahunuhunu No.2 Title investigation 10 Nov, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 5 Pahunuhunu No.3 Title investigation 6 July, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 236 Paihawanui 185 Title investigation 22 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Auckland Kaipara MB No.06 358 Paihawanui Title investigation 22 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Auckland Kaipara MB No.06 362 Paihawanui Title investigation 24 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Helensville Kaipara MB No.07 0 Paihia Injunction 25 January, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.11 195 Paihia 7050 Title investigation 20 September, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Opononi Northern MB No.23 5-9 Paihia 7050 Title investigation 27 September, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.23 21-27 Paihia 7050 Title investigation 28 September, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.23 27-107|113-134 Paihia Title investigation 18 October, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.23 142-147 Paihia 98 Title investigation 07 March, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 23

350 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Paihia 89 Rehearing 23 July, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 34 Paihia Title investigation|Appeal 12 Nov, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 214-232|239|244|252-255 Paiti see Waikawa Unknown Kaipara MB No.04 Pakanae No.1 12144 Title investigation 10 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 175-176 Pakanae No.1|Pakanae No.3 Sale 18 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 222-223 Pakanae No.2 Title investigation 11 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 264-265 Pakanae No.2 Title investigation 21 Mar, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.05 90-91 Pakanae No.2 Partition 29 Nov, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.10 48-65 Pakanae No.3 Title investigation 12 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 186-187

Pakanae No.4|Pakanae No.5|Pakanae No.6 Partition 18 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 223-224 Pakanae No.5 740 Partition 15 May, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.20 115 Pakanae No.5 Partition 16 October, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.23 138-141 Pakanae No.5 Title investigation 10 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 177 Pakanae No.5A 580 Partition 19 Feb, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 39 Pakaraka 137 Title investigation 22 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 15 Pakaraka Title investigation 19 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 301 Pakarau Pa Amend order 20 Jan, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 31 Pakautararua 180|22 Title investigation 19 October, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 49|50 Pakeretu 3 Title investigation 18 Jun, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.08 74|76 Pakia Title investigation? 14 Mar, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Rawene Northern MB No.06 367 Pakia No.2|Pakia No.3 Title investigation 3 May, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 341-342 Pakia? 12 Partition 27 June, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.12 33 Pakihiiti 90 Title investigation 1 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 172-178|211 Pakikaikutu Title investigation 15 Mar, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 29 Pakikaikutu 334 Title investigation 15 Sept, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 145 Pakikaikutu 334 Rehearing 14 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 169 Pakikaikutu 334 8 Oct, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 35 Pakikaikutu Relative interests? 18 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 134-142 Pakinga Title investigation? 08 February, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.26 10 Pakinga Partition 11 Apr, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 147|152 Pakinga B 208 Partition 25 September, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.23 11-13 Pakinga B|Pakinga C 208|48 Partition 05 April, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 113-118 Pakiri 30000 Title investigation 3 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 101 Pakiri 30000 Title investigation 6 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 140 Pakiri Title investigation 7 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 147 Pakiri Title investigation 26 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 191 Pakiri Partition 24 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 23 Pakiri Partition 30 Oct, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 54 Pakiri Partition 17 September, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 399 Pakirikiri No.1 9 Lease 4 May, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Kapanga, Coromandel Auckland MB No.05 7 Pakohu Appeal|Title investigation 29 October, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.28 36-39|41-62 Pakohu No.1 Title investigation 24 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.17 338-343|351-364|376-379 Pakonga 55 Title investigation 07 March, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 26 Pakonga Partition 25 Sep, 1890 1890 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.10 193 Pakonga No.2 546 Title investigation 12 September, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.27 84-86|90-91|94 Pakonga No.2 Title investigation 26 Sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.28 135|147-148 Paku 371 Title investigation 12 Feb, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 189|304 Paneka 1425 Title investigation 24 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 225 Paneka ? 24 Feb, 1871? 1871 1865-1874 Kaipara MB No.02 225 Paneka|Paihawanui Succession 28 September, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Helensville Kaipara MB No.06 25 Panikuri 116 Title investigation 18 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 300 Panoke Succession 24 August, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.05 118 Papakauri Succession 30 August, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.12 66-71 Papakauri 32 Title investigation 1 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 180-183|314

351 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Papakauri Title investigation? 10 Dec, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 361 Papakauri 960 Title investigation 30 Mar, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.05 109 Papakauri 1012 Title investigation 10 Feb, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Waimate Northern MB No.06 295-296|298-316 Papakauri Title investigation 25 Apr, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Waimate Northern MB No.07 139-148 Papakauri A Partition 16 April, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.13 12-15|21|28 Papakauri B (Rakaututahi) 502 Partition 17 April, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.13 16|21 Papakauri Wheronui Title investigation 12 September, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.27 86-87 Papakohatu Title investigation 2 Apr, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 133-134 Papakuri 3167 Title investigation 16 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 126 Paparoa 4540 Title investigation 27 June, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Tukapoto Kaipara MB No.01 15 Paparoa Succession 21 September, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.04 332 Paparoa Equitable owners 28 September, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Helensville Kaipara MB No.06 33 Paparoa Confirmation of alienation 28 Sept, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Pahi Kaipara MB No.07 254 Paparoa Confirmation of alienation 5 Dec, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Helensville Kaipara MB No.07 266 Paparoa Partition|Sale 17 July, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Helensville Whangarei MB No.07 192-193 Paparoa Relative interests 19 Sep, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Helensville Auckland MB No.06 14-16 Paparoa Confirmation of alienation 11 Jan, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 226-229 Paparoa Confirmation of alienation?|C18 Jan, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 20-27 Paparoa Confirmation of alienation 19 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 142-143 Papatawa 262 Title investigation 18 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 207 Papurona 1220 Title investigation 22 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 223 Paraeanui see also Te Rawhiti|Taupiri see also Te Rawhiti|Te Pahii see also Te Rawhiti|Tangatapu etc . . Unknown Russell Northern MB No.35 . Parahaki Title investigation 16 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 147 Parahaki No.1 26 Title investigation 16 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 149 Parahaki No.2 10 Title investigation 16 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 150 Parahaki No.3 164 Title investigation 16 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 151 Paraheke Title investigation 16 August, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 68 Parahirahi 5097 Partition 7 Feb, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Waimate Northern MB No.06 283-297|316-324? Parahirahi Partition 24 Apr, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Waimate Northern MB No.07 138 Parahirahi 5097 Partition 15 Oct, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Waimate Northern MB No.07 155-159 Parahirahi A|Parahirahi B|Parahirahi C Partition 15 Oct, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 51-59 Parahirahi No.1A|Parahirahi No.1D Exchange of shares 01 November, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.23 176-177 Parakerake 3054 Title investigation 29 July, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Ahipara Northern MB No.01 44|45 Parakiore 26 Title investigation 26 Aug, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 284 Parangarahu 22 Oct, 1896? 1896? 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 62 Parangarau|Otito 676, 62 Title investigation 20 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 216 Paraoanui (Parawanui) 7 Title investigation 07 October, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Northern MB No.12 128-129 Parapara Partition 15 October, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.12 299-302 Parapara 1643 Title investigation|Partition 05 March, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 131-139|145-146 Parapara No.1 Partition 13 June, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.16 60-61 Parapuka No.2 119 Title investigation 21 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 9 Parapuka No.2 see also Wharepapa No.4 Unknown Kaipara MB No.03 Pararako No.2|Pumanawa Title investigation 26 July, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.18 64-73|76 Parawai Appeal 10 Jan, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 88-89|90-92|93-95 Parawai Church Mission (part of) Confirmation of alienation 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 124 Parawanui 48 Succession 23 Mar, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.05 94-95 Parawanui? No.1|Parawanui? No.2 Title investigation 22 June, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Rawene Northern MB No.12 22 Parekura 56 Title investigation 16 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 146 Parengarenga 49800 Title investigation 17 September, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.17 57-88|95-215|292-293|296 Parengarenga see also Te Kao . . Unknown . Northern MB No.18 . Parengaroa ? 11 May, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 1-6 Pareraihe 73 Title investigation 25 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 278 Parikiore No. 2 Title investigation 10 Nov, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 1

352 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Parikuri Public Works Act 8 Oct, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 31-34 Pariotane 166? Title investigation 18 August, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 39 Paripari 3 Title investigation 26 October, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Ahipara Northern MB No.01 6 Paripari 1 Title investigation 05 May, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 104 Paripari No.4 17 Sale 06 March, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 146 Paripari No.4 17 Title investigation 2 March, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 113-114 Pariraunui 66 Title investigation 30 April, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 86 Paroa 91 Title investigation 02 July, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.17 8-9 Parua 833 Title investigation 17 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 8 Parua 394 Title investigation 5 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 63 Pataua 339 Title investigation 20 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 218 Patiki Relative interests 26 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.17 344-347 Patiki 2219 Title investigation 30 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 62-63|67-68 Patiki Partition 19 May, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 244|250|253 Patipatiarero 56 Title investigation 10 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 261-263 Patotara 53 Title investigation 30 June, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Tukapoto Kaipara MB No.01 39 Patumutumu 1409 Title investigation 10 Dec, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 361-370 Patumutumu Rehearing 22 Jan, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.04 257 Patupukapuka 22 Title investigation 07 March, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 24 Paua No.2 9 Title investigation 02 March, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 114-117 Pautouto Partition|Appeal 9 Nov, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 211-212 Pautouto No.2 164 Partition 06 April, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 119-122|127-132|135 Pehiaweri Partition 19 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 99 Pehiaweri? 289 Title investigation 22 Aug, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 59 Pekapekarau Title investigation 22 May, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 124 Pepepe Parish Lot 152|Pepepe Parish Lot 155|Pepepe Parish Lot 158 Confirmation of alienation 28 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 160-161 Pepepe Parish Lot 45 Confirmation of alienation 26 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 151-152 Pepepe Parish Lot 49 28 Completion of purchase 7 May, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 133 Perapera No.1 East Partition 03 April, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.12 258-259 Peria 1130 Title investigation 19 December, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 3 Peruhia 203 Partition 13 June, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.16 58|92|94 Piha Title investigation 20 Jan, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 134 Pikiparia 758 Title investigation|Partition 01 March, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.12 173-174|179 Pikiparia 758 Title investigation|Partition 01 March, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.27 12|13-14 Pikopikokaumatua 51 Title investigation 5 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 50 Pipiwai Title investigation 14 May, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 363 Pipiwharauroa 281 Partition|Sale 19 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 100-103 Pipiwharauroa Sale 16 Oct, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 165|170 Pirikotaha 271 Title investigation 07 December, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.13 260-293 Pirikotaha No.9 Partition 04 December, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.25 2-6|8-9 Piritaha 1076 Title investigation? 28 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 133 Piritaha 1076 Title investigation? 7 Dec, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 183 Pohoatua Title investigation 08 May, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 346 Pohoatua No.2 113 Title investigation 18 January, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 79 Pohoatua No.2 Title investigation 19 January, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 86 Pohoatua? 528 Title investigation 14 August, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 18 Pohoatua? Title investigation 20 January, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 105 Pohutu 424 Title investigation 1 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 90 Poike 527 Title investigation 24 Aug, 1899? 1899? 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 110 Poike Title investigation 26 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 114-120 Pokaka 138 Title investigation 20 July ,1898 1898 1890-1899 Kaeo Northern MB No.18 42-57|60-62 Pokapu 421 Title investigation 25 Sep, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 239 Pokapu 421 Partition 6 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 177-178 Pokapu Title investigation 21 Mar, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 31-32

353 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Pokapu Waiorehua? 464 Title investigation 5 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 46 Pokatuawhenua Succession 29 Mar, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.05 105-107|111 Pokatuawhenua Succession 15 Apr, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Taumarere, Kawakawa Northern MB No.05 147 Pokeka A Confirmation of Alienation 09 September, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Kawakawa Northern MB No.18 79-80 Pokeka A 423 Title investigation 03 November, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.23 182-183 Poniwhenua 72 Title investigation 02 March, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.02 3-4

Popoia see also Ruapekapeka No.1E|Ruapekapeka No.1E see also Popoia Unknown Porangi 203 Title investigation 16 Mar, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 8-9 Porinui No.1 1 Title investigation 28 March, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Waiparu Kaipara MB No.01 53 Porinui No.2 1 Title investigation 29 June, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Tukapoto Kaipara MB No.01 35 Porotaka 590 Title investigation 23 November, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.24 97-104 Porotaka 590 Title investigation 24 November, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.24 108-116|119-137|145-188 Porotaka Title investigation 04 December, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.25 1-2|6-8|18-19|26-27 Poroti Title investigation|Partition 6 Nov, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 327 Poroti Title investigation 10 Nov, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 1 Poroti Confirmation of alienation 6 April, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 44-45 Poroti No.1 Title investigation 18 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 298 Poroti No.1 Sale 8 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 197-198 Poroti No.2 54 29 Sep, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 357-358 Poroti No.2 Sale 5 May, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 7-8 Poroti No.2|Poroti No.3 Removal of restrictions 1 Sep, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 219|221 Poroti No.5 Title investigation 14 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 79 Poroti No.6 35 Partition 7 Dec, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 180 Potaka Partition 13 Apr, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.07 96 Poukai 69 Title investigation 06 December, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.25 9-17|20-44|48-50 Pouto Partition 16 July, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Helensville Whangarei MB No.07 175-191 Pouto No.2 Title investigation 04 July, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 311 Pouto No.2 Succession 08 February, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.05 77 Pouto No.2 ? 20 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Auckland Kaipara MB No.06 334 Pouto No.2 Succession 22 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Auckland Kaipara MB No.06 358 Pouto No.2 50649 Validation 4 Aug, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Pahi Kaipara MB No.07 1 Pouto No.2 Relative interests 6 Aug, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Pahi Kaipara MB No.07 34 Pouto No.2 Relative interests 7 August, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Pahi Kaipara MB No.07 56 Pouto No.2 Relative interests 12 Aug, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Kaipara MB No.07 130 Pouto No.2 48333 Partition 10 Oct, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Helensville Kaipara MB No.07 159 Pouto No.2 Partition 20 Apr, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 160-164 Pouto No.2 ? 27 Dec, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 117-119 Pouto No.2 see also Ripiro Unknown Kaipara MB No.04 Pouto No.2E Partition 30 Sept, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Pahi Kaipara MB No.07 255 Poutu 10 Title investigation 25 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 30 Puahapi No.2 Confirmation of alienation 22 Aug, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 149-150 Puatahi 823 Title investigation 28 March, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Waiparu Kaipara MB No.01 52 Puatahi Public Works Act 24 June, 1887 1887 1881-1889 Kaipara Kaipara MB No.05 57 Puataraire 256 Title investigation 5 May, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 350-352|354-380 Puataraire Partition 15 Jan, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 92 Puha 343 Title investigation 25 January,1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.11 190-192|195 Puha Title investigation 29 January, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.11 208-281|284-351|353-376 Puha Title investigation? 13 Feb, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 1-36|46 232-236|239-245|264-265|272- Puha Title investigation|Appeal 14 Nov, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 273 Puhata|Te Takanga|Mangakino|Pukehuia Sale 15 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 204-206 Puhikairarunga or Pukekairunga? 32? Title investigation 07 May, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 339 Puhipuhi Title investigation 18 Apr, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Taumarere, Kawakawa Northern MB No.05 151-184

