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Federation Secretariat's Support to Central America and Mexico

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Federation Secretariat's Support to Central America and Mexico Federation Secretariat’s support to Central America and Mexico Operational Plan 2006-2007 Introduction The 2006–2007 plans for Central America, the Caribbean, and South America reflect the strategy outlined in the Federation of the Future process and supports the National Societies in the region to work towards the goals of the Federation’s Global Agenda which further focuses the Strategy 2010 and articulates its continued implementation. The Global Agenda aims at reducing the numbers of deaths, injuries and the impact of disasters, diseases and public health emergencies. In addition, the Global Agenda seeks to reduce intolerance, discrimination and social exclusion, as well as to promote respect for diversity and human dignity. This will require scaling up programmes, increasing Red Cross capacity and strengthening its role in civil society. Effective operational alliances and cooperation mechanisms are necessary to achieve these ambitious goals. The Global Agenda will be discussed by National Societies at the General Assembly in Seoul, November 2005. With its adoption the Federation is committed to scaling up its interventions, particularly in the field of disaster response and health programming in order to contribute to the reduction of vulnerability in accordance with the Millennium Development Goals. The programmes presented in the current plans for Latin America and the Caribbean are part of these collective efforts of the Federation network. In the Americas, it is intended to improve the immediate response to disasters and reach out to more beneficiaries, through better prepared Red Cross human resources, relief stocks and logistics. Furthermore, strengthened National Society health departments will contribute to increased outreach and ensure increased impact in vulnerable communities in the areas of health promotion, disease prevention and HIV/AIDs programming. Simultaneously, efforts will be strengthened to measure the impact of Red Cross interventions through the compilation of base-line data, vulnerability profiles and subsequent monitoring and evaluation. As in previous years, the main goal of the Panama Regional Delegation is to support the important work of National Societies to assist people of the region made vulnerable by a variety of social, economic and environmental challenges. The objectives of the International Federation’s Plan for Mexico and Central America for 2006-2007 aim to support the implementation of the 2003-2007 Plan of Action of the XVIII Inter-American Conference held in Santiago de Chile in April 2003. Much consideration has been given to the individual and collective priorities of the National Societies of the region, particularly as they are outlined in National Development and Strategic Plans, and as expressed during regular Presidents and Technical Seminar Meetings. As well, the plan is supportive of and complementary to the Federation’s Strategy 2010, the Strategy for the Movement, and the decisions of the International Conference. The Federation Secretariat’s permanent structure in support of the National Societies in Central America and Mexico consists of the Panama Regional Delegation, with a Sub Regional Office in Port of Spain, Trinidad. The Pan American Disaster Response Unit (PADRU) ensures technical support and coordination of disaster management in the entire region. Support to finance and reporting is ensured by the respective regional units based in Panama. This plan includes seven countries: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua and Panama. This plan aims to support the remaining two years of the Plan of Action of the XVIII Inter-American Conference, and will prepare the Federation and National Societies of the region for the next Inter American Conference, to take place in 2007 in Guayaquil, Ecuador. Since the Guayaquil Conference may introduce new priorities - and possibly new programme directions - for National Societies in the region, the Federation’s own planning process for the Americas is for the following two years, unlike the Federation’s plans in other regions which will cover the next four years. The Federation’s planning objectives for the Americas for 2006 and 2007 focus on the four core programme areas of health, disaster management, humanitarian principles and values, and organizational development. As in previous years, the Panama Regional Delegation’s objectives for 2006 and 2007 are in harmony with the Millennium Development Goals seeking to “eradicate extreme poverty and hunger”, to “promote gender equality and empower women” and, in the area of health, aiming to “reduce child mortality,” to “improve maternal health” and to “combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases”. In accordance with the 2003-2007 Plan of Action of the XVIII Inter-American Conference, this plan’s programming objectives have been designed to enhance National Societies’ work with communities, particularly through integrated programming and branch development. As