354 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Puhipuhi 25,000? Title investigation 21 Apr, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Kawakawa Northern MB No.06 1-34|35-37 Puhipuhi Rehearing 10 May, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Kawakawa Northern MB No.06 89-234 Puhipuhi No.4 3000 Partition 13 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 104-106 Puhipuhi No.4 Partition 17 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 125-126 Puhipuhi No.4 1 Injunction 04 November, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.24 7-8 Puhipuhi No.4A Relative interests 28 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 130-132 Puhipuhi No.4B 1100 Partition 24 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 148-149 Puhipuhi No.4B Injunction 01 November, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.23 175 Puhipuhi No.5 Compensation Court 30 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 133-135 Puhipuhi No.5 Title investigation|Relative int 11 Sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 216-217 Puhipuhi No.5 Partition 15 Sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 244-248 Puhipuhi No.5 (part of) Confirmation of alienation 4 Oct, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 116-118 Puhitahi Title investigation 1 Oct, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 102-108 Puhoi 2537 Title investigation 29 Jan, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Waiwerawera Mahurangi MB No.1 35 Puhoi No.139 (part of) Confirmation of alienation 16 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 140 Pukahakaha 508 Title investigation 26 Nov, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 113 Pukahakaha ? 30 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 140? Pukaki Partition 29 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 181-182 Pukanui Equitable owners 15 Jun, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 324-331|333-334 Pukanui Confirmation of alienation 8 Jul, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 144 Pukapuka Lot 238 Sec.16 94 Succession 3 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 46-50 Pukarikari 13 Title investigation 3 May, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 342 Pukawa? No.2 326 Sale 17 Aug, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 48-49 Pukearanga 202 Title investigation 10 Mar, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.03 233 Pukeatua 1754 Title investigation 28 June, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Tukapoto Kaipara MB No.01 27 Pukeatua Succession 21 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 11 Pukeatua Equitable owners 28 September, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Helensville Kaipara MB No.06 33 Pukeatua Equitable owners 07 October, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Auckland Kaipara MB No.06 44 Pukeatua Relative interests 19 Sep, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Helensville Auckland MB No.06 12-13 Pukeatua Partition 17 Aug, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 50-55|67-70|71-74 Pukeatua D Partition 11 July, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Helensville Whangarei MB No.07 147-148 Pukeatua D 169 Equitable Owners?|Completio7 May, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 130-131 Pukeatua D ??|Payment of Monies 4 Sep, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 196 Pukeatua D 169 Confirmation of alienation 9 Jan, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 209-210 Pukeatua D Confirmation of alienation 18 Jan, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 20 Pukeatua? Equitable owners 19 Sep, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Helensville Auckland MB No.06 9-11 Pukehaka Partition 15 May, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 255 Pukehuia 6800 Title investigation 22 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 16 Pukehuia 180 Title investigation 25 Mar, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangawhare Kaipara MB No.03 101 Pukehuia 380 Partition 18 September, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.05 172 Pukehuia 3270 Title investigation 2 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 123-124 Pukehuia No.2 1412 Partition 12 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 12-14|29-33 Pukehuia No.2 1401 Title investigation 15 Mar, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.05 40-65|67-71|78 Pukehuia No.2 Rehearing 22 May, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Hokianga Northern MB No.10 288 Pukekahikatoa 345 Title investigation 15 June, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.16 63-91|93 Pukekahikatoa Title investigation 19 September, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.17 89-94 Pukekahikatoa Partition 23 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.17 332|334-337 Pukekahikatoa 349 Title investigation 2 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 127-128 Pukekauere 275 Title investigation 02 July, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 296 Pukekauri Title investigation 8 Nov, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 341 Pukekauri No. 1|Pukekauri No. 2 Partition 10 Nov, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 4 Pukekohe, see Te Tapuwae Title investigation , 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 . Pukekorari 188 Title investigation 9 January, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 113 Pukemata Title investigation 27 Nov, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 104 Pukemauri No.1C Confirmation of alienation 18 Jan, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 28

355 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Pukemiro 282 Title investigation 17 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 97 Pukemiro No.2 110 Title investigation 1 Dec, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 101 Pukemokimoki 58 Title investigation 16 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 140 Pukenui 990 Title investigation 10 Mar, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.03 232 Pukenui 1195 Title investigation 16 Mar, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 79 Pukenui 108 Title investigation 08 March, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 164-186 Pukeokui 189 Title investigation 15 Sept, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 147 Pukeokui 189 Partition 26 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 161-162 Pukeokui No.1|Ruapekapeka No.7 Exchange of shares 21 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 88 Pukeokui No.1|Ruapekapeka No.7E Exchange of shares 13 Sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 232-233 Pukeokui No.3 Partition 12 Sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 219 Pukepoto A 3809 Partition 22 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 317 Pukepoto C Partition 6 July, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 253-256 Pukepoto C No.5 595 Partition 1 Dec, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 98-99 Pukepoto C5 ? 15 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 291-294 Pukepoto No.1 382 Title investigation 17 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 192 Pukepukerau Title investigation 19 September, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.05 176 Pukepukerau Confirmation of alienation 27 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 268 Puketaha 13 Title investigation 26 Sep, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 257 Puketapu No.1 Partition 2 Nov, 1887 1887 1881-1889 Waimate Northern MB No.08 403-404 Puketapu No.1 Partition 3 Nov, 1887 1887 1881-1889 Waimate Northern MB No.09 1-2 Puketapu No.1B Sale 05 March, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.26 102 Puketawa Title investigation 21 Jan, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.04 254|258 Puketoro (Remana) 170 Title investigation 27 May, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.07 377-378|381 Puketoro (Remana) Title investigation 28 May, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.08 1 Puketotara 8637 Title investigation 28 June, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Tukapoto Kaipara MB No.01 27 Puketotara 180 Title investigation 22 Aug, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 61 Puketotara Title investigation 25 Sep, 1890 1890 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.10 189-191|197 Puketotara Title investigation 26 Nov, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 1-4 Puketotara No.2 2587 Title investigation 09 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.04 251 Puketotara No.2 Title investigation 09 June, 1885? 1885 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.04 257 Puketotara No.2 see also Waitakere Unknown Kaipara MB No.04 Puketutu 6050 Title investigation 18 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 205 Pukewera 295 Title investigation 08 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.04 245 Pukewharariki 2552 Title investigation 08 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.02 65-66 Pukewharariki 2552 Sale 24 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 139|149-150|210 Pukoro No.2 Title investigation 25 Apr, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 172-173 Pukuweka see Rangitoto Tuhua No.2 Unknown Whangarei MB No.08 Pumanawa 34 Title investigation 19 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 82 Punakitere 7557 Title investigation 2 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 119-122 Punakitere Sale 12 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 194 Punakitere No.2 4267 Partition 22 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 57-60 Punakitere No.2 4767 Title investigation 20 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 85-111|115-126|128-129 Punakitere No.2 Title investigation 3 May, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Kawakawa Northern MB No.06 72-81 Punakitere No.2 Rehearing 16 Apr, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.07 114 Punakitere No.2 Title investigation|Rehearing 5 Dec, 1888 1888 1881-1889 Waimate Northern MB No.09 35-60 Punaruku 3003 Title investigation 25 Aug, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 266 Punaruku Enquiry 1 Dec, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 95 Pungarehuroa? 355 Confirmation of alienation 25 Feb, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 33 Pupuke 50 Title investigation 4 April, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Maungawetere, Wairoa Kaipara MB No.02 17 Pupuke Relative interests 04 November, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.18 203-212 Pupuke Rehearing? 14 May, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Waimate Northern MB No.10 285-286|287 Pupuke 2396 Rehearing 17 Jun, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.10 293|295-332|337-349 Pupuke? 2396 Title investigation 18 Feb, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.06 327-330 Pupuke|Maungaemiemi ? 2 Apr, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.04 276

356 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Pureirei 2 Title investigation 7 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 230 Puriritahi 131 Title investigation 21 Aug, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 55 Puriritahi B|Tiawhenua|Waikaraka Succession 19 Mar, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 90 Purua Title investigation 25 Feb, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 136 Purua Native Reserve Block 1 9 Sale 5 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 172 198|202|214-215|222-252|255- Putakiwi? Title investigation 04 November, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.18 259|276-277|290 Putata Title investigation 03 July, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 299 Putataka? 140 Title investigation 17 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 20 Putatoihoi? Title investigation 20 Jan, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.04 243-244 Putetaka 140 Partition 28 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 131-132 Putuputu? No.5 Compensation 6 July, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 238|243 Puwai 5 Title investigation 2 Apr, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 132 Raeakareao Partition 21 April, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Kawakawa Northern MB No.13 52-53 Raekau 95 Title investigation 20 February, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Te Tanoa, Otamatea Kaipara MB No.02 57 Raekau Partition|Relative interests 12 July, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Helensville Whangarei MB No.07 158 Raekau Partition|Relative interests 13 July, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Helensville Whangarei MB No.07 165-168 Raekotare? 8 Title investigation 07 March, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 25 Rahuikuri 138 Title investigation 17 Mar, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 87 Rahuikuri Succession 24 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 151-156 Rahurahu 20 Title investigation 3 September, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Maungawetere, Wairoa Kaipara MB No.02 1 Rahurahu 20 Title investigation 4 September, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Maungawetere, Wairoa Kaipara MB No.02 6 Rahurahu Title investigation 22 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 320 Rakaupara 3 Title investigation 24 June, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.12 29-30 Rakauwahi 1422 Title investigation 08 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.02 66-67 Rakauwahi 1422 Sale 24 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 138|150 Rakauwhatia 413 Title investigation 9 January, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 115 Raketu? (Rakitu?) 626 Title investigation 9 Jan, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.02 17-45 Rangai 10 Title investigation 16 March, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.14 339 Rangaunu 1164 Partition 06 December, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.13 249-255 Rangiahua 66 Title investigation 18 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 156 Rangiawhia Lease 29 June, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.12 261 Rangiawhia No.1|Rangiawhia No.2 80|293 Title investigation 5 Feb, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 109-119|190 Rangiawhia No.2 Partition 30 Apr, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 186|198 Rangiora 233 Title investigation 15 August, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 63 Rangirangia 176 Title investigation 19 December, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 2 Rangitoto Title investigation 4 Aug, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 41 Raoraotawa 86 Title investigation 21 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 12 Rarakau? Partition 12 Oct, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.28 260 Rarapuka? No.2A? Removal of restrictions 26 Feb, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 26-27|74 Rarawa Title investigation 13 July, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Ahipara Northern MB No.01 1 Rarotonga Partition 2 Aug, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Ahipara Northern MB No.09 348-350|352|361-364 Rarotonga A 1677 Partition 18 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 46-48|53 Rarotonga A2 708 Partition 07 April, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 124-126 Rarotonga see Rawhitiroa|Waipipi see Rawhitiroa|Huahua see Rawhitiroa|Ngamaku see Rawhitiroa Title investigation Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 1 Rarotonga|Rawhitiroa 3360 Partition 23 Jan, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Rawene (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 468-471 Ratakamaru Partition 20 Mar, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.07 130-132 Ratakamaru? 95 Title investigation 15 Mar, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Rawene Northern MB No.06 371 Raumanga 10 Title investigation 4 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 38 Raumanga 1139 Title investigation 17 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 185 Raumanga Partition 22 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 223 Raumanga Partition 7 Feb, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 310 Rautawhiri 95 Title investigation 15 August, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 62

357 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Rautawhiri No.2 355 (350?) Title investigation 9 January, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 109 Rautawhiri No.3 62 Title investigation 9 January, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 112 Rawhitiroa 349 Title investigation 16 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 123 Rawhitiroa Title investigation 4 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 212-226 Rawhitiroa Partition 11 Mar, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.05 10-11 Rawhitiroa|Rarotonga Title investigation 25 Jan, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 1-4|8-19 Rehuatane 730 Title investigation 16 Sept, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 152 Reiwhatia 219 Relative interests 28 February, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.26 84-85 Remuruwai 1293 Removal of restrictions 19 Sep, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Helensville Auckland MB No.06 8-9

Rimurere Pohoatua? No.2|Mangakakahi No.2 Succession?|Amend order 23 May, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 99-103|106-108 Ripiro see also Pouto No.2 Unknown Kaipara MB No.03 Rotokakahi Partition? 2 Aug, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Ahipara Northern MB No.09 345-347|358-361 Rotokakahi A 7821 Partition 19 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 53-56|63-64 Rotokakahi A3 2486 Partition 24 January, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.11 188|189-190|193-194 Rotokauae Title investigation 09 May, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 353 Rotokauae Title investigation 14 May, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 364 Rotomate Title investigation 2 Feb, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 293 Ruapekapeka 5700 Title investigation|Partition 20 April, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Kawakawa Northern MB No.13 30-52|54-69 Ruapekapeka No.1 3226 Partition 29 October, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.23 166-168|170-174|177-180 Ruapekapeka No.6 464 Partition 12 September, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.27 84|86|89|91|123-124 Ruapekapeka No.7 753 Partition 26 September, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.27 205-206|229|250|318-321 Ruarangihaereere Title investigation 20 February, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Te Tanoa, Otamatea Kaipara MB No.02 35 Ruarangihaereere 507 Title investigation 1 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 95 Ruarangihaereere 507 Title investigation 3 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 104 Ruarangihaereere Partition 20 Jan, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 136 Ruarangihaereere No.1 253 Sale? 18 Aug, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 62 Ruataewao 2020 Title investigation 14 May, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 363 Ruatetaniwha Title investigation 16 Mar, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 74 Ruatetaniwha 7 Title investigation 14 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 80 Rukuai 630 Title investigation 15 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 108 Rukuai No.1 40 Title investigation 15 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 11 Rukupo 54 Title investigation 09 May, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 356 Ruraroa 685 Title investigation 29 July, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Ahipara Northern MB No.01 43|44 Spithill Block, Whananaki Confirmation of alienation 23 Oct, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 52-53 Taharoa|Maunganui Succession 21 January, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 108 Taheke 3810 Title investigation 20 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 214 Taheke 484 Title investigation 31 August, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 16 Taiarau Title investigation 17 Mar, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 39 Taiharuru 369 Title investigation 26 Sep, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 258 Taiharuru 422 Partition 9 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 229-235 Taiharuru No.5 Sale 8 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 198 Taihoa 223 Title investigation 7 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 230 Taikanini Title investigation 16 Mar, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 80 Taikarawa Succession 26 January, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.11 196-197 Taikoia 206 Title investigation 4 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 33 Taipaku|Pukewhare ? 26 May, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 Taiwhatiwhati 300 Title investigation 13 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 269 Taiwhatiwhati Title investigation 18 Mar, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.05 77|79-82 Taiwhatiwhati (Waianui No.1) Partition 27 Apr, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 183-184 Taiwhatiwhati (Waianui No.1) Partition 2 Dec, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.10 66-67 Taiwhatiwhati (Waionui?) 300 Partition 02 March, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.27 15 Taiwhatiwhati D Succession 27 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 75-78 Taiwhatiwhati No.1B 281 Partition 27 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 73-74 Taiwhatiwhati|Waiauri No.1B 300 Memorandum 03 March, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.12 191

358 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Takahue No.1 24122 Title investigation 30 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 57-60 Takahue No.1|Takahue No.2 Sale 04 May, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 86-87 Takahue No.2 4405 Title investigation 31 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 61 Takapuna Parish Lot 30|Takapuna Parish Lot 31 7 Confirmation of alienation 4 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 55-56 Takapuna Parish Sec.1 Lot 30 Confirmation of alienation? 26 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 98-99 Takapuna Parish Sec.1 Lot 32 (South-east portion) Confirmation of alienation 26 aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 150 Takapuna Sec.73 (Aruamo?) 126 Succession 5 Feb, 1884 1884 1881-1889 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 33-35 Takeke? 79 Title investigation 30 December, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Ahipara Northern MB No.01 7 Takotohau A 11 Title investigation 17 Oct, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 168-169 Takotohau? 100 Title investigation 5 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 53-56 Takou East 1237 Title investigation 01 May, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 66-67 Tamahunga 404 Title investigation 10 Mar, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.03 231 Tanaki? ? 08 November, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.18 221-222|254 Tangatakotahi 7 Title investigation 19 May, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 245 Tangihua Title investigation 24 Feb, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 131 Tangihua No.1 2050 Partition 18 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 298-300 Tangihua No.1A Partition 21 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 308-316 Tangotango 243 Title investigation 15 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 135 Tangotu 13 Title investigation 16 Sept, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 93 Taniwhanui 10 Title investigation 15 Sept, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 83 Tapapanui Partition 13 November, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.24 48-50|80-83|90-94|96-97 Tapapanui Equitable Owners? 21 September, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.27 162-164 Tapapanui Partition 6 Apr, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.05 139A Tapatoki Compensation 17 Mar, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 40 Tapatoki see also Hauhau? Unknown Tapuae No.3B Partition? 29 May, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.20 170 Tapuwae 8374 Title investigation 6 Feb, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 131-185 Tapuwae Rehearing 3 Mar, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 411|414-455 Tapuwae Rehearing 9 Mar, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.05 1-7|83|91-93|95-96 Tapuwae No.3 1040 Partition 11 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 4-8|20-22|24-27 Tapuwae No.3 Partition? 05 May, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.21 20 Tapuwae No.4 Survey 24 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.22 15-16|80-81|125-127 Tapuwae|Matawera Title investigation 10 May, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 387 Taraire 915 Title investigation 11 Feb, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 188 Taraire Title investigation 8 Jun, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.08 39-41 Tarakiekie 1795 Title investigation 09 May, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 348 Taranga Title investigation 17 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 19 Tarata 50 Title investigation 16 Sept, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 153 Tarata|Tangotu Sale 26 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 163 Taraunui 34 Title investigation 26 Nov, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 109 Tarawapaki 36 Title investigation 22 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 222 Tarawatuturuwhati 1 Title investigation 11 Feb, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 187 Tarawaunui 3 30 Mar, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.05 107 Tatarariki Confirmation of alienation 27 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 273 Tatarariki No.1 Succession 13 January, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 59 Taukata 115 Title investigation 10 Nov, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 2 Taukata 117 Partition 12 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 60 Taumatahinau 1195 Title investigation 13 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 75 Taumatarau Partition 12 December, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Kawakawa Northern MB No.11 50-51 Taumatawiwi 2257 Title investigation 10 March, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 187-189 Taungako 2115 Title investigation 17 Mar, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 71 Taupaki 12868 Title investigation 4 January, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 76 Tauranga Title investigation 15 Mar, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 30

359 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Tauranga 197 Title investigation 16 Mar, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 76 Taurangakawau 190 Title investigation 22 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 221 Taurangakotuku 500 Title investigation 15 Sept, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 79 Tauroa 10570 Sale 10 March, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 190 Tautahere 693 Partition 11 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 1-4 Tautehere 693 Title investigation 7 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 231-258|316-319 Tautehihi see also? Tauteihihi|Tauteihihi see also? Tautehihi|Tarawatuturuwhati etc . . Unknown . . Tautehihi No.1 166 Title investigation 25 Jan, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 93|108 Tautehihi No.2 229 Title investigation 25 Jan, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 93-94|98-105|172|182 Tauwhare 243 Title investigation 20 Jan, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 137 Tauwhatiwhati 300 Partition 05 October, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.12 105-107 Tawapuku 105 Title investigation 01 May, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 11 Tawharanui 1210 Title investigation 15 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 136 Tawharanui Title investigation 17 Mar, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 72 Tawharanui Title investigation 20 Mar, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 93 Tawhitirahi No.1C Confirmation of alienation 31 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 187 Tawhitirahi No.1D Confirmation of alienation 31 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 189-190 Tawhitowhenua No.5|Te Pure B Confirmation of alienation 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 130 Te Ahiarara|Whangaiti? 145 Title investigation 22 Feb, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 120 Te Ahimate 75 Title investigation 16 Sept, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 154 Te Ahitunutawa? 28 Title investigation 29 August, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.12 57-61 Te Ahua 624 Title investigation 21 July, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 40 Te Akaaka No.1 (part of) Confirmation of alienation 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 129 Te Akaaka No.2A Confirmation of alienation 16 Nov, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 111-113 Te Akaaka No.2A Confirmation of alienation 6 Oct, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 150 Te Akaaka No.2B Confirmation of alienation 11 Jan, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 87 Te Akaaka No.4A Confirmation of alienation 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 135 Te Akaata No.2A Confirmation of alienation 16 Nov, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 109-110 Te Akau Payment of Monies 21 Feb, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 19-20 Te Akau Completion of purchase?|Pay20 Aug, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 70-71|190 Te Akeake Succession 26 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 33 Te Akeake 9 Title investigation 26 Jan, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Waiwerawera Mahurangi MB No.1 15 Te Aooterangi Succession 13 Mar, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 44-48|49-52 Te Aotahi 126 Title investigation 17 Dec, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 243 Te Aotahi Title investigation 19 Dec, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 246 Te Aotahi 126 Title investigation 8 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 281 Te Aotahi Title investigation 11 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 308 Te Aou Patiki 5 Title investigation 26 January, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Ahipara Northern MB No.01 5 Te Aroha Title investigation 12 Jan, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.02 46-355 Te Aroha Title investigation 9 Feb, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.03 1-368 Te Aroha Block 9 Sec.27B Trustees 4 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 157 Te Aroha Block IX Lot 30 Confirmation of alienation 9 Jan, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 211 Te Aroha Block XII Sec.44 Confirmation of alienation? 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 124 Te Aupouri 1022 Sale 16 Dec, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 236 Te Aupouri 1022 Title investigation 10 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 227-239 Te Aupouri Title investigation 10 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 242-273 Te Aupouri Title investigation 14 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 278-279 Te Aute Partition 23 Mar, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.07 25|115 Te Awahe Partition 9 May, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Kawakawa Northern MB No.06 86-88 Te Awahe see Oturei No.2 Unknown Te Awahe? 33 Title investigation 17 Apr, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Taumarere, Kawakawa Northern MB No.05 150 Te Awamutu 20 Title investigation 6 July, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 264 Te Haawhe Title investigation 7 Feb, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 311 Te Hape Title investigation 3 Feb, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 297

360 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Te Hape Title investigation 7 Feb, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 310 Te Hape North No.1|Te Karaka South No.1 Confirmation of alienation 11 Jan, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 225-226|238|256 Te Haumapu 485 ? 20 Feb, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.06 338 Te Haumi 226 Title investigation 4 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 35 Te Heke 4105 Title investigation 28 July, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 186 Te Hihi 25 Title investigation 7 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 223-224 Te Hoanga 49 Title investigation 01 May, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 65-66 Te Hoanga 49 Title investigation 02 March, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 111 Te Horo 109 Title investigation 22 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 170 Te Horo 132 Title investigation 1 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 179 Te Horo 132 Sale 1 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 183 Te Horo No.1C Confirmation of alienation 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 124 Te Horo No.2|Hairere No.2 Confirmation of alienation 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 125 Te Hororoa 41 Title investigation 21 July, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 39 Te Horu Title investigation 27 May, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.17 321 Te Huawai 729 Title investigation 26 Jan, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Waiwerawera Mahurangi MB No.1 18 Te Huehue 6730 Title investigation 21 Jan, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Rawene (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 416-443 Te Huehue Title investigation 27 Jan, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 20-24|75 Te Huia? 1656 Title investigation 14 Mar, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Rawene Northern MB No.06 367-369 Te Ihumapuna 106 Title investigation 7 January, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 96 Te Iringa Opiriri|Kawhiti B|Te Aroha Block XII Sec.48 Completion of purchase 26 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 145-146 Te Iringanui Title investigation 25 June, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Tukapoto Kaipara MB No.01 4 Te Iweri? 99 Title investigation 26 Aug, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 283 Te Kahikatea 4 Title investigation 9 Apr, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.07 85-87|115|119 Te Kao Injunction 05 October, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Northern MB No.18 9 Te Kao 49800 Partition 26 July, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.28 101-103 Te Kao (Parengarenga) Appeal|Title investigation 24 October, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.28 4-28|35-36|62-63 Te Kao No.4 Appeal|Title investigation 29 October, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.28 39-40 Te Kao see also Parengarenga Unknown Northern MB No.18 Te Karaka 11710 Title investigation 15 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 112 Te Karaka 83 Title investigation 02 July, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.17 10 88-96|104-114|118|120|129- Te Karaka 148 Title investigation 11 Apr, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.07 130|132|136 Te Karaka 575? Title investigation|Survey 26 Nov, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 12-14|112-114 Te Karawa Partition 17 April, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.13 17-20|22-27|28-29 362-369|372-375|376-378|383- Te Karawa 76 Title investigation 20 Oct, 1887 1887 1881-1889 Waimate Northern MB No.08 385|397-398 86|93|227-229|247|254- Te Karetu 8900 Title investigation 12 September, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.27 318|322-351 83-106|110-142|144-151|162- Te Karetu? ? 04 October, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.18 170 Te Karu 417 Title investigation 19 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 85 Te Kauri 4 Title investigation 7 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 147 Te Kauri 261 Title investigation 01 May, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 69-70 Te Kauri 180 Title investigation 24 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 131 Te Kawau 100 Title investigation 22 February, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Te Tanoa, Otamatea Kaipara MB No.02 69 Te Kerepaka No.1B1 Confirmation of alienation 16 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 141 Te Keti 106 Title investigation 31 Jan, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 171 Te Kie Title investigation 22 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 12 Te Kiripaka 4 Title investigation 5 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.02 258 Te Koanga? No.2 ? 24 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 275 Te Kohai 120 Succession 12 August, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 1 Te Komiti 9000 Title investigation 10 Oct, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Helensville Kaipara MB No.07 161 Te Komiti Partition? 30 Sept, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Pahi Kaipara MB No.07 255

361 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Te Komiti Partition 12 July, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Helensville Whangarei MB No.07 155-158 Te Komiti Succession 24 Jun, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.08 88|124-127|157-158 Te Komiti Succession 1 Nov, 1887 1887 1881-1889 Waimate Northern MB No.08 402-403 Te Koropana 4 Title investigation 15 Sept, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 74 Te Kotuku, see Te Tapuwae Title investigation , 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 . Te Koutu 3 Equitable owners 05 April, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 112-113|118-119 Te Kumete 2 Title investigation 20 September, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.27 146-147|167 Te Kumi 112 Title investigation 4 September, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Maungawetere, Wairoa Kaipara MB No.02 2 Te Kura Title investigation 11 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 265 Te Kura Title investigation 13 Mar, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.05 18 Te Kuriwhakaangaanga, see Te Tapuwae Title investigation , 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 . Te Mai 15 Title investigation 4 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 27 Te Mai 13 Title investigation 15 Sept, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 77 Te Maika 486 Title investigation 26 Aug, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 279 Te Maire 23 Title investigation 24 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 130 Te Makiri Title investigation 16 August, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 70 Te Makiri 515 Title investigation 4 January, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 71 Te Mani? 1 Title investigation 15 Mar, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.05 39 Te Mania Partition 25 Sep, 1890 1890 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.10 192 Te Maroa? 195 Title investigation 28 August, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Ahipara Northern MB No.01 5 Te Marumaru Title investigation 25 Mar, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangawhare Kaipara MB No.03 101 Te Marumaru 400 Partition 22 September, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.05 187 Te Marumaru Partition 22 September, 1891 1891 1890-1899 ? Kaipara MB No.06 49 Te Marumaru Sale 21 Mar, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 31 Te Marumaru No.2 Partition 11 Sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 218 Te Mata 22 Title investigation 23 September, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.04 342 Te Mata 975 Title investigation 4 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 41 Te Mirakarapa Confirmation of alienation 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 127 Te Nehu Title investigation 18 Mar, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.05 76-77 Te Nehu? 3 Title investigation 8 May, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 380-381 Te Ngaere 330 Title investigation 20 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 1667 Te Ngaere Partition 07 May, 1881 1881 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 401 Te Ngaohe 7 Title investigation 18 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 56 Te Ngarere D Succession 20 May, 1890 1890 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 57-59|62 Te Opu 794 Title investigation 8 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 155 Te Opu 794 Title investigation 20 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 169 Te Oruoru 4 Title investigation 14 August, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 16 Te Pakohu? Title investigation 20 September, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.17 216-232|234-288|294-304 Te Papa 8 Title investigation 16 August, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Awaroa Kaipara MB No.04 146 Te Pato 26 Title investigation 25 October, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.13 226 Te Popo 10 Title investigation 30 Jan, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.06 270 Te Popo 2 Sale 22 Nov, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.10 35 Te Pua Partition 20 October, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.18 143-144|172 Te Pua 280 Title investigation 24 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 132 Te Pua Tangihua 448 Title investigation 24 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 227 Te Pua|Matariri? Confirmation of Alienation 29 October, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.16 34 Te Puaatemarama 329 Title investigation 03 July, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 302 Te Puaha-o-Muriwai 106 Title investigation 20 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Auckland Kaipara MB No.06 335 Te Puaha-o-Muriwai Title investigation 21 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Auckland Kaipara MB No.06 353 Te Puia 435 Title investigation 31 Mar, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.07 57-82|115|128|135 Te Pukapuka 361 Title investigation 26 Jan, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Waiwerawera Mahurangi MB No.1 28 Te Pukapuka Title investigation 3 Apr, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 146 Te Rae te Awa 112 Title investigation , 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 165 Te Rae te Awa Title investigation 21 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 208 Te Raikara Title investigation 24 Mar, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangawhare Kaipara MB No.03 102