well, consideration has been made to promoting youth activities and involvement, as well as to encouraging diversity with regards to gender, age and ethnicity within National Societies and in their programming. Building National Society capacity remains a main priority, with particular emphasis on improving volunteer management, including recruitment and retention. The plan also seeks to support the strengthening of networks in the region, as well as to promote and enhance peer support as a means of promoting best practices and organizational learning. As part of this, the Federation plans to continue supporting the growth of the two new Centres of Reference in Central America: the Centre of Reference for Education in Community Based Disaster Preparedness in Costa Rica and the Centre of Reference for Disaster Preparedness in El Salvador. Finally, a strong and prepared America’s disaster response system, with the important coordination with PADRU, remains a key priority for the Federation for the next two years. Regional Context Today, the region of Mexico and Central America enjoys a better economic, social and political situation than in the early 1990s. The end of authoritarianism and armed conflict and the strengthening of democracy in the last decade have been extremely important for efforts to achieve stability. In spite of advancements, the countries of Central America continue to face many social, economic and environmental challenges, including widespread poverty, inequality, social unrest, violence and vulnerability to natural disasters. Population living HDI rank in HDI rank Population Life expectancy GDP per capita below the national 2005 in 2004 (millions) at birth (years) (PPP US$) poverty line (%) HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT Costa Rica 47 45 4.2 78.2 9,606 22.0 Mexico 53 53 104.3 75.1 9,168 10.1 Panama 56 61 3.1 74.8 6,854 37.3 MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT El Salvador 104 103 6.6 70.9 4,781 48.3 Nicaragua 112 118 5.3 69.7 3,262 47.9 Honduras 116 115 6.9 67.8 2,665 53.0 Guatemala 117 121 12.0 67.3 4,148 56.2 Source: UN "Human Development Report 2005" Much work remains to be done for the countries of the region to meet the Millennium Development Goals. Poverty levels remain very high; in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua close to or over 50 percent of the population live below the poverty line, and three of them - Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua - have extreme poverty levels over 30 percent.1 Although the absolute number of people living in poverty in urban centres exceeds that of rural areas, the high levels of population living in the cities mean that poverty rates for rural inhabitants is far higher. Inequality does not only exist in the urban-rural context; the economic advancement of indigenous peoples continues to be hampered by a variety of social constraints, such as limited access to education and employment, and these groups are therefore more likely to show a high incidence of poverty, malnutrition, and infant and maternal mortality, in addition to lower life expectancy, among other problems. As in many other parts of the world, women in Mexico and Central America continue to be more disadvantaged than men. Uneven distribution of wealth and marginalization of ethnic minorities increase levels of poverty in certain layers of the population, which has a direct impact on access to health services. In line with the “scaling up in health” initiative, Red Cross Societies in the region are working to enhance the capacity of their health departments in order to reach those in need and to work towards increasing equality in health. In addition to poverty, many other issues addressed by the Millennium Development Goals continue to challenge Mexico and Central America. Socio-economic trends are fuelling the spread of HIV/AIDS in Latin America, where it is estimated that 240,000 children and adults (age 0-49) were newly infected with the disease in 2004, and the region of Mexico and Central America is no exception (see table below). The epidemic is particularly serious in El, Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras, which have prevalence rates of over 1%2. ica Country HIV/AIDS ica s R ador ra v u mala estimates for 2003: ta d e s n at in Amer o u C El Sal Ho G Mexico Nicaragua Panama Lat Adult (15-49) HIV 0.6% 1.1% n/a n/a 0.3% 0.2% 0.9% 0.6% prevalence rate Adults and children (0- 12 000 7,800 n/a n/a 160,000 6,400 16,000 1,700,000 49) living with HIV AIDS deaths (adults and 900 <200 n/a n/a 5000** <500 <500 95,000 children) in 2003 Source: UNAIDS “2004 Report on the AIDS Epidemic” and “AIDS Epidemic Update 2004” **Estimates informed by data from vital registration systems Red Cross anti-stigma and advocacy efforts speak out against discrimination and marginalization, particularly as they relate to HIV/AIDS. Innovative projects seek to target youth violence and gender discrimination, as well as to reach ethnic minorities, in order to respond to the high levels of violence that continue to plague Mexico and Central America and which is challenging the social fabric of the region.
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