362 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Te Raikara 213 Sale 16 Dec, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 236 Te Rakaurere 270 Title investigation 01 May, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 11 Te Rarakareao 166 Title investigation 23 Sep, 1890 1890 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.10 176-188|191|195-198 Te Rengarenga|Parikiore No.1 Title investigation 7 Feb, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 311 Te Rereiti 113 Title investigation 19 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 79 Te Reretiti 5 Title investigation 26 Aug, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 283 Te Rewarewa 23 Title investigation 24 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 184 Te Rewarewa Title investigation 18 Mar, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 44 Te Rewarewa Partition 10 July, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 259 Te Rewarewa Partition 7 May, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 18-20 Te Roro Title investigation 13 Mar, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 16 Te Rorohi? 50 Title investigation 20 Feb, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.06 337-338 Te Rua O Kaiwhare (Awhitu Parish Lots 117 and 116) Removal of restrictions 21 Aug, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 75 Te Ruatahi 2542 Partition 20 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 114-115 Te Ruatahi No.1 Relative interests 14 January, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.25 Te Takanga 1675 Title investigation 7 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 168-170 Te Takanga No.2 404 Title investigation 27 Jan, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 19 Te Tanoa Title investigation 20 February, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Te Tanoa, Otamatea Kaipara MB No.02 51 Te Tanuku Kakamatenga 10 Title investigation 15 Jan, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.06 250 Te Tarena 23 Title investigation 5 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 57 Te Ti Rehearing 16 July, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Kawakawa Northern MB No.11 1-23|25-48 Te Ti 81 Title investigation|Partition 15 Sep, 1890 1890 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.10 161-176|188|198|218-224 Te Ti Rehearing 13 Jul, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Kawakawa Northern MB No.10 353-382 Te Tihiputa (Tikiputa) 10 Title investigation 16 March, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.14 339 Te Tihitihi 4138 Title investigation 20 Sept, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 157 Te Tio 870 Title investigation 14 Jun, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 323-324|331-332|334-338 Te Toatoa 304 Title investigation 30 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 63-64 Te Toihoro? Title investigation 26 Feb, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 143 Te Tokitoki 68 Title investigation 26 Aug, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 282 Te Totara 36 Title investigation 16 Sept, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 87 Te Totara 36 Mortgage 6 Nov, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 325 Te Totara Sale 13 Nov, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 14 Te Totara 5 Title investigation 25 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.03 322-328 Te Totara Partition 18 Feb, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.06 325 Te Tou O Te Kene 10 Title investigation 11 Feb, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 186 Te Tupua 157 Title investigation 17 Mar, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 82 Te Uaki? 185 Title investigation 21 Jan, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 138 Te Uhiroa Sale 15 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 204 Te Uira 168 Title investigation 7 July, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 267 Te Umupakeke Succession 29 October, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.23 162-166 Te Wai o Parewhakahau Title investigation 7 January, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 93 Te Waipiu 76 Title investigation 10 Nov, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 353 Te Wairoa Confirmation of alienation (Su26 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 148-149|161 Te Waitapu, see Rangiawhia No.2 Title investigation , 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 . Te Waoku 17650 Title investigation 05 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.02 39-40 Te Waoku No.2 8017 Title investigation 20 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.02 97-98 Te Wharau Title investigation 3 Oct, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 122-123 Te Wharau No.2 5578? Title investigation 2 Mar, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 27-28 Te Wharawhara Title investigation 16 Feb, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Kawakawa Northern MB No.06 49 Te Whau Title investigation 27 Jan, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.04 268 Te Whauwhau (Whawhau) Confirmation of alienation 25 Feb, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 32 Te Whenuahou 2 Title investigation 15 August, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 65 Te Wiroa Title investigation 3 Oct, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 123-124 Te Wiroa? Succession 23 September, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.04 344

363 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Three Kings Islands, see Manawatawhi Title investigation , 1880 1880 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.04 . Tiawhenua 35 Title investigation 23 Aug, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 67 Tikinui 10702 Title investigation 13 August, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 6 Tikinui 10702 Rehearing 16 August, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Awaroa Kaipara MB No.04 147 Tikinui (Ngarerekura) Succession 21 January, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 110 Tikokopu 4015 Title investigation 28 June, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Tukapoto, Kaipara Northern MB No.01 4 Tikouma No.4 Confirmation of alienation 30 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 185 Tipatipa? Enquiry ? ? Unknown Whangaroa Northern MB No.16 25 Tipatipa|Paihia confirmation of alienation 14 April, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Kawakawa Northern MB No.28 107-108 Tiritirimatangi Title investigation 14 Mar, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 53-101 Toetoe No.1 Title investigation 18 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 210 Toetoe No.1 Partition 14 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 81 Toetoe No.1 45 Partition 15 Oct, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 44 Toetoe No.2 Partition 16 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 90 Toetoe No.2 35 Partition 19 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 104 Toetoe No.2|Toetoe No.4 78 Title investigation 17 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 189 Toetoe No.2A Succession 7 May, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 21-23 Toetoe No.2A? Succession 14 May, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 46-47 Toetoe No.3 37 Title investigation 18 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 207 Toiroa 4439 5 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 198-218|221|224-226 Toiroa No.1 4139 Partition 5 Oct, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 18-19 Toiroa No.1C3 Partition|Sale 12 Sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 227 Toiroa No.1C5 Partition|Sale 11 Sept, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 206 Toiroa No.1E Partition 22 Mar, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 37-38 Toiroa No.2 Sale 13 Sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 239 Tokakopuru Title investigation 19 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 77-78 Tokakopuru 635 Title investigation? 11 Dec, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 381-382 Tokakopuru No.2 Title investigation 23 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 127|210 Tokamai 106 Title investigation 12 Mar, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.03 241 Tokatapu 1500 Title investigation 20 February, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Te Tanoa, Otamatea Kaipara MB No.02 61 Tokatarakihi 164 Title investigation 25 Nov, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.03 331-332 Tokatorea 2 Title investigation 3 May, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 344|386 Tokawhero 2727 Title investigation 19 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.02 95-96|104-105 Tokirikiri 165 Title investigation 16 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 137 Toko O Te Arawa 1 Title investigation 28 Feb, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Kaitaia Northern MB No.06 344-345 Tongariro 232 Title investigation 15 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 299-312 Tongariro Title investigation 13 Mar, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.05 19-39|50|66|84-86|88 Tongariro Succession 12 Mar, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Rawene Northern MB No.06 357-358 Tongariro Succession? 20 Mar, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.07 15|20 Tongariro 33 Partition 7 Aug, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.08 265-266 Totara Whakaturia No.2B Confirmation of alienation 26 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 147 Toukauri 561 Title investigation 29 June, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Tukapoto Kaipara MB No.01 30 Toukauri 19 Title investigation 16 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 25-26 Toukauri No.2 Title investigation 17 July, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 395 Toukauri No.3 16 August, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 154 Toutou A 370 Partition 28 October, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.23 154-157 Toutou B Partition 26 May, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.07 368-369 Toutouwai Title investigation 17 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 13 Toutouwai Appeal|Removal of restriction26 July, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 345-346 Toutouwai No. 2 53? Removal of restrictions 7 May, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 15-16 Toutouwai No.2 Removal of restrictions 10 July, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 258-259 Town of Cyl..? Sec.2 Lots 14 and 15 Confirmation of alienation 26 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 149 Tuateanui 170 Title investigation 2 June, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 235 Tuatetua 123 Title investigation 29 June, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 251 Tuatetua 123 Partition 11 August, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Awaroa Kaipara MB No.04 144

364 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Tuawhitu 167 Title investigation 25 Mar, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangawhare Kaipara MB No.03 101 Tuawhitu 167 Partition 10 Dec, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 203 Tuhirangi 165 Title investigation 29 April, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 82 Tuhirangi 2012 Title investigation 12 Mar, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.03 235 Tuhirangi 2012? Partition 10 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.04 259 Tuhirangi Succession 21 September, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.04 337 Tuhirangi Partition 24 September, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Helensville Kaipara MB No.06 21 Tuhirangi Partition 26 September, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Helensville Kaipara MB No.06 26 Tuhirangi|Makarau 2014 Title investigation 17 Mar, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 75 Tuhirangi|Makaru? Public Works Act 09 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.04 253 Tukuraro|Maunu No.1 Partition 3 Dec, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 113-114|178 Tukuwhenua? 2721 Sale 20 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 113|127|139|149|165 Tumahia 195 Title investigation 6 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 67 Tumutumunui 125 Title investigation 22 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 14 Tunapohepohe 2700 Title investigation 19 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.02 96-103 Tunatahi Title investigation 20 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 169 Tunatahi 167 Title investigation 22 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 210 Tungutu 410 Title investigation 25 Jan, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Waiwerawera Mahurangi MB No.1 7 Tuparehuia 2 Title investigation 08 June, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.12 1 Tupekura 310 Title investigation 13 July, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 383 Turakiawatea Title investigation 14 Mar, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 23 Turakiawatea? 103 Title investigation 20 February, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Te Tanoa, Otamatea Kaipara MB No.02 30 Turangawahanui? 22 Title investigation 25 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 277 Turiapua Title investigation 8 Mar, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 14 Turiapua 100 Title investigation 15 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 119 Tutaematai ? 21 November, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.18 151-161 82|95-122|126-145|147- 162|164-183|186-216|218- Tutaematai 2639 Title investigation 12 September, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.27 223|226|232|246|249|251-253 Uakanga Partition 16 Jan, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.06 252-253 Umuhapuku 139 Partition 23 February, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.26 64-66 Umuhau (Part of) 6 Confirmation of alienation 2 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 43-44 Unahirere 182 Title investigation 7 January, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 99 Unuhia 4395 Title investigation 30 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 57|58 Unuhia Title investigation 6 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.02 260 Unuhia|Opuhiiti No.1|Otengi 186 Sale 9 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.03 22-23 Ururua 891 Title investigation 16 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 144 193-214|226-227|262|264|228- Utakura 5 Title investigation 03 March, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.12 237 Utakura Title investigation 18 April, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Rangiahua Waihou Northern MB No.14 341-346 Utakura 5 Title investigation 05 March, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.27 16-17|19 Utakura No.1B 2530 Partition 23 January, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.11 183 Utakura No.2 Partition 21 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.21 187-190 Utakura No.2 Injunction 07 September, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.22 145-147 Utakura No.2 5195 Partition 01 March, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.26 86-157|187 Utakura No.2 Partition|Appeal 22 Oct, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 77-92|193-195|270-272|276 24-34|36-63|71-83|88-111|113- Utakura? 8400? Title investigation 11 February, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.14 186|189-249|253-338 Waerekahakaha Title investigation 22 May, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 124 Waiariki No.1|Waiariki No.2 11 Title investigation 16 Sept, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 85 Waiaruhe Title investigation 27 Mar, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangawhare Kaipara MB No.03 114 Waiaruhe 1121 Title investigation 11 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 237-269 Waiaruhe Title investigation 14 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 287-290 Waiau No.1 ?? 11 May, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Kapanga, Coromandel Auckland MB No.05 35-39 Waiau No.1 Succession 16 May, 1892 1892 1890-1899 Kapanga, Coromandel Auckland MB No.05 53-54|56

365 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Waiaua Appeal 22 October, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.28 3-4|28 Waiaua 147 Title investigation 20 Feb, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.06 330-336|339-341 Waiere|Motukiore|Opara Title investigation 13 September, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.22 170-188 Waihakari 1100 Title investigation 8 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 154 Waihakari 1100 Title investigation 20 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 168 Waihapa 4723 Partition|Relative interests 25 May, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.17 314-320|322-324 Waihapa 4723 Partition 24 Jun, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.10 332-335 Waihapa (Waipapa?) 4723 Title investigation 7 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.03 9-18 Waihapa No.3 Partition 14 July, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.18 13-16|80-81 Waihapa No.3 Partition 15 November, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.18 175-177 Waihapa No.3 (Part) confirmation of alienation 14 April, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Kawakawa Northern MB No.28 106 Waihapa No.3B 1576 ? 11 November, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.18 252-253 Waiharakeke Title investigation 3 Feb 1882 1882 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 298 Waiheke 150 Title investigation 3 Apr, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 139 Waihirere 98 Title investigation 17 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 6 Waihoanga 1380 Title investigation 06 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.02 51-61 Waihoanga 481 Title investigation 19 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 80 Waihoanga No.1 282|71 Title investigation 29 May, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 225 Waihoanga No.2 Title investigation 5 Nov, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 320 Waihoanga No.2 481 Sale 20 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 112|127 Waihoroikai 2 Title investigation 30 June, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Tukapoto Kaipara MB No.01 40 Waihoroikai Succession 22 February, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Te Tanoa, Otamatea Kaipara MB No.02 74 Waihou 7900 Title investigation 25 May, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.20 145-158 Waihou 7900 Title investigation 25 May, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.20 158-175 Waihou Title investigation 02 June, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.21 1-60|63-190 Waihou Title investigation|Appeal 26 Oct, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 111-143 Waihou B Injunction 17 January, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.11 170 Waiiti No.2 230 Title investigation 5 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 48 Waikahikatea 1752 Title investigation 27 June, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Tukapoto Kaipara MB No.01 10 Waikahikatea Title investigation 3 Aug, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 191 Waikaipopoa 98 Title investigation 9 Dec, 1878 1878 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 357-358 Waikaraka Title investigation 17 Mar, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 41 Waikaramihia Succession 25 April, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Kawakawa Northern MB No.15 3- Waikaramihia Equitable owners 13 Sep, 1890 1890 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.10 155-157|159-160 Waikariri Title investigation 4 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 32 Waikariri 180 Title investigation 15 Sept, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 78 Waikariri 180 Title investigation 27 Nov, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 107 Waikaukau Parutahi No.2 Title investigation 16 Feb, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Kawakawa Northern MB No.06 48 Waikawa Title investigation 08 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.04 250 Waikawau 30 Title investigation 15 Sept, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 75 Waikawau Reserve (In Moehau No.1) 5823 Completion of purchase 29 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 180-181 Waikino 779 Relative interests 12 September, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.27 88|94|184-185 Waikino No.1|Waikino No.2 90|50 Title investigation 20 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 168 Waikino No.1|Waikino No.2 50|90 Title investigation 24 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 234 Waikino? 779 Title investigation 16 Jan, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.04 215-224|230|245-253 Waiko 848 Title investigation 5 Apr, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.05 137-138 Waikohu 144 Title investigation 02 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.02 32 Waikokopu Title investigation 27 Sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.28 145-147|163|168-170 Waikore Title investigation 3 Apr, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 144-145 Waikoropupu 4722 Title investigation 29 Jan, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 47-108 Waikoukou 3252 Title investigation 5 January, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.01 87 Waikoukou 12 Title investigation 16 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 144 Waikoukou No.2 Title investigation 20 Mar, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 97 Waikoukou No.3|Waikoukou No.4 0 Title investigation 20 Jan, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 136 Waikukupa 1114 Partition 16 November, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Kaeo Northern MB No.27 73-76

366 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Waikukupa 258 Sale|Survey 5 March, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 141 Waikukupa 1114 Title investigation 7 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangaroa Northern MB No.03 7-8 Waima 10 Title investigation 20 February, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Te Tanoa, Otamatea Kaipara MB No.02 36 42-62|73-74|83-87|94-124|130- 178|181-182|184-208|211- 232|235-262|267-278|282- Waima No.1 7656 Title investigation 11 Jun, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.08 284|322-332|341-342|345-351 Waima No.1, see also Waima North . . Unknown Hokianga Northern MB No.08 . 164-225|237-238|245- Waima No.2 7456 Title investigation 28 Oct, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.07 247|253|316 Waima No.2, see also Waima South . . Unknown Hokianga Northern MB No.08 . 128-129|209-211|233|285- Waima No.2|Waima South Partition 5 Jul, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.08 316|341 Waima North Relative interests 23 Feb, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 52-56 Waima North A Relative interests 12 February, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.26 12|82 Waima North, see also Waima No.1 . . Unknown Hokianga Northern MB No.08 . Waima South Succession|Appeal 9 Nov, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 212-213 Waima South D Succession 12 June, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.21 61-62 Waima South, see also Waima No.2 . . Unknown Hokianga Northern MB No.08 . Waimahanga 314 Title investigation 18 Sept, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 99 Waimahutahuta 1 Title investigation 05 May, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 104-105 Waimahutahuta 161 Title investigation 19 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 84-85 Waimamaku Title investigation 16 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 207 Waimamaku Title investigation 12 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 187-194 Waimamaku Title investigation 14 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 196-202|207-218|224 Waimamaku Partition 4 May, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Kawakawa Northern MB No.06 82 Waimamaku B Partition 19 Nov, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.10 22|46-47|70-73 Waimamaku B2 2633 Partition 01 April, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 97-111 Waimamaku B2 Appeal 1 Oct, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.28 183 Waimamaku B2C 889 Partition 19 Feb, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 37 Waimamaku No.2 2650 Partition 13 Mar, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Rawene Northern MB No.06 366 Waimamaku|Mangataeore 154 Title investigation 30 November, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Ahipara Northern MB No.01 7 Waimanoni 185 Partition 26 July, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.28 96 Waimanoni 185 Title investigation 15 March, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Ahipara Northern MB No.01 31 Waimanu 674 Title investigation 21 August, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 45 Waimanu 674 Title investigation 11 August, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Awaroa Kaipara MB No.04 141 Waimaru see Kareponia No.2 Unknown Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 Waimata Title investigation 27 Mar, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Mangawhare Kaipara MB No.03 113 Waimata Title investigation 20 May, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 119 Waimata Title investigation 25 May, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 125 Waimata Partition 29 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 301 Waimata No.1 2976 Relative interests|Partition|Su12 Dec, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 313 Waimata No.1|Waimata No.2 Survey 8 Jun, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 76 Waimata No.2 Lease 16 Dec, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 238 Waimatanui 11260 Title investigation 7 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 165-168 Waimatanui 4260 Title investigation 18 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 59-77|114 Waimatanui 4260 Sale 24 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 151?? Waimate No.2 Succession 3 Apr, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 151-152 Waimate No.2 Confirmation of alienation 11 Jan, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 88 Waimimiti 1148 Partition 02 November, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.23 180-182 30-31|70-80|108|112|117- Waimimiti Partition 10 November, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.24 118|128-129|137-138|142-145 Waimimiti 1138 Title investigation 4 Oct, 1890 1890 1890-1899 Waimate Northern MB No.10 232-238|240-271|280-283 Waimimiti M3 Injunction 27 sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.28 150-152 Waingaore? Title investigation 2 Apr, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 129-131

367 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Wainui 1418 Title investigation 27 October, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 53|54|55 Wainui No.2 Partition 28, November, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.11 71-74|88-89|162-165 213-221|259-276|278-284|286- Wainui No.2 Title investigation 08 November , 1899? 1899? 1890-1899 Whangaroa Northern MB No.18 289|291-331|333-377 Waiomu 2 Title investigation 29 June, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Tukapoto Kaipara MB No.01 32 Waipapa 1979 Title investigation 18 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 157 Waipapa 163 Title investigation 1 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 91 Waipapa 113 Title investigation 18 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 208 Waipapa see also Whakanekeneke No.7|Opaopao see also Whakanekeneke No.6|Rakautupuhou see also Whakanekeneke No.5|Ngatumu see also Whakenekeneke No.4|Tairua see also Whakanekeneke No.3|Waiohanga see also Whakanekeneke No.2|Horo see also Whakanekeneke No.1 Unknown Ohaeawai Northern MB No.26 Waiparaheka 86 Title investigation 25 Oct, 1887 1887 1881-1889 Waimate Northern MB No.08 380-381 Waipareira Sec.72 Lot 4 Succession 2 Mar 1883 1883 1881-1889 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 29-30 Waiparera 29 Title investigation 4 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 28 Waiparera 2743 Title investigation 20 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 215 Waipipi Parish Lot 352 Confirmation of alienation 2 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 40-42|55 Waipipi Parish Lot 40, Sec.3 Removal of restrictions 26 Feb, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 26-27 Waipiro 1720 Title investigation 26 June, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Tukapoto Kaipara MB No.01 8 Waipoua No.2 Partition 31 Jul, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.08 234|263 Waipoua No.2A 3815 Partition 09 February, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.11 350-351 Waipoua No.2B 8350 Partition 21 Feb, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 47-48|50 Waipoua S.D. Block IX, Section 3A 108 Sale 5 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 168 Waipuna 36 Title investigation 20 Feb, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Mangonui Northern MB No.06 336-337 Waipuna 6 Title investigation 28 Feb, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Kaitaia Northern MB No.06 344-345 Waipuna No.1 56 Title investigation 5 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 59 Waipuna No.2 43 Title investigation 5 Aug, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 61 Wairahi Partition 15 May, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 48-49 Wairahi A Partition 12 Sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 220 Wairahi A|Wairahi B 315 Public Works Act 28 Jun, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 62 Wairahi B 989 Partition 24 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 150-151 Wairahi B Partition 24 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 102 Wairakau? Subdivisions 37-52 Completion of Purchase 4 Sep, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 195-196 Wairau 2 Title investigation 22 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 13 Wairau Sale 02 March, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.01 111 Wairau Partition 28 Jan, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 26-27 Wairau No.1 Partition|Appeal 16 Nov, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 246-251|256-260 Wairau North 1410 Partition 27 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 73-75|78-85 Wairau North No.4 Succession 08 May, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.20 72-74|112 Wairaupo 32 Title investigation 14 July, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.18 15 Wairere|Motukiore Boundaries|Appeal 24 Oct, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 94-110|191-193 Wairere|Motukiore|Opara Title investigation 26 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.22 18-32|38-79|82-125|127-145 Wairere|Motukiore|Opara Title investigation 18 September, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.23 1|3-5|142-143 Wairototata? No.2 Confirmation of alienation 29 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 179 Wairua 27800 Title investigation 24 July, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 129 Waitaha 976 Title investigation 15 September, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.12 83 Waitaheke 186 Title investigation 17 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 46|148 Waitaiki 115 Title investigation 17 Mar, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 86 Waitakere 2587 Title investigation 16 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 149 Waitakere No.1 Partition 25 June, 1887 1887 1881-1889 Kaipara Kaipara MB No.05 62 Waitakere No.1B Partition 18 Sep, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Helensville Auckland MB No.06 7-8

368 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Waitakere No.1B|Waitakere No.2 Confirmation of alienation 11 Jan, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 224 Waitakere No.1B|Waitakere No.2 Confirmation of alienation? 2 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 46 Waitakere No.2 Partition 23 September, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.04 347 Waitakere see also Puketotara No.2 Unknown Kaipara MB No.04 Waitangi 4068 Title investigation 26 June, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Tukapoto Kaipara MB No.01 2 Waitangi 178 Title investigation 10 Mar, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.03 234 Waitango? 4 Title investigation 07 September, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangaroa Northern MB No.01 17 Waitara 162 Title investigation 19 Mar, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 90 Waitaraire 130 Removal of restrictions 06 December, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.13 256 Waiteuku 84 Title investigation 16 Sept, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 153 Waiteuku 84 Partition 22 Oct, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 49 Waiteuku No.2 36 Partition 17 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 124-125 Waiti 71 Title investigation 22 Aug, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 66 Waitomotomo 8945 Title investigation 14 August, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 17 Waitomotomo 8945 Title investigation 16 August, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 20 Waitomotomo 8945 Rehearing 23 August, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 157 Waitomotomo Succession 5 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 24 Waitomotomo 8945 Partition 17 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 91 Waitomotomo 8945 Partition 24 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 134-137 Waitomotomo No.3 Partition 5 Oct, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 19 Waitomotomo No.3C 312 Sale 8 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 198 Waiuku Parish Lot 118 Confirmation of alienation 26 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 151 Waiuku West Lot 101 (Otaua) Removal of Restrictions 4 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 52-54 Waiwarawara 1243 Title investigation 27 Nov, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 104 Waiwhariki 868 Partition 06 December, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.13 257-260|295-297 133|137|148-149|225-227|249- Waiwhariki No.1|Waiwhariki No.3 Partition 26 Sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.28 250 Waiwhatawhata 2114 Partition 20 Feb, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 40-45 Wakaihunui 198 Title investigation 29 April, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 80 Wakaihunui Title investigation 20 May, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 159 Warawara Relative interests|Partition 27 September, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.23 15-17 Warawara 404 Title investigation 25 Jan, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 5-6 Wekatahi? 904 Title investigation 17 July, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 396 Werowero 269 Title investigation 07 July, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.17 14|17-19 Wha..popa? No.1B1 Enquiry|Confirmation of alien 26 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 149 Whakaaho No.2 5 Title investigation 10 Nov, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Herd's Point (Hokianga) Northern MB No.03 260-261 Whakaaho No.3 2 Title investigation 28 Mar, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.09 121-123|126|129 Whakahewa 71 Title investigation 16 Sept, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 151 Whakahewa Rehearing 15 Sept, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 180 Whakakake Title investigation 3 Aug, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 189 Whakakake Relative interests 4 Dec, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 166 Whakakake Confirmation of alienation 26 June, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 275 Whakanekeneke 1842 Title investigation 14 February, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.26 17-64|70-73|75-82 Whakanekeneke 1842 Title investigation 15 February, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.26 17-64|70-73|75-82 Whakanekeneke Title investigation|Appeal 1 Nov, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 144-162|195-198|272 Whakanekeneke No.1 see also Horo|Whakanekeneke No.2 see also Waiohanga|Whakanekeneke No.3 see also Tairua|Whakanekeneke No.4 see also Ngatumu|Whakanekeneke No.5 see also Rakautupuhou|Whakanekeneke No.6 see also Opaopao|Whakanekeneke No.7 see also Waipapa Unknown Ohaeawai Northern MB No.26 Whakapae Title investigation 6 Feb, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 302 Whakapae 596 Partition 23 Oct, 1896? 1896? 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 55-56

369 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Whakapae No. 2 Title investigation 6 Feb, 1882 1882 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 306 Whakapae No.1 Confirmation of alienation 7 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 225 Whakapae No.1 594 Confirmation of alienation 16 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 142 Whakaparapara 113 Title investigation 23 Feb, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 126 Whakarawerua 1450 Partition 31 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 94-95 Whakarawerua Rehearing|Succession? 1 Jun, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Hokianga Northern MB No.10 289-292 Whakarongorua No.1|Whakarongorua No.2|Whakarongorua No.3 810 Title investigation|Partition 06 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.02 48-51 152-167|171-191|194-224|228- Whakataha 1414 Title investigation 28 Sep, 1900? 1900? 1900-1920 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.28 247|251-262 Whakatahataha 231 Title investigation 28 Jan, 1879 1879 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 25-26|120-131 Whakatahataha 231 Title investigation 3 May, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Hokianga Northern MB No.04 344|347-349|352-353 Whakatahataha No.2A|Whakatahataha No.2B Partition 12 Aug, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.08 275-276 Whakatere Partition 3 Dec, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.10 73|79-80 Whakatuwhenua 10 Title investigation 12 Sep, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 223 Whanake 830 Confirmation of alienation 15 Mar, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 127 Whangaimokopuna 2800 Title investigation 18 August, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 41 Whangaimokopuna 2089 Rehearing 07 July, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.04 308 Whangamarino Parish Allotment 284 20 Completion of purchase 7 May, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 132 Whangamarino Parish Lot 189A Confirmation of alienation 24 Oct, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 153 Whangamarino Parish Lot 329 50 Confirmation of alienation 2 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 45-46 Whangamarino Parish Lot 329 50 Confirmation of alienation 6 Oct, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 152 Whanganaonu? Parish Lot 2|Whanganaonu? Parish Lot 6 Confirmation of alienation 26 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 149 Whangaroa 5500 Title investigation 7 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 37 Whangatanatia? 27 Title investigation 15 Apr, 1880 1880 1875-1880 Mangonui Northern MB No.04 291-294 Wharauroa 37 Title investigation 21 Aug, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 57 Wharemarama 1 Papatupu Claim 23 March, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Kawakawa Northern MB No.26 160-162 Wharemarama 4 Title investigation 16 Oct, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.03 27 Wharepapa 2194 Title investigation 20 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.01 161 Wharepapa Title investigation 21 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 1 Wharepapa No.1 559 Title investigation 21 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 10 Wharepapa No.1 Partition 9 Mar, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.03 226 Wharepapa No.1A Partition 25 June, 1887 1887 1881-1889 Kaipara Kaipara MB No.05 59 Wharepapa No.1B Partition 23 September, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.04 342 Wharepapa No.1B Trustees 8 Jun, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 76-84 Wharepapa No.2 Partition 9 Mar, 1877 1877 1875-1880 Te Awaroa Kaipara MB No.03 227 Wharepapa No.2|Wharepapa No.3 445|400 Title investigation 21 February, 1873 1873 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.03 8 Wharepapa No.4 see also Parapuka No.2 Unknown Kaipara MB No.03 Wharepapa..? No.1B Partition 18 Sep, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Helensville Auckland MB No.06 4 Wharerama Title investigation 22 May, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Kaihu Kaipara MB No.03 124 Wharerawa 300 Sale 16 Dec, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 236 Wharewera 75 Title investigation 16 Sept, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 86 Wharikiriki 341 Title investigation 18 September, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.23 1-3|10-11|13-14|121 Wharikiriki Title investigation|Appeal 18 Oct, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 59-73|190-191 Wharoa? Completion of purchase 29 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 179-180 Wharoro 839 Title investigation 07 April, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.02 62 Wharowharo Title investigation 8 Mar, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 12 Wharowharo No.2 43 Title investigation 17 Mar, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 84 Wharowharo|Te Roro Succession 17 May, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 17 Whataipu 2835 Title investigation 8 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 171-172 Whataipu Sale 12 June, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Hokianga (Herd's Point) Northern MB No.02 194 Whataipu 281 Partition 21 Feb, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 50-52 Whataipu No.2 Title investigation 8 Apr, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.07 83-84|103|129|136

370 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Whataipu? 281 Title investigation 15 Mar, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Rawene Northern MB No.06 369-370 Whatakai 977 Title investigation 19 Sept, 1876 1876 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 154 Whatakai No.1 600 Partition 24 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 138-144 Whatamakiri 43 Title investigation 3 Apr, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 135-137 Whatapaka Title investigation|Survey 1 Oct, 1867 1867 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.01 110-111 Whatitiri 21362 Title investigation 4 Dec, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 114-119 Whatitiri Title investigation 4 Dec, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 119-177 Whatitiri Title investigation 10 Dec, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 181-227 Whatitiri Title investigation 13 Dec, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 229-264 Whatitiri Title investigation 18 Dec, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 1-26 Whatitiri Title investigation 17 Dec, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.04 267-287 Whatitiri Title investigation 26 Jan, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 129-130 Whatitiri Title investigation|Partition 7 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 219-221 Whatitiri 21362 Title investigation 11 Nov, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 249-251 Whatitiri Title investigation 13 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 270-274 Whatitiri Title investigation 14 Feb, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.05 277-286|296-298 Whatitiri Survey 23 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 143-144 Whatitiri Survey 25 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 158-160 Whatitiri Survey 26 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 164-167 Whatitiri Survey 14 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 274-277 Whatitiri Partition|Sale 25 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 111-114 Whatitiri No.1 Survey 16 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 111-118

Whatitiri No.1|Whatitiri No.12|Whatitiri No.13 Partition 12 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 84-105

Whatitiri No.12|Whatitiri No.13|Whatitiri No.1 5983|9780 Partition 2 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 65-71 Whatitiri No.12F|Whatitiri No.12G|Whatitiri No.12M 120 Partition|Sale 24 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 103-105 Whatitiri No.12M Enquiry 06 December, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.25 17-18|20 Whatitiri No.12P Partition 24 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 146-147 Whatitiri No.13 9640 Partition 9 Dec, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.06 186 Whatitiri No.13B 1414 Partition 24 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 145-146 Whatitiri No.1B|Whatitiri No.13B|Whatitiri No.7 Partition|Sale 23 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 94-96 Whatitiri No.1E Relative interests 19 Mar, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 21-22 Whatitiri Subdivisions Partition|Sale 21 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 84-91 Whatitiri subdivisions Partition|Sale 23 Aug, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 98-99 116-117|121-129|141- Whatitiri subdivisions 26 Aug, 1899? 1899? 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 142|206|227|237|240 Whatutere, see Te Ahuahu NO.3 . . Unknown Ohaeawai Northern MB No.34 . Whawharu 1722 Partition 01 March, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.12 176 1-14|18-19|21-24|84|99- Whawharu Title investigation 18 Mar, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.07 103|118|135 Whawharu B1 50 Partition 13 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 14-16 Whawharu B3 Partition 07 March, 1894? 1894 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.12 238-239 Whawharu B3 Partition 09 March, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.27 19|21 Whawharu B3 Succession 7 Aug, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.08 264-265|316 Whawharu C 146 ? 27 May, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.07 379-381 Whawharu C 146 Title investigation 31 May, 1886 1886 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.08 2-38|62-73|76-82 Whawharu No.1 1722 Title investigation 15 Mar, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Rawene Northern MB No.06 371-372|374 Whenuanui 1259 Title investigation 24 February, 1871 1871 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 231 Whirinaki Partition 26 June, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.12 32 225-237|238-245|248- Whirinaki 2860 Title investigation 11 Nov, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.07 314|316|316-324 Whirinaki Partition 18 Nov, 1889 1889 1881-1889 Hokianga Northern MB No.10 19|80-81

371 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS Whirinaki No.1 Partition 08 March, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.27 18 Whirinaki No.1|Whirinaki No.2|Whirinaki No.3|Whirinaki No.4|Whirinaki No.5|Whirinaki No.6 66|594|594|104Partition 09 October, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.12 134-142|173 Whirinaki No.2 584 Partition 29 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 79|90|92-94 Whirinaki No.2|Whirinaki No.2C 502 23 January, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.11 186 Whirinaki No.2|Whirinaki No.3|Whirinaki No.5|Whirinaki No.6 Partition 08 March, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.27 20-21 Whirinaki No.3 Partition 07 March, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.12 218-219 Whirinaki No.3 594 Partition 19 Feb, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 38-39 Whirinaki No.3|Whirinaki No.4 Partition 01 March, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.12 173|177-178|180-191 Whirinaki No.4 Partition 07 March, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.12 214-217 Whirinaki No.4 Partition 01 March, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.27 13|15|17|20 Whirinaki No.4E Partition 31 March, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.19 95-97 Whitingamarama Title investigation 18 Mar, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 47 Whitingamarama Partition 8 July, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 199 Succession 22 February, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Te Tanoa, Otamatea Kaipara MB No.02 73 Court business 29 April, 1869 1869 1865-1874 Helensville Kaipara MB No.02 75 ?? 07 February, 1863 1863 Before 1865 Kaipara MB No.03 1 Court business 31 January, 1884 1884 1881-1889 Auckland Kaipara MB No.04 160 Court business 04 June, 1885 1885 1881-1889 Helensville Kaipara MB No.04 243? Confirmation of alienation 15 Nov, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 227 Succession 16 Dec, 1898 1898 1890-1899 Dargaville Kaipara MB No.07 236 Title investigation 14 Mar, 1865 1865 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 25 Succession 17 Mar, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 82 Succession 19 Mar, 1866 1866 1865-1874 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.01 89 Court business 22 Feb, 1875 1875 1875-1880 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.02 119 Court business 1 Sep, 1891 1891 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 226-227 Court business 14 July, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 302-303 Court business 22 Aug, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.03 355-356 Succession 30 Sept, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 6-19 Succession 18 Jun, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.06 131-134 Succession 11 Sept, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Whangarei Whangarei MB No.07 206-208 . . Unknown . . Succession 22 January, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.11 180-182|193 Court business 30 August, 1893 1893 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.12 72 Succession 30 March, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.12 246-248|255 Court business 15 October, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Mangonui Northern MB No.12 297- Succession 04 December, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.13 242-244 Succession 04 December, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Waimate North Northern MB No.13 246-247 Letter 07 February, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Rawene Northern MB No.14 20-21 Survey 17 October, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Russell Northern MB No.18 107-109 Unknown Russell Northern MB No.27 Unknown Mangonui Northern MB No.01 Title investigation , 1880 1880 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.04 . Title investigation , 1880 1880 1875-1880 Ohaeawai Northern MB No.04 . Court business 5 May, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Kawakawa Northern MB No.06 84 . . Unknown Hokianga Northern MB No.10 . Survey 3 Oct, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Ohaeawai|Mangonui Northern MB No.28 191-194|234|263-265 Court business 18 Oct, 1900 1900 1900-1920 Rawene Northern MB No.29 58-59|73-76|93 . . Unknown Russell Northern MB No.36 . . . Unknown Whangaroa Northern MB No.39 . . . Unknown Kaikohe Northern MB No.41 . . . Unknown Kaikohe Northern MB No.41 . . . Unknown Kawakawa Northern MB No.42 .

372 Appendix F: Maori Land Court Minute Book Index Sheet

BLOCK AREA TYPE DATE YEAR TIME PERIOD PLACE BOOKNAME PAGE NOS . . Unknown Russell Northern MB No.43 . . . Unknown Russell Northern MB No.30 . . . Unknown Mangonui Northern MB No.43 . . . Unknown Kohukohu Northern MB No.43 . . . Unknown Kaikohe Northern MB No.44 . Court business 7 Apr, 1868 1868 1865-1874 Auckland Auckland MB No.02 6-10|14-15 Court business 2 Mar, 1883 1883 1881-1889 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 30 Succession 31 Jan, 1884 1884 1881-1889 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 31-32 Court business 24 Feb, 1884 1884 1881-1889 Auckland Auckland MB No.04 36|40 Succession 28 Aug, 1894 1894 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 76-78 Court business 10 Jan, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 88 Succession 28 Aug, 1895 1895 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.06 162-167|168-176|191-193 Succession 2 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 35-36|39|56-58 Succession 6 Nov, 1896 1896 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 60-67 Trustees 11 Jan, 1897 1897 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 70 ? 17 Feb, 1899 1899 1890-1899 Auckland Auckland MB No.07 114 . . Unknown . . . . Unknown . .

373 Appendix G: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown purchase Data

Title Decision Size of block at TD Crown purchase Block Name Date of NLC decision Year Time period_Titling A R P A_dec Size range AUC DEED REF TRANSACTION NAME LOCALITY HEARING DISTRICT DATE OF PURCHASE DEED YEAR OF PURCHASE DEED TIME PERIOD CP ACREAGE [PURCHASED] Arawhatatotara No.1 7 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 1,187 0 0 1,187.00 1,001-2,000 817 TE ARAWHATATOTARA 1 PUNAKITERE HOKIANGA 8 APR 1875 1875 1875-1880 2,019 Arawhatatotara No.2 7 April 1875 and 15 November 1876 1876 1875-1880 2,129 0 0 2,129.00 2,001-3,000 943 TE ARAWHATATOTARA 2 PUNAKITERE HOKIANGA 16 NOV 1876 1876 1875-1880 2,097 Aukumeroa 14 September 1876 1876 1875-1880 3,045 0 0 3,045.00 3,001-4,000 963 & 1191 AUKUMEROA 1 & 2 MANGAKAHIA NW WHANGAREI 16 JUN 1877 & 30 MAY 1879 1877 & 1879 1875-1880 4,372 Aupouri (Te) 14 July 1897 1897 1890-1899 1,043 1 0 1,043.25 1,001-2,000 3024 TE AUPOURI MANGAKAHIA WHANGAREI 16 MAY 1898 1898 1890-1899 1,022 Awaawaroa 4 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 49 0 0 49.00 100 or less 935 AWAAWAROA PUREROA BAY OF ISLANDS 28 NOV 1876 1876 1875-1880 49 Awaroa (Te) 25 November 1873 1873 1865-1874 13,113 0 0 13,113.00 More than 5,000 2012 TE AWAROA 1A1 WHANGAPE E HOKIANGA 19 MAR 1897 1897 1890-1899 7,843 Awarua [ML 3135] 8 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 3,100 0 0 3,100.00 3,001-4,000 813 TE AWARUA MATARAUA SE HOKIANGA 28 APR 1875 1875 1875-1880 3,100 Hauturu 10 October 1870 1870 1865-1874 585 1 0 585.25 501-1,000 1883 HAUTURU MATARAUA SE HOKIANGA 24 OCT 1893 1893 1890-1899 6,960 Horo (Te) 1 November 1876 1876 1875-1880 122 1 25 122.41 101-200 949 TE HORO OKAIHAU W BAY OF ISLANDS 01 NOV 1876 1876 1875-1880 132 Hue Hue 2 18 January 1879 1879 1875-1880 1,580 0 0 1,580.00 1,001-2,000 1093 TE HUEHUE 2 MATARAUA SW HOKIANGA 01 FEB 1879 1879 1875-1880 1,580 Hukerenui NIB NIB Unknown 19,500 0 0 19,500.00 More than 5,000 37 HUKERENUI MAROMAKU BAY OF ISLANDS 05 NOV 1873 1873 1865-1874 19,500 Kahikatoa [ML 251] 2 July 1866 1866 1865-1874 797 1 33 797.46 501-1,000 2017 KAHIKATOA 1 UMAWERA W HOKIANGA 13 MAR 1897 1897 1890-1899 538 Kaitara 2 1873 1873 1865-1874 6,722 0 0 6,722.00 More than 5,000 1158 KAITARA 2 MAUNU N WHANGAREI 03 AUG 1875 1875 1875-1880 6,722 Kakahoroa 25 August 1880 1880 1875-1880 366 0 0 366.00 301-400 1207 KAKAHOROA NGUNGURU S WHANGAREI 14 SEP 1880 1880 1875-1880 366 Karatia 4 May 1880 1880 1875-1880 5 0 2 5.01 100 or less 1240 KARATIA OMANAIA HOKIANGA 07 DEC 1880 1880 1875-1880 5 Karetu 20 October 1899 1899 1890-1899 3,900 0 0 3,900.00 3,001-4,000 1697 KARETU KAWAKAWA E BAY OF ISLANDS 26 OCT 1888 1888 1881-1889 4 Karu (Te) 19 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 417 0 0 417.00 401-500 960 TE KARU UTAKURA BAY OF ISLANDS 02 MAY 1877 1877 1875-1880 417 Karuhiruhi 3 July 1866 1866 1865-1874 5,280 0 0 5,280.00 More than 5,000 278 KARUHIRUHI WHIRINAKI E HOKIANGA 21 NOV 1872 1872 1865-1874 5,280 Kauaeoruruwahine (Te) 1 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 9,281 1 55 9,281.59 More than 5,000 Various KAUAEORURUWAHINE 1 - 3 MITIMITI HOKIANGA 12 JUN 1875 1875 1875-1880 8,950 Kauaeranga 5 July 1877 1877 1875-1880 3,672 0 0 3,672.00 3,001-4,000 1836 KAUAERANGA PIPWAI E WHANGAREI 18 DEC 1893 1893 1890-1899 3,672 Kauhoehoe 16 February 1883? 1883 1881-1889 PROB Unknown 1692 KAUHOEHOE MANGAMUKA HOKIANGA 16 FEB 1883 1883 1881-1889 5 Ketetangariki (pt 1) 27 January 1880 1880 1875-1880 1,600 0 0 1,600.00 1,001-2,000 3233 KETETANGARIKI B1 MANGAKAHIA WHANGAREI 12 JUN 1899 1899 1890-1899 653 Ketetangariki (pt 2) 27 January 1880 1880 1875-1880 1,600 0 0 1,600.00 1,001-2,000 3281 KETETANGARIKI A & B1 MANGAKAHIA WHANGAREI 25 APR 1900 1900 1900-1920 570 Kioreroa 20 September 1876 1876 1875-1880 3,891 0 0 3,891.00 3,001-4,000 898 KIOREROA OTAIKA N WHANGAREI 21 SEP 1876 1876 1875-1880 3,891 Kopuawaiwaha 27 March 1865? 1865 1865-1874 1,588 0 0 1,588.00 1,001-2,000 2030 KOPUAWAIWAHA 4A4 TAKAHIWAI SW WHANGAREI 27 JUL 1895 1895 1890-1899 252 Mangahui 26 August 1880 1880 1875-1880 1,653 0 0 1,653.00 1,001-2,000 1206 & 1219 MANGAHUI NGUNGURU SW WHANGAREI 14 SEP 1880 1880 1875-1880 1,653 Mangakahia No. 2 Not stated ? Unknown 13,987 0 0 13,987.00 More than 5,000 2028 MANGAKAHIA 2A1 &2B1 MANGAKAHIA WHANGAREI 26 JUN 1895 1895 1890-1899 11,515 Mangakino 1 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 752 0 0 752.00 501-1,000 823 MANGAKINO TAPUWAE E HOKIANGA 15 JUN 1875 1875 1875-1880 752 Mangamaru 9 November 1887 1887 1881-1889 1,327 2 0 1,327.50 1,001-2,000 1771 MANGAMARU MATARAUA SW HOKIANGA 23 FEB 1892 1892 1890-1899 1,327 Mangamuka East 27 November 1889 1889 1881-1889 6,840 0 0 6,840.00 More than 5,000 2016 MANGAMUKA East 1A &3A or Oporehu MANGAMUKA HOKIANGA 15 MAR 1897 1897 1890-1899 1,793 Manganuiowae 25 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 7,520 0 0 7,520.00 More than 5,000 962 MANGANUIOWAE TAPUWAE N HOKIANGA 07 JUN 1877 1877 1875-1880 5,646 Mangaparuparu 3 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 27 0 0 27.00 100 or less 936 MANGAPARUPARU PUREROA BAY OF ISLANDS 28 NOV 1876 1876 1875-1880 27 MANGATARAIRE No on master (@19 Sept) Unknown Unknown Unknown 819 MANGATARAIRE UTAKURA E HOKIANGA 29 APR 1875 1875 1875-1880 2,730 Mangawhero 1 January 1870 1870 1865-1874 1,402 0 0 1,402.00 1,001-2,000 3157 MANGAWHERO M OMANAIA SW HOKIANGA 13 JAN 1899 1899 1890-1899 120 Mapuna 27 June 1885 1885 1881-1889 157 0 32 157.20 101-200 3012 MAPUNA PUKEHUIA WHANGAREI 22 FEB 1898 1898 1890-1899 157 Mareikura 20 February 1889 1889 1881-1889 4,569 0 0 4,569.00 4,001-5,000 1927, 1928 & 1929 MAREIKURA A1, F & G1 TANGIHUA W WHANGAREI 21 OCT 1895 & 07 DEC 1895 1895 1890-1899 862 Maroparea 1 May 1911 1911 1900-1920 8 3 0 8.75 100 or less 1205 MAROPAREA RESERVE PUNAKITERE HOKIANGA 20 OCT 1880 1880 1875-1880 241 Marumaru 25 March 1875 1875 1875-1880 400 0 0 400.00 301-400 3014 MARUMARU 1-8 TANGITERORIA WHANGAREI 13 DEC 1897 1897 1890-1899 350 Motukaraka East 29 March 1889 1889 1881-1889 1,500 0 0 1,500.00 1,001-2,000 1014 MOTUKARAKA EAST MOTUKARAKA HOKIANGA 15 FEB 1895 1895 1890-1899 901 Ngamahanga [ML 4321] 24 June 1893 1893 1890-1899 64 0 0 64.00 100 or less 1872 NGAMAHANGA 2 TAUMARERE BAY OF ISLANDS 05 MAR 1894 1894 1890-1899 34 Ngapipito 6 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 895 0 0 895.00 501-1,000 820 NGAPIPITO OTIRIA W BAY OF ISLANDS 28 APR 1875 1875 1875-1880 895 Ngapuku Unknown Unknown 793 NGAPUKU KOUTU E HOKIANGA 18 JUN 1875 1875 1875-1880 434 Ngatahuna 1 24 January 1870 1870 1865-1874 882 0 0 882.00 501-1,000 869 NGATAHUNA HIKURANGI E WHANGAREI 04 APR 1876 1876 1875-1880 882 Ngatuaka 2 November 1868 1868 1865-1874 1,762 0 0 1,762.00 1,001-2,000 947 NGATUAKA PANGURU HOKIANGA 17 NOV 1876 1876 1875-1880 1,762 NGATURIPUKUNUI No on master (@19 Sept) Unknown Unknown Unknown 1835 NGATURIPUKUNUI PIPIWAI E WHANGAREI 18 DEC 1893 1893 1890-1899 496 Ohirua 5 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 2 3 9 2.81 100 or less 1012 OHIRUA 2 OTAIKA N WHANGAREI 14 MAR 1878 1878 1875-1880 2 Oikura (pt 1) 3 March 1875 1875 1875-1880 2,106 0 0 2,106.00 2,001-3,000 1324 OIKURA 1 & 2 UTAKURA SE HOKIANGA 11 MAR 1883 1883 1881-1889 2,071 Oikura (pt 2) 3 March 1875 1875 1875-1880 2,106 0 0 2,106.00 2,001-3,000 1873 OIKURA 2 UTAKURA SE HOKIANGA 05 MAR 1894 1894 1890-1899 35 Okahu [ML 86] 26 January 1866 1866 1865-1874 2,408 0 0 2,408.00 2,001-3,000 131 OKAHU PUHOI E MAHURANGI 08 FEB 1873 1873 1865-1874 2,408 Okaka 2 March 1875 1875 1875-1880 900 0 0 900.00 501-1,000 821 OKAKA UTAKURA HOKIANGA 22 JUN 1875 1875 1875-1880 915 Okorihi 2 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 931 2 0 931.50 501-1,000 787 OKORIHI WHIRINAKI SE HOKIANGA 15 JUN 1875 1875 1875-1880 892 Okura No.2 5 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 491 0 0 491.00 401-500 1190 OKURA 2 TOTARA N WHANGAROA 29 NOV 1876 1876 1875-1880 216 Omahuta 9 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 PROB Unknown 814 & 815 OMAHUTA 1 & 2 MANGAMUKA HOKIANGA 14 JUN & 14 JUN 1875 1875 1875-1880 7,770 Omaikao 20 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 4,744 0 0 4,744.00 4,001-5,000 998 OMAIKAO NGUNGURU WHANGAREI 21 SEP 1877 1877 1875-1880 4,744 Omataroa 7 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 3,320 0 0 3,320.00 3,001-4,000 816 OMATAROA PUKETI BAY OF ISLANDS 24 APR 1875 1875 1875-1880 3,320 Omaunu 27 November 1878 1878 1875-1880 PROB Unknown 2039 OMAUNU 2 KAEO S WHANGAROA 18 AUG 1897 1897 1890-1899 2,394 Onoke 19 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 138 0 0 138.00 101-200 1919 ONOKE KAMO WHANGAREI 19 JUL 1895 1895 1890-1899 138 Opa 2 September 1867 1867 1865-1874 164 0 0 164.00 101-200 3306 OPA WAIKARE BAY OF ISLANDS 21 JUN 1900 1900 1900-1920 164 OPOUTEKE No on master (@19 Sept) Unknown Unknown Unknown 882 OPOUTEKE MANGAKAHIA W WHANGAREI 01 FEB 1876 1876 1875-1880 42,000 Opouteke 2 14 May 1879 1879 1875-1880 2,735 0 0 2,735.00 2,001-3,000 3303 OPOUTEKE 2 MANGAKAHIA W WHANGAREI 15 JUN 1899 1899 1890-1899 248 Opuawhango No.1 16 May 1867 1868 1865-1874 9,450 0 0 9,450.00 More than 5,000 1081 OPUAWHANGA 1 WHANGARURU S WHANGAREI 05 NOV 1878 1878 1875-1880 9,450 Opuawhango No.2 16 May 1867 1868 1865-1874 6,784 0 0 6,784.00 More than 5,000 1050 OPUAWHANGA 2 WHANGARURU S WHANGAREI 05 NOV 1878 1878 1875-1880 6,784 Opuawhango No.3 16 May 1867 1868 1865-1874 1,782 0 0 1,782.00 1,001-2,000 1030 OPUAWHANGA 3 WHANGARURU S WHANGAREI 05 NOV 1878 1878 1875-1880 1,782 Opuawhango No.4 16 May 1867 1868 1865-1874 15,157 0 0 15,157.00 More than 5,000 1031 OPUAWHANGA 4 WHANGARURU S WHANGAREI 05 NOV 1878 1878 1875-1880 15,157 Opuhete 16 September 1876 1876 1875-1880 348 0 0 348.00 301-400 897 OPUHETE MANGAKAHIA WHANGAREI 18 SEP 1876 1876 1875-1880 348 Opuhiiti Nos.1-5 5/6 September 1876 1876 1875-1880 186 0 0 186.00 101-200 900 OPUHIITI 1 WHANGAROA E WHANGAROA 09 OCT 1876 1876 1875-1880 186 Oromahoe 20 January 1880, 1 August 1914 1880 1875-1880 1,128 0 0 1,128.00 1,001-2,000 3291 OROMAHOE PUKETONA BAY OF ISLANDS 16 AUG 1900 1900 1900-1920 3 Otaika 14 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 4 0 56 4.35 100 or less 1070 OTAIKA 1 OTAIKA WHANGAREI 02 APR 1878 1878 1875-1880 3 Otangaroa [ML 3234] 17 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 6,850 0 0 6,850.00 More than 5,000 794, 801, 795 & 796 OTANGAROA 1 - 4 PANGURU N HOKIANGA 19 JUN 1875 1875 1875-1880 12,703 Otarihau 20 June 1867 1867 1865-1874 1,170 0 0 1,170.00 1,001-2,000 2020C OTARIHAU 1 ORIRA HOKIANGA 11 MAR 1897 1897 1890-1899 487 OTARURU No on master (@19 Sept) Unknown Unknown Unknown 1180 OTARURU MANGAKAHIA NW WHANGAREI 05 FEB 1880 1880 1875-1880 1,087 Otonga No. 1 14 May 1867 1868 1865-1874 26,810 0 0 26,810.00 More than 5,000 1032 OTONGA 1 HIKURANGI E WHANGAREI 05 NOV 1878 1878 1875-1880 26,810 Otonga No. 2 14 May 1867 1868 1865-1874 1,226 0 0 1,226.00 1,001-2,000 1033 OTONGA 2 HIKURANGI E WHANGAREI 05 NOV 1878 1878 1875-1880 1,226 Ototope 3 May 1880 1880 1875-1880 295 0 0 295.00 201-300 3010 OTOTOPE A MITIMITI HOKIANGA 21 OCT 1895 1895 1890-1899 142 Otuhi [ML 4999A] 25 August 1880 1880 1875-1880 295 0 0 295.00 201-300 1336 OTUHI TANGIHUA WHANGAREI 12 OCT 1880 1880 1875-1880 150 Oue [ML 1094] 3 November 1868 1868 1865-1874 1,348 0 0 1,348.00 1,001-2,000 933 OUE 1 WHIRINAKI E HOKIANGA 07 NOV 1876 1876 1875-1880 1,348 Oue [ML 2938A] 3 February 1876 1876 1875-1880 3,968 0 0 3,968.00 3,001-4,000 873 OUE MANGAKAHIA WHANGAREI 04 FEB 1876 1876 1875-1880 3,968 Oue No. 2 [ML 2938A] 10 May 1879 1879 1875-1880 PROB Unknown 2026 OUE 2A MANGAKAHIA WHANGAREI 17 MAY 1895 1895 1890-1899 815 Oue No. 2 [ML 3274] 31 May 1875 1875 1875-1880 260 0 0 260.00 201-300 945 OUE 2 WHIRINAKI E HOKIANGA 09 NOV 1876 1876 1875-1880 260 Pahinui 23 January 1879 1879 1875-1880 5,157 0 0 5,157.00 More than 5,000 1180 PAHINUI MANGAKAHIA NW WHANGAREI 05 FEB 1880 1880 1875-1880 1,989 Pakanae Nos.1-6 31 May 1875 (Pakanae 6), 10 June 18 1875 1875-1880 12,666 0 0 12,666.00 More than 5,000 788 & 789 PAKANAE 1 & 3 OPONONI HOKIANGA 18 JUN 1875 1875 1875-1880 3,934 Pakinga 21 November 1873 1873 1865-1874 320 0 0 320.00 301-400 1996 PAKINGA SCHOOL SITE PAWARENGA HOKIANGA 27 MAY 1896 1896 1890-1899 1 Pakiri 29 April 1869 1869 1865-1874 29,298 0 0 29,298.00 More than 5,000 1265 & 1266 PAKIRI 2 & 3 PAKIRI N MAHURANGI 08 FEB & 23 JUN 1881 1881 1881-1889 19,532 Papa (Te) [ML 586] 16 June 1868 1868 1865-1874 127 0 0 127.00 101-200 48 TE PAPA KERIKERI INLET BAY OF ISLANDS 10 NOV 1873 1873 1865-1874 127 Papakuri 16 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 3,167 0 0 3,167.00 3,001-4,000 1157 PAPAKURI NGARARATUNUA WHANGAREI 07 APR 1875 1875 1875-1880 3,167 Parahaki [ML 8257] 23 June 1905 1905 1900-1920 2,753 0 0 2,753.00 2,001-3,000 54 PARAHAKI WHANGARURU WHANGAREI 24 SEP 1872 1872 1865-1874 2,188 Parahirahi 16 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 5,955 0 0 5,955.00 More than 5,000 1886 PARAHIRAHI D NGAWHA BAY OF ISLANDS 19 OCT 1894 1894 1890-1899 4,292 Patutumutumu 22 January 1880 1880 1875-1880 1,409 0 0 1,409.00 1,001-2,000 1204 PATUMUTUMU NGAPIPITO S BAY OF ISLANDS 20 OCT 1880 1880 1875-1880 1,409 Pekapekarau 19 May 1875 1875 1875-1880 5,220 0 0 5,220.00 More than 5,000 866 PEKEPEKERAU MANGAKAHIA WHANGAREI 01 FEB 1876 1876 1875-1880 5,220 Pipiwharauroa 16 May 1867 1867 1865-1874 282 0 0 282.00 201-300 1751 PIPIWHARAUROA OPUAWHANGO WHANGAREI 16 OCT 1889 1889 1881-1889 282 Pokapu [ML 3808] 25 September 1879 1879 1875-1880 421 2 0 421.50 401-500 2036 POKAPU 1 PATAUA W WHANGAREI 17 FEB 1896 1896 1890-1899 210 PORANGI No on master (@19 Sept) Unknown Unknown Unknown 3168 PORANGI NGUNGURU SW WHANGAREI 26 APR 1899 1899 1890-1899 203 Puhipuhi No. 1 - 4 26 May 1883 1883 1881-1889 PROB Unknown 1406 - 1408 PUHIPUHI 1 - 3 WHAKAPARA N WHANGAREI 05 & 13 SEP 1883 1883 1881-1889 19,490 Puhipuhi No. 5 26 May 1883 1883 1881-1889 PROB Unknown 5539 PUHIPUHI 5 WHAKAPARA WHANGAREI 12 JUN 1900 1900 1900-1920 3 Pukahakaha [ML 288] 4 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 26 0 0 26.00 100 or less 937 PUKAHAKAHA PUREROA BAY OF ISLANDS 28 NOV 1876 1876 1875-1880 26 Pukehuia [ML 3207A] 24 March 1875 1875 1875-1880 380 0 0 380.00 301-400 2093 PUKEHUIA A-H OMANA W WHANGAREI 09 SEP 1897 1897 1890-1899 380

374 Appendix G: Title Determination Master Sheet with Rigby Crown purchase Data

Block Name Date of NLC decision Year Time period_Titling A R P A_dec Size range AUC DEED REF TRANSACTION NAME LOCALITY HEARING DISTRICT DATE OF PURCHASE DEED YEAR OF PURCHASE DEED TIME PERIOD CP ACREAGE [PURCHASED] Pukehuia [ML 3216] 2 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 3,270 0 0 3,270.00 3,001-4,000 798 PUKEHUIA OMANAIA S HOKIANGA 15 JUN 1875 1875 1875-1880 3,120 Pukehuia [ML 3216] 2 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 3,270 0 0 3,270.00 3,001-4,000 2019 PUKEHUIA 2A & 2B OMANAIA SE HOKIANGA 12 MAR 1897 1897 1890-1899 638 Pukenui No. 1 16 March 1866 1866 1865-1874 1,195 0 0 1,195.00 1,001-2,000 1159 PUKENUI 1 MAUNU WHANGAREI 07 APR 1874 1874 1865-1874 1,196 Puketapu No. 3 [ML 534] (pt 1) 2 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 56 1 4 56.28 100 or less 1994 PUKETAPU 3 NGAWHA BAY OF ISLANDS 27 AUG 1895 1895 1890-1899 2 Puketapu No. 3 [ML 534] (pt 2) 2 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 56 1 4 56.28 100 or less 3505 PUKETAPU 3 NGAWHA BAY OF ISLANDS 23 MAR1900 1900 1900-1920 10 Puketapu No. 4 [ML 534] (pt 1) 2 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 8 2 13 8.58 100 or less 616 PUKETAPU 4 NGAWHA BAY OF ISLANDS 19 OCT 1874 1874 1865-1874 3 Puketapu No. 4 [ML 534] (pt 2) 2 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 8 2 13 8.58 100 or less 3506 PUKETAPU 4 NW NGAWHA BAY OF ISLANDS 06 APR 1900 1900 1900-1920 10 Puketapu No. 5 [ML 534] 2 December 1867 1867 1865-1874 82 1 33 82.46 100 or less 958 PUKETAPU 5 NGAWHA BAY OF ISLANDS 10 APR 1877 1877 1875-1880 82 Puketutu [ML 3755] 14 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 6,050 0 0 6,050.00 More than 5,000 1001 PUKETUTU MAUNU NW WHANGAREI 21 SEP 1877 1877 1875-1880 6,050 Pukewharaiki 8 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 2,552 0 0 2,552.00 2,001-3,000 948 PUKEWHARARIKI PUNAKITERE N BAY OF ISLANDS 24 OCT 1876 1876 1875-1880 2,552 Punakitere 2 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 7,557 0 0 7,557.00 More than 5,000 818 PUNAKITERE PUNAKITERE HOKIANGA 12 JUN 1875 1875 1875-1880 7,557 PUNAKITERE 2C No on master (@19 Sept) Unknown Unknown Unknown 2023 PUNAKITERE 2C PUNAKITERE HOKIANGA 18 MAR 1897 1897 1890-1899 49 Pungaere 4 August 1868 1868 1865-1874 7,304 0 0 7,304.00 More than 5,000 466 PUNGAERE KERIKERI N BAY OF ISLANDS 17 SEP 1872 1872 1865-1874 7,184 Purua 25 June 1875 1875 1875-1880 17,010 0 0 17,010.00 More than 5,000 826 PURUA PIPIWAI E WHANGAREI 22 JUN 1875 1875 1875-1880 15,410 Putoetoe No. 17 21 July 1873 1873 1865-1874 1 0 32 1.20 100 or less 1384 PUTOETOE 17 OPONONI HOKIANGA 17 FEB 1882 1882 1881-1889 1 Raihara [ML 6550J] 1 September 1868 1868 1865-1874 213 2 0 213.50 201-300 3025 RAIHARA TANGITERORIA WHANGAREI 16 MAY 1898 1898 1890-1899 213 Rakauwahi 8 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 1,372 0 0 1,372.00 1,001-2,000 934 RAKAUWAHI PUNAKITERE HOKIANGA 24 OCT 1876 1876 1875-1880 1,422 Rotokakahi 25 November 1873 1873 1865-1874 7,831 0 0 7,831.00 More than 5,000 2014 ROTOKAKAHI A2 WHANGAPE S HOKIANGA 20 MAR 1897 1897 1890-1899 5,134 RUAPAHU No on master (@19 Sept) Unknown Unknown Unknown 1180 RUAPAHU MANGAKAHIA NW WHANGAREI 05 FEB 1880 1880 1875-1880 1,416 Ruapekapeka 27 December 1873 1873 1865-1874 PROB Unknown 3232 RUAPEKAPEKA 7A MANGAKAHIA NW WHANGAREI 15 MAR1889 1899 1890-1899 185 Ruatahi (Te) 2 September 1867 1867 1865-1874 2,542 0 0 2,542.00 2,001-3,000 3280 TE RUATAHI 1 WHANANAKI N WHANGAREI 19 MAR 1900 1900 1900-1920 847 Taheke 20 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 3,810 0 0 3,810.00 3,001-4,000 1000 TE TAHEKE NGUNGURU SW WHANGAREI 21 SEP 1877 1877 1875-1880 3,810 Taiharuru [ML 4689A] 27 September 1879 1879 1875-1880 414 0 0 414.00 401-500 1995 & 3005 TAIHARURU PT PATAUA WHANGAREI 21 SEP 1896 & 28 SEP 1897 1896 & 1897 1890-1899 6 Taihoa 7 November 1876 1876 1875-1880 223 1 30 223.44 201-300 946 TAIHOA RAWHIA HOKIANGA 10 NOV 1876 1876 1875-1880 223 TAKAHUE 1 No on master (@19 Sept) Unknown Unknown Unknown 824 TAKAHUE 1 MAUNGATANIWHA HOKIANGA 04 MAY 1875 1875 1875-1880 24,122 TAKAHUE 2 No on master (@19 Sept) Unknown Unknown Unknown 825 TAKAHUE 2 MAUNGATANIWHA HOKIANGA 04 MAY 1875 1875 1875-1880 4,405 Takanga (Te) 31 May 1875 1875 1875-1880 1,750 0 0 1,750.00 1,001-2,000 884 TE TAKANGA PANGURU HOKIANGA 15 JUN 1875 1875 1875-1880 1,750 Takanga No. 2 27 January 1879 1879 1875-1880 827 0 0 827.00 501-1,000 1091 TE TAKANGA 2 PANGURU HOKIANGA 01 FEB 1879 1879 1875-1880 827 Tangihua (pt 1) 25 February 1875 1875 1875-1880 15,600 0 0 15,600.00 More than 5,000 827 TANGIHUA TANGIHUA WHANGAREI 23 JUN 1875 1875 1875-1880 15,600 Tangihua (pt 2) 22 February 1895 1875 1875-1880 15,600 0 0 15,600.00 More than 5,000 2034 TANGIHUA 1A-1D TANGIHUA WHANGAREI 16 SEP 1897 1897 1890-1899 2,050 Tapuwae (pt 1) 1882 1882 1881-1889 8,115 0 0 8,115.00 More than 5,000 1112 TAPUWAE 2 TAPUWAE HOKIANGA 02 FEB 1880 1880 1875-1880 3,147 Tapuwae (pt 2) 1882 1882 1881-1889 8,115 0 0 8,115.00 More than 5,000 2021 TAPUWAE 3A TAPUWAE HOKIANGA 11 MAR1897 1897 1890-1899 529 Taraire [ML 3431] 11 February 1879 1879 1875-1880 915 0 0 915.00 501-1,000 1092 TE TARAIRE PAPONGA HOKIANGA 12 FEB 1879 1879 1875-1880 915 Tarakiekie No. 1 9 May 1879 1879 1875-1880 1,795 0 0 1,795.00 1,001-2,000 1924 TARAKEIKEI 1 MANGAKAHIA WHANGAREI 05 MAR 1896 1896 1890-1899 1,795 Tautehere 17 November 1876 1876 1875-1880 693 0 0 693.00 501-1,000 2018 TAUTEHERE PANGURU HOKIANGA 11 MAR 1897 1897 1890-1899 297 TE HAPU No on master (@19 Sept) Unknown Unknown Unknown 472 TE HAPU BAY OF ISLANDS 25 OCT 1872 1872 1865-1874 Unknown TE HUEHUE 1 No on master (@19 Sept) Unknown Unknown Unknown 1177 TE HUEHUE 1 MATARAUA SW HOKIANGA 08 JUN 1880 1880 1875-1880 4,745 Tihitihi 20 September 1876 1876 1875-1880 3,630 0 0 3,630.00 3,001-4,000 899 TE TIHITIHI MARUATA N WHANGAREI 22 SEP 1876 1876 1875-1880 4,138 Toiroa (Te) (pt 1) 6 February 1895 1895 1890-1899 4,446 0 17 4,446.11 4,001-5,000 2029 TE TOIROA 1A NGUNGURU WHANGAREI 24 SEP 1895 1895 1890-1899 1,930 Toiroa (Te) (pt 2) 6 February 1895 1895 1890-1899 4,446 0 17 4,446.11 4,001-5,000 3304 TE TOIROA 1C 3A NGUNGURU WHANGAREI 18 SEP 1899 1899 1890-1899 810 Toiroa (Te) (pt 3) 6 February 1895 1895 1890-1899 4,446 0 17 4,446.11 4,001-5,000 3305 TE TOIROA 2 NGUNGURU WHANGAREI 20 MAR 1900 1900 1900-1920 300 TOKAKOPURU 2 No on master (@19 Sept) Unknown Unknown Unknown 938 TOKAKOPURU 2 TOTARA N WHANGAROA 23 OCT 1876 1876 1875-1880 90 Tokawhero 20 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 2,727 0 0 2,727.00 2,001-3,000 822 TOKAWHERO 1 MOTATAU BAY OF ISLANDS 28 APR 1875 1875 1875-1880 2,033 Totara (Te) [ML 2342] 16 September 1871 1871 1865-1874 36 0 0 36.00 100 or less 1421 TE TOTARA TAKAHIWAI SW WHANGAREI 02 AUG 1872 1872 1865-1874 36 Touotekeene 10 February 1879 1879 1875-1880 0 3 12 0.83 100 or less 1650 TE TOU O TE KEENE PAKANAE HOKIANGA 02 APR 1888 1888 1881-1889 Unknown Toutou 18 January 1879 1879 1875-1880 405 0 0 405.00 401-500 2037 & 2038 TE TOUTOU A & B MATARAUA WHANGAREI 25 APR 1896 & 08 JUN 1897 1896 & 1897 1890-1899 218 Tuawhitu 22 May 1875 1875 1875-1880 167 0 0 167.00 101-200 2031 TUAWHITU A TANGITERORIA WHANGAREI 17 MAY 1895 1895 1890-1899 108 Tukuwhenua 14 January 1875 1875 1875-1880 2,721 0 0 2,721.00 2,001-3,000 952 TUKUWHENUA NGAPIPITO W BAY OF ISLANDS 21 0CT 1876 1876 1875-1880 2,721 Tunapohepohe 1 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 2,360 0 0 2,360.00 2,001-3,000 902 TUNAPOHEPOHE PURERUA E BAY OF ISLANDS 21 SEP 1876 1876 1875-1880 2,170 Tuparehuia 28 November 1972 1972 After 1920 2 0 0 2.00 100 or less 1869 TUPAREHUIA WHANGARURU BAY OF ISLANDS 11 JUN 1894 1894 1890-1899 2 Tureikura 4 January 1867 1867 1865-1874 2,037 0 0 2,037.00 2,001-3,000 1740 TUREIKURA PURERUA N BAY OF ISLANDS 10 NOV 1871 1871 1865-1874 1,969 TUTURUMATAKOUTU No on master (@19 Sept) Unknown Unknown Unknown 872 TUTURUMATAKOUTU KAEO S WHANGAROA 17 JAN 1876 1876 1875-1880 1,313 UNUHIA No on master (@19 Sept) Unknown Unknown Unknown 901 UNUHIA KAHOE WHANGAROA 09 OCT 1876 1876 1875-1880 3,936 Utakura (pt 1) 28 January 1896 1896 1890-1899 8,400 0 0 8,400.00 More than 5,000 3011 UTAKURA 1A & 2A UTAKURA HOKIANGA 14 MAR 1898 1898 1890-1899 200 Utakura (pt 2) 28 January 1896 1896 1890-1899 8,400 0 0 8,400.00 More than 5,000 3284 UTAKURA 1B1 UTAKURA HOKIANGA 19 JAN 1900 1900 1900-1920 215 Utakura (pt 3) 28 January 1896 1896 1890-1899 8,400 0 0 8,400.00 More than 5,000 3150 UTAKURA 2A UTAKURA HOKIANGA 21 SEP 1897 1897 1890-1899 5 Waerekahakaha 21 May 1875 1875 1875-1880 2,520 0 0 2,520.00 2,001-3,000 865 WAEREKAHAKAHA MANGAKAHIA WHANGAREI 01 FEB 1876 1876 1875-1880 2,520 Waiaruhe [ML 5669] 11 February 1895 1895 1890-1899 1,121 0 0 1,121.00 1,001-2,000 1925 & 1926 WAIARUHE 1 & 2 MANGAKAHIA WHANGAREI 14 AUG & 24 SEP1895 1895 1890-1899 791 Waihoanga No. 1 [ML 3145A] 1 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 1,380 0 0 1,380.00 1,001-2,000 809 WAIHOANGA 1 KAIKOHE NW BAY OF ISLANDS 29 APR 1875 1875 1875-1880 1,380 Waihoanga No. 2 [ML 3276] 19 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 480 0 0 480.00 401-500 942 WAIHOANGA 2 OKAIHAU W BAY OF ISLANDS 23 OCT 1876 1876 1875-1880 480 Waiko (Te) 5 April 1882 1882 1881-1889 848 0 0 848.00 501-1,000 1369 TE WAIKO MATARAUA WHANGAREI 09 DEC 1882 1882 1881-1889 848 Waikoropupu 5 February 1870 1870 1865-1874 8,256 0 7 8,256.04 More than 5,000 1088, 1089 & 1090 WAIKOROPUPU 1-3 OMAHUTA HOKIANGA 06 MAR & 10 MAR 1879 1879 1875-1880 8,254 Waimahutahuta 19 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 178 0 0 178.00 101-200 961 WAIMAHUTAHUTA KAIKOHE NW BAY OF ISLANDS 02 MAY 1877 1877 1875-1880 159 Waimatanui 25 October 1876 1876 1875-1880 4,260 0 0 4,260.00 4,001-5,000 944 & 944A WAIMATANUI MANGAKAHIA NW WHANGAREI 24 OCT 1876 & 18 MAR 1878 1876 & 1878 1875-1880 4,260 Waiparera [ML 3808] 14 September 1877 1877 1875-1880 2,743 0 0 2,743.00 2,001-3,000 999 WAIPARERA PATAUA W WHANGAREI 21 SEP 1877 1877 1875-1880 2,743 Wairua NIB NIB Unknown 27,800 0 0 27,800.00 More than 5,000 754 WAIRUA PUHIPUHI SW WHANGAREI 02 JUN 1875 1875 1875-1880 27,800 Waitaha [ML 2016] 26 June 1871 1871 1865-1874 344 2 0 344.50 301-400 1373 WAITAHA MITIMITI NW HOKIANGA 09 MAR 1882 1882 1881-1889 344 Waitaroto 3 July 1866 1866 1865-1874 7,590 0 0 7,590.00 More than 5,000 812 WAITAROTO PUKETI BAY OF ISLANDS 21 APR 1875 1875 1875-1880 7,590 Waitomotomo (pt 1) 16 August 1880 1880 1875-1880 8,945 0 0 8,945.00 More than 5,000 1539 WAITOMOTOMO 1 & 2 MANGAKAHIA WHANGAREI 24 NOV 1885 1885 1881-1889 8,945 Waitomotomo (pt 2) 16 August 1880 1880 1875-1880 8,945 0 0 8,945.00 More than 5,000 2032 WAITOMOTOMO 3A MANGAKAHIA WHANGAREI 05 OCT 1896 1896 1890-1899 264 WAOKU 1 No on master (@19 Sept) Unknown Unknown Unknown 810 WAOKU 1 MANGAKAHIA NW WHANGAREI 28 APR 1875 1875 1875-1880 17,650 WAOKU 2 No on master (@19 Sept) Unknown Unknown Unknown 786 WAOKU 2 MANGAKAHIA NW WHANGAREI 28 APR 1875 1875 1875-1880 8,017 Whakapae 6 February 1882 1882 1881-1889 PROB Unknown 2035 WHAKAPAE 2A NGUNGURU SW WHANGAREI 14 FEB 1896 1896 1890-1899 517 Whakarara 3 September 1866 1866 1865-1874 3,485 0 0 3,485.00 3,001-4,000 2004 WHAKARARA PT MATOURI W WHANGAROA 06 AUG 1867 1867 1865-1874 5 Whakarongorua 6 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 1,620 0 0 1,620.00 1,001-2,000 797 WHAKARONGARUA 1 UTAKURA HOKIANGA 29 APR 1875 1875 1875-1880 810 Wharerama (Te) 22 May 1875 1875 1875-1880 300 0 0 300.00 201-300 3013 WHARERAMA MANGAKAHIA SW WHANGAREI 13 JAN 1898 1898 1890-1899 300 Wharoro 7 April 1875 1875 1875-1880 839 0 0 839.00 501-1,000 811 WHARORO MOTATAU BAY OF ISLANDS 28 APR 1875 1875 1875-1880 839 Whataipu [ML 4752] 9 April 1885 1885 1881-1889 286 1 22 286.39 201-300 799 WHATAIPU UTAKURA HOKIANGA 12 JUN 1875 1875 1875-1880 2,716 Whatakai 19 September 1876 1876 1875-1880 977 0 0 977.00 501-1,000 1111 WHATAKAI MAUNU W WHANGAREI 29 SEP 1879 1879 1875-1880 277 Whatitiri [ML 6550] 18 February 1895 1895 1890-1899 PROB Unknown Various Subdivisions of Whatitiri MANGAKAHIA WHANGAREI 1895-1899 1890-1899 15,780 Whawharu 13 April 1885 1885 1881-1889 1,722 0 0 1,722.00 1,001-2,000 2022 WHAWHARU B1A WAIMA HOKIANGA 13 MAR 1897 1897 1890-1899 23

375